High-voltage box

Abstract

A high-voltage box (100), comprising a box body (10), a cover plate (20) covering an opening of the box body (10), and electrical components provided in an accommodating space in the box body (10). The box body (10) comprises a first side plate (101) and a second side plate (102) opposite to each other; the accommodating space is located between the first side plate (101) and the second side plate (102); the electrical components comprise a battery management system (302), a positive electrode fuse (305) on a positive electrode loop and / or a negative electrode fuse (306) on a negative electrode loop; and the battery management system (302) is close to the first side plate (101), and the positive electrode fuse (305) and the negative electrode fuse (306) are close to the second side plate (102).

Description

High-voltage box

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 27, 2023, with application number 2023235919444. The entire contents of the above application are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of electric energy technology, and in particular to a high-voltage box. Background Art

[0003] The high-voltage box is an important component of the energy storage battery system. It is equipped with various electronic devices such as the Battery Management System (BMS), relays, fuses, power modules, etc. Technical issues

[0004] In the related art, the electronic devices inside the high-voltage box are arranged in a chaotic manner. In particular, high-power heating devices such as fuses are often close to the BMS, which can easily cause electromagnetic interference to the BMS. In addition, these high-power heating devices generate a lot of heat, which can easily cause the temperature around the BMS to be too high, causing the components inside the BMS to age, burn out or fail. Technical Solutions

[0005] The present application provides a high-voltage box, comprising a box body with an opening at the top, a cover plate for sealing the box body opening, and electrical components arranged in a storage space within the box body;

[0006] The box body includes a first side panel and a second side panel relative to each other, and the accommodating space is located between the first side panel and the second side panel. The electrical components include a battery management system, a positive pole fuse on the positive pole circuit and / or a negative pole fuse on the negative pole circuit. The battery management system is located on the side of the accommodating space close to the first side panel, and the positive pole fuse and the negative pole fuse are located on the side of the accommodating space close to the second side panel. Beneficial effects

[0007] The beneficial effects of the high-voltage box provided in the present application are as follows: the high-voltage box includes a box body with an opening at the top, a cover plate for sealing the opening of the box body, and electrical components arranged in a storage space inside the box body; the box body includes a first side panel and a second side panel opposite to each other, the storage space is located between the first side panel and the second side panel, the electrical components include a battery management system, a positive pole fuse on the positive pole circuit, and a negative pole fuse on the negative pole circuit, the battery management system is located on the side of the storage space close to the first side panel, the positive pole fuse and the negative pole fuse are located on the side of the storage space close to the second side panel, and by respectively arranging the battery management system and the positive and negative fuses on both sides of the storage space, the fuse is kept away from the battery management system, thereby reducing the electromagnetic interference of the fuse on the battery management system, and helping to reduce the impact of the heat generated by the fuse on the battery management system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage box provided by the present application;

[0009] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-voltage box provided in this application;

[0010] FIG3 is a circuit diagram of the positive and negative circuits inside the high-voltage box provided by the present application;

[0011] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the battery management system provided in this application.

[0012] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0013] High-voltage box: 100; box body: 10; first side panel: 101; second side panel: 102; third side panel: 103; lifting handle: 1031; switch handle: 1032; fourth side panel: 104; cover: 20; AC / DC power module: 301; battery management system: 302; isolation switch: 303; positive relay: 304; positive fuse: 305; negative relay: 306; negative fuse: 307; shunt: 308; first temperature sensor: 309; second temperature sensor: 310; balancing relay: 311; pre-charge resistor: 312; high-voltage wiring harness: 313; low-voltage wiring harness: 314; 220V power wiring harness: 316; balancing connection wiring harness: 315; Hall current sensor: 317; heat sinks: 41, 42; fan: 50; sealing ring: 60;

[0014] Positive input interface: P+; Negative input interface: P-; Positive output interface: B+; Negative output interface: B-; First area: a1; Second area: a2; Auxiliary power supply interface: J1; MBMU communication interface: J2; ​​SBMU communication interface: J3; Communication expansion interface: J4; Slave control power supply communication interface: J5; Power indicator light: L1; Fault indicator light: L2. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] Refer to Figures 1 to 4, where Figure 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of the positive and negative circuits inside the high-voltage box provided in the present application; Figure 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the battery management system provided in the present application, and Figure 3 illustrates the connection terminals of each component connected to the relevant pins in the battery management system shown in Figure 4.

[0016] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-voltage box 100 , which includes a box body 10 with an opening at the top, a cover plate 20 covering the opening of the box body 10 , and electrical components disposed in a storage space within the box body 10 .

[0017] The housing 10 includes a first side panel 101 and a second side panel 102 facing each other, with a storage space located between the first side panel 101 and the second side panel 102. The electrical components include a battery management system 302, a positive fuse 305 on the positive circuit, and / or a negative fuse 307 on the negative circuit. In one implementation, fuses are provided on both the positive and negative circuits, i.e., the electrical components include the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307. Of course, in other implementations, fuses may not be provided on the positive and negative circuits as needed.

[0018] It can be understood that the positive circuit refers to the circuit connecting the positive input interface and the positive output interface in the high-voltage box 100, and the positive voltage signal is input into the high-voltage box 100 from the positive input interface of the high-voltage box 100, and is transmitted to the positive output interface through the positive circuit for output; the negative circuit refers to the circuit connecting the negative input interface and the negative output interface in the high-voltage box 100, and the negative voltage signal is input into the high-voltage box 100 from the negative input interface of the high-voltage box 100, and is transmitted to the negative output interface for output through the negative circuit.

[0019] The battery management system 302 is located on a side of the accommodation space close to the first side plate 101, that is, the battery management system 302 is arranged close to the first side plate 101. Compared with the second side plate 102, the battery management system 302 is closer to the first side plate 101. For example, the battery management system 302 can be fixed on the first side plate 101, or the gap between the battery management system 302 and the first side plate 101 is small, such as the gap between the two is less than 5mm, such as 0mm (that is, the gap between the battery management system 302 and the first side plate 101 is less than 5mm). 01 direct contact), 2mm or 4mm, etc.; the positive and negative fuses 305 and 307 are located on one side of the accommodation space close to the second side plate 102, that is, the positive and negative fuses 305 and 307 are arranged close to the second side plate 102. Compared with the first side plate, the positive and negative fuses 305 and 307 are closer to the second side plate 102. For example, the positive and negative fuses 305 and 307 can both be fixed on the second side plate 102, or the gap between them and the second side plate 102 is small. It should be noted that the positive and negative fuses 305 and 307 can be arranged at different positions close to the second side plate 102 as needed. Therefore, by arranging the battery management system 302 and the positive and negative fuses 305 and 307 on both sides of the storage space in the box 10, so that the positive and negative fuses are away from the battery management system, the electromagnetic interference of the fuse to the battery management system can be reduced, and it is beneficial to reduce the impact of the heat generated by the fuse on the battery management system.

[0020] In some embodiments, the distance between the battery management system 302 and the positive pole fuse 305 and the negative pole fuse 307 is in the range of 200mm-280mm. For example, the distance between the battery management system 302 and the positive pole fuse 305 can be 210mm, 215mm or 230mm, and the distance between the battery management system 302 and the negative pole fuse 307 can be 220mm, 250mm or 270mm, etc. By setting a larger distance between the battery management system 302 and the positive pole fuse 305 and the negative pole fuse 307, the battery management system 302 is set away from the positive pole fuse 305 and the negative pole fuse 307, which can effectively reduce the electromagnetic interference effect of the fuse on the battery management system 302.

[0021] In one embodiment, the box 10 further includes a third side panel 103, a fourth side panel 104, and a bottom panel (not shown). The first side panel 101, the third side panel 103, the second side panel 102, and the fourth side panel 104 are connected end to end in sequence, and the first side panel 101, the third side panel 103, the second side panel 102, and the fourth side panel 104 are connected to the periphery of the bottom panel to collectively enclose a storage space. The box 10 is a square box, for example, a rectangular box or a square box.

[0022] In one embodiment, the first side panel 101, the fourth side panel 104 and the second side panel 102 can be an integrally formed bent part, and the third side panel 103 is connected to the bent part by welding, that is, the two ends of the third side panel 103 are respectively fixed to the first side panel 101 and the second side panel 102 by welding.

[0023] A positive input interface P+ and a negative input interface P- are provided on the side of the third side plate 103 close to the first side plate 101, and a positive output interface B+ and a negative output interface B- are provided on the side of the third side plate 103 close to the second side plate 102. For example, as shown in Figure 1, the positive input interface P+ and the negative input interface P- are provided on the left side of the third side plate 103, and the positive output interface B+ and the negative output interface B- are provided on the right side of the third side plate 103.

[0024] The electrical components also include an AC / DC power module 301, an isolating switch 303, a positive relay 304, a negative relay 306, and a shunt 308. The positive input interface P+, ​​isolating switch 303, positive relay 304, positive fuse 305, and positive output interface B+ are connected in sequence to form a positive circuit, while the negative input interface P-, isolating switch 303, negative relay 306, negative fuse 307, shunt 308, and negative output interface B- are connected in sequence to form a negative circuit. The battery management system 302 is connected to the AC / DC power module 301, the positive circuit, and the negative circuit.

[0025] In one embodiment, the AC / DC power module 301 can be mounted on the fourth side panel 104, with the battery management system 302 located at the corner between the first and fourth side panels 101, 104. The AC / DC power module 301 is located between the fourth side panel 104 and the battery management system 302. The positive fuse 305 and the positive output interface B+ are co-located, while the negative fuse 307 and the negative output interface B- are co-located to facilitate inter-device connectivity. A negative relay 306 is provided between the battery management system 302 and the negative fuse 307 to separate them. The positive fuse 305 can be positioned adjacent to the first side panel 101, thereby keeping the positive and negative fuses 305, 307 as far away from the battery management system 302 as possible.

[0026] In one embodiment, the electrical components further include a first temperature sensor 309 and a second temperature sensor 310 connected to the battery management system 302. The first temperature sensor 309 is positioned adjacent to the positive fuse 305, and the second temperature sensor 310 is positioned adjacent to the negative fuse 307. Thus, the first temperature sensor 309 and the second temperature sensor 310 can monitor the temperature of heat-generating components, such as fuses, to prevent excessive temperatures within the box from being detected in a timely manner. In some embodiments, the spacing between the first temperature sensor 309 and the positive fuse 305 is 18 mm to 22 mm, for example, 20 mm; the spacing between the second temperature sensor 310 and the negative fuse 307 is also 18 mm to 22 mm, for example, 20 mm.

[0027] Among them, the high-voltage box 100 can also include a display module, which can be set on the outer surface of the first side panel 101, or can also be set on the outer surface of the cover plate 20. The display module can be used to display the temperature data collected by the first temperature sensor 309 and the second temperature sensor 310.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present application, copper busbars can be used to connect the components in the positive and negative circuits, wherein the copper busbars connecting the fuses are implemented with copper busbars having a larger cross-sectional area to increase the heat dissipation area. Specifically, copper busbars having a first cross-sectional area are used to connect the positive relay 304 and the positive fuse 305, the positive fuse 305 and the positive output interface B+, the negative relay 306 and the negative fuse 307, and the negative fuse 307 and the shunt 308. The first cross-sectional area can be 2.5*40mm. 2 -3.5*45mm 2 , for example, it can be 3*35mm 2 Of course, in other embodiments, the first cross-sectional area may also be other values, for example, 3*38 mm 2or 3*40 mm 2 wait.

[0029] The copper bars at other locations, such as the copper bar between the disconnector 303 and the positive input port P+ and the negative input port P-, and the copper bar between the disconnector 303 and the positive relay 304, can be copper bars with smaller cross-sectional areas, such as 3*30mm. 2 copper busbar to save layout space.

[0030] In one embodiment, the copper busbar between the positive relay 304 and the positive fuse 305, and the copper busbar between the negative relay 306 and the negative fuse 307 are respectively provided with heat sinks 41 and 42, thereby effectively reducing the operating temperature of the fuses. In one embodiment, the housing 10 is further provided with a fan 50, with the air outlet of the fan 50 facing the heat sink on at least one of the copper busbars. As shown in FIG3 , the fan 50 can be mounted on the second side panel 102, with the air outlet of the fan 50 facing the heat sinks 41 and 42, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the fuses and improving the heat dissipation effect on the fuses.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present application, the electrical components further include a balancing relay 311 and a pre-charging resistor 312, which are connected in series to form a balancing branch, which is connected in parallel with the positive relay 304. The spacing between the pre-charging resistor 312 and the battery management system 302 can range from 130 mm to 150 mm, such as 135 mm or 145 mm, so that the pre-charging resistor 312 is spaced apart from the battery management system 302, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference from the pre-charging resistor 312 on the battery management system 302 and reducing the impact of heat generated by the pre-charging resistor 312 on the battery management system 302. By providing a balancing branch, the problem of circulating current between battery clusters can be alleviated.

[0032] The third side panel 103 is also provided with an auxiliary power supply interface J1, an MBMU (Master Battery Management Unit) communication interface J2, an SBMU (Slave Battery Management Unit) communication interface J3, a communication expansion interface J4, a slave power supply communication interface J5, a power indicator light L1, a fault indicator light L2, a pulling handle 1031, and a switch handle 1032 connected to the isolation switch 303.

[0033] There are two handles 1031, one located on each side of the third side panel 103. The auxiliary power port J1 is connected to the AC / DC power module 301 via a 220V power harness 316. The communication expansion port J4 can be used to connect to an external terminal resistor, allowing for compatibility with multiple high-voltage boxes in a cluster. The power indicator light L1 and the fault indicator light L2 are located on either side of the switch handle 1032.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present application, the electrical component further includes a Hall current sensor 317 , which is connected between the positive input interface P+ and the isolation switch 303 , thereby enabling current detection.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present application, the connection harness between the battery management system 302 and the AC / DC power module 301, the positive circuit, and the negative circuit includes a high-voltage harness 313 and a low-voltage harness 314. The high-voltage harness 313 and the low-voltage harness 314 are independent of each other, that is, the high-voltage harness 313 and the low-voltage harness 314 are separated from each other and led out separately, which can avoid mutual interference between the two and improve safety. In one embodiment, an insulating layer can be coated on the outer surface of the high-voltage harness 313 to improve insulation safety. As shown in Figure 2, the battery management system 302 is connected to the AC / DC power module 301, the isolation switch 303, the first temperature sensor 309, the second temperature sensor 310, the positive relay 304, the positive fuse 305, the negative relay 306, the negative fuse 307, the fan 50, the balancing relay 311, the Hall current sensor 317, the fault indicator light L1, the MBMU communication interface J2, the SBMU communication interface J3, the communication extension interface J4, and the slave control power supply through the low-voltage harness 314. The battery management system 302 is also connected to the copper busbar between the isolating switch 303 and the positive relay 304, the copper busbar between the isolating switch 303 and the negative relay 306, the copper busbar between the negative fuse 307 and the shunt 308, the copper busbar between the shunt, the positive fuse 305 and the positive output interface B+ through the high-voltage wiring harness 313. The battery management system 302 collects voltage through the high-voltage wiring harness 313, and the collection position is single-point collection, which can increase the reliability of the collection results.

[0036] The balancing connection harness 315 in the balancing branch and other harnesses such as the high-voltage harness 313 and the low-voltage harness 314 are independently arranged.

[0037] In conjunction with Figures 3 and 4 , Figure 3 illustrates some pin connections between components in the positive and negative circuits and the battery management system 302. For example, SBMU-1:1 and SBMU-1:2 of the shunt 308 shown in Figure 3 are the shunt's positive and negative sampling points, respectively, and are connected to pins SH1:1 and SH1:2 of the battery management system 302 shown in Figure 4 ; SBMU1:3 of the BAT_N node shown in Figure 3 is connected to the BAT_N battery's total negative pin shown in Figure 4 ; and SBMU-F:1 of the BAT_P node shown in Figure 3 is connected to the BAT_P battery's total positive pin shown in Figure 4 . The connection relationships of other components can be determined based on the corresponding pin names in Figures 3 and 4 and are not detailed here.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, a sealing ring 60 is provided between the cover plate 20 and the box body 10, thereby ensuring that the entire high-voltage box 100 meets the IP65 protection level. The end surfaces of the first side panel 101, the second side panel 102, the third side panel 103, and the fourth side panel 104, which are away from the bottom panel, have an extension portion that bends toward the receiving space, and the sealing ring 60 is located on this extension portion.

Claims

1. A high-voltage box, comprising a box body with an open top, a cover plate for covering the opening of the box body, and electrical components arranged in the accommodation space of the box body; The box body includes opposite first side plates and second side plates, the accommodation space is located between the first side plates and the second side plates, the electrical components include a battery management system, a positive fuse on the positive circuit and / or a negative fuse on the negative circuit, the battery management system is located on one side of the accommodation space close to the first side plate, and the positive fuse and / or the negative fuse are located on one side of the accommodation space close to the second side plate.

2. The high-voltage box according to claim 1, wherein, The distance between the battery management system and the positive fuse ranges from 200 mm to 280 mm, and / or the distance between the battery management system and the negative fuse ranges from 200 mm to 280 mm.

3. The high-voltage box according to claim 1, wherein, The electrical components include a positive fuse and a negative fuse, the box body further includes a third side plate, a fourth side plate and a bottom plate, the first side plate, the third side plate, the second side plate and the fourth side plate are connected end to end in sequence, and the first side plate, the third side plate, the second side plate and the fourth side plate are connected to the periphery of the bottom plate to jointly enclose the accommodation space; A positive input interface and a negative input interface are arranged on one side of the third side plate close to the first side plate, and a positive output interface and a negative output interface are arranged on one side of the third side plate close to the second side plate; the electrical components further include an AC / DC power module, a balancing relay, a pre-charge resistor, a disconnector, a positive relay, a negative relay and a shunt; the positive input interface, the disconnector, the positive relay, the positive fuse and the positive output interface are connected in sequence to form the positive circuit, and the negative input interface, the disconnector, the negative relay, the negative fuse, the shunt and the negative output interface are connected in sequence to form the negative circuit; the balancing relay and the pre-charge resistor are connected in series to form a balancing branch, and the balancing branch is connected in parallel with the positive relay; the battery management system is connected to the AC / DC power module, the positive circuit and the negative circuit.

4. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein, The box body is a square box body, the battery management system is located at the corner between the first side plate and the fourth side plate, and the AC / DC power module is located between the battery management system and the fourth side plate; the positive fuse and the positive output interface are on the same straight line, and the negative fuse and the negative output interface are on the same straight line.

5. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein, The first side plate, the fourth side plate and the second side plate are integrally formed bending parts, the third side plate is connected to the bending part by welding, and a sealing ring is arranged between the cover plate and the box body.

6. The high-voltage box according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The electrical components further include a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor connected to the battery management system, the first temperature sensor is arranged adjacent to the positive fuse, and the second temperature sensor is arranged adjacent to the negative fuse.

7. The high-voltage box according to claim 6, wherein The distance between the first temperature sensor and the positive fuse is 18 mm to 22 mm; the distance between the second temperature sensor and the negative fuse is 18 mm to 22 mm.

8. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein, The positive relay and the positive fuse, the positive fuse and the positive output interface, the negative relay and the negative fuse, and the negative fuse and the shunt are all connected by copper bars with a first cross-sectional area, and the first cross-sectional area is 2.5*40mm 2 -3.5*45mm 2 .

9. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein, Heat sinks are arranged on the copper bars between the positive relay and the positive fuse and between the negative relay and the negative fuse.

10. The high-voltage box according to claim 9, wherein, A fan is also provided on the box body, and the air outlet surface of the fan faces at least one of the heat sinks on the copper busbars.

11. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein, The connecting wire harnesses between the battery management system and the AC / DC power module, the positive electrode circuit, and the negative electrode circuit include high-voltage wire harnesses and low-voltage wire harnesses. The high-voltage wire harnesses and the low-voltage wire harnesses are independent of each other, and the outer surface of the high-voltage wire harnesses is coated with an insulating layer.

12. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein, An auxiliary power supply interface, a communication expansion interface, a slave control power supply communication interface, an MBMU communication interface, an SBMU communication interface, a power indicator light, a fault indicator light, a lifting handle, and a switch handle connected to the disconnector are also provided on the third side plate.

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