Curved photovoltaic part and photovoltaic building surface

Abstract

A curved photovoltaic part (100) comprises cell strings (10). Each cell string (10) comprises a plurality of cells (11) connected in series, wherein the plurality of cells (11) are arranged in a first direction of the curved photovoltaic part (100). The curved photovoltaic part (100) comprises at least one wave crest (101) and at least one wave trough (103), wherein in the first direction, the cells (11) in one cell string (10) all cover the wave crest (101), and are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the wave crest (101) in the first direction.

Description

Curved photovoltaic components and photovoltaic building surfaces

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority and benefits of patent application No. 202323572059.1 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on December 25, 2023, and the entire text of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and more specifically, to a curved photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic building surface. Background Art

[0004] With the increasing popularity of building photovoltaic integration, photovoltaic components (photovoltaic tiles) that can replace traditional tiles have emerged in order to better integrate with the building surface. Photovoltaic components can be flat photovoltaic components or curved photovoltaic components. Compared with flat photovoltaic components, curved photovoltaic components have both aesthetics and power generation functions due to their unique shape. At present, curved photovoltaic components usually include one or more battery strings, and battery strings are formed by multiple battery cells connected in series. However, since the multiple battery cells in a battery string are distributed at different positions on the curved photovoltaic component, the multiple battery cells in a battery string receive different light intensities at the same time. The battery cells that receive low light intensity generate low current, which will reduce the output current of the battery string.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a curved photovoltaic device and a photovoltaic building surface, which are at least used to solve the problem that multiple cells in a battery string receive different light intensities at the same time, and the cells receiving low light intensity generate low current, thereby reducing the output current of the battery string.

[0007] The curved photovoltaic device of the present embodiment includes at least one cell string. The cell string comprises a plurality of series-connected cells arranged along a first direction of the curved photovoltaic device. The curved photovoltaic device includes at least one crest and at least one trough. In the first direction, each cell in a cell string covers the crest and is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the crest along the first direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the second direction, opposite ends of the battery cell extend toward the lowest point of the trough, the second direction is an extension direction of a tangent line of the highest point of the crest, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the second direction, there is a gap between two adjacent battery strings, and the width of the gap is in the range of [3 mm, 5 mm].

[0010] In some embodiments, the difference in light intensity received by any two cells in a cell string is within a preset range.

[0011] In some embodiments, the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the curved photovoltaic device is in the range of [1.03, 1.06].

[0012] In some embodiments, in the second direction, the length of the battery cell is positively correlated with the deformation that the battery cell can withstand when bending in a conformal manner.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the second direction, the thickness of the battery cell is negatively correlated with the deformation that the battery cell can withstand when bending in a conformal manner.

[0014] In some embodiments, in the second direction, the length of the battery cell is positively correlated with the deformation that the battery cell can withstand when bending in accordance with the shape, and the thickness of the battery cell is negatively correlated with the deformation that the battery cell can withstand when bending in accordance with the shape.

[0015] In some embodiments, the curved photovoltaic device further includes a front plate and a back plate, and the front plate, the cell string, and the back plate are stacked in sequence.

[0016] In some embodiments, the front plate is a curved front plate, the battery string and the front plate are bent conformally, and the arch height of the front plate is less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell can withstand by conformal bending.

[0017] In some embodiments, the backplane is a curved backplane, the battery string and the backplane are bent conformally, and the arch height of the backplane is less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell can withstand by conformal bending.

[0018] In some embodiments, the front plate is a curved front plate, the battery string is bent conformally to the front plate, and the arch height of the front plate is less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell can withstand by bending conformally; the back plate is a curved back plate, the battery string is bent conformally to the back plate, and the arch height of the back plate is less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell can withstand by bending conformally.

[0019] In certain embodiments, the curved photovoltaic component further includes an adhesive film layer, and the adhesive film layer is used to bond the front panel and the battery string, and to bond the battery string and the back panel.

[0020] The photovoltaic building surface of the embodiment of the present application includes the curved photovoltaic component described in the above embodiment.

[0021] In the curved photovoltaic device and photovoltaic building surface of the embodiments of the present application, multiple cells in a cell string are arranged along a first direction of the curved photovoltaic device. Each cell in a cell string covers the wave crest and is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the wave crest along the first direction. As a result, during the same time period, the multiple cells receive substantially the same light intensity, and the cell string outputs a larger current. Compared to existing curved photovoltaic devices, the multiple cells in the cell string of the present application receive substantially the same light intensity, thereby avoiding the problem of cells in the cell string receiving low light intensity generating low current, which would otherwise reduce the output current of the cell string.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0024] FIG1 is a perspective schematic diagram of a battery string and a backplane according to certain embodiments of the present application;

[0025] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery string and backplane of FIG1 ;

[0026] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery string and backplane of FIG1 ;

[0027] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded view of a curved photovoltaic device according to certain embodiments of the present application;

[0028] FIG5 is a perspective schematic diagram of a photovoltaic building surface according to certain embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0035] With the increasing popularity of building photovoltaic integration, photovoltaic components (photovoltaic tiles) that can replace traditional tiles have emerged in order to better integrate with the surface of the building. Photovoltaic components can be flat photovoltaic components or curved photovoltaic components. Compared with flat photovoltaic components, curved photovoltaic components can replace traditional tiles due to their unique shape, and have both aesthetics and power generation functions. At present, curved photovoltaic components usually include one or more battery strings, and the battery string is formed by a plurality of battery cells connected in series. However, since the multiple battery cells in a battery string are distributed at different positions of the curved photovoltaic component, the multiple battery cells in a battery string receive different light intensities at the same time, and the battery cells with low light intensity generate small currents, which will reduce the output current of the battery string. In order to solve this problem, the embodiment of the present application provides a curved photovoltaic component 100 (described in Figure 4) and a photovoltaic building surface 1000 (shown in Figure 5).

[0036] Referring to FIG. 1 , a curved photovoltaic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes at least one cell string 10. The cell string 10 includes a plurality of series-connected cells 11, which are arranged along a first direction X of the curved photovoltaic device 100. The curved photovoltaic device 100 includes at least one crest 101 and at least one trough 103. In the first direction X, each cell 11 in a cell string 10 covers the crest 101 and is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the crest 101 along the first direction X.

[0037] Specifically, the curved photovoltaic device 100 is a structure that converts light energy into electricity to power other components and can be used as a building component. For example, the curved photovoltaic device 100 can power household appliances, energy storage power supplies, or streetlights. Curved photovoltaic devices 100 can generate electricity while also maintaining the aesthetics of the building.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 , a cell string 10 is a structure for receiving light energy and converting it into electrical energy. The cell string 10 can transmit the generated electrical energy to other circuits, allowing the curved photovoltaic device 100 to charge other components. The cell string 10 includes a light-receiving surface 15 and a light-receiving surface 17. Light enters the cell string 10 through the light-receiving surface 15 of the cell string 10. The curved photovoltaic device 100 can include one, two, three, four, or more cell strings 10. When there is only one cell string 10, the electrical energy generated by one cell string 10 is output to charge other components. When there are multiple cell strings 10, multiple cell strings 10 are connected in parallel and / or in series to output the generated electrical energy to charge other components. In one example, multiple cell strings 10 are connected in parallel. In this case, the curved photovoltaic device 100 outputs a higher current. In another example, multiple cell strings 10 are connected in series. In this case, the curved photovoltaic device 100 outputs a higher voltage.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1. A battery string 10 may include two, three, four or more battery cells 11, and the multiple battery cells 11 are connected in series to form a series circuit. The battery cell 11 is a structure for receiving light energy and converting light energy into electrical energy. The positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 11 may be respectively arranged on the light-receiving surface 15 and the backlight surface 17, or both the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 11 may be arranged on the backlight surface 17. In one embodiment, the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 11 are respectively arranged on the light-receiving surface 15 and the backlight surface 17. At this time, the battery cell 11 may be a passivated emitter and rear cell (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell, PERC) or a tunnel oxide passivating contact cell (Tunnel Oxide Passivating Contacts, TOPCON), etc. In another embodiment, the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 11 are both arranged on the backlight surface 17. At this time, the battery cell 11 can be an interdigitated back contact battery (IBC), an all back contact battery (ABC), a hybrid passivated back contact battery (HPBC) or a metallization wrap-through battery (MWT).

[0040] Referring to FIG. 1 , the number of peaks 101 of the curved photovoltaic device 100 may be, but is not limited to, one, two, three, four, or more. The number of troughs 103 of the curved photovoltaic device 100 may be, but is not limited to, one, two, three, four, or more. The number of peaks 101 and the number of troughs 103 may be the same or different. For example, if there are two peaks 101, the number of troughs 103 may be one, two, or three. If there are three peaks 101, the number of troughs 103 may be two, three, or four. The radius of the peaks 101 and the radius of the troughs 103 may be the same or different.

[0041] Currently, the arrangement of cell strings in most curved photovoltaic devices is as follows: the multiple cells in a cell string are arranged along the second direction. In this case, the multiple cells in a cell string will be distributed at the peak and trough positions respectively. For example, the peak includes the highest point and the two opposite sides connected to the highest point. Cell A, Cell B, and Cell C are respectively distributed on one side of the peak, the highest point of the peak, and the other side of the peak. In the same time period, the light intensity received by Cell A, Cell B, and Cell C is different. When the light intensity received by Cell A is the highest, the current generated by Cell A is value a. At this time, the light intensity received by Cell B is the second highest, and the current generated by Cell B is value b. The light intensity received by Cell C will be the lowest, and the current generated by Cell C is value c. The magnitude of the current generated by the three cells is: a>b>c. Because the cell string is a series circuit, the current output by the cell string is value c, and the overall current output by the cell string is relatively small.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1. Each cell 11 in the battery string 10 of the present application covers the peak 101. When the cell 11 covers the peak 101, the surface of the cell 11 is unobstructed, and the light intensity received by the cell 11 is relatively large, so that the current generated by the cell 11 is relatively large, and the output current of the battery string 10 is relatively large. Preferably, each cell 11 is symmetrically arranged along the axis of the first direction X about the peak 101. When the angle of sunlight shining on the curved photovoltaic element 100 is different in different time periods, the cell 11 can receive a certain light intensity. In addition, the difference in the intensity of light received by the cell 11 in different time periods will not be too large, so that the current output by the battery string 10 in each time period is relatively stable (the output current will not change significantly with time). The battery string 10 can avoid the situation where the current generated by a certain cell 11 is much smaller than the current generated by the other cells 11, thereby lowering the output current of the battery string 10.

[0043] Furthermore, because the cells 11 are arranged along the first direction X on the crests 101, when the curved photovoltaic device 100 is assembled, the cells 11 need to bend to conform to the crests 101 of the front panel 30 and / or back panel 50 (shown in FIG. 4 ) of the curved photovoltaic device 100, resulting in a significant deformation of the cells 11. When the cells 11 are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the crests 101 along the first direction X, the forces on the left and right sides of the cells 11 during bending deformation in the first direction X are relatively uniform, thus preventing the cells 11 from easily breaking during deformation. Furthermore, the maximum deformation that the same cell 11 can withstand when bending to conform to the crests 101 is greater than the maximum deformation it can withstand when bending to conform to the crests 101 at the troughs 103. Therefore, when the cell 11 covers the crests 101, the deformation D that the cell 11 can withstand is greater, making it less likely to break.

[0044] In the curved photovoltaic device 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the multiple cells 11 of a cell string 10 are arranged along the first direction X of the curved photovoltaic device 100. Each cell 11 in a cell string 10 covers the wave crest 101 and is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the wave crest 101 along the first direction X. Therefore, in the same time period, the multiple cells 11 receive substantially the same light intensity, and the cell string 10 outputs a larger current. Compared to the current curved photovoltaic device 100, the multiple cells 11 in the cell string 10 of the present application receive substantially the same light intensity, thereby avoiding the problem of a cell 11 in the cell string 10 receiving a low light intensity generating a low current, which would otherwise reduce the output current of the cell string 10.

[0045] The curved photovoltaic device 100 will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Furthermore, in some embodiments, in the second direction Y, the opposite ends of the battery cell 11 extend toward the lowest point of the trough 103, the second direction is the extension direction of the tangent of the highest point of the crest, and the second direction intersects with the first direction. The first direction X and the second direction Y of the present application are perpendicular. At this time, the battery cell 11 can cover as much of the curved photovoltaic element 100 as possible, and the arrangement of the battery cell 11 can avoid wasting space on the curved photovoltaic element 100, thereby increasing the power generation efficiency per unit area. In the case where a battery string 10 covers a crest 101, the opposite ends of the battery cell 11 in each battery string 10 extend toward the lowest point of the trough 103, so that the gap between adjacent battery strings 10 is small, and multiple battery strings 10 can almost fill the entire curved photovoltaic element 100, and the power generation efficiency per unit area of ​​the curved photovoltaic element 100 is higher.

[0047] Referring to Figures 1 and 2 , in some embodiments, a gap 13 is formed between two adjacent battery strings 10 in the second direction Y. The width of the gap 13 ranges from 3 mm to 5 mm. For example, the width of the gap 13 can be 3 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.8 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.7 mm, 5.1 mm, 5.5 mm, 5.6 mm, or 5 mm.

[0048] Since the battery cells 11 are conductive products, if there is no gap 13 between two adjacent battery strings 10 or the width of the gap 13 is less than 3 mm, the battery cells 11 in the two adjacent battery strings 10 will have contact and conduction problems, thereby there is a risk of short circuit between the adjacent battery strings 10. When the width of the gap 13 is greater than 5 mm, the gap 13 between the two adjacent battery strings 10 is too large, which will cause waste of space on the curved photovoltaic component 100, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency per unit area of ​​the curved photovoltaic component 100. When the width of the gap 13 is in the range of [3 mm, 5 mm], there is no risk of mutual contact and conduction between the two adjacent battery strings 10. In addition, the gap 13 between the two adjacent battery strings 10 will not be too large, and will not cause waste of space on the curved photovoltaic component 100. At this time, the power generation efficiency per unit area of ​​the curved photovoltaic component 100 is higher.

[0049] Referring to Figures 1 and 2 , in certain embodiments, when multiple cells 11 in a battery string 10 are arranged along a first direction X, the difference in light intensity received by any two cells 11 in the battery string 10 is within a preset range. The difference in light intensity received by the two cells 11 being within the preset range means that, during the same time period, after any two cells 11 in the battery string 10 receive the same or different light intensities, the difference in current generated by the two cells 11 is within the predetermined range. For example, the predetermined range is [0, E] and the predetermined range is [0, F]. When the difference in light intensity received by any two cells 11 in the battery string 10 is less than the value E, the difference in current generated by the two cells 11 is less than the value F. When the difference in current generated by any two cells 11 in the battery string 10 is greater than the value F, the difference in current generated by the two cells 11 is significant, and the cell 11 with the lower current draws down the output current of the battery string 10, resulting in a lower output current of the battery string 10. When the difference between the currents generated by any two battery cells 11 in a battery string 10 is smaller than the F value, the difference between the currents generated by the two battery cells 11 is small, so that the output current of the battery string 10 is large.

[0050] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. In some embodiments, the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the curved photovoltaic device 100 is in the range of [1.03, 1.06]. When the curved photovoltaic device 100 is assembled, each cell 11 needs to bend and deform to cover the crest 101 of the curved photovoltaic device 100 and extend toward the lowest point of the trough 103. At this time, the deformation of the cell 11 is large. After the cell 11 is bent and deformed, the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the cell 11 is the same as the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the curved photovoltaic device 100. When the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the curved photovoltaic device 100 is in the range of [1.03, 1.06], the cell 11 can be bent and deformed to a large extent and is not easily broken.

[0051] The arc length of the curved photovoltaic device 100 refers to the straight length L of the curved photovoltaic device 100 in the second direction Y when the curved photovoltaic device 100 is flat. The chord length of the curved photovoltaic device 100 refers to the straight length L of the curved photovoltaic device 100 in the second direction Y after the curved photovoltaic device 100 is bent. The arc length of the solar cell 11 refers to the straight length L of the solar cell 11 in the second direction Y when the solar cell 11 is flat. The chord length of the solar cell 11 refers to the straight length L of the solar cell 11 in the second direction Y after the solar cell 11 is bent. For example, the ratio of the arc length of the curved photovoltaic device 100 to the corresponding chord length can be 1.03, 1.034, 1.039, 1.042, 1.045, 1.047, 1.051, 1.054, 1.056, or 1.06, etc.

[0052] When the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the curved photovoltaic component 100 is less than 1.03, that is, the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the battery cell 11 is less than 1.03. At this time, the bending deformation D of the battery cell 11 is small, and the bending deformation of the curved photovoltaic component 100 is also small. The bending curvature of the curved photovoltaic component 100 is not obvious enough, and the aesthetics is poor. When the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the curved photovoltaic component 100 is greater than 1.06, that is, the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the battery cell 11 is greater than 1.06. At this time, the bending deformation of the battery cell 11 is too large, and the battery cell 11 is easy to break. When the value range of the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the curved photovoltaic component 100 is [1.03, 1.06], that is, the value range of the ratio of the arc length to the chord length of the battery cell 11 is [1.03, 1.06]. At this time, the bending deformation of the battery cell 11 is large and not easy to break. Furthermore, the curved photovoltaic element 100 has a larger deformation amount, a larger bending curvature, and a better aesthetic appearance.

[0053] 3 and 4 , in some embodiments, in the second direction Y, the length L of the battery cell 11 is positively correlated with the deformation D that the battery cell 11 can withstand when bending, and the thickness W of the battery cell 11 is negatively correlated with the deformation D that the battery cell 11 can withstand when bending.

[0054] Specifically, the longer the length L of the battery cell 11, the greater the deformation D that the battery cell 11 can withstand during conformal bending, and the battery cell 11 is less likely to break during conformal bending. For example, there are three battery cell 11 lengths L: 166 mm, 182 mm, and 210 mm, and the thickness W of the battery cells 11 of these three lengths L is the same. In this case, the deformation D of the battery cell 11 with a length L of 210 mm will be greater than the deformation D of the battery cell 11 with a length L of 182 mm, and the deformation D of the battery cell 11 with a length L of 182 mm will be greater than the deformation D of the battery cell 11 with a length L of 166 mm.

[0055] The thinner the thickness W of the battery cell 11, the greater the deformation D that the battery cell 11 can withstand during bending, and the battery cell 11 is less likely to break during bending. For example, there are three types of battery cells 11 with thicknesses W: 190 μm, 170 μm, and 150 μm, and the lengths L of the three types of battery cells 11 are equal. In this case, the deformation D of the battery cell 11 with a thickness W of 150 μm will be greater than the deformation D of the battery cell 11 with a length L of 170 μm, and the deformation D of the battery cell 11 with a length L of 150 μm will be greater than the deformation D of the battery cell 11 with a length L of 190 μm.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 4. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the curved photovoltaic component 100 also includes a front panel 30, a film layer 70 and a back panel 50. The front panel 30, the film layer 70, the battery string 10, the film layer 70 and the back panel 50 are stacked in sequence. The film layer 70 is used to bond the front panel 30 and the battery string 10, and to bond the battery string 10 and the back panel 50.

[0057] Specifically, the front plate 30 is disposed on the light-receiving surface 15 of the cell string 10 . The front plate 30 is a structure used to protect the light-receiving surface 15 of the cell string 10 . Preferably, the front plate 30 has a high light transmittance, for example, a light transmittance of 70% or greater, so that most or even all light can pass through the front plate 30 and reach the cell string 10 , thereby enabling the cell string 10 to convert the received light energy into electrical energy. For example, the light transmittance of the front plate 30 can be 70%, 73.1%, 75.6%, 77%, 78.5%, 80.3%, 83%, 85.1%, 87.2%, 90.5%, 92.4%, 93.7%, 95.6%, 97.8%, or 100%. The front plate 30 can be a curved hard front plate 30 or a flexible front plate 30. The material of the front plate 30 can be, but is not limited to, transparent glass and polycarbonate plastic.

[0058] The backplane 50 is a structure for supporting and protecting the backlight surface 17 of the battery string 10. Preferably, the backplane 50 may have certain waterproof, insulating and weather-resistant properties, so that the backplane 50 can better protect the backlight surface 17 of the battery string 10. In one embodiment, the backplane 50 may be a hard backplane 50 with a curved surface. In this case, the backplane 50 may be tempered glass or semi-tempered glass. The backplane 50 has high strength and can provide good support and protection for the battery string 10. In another embodiment, the backplane 50 may be a flexible backplane 50, which can be bent along with the curved front plate 30 to form the same curve as the front plate 30. In this case, the material of the backplane 50 may be, but is not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or a composite material of PET. The backplane 50 is light in weight and has good bending performance.

[0059] The adhesive film layer 70 is used to bond two other components together, ensuring a tight connection. For example, the adhesive film layer 70 can be used to bond the front panel 30 to the battery string 10, or the battery string 10 to the back panel 50. The adhesive film layer 70 can be made of materials such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyolefin (POE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), or thermoplastic elastomer (TPO). The adhesive film layer 70 has a high light transmittance, minimizing light loss as it passes through the adhesive film layer 70 to reach the battery string 10, resulting in a higher light utilization efficiency for the battery. For example, the light transmittance of the film layer 70 may be greater than or equal to 70%, and the light transmittance of the film layer 70 may be 70%, 75.2%, 79.5%, 82.1%, 86.3%, 88.2%, 93.1%, 94.2%, 98.5%, or 100%.

[0060] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4. In some embodiments, the battery string 10 and the front plate 30 are bent conformally, and the arch height of the front plate 30 is less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell 11 can withstand when bent conformally. In this case, the front plate 30 is a hard front plate 30 with a curved surface. When the curved photovoltaic component 100 is assembled, the light-receiving surface 15 of the battery string 10 is attached to the front plate 30, and the battery string 10 can be bent conformally with the front plate 30 to form the same curved surface as the front plate 30. When the battery string 10 and the front plate 30 are bent conformally, the arch height H of the front plate 30 is the same as the deformation of the battery cell 11. When the arch height H of the front plate 30 is less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell 11 can withstand, the battery cell 11 will not break when the battery cell 11 and the front plate 30 are bent conformally. For example, the maximum deformation that the battery cell 11 can withstand during conformal bending is D1. When the arch height H of the front plate 30 is less than D1, the deformation of the battery cell 11 and the front plate 30 during conformal bending is D. The deformation D of the battery cell 11 is equal to the arch height H of the front plate 30. Therefore, the deformation D of the battery cell 11 is less than the maximum deformation D1 that the battery cell 11 can withstand during conformal bending. Therefore, the battery cell 11 will not break during conformal bending.

[0061] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4. In other embodiments, the battery string 10 and the back plate 50 are bent conformally, and the arch height of the back plate 50 is less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell 11 can withstand when bent conformally. In this case, the back plate 50 is a curved hard back plate 50. When the curved photovoltaic component 100 is assembled, the backlight surface 17 of the battery string 10 is attached to the back plate 50, and the battery string 10 can be bent conformally with the back plate 50 to form a curved structure identical to the back plate 50. When the battery string 10 and the back plate 50 are bent conformally, the arch height H of the back plate 50 is the same as the deformation of the battery cell 11. When the arch height of the back plate 50 is less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell 11 can withstand, the battery cell 11 will not break when the battery cell 11 and the back plate 50 are bent conformally. For example, the maximum deformation that the battery cell 11 can withstand during conformal bending is D1. When the arch height H of the backsheet 50 is less than D1, the deformation of the battery cell 11 and the backsheet 50 during conformal bending is D. The deformation D of the battery cell 11 is equal to the arch height H of the backsheet 50. Therefore, the deformation D of the battery cell 11 is less than the maximum deformation D1 that the battery cell 11 can withstand during conformal bending, and the battery cell 11 will not break during conformal bending.

[0062] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 , in some other embodiments, the battery string 10 and the front panel 30 are curved conformally, with the arch height of the front panel 30 being less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell 11 can withstand when curved conformally. Furthermore, the battery string 10 is also curved conformally with the back panel 50, with the arch height of the back panel 50 being less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell 11 can withstand when curved conformally. In this case, both the front panel 30 and the back panel 50 are curved, rigid back panels 50. When the curved photovoltaic device 100 is assembled, the light-receiving surface 15 of the battery string 10 is aligned with the front panel 30, and the backlight surface 17 of the battery string 10 is aligned with the back panel 50. The battery string 10 can bend conformally with the front panel 30 and the back panel 50 to form a curved structure identical to the front panel 30 and the back panel 50. When the battery string 10, the front panel 30, and the back panel 50 all curve conformally, the arch height of the front panel 30, the arch height of the back panel 50, and the deformation of the battery cell 11 are all identical. When the arch height of the front plate 30 and the arch height of the back plate 50 are both less than or equal to the maximum deformation that the battery cell 11 can withstand, the battery cell 11 will not break when it bends with the front plate 30 and the back plate 50. For example, the maximum deformation that the battery cell 11 can withstand when bending with the front plate 30 and the back plate 50 is D1, the arch height of the front plate 30 is H1, and the arch height of the back plate 50 is H2. When the arch height H1 of the front plate 30 and the arch height H2 of the back plate 50 are both less than D1, the deformation of the battery cell 11 when bending with the front plate 30 and the back plate 50 is D. The deformation D of the battery cell 11 is equal to the arch height H1 of the front plate 30, and the deformation D of the battery cell 11 is equal to the arch height H2 of the back plate 50. Therefore, the deformation D of the battery cell 11 is less than the maximum deformation D1 that the battery cell 11 can withstand when bending with the front plate 30, and the battery cell 11 will not break when bending with the front plate 30.

[0063] Please refer to FIG. 5 . The photovoltaic building surface 1000 according to the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of curved photovoltaic elements 100 according to the above embodiment, and the plurality of curved photovoltaic elements 100 are interconnected.

[0064] In the photovoltaic building surface 1000 of the embodiment of the present application, the multiple cells 11 of a cell string 10 are arranged along the first direction X of the curved photovoltaic element 100. Each cell 11 in a cell string 10 covers the wave crest 101 and is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the wave crest 101 along the first direction X. Therefore, in the same time period, the multiple cells 11 receive substantially the same light intensity, and the cell string 10 outputs a relatively large current. Compared to the current curved photovoltaic element 100, the multiple cells 11 in the cell string 10 of the present application receive substantially the same light intensity, thereby avoiding the problem of a cell 11 in the cell string 10 receiving low light intensity generating a low current, which would otherwise reduce the output current of the cell string 10.

[0065] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be combined in any manner. To simplify the description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there are no conflicts in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. Furthermore, other implementations can be derived from the above-described embodiments, allowing for structural and logical substitutions and changes without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0066] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A curved photovoltaic component, wherein, Comprising: At least one battery string, the battery string comprising a plurality of serially connected solar cells, and the plurality of solar cells are arranged along a first direction of the curved photovoltaic device; the curved photovoltaic device comprises at least one crest and at least one trough, and in the first direction, each of the solar cells in one battery string covers the crest and is symmetrically arranged about an axis of the crest along the first direction.

2. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 1, wherein, In a second direction, opposite ends of the solar cell extend towards a lowest point of the trough, the second direction being an extending direction of a tangent line at a highest point of the crest, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

3. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 2, wherein, In the second direction, there is a gap between two adjacent battery strings, and a value range of a width of the gap is [3 mm, 5 mm].

4. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 1, wherein, A difference in light intensity received by any two of the solar cells in one battery string is within a preset range.

5. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 1, wherein, A value range of a ratio of an arc length to a chord length of the curved photovoltaic device is [1.03, 1.06].

6. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 2, wherein, In the second direction, a length of the solar cell is positively correlated with a deformation amount that the solar cell can withstand during conforming bending, and / or a thickness of the solar cell is negatively correlated with a deformation amount that the solar cell can withstand during conforming bending.

7. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 1, wherein, The curved photovoltaic device further comprises a front plate and a back plate, and the front plate, the battery string and the back plate are sequentially stacked.

8. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 7, wherein the front plate is a curved front plate, the battery layer is conformably bent with the front plate, and an arch height of the front plate is less than or equal to a maximum deformation amount that the solar cell can withstand during conforming bending; and / or the back plate is a curved back plate, the battery layer is conformably bent with the back plate, and an arch height of the back plate is less than or equal to a maximum deformation amount that the solar cell can withstand during conforming bending.

9. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 7, wherein, The curved photovoltaic device further comprises an encapsulant layer for bonding the front plate and the battery string and for bonding the battery string and the back plate.

10. A photovoltaic building surface, wherein, Comprising: A curved photovoltaic device, the curved photovoltaic panel comprising: At least one battery string, the battery string comprising a plurality of serially connected solar cells, and the plurality of solar cells are arranged along a first direction of the curved photovoltaic device; the curved photovoltaic device comprises at least one crest and at least one trough, and in the first direction, each of the solar cells in one battery string covers the crest and is symmetrically arranged about an axis of the crest along the first direction.

11. The photovoltaic building surface according to claim 10, wherein, In a second direction, opposite ends of the solar cell extend towards a lowest point of the trough, the second direction being an extending direction of a tangent line at a highest point of the crest, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

12. The photovoltaic building surface according to claim 11, wherein, In the second direction, there is a gap between two adjacent battery strings, and a value range of a width of the gap is [3 mm, 5 mm].

13. The photovoltaic building surface according to claim 10, wherein, A difference in light intensity received by any two of the solar cells in one battery string is within a preset range.

14. The photovoltaic building surface according to claim 10, wherein, A value range of a ratio of an arc length to a chord length of the photovoltaic building surface is [1.03, 1.06].

15. The photovoltaic building surface according to claim 11, wherein, In the second direction, a length of the solar cell is positively correlated with a deformation amount that the solar cell can withstand during conforming bending, and / or The thickness of the cell is negatively correlated with the deformation amount that the cell can withstand under conformal bending.

16. The photovoltaic building surface according to claim 10, wherein, The photovoltaic building surface further includes a front plate and a back plate, and the front plate, the cell string, and the back plate are sequentially stacked.

17. The photovoltaic building surface according to claim 16, wherein, The front plate is a curved front plate, the cell layer bends conformally with the front plate, and the arch height of the front plate is less than or equal to the maximum deformation amount that the cell can withstand under conformal bending; and / or The back plate is a curved back plate, the cell layer bends conformally with the back plate, and the arch height of the back plate is less than or equal to the maximum deformation amount that the cell can withstand under conformal bending.

18. The photovoltaic building surface according to claim 16, wherein, The photovoltaic building surface further includes an encapsulant layer, which is used to bond the front plate and the cell string, and to bond the cell string and the back plate.

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