Electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation and electrolyte injection, ventilation, and cooling systems

Abstract

An electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation and electrolyte injection, ventilation, and cooling systems, comprising a battery formation and electrolyte injection system, a battery case air filtration system and an annular battery cell cooling system which are arranged on an electric vehicle. When the electric vehicle is used, the temperature of an annular battery cell rises during operation of the annular battery cell, and the annular battery cell cooling system reduces the temperature of the annular battery cell. The battery case air filtration system is responsible for discharging and supplementing gas generated during the operation of the annular battery cell. The electrolyte lost during the operation of the annular battery cell is supplied by the battery formation and electrolyte injection system. The present application can simultaneously provide the following formation methods, i.e., low-temperature formation, small current formation and open formation; the formation process of the annular battery cell is delayed to the electric vehicle; and low-temperature formation, small current formation and open formation are realized on the electric vehicle. Battery cells and battery cases produced by means of the method are transported across countries and continents by air to designated locations for installation in electric vehicles before being formed.

Description

Electric vehicle endurance system consisting of battery formation, injection, ventilation and cooling systems Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicles and lithium batteries, and in particular to an electric vehicle endurance guarantee system provided on the electric vehicle and composed of a battery formation and injection system, a battery box air filtration system and an annular single cell cooling system. Background Art

[0002] 1. The reasons why lithium-ion batteries generate gas during normal use are as follows:

[0003] 1. Redox decomposition of the electrolyte: As the voltage of the positive and negative electrodes changes, the electrolyte tends to be oxidized / reduced on the surface of the highly delithiated positive electrode / fully lithiated negative electrode, resulting in gas generation. This is due to the deintercalation and intercalation of Li ions. The Fermi level at the negative electrode is higher than the LUMO energy level of the electrolyte solution, and the electrolyte solution will accept electrons from the negative electrode, triggering a reduction reaction. Similarly, if the Fermi level at the positive electrode is lower than the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of the electrolyte solution, the electrolyte solution will lose electrons, triggering an oxidation reaction and being oxidized.

[0004] 2. Residual impurities in the positive electrode material: During the material preparation and storage process, impurities (Li2CO3, etc.) will be formed on the positive electrode surface. During the battery cycle, these impurities will decompose and react to produce gas.

[0005] 3. Residual H2O caused by insufficient drying and H2O generated by side reactions: On the one hand, H2O will produce H2, and on the other hand, the OH- generated by the reaction of H2O and EC will promote the hydrolysis of EC to produce other gases.

[0006] 4. Crosstalk reactions: Products from one electrode (such as gases, decomposition products, etc.) can be absorbed or consumed at the other electrode, thereby producing more substances. In principle, the generated gaseous products and oxidized substances can be scattered on the surface of the positive electrode or dissolved in the electrolyte. However, they can also reach the negative electrode and be reduced there. For example, the generation of H2: the electrolyte oxide (R-H+) diffuses from the positive electrode to the negative electrode and is reduced to increase H2.

[0007] 2. During high temperature use, in addition to the above 4 points, the following 3 points are also included:

[0008] 1. Decomposition of SEI film: The SEI film formed during the initial formation will decompose and produce gas under high temperature conditions.

[0009] 2. The positive electrode material releases active oxygen: When the delithiated positive electrode material is subjected to high temperature, its crystal structure will undergo a series of changes. In this process, heat will be released and a portion of highly active oxygen will be released. The active oxygen will oxidize the electrolyte to produce a large amount of gas.

[0010] 3. The types of gases generated by lithium-ion batteries can be divided according to the location of gas generation, including the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side:

[0011] Positive electrode side: positive electrode O2, CO2, CO. 2. Negative electrode side: negative electrode CO, H2.

[0012] 4. Gases produced by commonly used electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries

[0013] 1.EC: positive electrode oxidizes CO2, CO; negative electrode reduces C2H4, CO, CH4 (requires H 4 participation); positive and negative electrodes participate in CH4 at the same time.

[0014] 2.PC: The positive electrode oxidizes CO2; the negative electrode reduces C3H6.

[0015] 3.DMC: oxidizes CO2 at the positive electrode; reduces CO and CH4 at the negative electrode (requires H4 participation).

[0016] 4.DEC: positive electrode oxidizes CO2; negative electrode reduces CO, C2H6 (requires H 6 participate).

[0017] 5.EMC: positive electrode oxidizes CO2; negative electrode reduces CO and CH4 (requires H 4 Participation), C2H6 (need H 6 participate).

[0018] 5. In lithium-ion batteries with liquid electrolyte, the structure generally adopts the form of sealed lean liquid. As the number of cycles increases or the service life is extended, the electrolyte in the battery gradually dries up, causing the internal resistance of the battery to increase and the available capacity to decrease sharply. Studies have shown that after the dried-up battery is replenished with electrolyte, the battery performance can be restored immediately.

[0019] 6. Currently, the four main thermal management methods for automotive power lithium-ion battery packs are natural cooling, air cooling, liquid cooling, and direct cooling. Natural cooling is passive, while air cooling, liquid cooling, and direct cooling are active. The purpose of the cooling system in automotive power lithium-ion battery packs is to maintain the optimal operating temperature of the power lithium-ion battery by cooling or heating it, thereby extending the battery life. Given the performance and structure of lithium-ion batteries, it is likely that future batteries will require cooling.

[0020] The heat dissipation of power lithium-ion batteries is directly related to their operating efficiency, lifespan, and safety. Therefore, the cooling systems of electric vehicle power lithium-ion battery packs place high demands on safety. The application of battery packs for electric vehicles is moving towards CTP (Cell Topping) technology, which features high energy density and rapid overall packing. The cell size of industry-standard cylindrical power batteries is expanding from 21700 (21mm diameter, 70mm height) to 46800 (46mm diameter, 80mm height).

[0021] 7. Lithium battery formation is the first charging process of the battery after the lithium battery is filled. According to the different conditions such as temperature, current, filling port, etc. during the formation of the lithium battery, the lithium battery formation process can be divided into the following categories:

[0022] 1. High-temperature formation: During the charge and discharge process, the battery cell is always in a high-temperature environment. High temperature can increase the electrochemical reaction rate and the formation rate of the SEI film. The formed SEI film is highly consistent but loose and unstable.

[0023] 2. Low-temperature formation: During the charging and discharging process, the battery cell is always in a low-temperature environment. The SEI film formed in the low-temperature process is dense and stable, but the reaction rate is slow and the formation time is long.

[0024] 3. High current formation: During the formation process, the charge and discharge current is always at a relatively high current such as 0.5C, 1C, and 2C. High current can increase the electrochemical reaction rate and the SEI film formation rate, but the formed SEI film is not highly consistent, loose, and unstable.

[0025] 4. Low current formation: During the formation process, the charge and discharge current is always at a relatively low current such as 0.02C and 0.05C. The SEI film formed in the low current process is dense and stable, but the reduction in reaction rate will prolong the formation time.

[0026] 5. Open Formation: During the charge and discharge process, the cell injection port remains open at normal pressure, allowing gases generated by the electrochemical reaction to be promptly expelled, improving the consistency of SEI film formation. Formation equipment is simple and low-cost, but requires a long standby time and high humidity conditions.

[0027] 6. Closed-mouth formation: During the charge and discharge process, the cell filling port remains sealed, and the formation process does not require any humidity conditions. However, the formation equipment is complex and there is a risk of plastic deformation of the cell shell.

[0028] 7. Negative Pressure Formation: During the charge and discharge process, the battery cell is vacuumed to -80 kPa at the injection port. Negative pressure formation can promptly remove generated gases, ensuring the stability and consistency of the SEI film. However, the formation equipment is complex and requires high airtightness. In addition, the vacuuming process will cause electrolyte loss.

[0029] Summary of the Invention

[0030] The battery formation and injection system, battery box air filtration system, and annular single cell cooling system installed in electric vehicles constitute an electric vehicle endurance guarantee system. When using an electric vehicle, the high temperature generated by the annular single cell during operation is reduced by the annular single cell cooling system. The gas generated by the annular single cell during operation is discharged and replenished by the battery box air filtration system. The electrolyte lost by the annular single cell during operation is replenished by the battery formation and injection system. Based on the above technical features, this application can also provide the following formation methods:

[0031] 1. Low-temperature formation: During the charge and discharge process, the battery cell is always in a low-temperature environment. The SEI film formed in the low-temperature process is dense and stable, but the reaction rate is slow and the formation time is long.

[0032] 2. Low current formation: During the formation process, the charge and discharge current is always at a relatively low current such as 0.02C and 0.05C. The SEI film formed in the low current process is dense and stable, but the reduction in reaction rate will prolong the formation time.

[0033] 3. Open-cell formation: During the charge and discharge process, the cell's liquid injection port remains open at atmospheric pressure, allowing gases generated by the electrochemical reaction to be promptly expelled, improving the consistency of SEI film formation. Formation equipment is simple and low-cost, but requires a long standby time and high humidity conditions.

[0034] The beneficial effect of this application is that the formation process of ring-shaped single cells is postponed to electric vehicles, enabling low-temperature formation, low-current formation, and open-cell formation in electric vehicles. The single cells and battery packs produced using this method can be airlifted across borders and continents to a designated location before formation, enabling rapid transportation and installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] FIG1 is an enlarged view of the electric vehicle endurance system of the present application, which is composed of a battery formation and injection system, a ventilation system, and a cooling system.

[0036] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the automatic electrolyte replenishment control system of the present application.

[0037] FIG3 is a connection diagram of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application and the battery pack through the conveying pipe.

[0038] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the gas-liquid separator of the present application.

[0039] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the infusion machine of the electrolyte delivery machine of the present application.

[0040] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the exhaust mechanism of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0041] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional structure of the gas-liquid separator of the present application.

[0042] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a third three-dimensional structure of the gas-liquid separator of the present application.

[0043] FIG9 is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the exhaust mechanism of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0044] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0045] 11 and 12 are structural diagrams of the first and second electrolyte storage bottles of the present application.

[0046] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the vibration mechanism of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0047] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the conversion mechanism of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0048] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first and second electrolyte storage bottle bases of the present application.

[0049] FIG16 is an enlarged view of part A of the gas-liquid separation mechanism in FIG8 of the present application.

[0050] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of the filter element and filter paper of the battery box air filter of the present application;

[0051] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper and lower shells of the battery box air filter of the present application;

[0052] FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of the filter element and upper and lower housings of the battery box air filter of the present application;

[0053] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of a one-way valve of the present application.

[0054] FIG21 is an enlarged view of portion K in the magnetic plug-in / plug-out dual-action connector of FIG24 of the present application.

[0055] FIG22 is a cross-sectional view of the one-way valve of the present application.

[0056] FIG23 is a three-dimensional view of the floating plug body of the magnetic plug-in / plug-out dual-action connector of the present application.

[0057] FIG24 is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic plug-in / plug-out dual-action connector of the present application after being plugged in place.

[0058] FIG25 is a three-dimensional view of the floating socket body of the magnetic plug-in / plug-out dual-action connector of the present application.

[0059] FIG26 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the injector and the infusion tube of the present application.

[0060] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid injector of the present application.

[0061] FIG28 is a perspective view of the first liquid collecting spoiler of the present application.

[0062] FIG29 is a cross-sectional view of the first liquid collecting baffle of the present application.

[0063] Figure 30 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the liquid injector of the present application.

[0064] FIG31 is a perspective view of the second liquid collecting spoiler of the present application.

[0065] FIG32 is a cross-sectional view of the second liquid collecting baffle of the present application.

[0066] Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of the sealing ring structure of the injector of the present application.

[0067] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the sliding cavity structure of the injector of the present application.

[0068] FIG35 is a structural diagram of the annular unit battery and the coolant exchanger of the present application adhered to the annular groove.

[0069] FIG36 is a three-dimensional diagram of the annular single cell of the present application.

[0070] Figure 37 is a three-dimensional view of the first electrode of the battery case of the present application.

[0071] Figure 38 is an exploded view of the battery case of the present application including the connection between the first pole and the second nut.

[0072] FIG39 is a top view of the connection between the first and second main bus bars and the annular single battery cells of the present application.

[0073] Figure 40 is a three-dimensional view of the fifth spring washer of the present application.

[0074] FIG41 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the positive electrode terminal installed in portion D in FIG35 of the present application.

[0075] FIG42 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the C portion of FIG35 of the present application where the first and second busbars are connected to the top of the annular single battery.

[0076] Figure 43 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the first negative electrode terminal installed in the E part of Figure 31 of the present application.

[0077] FIG44 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the second negative electrode terminal installed in the F portion of FIG31 of the present application.

[0078] Figure 45 is a schematic diagram of the bolt of the expansion screw of the present application.

[0079] Figure 46 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode terminal expansion screw of the present application.

[0080] Figure 47 is a structural schematic diagram of the electrode terminal expansion screw of the present application.

[0081] Figure 48 is a schematic diagram of the sleeve of the expansion screw of the present application.

[0082] Figure 49 is a three-dimensional diagram of the positive electrode connecting line of the present application.

[0083] Figure 50 is a cross-sectional view of the positive electrode connecting line of the present application.

[0084] FIG51 is a perspective view of the first busbar of the present application.

[0085] FIG52 is a perspective view of the second busbar of the present application.

[0086] FIG53 is a perspective view of the bottom pole connection end of the present application.

[0087] FIG54 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom pole connection end of the present application.

[0088] Figure 55 is a cross-sectional view of the heat sink of the present application.

[0089] Figure 56 is a schematic diagram of the electric water tank structure of the radiator of the present application.

[0090] Figure 57 is a cross-sectional view of the connection of multiple annular grooves of the present application.

[0091] FIG58 is a structural diagram of the annular single cell cooling system of the present application.

[0092] FIG59 is a top view of the coolant exchanger of the present application.

[0093] FIG60 is a cross-sectional view of the coolant exchanger of the present application.

[0094] FIG61 is an exploded view of the first embodiment of the annular single cell of the present application.

[0095] FIG62 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the annular single cell of the present application.

[0096] FIG63 is a three-dimensional diagram of the second pole of the annular single battery cell of the present application.

[0097] FIG64 is an exploded view of the second embodiment of the annular single cell of the present application.

[0098] FIG65 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the annular single cell of the present application.

[0099] Figure 66 is a three-dimensional view of the electrolyte injection channel of the present application.

[0100] FIG67 is a three-dimensional view of the first current collecting plate of the present application.

[0101] FIG68 is a first threaded stereoscopic view of the first collecting plate of the present application.

[0102] FIG69 is a cross-sectional view of the first current collecting plate of the present application.

[0103] FIG70 is a rear view of the first current collecting tray of the present application.

[0104] FIG71 is a perspective view of the second collecting tray of the present application.

[0105] FIG72 is a front view of the second collecting tray of the present application.

[0106] FIG73 is a cross-sectional view of the second current collecting plate of the present application.

[0107] Figure 74 is a structural diagram of the internal material layer of the annular single-cell battery of the present application.

[0108] FIG75 is a front side sectional view of the container energy storage power station of the present invention.

[0109] Figure 76 is a side sectional view of the present invention.

[0110] FIG77 is a side sectional view of the battery box of the container energy storage power station of the present invention.

[0111] Figure 78 is an enlarged view of the left side cross-sectional view of the battery box of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0112] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a battery box 4 is installed on the chassis 2 of an electric vehicle. A battery pack 6 is mounted on the lower cover 7 inside the battery box 4, and an upper cover 5 is mounted on the lower cover 7. The battery pack 6 is composed of multiple annular single cells 40. A battery formation and injection system 35 is installed on the chassis 2 of the electric vehicle and is composed of an automatic electrolyte replenishment control system 45, an electrolyte conveyor 28, a liquid infusion tube 29, an injector 36, annular single cells 40, a first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, a second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and a third non-contact liquid level sensor 39. The automatic electrolyte replenishment control system 45 is also connected to the servo motor 15 of the electrolyte conveyor 28, the first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39. The electrolyte conveyor 28 is connected to the electrolyte conveyor tube 29, which is connected to the injector 36, which is connected to the annular single cells 40. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 and the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 are connected to the programmable controller 48 .

[0113] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 35, a liquid injector 36 is provided on the liquid injection tube 388 of the annular single cells 40 in the battery box 4. The liquid outlet 182 of the liquid injector 36 is connected to the eighth thread 389 of the liquid injection tube 388. A first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 is provided on the front row of annular single cells 40 in the battery box 4. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 is positioned at the highest liquid level of the first row of annular single cells 40. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 is configured to detect whether the liquid level of the first row of annular single cells 40 has reached its highest liquid level. Upon detecting that the liquid level of the first row of annular single cells 40 has reached its highest liquid level, the sensor sends a first trigger signal to the programmable controller 48. A second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 is installed on the annular cell 40 in the middle of the battery box 4. The second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 is located at the lowest liquid level of the annular cell 40 in the middle. It is used to detect whether the liquid level of the annular cell 40 in the middle has dropped to its lowest level. Upon detecting that the liquid level of the annular cell 40 in the middle has dropped to its lowest level, the sensor sends a second trigger signal to the programmable controller 48. A third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 is installed on the annular cell 40 at the rearmost end of the battery box. The third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 is located at the highest liquid level of the annular cell 40 in the rearmost end of the battery box. It is used to detect whether the liquid level of the annular cell 40 in the rearmost end has risen to its highest level. Upon detecting that the liquid level of the annular cell 40 in the rearmost end has risen to its highest level, the sensor sends a third trigger signal to the programmable controller 48. Upon receiving the first and third trigger signals, the programmable controller 48 turns off the servo motor 15. Upon receiving the second trigger signal, electrolyte conveyor 28 begins operation, transferring electrolyte from second electrolyte storage bottle 9 to injector 36. The liquid level in injector 36 is automatically maintained between the maximum and minimum levels, ensuring that electrolyte is supplied to each annular unit cell 40. Furthermore, N first non-contact liquid level sensors 37, second non-contact liquid level sensors 38, and third non-contact liquid level sensors 39 are provided on the annular unit cells 40 within the battery box as needed.

[0114] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a servo motor 15 is mounted on the electrolyte conveyor 28, which is connected to the electrolyte conveyor pipe 29. The electrolyte automatic replenishment control system 45 includes a programmable controller 48, a servo motor 15, a first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, a second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, a third non-contact liquid level sensor 39, a liquid level indicator light 44, a programmer 46, and an I / O expansion unit 51. Other peripherals 52 and an alarm indicator light 57 are connected to the programmable controller 48. The peripheral interface 47, memory 49, I / O expansion interface 50, input module 54, power module 55, and output module 56 are connected to the microprocessor 53. The programmer 46 and peripheral interface 47 are connected to the other peripherals 52. The I / O expansion interface 50 is connected to the I / O expansion unit 51. The servo motor 15 and the alarm indicator light 57 are connected to the output module 56. The liquid level indicator light 44 , the first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 , the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 , and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 are connected to the input module 54 .

[0115] The programmer 46 programs the program of the programmable controller 48 according to different control requirements. The memory 49 is used to store user programs, system programs and other data. The I / O expansion interface 50 is connected to the I / O expansion unit 51 to expand the input and output devices. The input module 54 is used to receive the first trigger signal, the second trigger signal and the third trigger signal emitted by the first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39, and forward these received signals to the microprocessor 53. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 are separate photoelectric liquid level sensors or capacitive liquid level sensors. The microprocessor 53 will only perform corresponding control after receiving the corresponding trigger signal to ensure the normal operation of the entire system. The output module 56 is connected to the servo motor 15, and the microprocessor 53 is connected to the servo motor 15 through the output module 56. When the microprocessor 53 performs corresponding control according to the relevant trigger signal, it sends a corresponding control signal to the servo motor 15 through the output module 56 to control the opening or closing of the servo motor 15. The power module 55 is used to provide the input module 54, the output module 56 and the microprocessor 53 with the required operating voltage. The liquid level indicator light 44 is used to indicate the liquid level and to send a light signal alarm. The programmable controller 48 can detect the signal of the liquid level indicator light 44 and, when detecting the signal of the liquid level indicator light 44, control the alarm indicator light 57 to send an alarm signal to inform the driver of the liquid level status of the lowest liquid level of the annular single battery 40 in the middle of the battery box 4 corresponding to the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38.

[0116] As shown in Figure 1, the electrolyte conveyor 28 is mounted on the electric vehicle chassis 2 using a first screw 18 passing through a first mounting hole 19. The electrolyte conveyor 28 comprises a mounting frame 16, a housing 17, a rotating drum 25, an infusion machine 14, and an exhaust fan 22. The mounting frame 16 is positioned in front of the rotating drum 25, with the housings 17 positioned on either side of the mounting frame 16. The rotating drum 25 is positioned between the lower and front sides of the two housings 17. A liquid outlet pipe 27 is positioned below the rotating drum 25, the infusion machine 14 is mounted on the housing 17, and the exhaust fan 22 is positioned above the rotating drum 25.

[0117] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the infusion machine 14 includes a bracket 13, a servo motor 15, a fluid guide tube 24, a fluid pusher block 64, and a first rotating shaft 65. The brackets 13 are positioned on the left and right rear sides of the mounting frame 16. The servo motors 15 are mounted on the two brackets 13 of the infusion machine 14. The output shafts of the servo motors 15 are connected to the first rotating shaft 65. The fluid pusher block 64 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 65. The fluid guide tube 24 is positioned below the fluid pusher block 64 and is connected to the fluid pusher block 64. The first rotating shaft 65 is rotatably connected to the housing 17.

[0118] As shown in Figures 1, 6, and 9, the exhauster 22 includes an exhaust cylinder 66, an air duct 72, a first one-way valve 21, a second one-way valve 23, a guide rod 67, a top plate 68, a support plate 69, a piston rod 70, and a first spring 71. The exhaust cylinder 66 and air duct 72, mounted on the top plate 68, are connected to the rotary drum 25. The first one-way valve 21 is located in the center of the upper portion of the exhaust cylinder 66, and the second one-way valve 23 is located behind the air duct 72. A support plate 69 is located on the inner front side of the mounting frame 16, with guide rods 67 located on both sides of the support plate 69 and the mounting frame 16. A top plate 68 is slidably mounted between the two guide rods 67, so that the fluid-discharging rotary block 64 contacts the top plate 68 after rotation. A piston rod 70 is welded to the top of the top plate 68 and is slidably connected to the exhaust cylinder 66. A first spring 71 is connected between the top plate 68 and the exhaust cylinder 66 and is wound around the piston rod 70.

[0119] As shown in Figures 1, 12, and 13, a first opening 83 is provided on the first electrolyte storage bottle 10, and a second opening 84 is provided on the second electrolyte storage bottle 9. The first electrolyte storage bottle 10 is mounted on the first base 11, and the second electrolyte storage bottle 9 is mounted on the second base 20. The second opening 84 is connected to the liquid conduit 24, while the first opening 83 is connected to the liquid conduit 24. The electrolyte delivery tube 29 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 27 on the lower side of the rotating drum 25. The electrolyte in the first and second electrolyte storage bottles 10, 9, flows into the rotating drum 25 through the liquid conduit 24, and the gas contained in the electrolyte is located above the rotating drum 25.

[0120] As shown in Figures 1, 4, 7, and 8, a gas-liquid separator 26 is mounted on the electrolyte conveyor 28. The gas-liquid separator 26 comprises a stirring frame 59, a worm 60, a second rotating shaft 61, a first support block 62, a turbine 63, a guide pulley 74, a belt 75, and a third rotating shaft 76. Guide pulleys 74 are located on the left and right front sides of the mounting frame 16 and are rotatably connected to the housing 17 on the same side. A second rotating shaft 61 is located on the underside of the housing 17 and is rotatably connected to the rotating drum 25. Belts 75 are routed between the left and right sides of the first rotating shaft 65 and the second rotating shaft 61 on the same side via drive pulleys. The belts 75 then pass over the guide pulleys 74 on the same side. A third rotating shaft 76 is rotatably mounted on the lower side of the rotating drum 25, with the turbine 63 located below it. The stirring frame 59 is welded to the upper side of the third rotating shaft 76, and the first support blocks 62 are bolted to the lower side of the left and right sides of the rotating drum 25. The second rotating shaft 61 is rotatably connected to the first supporting block 62 on the same side. A worm 60 is connected between the two second rotating shafts 61 , and the worm 60 is engaged with the turbine 63 .

[0121] As shown in Figures 1, 13, and 16, the vibrator 36 of the electrolyte conveyor 28 includes a protrusion 89, a second support block 85, a slide bar 88, a second spring 87, and a pressure block 86. A protrusion 89 is welded to each of the two second rotating shafts 61. Second support blocks 85 are provided on the left and right rear sides of the lower portion of the rotating drum 25. Four slide bars 88 are welded to the left and right sides of the lower portion of the second support block 85. A pressure block 86 is slidably provided between two adjacent slide bars 88. The pressure block 86 contacts the protrusion 89 on the same side. Four second springs 87 are connected between the left and right sides of the lower portion of the pressure block 86 and the slide bar 88 on the same side. The second springs 87 are wound around the slide bar 88.

[0122] As shown in Figures 1, 4 and 14, the converter 80 of the electrolyte conveyor 28 includes a guide frame 96, a movable frame 97, a rotating rod 95, a spur gear 94, a rack 98 and a stop block 99. The guide frame 96 is welded to the upper rear side of the mounting frame 16, and the movable frame 97 is slidingly provided on the guide frame 96. Rotating rods 95 are rotatably provided on the rear sides of the left and right sides of the liquid guide tube 24. Stop blocks 99 are welded to the lower sides of the two rotating rods 95. Spur gears 94 are provided on the upper sides of the two rotating rods 95. A rack 98 is provided on the lower side of the movable frame 97, and the rack 98 is meshed with the spur gear 94.

[0123] As shown in Figures 1 and 15, the first base 11 of the electrolyte conveyor 28 includes a third support block 92, a telescopic rod 93, a clamping block 91, and a third spring 90. Two third support blocks 92 are welded to the left and right sides of the mounting frame 16, with four third support blocks 92 provided. Telescopic rods 93 are located on the upper and lower inner sides of each third support block 92, with eight telescopic rods 93 provided. A clamping block 91 is connected between the inner sides of two adjacent telescopic rods 93. Eight third springs 90 are connected between the upper and lower sides of each clamping block 91 and the telescopic rod 93 on the same side. The third springs 90 are wound around the telescopic rods 93. Manually moving the clamping block 91 outward compresses the telescopic rod 93 and the third spring 90, thereby mounting the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 on the first base 11. After placement, the clamping block 91 is released, causing the third spring 90 to reset and drive the clamping block 91 inward, stretching the telescopic rod 93 and achieving a clamping effect. When the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 needs to be replaced, the clamping block 91 is moved outward according to the above steps, and the empty first electrolyte storage bottle 10 is taken out.

[0124] As shown in Figures 1 to 15, the rotation of the first rotating shaft 65 drives the belt 75 to rotate, thereby rotating the second rotating shaft 61 and the guide wheel 74, causing the worm 60 to rotate, and then the turbine 63 and the third rotating shaft 76 to rotate, causing the stirring frame 59 to rotate. At this time, the stirring frame 59 stirs the electrolyte in the rotating drum 25 so that the gas in the electrolyte can be quickly discharged. The rotation of the second rotating shaft 61 drives the protrusion 89 to rotate. When the raised part of the protrusion 89 contacts the pressure block 86, the protrusion 89 drives the pressure block 86 on the same side to move upward, thereby stretching the second spring 87. When the pressure block 86 moves upward and contacts the second support block 85 on the same side, the pressure block 86 knocks the second support block 85, causing the second support block 85 and the rotating drum 25 to vibrate, thereby enhancing the gas-liquid separation effect. When the raised portion of projection 89 moves away from pressure block 86, second spring 87 returns, driving pressure block 86 downward and back to its original position. At this point, the right side of liquid conduit 24 is closed, while the left side is open, allowing electrolyte from the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 to flow through liquid conduit 24 into the rotating drum 25. When the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 is empty, the movable frame 97 is manually moved rightward, causing rack 98 to move rightward, rotating spur gear 94 and rotating rod 95, and thus, flow control block 99. When movable frame 97 has moved to the right to the appropriate distance, movement is stopped. The right side of liquid conduit 24 is now open, while the left side is closed. This allows electrolyte from the second electrolyte storage bottle 9 to flow through liquid conduit 24 into the rotating drum 25. The empty first electrolyte storage bottle 10 is then removed, and the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 filled with electrolyte is placed on the left side of mounting frame 16. When there is no electrolyte in the second electrolyte storage bottle 9, the movable rack 97 is moved to the left according to the above steps. When the movable rack 97 moves to the left to a suitable position, the movable rack 97 is stopped from being moved to the left.

[0125] As shown in Figures 1 and 35, the electrolyte in the electrolyte conveyor 28 flows into the injector 36 through the infusion tube 29. The electrolyte enters the injection tube 388, passes through the injection hole 383, and is collected in the first channel 386. The electrolyte then permeates each layer of the winding core 243. The servo motor 15 is activated, and the output shaft of the servo motor 15 rotates, driving the first rotating shaft 65 to rotate, pushing the liquid pusher 64 to rotate. Since the liquid pusher 64 is now in contact with the liquid conduit 24, the liquid pusher 64 increases the pressure of the electrolyte in the liquid conduit 24. When the liquid pusher 64 rotates away from the liquid conduit 24, the electrolyte in the liquid conduit 24 flows rapidly into the rotating drum 25. When the liquid pusher 64 rotates and contacts the top plate 69, the liquid pusher 64 drives the top plate 69 upward, thereby causing the piston rod 71 to move upward. The first spring 72 is compressed, and the piston rod 71 discharges the airflow in the exhaust cylinder 66 through the first one-way valve 21. When the liquid pushing rotating block 64 rotates away from the top plate 69, the first spring 72 resets and drives the top plate 69 to move downward and reset, causing the piston rod 71 to move downward. At this time, the air pressure in the exhaust cylinder 66 changes, causing the gas above the rotating cylinder 25 to flow into the exhaust cylinder 66 through the air guide pipe 72 and the second one-way valve 23. When the liquid pushing rotating block 64 rotates and contacts the top plate 69 again, the liquid pushing rotating block 64 drives the top plate 69 to move upward. At this time, the piston rod 71 discharges the gas according to the above steps. When the second electrolyte storage bottle 9 is completed during the electrolyte delivery process, the electrolyte delivery inside the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 is automatically started. After the electrolyte delivery is completed, the servo motor 15 is turned off.

[0126] As shown in Figures 1 and 17-25, the battery compartment air filtration system 32 is composed of a battery compartment air filter 43, a third one-way valve 147, a fourth one-way valve 148, a battery compartment air inlet pipe 31, a plug 30, a socket 8, and a battery compartment exhaust pipe 34. The valve body air inlet 118 of the fourth one-way valve 148 is connected to the rear end of the second air inlet 166. The filter outlet pipe 42 is connected to the battery compartment air inlet pipe 31, which is then connected to the first clean air inlet 123. The first clean air inlet 123 is connected to the second air inlet 166. The rear end of the second air inlet 166 is connected to the valve body air inlet 118 of the fourth one-way valve 148 to form the clean air intake system. The valve body air outlet 114 of the third one-way valve 147 is connected to the rear end of the second air outlet 167, the second air outlet 167 is connected to the first air outlet 129, and the first air outlet 129 is connected to the battery box exhaust pipe 34 to form the battery box exhaust system. The battery box exhaust pipe 34 is provided on the plug 30. The battery box air filter 43 is composed of an upper shell 106 and a lower shell 107 that are fastened together. A lower shell resonator 108 is fixed to the lower portion of the lower shell 107; the upper and lower ends of the lower shell 107 are open. The lower shell resonator 108, which has a noise-reducing function, is positioned at the lower open portion of the lower shell 107 and hot-plate welded to the lower shell 107. Multiple sets of longitudinal reinforcing ribs 112 are provided on the outer peripheral walls of the upper shell 106 and lower shell 107 to increase structural strength. An integrally formed air guide 110 is provided on the lower shell resonator 108, and an integrally formed filter inlet pipe 109 is provided at the outer end of the air guide 110. The upper housing 106 is provided with a filter outlet pipe 42 connected to the inner cavity. This outlet pipe 42 is connected to the battery compartment air inlet pipe 31, which in turn is connected to the plug 30 on the electric vehicle chassis 2. The lower edges of the side walls of the upper housing 106 are bent outward and downward to form a buckle edge, while the upper edges of the side walls of the lower housing 107 are bent outward and upward to form a buckle edge. The buckle edge of the lower housing 107 fits within the buckle edge of the upper housing 106. The upper and lower housings 106 and 107 are connected by screws. A filter element 111 is positioned between the upper and lower housings 106 and 107. This filter element 111 comprises a box-shaped housing with open top and bottom openings. Filter paper 103 is placed inside the housing. To improve sealing, an elastic sealing ring 104 is installed between the buckle edges of the upper and lower housings 106 and 107. Gas enters the gas flow path of the air guide housing 110 through the filter inlet pipe 109 and diffuses into the interior of the lower housing 107. The air entering the lower housing 107 flows through the filter element 111 and enters the inner cavity of the upper housing 106. The filter paper 103 in the filter element 111 filters the air. The purified air enters the battery compartment 4 through the filter outlet pipe 42, the battery compartment inlet pipe 31, the first clean air inlet 123, the second air inlet 166, and the fourth one-way valve 148.The gas generated by the annular single battery 40 during operation is discharged to the outside of the battery box 4 through the third one-way valve 147 , the second air outlet 167 , the first air outlet 129 and the battery box exhaust pipe 34 .

[0127] As shown in Figures 20-22, the one-way valve 113 includes a valve body 117, a fourth spring 115, and a spring seat 116. A valve inlet 118 is provided at one end of the valve body 117, and a valve outlet 114 is provided at the other end. Compressed air enters the valve body through the valve body inlet 118, overcoming the spring force and friction to move the spring seat 116 of the one-way valve 113, thereby opening the valve port 119. Compressed gas flows from the valve body inlet 118 to the valve body outlet 114. When there is no compressed gas in the valve body inlet 118, the spring seat 116 returns to its original position under the spring force of the fourth spring 115, and the valve port 119 is closed, and airflow from the valve body inlet 118 to the valve body outlet 114 is blocked.

[0128] As shown in Figures 23-25 ​​, a magnetic plug-in / plug-out dual-action connector system 130 comprises a plug 30 and a socket 8. The plug 30 is mounted on the electric vehicle chassis 2, and the socket 8 is mounted on the battery box 4. The plug 30 comprises a plug housing 138, a plug shock-absorbing rubber ball 137, a first opening 131, a second opening 132, a third opening 133, a fourth opening 134, a fifth opening 135, a sixth opening 136, a floating plug body 141, and a floating plug body front end 146. Mounted on the floating plug body front end 146 are a first N-pole magnetic cone locator 130, a second N-pole magnetic cone locator 124, a first high-voltage positive connector 125, a first high-voltage negative connector 127, a first ground connector 126, a first pin array 120, a first cooling liquid inlet 121, a first cooling liquid outlet 128, a first clean air inlet 123, a first air outlet 129, and a first electrolyte inlet 122. The first pin array 120 is configured with two rows of twelve low-current pins. A plug-damping rubber ball 137 is installed within the plug housing 138, between the plug housing 138 and the floating plug body 141. The plug-damping rubber ball 137 maintains close contact with the inner wall of the plug housing 138 and the exterior of the floating plug body 141, providing elasticity and cushioning. The first opening 131 allows the connecting pipes from the first clean air inlet 123 and the first air outlet 129 to enter the electric vehicle chassis 2. The second opening 132 allows the wires connecting the first high-voltage positive connector 125, the first high-voltage negative connector 127, and the first ground connector 126 to enter the electric vehicle chassis 2. The third opening 133 allows the connecting wires from the first pin array 120 to enter the electric vehicle chassis 2. The fourth opening 134 allows the first cooling liquid inlet 121 and the first cooling liquid outlet 128 to enter and exit the electric vehicle chassis 2. The fifth opening 135 is the first electrolyte inlet 122 , which is a passage into the chassis 2 of the electric vehicle.

[0129] Socket 8 comprises a floating socket body 148, a socket housing 149, a seventh opening 150, an eighth opening 151, a ninth opening 152, a tenth opening 153, an eleventh opening 154, a twelfth opening 156, and a socket shock-absorbing rubber ball 157. Attached to the floating socket body front end 145 of floating socket body 148 are a first S-pole inverted cone magnet positioner 168, a second S-pole inverted cone magnet positioner 159, a second high-voltage positive connector 160, a second high-voltage negative connector 163, a second grounding connector 161, a second pin base 162, a second cooling liquid inlet 164, a second cooling liquid outlet 165, a second air inlet 166, a second air outlet 167, and a second electrolyte inlet 169. Second pin base 162 is configured with two rows of twelve low-current jacks. The socket shock-absorbing rubber ball 157 is installed within the socket housing 149, between the socket housing 149 and the floating socket body 148. The socket shock-absorbing rubber ball 157 is in close contact with the inner wall of the socket housing 149 and the exterior of the floating socket body 148, providing elasticity and a cushioning effect. The seventh opening 150 is a connection conduit for the second air inlet 166, providing access to the battery compartment 4. The eighth opening 151 is a connection conduit for the second air outlet 167, providing access to the battery compartment 4. The ninth opening 152 is a connection conduit for the wires connecting the second high-voltage positive connector 160, the second high-voltage negative connector 163, and the second grounding connector 161, providing access to the battery compartment 4. The tenth opening 153 is a connection conduit for the wires connecting the second pin base 162, providing access to the battery compartment 4. The eleventh opening 154 is a connection conduit for the second cooling liquid inlet 164 and the second cooling liquid outlet 165, providing access to and from the battery compartment 4. The twelfth opening 156 is a connection conduit for the second electrolyte inlet 169, providing access to and from the battery compartment 4.

[0130] As shown in FIG21 , the third one-way valve 147 is inserted into the socket housing 149 through the seventh opening 150. The valve body 117 of the third one-way valve 147 is fixed in the seventh opening 150. The valve body air outlet 114 of the third one-way valve 147 is connected to the rear end of the second air outlet 167. The fourth one-way valve 148 is inserted into the socket housing 149 through the eighth opening 151. The valve body 117 of the fourth one-way valve 148 is fixed in the eighth opening 151. The valve body air inlet 118 of the fourth one-way valve 148 is connected to the rear end of the second air inlet 166. The fifth one-way valve 155 is inserted into the socket housing 149 through the twelfth opening 156. The valve body 117 of the fifth one-way valve 155 is fixed in the twelfth opening 156. The air inlet 118 of the fifth one-way valve 155 is connected to the rear end of the second electrolyte inlet 169.

[0131] As shown in Figures 1 and 26-35, the injector 36, mounted vertically on the annular single cell 40, has the following functions: delivering electrolyte, discharging gas from the annular single cell 40, and preventing the electrolyte in the annular single cell 40 from flowing back into the infusion tube 29. The injector 36 consists of an upper shell 181 and a lower shell 186 connected by threads. The top of the upper shell 181 is provided with an inlet 183, and the bottom of the lower shell 186 is provided with an outlet 182. The inlet 183 of the injector 36 is connected to the infusion tube 29, and the outlet 182 of the injector 36 is connected to the eighth thread 389 of the injection tube 388. The electrolyte enters the injection tube 388, passes through the injection hole 383, and is collected in the first channel 386, where it permeates each layer of the winding core 243.

[0132] As shown in Figures 26-35, a sealed chamber 203 is provided on the upper housing 181, and a sealing body 187 is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber 203. The interior of the sealing body 187 is a hollow structure. A push rod 199 is connected to the bottom end of the sealing body 187. A sliding cavity 211 is sleeved on the outer side of the push rod 199. A fifth spring 210 is connected to the interior of the sliding cavity 211. The end of the push rod 199 is connected to the fifth spring 210, and the push rod 199 slides in the interior of the sliding cavity 211. A side ring 212 is provided at the bottom end of the sliding cavity 211, and a first filter 184 is provided on the outer wall of the sliding cavity 211. The sliding cavity 211 is engaged with the sealed chamber 203 through the first filter 184. An inclined surface matching the sealing body 187 is provided on the inner wall of the sealing chamber 203. The electrolyte in the infusion tube 29 enters the sealing chamber 203 and impacts the sealing body 187, thereby changing the distance between the sealing body 187 and the inclined surface on the inner wall of the sealing chamber 203, thereby changing the flow rate of the electrolyte. An exhaust port 206 is provided on the outer side of the upper shell 181. A sealing ring 200 is connected to the inner wall of the upper shell 181 below the sliding cavity 211. A partition is connected between the sealing ring 200 and the upper shell 181, and the partition is connected to the bottom end of the exhaust port 206. A detour cavity 188 is provided between the sealing ring 200 and the upper shell 181. The bottom end 207 of the detour cavity 188 is connected to the interior of the upper shell 181. The bottom end 207 of the detour cavity 188 is connected to the opening of each group of exhaust ports 206. A water-sealing layer 205 is installed on the inner wall of the exhaust port 206. After the gas in the annular single cell 40 is discharged, it can accumulate in the circuitous cavity 188. A rubber ring 201 is provided between the upper shell 181 and the lower shell 186. The rubber ring 201 seals the upper shell 181 and the lower shell 186 to prevent leakage of the electrolyte. A first liquid collecting reflux plate 213 is provided at the bottom of the sealing ring 200. The first liquid collecting reflux plate 213 has a conical structure. A second liquid outlet pipe 214 is provided at the conical top of the first liquid collecting reflux plate 213. The second liquid outlet pipe 214 is provided in a spiral structure. A second liquid collecting reflux plate 215 is provided at the bottom of the rubber ring 201. The second liquid collecting reflux plate 215 has a conical structure. A third liquid outlet pipe 216 is provided at the conical top of the second liquid collecting reflux plate 215. The third liquid outlet pipe 216 is provided in a spiral structure. N second liquid collecting reflux blocking plates 215 are provided between the first liquid collecting reflux blocking plate 213 and the liquid outlet 182 as needed.

[0133] As shown in Figures 1 and 26-35, under the action of the thrust, the electrolyte in the electrolyte conveyor 28 enters the sealed chamber 203 and pushes the sealing body 187 toward the inclined surface in the sealed chamber 203. The electrolyte passes through the gap between the sealing body 187 and the sealed chamber 203 and enters the first filter 184. The electrolyte then passes through the first filter 184 and drips onto the first liquid collecting and reflux resistance plate 213. The second liquid outlet pipe 214 drips the electrolyte on the first liquid collecting and reflux resistance plate 213 and quickly drips it onto the second liquid collecting and reflux resistance plate 215. The third liquid outlet pipe 216 drips the electrolyte on the second liquid collecting and reflux resistance plate 215 into the injection pipe 388. Gas exhausted from the annular single cell 40 flows through the injection pipe 388 into the underside of the second liquid collector reflux plate 215. The gas then flows through the third liquid outlet pipe 216 into the underside of the first liquid collector reflux plate 213. The gas then flows through the second liquid outlet pipe 214 into the sealing ring 200. It then enters the exhaust port 206 from the bottom end 207 of the detour cavity 188 and is discharged to the exterior of the injector 36. At this point, the gas contained in the electrolyte will remain at the top of the upper shell 181 and pass through the detour cavity 188 to be discharged from the exhaust port 206. The gas in the electrolyte accumulates within the detour cavity 188, preventing external gas from entering the upper shell 181 through the drain port 182 and contaminating the electrolyte. The electrolyte then flows through the drain port 182 into the injection pipe 388, where it then flows through the injection hole 383 of the first current collecting plate 232 and into the first channel 386, where it permeates each layer of the winding core 295. During the electrolyte transportation process, the amount of electrolyte in the electrolyte conveyor 28 will gradually decrease, and the pressure on the injector 36 will also continue to decrease, causing the flow rate of the electrolyte to slow down. However, at this time, the squeezing of the electrolyte on the sealing body 187 will also gradually decrease. Under the push of the fifth spring 210, the sealing body 187 moves upward, thereby increasing the distance between the sealing body 187 and the inner wall of the sealing chamber 203, allowing the electrolyte to quickly pass through the sealing chamber 203. The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrolyte flow increases while the flow rate of the electrolyte decreases, and the amount of electrolyte that can enter the lower shell 186 at the same time is maintained within a certain range.

[0134] When the electric vehicle 1 is running, the electrolyte inside the annular single battery cell 40 is subjected to vibration, and part of the electrolyte will flow back to the bottom of the injector 36 along the injection pipe 388. The second liquid collecting reflux resistance plate 215 has a great blocking effect on the electrolyte splashing upward from the bottom of the injector 36. The first liquid collecting reflux resistance plate 213 continues to block the residual electrolyte flowing back through the third liquid outlet pipe 216.

[0135] As shown in Figures 35 and 58, the annular single-cell cooling system 33 is composed of a radiator 329, an electric heating chamber 342, a water pump 332, and a first liquid main exchanger 313, a liquid exchanger 253, and a second liquid main exchanger 328 connected within the battery box 4. A fourth spring washer 252 is disposed at the bottom of the heat dissipation tower 220 of the liquid exchanger 253. The annular single-cell 40 is rotatably mounted on the heat dissipation tower 220 via the second thread 247 and the first thread 245. When the fourth spring washer 252 is flattened, it generates a persistent elastic force, maintaining friction between the second thread 247 and the first thread 245, generating a resistance torque. This prevents the annular single-cell 40 from loosening and rotating relative to the liquid exchanger 253.

[0136] As shown in Figure 58 , a suction-type electronic fan 334 is installed at the rear end of the radiator 329. Heat exchange tubes 338 and an electric heating chamber 342 are located within the radiator 329. A radiator outlet pipe 330 and a radiator inlet pipe 335 are located on the radiator 329. A DC brushless water pump 332 is connected to the radiator 329. The battery compartment outlet pipe 336 is connected to the radiator inlet pipe 335. Heat generated by the battery pack 6 is transferred to the radiator 329 via coolant, which then transfers this heat to the atmosphere. The electric heating chamber 342 includes a mounting plate 340, a heating tube 343, an electric heating chamber inlet pipe 341, and an electric heating chamber outlet pipe 339. The electric heating chamber 342 is used to store water. The mounting plate 340, which has a disc-shaped structure, is equipped with the heating tube 343 and the electric heating chamber inlet pipe 341. The heating tube 343 is a U-shaped tube, one end of which is connected to the mounting plate 340 and the other end extends into the electric heating chamber 342. The radiator outlet pipe 330 is connected to the water pump inlet pipe 331, which is in turn connected to the battery compartment inlet pipe 337. The battery compartment inlet pipe 337 is connected to the first cooling liquid inlet 121, which is in turn connected to the second cooling liquid inlet 164, which is in turn connected to the main liquid inlet 314. The radiator inlet pipe 335 is connected to the battery compartment outlet pipe 336, which is in turn connected to the first cooling liquid outlet 128, which is in turn connected to the second cooling liquid outlet 165, which is in turn connected to the main liquid outlet pipe 310. After being heated in the electric heating chamber 342 , the coolant enters the heat exchange pipe 338 through the electric heating chamber outlet pipe 339 , is pressurized by the water pump 332 , and finally enters the main liquid inlet 314 .

[0137] As shown in Figures 57-60, the battery box 4 is provided with a socket 8, a first main liquid exchanger 313, and a second main liquid exchanger 328. Between the first liquid inlet pipe 315 and the Nth liquid inlet pipe 318, N annular grooves 254 are provided on the cooling base plate 256. These grooves 254 are arranged in a staggered pattern, with a liquid exchanger 253 positioned in each annular groove 254. A main liquid inlet 314 is provided on the first main liquid exchanger 313, and a main liquid outlet 323 is provided on the second main liquid exchanger 328. The main liquid inlet 314 is connected to the main liquid inlet pipe 311, which is connected to the socket 8. The main liquid outlet 323 is connected to the main liquid outlet pipe 310, which is connected to the socket 8. The first main liquid exchanger 313 includes a main liquid inlet pipe 311, a main liquid inlet port 314, a first liquid inlet pipe 315, a second liquid inlet pipe 316, a third liquid inlet pipe 317, and an Nth liquid inlet pipe 318. The second main liquid exchanger 328 includes a main liquid outlet pipe 310, a main liquid outlet port 323, a first liquid outlet pipe 324, a second liquid outlet pipe 325, a third liquid outlet pipe 326, and an Nth liquid outlet pipe 327.

[0138] As shown in Figures 35, 57, and 60, a liquid exchanger 253 is installed on a cooling base plate 256 within an annular groove 254. A liquid exchange tower 220 is installed within the liquid exchanger 253. A spacer 244 is installed within the liquid exchange tower 220, and a first thread 245 is provided on the exterior of the liquid exchange tower 220. A first thermal expansion and contraction opening 344 and a second thermal expansion and contraction opening 345 are provided on the liquid exchanger 253. The liquid exchanger 253, liquid exchange tower 220, and spacer 244 are made of non-metallic, non-conductive material. Adhesive is injected into the second adhesive injection point 237 on the cooling base plate 256, and the spacer 244 is adhered to the second adhesive injection point 237. Adhesive is injected into the first adhesive injection point 235 and the third adhesive injection point 257. The liquid exchanger 253 is adhered to the cooling base plate 256. Multiple liquid exchangers 253 are mounted on the cooling base plate 256 using the above method.

[0139] As shown in Figures 35 and 57-60, the inner diameter C of the liquid exchanger 253 is larger than the diameter H of the annular single cell 40. The annular single cell 40 is screwed onto the exterior of the heat dissipation tower 220 and within the liquid exchanger 253. The heat dissipation tower 220 absorbs the heat generated by the annular single cell 40, while the liquid exchanger 253 absorbs the heat transferred outward from the annular single cell 40. The liquid exchanger 253 wraps the annular single cell 40 360°, transferring the heat generated by the annular single cell 40 to the liquid exchanger 253. The annular single cell 40 wraps the heat dissipation tower 220 360°, transferring the heat generated by the annular single cell 40 to the heat dissipation tower 220. The heat generated by the annular single cell 40 is dissipated through these two methods, ensuring that the temperature of the annular single cell 40 is maintained within the specified range.

[0140] As shown in Figures 56 and 57 , an annular groove 254 is provided on the cooling base plate 256. The annular groove 254 has a height A and a diameter R. The height A of the annular groove 254 is 10% to 50% of the height D of the liquid exchanger 253. The diameter R of the annular groove 254 is greater than the diameter B of the liquid exchanger 253. The annular groove 254 is made of a non-metallic, non-conductive material.

[0141] In the first row of liquid exchangers 319, N liquid exchangers 253 are disposed between the first liquid inlet pipe 315 and the first liquid outlet pipe 324. The first main liquid exchanger 313 is connected to the first liquid inlet pipe 315, which is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the first liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the first liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the second liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the second liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the last liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the last liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the first liquid outlet pipe 324, which is connected to the second main liquid exchanger 328.

[0142] In the second row of liquid exchangers 320, N liquid exchangers 253 are disposed between the second liquid inlet pipe 316 and the second liquid outlet pipe 325. The first main liquid exchanger 313 is connected to the second liquid inlet pipe 316, which is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the first liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the first liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the second liquid exchanger 253, and the coolant outlet 224 of the second liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the last liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the last liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the second liquid outlet pipe 325, which is connected to the second main liquid exchanger 328.

[0143] In the third row of liquid exchangers 321, N liquid exchangers 253 are disposed between the third liquid inlet pipe 317 and the third liquid outlet pipe 326. The first main liquid exchanger 313 is connected to the third liquid inlet pipe 317, which is in turn connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the first liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the first liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the second liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the second liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the last liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the last liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the third liquid outlet pipe 326, which is in turn connected to the second main liquid exchanger 328.

[0144] In the Nth row of liquid exchangers, N liquid exchangers 253 are disposed between the Nth liquid inlet pipe 318 and the Nth liquid outlet pipe 327. The first main liquid exchanger 313 is connected to the Nth liquid inlet pipe 318, which is in turn connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the first liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the first liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the second liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the second liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253. The coolant outlet 224 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the last liquid exchanger 253. The cooling liquid outlet 224 of the last liquid exchanger 253 is connected to the Nth liquid outlet pipe 327 , and the Nth liquid outlet pipe 327 is connected to the second main liquid exchanger 328 .

[0145] The coolant is of alcohol, glycerin, or ethylene glycol type. When cooling the annular unit cell 40 is required, the coolant flows in through the coolant inlet 225, then passes through the multiple coolant exchange towers 29 and multiple liquid exchangers 253 and is discharged at the coolant outlet 224, thereby removing the heat generated by the annular unit cell 40 during operation. When heating the annular unit cell 40 is required, heated liquid flows in through the coolant inlet 225, then passes through the multiple heat dissipation towers 220 and multiple liquid exchangers 253 and flows at the coolant outlet 224, thereby heating the annular unit cell 40 to the desired operating temperature.

[0146] As shown in Figures 35-38 , the annular single cell 40 includes an annular single cell housing 258, a first terminal 246, a fifth spring washer 352, and a top cover 226. The annular single cell housing 258 is a cylindrical structure with one side open. A boss 354 is provided at the edge 353 of the opening of the bottom plate 251 of the annular single cell housing 258. The boss 354 is riveted or welded to the first terminal 246. The annular single cell housing 258 is made of metal. A second thread 247 is provided inside the first terminal 246, and a third thread 259 is provided outside the first terminal 246. The fifth spring washer 352 is mounted on the bottom of the first terminal 246. The top cover 226 is mounted on the battery housing 258 of the annular single cell 40. The second mounting hole 242 and the third mounting hole 228 are provided in the top cover 226. A first mounting hole 238 is provided in the center of the top cover 226. The diameter of the first mounting hole 238 is larger than the diameter of the heat dissipation tower 220. The top cover plate 226 is installed on the battery housing 258 through the heat dissipation tower 220 and welded to the battery housing 258. A first insulator 231 made of insulating resin is provided on the outside of the annular cell 40. The annular cell 40 includes a top positive electrode terminal 227, a bottom first negative electrode terminal 236, and a bottom second negative electrode terminal 248. A second nut 241 is provided on the annular cell 40. The electrolyte injector 36 is vertically mounted on the annular cell 40 and connected to the first current collecting plate 232 through the second mounting hole 242. The positive electrode terminal 227 is installed in the third mounting hole 228. The first tab 360 of the annular cell 40 is connected to the first current collecting plate 232.

[0147] As shown in Figures 35, 38, and 41, a third mounting hole 229 is provided on the first insulator 231. The positive lead 230 passes through the third mounting hole 229 and is connected to the first current collecting plate 232. A positive electrode terminal front end 305 is provided on the positive electrode terminal 227, and the positive lead 230 is connected to the positive electrode terminal front end 305. The top cover 226 contacts the insulating washer 287. The positive electrode terminal 227 consists of a second spring washer 304, an insulating washer 287, and the positive electrode terminal front end 305. The top cover 226 contacts the insulating washer 287. A positive electrode connecting wire 223 is provided between the positive electrode terminal 227 and the second nut 241. A connecting wire front end 300 and a connecting wire rear end 299 are provided on the connecting wire 223. A fourth connecting wire mounting hole 301 is provided on the connecting wire front end 300, and a fifth connecting wire mounting hole 298 is provided on the connecting wire rear end 299. On the connecting wire 223, the portion not in contact with the first spring washer 239 and the positive electrode terminal 227 is coated with a first insulating layer 218 on the front and a second insulating layer 219 on the back. This prevents short circuits caused by the connecting wire 223 connecting to other leads after a collision with the electric vehicle 1. A first insulating washer 240 is placed above the second nut 241, and the connecting wire front end 300 is mounted on the first insulating washer 240. A first spring washer 239 is placed on the connecting wire front end 300, and the first nut 222 is placed on the first spring washer 239.

[0148] As shown in Figure 39, the first main busbar 263 includes a first lead 264 and a second lead 265, which serve as the total positive lead for the series connection of the first main busbars 263. The first and second main busbars 263 and 267 are spaced apart and extend in parallel to each other, preventing short circuits caused by a small gap. The first and second leads 264 and 265 are spaced apart from the second main busbar 267 and extend in parallel to each other, preventing short circuits caused by a small gap. The number of first and second leads 264 and 265 is no less than the number of first main busbars 263. The second main busbar 267 includes a third lead 266 and a fourth lead 268, which serve as the total negative lead for the series connection of the second main busbars 267. The third and fourth leads 266 and 268 are spaced apart from the first main busbar 263 and extend in parallel to each other, preventing short circuits caused by a small gap. The number of the third lead lines 266 and the fourth lead lines 268 is not less than the number of the second main bus bars 267 .

[0149] As shown in Figure 41, the positive electrode connecting wire 223 is installed between the positive electrode terminal 227 and the second nut 241. The first mounting hole 301 of the connecting wire is installed on the first insulating washer 240 through the first thread 245. The third circular hole 275 of the second busbar 276 is connected to the front end 300 of the connecting wire through the first thread 245. The second circular hole 272 of the first busbar 271 is connected to the second busbar 276 through the first thread 245. The first spring washer 239 is installed above the second circular hole 272. The first nut 222 is rotated toward the second nut 241 on the first thread 245 to tighten. The first busbar 271, the second busbar 276, the first spring washer 239, and the first insulating washer 240 are fixed to the first thread 245. The first conductive rubber 221 is used to seal the gap between the first nut 222 and the second nut 241. This prevents sparks from being generated due to tiny gaps between the positive electrode connecting wire 223, the first busbar 271 and the second busbar 276, which would cause the adjacent air to heat up instantly and thus cause the temperature of the battery box 4 to rise sharply. The first conductive rubber 221 converts the electrical energy generated by the sparks into heat energy, which is absorbed by the heat dissipation tower 220.

[0150] As shown in Figures 53 and 54, the bottom electrode connection terminal 292 consists of a bottom washer 293 and an upper electrical terminal 294 welded together. A fifth insulating layer 295 is applied to the front of the upper electrical terminal 294 where it does not contact the second main busbar 267, and a sixth insulating layer 297 is applied to the back of the upper electrical terminal 294 where it does not contact the second main busbar 267. The portion where the upper electrical terminal 294 and the second main busbar 267 are not coated with insulating layer 296 is where the upper electrical terminal 294 and the second main busbar 267 are connected. The second main busbar 267 has an electrical terminal on its top, and the upper electrical terminal 294 is electrically connected to the second main busbar 267 via welding. The bottom washer 293 and the upper electrical terminal 294 are perpendicular at a 90-degree angle, with the bottom washer 293 oriented along the X-axis and the upper electrical terminal 294 oriented along the Y-axis. The bottom washer 293 is a flat metal ring that protects the bottom of the annular single cell 40 from scratches by the fourth spring washer 252.

[0151] As shown in Figures 51 and 52, the first busbar 271 includes a first circular hole 270 and a second circular hole 272, and is composed of a sheet-like conductor. The diameters of the first and second circular holes 270 and 272 are larger than the major diameter of the first thread 245. The second busbar 276 includes a third circular hole 275 and a fourth circular hole 277, and is composed of a sheet-like conductor. The diameters of the third and fourth circular holes 275 and 277 are larger than the major diameter of the first thread 245. Multiple first busbars 271 are connected to multiple second busbars 276 to form the first main busbar 263. A first insulating layer 278 is applied to the upper portion of the first busbar 271, where it does not contact the second busbar 276 and the positive electrode connecting wire 223. A second insulating layer 274 is applied to the lower portion of the first busbar 271, where it does not contact the second busbar 276 and the positive electrode connecting wire 223. The third insulating layer 278 is applied to a position above the second busbar 276 that does not contact the first busbar 271 and the positive electrode connecting line 223, and the fourth insulating layer 279 is applied to a position below the second busbar 276 that does not contact the first busbar 271 and the positive electrode connecting line 223.

[0152] As shown in Figures 35-48, the positive electrode terminal 227, the first negative electrode terminal 236, and the second negative electrode terminal 248 are all assembled using expansion screws 290. Expansion screws 290 include a bolt body 282 inserted into a sleeve 286, a washer 287, a spring washer 288, and a nut 289. Bolt body 282 includes a head 283, a shank 284, and a threaded tail 285. The head 283 is tapered, with a taper ratio of 1:5. The diameter of the taper at the point where the head 283 contacts the shank 284 is larger than the diameter of the shank 284. The diameter of the shank 284 is the same as the major thread diameter of the tail 285. The sleeve 286 has four slots 280 near the bolt head 283, one of which is a through slot 281 extending to the other end of the sleeve 286. The inner diameter of the sleeve 286 is the same as the major diameter of the thread of the bolt tail 285, with a clearance fit between them. The outer diameter of the sleeve 286 is a transition fit with the inner diameter of the drilled hole for installation. The sleeve 286 is made of an insulating material, the washer 287 is made of an insulating and elastic polymer resin, and the bolt body 282 and nut 289 are made of conductive metal.

[0153] As shown in Figures 35 and 41, the assembly process of the positive electrode terminal 227 is to install the positive electrode terminal 227 in the third mounting hole 228. The third mounting hole 228 is set on the top cover 226, and the expansion screw 290 is pressed into the third mounting hole 228. Because the sleeve 286 is overfitted with the third mounting hole 228, the presence of the through-cut groove 281 causes the insert 286 to become smaller and fit tightly against the bolt body 284, making it more difficult for the bolt body 282 to move. Tighten the nut 289 to squeeze the plug 283 into the sleeve 286, causing it to expand, thereby fixing the expansion screw 290. A second nut 303 and a second spring washer 304 are set above the positive electrode terminal 227. The second spring washer 304 and the second mounting hole 298 of the connecting wire are passed through the bolt tail 285 of the positive electrode terminal 227. The second nut 303 is rotated on the bolt tail 285 to tighten the second spring washer 304 and the rear end 299 of the connecting wire to the positive electrode terminal 227. A second conductive rubber 302 is used to seal the space between the nut 289 and the second nut 303. This prevents sparks from forming due to the slight gap between the positive connecting wire 223, the nut 289 of the positive electrode terminal 227, and the second spring washer 304. This could instantly heat the surrounding air and cause the battery case 4 to rise sharply in temperature. The second conductive rubber 302 converts the electrical energy generated by the sparks into heat energy.

[0154] As shown in Figures 35 and 43 , the assembly process for the first negative electrode terminal 236 involves providing a second battery housing mounting hole 306 on the battery housing bottom plate 251, and installing the first negative electrode terminal 236 into the second battery housing mounting hole 306. An expansion screw 290 is pressed into the second battery housing mounting hole 306. Because the sleeve 286 is a transition fit within the second battery housing mounting hole 306, the sleeve 286 is reduced in size during installation due to the through-cut groove 281, thus fitting snugly against the bolt body 284 and making it more difficult for the bolt body 282 to move. The nut 289 is tightened, and the bolt head 283 is forced into the sleeve 286, causing it to expand and thereby tighten the expansion screw 290. The second tab 362 is connected to the second current collecting tray 234, which is in turn connected to the first negative electrode terminal 236. A second mounting opening 233 is provided on the first insulator 231, through which the first negative electrode terminal 236 is electrically connected to the second current collecting plate 234. After the first negative electrode terminal 236 is connected to the bottom electrode connection terminal 292, a third conductive rubber seal 307 is used to seal the gap between the spring washer 288 and the bottom electrode connection terminal 292. This prevents sparks from forming in the tiny gap between the elastic gasket 288 and the bottom electrode connection terminal 132, which could rapidly heat the surrounding air and the battery case 4. The third conductive rubber seal 307 converts the electrical energy generated by the sparks into heat.

[0155] As shown in Figures 35 and 44 , the assembly process for the second negative electrode terminal 248 involves providing a third mounting hole 308 on the battery housing bottom 251, and installing the second negative electrode terminal 248 within the third mounting hole 308. An expansion screw 290 is pressed into the third mounting hole 308. Because the sleeve 286 is a transition fit within the third mounting hole 308, during installation, the sleeve 286 shrinks due to the through-cut 281, fitting snugly against the bolt body 284 and making it more difficult for the bolt body 282 to move. Tightening the nut 289 causes the bolt head 283 to squeeze into the sleeve 286, causing it to expand, thereby tightening the expansion screw 290. The second tab 362 is connected to the second current collecting tray 234, which in turn is connected to the second negative electrode terminal 248. A third mounting opening 249 is provided on the first insulator 231, through which the second negative electrode terminal 248 is connected to the second current collecting plate 234. After the second negative electrode terminal 248 is connected to the bottom electrode connection terminal 292, a fourth conductive rubber seal 309 is used to seal the gap between the spring washer 288 and the bottom electrode connection terminal 292. This prevents sparks from forming in the slight gap between the spring washer 288 and the bottom electrode connection terminal 292, which could cause the surrounding air to heat up instantly and the battery case 4 to rise sharply in temperature. The fourth conductive rubber seal 309 converts the electrical energy generated by the sparks into heat energy.

[0156] As shown in Figures 61-63, the first embodiment of the annular single cell 356 comprises a first current collecting disc 232, a second current collecting disc 234, a first sealing ring 357, a second sealing ring 363, and a winding core 243. A second terminal 366 is disposed within the winding core 243. The second terminal 366 is a hollow, annular structure. A fourth thread 367 is disposed within the second terminal 366, and a fifth thread 368 is disposed on the exterior of the second terminal 366. A second insulating material 369 is applied to the exterior of the fifth thread 368. A first sealing ring 357 is disposed on the first current collecting disc 232. The first sealing ring 357 is provided with a first circular hole 346, a second circular hole 358, and first welding seams 359. Seven first welding seams 359 are located corresponding to the first welding seams 384 on the first current collecting disc 232. A second sealing ring 363 is provided on the second current collecting disc 234. A third circular hole 347 and a second welding seam 364 of the sealing ring are provided in the second sealing ring 363. There are seven second welding seams 364 of the sealing ring. Their positions correspond to the positions of the second welding seams 400 on the second current collecting disc 234. The first sealing ring 357 and the second sealing ring 363 are both made of conductive rubber. Conductive rubber (Conductive rubber) Conductive rubber is a material in which conductive particles such as silver-plated glass, silver-plated aluminum, and silver are evenly distributed in silicone rubber. The conductive particles are brought into contact through pressure to achieve good conductive properties. It is used commercially. Its main functions are sealing and electromagnetic shielding. The product can be molded or extruded, and is available in sheet or other punched shapes. The shielding performance is as high as 120dB (10GHz). It is divided into CONSIL-NC (graphite-plated nickel-filled silicone rubber), CONSIL-V (silver-filled silicone rubber extrusion gasket), CONSIL-A (aluminum-plated silver-filled silicone rubber), CONSIL-N (nickel-plated silver-filled silicone rubber), CONSIL-C (copper-plated silver-filled silicone rubber), SC-CONSIL (graphite-filled silicone rubber), CONSIL-R (pure silver-filled silicone rubber), CONSIL-II (silver-filled silicone rubber molded gasket), etc.

[0157] The thickness of the first sealing ring 357 and the second sealing ring 363 is 1-3 mm. The core 243 is heated to 80°C to 120°C and then assembled into place using a low-temperature assembly method. The core 243 is tightly secured to the fifth thread 368 of the second pole 366, while the second pole 366 remains at room temperature. The core 243 is tab-less.

[0158] As shown in Figures 64 and 65, the second embodiment of the annular single battery cell 356: the first sealing ring 357 is not provided at the lower part of the first collecting disk 232, and the second sealing ring 363 is not provided at the upper part of the second collecting disk 234. Other settings are the same as the first embodiment of the annular single battery cell 356.

[0159] As shown in Figures 66-70, a first protrusion 385 is provided on the surface of the first current collecting disc 232. A first weld seam 384 is formed in a multi-petal shape. A liquid injection hole 383 is provided on the first current collecting disc 232, and a sixth thread 392 is provided within the liquid injection hole 383. A first opening 380 is provided in the center of the first current collecting disc 232. The diameter of the first opening 380 is larger than the diameter of the second terminal 366. A downward-facing first curled edge 382 is provided on the first edge 381 of the first current collecting disc 232. A first angle 393 between the first current collecting disc 232 along the X-axis and the first curled edge 382 along the Y-axis is between 60° and 90°. A second angle 394 between the first current collecting disc 232 along the X-axis and the first curled edge 382 along the Y-axis is between 60° and 90°. A seventh thread 395 is provided within the first bead 382 of the first current collecting plate 232. This seventh thread 395 serves to increase friction after the first current collecting plate 232 is mounted on the first electrode tab 360. Seven first weld seams 384 are punched into the first current collecting plate 232. These first weld seams 384 are used to weld the first electrode tab 360 located on the upper portion of the winding core 243. The first current collecting plate 232 is made of metal, particularly aluminum. A first electrolyte circulation channel 386 is provided within the first edge 381 of the first current collecting plate 232. This first channel 386 is connected to the injection hole 383 and is used to infuse electrolyte into the various layers of the winding core 243 away from the injection hole 383. An injection tube 388 is mounted on the injection hole 383. This tube 388 comprises an eighth thread 389, a first connection point 390, and a ninth thread 391. The tube 388 is made of a non-conductive, non-metallic material. Apply adhesive to the ninth thread 391 and tighten the injection tube 388 to the sixth thread 392 of the first collecting plate 232 through the ninth thread 391. Apply adhesive to the first connection point 390, which is used to connect to the second mounting hole 242 of the top cover 226.

[0160] As shown in Figures 71-73, a second current collecting disc protrusion 401 is provided on the surface of the second current collecting disc 234. A second opening 396 is provided in the center of the second current collecting disc 234. The diameter of the second opening 396 is larger than that of the second terminal 366. A second bead 398 is provided on the second edge 397 of the second current collecting disc 234. The direction of the second bead 398 is opposite to that of the second current collecting disc protrusion 401. A third angle 402 between the second current collecting disc 234 along the X-axis and the second bead 398 along the Y-axis is between 60° and 90°. A fourth angle 403 between the second current collecting disc 234 along the X-axis and the second bead 398 along the Y-axis is between 60° and 90°. The interior of the second current collecting disc 234 includes a tenth thread 404, which serves to increase friction when the second current collecting disc 234 is mounted on the second terminal lug 362.

[0161] Seven second weld seams 400 are punched into the second current collecting tray 234. These seams are used to weld to the second tab 362 at the bottom of the winding core 243. The second current collecting tray 234 is made of metal, particularly copper. Second electrolyte circulation channels 399 are provided within the second bead 398 of the second current collecting tray 234. Under the influence of gravity, the electrolyte concentrates toward the bottom of the winding core 243. Once the second electrolyte circulation channels 399 are filled with electrolyte, the electrolyte permeates all layers of the winding core 243, achieving even distribution of the electrolyte.

[0162] As shown in Figure 74, a certain width of lithium battery positive electrode active material slurry is applied to the surface of aluminum foil 378 to form positive electrode sheet coating strips 377. Positive electrode sheet coating strips 377 are arranged on both sides of aluminum foil 378, and a certain width of first blank base strip 375 is retained without any coating. The width of first blank base strip 375 is 1 to 6 mm, resulting in positive electrode sheet 379. A certain width of lithium battery negative electrode active material slurry is applied to the surface of copper foil 371 to form negative electrode sheet coating strips 373. Negative electrode sheet coating strips 373 are arranged on both sides of copper foil 371, and a certain width of second blank base strip 376 is retained without any coating. The width of second blank base strip 376 is 1 to 6 mm, resulting in negative electrode sheet 372. The first separator 370, the negative electrode sheet 372, the second separator 374, and the positive electrode sheet 379 are stacked in sequence. After overlapping, the four are wound on the second pole 366 to form a winding core 243. The first blank base tape 375 of the positive electrode sheet and the second blank base tape 376 of the negative electrode sheet are respectively facing the two ends of the winding core 243. The second separator 374 completely covers the positive electrode sheet coating tape 377 and the negative electrode sheet coating tape 373.

[0163] The specific steps of the method for preparing the annular single cell 40 are as follows:

[0164] The annular single battery 40 is assembled by riveting the first pole 246 to the annular single battery shell 258 .

[0165] Step 1: Pre-flattening and flattening the wound core 243 to obtain the core 243 having the first electrode tab 360 and the second electrode tab 362 . The flattening machine is a conventional device for battery production.

[0166] Step 2: Heat the winding core 243 to 80°C to 120°C, and use a low-temperature assembly method to install the winding core 243 outside the second pole 366 and install it in place (the assembly principle diagram is shown in Figure 63);

[0167] Step 3: Clean the first collecting tray 232 and the second collecting tray 234;

[0168] Step 4: Place the first sealing ring 357 on the first tab 360;

[0169] Step 5: Heat the first collecting plate 232 to 150°C to 160°C, place the first collecting plate 232 on the first sealing ring 357 using a low-temperature assembly method, and install it in place (the assembly principle diagram is shown in Figures 62 and 63). Use laser welding to connect the first collecting plate 232 to the first tab 360. The welding area is welded into a straight line shape. There are seven first weld seams 384, and the weld width of the first weld seam 384 is 0.2 mm.

[0170] Step 6: Flip the prepared winding core 243 180 degrees;

[0171] Step 7: Place the second sealing ring 363 onto the second tab 362;

[0172] Step 8: Heat the second collecting plate 234 to 150°C to 160°C, place the second collecting plate 234 on top of the second sealing ring 363 using a low-temperature assembly method, and install it in place (the assembly principle diagram is shown in Figures 62 and 63). Use laser welding to connect the second collecting plate 234 to the second tab 362. The welding area is welded into a straight line. The number of second weld seams 400 is 7, and the weld width of the second weld seam 400 is 0.2 mm.

[0173] Step 9: Non-destructive testing to check weld quality (technical standards follow ASTM E-1417 and HDSPM-202 / 204);

[0174] Step 10: Tighten the second pole 366 of the annular single cell 356 onto the first pole 246 inside the annular single cell shell 258 , making close contact with the fifth spring washer 352 and installing it in place;

[0175] Step 11: Install the injection tube 388 on the injection hole 383;

[0176] Step 12: Install the positive electrode terminal 227 in the third mounting hole 228 of the top cover 226;

[0177] Step 13: Weld the positive electrode lead 230 to the first current collecting plate 232;

[0178] Step 14: Place the top cover 226 on the battery housing 258 and press it tightly;

[0179] Step 15: Laser circumferentially weld the top cover 226 to the battery housing 258;

[0180] Step 16: Tighten the injector 36 onto the injection tube 388;

[0181] Step 17: After exhausting, the liquid injector 36 is sealed as a whole, and the sealing film is made of plastic.

[0182] As shown in Figures 75-78, the container energy storage system 409 is a second embodiment of an electric vehicle endurance system consisting of a battery formation and injection system, ventilation, and cooling system. The electric vehicle endurance assurance system 3, consisting of the battery formation and injection system 35, the battery box air filtration system 32, and the annular single-cell battery cooling system 33, is installed within the container energy storage system 409. The container energy storage system 409 includes a metal container body 410 and a second battery box 418. A first battery compartment 411 and a second battery compartment 415 are located on either side of the container body 410, with a control compartment 413 located in the middle. A first isolation wall 412 is located between the first battery compartment 411 and the control compartment 413. A second isolation wall 414 is located between the control compartment 413 and the second battery compartment 41.

[0183] The control cabin 413 houses the battery management system (BMS), energy management system (EMS), fire protection system, and energy storage converter (PCS). These are arranged in two rows, horizontally and vertically.

[0184] Multiple second battery boxes 418 are installed in the first battery compartment 411 and the second battery compartment 415 of the container body 410. The second battery boxes 418 are arranged in two rows, with an internal corridor duct 416 between the two rows of second battery boxes 418. The second battery boxes 418 are arranged on either side of the first battery compartment 411 and the second battery compartment 415 in the container. The internal corridor duct 416 between the two rows of second battery boxes 418 also serves as a maintenance and installation passage. This maintenance and installation passage can also be used for installing the control and AC output systems, facilitating wiring.

[0185] As shown in FIG78 , the second battery box 418 is placed in a drawer-type frame 417. The front interior of the drawer-type frame 417 contains stacked second battery boxes 418. The second battery boxes 418 are arranged from top to bottom within the drawer-type frame 417. Multiple drawer-type frames 417 are provided in the first battery compartment 411 and the second battery compartment 415. In the battery pack 6 within the second battery box 418, the positive and negative electrodes of each annular single cell 40 are connected to a battery management unit 419. The battery management unit 419 collects voltage and internal resistance data for the annular single cells 40. The battery management units 419 of all battery packs 6 within the same second battery box 418 are connected to a battery management system 420. The battery management system 420 of the second battery box 418 is connected to an energy management system 421.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation liquid injection, air exchange, and cooling system, characterized in that: The battery formation and filling system (35), the battery box air filtration system (32), and the annular single-cell battery cooling system (33) installed on the electric vehicle constitute the electric vehicle endurance guarantee system (3). When using the electric vehicle (1), the high temperature generated during the operation of the annular single-cell battery (40) is reduced by the annular single-cell battery cooling system (33). The gas generated during the operation of the annular single-cell battery (40) is discharged and supplemented by the battery box air filtration system (32). The electrolyte lost during the operation of the annular single-cell battery (40) is replenished by the battery formation and filling system (35). A battery box (4) is installed on the electric vehicle chassis (2). A battery pack (6) is installed on the lower cover (7) inside the battery box (4), and an upper cover (5) is installed on the lower cover (7). The battery pack (6) is composed of multiple annular single-cell batteries (40). The battery formation and filling system (35) installed on the electric vehicle chassis (2) is composed of an electrolyte automatic replenishment control system (45), an electrolyte conveyor (28), a liquid delivery pipe (29), an injector (36), an annular single-cell battery (40), a first non-contact liquid level sensor (37), a second non-contact liquid level sensor (38), and a third non-contact liquid level sensor (39) connected together. The electrolyte automatic replenishment control system (45) is simultaneously connected to the servo motor (15) of the electrolyte conveyor (28), the first non-contact liquid level sensor (37), the second non-contact liquid level sensor (38), and the third non-contact liquid level sensor (39). The electrolyte conveyor (28) is connected to the electrolyte delivery pipe (29), the electrolyte delivery pipe (29) is connected to the injector (36), the injector (36) is connected to the annular single-cell battery (40), and the first non-contact liquid level sensor (37) and the second non-contact liquid level sensor (38) are connected to the programmable controller (48). The battery box air filtration system (32) is composed of a battery box air filter (43), a third one-way valve (147), a fourth one-way valve (148), a battery box intake pipe (31), a plug (30), a socket (8), and a battery box exhaust pipe (34) connected together. The annular single-cell battery cooling system (33) is composed of a radiator (329), an electrothermal chamber (342), a water pump (332), and a first liquid total exchanger (313), a liquid exchanger (253), and a second liquid total exchanger (328) inside the battery box (4) connected together.

2. The electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation, liquid injection, air exchange and cooling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery formation and filling system (35), the battery box air filtration system (32), and the ring-shaped single cell cooling system (33) installed on the electric vehicle constitute the electric vehicle endurance guarantee system (3). When using the electric vehicle (1), the high temperature generated during the operation of the ring-shaped single cell (40) is reduced by the ring-shaped single cell cooling system (33). The gas generated during the operation of the ring-shaped single cell (40) is discharged and supplemented by the battery box air filtration system (32). The electrolyte lost during the operation of the ring-shaped single cell (40) is replenished by the battery formation and filling system (35). A battery box (4) is installed on the electric vehicle chassis (2). A battery pack (6) is installed on the lower cover (7) inside the battery box (4), and an upper cover (5) is installed on the lower cover (7). The battery pack (6) is composed of multiple ring-shaped single cells (40). The battery formation and filling system (35) installed on the electric vehicle chassis (2) is composed of an electrolyte automatic replenishment control system (45), an electrolyte conveyor (28), an infusion pipe (29), an injector (36), a ring-shaped single cell (40), a first non-contact liquid level sensor (37), a second non-contact liquid level sensor (38), and a third non-contact liquid level sensor (39) connected together. The electrolyte automatic replenishment control system (45) is simultaneously connected to the servo motor (15) of the electrolyte conveyor (28), the first non-contact liquid level sensor (37), the second non-contact liquid level sensor (38), and the third non-contact liquid level sensor (39). The electrolyte conveyor (28) is connected to the electrolyte delivery pipe (29). The electrolyte delivery pipe (29) is connected to the injector (36). The injector (36) is connected to the ring-shaped single cell (40). The first non-contact liquid level sensor (37) and the second non-contact liquid level sensor (38) are connected to the programmable controller (48). The battery box air filtration system (32) is composed of a battery box air filter (43), a third one-way valve (147), a fourth one-way valve (148), a battery box intake pipe (31), a plug (30), a socket (8), and a battery box exhaust pipe (34) connected together. The ring-shaped single cell cooling system (33) is composed of a radiator (329), an electric heating chamber (342), a water pump (332), and a first liquid total exchanger (313), a liquid exchanger (253), and a second liquid total exchanger (328) inside the battery box (4) connected together. A liquid injector (36) is provided on the liquid injection pipe (388) of the annular single-cell battery (40) in the battery box (4). The liquid outlet (182) of the liquid injector (36) is connected to the eighth thread (389) of the liquid injection pipe (388). On the frontmost row of annular single-cell batteries (40) in the battery box (4), a first non-contact liquid level sensor (37) is provided. The first non-contact liquid level sensor (37) is set at the highest liquid level of the first row of annular single-cell batteries (40) to detect whether the liquid level of the first row of annular single-cell batteries (40) has risen to its highest liquid level. When it is detected that the liquid level of the first row of annular single-cell batteries (40) has risen to its highest liquid level, a first trigger signal is sent to the programmable controller (48). On the annular single-cell batteries (40) in the middle of the battery box (4), a second non-contact liquid level sensor (38) is provided. The second non-contact liquid level sensor (38) is set at the lowest liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries (40) in the middle to detect whether the liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries (40) in the middle has dropped to its lowest liquid level. When it is detected that the liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries (40) in the middle has dropped to its lowest liquid level, a second trigger signal is sent to the programmable controller (48). On the annular single-cell batteries (40) at the rearmost end of the battery box, a third non-contact liquid level sensor (39) is provided. The third non-contact liquid level sensor (39) is set at the highest liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries (40) at the rearmost end to detect whether the liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries (40) at the rearmost end has risen to its highest liquid level. When it is detected that the liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries (40) at the rearmost end has risen to its highest liquid level, a third trigger signal is sent to the programmable controller (48). When the programmable controller (48) receives the first trigger signal and the third trigger signal, the servo motor (15) is turned off. When the second trigger signal is received, the electrolyte conveyor (28) starts to work, and the electrolyte in the second electrolyte storage bottle (9) is conveyed into the liquid injector (36). The liquid level in the liquid injector (36) is automatically maintained between the highest liquid level and the lowest liquid level to ensure that electrolyte is provided to each annular single-cell battery (40). N first non-contact liquid level sensors (37), second non-contact liquid level sensors (38), and third non-contact liquid level sensors (39) are also provided on the annular single-cell batteries (40) in the battery box as needed.

3. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation, liquid injection, air exchange, and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Install a servo motor (15) on the electrolyte conveyor (28). The electrolyte conveyor (28) is connected to the electrolyte delivery pipe (29). The automatic electrolyte replenishment control system (45) includes a programmable logic controller (48), a servo motor (15), a first non-contact liquid level sensor (37), a second non-contact liquid level sensor (38), a third non-contact liquid level sensor (39), a liquid level indicator light (44), a programmer (46), and an I / O expansion unit (51). Other peripherals (52) and an alarm indicator light (57) are connected to the programmable logic controller (48). A peripheral interface (47), a memory (49), an I / O expansion interface (50), an input module (54), a power supply module (55), and an output module (56) are connected to a microprocessor (53). The programmer (46) and the peripheral interface (47) are connected to other peripherals (52). The I / O expansion interface (50) is connected to the I / O expansion unit (51). The servo motor (15) and the alarm indicator light (57) are connected to the output module (56). The liquid level indicator light (44), the first non-contact liquid level sensor (37), the second non-contact liquid level sensor (38), and the third non-contact liquid level sensor (39) are connected to the input module (54). The programmer (46) programs the program of the programmable logic controller (48) according to different control requirements. The memory (49) is used to store user programs, system programs and other data. The I / O expansion interface (50) is connected to the I / O expansion unit (51) to expand input and output devices. The input module (54) is used to receive the first trigger signal, the second trigger signal and the third trigger signal sent by the first non-contact liquid level sensor (37), the second non-contact liquid level sensor (38) and the third non-contact liquid level sensor (39), and forwards the received signals to the microprocessor (53). The first non-contact liquid level sensor (37), the second non-contact liquid level sensor (38) and the third non-contact liquid level sensor (39) are separate optoelectronic liquid level sensors or capacitive liquid level sensors. The microprocessor (53) will perform corresponding control only after receiving the corresponding trigger signal to ensure the normal operation of the entire system. The output module (56) is connected to the servo motor (15). The microprocessor (53) is connected to the servo motor (15) through the output module (56). When the microprocessor (53) performs corresponding control according to the relevant trigger signal, it sends a corresponding control signal to the servo motor (15) through the output module (56) to control the opening or closing of the servo motor (15). The power supply module (55) is used to provide the working voltage required for the input module (54), the output module (56) and the microprocessor (53). The liquid level indicator (44) is used to indicate the liquid level and issue a light signal alarm. The programmable logic controller (48) can detect the signal of the liquid level indicator (44), and when detecting the signal of the liquid level indicator (44), it controls the alarm indicator (57) to emit an alarm signal to prompt the driver of the liquid level state at the lowest liquid level of the annular single battery (40) in the middle of the battery box (4) corresponding to the second non-contact liquid level sensor (38).

4. A battery-powered electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation filling, air exchange, and cooling system, characterized in that: Pass the first screw rod (18) through the first mounting hole (19) to install the electrolyte conveyor (28) on the electric vehicle chassis (2). The electrolyte conveyor (28) includes a mounting frame (16), a housing (17), a rotating drum (25), an infusion machine (14) and an exhaust machine (22). The mounting frame (16) is arranged on the front side of the rotating drum (25), the housings (17) are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame (16), the rotating drum (25) is arranged between the lower sides of the front sides of the two housings (17), a liquid outlet pipe (27) is arranged at the lower part of the rotating drum (25), the infusion machine (14) is arranged on the housing (17), and the exhaust machine (22) is arranged above the rotating drum (25). The infusion machine (14) includes a support (13), a servo motor (15), a liquid guide tube (24), a liquid pushing rotating block (64), and a first rotating shaft (65). The support (13) is arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting frame (16) at the rear side. The servo motor (15) is mounted on the two supports (13) of the infusion machine (14). The output shaft of the servo motor (15) is connected to the first rotating shaft (65). The liquid pushing rotating block (64) is arranged on the first rotating shaft (65). The liquid guide tube (24) is arranged below the liquid pushing rotating block (64). The liquid guide tube (24) is connected to the liquid pushing rotating block (64). The first rotating shaft (65) is rotatably connected to the housing (17). The exhaust machine (22) includes an exhaust cylinder (66), a gas guide tube (72), a first one-way valve (21), a second one-way valve (23), a guide rod (67), a top plate (68), a support plate (69), a piston rod (70), and a first spring (71). The exhaust cylinder (66) and the gas guide tube (72) arranged on the top plate (68) are connected to the rotating cylinder (25). The first one-way valve (21) is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the exhaust cylinder (66). The second one-way valve (23) is arranged at the rear side of the gas guide tube (72). The support plate (69) is arranged at the front side inside the mounting frame (16). The guide rods (67) are arranged on the front and rear sides between the support plate (69) and the mounting frame (16). The top plate (68) is slidably arranged between the two guide rods (67). After the liquid pushing rotating block (64) rotates, it contacts the top plate (68). The piston rod (70) is welded on the upper side of the top plate (68). The piston rod (70) is slidably connected to the exhaust cylinder (66). A first spring (71) is connected between the top plate (68) and the exhaust cylinder (66). The first spring (71) is wound around the piston rod (70). A first bottle mouth (83) is arranged on the first electrolyte storage bottle (10). A second bottle mouth (84) is arranged on the second electrolyte storage bottle (9). The first electrolyte storage bottle (10) is mounted on the first base (11). The second electrolyte storage bottle (9) is mounted on the second base 20. The second bottle mouth (84) is connected to the liquid guide tube (24). The first bottle mouth (83) is connected to the liquid guide tube (24). The electrolyte delivery tube (29) is connected to the liquid outlet tube (27) below the rotating cylinder (25). The electrolytes in the first electrolyte storage bottle (10) and the second electrolyte storage bottle (9) flow into the rotating cylinder (25) through the liquid guide tube (24). The gas contained in the electrolyte is located above the rotating cylinder (25). A gas-liquid separator (26) is provided on the electrolyte conveyor (28). The gas-liquid separator (26) includes a stirring frame (59), a worm (60), a second rotating shaft (61), a first support block (62), a turbine (63), a guide wheel (74), a belt (75), and a third rotating shaft (76). Guide wheels (74) are provided on the front sides of the left and right sides of the mounting frame (16). The guide wheels (74) are rotatably connected to the outer shell (17) on the same side. A second rotating shaft (61) is provided on the lower side of the outer shell (17). The second rotating shaft (61) is rotatably connected to the rotating drum (25). Transmission wheels are wound with belts (75) between the left and right sides of the first rotating shaft (65) and the second rotating shafts (61) on the same side. The belts (75) bypass the guide wheels (74) on the same side. A third rotating shaft (76) is rotatably provided on the lower side inside the rotating drum (25). A turbine (63) is provided on the lower side of the third rotating shaft (76). A stirring frame (59) is welded on the upper side of the third rotating shaft (76). First support blocks (62) are fixedly connected by bolts on the lower sides of the left and right sides inside the rotating drum (25). The second rotating shaft (61) is rotatably connected to the first support block (62) on the same side. A worm (60) is connected between the two second rotating shafts (61). The worm (60) meshes with the turbine (63).

5. The electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation liquid injection, air exchange and cooling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrator (36) of the electrolyte conveyor (28) includes a convex block (89), a second support block (85), a sliding rod (88), a second spring (87), and a pressing block (86). Convex blocks (89) are welded on both of the two second rotating shafts (61). Second support blocks (85) are provided on the rear sides of the lower parts of the left and right sides of the rotating drum (25). Sliding rods (88) are welded on the lower parts of the left and right sides of the second support blocks (85). There are four sliding rods (88). A pressing block (86) is slidably provided between two adjacent sliding rods (88). The pressing block (86) contacts the convex block (89) on the same side. Second springs (87) are connected between the lower parts of the left and right sides of the pressing block (86) and the sliding rods (88) on the same side. There are four second springs (87). The second springs (87) are wound around the sliding rods (88). The converter (80) of the electrolyte conveyor (28) includes a guide frame (96), a moving frame (97), a rotating rod (95), a spur gear (94), a rack (98), and a flow-stop block (99). A guide frame (96) is welded on the upper side of the rear part of the mounting frame (16). A moving frame (97) is slidably provided on the guide frame (96). Rotating rods (95) are rotatably provided on the rear sides of the left and right sides of the liquid guide pipe (24). Flow-stop blocks (99) are welded on the lower sides of the two rotating rods (95). Spur gears (94) are provided on the upper sides of the two rotating rods (95). A rack (98) is provided on the lower side of the moving frame (97). The rack (98) meshes with the spur gear (94). The first base (11) of the electrolyte conveyor (28) includes a third support block (92), a telescopic rod (93), a clamping block (91) and a third spring (90). Two third support blocks (92) are welded to both the left and right sides of the mounting frame (16), and four third support blocks (92) are provided. Telescopic rods (93) are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the third support block (92) near the inside, and eight telescopic rods (93) are provided. A clamping block (91) is connected between the inner sides of two adjacent telescopic rods (93), and four clamping blocks (91) are provided. Third springs (90) are connected between the upper and lower sides of the clamping block (91) and the telescopic rod (93) on the same side, and eight third springs (90) are provided. The third spring (90) is wound around the telescopic rod (93). Manually move the clamping block (91) outward, the telescopic rod (93) is compressed, and the third spring (90) is compressed. Install the first electrolyte storage bottle (10) on the first base (11). After placing it, release the clamping block (91), so that the third spring (90) resets and drives the clamping block (91) to move inward, causing the telescopic rod (93) to be stretched, thereby achieving the clamping effect. When the first electrolyte storage bottle (10) needs to be replaced, after moving the clamping block (91) outward according to the above steps, take out the empty infusion bottle. The rotation of the first rotating shaft (65) drives the rotation of the belt (75), thereby causing the second rotating shaft (61) and the guide wheel (74) to rotate, making the worm (60) rotate, and then the turbine (63) and the third rotating shaft (76) rotate, causing the stirring frame (59) to rotate. At this time, the stirring frame (59) stirs the electrolyte in the rotating cylinder (25) so as to quickly discharge the gas in the electrolyte. The rotation of the second rotating shaft (61) drives the rotation of the convex block (89). When the protruding part of the convex block (89) contacts the pressing block (86), the convex block (89) drives the pressing block (86) on the same side to move upward, thereby stretching the second spring (87). When the pressing block (86) moves upward and contacts the second support block (85) on the same side, the pressing block (86) knocks on the second support block (85), causing the second support block (85) and the rotating cylinder (25) to vibrate, strengthening the gas-liquid separation effect. When the protruding part of the convex block (89) moves away from the pressing block (86), the second spring (87) resets and drives the pressing block (86) to move downward and reset. At this time, the right side of the liquid guide pipe (24) is in a closed state, and the left side of the liquid guide pipe (24) is in an open state, enabling the electrolyte in the first electrolyte storage bottle (10) to flow into the rotating cylinder (25) through the liquid guide pipe (24). When there is no electrolyte in the first electrolyte storage bottle (10), manually move the moving frame (97) to the right, thereby causing the rack (98) to move to the right, making the spur gear (94) and the rotating rod (95) rotate, and then the flow stop block (99) rotate. When the moving frame (97) moves to the right to an appropriate distance, stop moving the moving frame (97). At this time, the right side of the liquid guide pipe (24) is in an open state, and the left side of the liquid guide pipe (24) is in a closed state, enabling the electrolyte in the second electrolyte storage bottle (9) to flow into the rotating cylinder (25) through the liquid guide pipe (24). At this time, take out the empty first electrolyte storage bottle (10) and place the first electrolyte storage bottle (10) filled with electrolyte on the left side of the mounting rack (16). When there is no electrolyte in the second electrolyte storage bottle (9), move the moving frame (97) to the left according to the above steps. When the moving frame (97) moves to the left to an appropriate position, stop moving the moving frame (97) to the left.

6. The electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation liquid injection, air exchange and cooling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte in the electrolyte conveyor (28) flows into the injector (36) through the infusion pipe (29). The electrolyte enters the injection pipe (388), passes through the injection hole (383), and converges into the first channel (386), and the electrolyte penetrates into each layer of the core (243). The servo motor (15) is started. The output shaft of the servo motor (15) rotates to drive the first rotating shaft (65) to rotate, and the liquid-pushing rotating block (64) is pushed to rotate. Since the liquid-pushing rotating block (64) contacts the liquid guide pipe (24) at this time, the liquid-pushing rotating block (64) increases the pressure on the electrolyte in the liquid guide pipe (24). When the liquid-pushing rotating block (64) rotates away from the liquid guide pipe (24), the electrolyte in the liquid guide pipe (24) quickly flows into the rotating cylinder (25). When the liquid-pushing rotating block (64) rotates and contacts the top plate (69), the liquid-pushing rotating block (64) drives the top plate (69) to move upward, so that the piston rod (71) moves upward, and the first spring (72) is compressed. At this time, the piston rod (71) discharges the air flow in the exhaust cylinder (66) through the first one-way valve (21). When the liquid-pushing rotating block (64) rotates away from the top plate (69), the first spring (72) resets and drives the top plate (69) to move downward and reset, so that the piston rod (71) moves downward. At this time, the air pressure in the exhaust cylinder (66) changes, so that the gas above the rotating cylinder (25) flows into the exhaust cylinder (66) through the air guide pipe (72) and the second one-way valve (23). When the liquid-pushing rotating block (64) rotates and contacts the top plate (69) again, the liquid-pushing rotating block (64) drives the top plate (69) to move upward. At this time, the piston rod (71) discharges the gas according to the above steps. When the second electrolyte storage bottle (9) is completed during the process of transporting the electrolyte, the electrolyte in the first electrolyte storage bottle (10) is automatically started for transportation. After the electrolyte transportation is completed, the servo motor (15) is turned off.

7. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation injection, ventilation, and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery box air filtration system (32) is composed of a battery box air filter (43), a third one-way valve (147), a fourth one-way valve (148), a battery box intake pipe (31), a plug (30), a socket (8), and a battery box exhaust pipe (34). Connect the body air inlet (118) of the fourth one-way valve (148) to the rear end of the second air inlet (166), connect the filter outlet pipe (42) to the battery box intake pipe (31), connect the battery box intake pipe (31) to the first clean air inlet (123), connect the first clean air inlet (123) to the second air inlet (166), and connect the rear end of the second air inlet (166) to the body air inlet (118) of the fourth one-way valve (148) to form a clean air intake system. Connect the body air outlet (114) of the third one-way valve (147) to the rear end of the second air outlet (167), connect the second air outlet (167) to the first air outlet (129), and connect the first air outlet (129) to the battery box exhaust pipe (34) to form a battery box exhaust gas system. Set the battery box exhaust pipe (34) on the plug (30). The battery box air filter (43) is formed by snap-fitting an upper housing (106) and a lower housing (107). A lower housing resonance member (108) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the lower housing (107). The upper and lower ends of the lower housing (107) are open. Set the noise-reducing lower housing resonance member (108) at the lower open end of the lower housing (107) and perform hot plate welding with the lower housing (107). There are multiple groups of longitudinal reinforcing ribs (112) on the outer peripheral walls of the upper housing (106) and the lower housing (107) to increase the structural strength. An air guide shell (110) is integrally formed on the lower housing resonance member (108), and a filter intake pipe (109) is integrally formed at the outer end of the air guide shell (110). A filter outlet pipe (42) connected to the inner cavity is set on the upper housing (106). The filter outlet pipe (42) is connected to the battery box intake pipe (31), and the battery box intake pipe (31) is connected to the plug (30) on the electric vehicle chassis (2). The lower edge of the side wall of the upper housing (106) bends outward and downward to form a snap edge, and the upper edge of the side wall of the lower housing (107) bends outward and upward to form a snap edge;The buckle edge of the lower housing (107) is embedded into the buckle edge of the upper housing (106). The upper housing (106) and the lower housing (107) are connected by screws. A filter element (111) is arranged between the upper housing (106) and the lower housing (107). The filter element (111) includes a box-shaped housing that is open at both the top and the bottom. A filter paper (103) is arranged inside the housing. In order to improve the sealing performance, an elastic sealing ring 104 is arranged between the buckle edge of the upper housing (106) and the buckle edge of the lower housing (107). Gas enters the gas flow channel of the air guide housing (110) through the air filter inlet pipe (109), and diffuses into the interior of the lower housing (107). The air entering the lower housing (107) flows through the filter element (111) and then enters the inner cavity of the upper housing (106). The filter paper (103) in the filter element (111) filters the air. The purified air enters the battery box (4) through the air filter outlet pipe (42), the battery box inlet pipe (31), the first clean air inlet (123), the second air inlet (166), and the fourth one-way valve (148). The gas generated when the annular single cell (40) operates is discharged outside the battery box (4) through the third one-way valve (147), the second air outlet (167), the first air outlet (129), and the battery box exhaust pipe (34). The one-way valve (113) includes a valve body (117), a fourth spring (115) and a spring seat (116). A valve body air inlet (118) is provided at one end of the valve body (117), and a valve body air outlet (114) is provided at the other end. Compressed air enters from the valve body air inlet (118), overcomes the spring force and friction force to move the spring seat (116) of the one-way valve (113), and the valve port (119) is opened. The compressed gas flows from the valve body air inlet (118) to the valve body air outlet (114); when there is no compressed gas at the valve body air inlet (118), under the spring force of the fourth spring (115), the spring seat (116) returns to its original position, the valve port (119) is in the closed state, and the air flow from the valve body air inlet (118) to the valve body air outlet (114) is blocked.

8. A range extension system for an electric vehicle consisting of a battery formation injection, ventilation, and cooling system, characterized in that: The magnetic adsorption and plug-and-play dual-action connector system (130) has a plug (30) and a socket (8). The plug (30) is installed on the electric vehicle chassis (2), and the socket (8) is installed on the battery box (4). The plug (30) has a plug housing (138), a plug shock-absorbing rubber ball (137), a first opening (131), a second opening (132), a third opening (133), a fourth opening (134), a fifth opening (135), a sixth opening (136), a floating plug body (141), and a front end of the floating plug body (146). Mounted on the front end of the floating plug body (146) are a first N-pole magnet cone locator (130), a second N-pole magnet cone locator (124), a first high-voltage positive plug-in connector (125), a first high-voltage negative plug-in connector (127), a first grounding plug-in connector (126), a first pin array (120), a first cooling liquid inlet (121), a first cooling liquid outlet (128), a first clean air inlet (123), a first air outlet (129), and a first electrolyte inlet 122. The first pin array (120) is set to 2 rows of 12 small-current pins. The plug shock-absorbing rubber ball (137) is installed inside the plug housing (138) between the plug housing (138) and the floating plug body (141). The plug shock-absorbing rubber ball (137) is in close contact with the inner wall of the plug housing (138) and the outside of the floating plug body (141), having an elastic and buffering effect. The first opening (131) is the connecting pipe for the first clean air inlet (123) and the first air outlet (129), and the passage into the electric vehicle chassis (2). The second opening (132) is the passage for the wires connecting the first high-voltage positive plug-in connector (125), the first high-voltage negative plug-in connector (127), and the first grounding plug-in connector (126) to enter the electric vehicle chassis (2). The third opening (133) is the passage for the connecting wire of the first pin array (120) to enter the electric vehicle chassis (2). The fourth opening (134) is the passage for the first cooling liquid inlet (121) and the first cooling liquid outlet (128) to enter and exit the electric vehicle chassis (2). The fifth opening (135) is the passage for the first electrolyte inlet 122 to enter the electric vehicle chassis (2). The socket (8) has a floating socket body (148), a socket housing (149), a seventh opening (150), an eighth opening (151), a ninth opening (152), a tenth opening (153), an eleventh opening (154), a twelfth opening (156), and a socket shock-absorbing rubber ball (157). On the front end (145) of the floating socket body of the floating socket body (148), a first S-pole magnet inverted cone locator (168), a second S-pole magnet inverted cone locator (159), a second high-voltage positive connector (160), a second high-voltage negative connector (163), a second ground connector (161), a second pin base (162), a second cooling liquid inlet (164), a second cooling liquid outlet (165), a second air inlet (166), a second air outlet (167), and a second electrolyte inlet (169) are installed. The second pin base (162) is arranged with 12 small-current jacks in 2 rows. The socket shock-absorbing rubber ball (157) is installed in the socket housing (149) between the socket housing (149) and the floating socket body (148). The socket shock-absorbing rubber ball (157) is in close contact with the inner wall of the socket housing (149) and the outside of the floating socket body (148) and has an elastic and buffering effect. The seventh opening (150) is the connecting pipe of the second air inlet (166) and the passage into the battery box (4). The eighth opening (151) is the connecting pipe of the second air outlet (167) and the passage into the battery box (4). The ninth opening (152) is the passage for the wires connecting the second high-voltage positive connector (160), the second high-voltage negative connector (163), and the second ground connector (161) to enter the battery box (4). The tenth opening (153) is the passage for the connecting wire of the second pin base (162) to enter the battery box (4). The eleventh opening (154) is the passage for the second cooling liquid inlet (164) and the second cooling liquid outlet (165) to enter and exit the battery box (4). The twelfth opening (156) is the passage for the second electrolyte inlet (169) to enter and exit the battery box (4). Insert the third check valve (147) through the seventh opening (150) into the socket housing (149), fix the valve body (117) of the third check valve (147) in the seventh opening (150), connect the gas outlet (114) of the valve body of the third check valve (147) to the rear end of the second air outlet (167), insert the fourth check valve (148) through the eighth opening (151) into the socket housing (149), fix the valve body (117) of the fourth check valve (148) in the eighth opening (151), connect the gas inlet (118) of the valve body of the fourth check valve (148) to the rear end of the second air inlet (166), insert the fifth check valve (155) through the twelfth opening (156) into the socket housing (149), fix the valve body (117) of the fifth check valve (155) in the twelfth opening (156), and connect the gas inlet (118) of the fifth check valve (155) to the rear end of the second electrolyte inlet (169).

9. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation liquid injection, air exchange and cooling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injector (36) vertically installed on the annular single cell (40) has the following functions: conveying electrolyte, discharging gas in the annular single cell (40), and preventing the electrolyte in the annular single cell (40) from flowing back to the infusion tube (29). The injector (36) is composed of a threaded connection between the upper housing (181) and the lower housing (186). The top end of the upper housing (181) is provided with a liquid inlet (183), and the bottom end of the lower housing (186) is provided with a liquid outlet (182). Connect the liquid inlet (183) of the injector (36) to the infusion tube (29), and connect the liquid outlet (182) of the injector (36) to the eighth thread (389) of the injection tube (388). The electrolyte enters the injection tube (388), passes through the injection hole (383), and converges into the first channel (386), and the electrolyte penetrates into each layer of the core (243).

10. A cruising range system for an electric vehicle composed of a battery formation, filling, air exchange and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealed chamber (203) is provided on the upper housing (181), a sealing body (187) is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber (203), the interior of the sealing body (187) is a hollow structure, a push rod (199) is connected to the bottom end of the sealing body (187), a sliding chamber (211) is sleeved outside the push rod (199), a fifth spring (210) is connected inside the sliding chamber (211), the end of the push rod (199) is connected to the fifth spring (210), the push rod (199) is slidably connected inside the sliding chamber (211), a side ring (212) is provided at the bottom end of the sliding chamber (211), a first filter screen (184) is provided on the outer wall of the sliding chamber (211), the sliding chamber (211) is snap-connected to the sealed chamber (203) through the first filter screen (184), an inclined surface matching the sealing body (187) is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber (203), the electrolyte in the infusion tube (29) enters the sealed chamber (203) to impact the sealing body (187), changing the distance between the sealing body (187) and the inclined surface on the inner wall of the sealed chamber (203), thereby changing the flow rate of the electrolyte. An exhaust port (206) is provided outside the upper housing (181), a sealing ring (200) is connected below the sliding chamber (211) on the inner wall of the upper housing (181), a partition is connected between the sealing ring (200) and the upper housing (181), and the partition is connected to the bottom end of the exhaust port (206). A detour chamber (188) is provided between the sealing ring (200) and the upper housing (181), the bottom end (207) of the detour chamber (188) is connected to the interior of the upper housing (181), the bottom end (207) of the detour chamber (188) is connected to the opening of each exhaust port (206), a water sealing layer (205) is installed on the inner wall of the exhaust port (206). After the gas in the annular single cell (40) is discharged, the gas can accumulate in the detour chamber (188). A rubber ring (201) is provided between the upper housing (181) and the lower housing (186), and the rubber ring (201) seals between the upper housing (181) and the lower housing (186) to prevent the leakage of the electrolyte. A first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (213) is provided at the bottom of the sealing ring (200), the first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (213) is a conical structure, a second liquid outlet pipe (214) is provided at the conical top of the first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (213), and the second liquid outlet pipe (214) is arranged in a spiral structure. A second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (215) is provided below the rubber ring (201), the second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (215) is a conical structure, a third liquid outlet pipe (216) is provided at the conical top of the second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (215), and the third liquid outlet pipe (216) is arranged in a spiral structure. N second liquid collection and backflow prevention plates (215) are provided between the first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (213) and the liquid outlet (182) as required.

11. A cruising range system for an electric vehicle composed of a battery formation, liquid injection, air exchange and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Under the action of the thrust, the electrolyte in the electrolyte conveyor (28) enters the sealed chamber (203), and pushes the seal body (187) towards the inclined plane in the sealed chamber (203). The electrolyte passes through the gap between the seal body (187) and the sealed chamber (203) and enters the first filter screen (184), and then drips onto the first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (213) through the first filter screen (184). The second liquid outlet pipe (214) quickly drips the electrolyte dripping onto the first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (213) onto the second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (215). The third liquid outlet pipe (216) drips the electrolyte dripping onto the second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (215) into the liquid injection pipe (388). The gas discharged from the annular single cell (40) enters below the second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (215) through the liquid injection pipe (388). The gas enters below the first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (213) through the third liquid outlet pipe (216). The gas enters the sealing ring (200) through the second liquid outlet pipe (214), and then enters the exhaust port (206) from the bottom end (207) of the detour chamber (188), and is discharged to the outside of the liquid injector (36). At this time, the gas contained in the electrolyte will stay at the top of the upper housing (181) and pass through the detour chamber (188) and be discharged from the exhaust port (206). The gas in the electrolyte accumulates in the detour chamber (188) to prevent the outside gas from passing through the liquid discharge port (182) and entering the upper housing (181) to contaminate the electrolyte. The electrolyte enters the liquid injection pipe (388) from the liquid discharge port (182), and then passes through the liquid injection holes (383) of the first current collector plate (232) in the liquid injection pipe (388) and converges into the first channel (386), and the electrolyte penetrates into each layer of the core 295. During the process of transporting the electrolyte, the amount of electrolyte in the electrolyte conveyor (28) will gradually decrease, and the pressure on the liquid injector (36) is also continuously decreasing, resulting in a slowdown in the flow rate of the electrolyte. However, at this time, the extrusion of the electrolyte on the seal body (187) will also gradually decrease. Under the push of the fifth spring (210), the seal body (187) moves upward, thereby increasing the distance between the seal body (187) and the inner wall of the sealed chamber (203), enabling the electrolyte to quickly pass through the sealed chamber (203). While the flow rate of the electrolyte decreases, the cross-sectional area of the electrolyte flow is increased, and the amount of electrolyte that can enter the lower housing (186) within the same time remains within a certain range. When the electric vehicle (1) is running, the electrolyte inside the annular single cell core (40) is shaken, and part of the electrolyte will flow back along the liquid injection pipe (388) to the bottom of the liquid injector (36). The second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (215) has a huge blocking effect on the electrolyte splashing upward from the bottom of the liquid injector (36). The first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate (213) continues to block the residual electrolyte flowing back from the third liquid outlet pipe (216).

12. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation, liquid injection, air exchange, and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular single-cell battery cooling system (33) is composed of a radiator (329), an electrothermal chamber (342), a water pump (332), and a first liquid total exchanger (313), a liquid exchanger (253), and a second liquid total exchanger (328) inside the battery box (4). A fourth spring washer (252) is provided at the bottom of the heat dissipation tower (220) of the liquid exchanger (253). The annular single-cell battery (40) is rotatably installed on the heat dissipation tower (220) through a second thread (247) and a first thread (245). When the fourth spring washer (252) is flattened, the fourth spring washer (252) will generate a persistent elastic force, causing the connection between the second thread (247) and the first thread (245) to continuously maintain a frictional force and generate a resistance torque, thereby preventing the annular single-cell battery (40) from loosening and preventing the annular single-cell battery (40) from rotating relative to the liquid exchanger (253). An air suction electronic fan (334) is provided at the rear end of the radiator (329). A heat exchange tube (338) and an electrothermal chamber (342) are provided inside the radiator (329). A radiator outlet pipe (330) and a radiator inlet pipe (335) are provided on the radiator (329). The DC brushless water pump (332) is connected to the radiator (329). The battery box outlet pipe (336) is connected to the radiator inlet pipe (335). The heat generated by the battery pack (6) is transferred to the radiator (329) through the coolant, and the radiator (329) then transfers this part of the heat to the atmosphere. The electrothermal chamber (342) includes a mounting plate (340), a heating tube (343), an electrothermal chamber inlet pipe (341), and an electrothermal chamber outlet pipe (339). The electrothermal chamber (342) is used for storing water. A heating tube (343) and an electrothermal chamber inlet pipe (341) are provided on the mounting plate (340). The mounting plate (340) is a disc-shaped structure. The heating tube (343) is a U-shaped tube. One end of the heating tube (343) is connected to the mounting plate (340), and the other end extends into the electrothermal chamber (342). The radiator outlet pipe (330) is connected to the water pump inlet pipe (331). The water pump outlet pipe (333) is connected to the battery box inlet pipe (337). The battery box inlet pipe (337) is connected to the first cooling liquid inlet (121). The first cooling liquid inlet (121) is connected to the second cooling liquid inlet (164). The second cooling liquid inlet (164) is connected to the total liquid inlet (314). The radiator inlet pipe (335) is connected to the battery box outlet pipe (336). The battery box outlet pipe (336) is connected to the first cooling liquid outlet (128). The first cooling liquid outlet (128) is connected to the second cooling liquid outlet (165). The second cooling liquid outlet (165) is connected to the total liquid outlet pipe (310). After the coolant is heated in the electrothermal chamber (342), it enters the heat exchange tube (338) from the electrothermal chamber outlet pipe (339), and finally enters the total liquid inlet (314) after being pressurized by the water pump (332). A socket (8), a first liquid total exchanger (313), and a second liquid total exchanger (328) are arranged inside the battery box (4). Between the first liquid inlet pipe (315) and the Nth liquid inlet pipe (318), N annular grooves (254) are arranged on the cooling bottom plate (256). The annular grooves (254) are arranged in a staggered manner. A liquid exchanger (253) is arranged on each annular groove (254). A total liquid inlet (314) is arranged on the first liquid total exchanger (313). A total liquid outlet (323) is arranged on the second liquid total exchanger (328). The total liquid inlet (314) is connected to the total liquid inlet pipe (311). The total liquid inlet pipe (311) is connected to the socket (8). The total liquid outlet (323) is connected to the total liquid outlet pipe (310). The total liquid outlet pipe (310) is connected to the socket (8). The first liquid total exchanger (313) includes a total liquid inlet pipe (311), a total liquid inlet (314), a first liquid inlet pipe (315), a second liquid inlet pipe 316, a third liquid inlet pipe 317, and an Nth liquid inlet pipe (318). The second liquid total exchanger (328) includes a total liquid outlet pipe (310), a total liquid outlet (323), a first liquid outlet pipe (324), a second liquid outlet pipe (325), a third liquid outlet pipe (326), and an Nth liquid outlet pipe (327). The liquid exchanger (253) arranged on the cooling bottom plate (256) inside the annular groove (254). A liquid exchange tower (220) is arranged inside the liquid exchanger (253). A separator (244) is arranged inside the liquid exchange tower (220). A first thread 245 is arranged outside the liquid exchange tower (220). A first thermal expansion and contraction opening (344) and a second thermal expansion and contraction opening (345) are arranged on the liquid exchanger (253). The liquid exchanger (253), the liquid exchange tower (220), and the separator (244) are made of non-metallic and non-conductive materials. Adhesive is injected into the second adhesive injection point (237) on the cooling bottom plate (256). The separator (244) is adhered to the second adhesive injection point (237). Adhesive is injected into the first adhesive injection point (235) and the third adhesive injection point (257). The liquid exchanger (253) is adhered to the cooling bottom plate (256). Multiple liquid exchangers (253) are installed on the cooling bottom plate (256) by the above method. The inner diameter C of the liquid exchanger (253) is greater than the diameter H of the annular single cell (40). The annular single cell (40) is screwed and installed outside the heat dissipation tower (220) and inside the liquid exchanger (253). The heat dissipation tower (220) absorbs the heat generated by the annular single cell (40), and the liquid exchanger (253) absorbs the heat transferred outward by the annular single cell (40). The liquid exchanger (253) wraps the annular single cell (40) 360°, so that the heat generated by it is transferred to the liquid exchanger (253). The annular single cell (40) wraps the heat dissipation tower (220) 360°, so that the heat generated by the annular single cell (40) is transferred to the heat dissipation tower (220). The heat generated by the annular single cell (40) is dissipated through the above two methods, so as to ensure that the temperature of the annular single cell (40) is maintained within the specified range. An annular groove (254) is provided on the cooling bottom plate (256). The height of the annular groove (254) is A and the diameter is R. The height A of the annular groove (254) is 10% to 50% of the height D of the liquid exchanger (253). The diameter R of the annular groove (254) is greater than the diameter B of the liquid exchanger (253). The annular groove (254) is made of a non-metallic and non-conductive material. In the first row of liquid exchangers 319, between the first liquid inlet pipe (315) and the first liquid outlet pipe (324), N liquid exchangers (253) are provided. The first total liquid exchanger (313) is connected to the first liquid inlet pipe (315). The first liquid inlet pipe (315) is connected to the coolant inlet (225) of the first liquid exchanger (253) in the row. The coolant outlet (224) of the first liquid exchanger (253) in the row is connected to the coolant inlet (225) of the second liquid exchanger (253) in the row. The coolant outlet (224) of the second liquid exchanger (253) in the row is connected to the coolant inlet (225) of the Nth liquid exchanger (253) in the row. The coolant outlet (224) of the Nth liquid exchanger (253) in the row is connected to the coolant inlet (225) of the last liquid exchanger (253) in the row. The coolant outlet (224) of the last liquid exchanger (253) in the row is connected to the first liquid outlet pipe (324). The first liquid outlet pipe (324) is connected to the second total liquid exchanger (328).

13. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation injection, air exchange, and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular single cell (40) includes an annular single cell case (258), a first terminal post (246), a fifth spring washer (352), and a top cover plate (226). The annular single cell case (258) is a cylindrical structure with one side open. A boss (354) is provided at the opening edge (353) of the cell case bottom plate (251) of the annular single cell case (258). The boss (354) is riveted or welded to the first terminal post (246). The annular single cell case (258) is made of metal. A second thread (247) is provided inside the first terminal post (246), and a third thread (259) is provided outside the first terminal post (246). The fifth spring washer (352) is installed at the bottom of the first terminal post (246). A top cover plate (226) is provided on the cell case (258) of the annular single cell (40). A second mounting hole (242) and a third mounting hole (228) are provided on the top cover plate (226). A first mounting hole (238) is provided in the middle of the top cover plate (226). The diameter of the first mounting hole (238) is larger than the diameter of the heat dissipation tower (220). The top cover plate (226) is installed on the cell case (258) through the heat dissipation tower (220), and the top cover plate (226) is welded to the cell case (258) by welding. A first insulator (231) is provided outside the annular single cell (40). The first insulator (231) is made of insulating resin. The annular single cell (40) includes a top positive electrode connection terminal (227), a first negative electrode connection terminal (236) at the bottom, and a second negative electrode connection terminal (248) at the bottom. A second nut 241 is provided on the annular single cell (40). An electrolyte injector (36) is vertically installed on the annular single cell (40). The electrolyte injector (36) passes through the second mounting hole (242) and is connected to the first current collector plate (232). The positive electrode connection terminal (227) is installed in the third mounting hole (228). The first tab (360) of the annular single cell (40) is connected to the first current collector plate (232).

14. A battery-powered electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation, filling, air exchange, and cooling system, characterized in that: First Embodiment of the Annular Monolithic Battery Cell (356): A first current collector plate (232), a second current collector plate (234), a first sealing ring (357), a second sealing ring (363), and a wound core (243) are provided on the annular monolithic battery cell (356). A second terminal post (366) is provided inside the wound core (243). The second terminal post (366) is a circular ring-shaped hollow structure. A fourth thread (367) is provided inside the second terminal post (366). A fifth thread (368) is provided outside the second terminal post (366). A second insulating material (369) is applied outside the fifth thread (368). A first sealing ring (357) is provided on the first current collector plate (232). A first circular hole (346) of the sealing ring, a second circular hole (358) of the sealing ring, and a first weld seam (359) of the sealing ring are provided in the first sealing ring (357). There are seven first weld seams (359) of the sealing ring, and their positions correspond to the positions of the first weld seams (384) on the first current collector plate (232). A second sealing ring (363) is provided on the second current collector plate (234). A third circular hole (347) of the sealing ring and a second weld seam (364) of the sealing ring are provided in the second sealing ring (363). There are seven second weld seams (364) of the sealing ring, and their positions correspond to the positions of the second weld seams (400) on the second current collector plate (234). Both the first sealing ring (357) and the second sealing ring (363) are made of conductive rubber. The thickness of the first sealing ring (357) and the second sealing ring (363) is 1 - 3 mm. The wound core (243) is heated to 80°C to 120°C, and the warm wound core (243) is installed outside the second terminal post (366) and in place by using the low-temperature assembly method. The wound core (243) is tightly fastened on the fifth thread (368) of the second terminal post (366). The second terminal post (366) remains at room temperature. The wound core (243) is an earless wound core.

15. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation injection, ventilation, and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Second Embodiment of the Annular Monolithic Battery Cell (356): The first sealing ring (357) is not provided below the first current collector plate (232), and the second sealing ring (363) is not provided above the second current collector plate (234). Other settings are the same as those in the first embodiment of the annular monolithic battery cell (356).

16. A cruising range system for an electric vehicle composed of a battery formation liquid injection, air change, and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first protrusion (385) is provided on the surface of the first current collector plate (232). The first weld seam (384) provided on the first current collector plate (232) forms a multi-lobe shape. A liquid injection hole (383) is provided on the first current collector plate (232). A sixth thread (392) is provided in the liquid injection hole (383). A first opening (380) is provided at the center of the first current collector plate (232). The diameter of the first opening (380) is larger than the diameter of the second terminal post (366). A downward first crimp (382) is provided at the first edge (381) of the first current collector plate (232). The first angle 393 between the first current collector plate (232) along the X-axis direction and the first crimp (382) along the Y-axis direction is between 60° and 90°. The second angle (394) between the first current collector plate (232) along the X-axis direction and the first crimp (382) along the Y-axis direction is between 60° and 90°. A seventh thread (395) is provided inside the first crimp (382) of the first current collector plate (232). The seventh thread (395) serves to increase friction after the first current collector plate (232) is installed on the first tab (360). The first weld seam (384) is punched and formed on the first current collector plate (232). There are seven first weld seams (384). The first weld seam (384) is used for welding with the first tab (360) provided on the upper part of the core (243). The first current collector plate (232) is made of metal, especially made of aluminum. Inside the first edge (381) of the first current collector plate (232), a first electrolyte flow channel (386) is provided. The first channel (386) is connected to the liquid injection hole (383) and is used to permeate the electrolyte to each layer of the core (243) away from the liquid injection hole (383). A liquid injection pipe (388) is installed on the liquid injection hole (383). The liquid injection pipe (388) consists of an eighth thread (389), a first connection point (390), and a ninth thread (391). The liquid injection pipe (388) is made of a non-conductive non-metallic material. Adhesive is applied to the ninth thread (391), and through the ninth thread (391), the liquid injection pipe (388) is tightened on the sixth thread (392) of the first current collector plate (232). Adhesive is applied to the first connection point (390). The first connection point (390) is used to connect with the second mounting hole (242) of the top cover plate (226).

17. A cruising range system for an electric vehicle composed of a battery formation, liquid injection, air change and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the surface of the second current collector plate (234), a second current collector plate protrusion (401) is provided. A second opening (396) is provided at the center of the second current collector plate (234). The diameter of the second opening (396) is larger than the diameter of the second terminal post (366). A second hemming (398) is provided at the second edge (397) of the second current collector plate (234). The direction of the second hemming (398) is opposite to the direction of the second current collector plate protrusion (401). The third included angle 402 between the second current collector plate (234) along the X-axis direction and the second hemming (398) along the Y-axis direction is between 60° and 90°. The fourth included angle 403 between the second current collector plate (234) along the X-axis direction and the second hemming (398) along the Y-axis direction is between 60° and 90°. The interior of the second current collector plate (234) is provided with a tenth thread (404), and the tenth thread (404) serves to increase the friction after the second current collector plate (234) is installed on the second tab (362). A second weld seam (400) is punched and formed on the second current collector plate (234). There are seven second weld seams (400). The second weld seams (400) are used for welding with the second tabs (362) provided at the lower part of the core (243). The second current collector plate (234) is made of metal, especially made of copper. An electrolyte second flow channel (399) is provided inside the second hemming (398) of the second current collector plate (234). Under the action of gravity, the electrolyte will concentrate at the bottom of the core (243). After the electrolyte second flow channel (399) is filled with the electrolyte, the electrolyte will penetrate into each layer of the core (243) to achieve the purpose of evenly distributing the electrolyte.

18. A cruising range system for an electric vehicle composed of a battery formation liquid injection, air exchange, and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lithium battery positive electrode active material slurry with a certain width is coated on the surface of the aluminum foil (378) to make a positive electrode sheet coating tape (377). The positive electrode sheet coating tape (377) is provided on both sides of the aluminum foil (378), and a first blank base tape (375) with a certain width without coating any substance is reserved. The width of the first blank base tape (375) is 1 - 6 mm to obtain a positive electrode sheet (379). A lithium battery negative electrode active material slurry with a certain width is coated on the surface of the copper foil (371) to make a negative electrode sheet coating tape (373). The negative electrode sheet coating tape (373) is provided on both sides of the copper foil (371), and a second blank base tape (376) with a certain width without coating any substance is reserved. The width of the second blank base tape (376) is 1 - 6 mm to obtain a negative electrode sheet (372). The first separator (370), the negative electrode sheet (372), the second separator (374), and the positive electrode sheet (379) are stacked in sequence. After these four are stacked, they are wound around the second terminal post (366) to form a core (243). The first blank base tape (375) of the positive electrode sheet and the second blank base tape (376) of the negative electrode sheet face the two ends of the core (243) respectively. The second separator (374) completely covers the positive electrode sheet coating tape (377) and the negative electrode sheet coating tape (373). The specific steps of the preparation method of the annular single battery (40) are as follows: Assembly process of the annular single cell (40). After riveting the first pole column (246) to the annular single cell case (258), Step 1: Pre-flatten and flatten the wound core (243) after winding to obtain the core (243) with the first pole tab (360) and the second pole tab (362). The flattening machine is a conventional device for battery production; Step 2: Heat the core (243) to 80°C - 120°C, and use the low-temperature assembly method to install the core (243) outside the second pole column (366) and install it in place (the assembly schematic diagram is shown in Figure 63); Step 3: Clean the first current collector plate (232) and the second current collector plate (234); Step 4: Place the first sealing ring (357) on the first pole tab (360); Step 5: Heat the first current collector plate (232) to 150°C - 160°C, and use the low-temperature assembly method to place the first current collector plate (232) on the first sealing ring (357) and install it in place (the assembly schematic diagrams are shown in Figures 62 and 63). Use laser welding to laser-weld the first current collector plate (232) and the first pole tab (360). The welding area is welded into a straight line shape. The number of the first weld seams (384) is seven, and the weld width of the first weld seam (384) is 0.2 mm; Step 6: Flip the prepared core (243) by 180 degrees; Step 7: Place the second sealing ring (363) on the second pole tab (362); Step 8: Heat the second current collector plate (234) to 150°C - 160°C, and use the low-temperature assembly method to place the second current collector plate (234) on the second sealing ring (363) and install it in place (the assembly schematic diagrams are shown in Figures 62 and 63). Use laser welding to laser-weld the second current collector plate (234) and the second pole tab (362). The welding area is welded into a straight line shape. The number of the second weld seams (400) is 7, and the weld width of the second weld seam (400) is 0.2 mm; Step 9: Conduct non-destructive flaw detection to check the weld quality (the technical standards are implemented in accordance with ASTME-1417 and HDSPM-202 / 204); Step 10: Tighten the second pole column (366) of the annular single cell core (356) on the first pole column (246) inside the annular single cell case (258), and make it in close contact with the fifth spring washer (352) and install it in place; Step 11: Install the liquid injection tube (388) on the liquid injection hole (383); Step 12: Install the positive electrode terminal (227) in the third mounting hole (228) of the top cover plate (226); Step 13: Weld the positive lead (230) on the first current collector plate (232); Step 14: Cover the top cover plate (226) on the battery case (258) and press it tightly; Step 15: Conduct laser circumferential welding on the top cover plate (226) and the battery case (258); Step 16: Tighten the liquid injector (36) on the liquid injection tube (388); Step 17: After exhausting, seal the whole liquid injector (36), and the sealing film material is plastic.

19. A range extension system for an electric vehicle consisting of a battery formation injection, ventilation, and cooling system, characterized in that: The container energy storage system (409) is the second embodiment of the electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation and filling system, a ventilation and cooling system. The electric vehicle endurance guarantee system (3) composed of a battery formation and filling system (35), a battery box air filtration system (32), and an annular single-cell battery cooling system (33) is arranged inside the container energy storage system (409). The container energy storage system (409) includes a container body (410) and a second battery box (418). The container body (410) is a metal box structure. A first battery compartment (411) and a second battery compartment (415) are arranged on both sides of the container body (410), and a control compartment (413) is arranged in the middle position. A first partition wall (412) is arranged between the first battery compartment (411) and the control compartment (413), and a second partition wall (414) is arranged between the control compartment (413) and the second battery compartment (415). A battery management system BMS, an energy management system EMS, a fire protection system, and a power conversion system for energy storage PCS are arranged in the control compartment (413). The battery management system BMS, the energy management system EMS, the fire protection system, and the power conversion system for energy storage PCS are arranged in two horizontal and vertical rows in the control compartment (413). A plurality of second battery boxes (418) are arranged in the first battery compartment (411) and the second battery compartment (415) of the container body (410). The second battery boxes (418) are divided into two rows, and an in-box corridor air duct (416) is left between the two rows of second battery boxes (418). The second battery boxes (418) are arranged left and right in the first battery compartment (411) and the second battery compartment (415) inside the container. The in-box corridor air duct (416) between the two rows of second battery boxes (418) serves as a maintenance and installation passage, and the maintenance and installation passage can also be used for the installation of the control and AC output system, which is convenient for wiring. The second battery box (418) is placed in a drawer-type frame (417). The inner side of the front of the drawer-type frame (417) is arranged with stacked second battery boxes (418). The second battery boxes (418) are arranged from top to bottom in the drawer-type frame (417). A plurality of drawer-type frames (417) are arranged in the first battery compartment (411) and the second battery compartment (415). In the battery pack (6) inside the second battery box (418), the positive and negative electrodes of each annular single-cell battery (40) are respectively connected to a battery management unit (419). The battery management unit (419) collects the voltage and internal resistance data of the annular single-cell battery (40). The battery management units (419) of all the battery packs (6) in the same second battery box (418) are connected to a battery management system (420). The battery management system (420) of the second battery box (418) is connected to an energy management system (421).

Images