Counterweight consisting of plastic and heavy concrete components and related production method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a counterweight consisting of plastic and heavy concrete components as an alternative to cast iron, ductile iron and steel moulds, and to a production method for said counterweight.

Description

[0001] COUNTERWEIGHT CONSISTING OF PLASTIC AND HEAVY CONCRETE COMPONENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF

[0002] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0003] The present invention relates to counterweights used in sectors that currently require cast weights, such as tractors and agricultural machinery.

[0004] In particular, the present invention relates to a counterweight consisting of a plastic mould and heavy concrete components filled into said plastic mould as an alternative to cast iron, ductile iron and steel moulds, which are used in the front and rear areas of tractors or other agricultural machines by being connected in accordance with the design of the manufacturers, and a production method developed for said counterweight.

[0005] PRIOR ART

[0006] Currently, especially in tractors and agricultural machinery, counterweights called balance weights are mounted on the front and rear of the vehicle according to the terrain conditions and the operations to be applied to the terrain. In this way, the balance of the tractor or agricultural machine can be ensured according to variable terrain and load conditions and the location of the centre of gravity can be adjusted as desired. Currently, counterweights are produced as cast iron and ductile iron. Due to the high raw material costs of pig steel, the product costs of the existing counterweights are also quite high. In addition, the preparation of different casting moulds for each counterweight for the casting process is another factor that increases the cost.

[0007] In the state of the art, a counterweight consisting of steel and heavy concrete components is used as an alternative to cast iron and ductile iron. However, due to the steel material used as an alternative to cast iron and ductile iron, the counterweight cost is high. Therefore, the need for a casting mould produced at a lower cost instead of steel in the known state of the art arose.

[0008] In the research conducted in the literature, the utility model application with the publication number CN203221829U can be given as an example of the known state of the art. In the mentioned document, a counterweight made entirely of concrete is described.

[0009] In the utility model certificate with publication number CN2671834Y, a concrete weight with reinforced concrete structure is disclosed. Said concrete structure is manufactured from cement reinforced with fiber material. It is connected to the wheel by screwing through the openings provided on the concrete weight.

[0010] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0011] The object of the present invention is to develop a counterweight consisting of plastic and heavy concrete components as an alternative to cast iron and ductile iron and steel moulds, and a production method for said counterweight.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to reduce the cost of the product with the counterweight consisting of plastic and heavy concrete components and to contribute to the national economy.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to ensure the recovery of raw materials by using recycling materials in the heavy concrete mixture used in the counterweight.

[0014] The object of the present invention is to reduce the carbon footprint by using plastic and heavy concrete components as an alternative to cast iron, ductile iron and steel moulds.

[0015] The object of the present invention is to provide a more aesthetic product surface produced with plastic and heavy concrete components as an alternative to cast iron, ductile iron and steel moulds.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to reduce process and mould costs by eliminating the casting / steel mould manufacturing required for counterweights made of cast iron and ductile iron or steel moulds.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to reduce production costs and time by eliminating the welding process required in moulds made of steel sheets.

[0018] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a work flow diagram of the production method of the inventive counterweight.

[0020] REFERENCE NUMBERS GIVEN IN THE FIGURES

[0021] 101. Forming plastic outer shells by injection molding / vacuum / blowing / hand lay-up

[0022] 102. Heavy concrete production

[0023] 103. Filling of heavy concrete into plastic outer shell

[0024] 104. Curing 105. Optional paint preparation and painting of the product

[0025] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] The present invention relates to a counterweight consisting of plastic and heavy concrete components as an alternative to cast iron, ductile iron and steel moulds, and to a production method for said counterweight.

[0027] The counterweight of the invention comprises 10-60% by weight of plastic and its components and 40-90% by weight of heavy concrete components.

[0028] Plastic used in the counterweight may be as follows; Polyethylene (PE), Polyvinylchloride (PVC), Polypropylene (PP), ABS (Acritrile-Butadiene-Styrene), Polystyrene (PS), Nylon, Polycarbonate (PC), Polytetrafluorethylene (Teflon), Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), Phenolic, Epoxy, Polyester.

[0029] Polyethylene (PE): the most widely used and cheapest type of plastic. It has high impact strength at normal and low temperature. They are not affected by acids, alkalis and organic solvents. In its pure state it is transparent and lighter than water. It is generally used as a thin film in packaging, packing and covering works, irrigation and sprinkler pipes and in the production of various inexpensive kitchen utensils. It is easily flammable and continues to burn spontaneously outside the flame. It has good electrical insulation. It can be used underground as it is not affected by salt and bacteria. It has high electrical resistance and is therefore an important insulation material. Since its thermal expansion coefficient is high (160*10-6), it is affected by sun rays.

[0030] Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): It is the most widely used type of plastic after polyethylene and is quite cheap. It has high strength, is resistant to chemical effects and abrasion. There are two types, hard and soft. Pressurized water pipes, waste water pipes, roof, rain gutters and downpipes, irrigation and sprinkler pipes, plastic joinery roofing sheets are produced from hard ones. The soft ones are used as floor tiles in buildings. They are resistant to flame combustion and emit toxic gases. In recent years, it is also frequently used in door and window construction. PVC pipes are not used in hot water installations because they soften at 80°C.

[0031] Polypropylene (PP): Its strength and softening temperature is quite high and it is lighter than water. Like polyethylene, its odor is more pungent and caustic. It has a feature similar to polyethylene. It is used in vehicle bumpers and interior trims of vehicles reinforced with asbestos fibers. It is also used in the packaging industry. ABS (acronitrile-butadiene-styrene): It is a ternary copolymer and has high strength and toughness. It is resistant to external and chemical effects. Its tensile strength is 42-50Mpa and its specific gravity is 1 ,05-1 ,07 Mg / m3. It has no modulus of elasticity and can withstand temperatures up to 75°C. It is used in the production of pipes, auto parts, electronic device cabinets and refrigerator parts.

[0032] Polystyrene (PS): It is glass clear, easy to color, has a shiny hard surface, is solid and brittle, tasteless and odorless, has very good electrical properties, can be welded, is brittle, and is easy to process and cheap. It is easily flammable and continues to burn spontaneously outside the flame. It works powerfully and has a sweet smell. It is a good insulation foil for structural elements used in electronics. Foamed (styropor) is used in heat and sound insulation. Shaped foamed PS is used in packaging, mould model casting and steel concrete structures, toys and kitchen utensils.

[0033] Nylon: Nylon, which is included in the polyamides group, has high strength, rigidity and toughness and is resistant to abrasion. As the crystallization rate increases, its mechanical properties and softening temperature increase. Nylons are copolymers and are classified according to the number of C atoms contained in different types of mers. It is flammable and continues to burn spontaneously outside the flame. Although nylon is easy to produce, it is a bit expensive. It is used in processes such as gears, bearings and similar machine parts, sliding elements, pulleys and connections.

[0034] Polycarbonate (PC): It is difficult to ignite, extinguishes when withdrawn from the flame and has an emerging flame. It is glass-clear, easily coloured, resistant to climate change, can be used at temperatures up to 120°C, does not absorb water and therefore conducts electricity well, has very high strength and toughness, and its dimensions are stable. It is also affected by strong acids and bases. There is also a risk of stress tearing. It is used in fine work and electronic construction elements, insulation screws, lighting devices, car taillights exposed to heat effects, and tableware.

[0035] Polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon): Teflon, which has a symmetrical and homogeneous molecular structure, is largely crystallized. For this reason, it is considered the polymer with the highest specific gravity (2,3gr / cm3), its resistance to abrasion is high and its coefficient of friction is very low. It is suitable for use between 200°C and 260°C. It is very resistant to chemical effects. It is resistant to high temperatures and does not stick, so it is used in kitchen utensils. It is used in bridge supports in the building area and in coating the inner parts of pipes carrying solid materials.

[0036] Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): It belongs to the acrylics group. It is transparent, hard, rigid and resistant to external influences. It is easily flammable and continues to burn spontaneously outside the flame. It is used in all kinds of glass coatings, in the production of lampshades, showcase glass, painting devices and art objects. It is known as Plexiglas in the market.

[0037] Phenolic: Bakelite, considered one of the most important industrial plastics, is the first developed synthetic phenolic polymer. It is a type of plastic that has high strength and hardness, is resistant to temperature and chemical effects, is easy to apply and is quite cheap. Its strength can be increased by reinforcing it with glass fiber, cotton and wood sawdust. It is used in the production of various parts, coating and bonding works in the electrical and auto industries.

[0038] Epoxy: It has high strength and hardness, is resistant to external chemical effects and has stable dimensions. It is used in protective and decorative works. It bonds easily to other materials, so it is widely used. Epoxy resins are used in bonding works in buildings, closing cracks, and protecting surfaces against external effects. Although it is suitable for use in aircraft and spacecraft bodies and sports equipment, it is quite expensive.

[0039] Polyester: Unsaturated covalently bonded polyesters are linear polymers with low viscosity, but they form cross-linked by processing with additives, resulting in thermosetting plastics. It is resistant to external influences.

[0040] The heavy concrete mix used in counterweight contains 10-30 wt% cement, 20-50 wt% iron ore, 20-60 wt% scale and 5-10 wt% other aggregates. Recycling material is used as much as the scale ratio used in the heavy concrete mixture.

[0041] Figure 1 shows the workflow diagram of the production method of the counterweight, which consists of steel sheet and its components and heavy concrete components.

[0042] The production method of the counterweight subject to the invention generally comprises the following process steps; forming the plastic outer shell by plastic injection method (101 ), manufacturing heavy concrete (102) and filling (103) and curing (104) of the heavy concrete mixture into the plastic outer shell, and finally, pre-preparation of the paint and finalizing the product by painting (105).

[0043] Heavy Concrete Production: Heavy concrete components are prepared by mixing in the mixer in accordance with the relevant recipe. The prepared heavy concrete and other metal components are filled into the plastic outer shell and kept for 12-36 hours under curing conditions in the intermediate stock for setting according to air and ambient temperature.

[0044] Product Preparation and Painting: The filling mouth of the cured product is closed and the product is painted and finalized by pre-preparing the paint. With the counterweight consisting of plastic and heavy concrete components, it was ensured to reduce the cost of the product and contribute to the national economy.

[0045] Recycling materials were used in the heavy concrete mixture used in the balance weight to recover the raw materials. In addition, process and mould costs have been reduced by eliminating the production of casting moulds required for balance weights consisting of cast iron and ductile iron, and an alternative product has been developed.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A counterweight that can be used in sectors that currently need cast weights, such as tractors and agricultural machinery, characterized in that;- it comprises 10-60% by weight of plastic and its components and 40-90% by weight of heavy concrete components.

2. Counterweight according to claim 1 , characterized in that; the heavy concrete mix used in counterweight comprises 10-30 wt% cement, 20-50 wt% iron ore, 20-60 wt% scale and 5-10 wt% other aggregates.

3. Counterweight according to claim 1 , characterized in that; plastic is as follows; Polyethylene (PE), Polyvinylchloride (PVC), Polypropylene (PP), ABS (Acritrile- Butadiene-Styrene), Polystyrene (PS), Nylon, Polycarbonate (PC), Polytetrafluorethylene (Teflon), Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), Phenolic, Epoxy, Polyester.

4. Counterweight according to claim 1 , characterized in that; the scale used in the heavy concrete mix is a recyclable raw material.

5. Production method for the counterweight that can be used in sectors that currently need cast weights, such as tractors and agricultural machinery, characterized in that; it comprises the following process steps;- Forming (101 ) plastic outer shells by injection moulding / vacuum / blowing / hand lay-up,- Heavy concrete production (102),- Filling (103) of heavy concrete into plastic outer shell- Curing (104),- Optional paint preparation and painting of the product (105).

6. Production method according to claim 5 for counter weight, characterized in that; the heavy concrete is filled into the plastic outer shell and kept for 12-36 hours under curing conditions in the intermediate product stock for setting according to air and ambient temperature.

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