Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, and provides an antenna and an electronic device, which can solve the problem in the prior art that antennas cannot satisfy communication requirements of different communication functions. The antenna comprises a primary radiator, a first parasitic radiator, a second parasitic radiator and a tuning apparatus; the primary radiator is arranged between the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator, there being a first gap between the first parasitic radiator and the primary radiator, and the primary radiator having a feeding point and a first connecting point; the first parasitic radiator has a second connecting point and a third connecting point, the second connecting point being connected to a ground plane; the second parasitic radiator has a fourth connecting point and a fifth connecting point, the fourth connecting point being connected to the ground plane; the tuning apparatus comprises a first tuner and a second tuner, the first tuner being connected between the third connecting point and the ground plane, and the second tuner being connected between the fifth connecting point and the ground plane. The present application can be applied to electronic devices such as foldable mobile phones and tablet computers.

Description

Antennas and electronic equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on December 28, 2023, with application number 202311855964.X and application name “Antenna and Electronic Equipment”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application.

[0002] In the field of technology

[0003] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0004] With the rapid development of communication technology, electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets have more and more communication functions, such as cellular network communication, WIFI (wireless fidelity; wireless local area network) communication and satellite communication. Since different communication functions have different communication characteristics, different requirements are needed for the design of electronic device antennas for different communication functions to achieve the best user experience. For example, for satellite communication, electronic devices need to communicate with satellites above the zenith, so the directivity pattern of the electronic device antenna is required to be strongest towards the zenith and the beam width is relatively wide, so as to have a higher gain to obtain a better communication experience; for example, for WIFI communication, users are usually distributed in different locations indoors, so the directivity pattern of the electronic device's WIFI antenna must be designed to radiate evenly in all directions, and the antenna's directivity coefficient must be low, so that users at different locations can obtain a better communication experience. It can be seen that how to design the antenna of an electronic device to meet the requirements of different communication functions has become one of the important topics in the industry.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna and an electronic device, which are used to solve the problem in the related art that the antenna of the electronic device cannot meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, comprising a radiator and a tuning device, the radiator comprising a main radiator, a first parasitic radiator and a second parasitic radiator; the main radiator is arranged between the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator, and there is a first gap between the first parasitic radiator and the main radiator; the main radiator has a feeding point and a first connection point, the feeding point is used to connect to a feed source, and the first connection point is connected to a reference ground; the first parasitic radiator has a second connection point and a third connection point, and the second connection point is connected to the reference ground; the second parasitic radiator has a fourth connection point and a fifth connection point, and the fourth connection point is connected to the reference ground; the tuning device comprises a first tuner and a second tuner, the first tuner is connected between the third connection point and the reference ground, and the second tuner is connected between the fifth connection point and the reference ground.

[0009] In the antenna of the embodiment of the present application, a first parasitic radiator and a second parasitic radiator are provided on both sides of the main radiator. The first parasitic radiator is connected to a first tuner, and the second parasitic radiator is connected to a second tuner. In this way, according to the characteristics of different communication functions, the tuning device can load different configurations on the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator, so that at least one of the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator can regulate the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground, thereby achieving control of the antenna's directional pattern, thereby improving the user experience.

[0010] In some embodiments, the tuning device further includes a third tuner connected between the second connection point and the reference ground. With this arrangement, more matching can be added to the first parasitic radiator to adjust the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator.

[0011] In some embodiments, the tuning device has a first state. When the tuning device is in the first state, the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator and the resonant frequency of the second parasitic radiator are both lower than the resonant frequency of the main radiator. With this configuration, both the first and second parasitic radiators can regulate the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground, thereby better controlling the antenna's directivity pattern.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in a first state, the inductor of the first tuner is connected between the third connection point and the reference ground, the capacitor of the second tuner is connected between the fifth connection point and the reference ground, and the capacitor or zero-ohm resistor of the third tuner is connected between the second connection point and the reference ground. This arrangement allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequencies of the first and second parasitic radiators.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tuning device further includes a feed tuner, comprising a first inductor and a first capacitor. The first electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the feed point, and the second electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the feed source. One end of the first inductor is connected between the feed point and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to a reference ground. This arrangement can better adjust the impedance matching of the antenna and the resonant frequency of the main radiator.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tuning device further includes a feed tuner, comprising a first inductor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. The first electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the feed point, and the second electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the feed source. One end of the first inductor is connected between the feed point and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to a reference ground. The second capacitor is connected between the second electrode and the reference ground. This arrangement can better adjust the impedance matching of the antenna and the resonant frequency of the main radiator.

[0015] In some embodiments, the radiator further includes a third parasitic radiator, located on a side of the first parasitic radiator away from the first gap; the third parasitic radiator has a sixth connection point and a seventh connection point, with the sixth connection point connected to the reference ground; and the tuning device further includes a fourth tuner connected between the seventh connection point and the reference ground. With this arrangement, the third parasitic radiator can further regulate the current on the reference ground, thereby better controlling the antenna's directivity pattern.

[0016] In some embodiments, the tuning device has a second state. When the tuning device is in the second state, the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator, and the resonant frequency of the second parasitic radiator is less than the resonant frequency of the main radiator. This configuration can improve antenna efficiency.

[0017] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the second state, the inductor and capacitor of the third tuner are connected in parallel and between the third connection point and the reference ground. The first tuner is in the off-circuit state, the capacitor of the second tuner is connected between the fifth connection point and the reference ground, and the capacitor of the fourth tuner is connected between the seventh connection point and the reference ground. This configuration can better adjust the resonant frequencies of the first and second parasitic radiators, thereby helping the first parasitic radiator improve antenna efficiency.

[0018] In some embodiments, the tuning device has a third state. When the tuning device is in the third state, the 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner is connected between the fifth connection point and the connector, the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator is lower than the resonant frequency of the main radiator, and the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator is higher than the resonant frequency of the main radiator. This configuration can regulate the radiation pattern and improve antenna efficiency.

[0019] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the third state, the inductor of the first tuner is connected between the third connection point and the reference ground, the zero-ohm resistor of the third tuner is connected between the second connection point and the reference ground, and the inductor of the fourth tuner is connected between the seventh connection point and the reference ground. This arrangement can better adjust the resonant frequencies of the first and third parasitic radiators, thereby better suppressing current on the reference ground and improving antenna efficiency.

[0020] In some embodiments, the tuning device has a fourth state. When the tuning device is in the fourth state, the 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner is connected between the fifth connection point and the connector, the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator, and the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator. This configuration can improve antenna efficiency. In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the fourth state, the inductor element of the first tuner is connected between the third connection point and the reference ground, and the inductor element of the third tuner is connected between the second connection point and the reference ground. This configuration can better adjust the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator, thereby benefiting the first parasitic radiator in improving antenna efficiency.

[0021] In some embodiments, the radiator further includes a fourth parasitic radiator, the fourth parasitic radiator being connected to the third parasitic radiator and at least partially located on a side of the third parasitic radiator away from the first parasitic radiator. The fourth parasitic radiator has an eighth connection point, the sixth connection point being located between the seventh connection point and the eighth connection point, and the seventh connection point being located between the sixth connection point and the first parasitic radiator. The tuning device further includes a fifth tuner connected between the eighth connection point and a reference ground. With this arrangement, the fourth parasitic radiator can further suppress current on the reference ground, thereby regulating the antenna's directivity pattern to make it more uniform.

[0022] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the second state, the capacitive element of the fifth tuner is connected between the eighth connection point and the reference ground. This arrangement can adjust the resonant frequency of the fourth parasitic radiator, thereby enabling the fourth parasitic radiator to further suppress the current on the reference ground.

[0023] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the third state, the capacitive element of the fifth tuner is connected between the eighth connection point and the reference ground. This arrangement can adjust the resonant frequency of the fourth parasitic radiator, thereby enabling the fourth parasitic radiator to further suppress the current on the reference ground.

[0024] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the fourth state, the capacitive element of the fifth tuner is connected between the eighth connection point and the reference ground. This arrangement can adjust the resonant frequency of the fourth parasitic radiator, thereby enabling the fourth parasitic radiator to further suppress the current on the reference ground.

[0025] In some embodiments, the tuning device also includes a feed tuner, which includes a second inductance element, a third inductance element and a third capacitance element. The third inductance element and the third capacitance element are connected in series, and the third capacitance element is located between the feeding point and the third inductance element. The third inductance element is used to connect to the feed source, one end of the second inductance element is connected between the feeding point and the third capacitance element, and the other end is connected to the reference ground.

[0026] In some embodiments, the main radiator and the second parasitic radiator are connected, and the main radiator and the second parasitic radiator are overall L-shaped. This arrangement can make the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator have a better effect on regulating the current on the reference ground.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first connection point and the fourth connection point are the same connection point, and the first connection point is located at a corner. This arrangement is conducive to simplifying the structure of the antenna.

[0028] In some embodiments, the second connection point is located at an end of the first parasitic radiator close to the first gap, and the third connection point is located at an end of the first parasitic radiator away from the first gap. This arrangement can increase the tuning range of the first tuner.

[0029] In some embodiments, the fifth connection point is disposed at an end of the second parasitic radiator away from the main radiator. This arrangement can increase the tuning range of the second tuner.

[0030] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a shell and the antenna of the first aspect; the shell comprises a bottom wall and a side wall arranged at the edge of the bottom wall, the bottom wall is configured as a reference ground of the antenna, and the radiator of the antenna is located on the side wall.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the antenna in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0032] In some embodiments, the housing includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing and the second housing being switchable between a folded state and an unfolded state, each comprising a bottom wall and side walls. The housing includes two antennas, one for Wi-Fi and one for satellite, with the Wi-Fi antenna being at least partially located at a corner of the top of the first housing, and the other for satellite being at least partially located at a corner of the top of the second housing. This arrangement prevents the antennas from being covered by hands, thereby ensuring communication quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of an antenna of an electronic device in the related art;

[0034] FIG2 is a directional diagram of a satellite antenna when the electronic device in FIG1 is held in both hands;

[0035] FIG3 is a directional diagram and directivity coefficient of the WIFI antenna of the terminal device in FIG1 ;

[0036] FIG4 a is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in some embodiments of the present application;

[0037] FIG4 b is a top view of the housing of the electronic device shown in FIG4 a ;

[0038] FIG5a is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0039] FIG5 b is a top view of the housing of the electronic device shown in FIG5 a ;

[0040] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in a second embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG8 a is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in a third embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG8b is a circuit connection diagram of the feed-through tuner in FIG8a in a first state;

[0044] FIG9 is a simulation model diagram of the antenna in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG10 a is an S-parameter curve of the antenna in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG10 b is an efficiency curve of the antenna in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG11 shows the directional pattern and total directivity coefficient (Dir Total=3.88dBi) of the antenna in the third embodiment of the present application under linear polarization;

[0048] FIG12 shows the directional pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in the third embodiment of the present application under left-hand circular polarization (Dir LHCP=1.57 dBi);

[0049] FIG13 shows the current distribution on the radiator and the reference ground during a signal cycle (frequency is 2 GHz) of the antenna in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG14 shows the electric field distribution on the radiator and the reference ground during a signal cycle (frequency at 2 GHz) of the antenna in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG15 is a diagram of a second simulation model of the antenna in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG16a is an S-parameter curve of the antenna in FIG15 ;

[0053] FIG16 b is an efficiency curve of the antenna in FIG15 ;

[0054] FIG17 shows the directivity pattern and total directivity coefficient (Dir Total = 4.84 dBi) of the antenna in FIG15 under linear polarization;

[0055] FIG18 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in FIG15 under left-hand circular polarization (Dir LHCP = 2.1 dBi);

[0056] FIG19 shows the current distribution on the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna in FIG15 during a signal cycle (frequency is 2 GHz);

[0057] FIG20 shows the electric field distribution on the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna in FIG15 during one signal cycle (frequency at 2 GHz);

[0058] FIG21 is a third simulation model diagram of the antenna in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG22a is an S-parameter curve of the antenna in FIG21;

[0060] FIG22 b is an efficiency curve of the antenna in FIG21 ;

[0061] FIG23 shows the directivity pattern and total directivity coefficient (Dir Total = 2.79 dBi) of the antenna in FIG21 under linear polarization;

[0062] FIG24 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in FIG21 under left-hand circular polarization (Dir LHCP = 1.05 dBi);

[0063] FIG25 shows the current distribution on the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna in FIG21 during a signal cycle (frequency at 2 GHz);

[0064] FIG26 shows the electric field distribution on the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna in FIG21 during one signal cycle (frequency is 2 GHz);

[0065] FIG27 is a schematic diagram of an antenna in a fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG28 is a first schematic diagram of the tuning device in the antenna shown in FIG27 in the first state;

[0067] FIG29 is an S-parameter curve and an efficiency curve of the antenna in FIG28 ;

[0068] FIG30 shows the directivity pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in FIG28;

[0069] FIG31 is a second schematic diagram of the tuning device in the antenna shown in FIG27 in the first state;

[0070] FIG32 shows the directivity pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in FIG31;

[0071] FIG33 a is a schematic diagram of an antenna in a fifth embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG33 b is a circuit connection diagram of the feed tuner of the antenna in FIG33 a in a first state;

[0073] FIG34 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device of the antenna in FIG33a in a second state;

[0074] FIG35 is a circuit connection diagram of the feed tuner of the antenna in FIG34 in a second state;

[0075] FIG36 is an S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of the antenna in FIG34 ;

[0076] FIG37 shows the directivity pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in FIG34;

[0077] FIG38 is a schematic diagram of an antenna in a sixth embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG39 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device of the antenna in FIG38 in a third state;

[0079] FIG40 is an S-parameter curve and an efficiency curve of the antenna in FIG39;

[0080] FIG41 shows the directivity pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in FIG39;

[0081] FIG42 is a schematic diagram of an antenna in a seventh embodiment of the present application;

[0082] FIG43 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration in which the fourth parasitic radiator of the antenna in FIG42 is loaded when the tuning device is in a third state;

[0083] FIG44 is a directional diagram of the antenna in FIG43;

[0084] FIG45 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device of the antenna in FIG38 in a first state;

[0085] FIG46 shows the directivity pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna shown in FIG45;

[0086] FIG47 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device of the antenna in FIG38 in a fourth state;

[0087] FIG48 is an S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of the antenna in FIG47 ;

[0088] FIG49 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in FIG47 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] The technical solutions in some embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0090] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of an antenna for an electronic device in the related art. As shown in Figure 1 , the electronic device is a foldable mobile phone, and Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the electronic device in an unfolded state. The electronic device includes a housing 01 and an antenna 02. Housing 01 includes a first housing 011 and a second housing 012. First housing 011 and second housing 012 can switch between an unfolded state (shown in Figure 1 ) and a folded state. First housing 011 and second housing 012 each include a housing bottom wall 013 and a housing side wall 014 disposed at the edge of housing bottom wall 013.

[0091] The housing sidewall 014 is provided with multiple slots, with the radiator 021 of antenna 02 formed between adjacent slots. The housing bottom wall 013 serves as a reference ground for antenna 02, and radiator 021 has a feed point and a ground point. There are multiple antennas 02, two of which are a Wi-Fi antenna and a satellite antenna. The Wi-Fi antenna's radiator 021 is located in the upper left corner of the first housing 011 in Figure 1, and the satellite antenna's radiator 021 is located in the upper right corner of the second housing 012 in Figure 1. The radiators 021 of the other antennas 02 are short-circuited to ground with a 0-ohm resistor in the simulation diagram.

[0092] FIG2 is a directional diagram of the satellite antenna when the electronic device in FIG1 is held in both hands. As can be seen from FIG2 , the directional diagram of the satellite antenna does not radiate toward the top, but toward the left side (the darker area in the figure is the area with the strongest radiation).

[0093] FIG3 shows the directional pattern and directivity coefficient of the WIFI antenna of the terminal device in FIG1 . As can be seen from FIG3 , the directional pattern of the WIFI antenna is toward the right, is not an overall uniform directional pattern, and has a directivity coefficient greater than 4.2 dBi.

[0094] It can be seen from this that the antenna 02 in the related art cannot well control the directional pattern. For example, the directions of the directional patterns of the satellite antenna and the WIFI antenna deviate significantly from the optimal position. This makes the antenna 02 unable to meet the communication requirements of different communication functions, which is not conducive to improving the user experience.

[0095] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna and an electronic device, wherein a first parasitic radiator and a second parasitic radiator are respectively arranged on both sides of the main radiator of the antenna, and the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator are both connected to a tuner. In this way, the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator can regulate the current on the reference ground of the antenna, thereby achieving regulation of the antenna radiation pattern to prevent the antenna radiation pattern from deviating significantly from the optimal position.

[0096] Figure 4a is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device in some embodiments of the present application, and Figure 4b is a top view of the housing 300 of the electronic device shown in Figure 4a. As shown in Figures 4a and 4b, the electronic device is a foldable mobile phone and includes a display screen 200, a housing 300 and an antenna 100.

[0097] The housing 300 includes a first housing 310 and a second housing 320. A hinge mechanism 500 is provided at the junction of the first and second housings 310, 320, allowing the first and second housings 310, 320 to switch between a folded state and an unfolded state (as shown in Figures 4a and 4b). Each of the first and second housings 310, 320 includes a bottom wall 330, side walls 340, and a back cover 350. The side walls 340 are disposed at the edges of the bottom wall 330 and, together with the bottom wall 330, form the middle frame of the electronic device. The display screen 200 and back cover 350 are located on opposite sides of the middle frame.

[0098] As shown in FIG. 4 a and FIG. 4 b , the radiator of the antenna 100 is disposed on the side wall 340 , and the bottom wall 330 is configured as a reference ground (also referred to as a “floor”) of the antenna 100 .

[0099] In some embodiments, the sidewall 340 includes a metal sidewall 340 and an insulating sidewall 340 located inside the metal sidewall 340. The metal sidewall 340 has multiple slots formed along the circumference of the bottom wall 330. The radiator of the antenna 100 is formed between two adjacent slots. The radiator of the antenna 100 is disposed on the insulating sidewall 340. The metal sidewall 340 may be made of aluminum, stainless steel, an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, a magnesium alloy, or the like. The insulating frame may be made of plastic, such as PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PPSU (polyphenylene sulfone resin), or PEEK (polyether-ether-ketone).

[0100] In some embodiments, the metal sidewall and the bottom wall 330 of the housing 300 may be an integral structure. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the metal sidewall 340 and the bottom wall 330 of the housing 300 may also be separate structures.

[0101] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG4b , there are two antennas 100 , one for WiFi and the other for satellite. The WiFi antenna is at least partially located at a corner of the top of the first housing 310, and the other for satellite. The WiFi antenna is at least partially located at a corner of the top of the second housing 320. This arrangement prevents the antennas 100 from being covered when the user holds the electronic device with two hands or one hand, thereby ensuring communication quality.

[0102] Of course, the WIFI antenna can be located at any other location on the top of the first housing 310, or on the side of the first housing 310, in addition to being located at the corner of the top of the first housing 310. This is not specifically limited here. The satellite antenna can be located at any other location on the top of the second housing 320, in addition to being located at the corner of the top of the second housing 320. This is not specifically limited here. Satellite antennas include, but are not limited to, GPS antennas and satellite communication antennas.

[0103] In addition to being a foldable mobile phone, the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application can also be a tablet computer, as shown in Figures 5a and 5b. Figure 5a is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device in other embodiments of the present application, and Figure 5b is a top view of the housing 300 of the electronic device shown in Figure 5a. The housing 300 includes a bottom wall 330, side walls 340, and a back cover 350. The side walls 340 are arranged at the edge of the bottom wall 330 and, together with the bottom wall 330, form the middle frame of the electronic device. The display screen 200 and the back cover 350 are respectively located on opposite sides of the middle frame. The back cover 350 and the middle frame enclose a storage space, which is used to accommodate components such as the motherboard and the battery.

[0104] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5b , there are two antennas 100 , one for WiFi and the other for a satellite antenna. The WiFi antenna is at least partially located at one corner of the top of the housing 300, and the other for the satellite antenna is at least partially located at another corner of the top of the housing 300. This arrangement prevents the radiator of the antenna 100 from being covered when the user holds the electronic device with both hands or one hand, thereby ensuring the communication quality of the antenna 100. In addition to being located at the corners of the top of the housing 300, the WiFi antenna and the satellite antenna may also be located at other locations on the top of the housing 300, or the WiFi antenna may be located on the side of the housing 300.

[0105] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the antenna 100 in the first embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, the radiator and the tuning device 4 of the antenna 100, the radiator includes a main radiator 1, a first parasitic radiator 2 and a second parasitic radiator 3, the main radiator 1 is arranged between the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3, and a first gap 7 is formed between the first parasitic radiator 2 and the main radiator 1. The main radiator 1 has a feeding point P0 and a first connection point P1. The feeding point P0 is used to connect to the feed source 400, and the first connection point P1 is connected to the reference ground; the first parasitic radiator 2 has a second connection point P2 and a third connection point P3, and the second connection point P2 is connected to the reference ground; the second parasitic radiator 3 has a fourth connection point P4 and a fifth connection point P5, and the fourth connection point P4 is connected to the reference ground.

[0106] Tuning device 4 includes a first tuner 41 and a second tuner 42. First tuner 41 is connected between third connection point P3 and reference ground, and second tuner 42 is connected between fifth connection point P5 and reference ground. Both first tuner 41 and second tuner 42 include tuning switches and matching elements. Matching elements include, but are not limited to, zero-ohm resistors, inductors, capacitors, and the like.

[0107] By disposing a first parasitic radiator 2 and a second parasitic radiator 3 on both sides of the main radiator 1, and connecting the first parasitic radiator 2 to the first tuner 41 and the second parasitic radiator 3 to the second tuner 42, the tuning device 4 can load different configurations on the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 according to the characteristics of different communication functions (such as satellite communication and WiFi communication), so that at least one of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 can regulate the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground, thereby achieving the regulation of the directional pattern of the antenna 100, thereby improving the user experience.

[0108] The following uses a satellite antenna as an example to specifically explain the control of the directional pattern in a satellite communication scenario. The directional pattern control for a satellite communication scenario is to adjust the directional pattern to the optimal position toward the zenith.

[0109] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7 , which is a schematic structural diagram of antenna 100 according to a second embodiment of the present application, tuning device 4 further includes a third tuner 43 connected between second connection point P2 and the reference ground. The provision of third tuner 43 allows for more matching of first parasitic radiator 2 to adjust its resonant frequency, thereby enabling antenna 100 to better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0110] The third tuner 43 includes a tuning switch and matching elements; the matching elements include but are not limited to 0 ohm resistors, inductors, capacitors, and the like.

[0111] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7 , the tuning device 4 has a first state. When the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the resonant frequencies of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are both lower than the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1. With this configuration, the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 can both regulate the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground, thereby suppressing current on the reference ground from flowing outside the region where the radiators are located (i.e., the left end of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the lower end of the second parasitic radiator 3 in FIG7 ), thereby better regulating the directivity pattern of the antenna 100 and bringing the directivity pattern of the antenna 100 closer to the optimal position.

[0112] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7, when tuning device 4 is in a first state, the inductor of first tuner 41 is connected between third connection point P3 and the reference ground, the capacitor of second tuner 42 is connected between fifth connection point P5 and the reference ground, and the zero-ohm resistor of third tuner 43 is connected between second connection point P2 and the reference ground. This arrangement allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequencies of first and second parasitic radiators 2 and 3, enabling them to better regulate the magnitude and distribution of current on the reference ground.

[0113] As shown in FIG7 , when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductance value of the inductance element of the first tuner 41 is 8.2 nH, and the capacitance value of the capacitance element of the second tuner 42 is 1.2 pF. However, this is not limited to the above. The inductance value of the inductance element of the first tuner 41 and the capacitance value of the capacitance element of the second tuner 42 can also be set to other values ​​according to actual conditions.

[0114] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7 , the main radiator 1 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are connected, and the main radiator 1 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are L-shaped as a whole. The main radiator 1 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are disposed at corners of the housing 300 . The main radiator 1 and the first parasitic radiator 2 are both disposed at a first edge 331 of the bottom wall 330 , with the first edge 331 extending along the horizontal direction X. The second parasitic radiator 3 is disposed at a second edge 332 of the bottom wall 330 , with the second edge 332 extending along the longitudinal direction Y.

[0115] With this configuration, the first parasitic radiator 2 can regulate the magnitude of the current along the horizontal direction X on the reference ground to suppress the current flowing outside the region where the radiator is located (the left side in the figure) along the horizontal direction X on the reference ground. The second parasitic radiator 3 can regulate the magnitude of the current along the vertical direction Y on the reference ground to suppress the current flowing outside the region where the radiator is located (the lower side in the figure) along the vertical direction Y on the reference ground, thereby reducing the current flowing outside the region where the radiator is located on the reference ground. By regulating the current on the reference ground in two directions, the first and second parasitic radiators 2 and 3 can achieve better current regulation effects on the reference ground, thereby bringing the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 closer to the optimal position.

[0116] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7 , the second parasitic radiator 3 is integrally formed with the main radiator 1. This arrangement eliminates the need for a gap between the second parasitic radiator 3 and the main radiator 1, reducing the number of gaps required in the electronic device housing 300 and facilitating the manufacture of the electronic device housing 300. Furthermore, the integral structure of the second parasitic radiator 3 and the main radiator 1 places the second parasitic radiator 3 closer to the feed point P0 on the main radiator 1, thereby enhancing the current-mode excitation of the second parasitic radiator 3.

[0117] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7 , the first connection point P1 and the fourth connection point P4 are the same connection point, and the first connection point P1 is located at a corner. This arrangement allows the main radiator 1 and the second parasitic radiator 3 to share a single connection point, thereby reducing the number of connection points on the radiator and simplifying the structure of the antenna 100.

[0118] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the second connection point P2 is disposed at an end of the first parasitic radiator 2 close to the first gap 7, and the third connection point P3 is disposed at an end of the first parasitic radiator 2 away from the first gap 7. This arrangement enables the third connection point P3 connected to the first tuning device 4 to be located at an end of the first parasitic radiator 2 away from the feeding point P0. This can increase the tuning range of the first tuner 41, thereby helping the antenna 100 better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0119] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7 , the fifth connection point P5 is disposed at the end of the second parasitic radiator 3 away from the main radiator 1. This arrangement enables the fifth connection point P5, to which the second tuning device 4 is connected, to be located at the end of the second parasitic radiator 3 away from the feeding point P0. This allows the second tuner 42 to have a wider tuning range, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0120] The ends of the first parasitic radiator 2 , the second parasitic radiator 3 and the main radiator 1 may be any position on the end surface or a position close to the end surface, such as within 3 mm.

[0121] Of course, the second connection point P2, the third connection point P3, and the fifth connection point P5 are not limited to being set at the positions shown in Figures 6 and 7, and can also be set at other positions. For example, the second connection point P2 and the third connection point P3 are set at the middle position of the first parasitic radiator 2 (excluding the two end positions), and the fifth connection point P5 is set at the middle position of the second parasitic radiator 3 (excluding the two end positions).

[0122] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8a, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of the present application, the tuning device 4 further includes a feed tuner 40, which is connected to the feed point P0. By providing the feed tuner 40, the feed tuner 40 can adjust the impedance matching of the antenna 100 and the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1 by loading different configurations onto the main radiator 1, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0123] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8b , FIG8b is a circuit connection diagram of the feed tuner 40 in FIG8a in a first state. The feed tuner 40 includes a first inductor L1 and a first capacitor C1. When the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the first electrode of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the feed point P0, and the second electrode of the first capacitor C1 is used to connect to the feed source 400. One end of the first inductor L1 is connected between the feed point P0 and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. By providing the first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1, the impedance matching of the antenna 100 and the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1 can be better adjusted, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0124] Among them, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductance value of the first inductance element L1 is 9.1nH, and the capacitance value of the first capacitance element C1 is 1pF, but it is not limited to this. The inductance value of the first inductance element L1 and the capacitance value of the first capacitance element C1 can also be set to other values ​​according to actual conditions.

[0125] The following describes in detail the technical effect of the tuning device 4 in the first state in the embodiment of the present application and the principle for achieving the technical effect.

[0126] Figure 9 is a diagram of a simulation model of the antenna 100 according to the third embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 9 , the main parameters of the simulation model are: the length of the main radiator 1 is 19.5 mm, the length of the first parasitic radiator 2 is 30.5 mm, an 8.2 nH inductor is loaded at the third connection point P3 of the first parasitic radiator 2, a 0 ohm resistor is loaded at the second connection point P2 of the first parasitic radiator 2, the length of the second parasitic radiator 3 is 11 mm, the fourth connection point P4 of the second parasitic radiator 3 is grounded, and a 1.2 pF capacitor is loaded at the fifth connection point P5 of the second parasitic radiator 3.

[0127] Figure 10a shows the S-parameter curve of antenna 100 in the third embodiment of the present application, and Figure 10b shows the efficiency curve of antenna 100 in the third embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from Figure 10a, the S-parameter curve shows two distinct resonances. The resonance at 2 GHz is the resonant mode of primary radiator 1. The resonances of first parasitic radiator 2 and second parasitic radiator 3 are indistinguishable on the S-parameter curve, both located near the 1.92 GHz resonance. As can be seen from the efficiency curve in Figure 10b, antenna 100 has high efficiency around 2 GHz.

[0128] Figure 11 shows the directional pattern and total directivity coefficient (Dir Total = 3.88dBi) of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of the present application under linear polarization, and Figure 12 shows the directional pattern and directivity coefficient (Dir LHCP = 1.57dBi) of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of the present application under left-hand circular polarization. It can be seen from Figures 11 and 12 that when the electronic device is held with both hands, the directional pattern of the antenna 100 toward the top is relatively strong (the darker the color, the stronger the gain), and the directional pattern is relatively strong regardless of whether it is a front view or a side view. Compared with the directional patterns of the antennas in the related art, the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application obviously has an improved directional pattern.

[0129] The directional pattern of antenna 100 is the far-field radiation effect of the current on the radiator and the current on the reference ground. The following explains the principle of achieving this effect from the perspective of current and electric field:

[0130] FIG13 shows the current distribution on the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of the present application during a signal cycle (frequency is 2 GHz). As can be seen from FIG13 , the currents on the main radiator 1, the first parasitic radiator 2, and the second parasitic radiator 3 are relatively strong, while the current on the reference ground surrounding the radiator is relatively weak. The current on the reference ground is confined to the area near the radiator, and the current on the left side of the reference ground is relatively small, resulting in less distortion of the radiation pattern.

[0131] Within a signal cycle, the current of the first parasitic radiator 2 flows in the same direction as the current of the main radiator 1. The current of the second parasitic radiator 3 flows in the same direction as the current of the main radiator 1 in half a cycle and in the opposite direction in the other half. This shows that the current on the radiator is not a pure co-directional mode or a purely counter-directional mode, because the mode of the second parasitic radiator 3 is relatively close to the main mode of the main radiator 1.

[0132] Figure 14 shows the electric field distribution on the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of the present application during a signal period (frequency is 2 GHz). It can be seen from Figure 14 that the electric field is confined near the radiator during the entire signal period, and the electric field on the left reference ground is not obvious, which has little effect on the radiation pattern.

[0133] In order to better illustrate the functions of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 , the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are short-circuited respectively, and the effects are compared with the direction diagram and the current electric field.

[0134] FIG15 is a second simulation model diagram of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of the present application. The main difference between the simulation model diagram shown in FIG15 and the simulation model diagram in FIG9 is that a 0-ohm resistor is loaded at the third connection point P3 of the first parasitic radiator 2, which is equivalent to short-circuiting the first parasitic radiator 2.

[0135] Figure 16a shows the S-parameter curve of antenna 100 in Figure 15, and Figure 16b shows the efficiency curve of antenna 100 in Figure 15. Figure 16a shows two distinct resonances in the S-parameter curve: the resonance of second parasitic radiator 3 at around 1.9 GHz, and the resonance at 2 GHz, which is the resonant mode of main radiator 1. The efficiency curve in Figure 16b shows that antenna 100 has high efficiency around 1.9 GHz.

[0136] Figure 17 shows the directional pattern and total directivity (Dir Total = 4.84 dBi) of antenna 100 in Figure 15 under linear polarization, and Figure 18 shows the directional pattern and directivity (Dir LHCP = 2.1 dBi) of antenna 100 in Figure 15 under left-hand circular polarization. Figures 17 and 18 show that after short-circuiting the first parasitic radiator 2, the directional pattern changes significantly when held with both hands. The entire directional pattern deflects to the left, with a concave point appearing directly above, and radiation toward the top significantly reduced. Compared to Figures 11 and 12, it can be seen that the first parasitic radiator 2 significantly suppresses the leftward deflection of the directional pattern.

[0137] FIG19 shows the current distribution on the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna 100 in FIG15 during one signal cycle (frequency at 2 GHz), and FIG20 shows the electric field distribution on the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna 100 in FIG15 during one signal cycle (frequency at 2 GHz). FIG19 shows that the currents on the main radiator 1 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are relatively strong, while the current on the reference ground is slightly weaker. FIG20 shows that, during one signal cycle, due to the absence of the first parasitic radiator 2, the electric field to the left of the reference ground is relatively strong and cannot be suppressed within the region where the radiator is located, resulting in a significant leftward deflection of the antenna 100's directivity pattern.

[0138] In order to illustrate the function of the second parasitic radiator 3 , the second parasitic radiator 3 is short-circuited, and its effect is seen from the comparison between the directional pattern and the current electric field.

[0139] Figure 21 is a third simulation model diagram of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of the present application. The main difference between the simulation model diagram shown in Figure 21 and the simulation model diagram in Figure 9 is that a 0-ohm resistor is loaded at the fifth connection point P5 of the second parasitic radiator 3, which is equivalent to short-circuiting the second parasitic radiator 3.

[0140] Figure 22a shows the S-parameter curve of antenna 100 in Figure 21, and Figure 22b shows the efficiency curve of antenna 100 in Figure 21. Figure 22a shows two resonances in the S-parameter curve: the lower resonance is that of the first parasitic radiator 2, and the higher resonance is the resonant mode of the main radiator 1. The efficiency curve in Figure 22b shows that antenna 100 has high efficiency around 2 GHz.

[0141] Figure 23 shows the directional pattern and total directivity (Dir Total = 2.79 dBi) of antenna 100 in Figure 21 under linear polarization, and Figure 24 shows the directional pattern and directivity (Dir LHCP = 1.05 dBi) of antenna 100 in Figure 21 under left-hand circular polarization. As can be seen in Figures 23 and 24, due to the presence of first parasitic radiator 2, the directional pattern toward the top is still relatively full. However, compared with Figures 11 and 12, the downward radiation is stronger. The directivity also shows that after removing second parasitic radiator 3, both the total directivity and the circular polarization directivity decrease by 0.5 to 1 dB, indicating that the energy radiated downwards has been partially offset by the upward radiation.

[0142] FIG25 shows the current distribution on the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna 100 in FIG21 during a signal cycle (frequency at 2 GHz), and FIG26 shows the electric field distribution on the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna 100 in FIG21 during a signal cycle (frequency at 2 GHz). The role of the second parasitic radiator 3 is more easily seen in FIG25 and FIG26 . As shown in FIG26 , it can be seen that the downward electric field is enhanced. If the downward electric field is enhanced, the downward radiation will increase, thereby reducing the upward radiation.

[0143] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27 , which is a schematic diagram of an antenna 100 according to a fourth embodiment of the present application, the radiator of the antenna 100 further includes a third parasitic radiator 5, which is located on a side of the first parasitic radiator 2 away from the first gap 7. The third parasitic radiator 5 has a sixth connection point P6 and a seventh connection point P7, with the sixth connection point P6 connected to the reference ground. The tuning device 4 further includes a fourth tuner 44, which is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground.

[0144] By providing the third parasitic radiator 5 and the fourth tuner 44, the fourth tuner 44 can load more matching on the third parasitic radiator 5 to adjust the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5, so that the third parasitic radiator 5 can further regulate the current on the reference ground, thereby suppressing the current on the reference ground flowing along the horizontal direction X to the area outside the radiator (the left end of the third parasitic radiator 5 in Figure 27), thereby better regulating the directivity pattern of the antenna 100 and bringing the directivity pattern of the antenna 100 closer to the optimal position.

[0145] The fourth tuner 44 includes a tuning switch and matching elements; the matching elements include but are not limited to 0 ohm resistors, inductors, capacitors, and the like.

[0146] FIG28 is a first schematic diagram of the tuning device 4 in the antenna 100 shown in FIG27 in a first state. As shown in FIG28 , when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductor element of the first tuner 41 is connected between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground, the capacitor element of the second tuner 42 is connected between the fifth connection point P5 and the reference ground, and the capacitor element of the third tuner 43 is connected between the second connection point P2 and the reference ground. In other words, the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are both grounded via capacitors. Since grounding the capacitors allows for adjustment of the resonant frequency, this arrangement allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3, enabling the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 to better regulate the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground.

[0147] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG28 , when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the capacitive element of the fourth tuner 44 is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground. This configuration can better adjust the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5, thereby enabling the third parasitic radiator 5 to better suppress current flowing from the first edge of the reference ground to the far end.

[0148] In which, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5 can be close to the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1. For example, the resonant frequencies of the two can differ by 100 to 200 MHz. In this way, the third parasitic radiator 5 can better suppress the current flowing along the horizontal X direction on the reference ground to the area outside the radiator.

[0149] It should be noted that because the new resonance of the third parasitic radiator 5 will have a negative impact on radiation efficiency, if it is too close to the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1, the radiation efficiency of the main radiator 1 will be affected. However, in terms of suppressing the current flowing to the reference ground, the closer the resonant frequency is to the main radiator 1, the better the suppression effect. Therefore, considering both radiation efficiency and current suppression, the difference between the two resonant frequencies is generally around 100-200 MHz.

[0150] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG28 , when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductance of the first tuner 41 is 5.6 nH, the capacitance of the second tuner 42 is 1.2 pF, the capacitance of the third tuner 43 is 4.7 pF, and the capacitance of the fourth tuner 44 is 1 pF. However, this is not limiting, and the inductance of the first tuner 41, the capacitance of the second tuner 42, the capacitance of the third tuner 43, and the capacitance of the fourth tuner 44 can also be set to other values ​​according to actual conditions.

[0151] Figure 29 shows the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of antenna 100 in Figure 28 . As can be seen from Figure 29 , the main radiator 1, first parasitic radiator 2, and second parasitic radiator 3 are not clearly distinguishable. Furthermore, the third parasitic radiator 5 is farther away from the main radiator 1 and has weaker coupling, making it difficult to discern the resonant mode from the S-parameter curve in Figure 29 . Next, different configurations can be applied to the third parasitic radiator 5 using the fourth tuner 44 to demonstrate the effect of adjusting the third parasitic radiator 5 to a suitable resonant frequency.

[0152] Figure 30 shows the directional pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna 100 in Figure 28. Figure 31 is a second schematic diagram of the tuning device 4 in the first state of the antenna 100 shown in Figure 27. The difference between the antenna 100 in Figure 31 and the antenna 100 in Figure 28 lies in the different capacitance values ​​of the capacitor element of the fourth tuner 44. The capacitance value of the capacitor element of the fourth tuner 44 in Figure 28 is 1 pF, while the capacitance value of the capacitor element of the fourth tuner 44 in Figure 31 is 0.5 pF. Figure 32 shows the directional pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna 100 in Figure 31. As can be seen from Figure 32, the directional pattern when the 0.5 pF capacitor is applied to the third parasitic radiator 5 is significantly more deflected to the left. As can be seen from Figure 30, the directional pattern when the 1 pF capacitor is applied to the third parasitic radiator 5 is more deflected upward and to the right. This shows that the fourth tuner 44 can adjust the directional pattern of the antenna 100 by applying capacitor elements of different capacitance values ​​to the third parasitic radiator 5.

[0153] Figure 33a is a schematic diagram of an antenna 100 according to a fifth embodiment of the present application, and Figure 33b is a circuit connection diagram of the feed tuner 40 of the antenna 100 in Figure 33a in a first state. The feed tuner 40 includes a first inductor L1, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2. When the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the first electrode of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the feed point P0, and the second electrode of the first capacitor C1 is used to connect to the feed source 400. One end of the first inductor L1 is connected between the feed point P0 and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. The second capacitor C2 is connected between the second electrode and the reference ground. By configuring the first inductor L1, the first capacitor C1, and the second capacitor C2, the impedance matching of the antenna 100 and the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1 can be better adjusted, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0154] Among them, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductance value of the first inductance element L1 is 18nH, the capacitance value of the first capacitance element C1 is 0.75pF, and the capacitance value of the second capacitance element C2 is 1pF; but it is not limited to this, the inductance value of the first inductance element L1, the capacitance value of the first capacitance element C1, and the capacitance value of the second capacitance element C2 can also be set to other values ​​according to actual conditions.

[0155] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 34, Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device 4 of antenna 100 in Figure 33a in a second state. Tuning device 4 has a second state. When tuning device 4 is in the second state, the resonant frequency of first parasitic radiator 2 is greater than the resonant frequency of main radiator 1, and the resonant frequency of second parasitic radiator 3 is less than the resonant frequency of main radiator 1. By adjusting the resonant frequency of first parasitic radiator 2 to a frequency lower than the resonant frequency of main radiator 1, antenna efficiency can be improved. In this case, third parasitic radiator 5 and second parasitic radiator 3 are used to control the current on the reference ground and the directional pattern.

[0156] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG34 , when the tuning device 4 is in the second state, the inductor and capacitor of the third tuner 43 are connected in parallel between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground. The first tuner 41 is in an open-circuit state, and the capacitor of the second tuner 42 is connected between the fifth connection point P5 and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequencies of the first and second parasitic radiators 2 and 3, thereby improving the antenna efficiency of the first parasitic radiator 2 and enabling the second parasitic radiator 3 to better control the magnitude and distribution of the current on the reference ground.

[0157] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG34 , when the tuning device 4 is in the second state, the capacitive element of the fourth tuner 44 is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground. This configuration can better adjust the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5, thereby enabling the third parasitic radiator 5 to better suppress current flowing from the reference ground in the horizontal direction X to outside the region where the radiator is located.

[0158] 34 , when the tuning device 4 is in the second state, the capacitance value of the capacitor element of the third tuner 43 is 1 pF, the inductance value of the inductor element of the third tuner 43 is 5.6 nH, the capacitance value of the capacitor element of the second tuner 42 is 1.2 pF, and the capacitance value of the capacitor element of the fourth tuner 44 is 0.4 pF.

[0159] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG35 , FIG35 is a circuit connection diagram of the feed tuner 40 of the antenna 100 in FIG34 in a second state. The feed tuner 40 includes a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, and a third capacitor C3. The third inductor L3 and the third capacitor C3 are connected in series, and the third capacitor C3 is located between the feed point P0 and the third inductor L3. The third inductor L3 is used to connect to the feed source 400. One end of the second inductor L2 is connected between the feed point P0 and the third capacitor C3, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. By configuring the second inductor L2, the third inductor L3, and the third capacitor C3, the impedance matching of the antenna 100 and the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1 can be better adjusted, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0160] Among them, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductance value of the second inductance element L2 is 27nH, the capacitance value of the third capacitance element C3 is 0.5pF, and the inductance value of the third inductance element L3 is 1.5nH; but it is not limited to this, the inductance value of the second inductance element L2, the capacitance value of the third capacitance element C3, and the inductance value of the third inductance element L3 can also be set to other values ​​according to actual conditions.

[0161] Figure 36 shows the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of antenna 100 in Figure 34, and Figure 37 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of antenna 100 in Figure 34. The S-parameter curve in Figure 36 shows that the resonance near 2 GHz is the resonant mode of main radiator 1, the resonance near 2.1 GHz is the resonant mode of first parasitic radiator 2, and the resonant mode of second parasitic radiator 3 is less pronounced near 1.8 GHz. Figure 37 also shows that when held with both hands, the radiation pattern of antenna 100 remains generally upward, achieving good results.

[0162] The above embodiment controls the directional pattern of the antenna 100 for a satellite communication scenario. The following specifically describes the directional pattern control of the antenna 100 for a WIFI communication scenario. The directional pattern control for the WIFI communication scenario is to reduce the directivity coefficient and control the directional pattern to be more uniform, rather than concentrating the directional pattern more in a certain direction.

[0163] Figure 38 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 100 according to a sixth embodiment of the present application, and Figure 39 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device 4 of the antenna 100 in Figure 38 in a third state. As shown in Figures 38 and 39, the tuning device 4 has a third state. When the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner 42 is connected between the fifth connection point P5 and the connector, the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 is lower than the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1, and the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5 is higher than the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1.

[0164] By setting the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 lower than that of the main radiator 1, the third parasitic radiator 5 can suppress the current in the horizontal direction X along the reference ground, thereby regulating the radiation pattern and achieving a uniform radiation pattern. By setting the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5 higher than that of the main radiator 1, the antenna efficiency can be improved.

[0165] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG39 , when the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the inductor of the first tuner 41 is connected between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground, the 0-ohm resistor of the third tuner 43 is connected between the second connection point P2 and the reference ground, and the inductor of the fourth tuner 44 is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground. This arrangement allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequencies of the first and third parasitic radiators 2 and 5, thereby facilitating better suppression of current flowing along the horizontal direction X on the reference ground outside the region where the radiator resides (current flowing to the right in the figure), and improving antenna efficiency.

[0166] As shown in FIG39 , when the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the inductance value of the inductance element of the first tuner 41 is 1.2 nH, and the inductance value of the inductance element of the fourth tuner 44 is 10 nH; but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the inductance values ​​of the inductance element of the first tuner 41 and the inductance element of the fourth tuner 44 can also be set to other values ​​according to actual conditions.

[0167] In some embodiments, the tuning device 4 further includes a feed tuner 40, which includes a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, and a third capacitor C3. The third inductor L3 and the third capacitor C3 are connected in series, and the third capacitor C3 is located between the feed point P0 and the third inductor L3. The third inductor L3 is used to connect to the feed source 400. One end of the second inductor L2 is connected between the feed point P0 and the third capacitor C3, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. For details, refer to the feed tuner 40 in Figure 35.

[0168] Among them, when the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the inductance value of the second inductance element L2 is 39nH, the capacitance value of the third capacitance element C3 is 0.3pF, and the inductance value of the third inductance element L3 is 16nH; but it is not limited to this, the inductance value of the second inductance element L2, the capacitance value of the third capacitance element C3, and the inductance value of the third inductance element L3 can also be set to other values ​​according to actual conditions.

[0169] Figure 40 shows the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of antenna 100 in Figure 39, and Figure 41 shows the directivity pattern and directivity coefficient of antenna 100 in Figure 39. Figure 40 shows that the resonant frequency of main radiator 1 is around 2.45 GHz, the resonant frequency of first parasitic radiator 2 is around 2.3 GHz, and the resonant frequency of third parasitic radiator 5 is around 2.7 GHz. Second parasitic radiator 3 is effectively short-circuited due to its 0 ohm ground connection. Figure 41 shows that the directivity pattern, which was partially concentrated to the right, is now concentrated to the left, achieving a relatively uniform pattern. The overall in-band directivity coefficient is less than 3.79 dBi.

[0170] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG42 , which is a schematic diagram of an antenna 100 according to a seventh embodiment of the present application, the radiator of the antenna 100 further includes a fourth parasitic radiator 6, which is connected to the third parasitic radiator 5 and is at least partially located on a side of the third parasitic radiator 5 away from the first parasitic radiator 2. The fourth parasitic radiator 6 has an eighth connection point P8, a sixth connection point P6 located between the seventh connection point P7 and the eighth connection point P8, and the seventh connection point P7 located between the sixth connection point P6 and the first parasitic radiator 2. The tuning device 4 further includes a fifth tuner 45, which is connected between the eighth connection point P8 and the reference ground.

[0171] By providing the fourth parasitic radiator 6 and the fifth tuner 45, different configurations are loaded to the second sub-radiating portion through the fifth tuner 45, and the fourth parasitic radiator 6 can further suppress the current on the reference ground, thereby regulating the directional pattern of the antenna 100 and making the directional pattern of the antenna 100 more uniform.

[0172] As shown in Figure 42 , the third parasitic radiator 5 and the fourth parasitic radiator 6 each include horizontal and vertical branches, which are L-shaped overall. The third and fourth parasitic radiators 5 and 6 share the vertical branch. The fifth tuner 45 includes a tuning switch and matching elements, including but not limited to zero-ohm resistors, inductors, capacitors, and the like.

[0173] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG43 , FIG43 illustrates a configuration diagram of the fourth parasitic radiator 6 of antenna 100 in FIG42 loaded when tuning device 4 is in the third state. When tuning device 4 is in the third state, the capacitive element of fifth tuner 45 is connected between eighth connection point P8 and the reference ground. This configuration allows the fourth parasitic radiator 6 to be grounded via the capacitor, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency of the fourth parasitic radiator 6. This allows the fourth parasitic radiator 6 to further suppress current flowing on the reference ground, thereby regulating the directional pattern of antenna 100 and making it more uniform.

[0174] 43 and 44 , FIG44 is a directional diagram of the antenna 100 in FIG43 . When the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the capacitance value of the capacitor element of the fifth tuner 45 is 0.6 pF. In this way, the resonant frequency of the fourth parasitic radiator 6 can be adjusted to near the WIFI frequency band (2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz), so as to further reduce the directivity coefficient of the antenna 100 to 3.64 dBi.

[0175] FIG45 is a schematic diagram of tuning device 4 of antenna 100 in FIG38 in a first state. As shown in FIG45 , when tuning device 4 is in the first state, the capacitive element of second tuner 42 is connected between fifth connection point P5 and the connector, the 0-ohm resistor of third tuner 43 is connected between second connection point P2 and the reference ground, the inductive element of first tuner 41 is connected between third connection point P3 and the reference ground, the inductive element of fourth tuner 44 is connected between seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground, and the capacitive element of fifth tuner 45 is connected between eighth connection point P8 and the reference ground.

[0176] As shown in FIG45 , when the tuner 4 is in the first state, the capacitance of the second tuner 42 is 0.5 pF, the inductance of the first tuner 41 is 1.3 nH, the inductance of the fourth tuner 44 is 10 nH, and the capacitance of the fifth tuner 45 is 0.6 pF. However, this is not limiting; the capacitance of the second tuner 42, the inductance of the first tuner 41, the inductance of the fourth tuner 44, and the capacitance of the fifth tuner 45 may also be set to other values ​​based on actual conditions.

[0177] Figure 46 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of antenna 100 shown in Figure 45. As can be seen from Figure 46, due to the resonance of the newly introduced second parasitic radiator 3, part of the radiation energy in the lower left corner is deflected upward, making the radiation pattern more evenly distributed and the directivity coefficient further reduced to 3.35 dBi.

[0178] FIG47 is a schematic diagram of tuning device 4 of antenna 100 in FIG38 in a fourth state. As shown in FIG47 , tuning device 4 has a fourth state. When tuning device 4 is in the fourth state, the 0-ohm resistor of second tuner 42 is connected between fifth connection point P5 and the connector, and the resonant frequency of first parasitic radiator 2 is greater than the resonant frequency of main radiator 1.

[0179] By adjusting the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 to a frequency lower than that of the main radiator 1, the antenna efficiency can be improved. In this case, the third parasitic radiator 5 is used to control the current on the reference ground and the directional pattern.

[0180] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG47 , when the tuning device 4 is in the fourth state, the inductor element of the first tuner 41 is connected between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground, and the inductor element of the third tuner 43 is connected between the second connection point P2 and the reference ground. In this state, the first parasitic radiator 2 is equivalent to a differential mode structure with two relatively open ends. This configuration can better adjust the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2, thereby improving the antenna efficiency of the first parasitic radiator 2.

[0181] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG47 , when the tuning device 4 is in the fourth state, the inductor element of the fourth tuner 44 is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground, and the capacitor element of the fifth tuner 45 is connected between the eighth connection point P8 and the reference ground.

[0182] As shown in FIG47 , the inductance of the first tuner 41 and the inductance of the third tuner 43 are both 5.1 nH, the inductance of the fourth tuner 44 is 10 nH, and the capacitance of the fifth tuner 45 is 0.6 pF.

[0183] Figure 48 shows the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of antenna 100 in Figure 47, and Figure 49 shows the directivity pattern and directivity coefficient of antenna 100 in Figure 47. The S-parameter curve in Figure 48 shows that the resonant frequency of first parasitic radiator 2 is around 2.5 GHz. Compared to the efficiency curve in Figure 40, the efficiency has increased by approximately 1 dB. Figure 49 shows that the overall directivity coefficient of antenna 100 is around 3.7 dBi, with relatively strong energy radiated to the right.

[0184] Although the description of this application will be introduced in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the application in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of this application. In order to provide a deep understanding of this application, the above description will contain many specific details. This application can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or blurring the focus of this application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0185] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and "fifth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first," "second," "third," "fourth," or "fifth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0186] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0187] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc., are only reference to the directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of the present application, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. "Multiple" means at least two.

[0188] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in yet other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0189] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, It includes a main radiator (1), a first parasitic radiator (2), a second parasitic radiator (3), and a tuning device (4); The main radiator (1) is disposed between the first parasitic radiator (2) and the second parasitic radiator (3). There is a first gap (7) between the first parasitic radiator (2) and the main radiator (1). The main radiator (1) has a feeding point (P0) and a first connection point (P1). The feeding point (P0) is used to connect to a feed source (400), and the first connection point (P1) is connected to a reference ground; The first parasitic radiator (2) has a second connection point (P2) and a third connection point (P3). The second connection point (P2) is connected to the reference ground; The second parasitic radiator (3) has a fourth connection point (P4) and a fifth connection point (P5). The fourth connection point (P4) is connected to the reference ground; The tuning device (4) includes a first tuner (41) and a second tuner (42). The first tuner (41) is connected between the third connection point (P3) and the reference ground. The second tuner (42) is connected between the fifth connection point (P5) and the reference ground.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The tuning device (4) has a first state. When the tuning device (4) is in the first state, the resonant frequencies of both the first parasitic radiator (2) and the second parasitic radiator (3) are less than the resonant frequency of the main radiator (1).

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein The tuning device (4) further includes a third tuner (43). The third tuner (43) is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground; When the tuning device (4) is in the first state, the inductive element of the first tuner (41) is connected between the third connection point (P3) and the reference ground, and the capacitive element of the second tuner (42) is connected between the fifth connection point (P5) and the reference ground; The capacitive element or 0-ohm resistor of the third tuner (43) is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground.

4. The antenna according to claim 2 or 3, wherein The tuning device (4) further includes a feeder tuner (40); The feeder tuner (40) includes a first inductive element (L1) and a first capacitive element (C1). The first electrode of the first capacitive element (C1) is connected to the feeding point (P0), and the second electrode of the first capacitive element (C1) is used to connect to the feed source (400); One end of the first inductive element (L1) is connected between the feeding point (P0) and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to the reference ground; Alternatively, the feeder tuner (40) includes a first inductive element (L1), a first capacitive element (C1), and a second capacitive element (C2). A first electrode of the first capacitive element (C1) is connected to the feeding point (P0), and a second electrode of the first capacitive element (C1) is used to connect to the feed source (400). One end of the first inductive element (L1) is connected between the feeding point (P0) and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. The second capacitive element (C2) is connected between the second electrode and the reference ground.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the antenna further includes a third parasitic radiator (5), and the third parasitic radiator (5) is located on a side of the first parasitic radiator (2) away from the first gap (7). The third parasitic radiator (5) has a sixth connection point (P6) and a seventh connection point (P7), and the sixth connection point (P6) is connected to the reference ground. The tuning device (4) further includes a fourth tuner (44), and the fourth tuner (44) is connected between the seventh connection point (P7) and the reference ground.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, wherein the tuning device (4) has a second state. When the tuning device (4) is in the second state, the resonance frequency of the first parasitic radiator (2) is greater than the resonance frequency of the main radiator (1), and the resonance frequency of the second parasitic radiator (3) is less than the resonance frequency of the main radiator (1).

7. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein the tuning device (4) includes a third tuner (43), and the third tuner (43) is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground. When the tuning device (4) is in the second state, the inductive element and the capacitive element of the third tuner (43) are connected in parallel and connected between the third connection point (P3) and the reference ground. The first tuner (41) is in an open state, and the capacitive element of the second tuner (42) is connected between the fifth connection point (P5) and the reference ground. The capacitive element of the fourth tuner (44) is connected between the seventh connection point (P7) and the reference ground.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the tuning device (4) has a third state. When the tuning device (4) is in the third state, a 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner (42) is connected between the fifth connection point (P5) and the reference ground. The resonance frequency of the first parasitic radiator (2) is less than the resonance frequency of the main radiator (1), and the resonance frequency of the third parasitic radiator (5) is greater than the resonance frequency of the main radiator (1).

9. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein The tuning device (4) includes a third tuner (43), and the third tuner (43) is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground; when the tuning device (4) is in the third state, the inductive element of the first tuner (41) is connected between the third connection point (P3) and the reference ground, and the 0-ohm resistor of the third tuner (43) is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground; the inductive element of the fourth tuner (44) is connected between the seventh connection point (P7) and the reference ground.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that The tuning device (4) has a fourth state. When the tuning device (4) is in the fourth state, the 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner (42) is connected between the fifth connection point (P5) and the connecting member, the resonance frequency of the first parasitic radiator (2) is greater than the resonance frequency of the main radiator (1), and the resonance frequency of the third parasitic radiator (5) is greater than the resonance frequency of the main radiator (1).

11. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that The tuning device (4) includes a third tuner (43), and the third tuner (43) is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground; when the tuning device (4) is in the fourth state, the inductive element of the first tuner (41) is connected between the third connection point (P3) and the reference ground, and the inductive element of the third tuner (43) is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that The antenna further includes a fourth parasitic radiator (6), the fourth parasitic radiator (6) is connected to the third parasitic radiator (5), the fourth parasitic radiator (6) has an eighth connection point (P8), the sixth connection point (P6) is located between the seventh connection point (P7) and the eighth connection point (P8), and the seventh connection point (P7) is located between the sixth connection point (P6) and the first parasitic radiator (2); the tuning device (4) further includes a fifth tuner (45), and the fifth tuner (45) is connected between the eighth connection point (P8) and the reference ground.

13. The antenna according to any one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that The tuning device (4) further includes a feeder tuner (40). The feeder tuner (40) includes a second inductance element (L2), a third inductance element (L3), and a third capacitance element (C3). The third inductance element (L3) and the third capacitance element (C3) are connected in series, and the third capacitance element (C3) is located between the feeding point (P0) and the third inductance element (L3). The third inductance element (L3) is used to connect the feed source (400). One end of the second inductance element (L2) is connected between the feeding point (P0) and the third capacitance element (C3), and the other end is connected to the reference ground.

14. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the main radiator (1) is connected to the second parasitic radiator (3), and the main radiator (1) and the second parasitic radiator (3) are integrally L-shaped.

15. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the second connection point (P2) is arranged at an end of the first parasitic radiator (2) close to the first gap (7), and the third connection point (P3) is arranged at an end of the first parasitic radiator (2) far from the first gap (7); and / or, the fifth connection point (P5) is arranged at an end of the second parasitic radiator (3) far from the main radiator (1).

16. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a housing (300) and the antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 15; the housing (300) includes a bottom wall (330) and a side wall (340) arranged at the edge of the bottom wall (330). The bottom wall (330) is configured as the reference ground of the antenna (100), and the radiator of the antenna (100) is located on the side wall.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that the housing (300) includes a first housing (310) and a second housing (320). The first housing (310) and the second housing (320) can be switched between a folded state and an unfolded state. Both the first housing (310) and the second housing (320) include the bottom wall (330) and the side wall (340); the number of the antennas (100) is two. The two antennas (100) are a WIFI antenna and a satellite antenna respectively. At least part of the WIFI antenna is located at a corner of the top of the first housing (310), and at least part of the satellite antenna is located at a corner of the top of the second housing (320).

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