Electronic device for performing UWB communication, and operation method thereof

Abstract

One embodiment of the present disclosure relates to an electronic device for performing ultra wide band (UWB) communication, and an operation method thereof. A method performed by a first electronic device for performing UWB communication, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, may comprise the steps of: transmitting, to a terminal, a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information about a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block that includes a contention-based ranging block (CBRB); performing an access procedure with the terminal by receiving, from the terminal, a first response signal including a MAC address in the CBRB; transmitting, to the terminal, a second RMM including information about a second HUS block; receiving, from the terminal, a plurality of second response signals in the second HUS block; and performing tagless communication with the terminal on the basis of the plurality of second response signals, wherein the second HUS block includes a double-sided two-way ranging (DS-TWR) block and an in-band block.

Description

Electronic device for performing UWB communication and method of operation thereof

[0001] Various embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an electronic device for performing UWB communication and a method of operating the same.

[0002] Typically, payment for public transportation, such as buses and subways, is made by users tagging their transportation card or smartphone directly onto a payment terminal. Payment terminals installed at bus entrances or subway gates utilize near field communication (NFC) to link the transportation card or smartphone to the payment process. However, this NFC technology presents an inconvenience: users must wait to tag their transportation card or smartphone when boarding or exiting a bus or passing through a subway gate.

[0003] To address these issues, recent efforts are underway to develop contactless (or tagless) fare payment systems that enable payments without touching the transportation card to a payment terminal. In particular, numerous attempts are being made to develop contactless fare payment systems that utilize wireless terminals, such as smartphones or smart pads, and wireless communication technologies (e.g., Bluetooth low energy (BLE) or ultra-wideband (UWB)).

[0004] However, the current contactless fare payment system has a problem in that it is difficult to clearly distinguish when passengers get on or off, and there is a possibility that payment may be made incorrectly at the gate the user terminal approached even if the user terminal approaches the gate but then enters a different gate or returns.

[0005] Recently, research is being conducted on a contactless payment system that can measure the exact location of the terminal to reduce incorrect payments and enable quick payments to solve these problems.

[0006] Various embodiments disclosed in this document provide an electronic device for performing UWB communication and a method of operating the same.

[0007] The technical problems to be achieved in this document are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs from the description below.

[0008] A method performed by a first electronic device performing ultra wide band (UWB) communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes the steps of: transmitting, to a terminal, a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information on a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention based ranging block (CBRB); receiving, from the terminal, a first response signal including a MAC address in the contention based ranging block and performing an access procedure with the terminal; transmitting, to the terminal, a second ranging measurement message including information on a second HUS block; receiving, from the terminal, a plurality of second response signals in the second HUS block; and performing tagless communication with the terminal based on the plurality of second response signals, wherein the second HUS block may include a double sided two way ranging (DS-TWR) block and an in-band block.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for operating a terminal (user equipment) performing ultra wide band (UWB) communication includes the steps of: identifying a location of the terminal based on a downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDoA) in a first UWB channel; receiving, from an electronic device, a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information on a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention-based ranging block (CBRB) in a second UWB channel; transmitting, from the contention-based ranging block, a first response signal including a MAC address to the electronic device; receiving, from the electronic device, a second ranging measurement message including information on a second HUS block in a second UWB channel; transmitting, from the second HUS block, a plurality of second response signals to the electronic device; and performing a tagless payment with the electronic device, wherein the second HUS block includes a double-sided two way ranging (DS-TWR) block and an in-band block. Can be.

[0010] A first electronic device performing ultra wide band (UWB) communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes at least one transceiver and a controller coupled with the at least one transceiver, wherein the controller is configured to transmit, to a terminal, a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information on a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention based ranging block (CBRB), receive a first response signal including a MAC address from the contention based ranging block from the terminal to perform an access procedure with the terminal, transmit, to the terminal, a second ranging measurement message including information on a second HUS block, receive a plurality of second response signals from the second HUS block from the terminal, and perform a tagless payment with the terminal based on the plurality of second response signals, wherein the second HUS block may include a double sided two way ranging (DS-TWR) block and an in-band block.

[0011] A user equipment performing UWB (ultra wide band) communication includes at least one transceiver and a controller coupled with the at least one transceiver, wherein the controller identifies a location of the terminal based on a downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDoA) in a first UWB channel, receives, from an electronic device, a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information about a first HUS (hybrid UWB session) block including a contention-based ranging block (CBRB) in a second UWB channel, transmits a first response signal including a MAC address to the electronic device in the contention-based ranging block, receives, from the electronic device, a second ranging measurement message including information about a second HUS block in a second UWB channel, transmits a plurality of second response signals to the electronic device in the second HUS block, and is configured to perform a tagless payment with the electronic device, wherein the second HUS block It may include a DS-TWR (double sided two way ranging) block and an In-band block.

[0012] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device within a network environment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 2 illustrates a ranging block structure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 3 illustrates a ranging block structure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 4 illustrates a ranging block structure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 5 illustrates a ranging block structure for setting a time offset according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 7 illustrates a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 8 illustrates a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 9 illustrates a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 10 illustrates a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 11 illustrates a communication procedure between a plurality of gates and terminals according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 13 illustrates the operation of an electronic device for performing contactless payment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 14 illustrates the operation of a terminal for performing contactless payment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 15 is a block diagram briefly illustrating the configuration of an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] In connection with the description of the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals may be used for identical or similar components.

[0028] Various aspects of the claimed subject matter are described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate similar elements. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. However, it may be apparent that the embodiments may be practiced without these specific details.

[0029] The terms used in this disclosure are used only to describe specific embodiments and may not be intended to limit the scope of other embodiments. The singular expression may include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, may have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art described in this disclosure. Terms defined in general dictionaries among the terms used in this disclosure may be interpreted as having the same or similar meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this disclosure. In some cases, even if a term is defined in this disclosure, it cannot be interpreted to exclude embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] In the following description, terms referring to signals (e.g., message, signal, signaling, sequence, stream), terms referring to resources (e.g., symbol, slot, subframe, radio frame, subcarrier, resource element (RE), resource block (RB), bandwidth part (BWP), occasion), terms for operations (e.g., step, method, process, procedure), terms referring to data (e.g., information, parameter, variable, value, bit, symbol, codeword), terms referring to channels, terms referring to control information (e.g., downlink control information (DCI), medium access control code word element (MAC CE), radio resource control (RRC) signaling), terms referring to network entities, terms referring to components of devices, etc. are used in the description. These terms are provided for convenience. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the terms described below, and other terms with equivalent technical meanings may be used.

[0031] The term "terminal" or "device" as used herein may refer to a mobile station (MS), user equipment (UE), user terminal (UT), wireless terminal, access terminal (AT), terminal, subscriber unit (SS), subscriber station (SS), wireless device, wireless communication device, wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), mobile node, mobile, or other terms. Various embodiments of the terminal may include a cellular telephone, a smart phone having wireless communication capabilities, a personal digital assistant (PDA) having wireless communication capabilities, a wireless modem, a portable computer having wireless communication capabilities, a photographing device such as a digital camera having wireless communication capabilities, a gaming device having wireless communication capabilities, a music storage and playback appliance having wireless communication capabilities, an Internet appliance capable of wireless Internet access and browsing, as well as portable units or terminals incorporating combinations of such functions. Additionally, the terminal may include, but is not limited to, an M2M (Machine to Machine) terminal or an MTC (Machine Type Communication) terminal / device. In this specification, the terminal may also be referred to as an electronic device or simply a device.

[0032] Additionally, the term "electronic device" used herein may include not only a terminal but also a gate device capable of performing payment and authorization. "GATE" in the present disclosure refers to a gate device and may include the meaning of "electronic device" used herein. For example, "GATE 1" may refer to a "first electronic device," and "GATE 2" may refer to a "second electronic device." "GATE 1" and "GATE 2" may be collectively referred to as a "multi-GATE."

[0033] The term "communication" in this disclosure may refer to a series of operations that perform payment and authorization. For example, the operation of a device at a gate performing contactless payment communication may refer to the operation of the gate performing contactless authorization and contactless payment.

[0034] The “FiRa standard” of the present disclosure may refer to a standard described by FiRa (Find Ranging), a technology standardization organization for services and devices using UWB (ultra wide band) communication.

[0035] The term "block" in the present disclosure may refer to a time period. For example, a DL-TDoA block may refer to a time period for transmitting and receiving signals related to DL-TDoA.

[0036] Additionally, the “DS-TWR block”, “In-band block”, and contention based ranging block (CBRB) of the present disclosure may be terms used with the same meaning as “DL-TDoA phase”, “In-band phase”, and “contention based ranging phase” in the FiRa standard.

[0037] The "UWB Anchor" of the present disclosure may be referred to as an anchor or UWB anchor device, and may be a UWB device placed in a specific location to provide a positioning service. For example, the anchor device may be a UWB device installed by a service provider on an indoor wall, ceiling, structure, etc. to provide an indoor positioning service. Anchor devices may be classified as initiator anchors and responder anchors depending on the order and role of message transmission.

[0038] The "UWB channel" of the present disclosure may be one of candidate UWB channels allocated for UWB communication. The candidate UWB channels allocated for UWB communication may be channels allocated for UWB communication defined in IEEE 802.15.4 / 4z. The UWB channel may be used for UWB ranging and / or transactions. For example, the UWB channel may be used for transmitting and receiving ranging frames and / or transmitting and receiving data frames.

[0039] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device (101) within a network environment (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Referring to FIG. 1, in a network environment (100), an electronic device (101) may communicate with an electronic device (102) via a first network (198) (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or may communicate with at least one of an electronic device (104) or a server (108) via a second network (199) (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may communicate with the electronic device (104) via the server (108). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may include a processor (120), a memory (130), an input module (150), an audio output module (155), a display module (160), an audio module (170), a sensor module (176), an interface (177), a connection terminal (178), a haptic module (179), a camera module (180), a power management module (188), a battery (189), a communication module (190), a subscriber identification module (196), or an antenna module (197). In some embodiments, the electronic device (101) may omit at least one of these components (e.g., the connection terminal (178)), or may have one or more other components added. In some embodiments, some of these components (e.g., the sensor module (176), the camera module (180), or the antenna module (197)) may be integrated into one component (e.g., the display module (160)).

[0041] The processor (120) may, for example, execute software (e.g., a program (140)) to control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware or software component) of the electronic device (101) connected to the processor (120) and perform various data processing or calculations. According to one embodiment, as at least a part of the data processing or calculation, the processor (120) may store a command or data received from another component (e.g., a sensor module (176) or a communication module (190)) in a volatile memory (132), process the command or data stored in the volatile memory (132), and store the resulting data in a non-volatile memory (134). According to one embodiment, the processor (120) may include a main processor (121) (e.g., a central processing unit or an application processor) or a secondary processor (123) (e.g., a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor)) that may operate independently or together therewith. For example, if the electronic device (101) includes a main processor (121) and a secondary processor (123), the secondary processor (123) may be configured to use less power than the main processor (121) or to be specialized for a specified function. The secondary processor (123) may be implemented separately from the main processor (121) or as a part thereof.

[0042] The auxiliary processor (123) may control at least a portion of functions or states associated with at least one component (e.g., a display module (160), a sensor module (176), or a communication module (190)) of the electronic device (101), for example, on behalf of the main processor (121) while the main processor (121) is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor (121) while the main processor (121) is in an active (e.g., application execution) state. In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (123) (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be implemented as a part of another functionally related component (e.g., a camera module (180) or a communication module (190)). In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (123) (e.g., a neural network processing unit) may include a hardware structure specialized for processing artificial intelligence models. The artificial intelligence models may be generated through machine learning. This learning can be performed, for example, in the electronic device (101) itself where the artificial intelligence model is executed, or can be performed through a separate server (e.g., server (108)). The learning algorithm can include, for example, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning, but is not limited to the examples described above. For example, the learning algorithm can include a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. The artificial intelligence model can include a plurality of artificial neural network layers.The artificial neural network may be one of a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of the above, but is not limited to the examples described above. In addition to, or alternatively to, a hardware structure, an artificial intelligence model may include a software structure.

[0043] The memory (130) can store various data used by at least one component (e.g., processor (120) or sensor module (176)) of the electronic device (101). The data can include, for example, software (e.g., program (140)) and input data or output data for commands related thereto. The memory (130) can include volatile memory (132) or non-volatile memory (134).

[0044] The program (140) may be stored as software in the memory (130) and may include, for example, an operating system (142), middleware (144), or an application (146).

[0045] The input module (150) can receive commands or data to be used in a component of the electronic device (101) (e.g., a processor (120)) from an external source (e.g., a user) of the electronic device (101). The input module (150) can include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen).

[0046] The audio output module (155) can output audio signals to the outside of the electronic device (101). The audio output module (155) can include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker can be used for general purposes, such as multimedia playback or recording playback. The receiver can be used to receive incoming calls. In one embodiment, the receiver can be implemented separately from the speaker or as part of the speaker.

[0047] The display module (160) can visually provide information to an external party (e.g., a user) of the electronic device (101). The display module (160) may include, for example, a display, a holographic device, or a projector and a control circuit for controlling the device. According to one embodiment, the display module (160) may include a touch sensor configured to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor configured to measure the intensity of a force generated by the touch.

[0048] The audio module (170) can convert sound into an electrical signal, or vice versa, convert an electrical signal into sound. According to one embodiment, the audio module (170) can acquire sound through the input module (150), output sound through the sound output module (155), or an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (102)) (e.g., speaker or headphone) directly or wirelessly connected to the electronic device (101).

[0049] The sensor module (176) can detect the operating status (e.g., power or temperature) of the electronic device (101) or the external environmental status (e.g., user status) and generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected status. According to one embodiment, the sensor module (176) can include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyro sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biometric sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor.

[0050] The interface (177) may support one or more designated protocols that may be used to directly or wirelessly connect the electronic device (101) with an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (102)). In one embodiment, the interface (177) may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, an SD card interface, or an audio interface.

[0051] The connection terminal (178) may include a connector through which the electronic device (101) may be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (102)). According to one embodiment, the connection terminal (178) may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0052] The haptic module (179) can convert electrical signals into mechanical stimuli (e.g., vibration or movement) or electrical stimuli that a user can perceive through tactile or kinesthetic sensations. According to one embodiment, the haptic module (179) can include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electrical stimulation device.

[0053] The camera module (180) can capture still images and videos. According to one embodiment, the camera module (180) may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes.

[0054] The power management module (188) can manage power supplied to the electronic device (101). According to one embodiment, the power management module (188) can be implemented as, for example, at least a part of a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0055] A battery (189) may power at least one component of the electronic device (101). In one embodiment, the battery (189) may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell.

[0056] The communication module (190) may support the establishment of a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between the electronic device (101) and an external electronic device (102), the electronic device (104), or the server (108), and the performance of communication through the established communication channel. The communication module (190) may operate independently from the processor (120) (e.g., an application processor) and may include one or more communication processors that support direct (e.g., wired) communication or wireless communication. According to one embodiment, the communication module (190) may include a wireless communication module (192) (e.g., a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) communication module) or a wired communication module (194) (e.g., a local area network (LAN) communication module, or a power line communication module). Among these communication modules, the corresponding communication module can communicate with an external electronic device (104) via a first network (198) (e.g., a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, wireless fidelity (WiFi) direct, or infrared data association (IrDA)) or a second network (199) (e.g., a long-range communication network such as a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., a LAN or WAN)). These various types of communication modules can be integrated into a single component (e.g., a single chip) or implemented as multiple separate components (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module (192) can verify or authenticate the electronic device (101) within a communication network such as the first network (198) or the second network (199) by using subscriber information (e.g., an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module (196).

[0057] The wireless communication module (192) can support 5G networks and next-generation communication technologies following the 4G network, such as NR access technology (new radio access technology). The NR access technology can support high-speed transmission of high-capacity data (eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband)), minimization of terminal power and connection of multiple terminals (mMTC (massive machine type communications)), or high reliability and low latency (URLLC (ultra-reliable and low-latency communications)). The wireless communication module (192) can support, for example, a high-frequency band (e.g., mmWave band) to achieve a high data transmission rate. The wireless communication module (192) can support various technologies for securing performance in a high-frequency band, such as beamforming, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large scale antenna. The wireless communication module (192) can support various requirements specified in the electronic device (101), an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (104)), or a network system (e.g., the second network (199)). According to one embodiment, the wireless communication module (192) can support a peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for eMBB realization, a loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for mMTC realization, or a U-plane latency (e.g., 0.5 ms or less for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), or 1 ms or less for round trip) for URLLC realization.

[0058] The antenna module (197) can transmit or receive signals or power to or from an external device (e.g., an external electronic device). In one embodiment, the antenna module (197) may include an antenna including a radiator formed of a conductor or a conductive pattern formed on a substrate (e.g., a PCB). In one embodiment, the antenna module (197) may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for a communication method used in a communication network, such as the first network (198) or the second network (199), may be selected from the plurality of antennas, for example, by the communication module (190). A signal or power may be transmitted or received between the communication module (190) and an external electronic device via the at least one selected antenna. In some embodiments, in addition to the radiator, another component (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) may be additionally formed as a part of the antenna module (197). In one embodiment, the antenna module (197) may form a mmWave antenna module. In one embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on or adjacent a first side (e.g., a bottom side) of the printed circuit board and capable of supporting a designated high frequency band (e.g., a mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna) disposed on or adjacent a second side (e.g., a top side or a side side) of the printed circuit board and capable of transmitting or receiving signals in the designated high frequency band.

[0059] At least some of the above components can be interconnected and exchange signals (e.g., commands or data) with each other via a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., a bus, GPIO (general purpose input and output), SPI (serial peripheral interface), or MIPI (mobile industry processor interface)).

[0060] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device (101) and an external electronic device (104) via a server (108) connected to a second network (199). Each of the external electronic devices (102 or 104) may be the same or a different type of device as the electronic device (101). According to one embodiment, all or part of the operations executed in the electronic device (101) may be executed in one or more of the external electronic devices (102, 104, or 108). For example, when the electronic device (101) is to perform a certain function or service automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device (101) may, instead of or in addition to executing the function or service on its own, request one or more external electronic devices to perform the function or at least a part of the service. One or more external electronic devices that receive the request may execute at least a portion of the requested function or service, or an additional function or service related to the request, and transmit the result of the execution to the electronic device (101). The electronic device (101) may process the result as is or additionally and provide it as at least a portion of a response to the request. For this purpose, cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used, for example. The electronic device (101) may provide an ultra-low latency service by using distributed computing or mobile edge computing, for example. In another embodiment, the external electronic device (104) may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The server (108) may be an intelligent server utilizing machine learning and / or a neural network. According to one embodiment, the external electronic device (104) or the server (108) may be included in the second network (199).The electronic device (101) can be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart city, smart car, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology.

[0061] Electronic devices according to various embodiments disclosed in the present disclosure may take various forms. Electronic devices may include, for example, entry / exit gate devices, portable communication devices (e.g., smartphones), computer devices, portable multimedia devices, portable medical devices, cameras, wearable devices, or home appliances. Electronic devices according to embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the aforementioned devices.

[0062] The various embodiments of the present disclosure and the terminology used therein are not intended to limit the technical features described in the present disclosure to specific embodiments, but should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutes of the embodiments. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the items, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the present disclosure, each of the phrases "A or B," "at least one of A and B," "at least one of A or B," "A, B, or C," "at least one of A, B, and C," and "at least one of A, B, or C" can include any one of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as "first," "second," or "first" or "second" may be used merely to distinguish one component from another, and do not limit the components in any other respect (e.g., importance or order). When a component (e.g., a first component) is referred to as "coupled" or "connected" to another component (e.g., a second component), with or without the terms "functionally" or "communicatively," it means that the component can be connected to the other component directly (e.g., wired), wirelessly, or through a third component.

[0063] The term "module" used in various embodiments of the present disclosure may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, logic block, component, or circuit. A module may be an integral component, or a minimum unit or part of such a component that performs one or more functions. For example, according to one embodiment, a module may be implemented in the form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0064] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented as software (e.g., a program (140)) including one or more commands stored in a storage medium (e.g., an internal memory (136) or an external memory (138)) readable by a machine (e.g., an electronic device (101)). For example, a processor (e.g., a processor (120)) of the machine (e.g., an electronic device (101)) may call at least one command among the one or more commands stored from the storage medium and execute it. This enables the machine to operate to perform at least one function according to the at least one command called. The one or more commands may include code generated by a compiler or code executable by an interpreter. The machine-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Here, 'non-transitory' simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device and does not contain signals (e.g., electromagnetic waves), and the term does not distinguish between cases where data is stored semi-permanently or temporarily on the storage medium.

[0065] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method according to various embodiments disclosed in the present disclosure may be provided as included in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a commodity between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)), or may be distributed online (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) via an application store (e.g., Play Store™) or directly between two user devices (e.g., smart phones). In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily stored or temporarily generated in a machine-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store's server, or a relay server.

[0066] According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., a module or a program) of the above-described components may include one or more entities, and some of the entities may be separated and placed in other components. According to various embodiments, one or more components or operations of the aforementioned components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of components (e.g., a module or a program) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the plurality of components identically or similarly to those performed by the corresponding component among the plurality of components prior to the integration. According to various embodiments, the operations performed by a module, program, or other component may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

[0067] FIG. 2 illustrates a ranging block structure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, a ranging block is a term referring to a time period for ranging, and FIG. 2 illustrates the structure of a ranging block based on the Fira standard.

[0068] Referring to (A) of FIG. 2, the ranging block may be configured in a form in which a Downlink Time Difference of Arrival (DL-TDoA) block and a Hybrid UWB Session (HUS) block are temporally separated and repeated in one frequency channel. For example, the ranging block of a contactless payment system used at a gate (e.g., a subway entrance gate) may be configured in a form in which a DL-TDoA block and a HUS block for measuring the location of a terminal are repeated. The DL-TDoA block may be called reverse TDoA, and its basic operation may be for a user terminal to overhear the message of an anchor device during a process in which multiple UWB anchor devices broadcast messages or exchange messages with each other. A user device performing the DL-TDoA operation may overhear messages transmitted by two anchor devices and calculate a Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) proportional to the difference in distance between each anchor device and the user device. A user device can use TDoA with multiple pairs of anchor devices to calculate the relative distance to the anchor device and use it for positioning. The operation of the anchor device for DL-TDoA can be similar to that of Double Side-Two Way Ranging (DS-TWR) defined in IEEE 802.15.4z, and may further include other useful time information to enable the user device to calculate TDoA. In the present disclosure, DL-TDoA may be referred to as DL-TDoA localization.

[0069] Referring to (B) of FIG. 2, the HUS block may be composed of a ranging measurement message (RMM) block, a contention-based ranging block (CBRB), an in-band block, and a double-sided two-way ranging (DS-TWR) block.

[0070] In one example, the RMM block may represent a block that transmits a ranging measurement message from an electronic device (e.g., a gate) to an external electronic device (e.g., a user terminal) that is the target of a contactless payment. In one example, the ranging measurement message may include information about a HUS that includes the RMM block. For example, the information about the HUS block may include information about each block that constitutes the HUS block, information about the starting slot index, and information about the ending slot index of each block that constitutes the HUS block.

[0071] In one example, a contention-based ranging block may represent a block that transmits and receives signals for access between an electronic device and an external electronic device. For example, when an electronic device transmits a ranging measurement message from the RMM block to an external electronic device, the external electronic device transmits a response signal from the contention-based ranging block to the electronic device, thereby enabling access between the electronic device and the external electronic device.

[0072] In one example, the In-band block may represent a block where authentication and payment between an electronic device and an external electronic device are performed. For example, after recognition between an electronic device and an external electronic device, signals for contactless payment authentication and payment may be transmitted and received between the electronic device and the external electronic device in the In-band block.

[0073] In one example, a DS-TWR block may represent a block that includes a distance measurement algorithm that measures the distance between an electronic device and an external electronic device.

[0074] FIG. 3 illustrates a ranging block structure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0075] Referring to (A) of FIG. 3, the ranging block structure of the existing FiRa standard is illustrated. In order for DL-TDoA and HUS to operate temporally separated in a single frequency channel, the lengths of the DL-TDoA block and HUS block (i.e., the time interval corresponding to the block) must be fixed. If the lengths of the DL-TDoA block and HUS block in a single frequency channel are not fixed, there may be an overlapping portion, which may prevent them from operating temporally separated. In (A) of FIG. 3, the x-axis represents time, and A and B may represent fixed constants. In one example, information about the lengths of the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block may need to be shared in advance with an electronic device that transmits and receives signals in the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block. The electronic device can transmit and receive signals with an external electronic device in a single frequency channel in which the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block are temporally separated, based on the information about the lengths of the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block that has been shared in advance.

[0076] Figures 3 (B) to (D) illustrate the structure of the HUS block in a case where the frequency channels used by the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block are operated separately.

[0077] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when frequency channels for DL-TDoA blocks and HUS blocks are operated separately, the lengths of DL-TDoA and HUS blocks may be variable. When the channels for operating the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block are different, there is no time constraint that requires the HUS block to start after the end time of the DL-TDoA block, and thus the length of each block may not need to be fixed. In other words, since there is no time constraint due to the DL-TDoA block, the length or configuration of the HUS block can be flexibly changed. For example, an electronic device (e.g., a gate) that performs contactless payment may set the internal configuration of the HUS block to have different lengths depending on the situation.

[0078] In one example, (B) of FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a HUS block that can be dynamically changed. The x-axis represents time, and C may represent a changeable variable. Depending on the situation, the configuration of the HUS block may consist only of an RMM block, an in-band block, and a DS-TWR block, and the contention-based ranging block may be excluded from the configuration of the HUS block. However, this is not limited thereto.

[0079] In one example, (C) of FIG. 3 illustrates a HUS block utilized when an electronic device needs to access an external electronic device. When the electronic device needs to access the external electronic device, the HUS block may be configured to include an RMM block for transmitting and receiving information about the HUS and a contention-based ranging block for transmitting and receiving signals for accessing the external electronic device. For example, a gate performing contactless payment may set up a HUS block comprised of an RMM block and a contention-based ranging block when detecting a terminal entering the gate and attempting to access the terminal.

[0080] In one example, FIG. 3D illustrates a HUS block used when an electronic device and an external electronic device need to perform a payment. When the electronic device performs a contactless payment with an external electronic device, the HUS block may be configured to include an RMM block, a DS-TWR block for identifying the location of the terminal, and an In-band block for performing the payment. For example, a gate performing a contactless payment may set a HUS block composed of an RMM block, a DS-TWR block, and an In-band block to identify the location of a terminal passing through the gate and perform a contactless payment with the terminal when the terminal is identified as passing through the gate.

[0081] When operating frequency channels separately for the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block according to the embodiments of (B) to (D) of FIG. 3, location identification and payment processing between electronic devices and external electronic devices can proceed quickly. In particular, by dynamically changing the length and internal configuration of the HUS block according to the situation, time resources can be efficiently utilized when performing UWB communication.

[0082] FIG. 4 illustrates a ranging block structure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 assumes that four signals must be transmitted and received from an in-band block within a HUS block for contactless payment to proceed.

[0083] When a signal is transmitted and received in the ranging block of the FiRa standard, a signal for contactless payment may be transmitted and received in the HUS block of a fixed length after the time of the DL-TDoA block of a fixed length has expired. As an example, FIG. 4 (A) illustrates a case where a signal is transmitted and received in the ranging block of the FiRa standard. At this time, since the length of the in-band block within the HUS block is fixed, in order for contactless payment to be completed in the in-band block, the HUS block of the first cycle may have to pass and then proceed to the HUS block of the second cycle. For example, three signals may be transmitted and received in the in-band block within the HUS block of the first cycle, and the remaining signal may not be transmitted or received. After the remaining signal is transmitted and received in the in-band block within the HUS block of the second cycle, the contactless payment may be completed.

[0084] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the frequency channel for the DL-TDoA block and the frequency channel for the HUS block are operated separately from each other rather than when the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block are operated on the same frequency channel, the length or configuration of the components within the HUS block can be changed so that all signals for performing contactless payment can be transmitted and received. In one example, when the frequency channel for the DL-TDoA block (e.g., UWB channel) and the frequency channel for the HUS block are operated separately, the length of the In-band block within the HUS block can be set long so that the contactless payment can be completed in one cycle of the HUS block. That is, the end time of the In-band block can be set after all signals for the contactless payment have been transmitted and received. For example, FIG. 4 (B) illustrates the HUS block when the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block are operated on the same frequency channel. The length of an in-band block can be increased by delaying the end time of the in-band block to allow four signals for contactless payments to be transmitted and received within a single HUS block. This allows contactless payments to be processed within a single HUS block cycle.

[0085] FIG. 5 illustrates a ranging block structure for setting a time offset according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. When multiple electronic devices (e.g., gates) are required to perform contactless payments, each electronic device must be allocated a time to use the frequency channel (e.g., a UWB communication channel) so that the multiple electronic devices can utilize the same frequency channel. The time offset described in the present disclosure can represent information regarding the time at which each electronic device uses a frequency channel.

[0086] FIG. 5(A) illustrates an example of setting HUS blocks to be used by multiple electronic devices in the ranging block structure of the FiRa standard. In the FiRa standard, since the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block operate on a single frequency channel (e.g., channel 9 of FIG. 5(A)), time can be distributed based on the DL-TDoA block so that multiple electronic devices can use the distributed time. When time is distributed based on the DL-TDoA block, each electronic device can have a unique time offset based on the start time of the DL-TDoA block. Accordingly, each electronic device can communicate with an external electronic device by setting the HUS block used by each electronic device after its unique time offset has elapsed. For example, in FIG. 5(A), when the first gate (or GATE 1) and the second gate (or GATE 2) want to perform a contactless payment with a terminal passing through the gate, the HUS block to be used by each gate can be set after their respective time offsets based on the DL-TDoA block have elapsed. The first gate may set a HUS block for the first gate after a time offset for the first gate has passed from the start time of the DL-TDoA block, and the second gate may set a HUS block for the second gate after a time offset for the second gate has passed from the start time of the DL-TDoA block. Meanwhile, the structure of the ranging block used in (A) of Fig. 5 may be, for example, the ranging block structure of (A) of Fig. 3 and (A) of Fig. 4.

[0087] FIG. 5(B) illustrates an example in which, when frequency channels for operating the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block proposed in the present disclosure are separated, multiple electronic devices (e.g., gates) set the HUS block to be used by each electronic device on the frequency channel for the HUS block (e.g., channel 5 of FIG. 5(B)). In contrast to the case of FIG. 5(A), when frequency channels for the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block are operated separately, each electronic device cannot use the DL-TDoA block as a reference point to set the HUS block. Accordingly, a time offset for setting the HUS block of another electronic device can be set based on one of the multiple electronic devices. In one example, an electronic device that serves as a reference can set a collection block for collecting information on the HUS block from another electronic device to set the time offset. A reference electronic device can transmit a triggering message (TM) to another electronic device, and receive a return message (RM) containing information about the HUS from the other electronic device in the collection block. Meanwhile, the reference gate can be referred to as a Primary GATE.

[0088] In one example, in (B) of FIG. 5, GATE 1 may be set as a Primary GATE, which is a reference point for setting a HUS block. GATE 1 may set a collection block to collect information of GATE 2 and transmit a triggering message to GATE 2. Thereafter, GATE 2 may transmit a return message including information on the length of the HUS block that GATE 2 intends to set to GATE 1 based on the triggering message received from GATE 1. Thereafter, GATE 1 may set a HUS block to be used by GATE 1 and a HUS block to be used by GATE 2 based on the received return message, and may set a time offset for GATE 2. Accordingly, GATE 2 may communicate with a terminal in the HUS block for GATE 2 after the time offset for GATE 2 has passed from the start time of the HUS block for GATE 1.

[0089] Figure 6 illustrates a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, Figure 6 illustrates a procedure for a single gate and terminal to perform contactless payment.

[0090] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the gate described in FIG. 6 has an IR (Infrared) sensor installed inside the passageway, enabling contactless payment when a terminal directly enters the gate. Conventional gates perform contactless payment when a terminal is detected through a gate access area (GAA) capable of detecting the terminal before entering the gate. In this case, contactless payment may occur between the terminal and the gate even if the terminal is positioned in front of the gate but does not enter the gate, resulting in incorrect payments. However, the gate described in the present disclosure installs an IR sensor inside the gate passageway, thereby performing contactless payment only when the terminal directly enters the gate, thereby reducing the occurrence of incorrect payments. Furthermore, by reducing the occurrence of incorrect payments, the stability of the contactless payment system can be improved.

[0091] Referring to FIG. 6, in step (A) of FIG. 6, the gate can maintain an IDLE state when a terminal is not detected by an IR (Infrared) sensor installed in the passage of the gate.

[0092] In step (B) of FIG. 6, the terminal can determine whether it has entered a channel switching area (CSA). The gate of the present disclosure can set a channel switching area so that the terminal can change from a frequency channel for a DL-TDoA block to a frequency channel for a HUS block (e.g., an UWB channel) before entering the gate. The name of the channel switching area is not limited to this and may also be referred to by other names.

[0093] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal can measure its location based on information received via a UWB anchor during a DL-TDoA block via a first UWB channel. Based on the measured location, the terminal can determine whether it has entered a channel switching area before the gate's home. The first UWB channel can represent a frequency channel for the DL-TDoA block. For example, the terminal of FIG. 6 can measure its location via UWB channel 9.

[0094] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a terminal enters a channel switching region, the terminal can change the frequency channel for transmitting and receiving signals to a frequency channel for a HUS block. The terminal can change from a first UWB channel for a DL-TDoA block to a second UWB channel for the HUS block and wait for reception of a signal transmitted from a gate. For example, the terminal of FIG. 6 can change the frequency channel from UWB channel 9 to UWB channel 5 and wait for reception of a signal from the gate if it is determined that the terminal has entered a channel switching region.

[0095] In step (C) of FIG. 6, if the entry of a terminal is detected by the IR sensor (610), the gate can set a HUS block including a contention-based ranging block. The gate can include the HUS block including the contention-based ranging block set in a frequency channel for the HUS block (e.g., UWB channel 5 of FIG. 6) in a ranging measurement message (RMM) and transmit it to the terminal. However, the configuration of the HUS block set by the gate is not limited to the contention-based ranging block, and the configuration of the HUS block can be changed depending on the entry status of the terminal or the progress of contactless payment.

[0096] Thereafter, the terminal that has received the ranging measurement message from the gate can transmit a response signal (620) including terminal information (e.g., MAC address) during the time of the contention-based ranging block included in the ranging measurement message.

[0097] In step (D) of FIG. 6, the gate that receives the response signal from the terminal in step (C) can set a HUS block including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block. The gate can include the HUS block including the DS-TWR block and the In-band block set in a frequency channel for the HUS block (e.g., UWB channel 5 of FIG. 6) in a ranging measurement message and transmit it to the terminal. However, the configuration within the HUS block set by the gate is not limited to a contention-based ranging block, and the configuration of the HUS block may be changed depending on the terminal's entry status or the progress of contactless payment.

[0098] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the gate can identify the location of a terminal within the gate by receiving a signal from the terminal in the DS-TWR block. Furthermore, the gate can perform contactless payment from the terminal in the in-band block. That is, the gate can perform a contactless payment protocol by transmitting and receiving payment signals with the terminal in the in-band block.

[0099] FIG. 7 illustrates a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 7 compares the communication procedures in a case where a gate access area (GAA) for performing contactless payment upon detecting entry of a conventional terminal is located within the inner passage of the gate (710, 730) and in a case where a channel switching area is located prior to entry of the gate proposed in the present disclosure and an IR sensor is located within the inner passage of the gate (720, 740, 750).

[0100] In the case where the gate access area described in Fig. 7 is located in the internal passage of the gate (710, 730), it is assumed that the ranging block structure of the FiRa standard is used. For example, in the case where the gate access area is located in the internal passage of the gate (710, 730), it is assumed that the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block are temporally distributed and used in one frequency channel, as in the ranging block structure of Fig. 3 (A) and Fig. 4 (A).

[0101] In addition, in the case where a channel switching area is located before the gate entry and an IR sensor is located in the inner passage of the gate (720, 740, 750), it is assumed that the frequency channels for the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block are operated separately, as in the ranging block structure of (B) to (D) of FIG. 3 and (B) of FIG. 4.

[0102] Figure 7 (A) illustrates a case where a terminal enters a gate access area located in an internal passage of a gate (710) or a case where a terminal is detected by an IR sensor installed in an internal passage of a gate (720).

[0103] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a terminal enters a gate access area located in an inner passage of a gate (710), a signal (713) detecting the entry of the terminal is transmitted and received in a DL-TDoA block, and then, after a certain period of time (e.g., time offset in FIG. 5), a HUS block including an RMM block, a contention-based ranging block, an In-band block, and a DS-TWR block may be started. The terminal and the gate may be accessed by transmitting and receiving a signal (715) in the contention-based ranging block.

[0104] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a terminal enters a channel switching area before entering a gate, the terminal can utilize a UWB channel (e.g., UWB channel 5) for a HUS block. In addition, when the terminal is detected by an IR sensor located in an internal passage of the gate (720), after transmitting and receiving a signal (723) detecting the terminal's entry, a HUS block including an RMM block and a contention-based ranging block can be started. The terminal and the gate can be accessed by transmitting and receiving a signal (725) from the contention-based ranging block.

[0105] In the case where a terminal is detected by an IR sensor located in the inner passage of the gate (720), a frequency channel for a DL-TDoA block is operated separately compared to the case where the terminal enters the gate access area located in the inner passage of the gate (710), so that an access procedure between the terminal and the gate can be performed quickly.

[0106] Figure 7 (B) illustrates a case where a contactless payment protocol is performed. In this case, it is assumed that a total of seven signals must be transmitted and received within the in-band block within the HUS block to complete the contactless payment protocol.

[0107] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when performing a contactless payment protocol using the ranging block structure of the Fira standard (730), the contactless payment protocol can be performed within the time of a fixed HUS block. If four signals can be transmitted and received in an in-band block within a fixed HUS block, two cycles of a DL-TDoA block and a HUS block may need to be performed to complete the contactless payment.

[0108] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when frequency channels for DL-TDoA blocks and HUS blocks are operated separately (740, 750), the length or configuration of the HUS block may be changed to perform a contactless payment protocol. For example, by increasing the time of an In-band block within a HUS block of one cycle, a total of seven signals may be transmitted and received, thereby completing the contactless payment protocol. (740) In addition, when using a HUS block including an In-band block of a length that allows four signals to be transmitted and received (750), for example, a contactless payment protocol may be completed in the In-band within a HUS block of two cycles.

[0109] When frequency channels for DL-TDoA blocks and HUS blocks are operated separately (740, 750), the time required for performing payment can be shortened compared to when the contactless payment protocol is performed using the ranging block structure of the Fira standard (730). For example, when the contactless payment protocol is performed using the ranging block structure of the Fira standard (730), the time required for the contactless payment protocol is 300 ms, whereas when frequency channels for DL-TDoA blocks and HUS blocks are operated separately (740, 750), the time required can be shortened to 234 ms and 235 ms, respectively.

[0110] Figure 8 illustrates a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, Figure 8 illustrates a procedure for multiple gates and terminals to perform contactless payment.

[0111] Referring to FIG. 8, in step (A) of FIG. 8, one of the gates may be set as a Primary GATE. The Primary GATE may represent the electronic device that serves as a reference as described in FIG. 5 (B). For example, GATE 1 of FIG. 8 may be set as the Primary GATE. The Primary GATE may set a collection block for collecting information from other gates and transmit a triggering message requesting information about the HUS to other gates. In one example, the triggering message may be transmitted periodically, and the collection block may be set periodically and repeated.

[0112] Afterwards, the gate of the Primary GATE can receive information about the length (start time and end time) and configuration of the HUS block that the other gate is trying to set from the collection block. At this time, the information about the length and configuration of the HUS block can be included in the return message from the collection block and received by the Primary GATE. For example, GATE 1 can receive information about the length of the HUS block that GATE 2 is trying to set from GATE 2 in the collection block.

[0113] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the Primary GATE determines that setting up the HUS block is not necessary based on the received information, only the collection block may be repeatedly monitored. For example, GATE 1 of FIG. 8 may repeatedly monitor only the collection block in a situation where no terminal is detected in GATE 1 or GATE 2.

[0114] In step (B) of FIG. 8, the terminal can determine whether it has entered a channel switching area (CSA). The gate of the present disclosure can set a channel switching area so that the terminal can change from a frequency channel for a DL-TDoA block to a frequency channel for a HUS block (e.g., an UWB channel) before entering the gate. The name of the channel switching area is not limited to this and may also be referred to by other names.

[0115] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal can measure the location of the terminal based on information received through a UWB anchor during the time of a DL-TDoA block through a first UWB channel. Based on the measured location, the terminal can determine whether it has entered a channel switching area before the gate is opened. The first UWB channel can represent a frequency channel for the DL-TDoA block (e.g., UWB channel 9). If the terminal determines that it has entered the channel switching area, it can change the frequency channel through which it transmits and receives a signal to a frequency channel for the HUS block (e.g., UWB channel 5). For example, if terminal 2 of FIG. 8 determines that it has entered the channel switching area of ​​GATE 2 based on information received from a UWB anchor in the DL-TDoA block, terminal 2 can change the channel from the frequency channel for the DL-TDoA block to the frequency channel for the HUS block.

[0116] Afterwards, the terminal that has changed to a frequency channel for the HUS block can wait to receive a signal from the gate. Subsequent operations are described in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10.

[0117] Figure 9 illustrates a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Following the procedure of Figure 8, Figure 9 illustrates a procedure in which multiple gates and terminals sequentially enter the gate to perform contactless payment.

[0118] In step (C) of Fig. 9, when terminal 2 enters, the entry of terminal 2 into the gate can be detected (913) through an IR sensor installed in the internal passage of GATE 2. At this time, GATE 2 can set a HUS block including a contention-based ranging block for access to terminal 2, and can transmit a return message (915) including information about the set HUS block to GATE 1. At this time, the return message can indicate a message transmitted from GATE 2 to GATE 1 within the collection block set by GATE 1.

[0119] Afterwards, GATE 1 can configure the HUS block to be used by each gate in a UWB channel based on the return message received from the collection block. GATE 1 can transmit a ranging measurement message including information about the configured HUS block to terminal 2. The information about the HUS block can include information about the HUS block, including the RMM block and the contention-based ranging block for GATE 2.

[0120] In one example, the ranging block structure at 910 of FIG. 9 may operate a triggering message and a collection block for two cycles on a frequency channel (e.g., UWB channel 5) for a HUS block, and GATE 1 may receive configuration information for the HUS block received from GATE 2 during the time of the collection block. Thereafter, the ranging block structure may transmit a ranging measurement message from an RMM block for GATE 1 to a terminal, a ranging measurement message from an RMM block for GATE 2 to a terminal, and configure a HUS block including a contention-based ranging block for GATE 2 in which the entry of terminal 2 is detected.

[0121] Terminal 2 can transmit a response signal (917) from a contention-based ranging block within the HUS block to GATE 2 based on the received ranging measurement message. Through this, GATE 2, into which Terminal 2 has entered, can be accessed by Terminal 2.

[0122] In step (D) of FIG. 9, a contactless payment protocol for terminal 2 may be performed at GATE 2. In addition, entry into the gate of terminal 1 may be detected (923) through an IR sensor installed in the internal passage of GATE 1.

[0123] GATE 1 can set up a collection block to collect information about the HUS block of GATE 2 and send a triggering message requesting information to GATE 2. GATE 2 can set up a HUS block including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block and send a return message (925) including information about the HUS block set in the collection block to GATE 1.

[0124] When GATE 1 detects the entry of terminal 1 through the IR sensor, it can set up a HUS block including a contention-based ranging block for access to terminal 1. At this time, the set HUS block can indicate a HUS block including a contention-based ranging block for GATE 1 in the setting for the HUS block for GATE 2 received from GATE 2.

[0125] In one example, the ranging block structure at 920 of FIG. 9 may operate a triggering message and a collection block for one cycle on a frequency channel (e.g., UWB channel 5) for a HUS block, and GATE 1 may receive configuration information for the HUS block received from GATE 2 during the time of the collection block. Thereafter, the ranging block structure may be configured with a HUS block including a ranging measurement message in an RMM block for GATE 1 and a contention-based ranging block for GATE 2. In addition, a ranging measurement message may be transmitted to a terminal in an RMM block for GATE 2, and a HUS block including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block for GATE 2 in which the entry of terminal 2 is detected may be configured.

[0126] GATE 1 can transmit a ranging measurement message including information about the HUS block set for terminal 1 to terminal 1 and terminal 2. In one example, terminal 1 can transmit a response signal (927) in a contention-based ranging block within the HUS block for GATE 1 based on the ranging measurement message received from GATE 1. Through this, terminal 1 can access GATE 1, into which terminal 1 entered. In another example, GATE 2 can confirm that the location of terminal 2 is inside GATE 2 through a signal received from terminal 2 in the DS-TWR block. In addition, payment can be completed by performing a contactless payment protocol through a signal received from terminal 2 in the In-band block.

[0127] In step (E) of FIG. 9, a contactless payment protocol for terminal 1 may be performed at GATE 1. Meanwhile, GATE 1 may set a collection block and send a triggering message to GATE 2, but may not receive a return message from GATE 2, where payment has been completed, in step (D). Accordingly, GATE 1 may not set a HUS block for GATE 2.

[0128] GATE 1 can set up a HUS block including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block, and can transmit a ranging measurement message including information about the set HUS block to Terminal 1. GATE 1 can confirm that Terminal 1 is located within GATE 1 through a signal received from Terminal 1 in the DS-TWR block. In addition, the contactless payment protocol can be performed through a signal received from Terminal 1 in the In-band block to complete the payment.

[0129] Accordingly, contactless payment for terminal 2 can be completed sequentially at GATE 2, and contactless payment for terminal 1 can be completed at GATE 1. Afterwards, GATE 1 can repeatedly set a collection block and send a triggering message to GATE 2 until a new terminal enters GATE 1 and GATE 2.

[0130] Figure 10 illustrates a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Following the procedure of Figure 8, Figure 10 illustrates a procedure for multiple gates and terminals to perform contactless payment when multiple terminals enter the gate simultaneously.

[0131] In step (C) of Fig. 10, when terminal 1 enters GATE 1 and terminal 2 enters GATE 2, the entry of the terminals can be detected (1013) through IR sensors installed in the internal passages of each gate. After detecting terminal 2 through the IR sensor, GATE 2 can set a HUS block including a contention-based ranging block and transmit a return message (1015) including information about the set HUS block to GATE 1. At this time, the return message can indicate a message transmitted from GATE 2 to GATE 1 within the collection block set by GATE 1.

[0132] GATE 1 can detect terminal 1 through the IR sensor and, based on the return message received from GATE 2, can set up a HUS block with a contention-based ranging block added to be used by GATE 1, including a HUS block for GATE 2. GATE 1 can transmit a ranging measurement message including information about the set HUS block to terminal 1 and terminal 2.

[0133] Thereafter, terminal 1 can transmit a response signal (1017) to the contention-based ranging block for GATE 1 based on the ranging measurement message received from GATE 1. In addition, terminal 2 can transmit a response signal (1019) to the contention-based ranging block for GATE 2 based on the ranging measurement message received from GATE 1.

[0134] Accordingly, GATE 1 can be accessed with terminal 1, and GATE 2 can be accessed with terminal 2.

[0135] In one example, the ranging block structure at 1010 of FIG. 10 may operate a triggering message and a collection block for one cycle on a frequency channel (e.g., UWB channel 5) for a HUS block, and GATE 1 may receive configuration information for the HUS block received from GATE 2 during the time of the collection block. Afterwards, the ranging block structure may be configured with a HUS block including a ranging measurement message in an RMM block for GATE 1 and a contention-based ranging block for GATE 1. In addition, a ranging measurement message may be transmitted to a terminal in an RMM block for GATE 2, and a HUS block including a contention-based ranging block for GATE 2 may be configured.

[0136] In step (D) of FIG. 10, a contactless payment protocol for terminal 1 may be performed at GATE 1, and a contactless payment protocol for terminal 2 may be performed at GATE 2.

[0137] GATE 1 can set up a collection block to collect information about the HUS block of GATE 2 and send a triggering message requesting information to GATE 2. GATE 2 can set up a HUS block for GATE 2 that includes a DS-TWR block and an In-band block, and send a return message (1021) to GATE 1 that includes information about the HUS block for GATE 2 set in the collection block.

[0138] GATE 1 can receive a return message (1021) from GATE 2. In addition, GATE 1 can configure a HUS block for GATE 1, which includes a DS-TWR block and an In-band block for GATE 1 to use, including a HUS block for GATE 2. GATE 1 can transmit a ranging measurement message including information about the configured HUS block to terminal 1 and terminal 2.

[0139] Afterwards, GATE 1 can confirm that the location of terminal 1 is inside GATE 1 through the signal received from terminal 1 in the DS-TWR block. In addition, the payment can be completed by performing the contactless payment protocol through the signal received from terminal 1 in the In-band block. In addition, GATE 2 can confirm that the location of terminal 2 is inside GATE 2 through the signal received from terminal 2 in the DS-TWR block, and can complete the payment by performing the contactless payment protocol through the signal received from terminal 2 in the In-band block.

[0140] In one example, the ranging block structure at 1020 of FIG. 10 may operate a triggering message and a collection block for one cycle on a frequency channel (e.g., UWB channel 5) for a HUS block, and GATE 1 may receive configuration information for the HUS block received from GATE 2 during the time of the collection block. Thereafter, the ranging block structure may be configured with a HUS block including a ranging measurement message in an RMM block for GATE 1, a DS-TWR block for GATE 1, and an In-band block. In addition, a ranging measurement message may be transmitted to a terminal in an RMM block for GATE 2, and a HUS block including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block for GATE 2 may be configured.

[0141] FIG. 11 illustrates a communication procedure between a plurality of gates and terminals according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 11 illustrates a procedure ((A) of FIG. 11) in which a plurality of gates and terminals perform contactless payment when a DL-TDoA block and a HUS block operate on one frequency channel according to the FiRa standard, and a procedure ((B) of FIG. 11) in which a plurality of gates and terminals perform contactless payment when the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block proposed in the present disclosure operate on different frequency channels.

[0142] Figures 11 (A) and (B) assume that a total of 7 signals must be transmitted and received to complete contactless payment between a terminal and a gate in an in-band block.

[0143] Referring to (A) of FIG. 11, when terminal 2 enters GATE 2, after the block time of DL-TDoA expires, the first HUS block (1105) of GATE 1 and the first HUS block (1110) of GATE 2 may be sequentially performed. For example, when operating a DL-TDoA block and HUS blocks for multiple GATEs in one frequency channel as in (A) of FIG. 5, blocks of a fixed order and length may be performed.

[0144] First, the first HUS block (1105) of GATE 1 may be performed. If the entry of terminal 1 into GATE 1 is detected while the in-band block of the first HUS block (1105) is being performed, the time for the contention-based ranging block for accessing terminal 1 and GATE 1 has expired, so the next HUS block of GATE 1 may be waited for.

[0145] When the first HUS block (1110) of GATE 2 is in progress, since the entry of terminal 2 is detected in GATE 2 before the first HUS block (1110) is in progress, GATE 2 and terminal 2 can be accessed in the contention-based ranging block. Thereafter, contactless payment between GATE 2 and terminal 2 can be performed in the In-band block within the first HUS block (1110) of GATE 2. A total of four signals for contactless payment can be transmitted and received in one In-band block within the first HUS block (1110) of GATE 2.

[0146] When the second HUS block (1115) of GATE 1 is in progress, since the entry of terminal 1 is detected in GATE 1 before the second HUS block (1115) is in progress, GATE 1 and terminal 1 can be accessed in the contention-based ranging block. Thereafter, contactless payment between GATE 1 and terminal 1 can be performed in the In-band block within the second HUS block (1115) of GATE 1. A total of four signals for contactless payment can be transmitted and received in one In-band block within the second HUS block (1115) of GATE 1.

[0147] When the second HUS block (1120) of GATE 2 is in progress, signals for contactless payment are transmitted and received three times in the in-band block within the second HUS block (1120), so that payment for terminal 2 can be completed. In one example, it may take 700 ms when payment for terminal 2 is completed.

[0148] When the third HUS block (1125) of GATE 1 is in progress, signals for contactless payment are transmitted and received three times in the in-band block within the third HUS block (1125), so that payment for terminal 1 can be completed. In one example, it may take 900 ms for payment for terminal 1 to be completed.

[0149] Afterwards, the third HUS block (1130) of GATE 2 is executed, and since payment for terminal 2 has been completed in GATE 2, signal reception can be waited for until a new terminal enters.

[0150] As above, when terminal 2 enters GATE 2 and terminal 1 sequentially enters GATE 1, it may take a total of 900 ms for contactless payment to be completed. When contactless payment for terminals is performed at GATE 1 and GATE 2 as shown in (A) of Fig. 11, since a fixed-length DL-TDoA, a HUS block of GATE 1, and a HUS block of GATE 2 must be performed on one frequency channel (e.g., a UWB channel), it may take a considerable amount of time for contactless payment to be completed.

[0151] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to (B) of FIG. 11, GATE 1 may be set as the Primary GATE. GATE 1 may set a collection block to receive information about the HUS block from GATE 2, and may transmit a triggering message to GATE 2.

[0152] When terminal 2 enters GATE 2, GATE 2 can set up a first HUS block (1135) for GATE 2 and send a return message including information about the first HUS block (1135) set up for GATE 1 from the collection block. GATE 1 can proceed with the first HUS block (1135) of GATE 2 based on the return message received from GATE 2. GATE 2 and terminal 2 can be accessed in the contention-based ranging block within the first HUS block (1135) of GATE 2.

[0153] Thereafter, if the entry of terminal 1 is detected in GATE 1 while the collection block set by GATE 1 is in progress, GATE 1 may set the first HUS block (1140) of GATE 1 including a contention-based ranging block for terminal 1, and additionally set the second HUS block (1145) for GATE 2. At this time, the second HUS block (1145) for GATE 2 may increase the length of the In-band block so that contactless payment can be completed within the second HUS block. When the first HUS block (1140) of GATE 1 is in progress, GATE 1 and terminal 1 can be accessed in the contention-based ranging block. In addition, contactless payment between GATE 1 and terminal 1 can be completed in the In-band block within the second HUS block (1145) of GATE 2. A contactless payment can be completed by transmitting and receiving a total of seven signals in one in-band block within the second HUS block (1145) of GATE 2. When payment for terminal 2 is completed in GATE 2, it may take 255 ms.

[0154] After payment for terminal 2 is completed, GATE 1 may not receive a return message for the HUS block from GATE 2 until a new terminal enters GATE 2, even if it sends a triggering message to GATE 2. Accordingly, GATE 1 may only set up the second HUS block (1150) including the In-band block for contactless payment for terminal 1. After that, a total of 7 signals may be transmitted and received in one In-band block within the second HUS block (1150) of GATE 1 to complete the contactless payment. When payment for terminal 1 is completed in GATE 1, it may take 480 ms. For reference, (B) of FIG. 11 is the same as the procedure for performing contactless payment between multiple gates and terminals in FIGS. 8 and 9, for example.

[0155] When contactless payments are made to terminals at GATE 1 and GATE 2, as shown in (B) of FIG. 11, frequency channels (not shown) for the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block are operated separately, allowing the length and configuration of the HUS block to be flexibly changed. Accordingly, contactless payments can be made more quickly than in the case of (A) of FIG. 11, and the size and configuration of the HUS block can be changed depending on the terminal's entry into the GATE, thereby increasing time efficiency. Furthermore, since the HUS block can fully utilize one frequency channel, the available time resources can be increased.

[0156] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating a communication procedure between a gate and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 12 assumes that, as in Figure 6, a single terminal enters a single gate and a contactless payment is made, and that frequency channels for the DL-TDoA block and the HUS block are operated separately.

[0157] At step 1205, the terminal can measure its location based on signals transmitted and received during the DL-TDoA block time through the first UWB channel. At this time, the signals transmitted and received during the DL-TDoA block time may represent information received through the UWB anchor. Meanwhile, the first UWB channel may represent a frequency channel for the DL-TDoA block.

[0158] In step 1210, the terminal may repeatedly measure the position of the terminal in step 1205 to determine whether the terminal has entered a channel switching region. The channel switching region may refer to a region where the terminal changes from a first UWB channel for a DL-TDoA block to a second UWB channel for a HUS block before entering the gate.

[0159] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a terminal enters a channel switching region, the terminal may change the frequency channel for transmitting and receiving signals to a second UWB channel, which is a frequency channel for a HUS block. For example, the terminal of FIG. 6 may, when it determines that the terminal has entered a channel switching region, change the frequency channel from the first UWB channel to the second UWB channel and wait for reception of a signal from the gate.

[0160] At step 1215, the gate can detect the entry of a terminal through an IR sensor installed in the gate's internal passage. If the terminal passes through the channel switching area and enters the gate, the gate can detect the terminal's entry through the IR sensor.

[0161] At step 1220, the gate may set a first HUS block, including a contention-based ranging block, if the IR sensor detects the entry of a terminal. The contention-based ranging block may indicate a time interval during which the gate and terminal can transmit and receive signals to gain access. However, the configuration or length of the first HUS block set by the gate may change depending on the terminal's entry status or the progress of the contactless payment.

[0162] At step 1225, the gate can transmit to the terminal a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including a first HUS block including a contention-based ranging block set on the first UWB channel.

[0163] At step 1230, the terminal may transmit a first response signal including terminal information (e.g., MAC address) during the time of the contention-based ranging block included in the first ranging measurement message received from the gate.

[0164] At step 1235, the gate receiving the first response signal may configure a second HUS block, including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block. The DS-TWR block may indicate a time interval during which the terminal's position within the gate can be detected, and the In-band block may indicate a time interval during which the gate and terminal can perform contactless payment.

[0165] At step 1240, the gate can transmit to the terminal a second ranging measurement message including a second HUS block including the set DS-TWR block and the In-band block on the first UWB channel.

[0166] At step 1245, the terminal may transmit a second response signal containing information that can determine the terminal's location during the DS-TWR block based on the second ranging measurement message received from the gate. Additionally, the terminal may transmit information (such as authentication information and information about a payment method) for performing contactless payment with the gate during the in-band block by including the second response signal.

[0167] At step 1250, contactless payment can be performed by transmitting and receiving signals between the terminal and the gate during the time of the In-band block within the second HUS block.

[0168]

[0169] FIG. 13 illustrates the operation of an electronic device for performing contactless payment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0170] The 'electronic device' described in FIG. 13 may represent the GATE described in FIGS. 6 to 10. The first electronic device may represent GATE 1 described in FIGS. 8 to 10. In one example, the first electronic device may represent a gate that is set as a Primary GATE when there are multiple gate devices, transmits a triggering message to the remaining gates, and receives a return message in response thereto. In addition, the second electronic device may represent GATE 2 described in FIGS. 8 to 10. In one example, the second electronic device may represent a gate that receives a triggering message from a first electronic device set as a Primary GATE when there are multiple gate devices, and transmits a return message in response thereto.

[0171] At step 1310, the first electronic device may transmit a first ranging measurement message to the terminal, the first ranging measurement message including information about a first HUS block including a contention-based ranging block. Meanwhile, the first ranging measurement message may be transmitted on a UWB frequency channel for the HUS block (e.g., the second UWB frequency channel of FIG. 12 ).

[0172] In one example, a first electronic device can identify the entry of a terminal through an IR sensor installed in an inner passage of a gate. Based on the entry of the terminal, the first electronic device can set a first HUS block including a contention-based ranging block. Information about the first HUS block can include information about the contention-based ranging block set by the first electronic device. For example, in step (C) of FIG. 6, when the first electronic device (e.g., a gate) detects (610) the entry of a terminal through the IR sensor, it can set a HUS block including a contention-based ranging block. Thereafter, the first electronic device can transmit information about the HUS block including the contention-based ranging block to the terminal as a ranging measurement message. Meanwhile, the contention-based ranging block can indicate a time interval during which the first electronic device and the terminal transmit and receive signals to perform an access procedure.

[0173] At step 1320, the first electronic device may receive a first response signal including a MAC address from the terminal during the time period of the contention-based ranging block. For example, the first electronic device (e.g., a gate) of step (C) of FIG. 6 may receive a response signal (620) from the terminal during the time period of the contention-based ranging block.

[0174] At step 1330, the first electronic device may configure a second HUS block including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block based on the first response signal received from the terminal. The first electronic device may transmit a second ranging measurement message including information about the configured second HUS block to the terminal. The DS-TWR block may indicate a time period during which the location of the terminal within the first electronic device can be detected, and the In-band block may indicate a time period during which the first electronic device and the terminal can perform contactless payment.

[0175] For example, in step (D) of FIG. 6, GATE 1, which has received a response signal from the terminal, may set up a HUS block including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block. The gate may include the HUS block including the DS-TWR block and the In-band block set up in a frequency channel for the HUS block (e.g., UWB channel 5 of FIG. 6) in a ranging measurement message and transmit it to the terminal. However, the configuration within the HUS block set by the first electronic device is not limited to a contention-based ranging block, and the configuration of the HUS block may be changed depending on the entry status of the terminal or the progress status of contactless payment.

[0176] In step 1340, the first electronic device may receive a plurality of second response signals from the terminal in the DW-TWR block and the In-band block. The plurality of second response signals may include a second response signal including information that allows the terminal to determine the location of the terminal during the time of the DS-TWR block. In addition, the plurality of second response signals may include a second response signal including information (authentication information, information about a payment method, etc.) for the terminal to perform contactless payment with the gate during the time of the In-band block. For example, in step (D) of FIG. 6, the first electronic device may receive a response signal from the terminal in the DS-TWR block to determine the location of the terminal within the gate. In addition, the first electronic device may receive a response signal for performing contactless payment from the terminal in the In-band block.

[0177] At step 1350, the first electronic device can perform a contactless payment with the terminal based on the plurality of second response signals received from the terminal. The first electronic device can complete the contactless payment with the terminal during the time of the in-band block within the second HUS block.

[0178] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device may include a second electronic device in addition to a first electronic device. For example, multiple gates (or multi-gates) of GATE 1 and GATE 2 may exist. When multiple gates exist, a time offset for setting a HUS block of another gate may be set based on one gate. The time offset may be information that instructs a gate (e.g., the second electronic device) other than a reference gate (e.g., the first electronic device) to communicate with a terminal after the time indicated by the time offset has expired. In other words, it may be information that instructs each gate the start time of a HUS block for communicating with a terminal.

[0179] In one example, a reference gate (e.g., a first electronic device) may set up a collection block to collect information about a HUS block from another gate (e.g., a second electronic device) to set a time offset. The reference gate may send a triggering message (TM) to the other gate, and the collection block may receive a return message (RM) containing information about the HUS from the other gate. Meanwhile, the reference gate may be referred to as a Primary GATE.

[0180] For example, in (B) of FIG. 5, GATE 1 can be set as a Primary GATE, which is a reference point for setting a HUS block. GATE 1 can set a collection block to collect information of GATE 2 and send a triggering message to GATE 2. Thereafter, GATE 2 can send a return message including information on the length of the HUS block that GATE 2 is to set to GATE 1 based on the triggering message received from GATE 1. Thereafter, GATE 1 can set a HUS block to be used by GATE 1 and a HUS block to be used by GATE 2 based on the received return message, and set a time offset for GATE 2. Accordingly, GATE 2 can communicate with a terminal in the HUS block for GATE 2 after the time offset for GATE 2 has passed from the start time of the HUS block for GATE 1.

[0181] FIG. 14 illustrates the operation of a terminal for performing contactless payment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The "electronic device" described in FIG. 14 may represent the GATE described in FIGS. 6 to 10 .

[0182] At step 1410, the terminal can identify its location based on DL-TDoA on the first UWB channel. The first UWB channel can represent a frequency channel for the DL-TDoA block. The terminal can indicate that the signals transmitted and received during the DL-TDoA block represent information received via the UWB anchor.

[0183] The terminal can repeatedly measure the terminal's position in the DL-TDoA block to determine whether the terminal has entered a channel switching region. The channel switching region may represent an area where the terminal changes from a first UWB channel for the DL-TDoA block to a second UWB channel for the HUS block before entering the gate.

[0184] When the terminal enters the channel switching region, the terminal can change the frequency channel for transmitting and receiving signals to the second UWB channel, which is the frequency channel for the HUS block. For example, in step (B) of FIG. 6 or step 1210 of FIG. 12, if the terminal determines that the terminal has entered the channel switching region, the terminal can change the frequency channel from the first UWB channel to the second UWB channel and wait for reception of the gate signal.

[0185] At step 1420, the terminal may receive a first ranging measurement message including information about a first HUS block including a contention-based ranging block on a second UWB channel from an electronic device.

[0186] At step 1430, the terminal may transmit a first response signal containing information of the terminal (e.g., MAC address) from the contention-based ranging block to the electronic device.

[0187] At step 1440, the terminal may receive a second ranging measurement message from the electronic device, which includes information about a second HUS block including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block on a second UWB channel. The DS-TWR block may indicate a time interval during which the position of the terminal within the electronic device can be detected, and the In-band block may indicate a time interval during which the electronic device and the terminal can perform contactless payment.

[0188] At step 1450, the terminal may transmit multiple second response signals to the electronic device based on the second ranging measurement message received from the gate. The second response signals may include information that can determine the terminal's location during the DS-TWR block. Additionally, the terminal may transmit the second response signals, including information for performing contactless payment with the gate (such as authentication information and information about the payment method), during the in-band block.

[0189] At step 1460, the terminal and the gate can transmit and receive signals to perform contactless payment during the time of the In-band block within the second HUS block.

[0190] FIG. 15 is a block diagram briefly illustrating the configuration of an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0191] Referring to FIG. 15, an electronic device (1500) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a communication circuit (1510), an antenna module (1511), a memory (1520), and a processor (1530). However, the configuration of the electronic device (1500) is not limited thereto, and may include only some of the above-described components of FIG. 15, or may further include at least one or more other components (e.g., an input module (150), a display module (160)) in addition to the above-described components. In one embodiment, the electronic device (1500) may correspond to the electronic device (101) of FIG. 1. The electronic device (1500) of FIG. 15 may include components that are identical or similar to at least one of the components (e.g., modules) of the electronic device (101) of FIG. 1. Accordingly, the communication circuit (1510) may correspond to the communication module (190) or the wireless communication module (192) of FIG. 1, and the antenna module (1511) may correspond to the antenna module (197) of FIG. 1. In addition, the memory (1520) and the processor (1530) may correspond to the memory (130) and the processor (120) of FIG. 1, and when the electronic device (200) further includes other components, the other components may also correspond to the components of FIG. 1.

[0192] The communication circuit (1510) may support wireless communication between the electronic device (1500) and an external electronic device. For example, the communication circuit (1510) may transmit and receive signals and / or data with the external electronic device using a frequency band supported by wireless communication according to a prescribed wireless communication protocol. In one embodiment, the communication circuit (1510) may communicate with the external electronic device via a short-range wireless communication network such as ultra-wideband (UWB), Bluetooth, low-power Bluetooth, wireless fidelity (WiFi) direct, or infrared data association (IrDA). In one embodiment, the communication circuit (1510) may operate independently from the processor (1430) and may include one or more communication processors that support wireless communication. In one embodiment, the communication circuit (1510) may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication module.

[0193] In one embodiment, the communication circuit (210) may include an UWB module. UWB is a wireless communication technology that uses a bandwidth of 500 MHz or more according to the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, and can be used to measure accurate distances and angles due to its characteristic of using a wide frequency band. UWB may also refer to the band itself to which UWB communication is applied. The IEEE 802.15.4z standard has enhanced security and increased usability by introducing a scrambled timestamp sequence (STS) function that prevents external attackers from accessing or manipulating UWB communication at the physical layer. Using UWB technology, safe and accurate distance measurement between devices is possible, and thereby the relative position of the electronic device (1500) can be determined or the absolute position of the electronic device (1500) can be determined based on the distance from fixed devices.

[0194] The antenna module (1511) may include a plurality of antennas, and at least one antenna suitable for a communication method used in a communication network (e.g., the first network (198) of FIG. 1) may be selected from the plurality of antennas by the communication circuit (1510).

[0195] The memory (1520) can store various information for the operation of the electronic device (1500). The information stored in the memory (1520) can include, for example, input data or output data for software and commands related thereto. In one embodiment, the information stored in the memory (1520) can include at least one instruction for an operation to transmit additional data. The instruction can correspond to the program (140) of FIG. 1. The instruction can be executed through the processor (1530), and by executing the instructions by the processor (1530), the electronic device (1500) can perform operations according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The memory (1520) can include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory.

[0196] The processor (1530) may control at least one other component (e.g., hardware or software component) of the electronic device (1500) and perform various data processing or calculations. As at least a part of the data processing or calculation, the processor (1530) may load a command or data received from another component (e.g., communication circuit (1510)) into the memory (1520), process the command or data stored in the memory (1520), and store the resulting data in the memory (1520).

[0197] As described above, a method performed by a first electronic device performing ultra wide band (UWB) communication according to various embodiments disclosed in the present document includes the steps of transmitting, to a terminal, a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information on a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention based ranging block (CBRB), receiving a first response signal including a MAC address from the terminal in the contention based ranging block and performing an access procedure with the terminal, transmitting, to the terminal, a second ranging measurement message including information on a second HUS block, receiving a plurality of second response signals from the terminal in the second HUS block, and performing tagless communication with the terminal based on the plurality of second response signals, wherein the second HUS block may include a double sided two way ranging (DS-TWR) block and an in-band block.

[0198] According to various embodiments disclosed in the present document, the step of transmitting the first ranging measurement message includes the step of identifying the entry of the terminal through an infrared (IR) sensor and, based on the identification, setting the first HUS block including a contention-based ranging block, and the step of transmitting the second ranging measurement message may set the second HUS block including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block based on the first response signal.

[0199] According to various embodiments disclosed in the present document, the method may include the steps of transmitting a triggering message to a second electronic device, receiving a return message from the second electronic device in response to the triggering message, the return message including information about a third HUS block to be set by the second electronic device, setting the third HUS block of the first electronic device based on the return message, and setting a time offset associated with the second electronic device.

[0200] According to various embodiments disclosed in the present document, the method further comprises the step of transmitting a third ranging measurement message including a time offset to the second electronic device, wherein the time offset can instruct the second electronic device to communicate with the terminal after a time indicated by the time offset has expired.

[0201] According to various embodiments disclosed in this document, the plurality of second response signals may include a third response signal for confirming the location of the terminal received from the DS-TWR block and a fourth response signal for performing contactless payment with the terminal received from the In-band block.

[0202] According to various embodiments disclosed in this document, at least one of the length of the CBRB, the length of the DS-TWR block, or the length of the In-band block may be variable, and the order of the CBRB, the DS-TWR block, and the In-band block included in the first HUS block or the second HUS block may be variable.

[0203] As described above, the method of operating a terminal (user equipment) performing ultra wide band (UWB) communication according to various embodiments disclosed in the present document includes the steps of identifying the location of the terminal based on DL-TDoA (downlink time difference of arrival) in a first UWB channel, receiving, from an electronic device, a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information on a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention-based ranging block (CBRB) in a second UWB channel, transmitting a first response signal including a MAC address to the electronic device in the contention-based ranging block, receiving, from the electronic device, a second ranging measurement message including information on a second HUS block in a second UWB channel, transmitting a plurality of second response signals to the electronic device in the second HUS block, and performing a tagless payment with the electronic device, wherein the second HUS block comprises a DS-TWR (double-sided two way radio link) ranging) blocks and in-band blocks.

[0204] According to various embodiments disclosed in this document, the method may include a step of switching a receiving channel from a first UWB channel to a second UWB channel when the location of the terminal is identified as a channel switching area.

[0205] According to various embodiments disclosed in the present document, the plurality of second response signals may include a third response signal for confirming the location of the terminal by the electronic device transmitted from the DS-TWR block and a fourth response signal for performing contactless payment with the terminal by the electronic device transmitted from the In-band block, and the first ranging measurement message may be transmitted by the electronic device when the entry of the terminal is identified by an IR sensor included in the electronic device.

[0206] As described above, a first electronic device performing ultra wide band (UWB) communication according to various embodiments disclosed in the present document includes at least one transceiver and a controller coupled with the at least one transceiver, wherein the controller is configured to transmit, to a terminal, a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information on a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention based ranging block (CBRB), receive a first response signal including a MAC address from the contention based ranging block from the terminal to perform an access procedure with the terminal, transmit, to the terminal, a second ranging measurement message including information on a second HUS block, receive a plurality of second response signals from the second HUS block from the terminal, and perform a tagless payment with the terminal based on the plurality of second response signals, wherein the second HUS block may include a double sided two way ranging (DS-TWR) block and an in-band block.

[0207] According to various embodiments disclosed in the present document, the controller may be configured to identify the entry of the terminal through an infrared (IR) sensor, and, based on the identification, set a first HUS block including a contention-based ranging block to transmit a first ranging measurement message, and, based on a first response signal, set a second HUS block including a DS-TWR block and an In-band block to transmit a second ranging measurement message.

[0208] According to various embodiments disclosed in the present document, the controller may be configured to transmit a triggering message to a second electronic device, receive a return message from the second electronic device in response to the triggering message, the return message including information about a third HUS block to be set by the second electronic device, set the third HUS block of the first electronic device based on the return message, and set a time offset associated with the second electronic device.

[0209] According to various embodiments disclosed in this document, the controller is configured to transmit a third ranging measurement message including a time offset to the second electronic device, wherein the time offset can instruct the second electronic device to communicate with the terminal after the time indicated by the time offset has expired.

[0210] According to various embodiments disclosed in this document, the plurality of second response signals may include a third response signal for confirming the location of the terminal received from the DS-TWR block and a fourth response signal for performing contactless payment with the terminal received from the In-band block.

[0211] As described above, a user equipment performing ultra wide band (UWB) communication according to various embodiments disclosed in the present document includes at least one transceiver and a controller coupled with the at least one transceiver, wherein the controller identifies a location of the user equipment based on a downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDoA) in a first UWB channel, receives, from an electronic device, a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information about a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention-based ranging block (CBRB) in a second UWB channel, transmits a first response signal including a MAC address to the electronic device in the contention-based ranging block, receives, from the electronic device, a second ranging measurement message including information about a second HUS block in a second UWB channel, transmits a plurality of second response signals to the electronic device in the second HUS block, and performs tagless communication with the electronic device. It is set to perform a payment, and the second HUS block may include a double sided two way ranging (DS-TWR) block and an in-band block.

[0212] Meanwhile, the embodiments of the present invention disclosed in this specification and drawings are merely specific examples presented to easily explain the technical content of the present invention and facilitate understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In other words, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical concept of the present invention are possible. Furthermore, the above-described embodiments can be combined and operated as needed.

Claims

1. A method performed by a first electronic device performing UWB (ultra wide band) communication, A step of transmitting, to a terminal, a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information about a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention based ranging block (CBRB); A step of receiving a first response signal including a MAC address in the contention-based ranging block from the terminal and performing an access procedure with the terminal; A step of transmitting a second ranging measurement message including information about a second HUS block to the terminal; A step of receiving a plurality of second response signals from the second HUS block from the terminal; and Comprising a step of performing non-contact (tagless) communication with the terminal based on the plurality of second response signals, A method wherein the second HUS block includes a DS-TWR (double sided two way ranging) block and an In-band block.

2. In claim 1, The step of transmitting the first ranging measurement message is: A step of identifying the entry of the terminal through an IR (infrared) sensor; and Based on the above identification, comprising a step of setting the first HUS block including the competition-based ranging block, The step of transmitting the second ranging measurement message is: A method comprising the step of setting the second HUS block including the DS-TWR block and the In-band block based on the first response signal.

3. In claim 1, the method comprises: A step of transmitting a triggering message to a second electronic device; A step of receiving a return message from the second electronic device, the return message including information about a third HUS block to be set by the second electronic device in response to the triggering message; A step of setting a third HUS block based on the above return message; and A method comprising the step of setting a time offset associated with the second electronic device.

4. In claim 3, the method comprises: further comprising the step of transmitting a third ranging measurement message including the time offset to the second electronic device; The above time offset is a method for instructing the second electronic device to communicate with the terminal after the time indicated by the time offset has expired.

5. In claim 1, The above plurality of second response signals are, A method comprising a third response signal for confirming the location of the terminal received from the DS-TWR block and a fourth response signal for performing contactless payment with the terminal received from the In-band block.

6. In claim 1, At least one of the length of the CBRB, the length of the DS-TWR block, or the length of the In-band block is variable, A method, characterized in that the order of the CBRB, the DS-TWR block, and the In-band block included in the first HUS block or the second HUS block is variable.

7. In the operation method of a terminal (user equipment) performing UWB (ultra wide band) communication, A step of identifying the location of the terminal based on downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDoA) in the first UWB channel; A step of receiving a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information about a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention based ranging block (CBRB) in a second UWB channel from an electronic device; A step of transmitting a first response signal including a MAC address from the contention-based ranging block to the electronic device; A step of receiving a second ranging measurement message including information about a second HUS block on the second UWB channel from the electronic device; a step of transmitting a plurality of second response signals from the second HUS block to the electronic device; and Comprising a step of performing a contactless (tagless) payment with the electronic device, A method wherein the second HUS block includes a DS-TWR (double sided two way ranging) block and an In-band block.

8. In claim 7, the method comprises: A method comprising the step of switching a receiving channel from the first UWB channel to the second UWB channel when the location of the terminal is identified as a channel switching area.

9. In claim 7, The plurality of second response signals include a third response signal for confirming the location of the terminal by the electronic device transmitted from the DS-TWR block and a fourth response signal for performing contactless payment with the terminal by the electronic device transmitted from the In-band block, A method, wherein the first ranging measurement message is transmitted by the electronic device when the entry of the terminal is identified by an IR sensor included in the electronic device.

10. In a first electronic device performing UWB (ultra wide band) communication, at least one transceiver; and A controller coupled with at least one transceiver, The above controller, Transmitting to the terminal a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information about a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention based ranging block (CBRB), Receive a first response signal including a MAC address from the contention-based ranging block from the terminal and perform an access procedure with the terminal, Transmitting to the terminal a second ranging measurement message including information about a second HUS block, From the above terminal, a plurality of second response signals are received from the second HUS block, It is set to perform a tagless payment with the terminal based on the plurality of second response signals, A device wherein the second HUS block includes a DS-TWR (double sided two way ranging) block and an In-band block.

11. In claim 10, the controller, Identify the entry of the terminal through the IR (infrared) sensor, Based on the above identification, the first HUS block including the contention-based ranging block is set to transmit the first ranging measurement message, A device configured to transmit the second ranging measurement message by setting the second HUS block including the DS-TWR block and the In-band block based on the first response signal.

12. In claim 10, the controller, Transmitting a triggering message to the second electronic device, In response to the triggering message from the second electronic device, the second electronic device receives a return message containing information about a third HUS block to be set; Set up the third HUS block based on the above return message, A device configured to set a time offset associated with said electronic device.

13. In claim 12, the controller, is set to transmit a third ranging measurement message including the time offset to the second electronic device; The above time offset is a device that instructs the second electronic device to communicate with the terminal after the time indicated by the time offset has expired.

14. In claim 10, The above plurality of second response signals are, A device comprising a third response signal for confirming the location of the terminal received from the DS-TWR block and a fourth response signal for performing contactless payment with the terminal received from the In-band block.

15. In a terminal (user equipment) performing UWB (ultra wide band) communication, at least one transceiver; and A controller coupled with at least one transceiver, The above controller, Identify the location of the terminal based on DL-TDoA (downlink time difference of arrival) in the first UWB channel, Receive a first ranging measurement message (RMM) including information about a first hybrid UWB session (HUS) block including a contention based ranging block (CBRB) in a second UWB channel from an electronic device, Transmitting a first response signal including a MAC address from the contention-based ranging block to the electronic device, From the electronic device, a second ranging measurement message is received, the second ranging measurement message including information about a second HUS block in the second UWB channel; Transmitting a plurality of second response signals from the second HUS block to the electronic device, The above electronic device is set to perform contactless (tagless) payment, The second HUS block is a terminal including a DS-TWR (double sided two way ranging) block and an In-band block.

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