Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, and provides an antenna and an electronic device, which can solve the problem in the prior art that antennas cannot satisfy communication requirements of different communication functions. The antenna comprises a primary radiator, a first parasitic radiator, a second parasitic radiator and a tuning apparatus; the primary radiator is arranged between the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator, there being a first gap between the first parasitic radiator and the primary radiator, and the primary radiator having a feeding point and a first connecting point; the first parasitic radiator has a second connecting point and a third connecting point, the second connecting point being connected to a ground plane; the second parasitic radiator has a fourth connecting point and a fifth connecting point, the fourth connecting point being connected to the ground plane; the tuning apparatus comprises a first tuner and a second tuner, the first tuner being connected between the third connecting point and the ground plane, and the second tuner being connected between the fifth connecting point and the ground plane. The present application can be applied to electronic devices such as foldable mobile phones and tablet computers.

Description

Antennas and electronic equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on December 28, 2023, with application number 202311855964.X and entitled "Antenna and Electronic Equipment", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] In the technical field

[0003] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0004] With the rapid development of communication technology, electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets have increasingly more communication functions, including cellular network communication, Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) communication, and satellite communication. Since different communication functions have different characteristics, the design of antennas for electronic devices needs to meet different requirements to achieve the best user experience. For example, for satellite communication, electronic devices need to communicate with satellites overhead, so the antenna's radiation pattern must be strongest towards the zenith, with a wide beamwidth to achieve higher gain and a better communication experience. Similarly, for Wi-Fi communication, users are typically distributed in different locations indoors, so the Wi-Fi antenna's radiation pattern must be designed to radiate evenly in all directions, with a low directivity coefficient, to provide a better communication experience for users in different locations. Therefore, designing antennas for electronic devices to meet the requirements of different communication functions has become an important issue in the industry.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of this application provide an antenna and an electronic device to solve the problem that antennas of electronic devices in related technologies cannot meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna, including a radiator and a tuning device. The radiator includes a main radiator, a first parasitic radiator, and a second parasitic radiator. The main radiator is disposed between the first and second parasitic radiators, with a first gap between the first and main radiators. The main radiator has a feed point and a first connection point, the feed point being used to connect to a feed source, and the first connection point being connected to a reference ground. The first parasitic radiator has a second and a third connection point, the second connection point being connected to the reference ground. The second parasitic radiator has a fourth and a fifth connection point, the fourth connection point being connected to the reference ground. The tuning device includes a first tuner and a second tuner, the first tuner being connected between the third connection point and the reference ground, and the second tuner being connected between the fifth connection point and the reference ground.

[0009] In the antenna of this application embodiment, a first parasitic radiator and a second parasitic radiator are arranged on both sides of the main radiator. The first parasitic radiator is connected to a first tuner, and the second parasitic radiator is connected to a second tuner. In this way, according to the characteristics of different communication functions, the tuning device can load different configurations on the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator, so that at least one of the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator can play a role in regulating the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground, thereby realizing the regulation of the antenna's radiation pattern, which in turn helps to improve the user experience.

[0010] In some embodiments, the tuning device further includes a third tuner connected between the second connection point and the reference ground. This configuration allows for a greater matching load on the first parasitic radiator to adjust its resonant frequency.

[0011] In some embodiments, the tuning device has a first state, in which the resonant frequencies of the first parasitic radiator and the second parasitic radiator are both lower than the resonant frequency of the main radiator. With this configuration, both the first and second parasitic radiators can regulate the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground, thereby better controlling the antenna's radiation pattern.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the first state, the inductive element of the first tuner is connected between the third connection point and the reference ground, the capacitive element of the second tuner is connected between the fifth connection point and the reference ground, and the capacitive element or 0-ohm resistor of the third tuner is connected between the second connection point and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequencies of the first and second parasitic radiators.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tuning device further includes a feed tuner, which includes a first inductor and a first capacitor. A first electrode of the first capacitor is connected to a feed point, and a second electrode of the first capacitor is used to connect to the feed source. One end of the first inductor is connected between the feed point and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to a reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the antenna's impedance matching and the resonant frequency of the main radiator.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tuning device further includes a feed tuner, which includes a first inductor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. A first electrode of the first capacitor is connected to a feed point, and a second electrode of the first capacitor is used to connect to a feed source. One end of the first inductor is connected between the feed point and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to a reference ground. The second capacitor is connected between the second electrode and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the antenna's impedance matching and the resonant frequency of the main radiator.

[0015] In some embodiments, the radiator further includes a third parasitic radiator located on the side of the first parasitic radiator away from the first gap; the third parasitic radiator has a sixth connection point and a seventh connection point, the sixth connection point being connected to a reference ground; the tuning device further includes a fourth tuner connected between the seventh connection point and the reference ground. With this configuration, the third parasitic radiator can further regulate the current on the reference ground, thereby better controlling the antenna's radiation pattern.

[0016] In some embodiments, the tuning device has a second state, in which the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator, and the resonant frequency of the second parasitic radiator is less than the resonant frequency of the main radiator. This configuration can improve antenna efficiency.

[0017] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the second state, the inductor and capacitor of the third tuner are connected in parallel and between the third connection point and the reference ground; the first tuner is in an open-circuit state; the capacitor of the second tuner is connected between the fifth connection point and the reference ground; and the capacitor of the fourth tuner is connected between the seventh connection point and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequencies of the first and second parasitic radiators, thereby improving the antenna efficiency of the first parasitic radiator.

[0018] In some embodiments, the tuning device has a third state. When the tuning device is in the third state, the 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner is connected between the fifth connection point and the connector. The resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator is lower than the resonant frequency of the main radiator, and the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator is higher than the resonant frequency of the main radiator. This configuration can regulate the radiation pattern and improve antenna efficiency.

[0019] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the third state, the inductor of the first tuner is connected between the third connection point and the reference ground, the 0-ohm resistor of the third tuner is connected between the second connection point and the reference ground, and the inductor of the fourth tuner is connected between the seventh connection point and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequencies of the first and third parasitic radiators, thereby facilitating better suppression of current on the reference ground and improving antenna efficiency.

[0020] In some embodiments, the tuning device has a fourth state. When the tuning device is in the fourth state, the 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner is connected between the fifth connection point and the connector. The resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator, and the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator. This configuration can improve antenna efficiency. In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the fourth state, the inductor of the first tuner is connected between the third connection point and the reference ground, and the inductor of the third tuner is connected between the second connection point and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator, which is beneficial for improving antenna efficiency.

[0021] In some embodiments, the radiator further includes a fourth parasitic radiator connected to the third parasitic radiator, and the fourth parasitic radiator is at least partially located on the side of the third parasitic radiator away from the first parasitic radiator. The fourth parasitic radiator has an eighth connection point, a sixth connection point located between the seventh and eighth connection points, and a seventh connection point located between the sixth connection point and the first parasitic radiator. The tuning device further includes a fifth tuner connected between the eighth connection point and a reference ground. With this configuration, the fourth parasitic radiator can further suppress the current on the reference ground, thereby modulating the antenna's radiation pattern and making the antenna's radiation pattern more uniform.

[0022] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the second state, the capacitor element of the fifth tuner is connected between the eighth connection point and the reference ground. This configuration allows adjustment of the resonant frequency of the fourth parasitic radiator, thereby enabling the fourth parasitic radiator to further suppress the current on the reference ground.

[0023] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the third state, the capacitor element of the fifth tuner is connected between the eighth connection point and the reference ground. This configuration allows adjustment of the resonant frequency of the fourth parasitic radiator, thereby enabling the fourth parasitic radiator to further suppress the current on the reference ground.

[0024] In some embodiments, when the tuning device is in the fourth state, the capacitor element of the fifth tuner is connected between the eighth connection point and the reference ground. This configuration allows adjustment of the resonant frequency of the fourth parasitic radiator, thereby enabling the fourth parasitic radiator to further suppress the current on the reference ground.

[0025] In some embodiments, the tuning device further includes a feed tuner, which includes a second inductor, a third inductor, and a third capacitor. The third inductor and the third capacitor are connected in series, and the third capacitor is located between the feed point and the third inductor. The third inductor is used to connect to the feed source. One end of the second inductor is connected between the feed point and the third capacitor, and the other end is connected to a reference ground.

[0026] In some embodiments, the main radiator and the second parasitic radiator are connected, and the main radiator and the second parasitic radiator are in an L-shape. This arrangement allows for better current regulation of the reference ground by the first and second parasitic radiators.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first connection point and the fourth connection point are the same connection point, and the first connection point is located at a corner. This arrangement simplifies the antenna structure.

[0028] In some embodiments, the second connection point is located at the end of the first parasitic radiator near the first gap, and the third connection point is located at the end of the first parasitic radiator away from the first gap. This arrangement allows for a wider tuning range for the first tuner.

[0029] In some embodiments, the fifth connection point is located at the end of the second parasitic radiator furthest from the main radiator. This arrangement allows for a wider tuning range for the second tuner.

[0030] In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a housing and the antenna mentioned in the first aspect; the housing includes a bottom wall and a side wall disposed at the edge of the bottom wall, the bottom wall being configured as a reference ground for the antenna, and the radiator of the antenna being located on the side wall.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the electronic device in this embodiment are the same as those of the antenna in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0032] In some embodiments, the housing includes a first housing and a second housing, which can switch between a folded state and an unfolded state. Both the first housing and the second housing include a bottom wall and side walls. There are two antennas: a Wi-Fi antenna and a satellite antenna. The Wi-Fi antenna is at least partially located at the top corner of the first housing, and the satellite antenna is at least partially located at the top corner of the second housing. This arrangement prevents the antennas from being covered by hands, thereby ensuring the communication quality of the antennas. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 is a simulation diagram of an antenna of an electronic device in the related technology;

[0034] Figure 2 shows the radiation pattern of the satellite antenna of the electronic device in Figure 1 when it is held with both hands.

[0035] Figure 3 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the WIFI antenna of the terminal device in Figure 1;

[0036] Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in some embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 4b is a top view of the housing of the electronic device shown in Figure 4a;

[0038] Figure 5a is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in some other embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 5b is a top view of the housing of the electronic device shown in Figure 5a;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the first embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the second embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 8a is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the third embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 8b is the circuit connection diagram of the feeder tuner in Figure 8a in the first state;

[0044] Figure 9 is a simulation model diagram of the antenna in the third embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 10a shows the S-parameter curve of the antenna in the third embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 10b shows the efficiency curve of the antenna in the third embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 11 shows the radiation pattern and total directivity coefficient (Dir Total = 3.88 dBi) of the antenna under online polarization in the third embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 12 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient (Dir LHCP = 1.57 dBi) of the antenna in the third embodiment of this application under left-hand circular polarization;

[0049] Figure 13 shows the current distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna in the third embodiment of this application during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz) cycle;

[0050] Figure 14 shows the electric field distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna in the third embodiment of this application during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz) cycle;

[0051] Figure 15 is a second simulation model diagram of the antenna in the third embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 16a shows the S-parameter curves of the antenna in Figure 15;

[0053] Figure 16b shows the efficiency curve of the antenna in Figure 15;

[0054] Figure 17 shows the radiation pattern and total directivity (Dir Total = 4.84 dBi) of the antenna in Figure 15 under linear polarization.

[0055] Figure 18 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient (Dir LHCP = 2.1 dBi) of the antenna in Figure 15 under left-hand circular polarization;

[0056] Figure 19 shows the current distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna in Figure 15 during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz) period;

[0057] Figure 20 shows the electric field distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna in Figure 15 during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz);

[0058] Figure 21 is a third simulation model diagram of the antenna in the third embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 22a shows the S-parameter curves of the antenna in Figure 21;

[0060] Figure 22b shows the efficiency curve of the antenna in Figure 21;

[0061] Figure 23 shows the radiation pattern and total directivity (Dir Total = 2.79 dBi) of the antenna in Figure 21 under linear polarization;

[0062] Figure 24 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient (Dir LHCP = 1.05 dBi) of the antenna in Figure 21 under left-hand circular polarization;

[0063] Figure 25 shows the current distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna in Figure 21 during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz) period;

[0064] Figure 26 shows the electric field distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna in Figure 21 during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz);

[0065] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the antenna in the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device in the antenna shown in Figure 27 in the first state;

[0067] Figure 29 shows the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the antenna in Figure 28;

[0068] Figure 30 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in Figure 28;

[0069] Figure 31 is a second schematic diagram of the tuning device in the antenna shown in Figure 27 in the first state;

[0070] Figure 32 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in Figure 31;

[0071] Figure 33a is a schematic diagram of the antenna in the fifth embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 33b is the circuit connection diagram of the feed tuner of the antenna in Figure 33a in the first state.

[0073] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device of the antenna in Figure 33a in the second state;

[0074] Figure 35 is a circuit connection diagram of the feed tuner of the antenna in Figure 34 in the second state;

[0075] Figure 36 shows the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the antenna in Figure 34;

[0076] Figure 37 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in Figure 34;

[0077] Figure 38 is a schematic diagram of the antenna in the sixth embodiment of this application;

[0078] Figure 39 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device of the antenna in Figure 38 in the third state;

[0079] Figure 40 shows the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the antenna in Figure 39;

[0080] Figure 41 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in Figure 39;

[0081] Figure 42 is a schematic diagram of the antenna in the seventh embodiment of this application;

[0082] Figure 43 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the fourth parasitic radiator of the antenna in Figure 42 when the tuning device is in the third state.

[0083] Figure 44 shows the radiation pattern of the antenna in Figure 43;

[0084] Figure 45 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device of the antenna in Figure 38 in the first state;

[0085] Figure 46 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna shown in Figure 45;

[0086] Figure 47 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device of the antenna in Figure 38 in the fourth state;

[0087] Figure 48 shows the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the antenna in Figure 47;

[0088] Figure 49 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna in Figure 47. Detailed Implementation

[0089] The technical solutions in some embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0090] Figure 1 is a simulation diagram of an antenna of an electronic device in the related art. As shown in Figure 1, the electronic device is a foldable mobile phone, and Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the electronic device in its unfolded state. The electronic device includes a housing 01 and an antenna 02. The housing 01 includes a first housing 011 and a second housing 012. The first housing 011 and the second housing 012 can switch between an unfolded state (shown in Figure 1) and a folded state. Both the first housing 011 and the second housing 012 include a bottom wall 013 and a side wall 014 disposed at the edge of the bottom wall 013.

[0091] Multiple slots are provided on the side wall 014 of the housing, and the radiator 021 of the antenna 02 is formed between two adjacent slots. The bottom wall 013 of the housing is configured as the reference ground of the antenna 02. The radiator 021 has a feed point and a ground point. There are multiple antennas 02, two of which are a WIFI antenna and a satellite antenna. The radiator 021 of the WIFI antenna is located at the upper left corner of the first housing 011 in Figure 1, and the radiator 021 of the satellite antenna is located at the upper right corner of the second housing 012 in Figure 1. The radiators 021 of the other antennas 02 are shorted to ground with 0 ohms in the simulation diagram.

[0092] Figure 2 shows the radiation pattern of the satellite antenna of the electronic device in Figure 1 when it is held with both hands. As can be seen from Figure 2, the radiation pattern of the satellite antenna does not radiate towards the top, but towards the left (the darker area in the figure is the area with the strongest radiation).

[0093] Figure 3 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the WIFI antenna of the terminal device in Figure 1. As can be seen from Figure 3, the radiation pattern of the WIFI antenna is oriented to the right and is not a uniform radiation pattern. Furthermore, the directivity coefficient is greater than 4.2 dBi.

[0094] It is evident that the antenna 02 in the relevant technology cannot effectively control the radiation pattern. For example, the orientation of the radiation pattern of satellite antennas and WIFI antennas deviates significantly from the optimal position. This makes it impossible for antenna 02 to meet the communication requirements of different communication functions, thus hindering the improvement of the user experience.

[0095] Therefore, this application provides an antenna and an electronic device. By setting a first parasitic radiator and a second parasitic radiator on both sides of the main radiator of the antenna, and connecting both the first and second parasitic radiators to a tuner, the first and second parasitic radiators can regulate the current on the reference ground of the antenna, thereby achieving regulation of the antenna pattern to avoid the antenna pattern deviating significantly from the optimal position.

[0096] Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in some embodiments of this application, and Figure 4b is a top view of the housing 300 of the electronic device shown in Figure 4a. As shown in Figures 4a and 4b, the electronic device is a foldable mobile phone and includes a display screen 200, a housing 300 and an antenna 100.

[0097] The housing 300 includes a first housing 310 and a second housing 320. A pivot mechanism 500 is provided at the junction of the first housing 310 and the second housing 320. The first housing 310 and the second housing 320 can switch between a folded state and an unfolded state (as shown in Figures 4a and 4b). Both the first housing 310 and the second housing 320 include a bottom wall 330, a side wall 340, and a rear cover 350. The side wall 340 is disposed at the edge of the bottom wall 330 and forms the middle frame of the electronic device together with the bottom wall 330. The display screen 200 and the rear cover 350 are located on opposite sides of the middle frame.

[0098] As shown in Figures 4a and 4b, the radiator of the antenna 100 is disposed on the side wall 340, and the bottom wall 330 is configured as the reference ground (also referred to as the "ground") of the antenna 100.

[0099] In some embodiments, the sidewall 340 includes a metal sidewall 340 and an insulating sidewall 340 located inside the metal sidewall 340. The metal sidewall 340 has a plurality of slits along the circumference of the bottom wall 330, and a radiator of the antenna 100 is formed between two adjacent slits. The radiator of the antenna 100 is disposed on the insulating sidewall 340. The metal sidewall 340 can be made of aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, etc. The insulating frame can be made of plastic, such as PPS (Polyphenylene sulfide), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PPSU (Polyphenylene sulfone resins), PEEK (polyether-ether-ketone), etc.

[0100] In some embodiments, the metal sidewall and the bottom wall 330 of the housing 300 can be an integral structure. However, it is not limited to this; the metal sidewall 340 and the bottom wall 330 of the housing 300 can also be separate structures.

[0101] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG4b, there are two antennas 100, namely a WIFI antenna and a satellite antenna. The WIFI antenna is at least partially located at the top corner of the first housing 310, and the satellite antenna is at least partially located at the top corner of the second housing 320. This arrangement prevents the antennas 100 from being covered when the user holds the electronic device with both hands or one hand, thereby ensuring the communication quality of the antennas 100.

[0102] Of course, besides being located at the corner of the top of the first housing 310, the WIFI antenna can also be located at other positions on the top of the first housing 310, or on the side of the first housing 310; no specific limitation is made here. Similarly, besides being located at the corner of the top of the second housing 320, the satellite antenna can also be located at other positions on the top of the second housing 320; no specific limitation is made here. The satellite antenna includes, but is not limited to, GPS antennas and satellite communication antennas.

[0103] In addition to foldable mobile phones, the electronic devices in this application embodiment can also be tablet computers, as shown in Figures 5a and 5b. Figure 5a is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device in some other embodiments of this application, and Figure 5b is a top view of the housing 300 of the electronic device shown in Figure 5a. The housing 300 includes a bottom wall 330, a side wall 340, and a back cover 350. The side wall 340 is disposed at the edge of the bottom wall 330 and forms the middle frame of the electronic device together with the bottom wall 330. The display screen 200 and the back cover 350 are respectively located on opposite sides of the middle frame. The back cover 350 and the middle frame form an accommodating space, which is used to accommodate components such as the motherboard and battery.

[0104] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5b, there are two antennas 100, namely a WIFI antenna and a satellite antenna. The WIFI antenna is at least partially located at one corner of the top of the housing 300, and the satellite antenna is at least partially located at another corner of the top of the housing 300. This arrangement prevents the radiators of the antennas 100 from being blocked when the user holds the electronic device with both hands or one hand, thereby ensuring the communication quality of the antennas 100. Besides being located at the corner of the top of the housing 300, the WIFI antenna and the satellite antenna can also be located at other positions on the top of the housing 300, and the WIFI antenna can also be located on the side of the housing 300.

[0105] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the antenna 100 in the first embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6, the antenna 100 includes a radiator and a tuning device 4. The radiator includes a main radiator 1, a first parasitic radiator 2, and a second parasitic radiator 3. The main radiator 1 is disposed between the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3. There is a first gap 7 between the first parasitic radiator 2 and the main radiator 1. The main radiator 1 has a feed point P0 and a first connection point P1. The feed point P0 is used to connect with the feed source 400, and the first connection point P1 is connected to the reference ground. The first parasitic radiator 2 has a second connection point P2 and a third connection point P3. The second connection point P2 is connected to the reference ground. The second parasitic radiator 3 has a fourth connection point P4 and a fifth connection point P5. The fourth connection point P4 is connected to the reference ground.

[0106] The tuning device 4 includes a first tuner 41 and a second tuner 42. The first tuner 41 is connected between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground, and the second tuner 42 is connected between the fifth connection point P5 and the reference ground. Both the first tuner 41 and the second tuner 42 include a tuning switch and a matching element; the matching element includes, but is not limited to, a 0-ohm resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor.

[0107] By setting a first parasitic radiator 2 and a second parasitic radiator 3 on both sides of the main radiator 1, with the first parasitic radiator 2 connected to the first tuner 41 and the second parasitic radiator 3 connected to the second tuner 42, the tuning device 4 can load different configurations on the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 according to the characteristics of different communication functions (such as satellite communication and WIFI communication). This allows at least one of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 to play a role in regulating the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground, thereby realizing the regulation of the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 and thus improving the user experience.

[0108] The following example uses a satellite antenna to illustrate the control of the radiation pattern in a satellite communication scenario. The control of the radiation pattern in a satellite communication scenario is to adjust the radiation pattern to the optimal position facing the zenith.

[0109] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, which is a structural schematic diagram of the antenna 100 in the second embodiment of this application, the tuning device 4 further includes a third tuner 43, which is connected between the second connection point P2 and the reference ground. By setting the third tuner 43, more matching can be applied to the first parasitic radiator 2 to adjust the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0110] The third tuner 43 includes a tuning switch and matching elements; the matching elements include, but are not limited to, 0-ohm resistors, inductors, and capacitors.

[0111] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the tuning device 4 has a first state. When the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the resonant frequencies of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are both lower than the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1. With this configuration, both the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 can regulate the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground, thereby suppressing the current flowing from the reference ground to areas outside the radiator's location (i.e., the left end of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the lower end of the second parasitic radiator 3 in FIG7), thus better regulating the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 and making the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 closer to the optimal position.

[0112] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductive element of the first tuner 41 is connected between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground, the capacitive element of the second tuner 42 is connected between the fifth connection point P5 and the reference ground, and the 0-ohm resistor of the third tuner 43 is connected between the second connection point P2 and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequencies of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3, enabling them to better regulate the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground.

[0113] As shown in Figure 7, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductance value of the inductor of the first tuner 41 is 8.2nH and the capacitance value of the capacitor of the second tuner 42 is 1.2pF. However, it is not limited to these values. The inductance value of the inductor of the first tuner 41 and the capacitance value of the capacitor of the second tuner 42 can be set to other values ​​according to the actual situation.

[0114] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the main radiator 1 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are connected, and the main radiator 1 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are generally L-shaped. The main radiator 1 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are located at the corner of the housing 300. Both the main radiator 1 and the first parasitic radiator 2 are located at the first edge 331 of the bottom wall 330, which extends laterally along the X direction. The second parasitic radiator 3 is located at the second edge 332 of the bottom wall 330, which extends longitudinally along the Y direction.

[0115] With this configuration, the first parasitic radiator 2 can regulate the magnitude of the current along the horizontal X direction on the reference ground to suppress the current flowing along the horizontal X direction on the reference ground to the area outside the radiator's location (left side in the figure); the second parasitic radiator 3 can regulate the magnitude of the current along the vertical Y direction on the reference ground to suppress the current flowing along the vertical Y direction on the reference ground to the area outside the radiator's location (bottom side in the figure), thereby reducing the current flowing from the reference ground to the area outside the radiator's location; by regulating the current on the reference ground in two directions, the current regulation effect of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 on the reference ground can be improved, thereby making the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 closer to the optimal position.

[0116] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the second parasitic radiator 3 and the main radiator 1 are integrally formed. This configuration eliminates the need for gaps between the second parasitic radiator 3 and the main radiator 1, reducing the number of gaps on the electronic device housing 300 and thus facilitating its fabrication. Furthermore, the integral structure of the second parasitic radiator 3 and the main radiator 1 allows the second parasitic radiator 3 to be closer to the feed point P0 on the main radiator 1, resulting in better current-mode excitation of the second parasitic radiator 3.

[0117] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the first connection point P1 and the fourth connection point P4 are the same connection point, and the first connection point P1 is located at a corner. With this configuration, the main radiator 1 and the second parasitic radiator 3 share a single connection point, thereby reducing the number of connection points on the radiator and simplifying the structure of the antenna 100.

[0118] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the second connection point P2 is located at the end of the first parasitic radiator 2 near the first gap 7, and the third connection point P3 is located at the end of the first parasitic radiator 2 away from the first gap 7. This arrangement ensures that the third connection point P3 connecting the first tuning device 4 is located at the end of the first parasitic radiator 2 away from the feed point P0, thereby allowing for a wider tuning range of the first tuner 41, which helps the antenna 100 better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0119] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the fifth connection point P5 is located at the end of the second parasitic radiator 3 away from the main radiator 1. This arrangement, such that the fifth connection point P5 connecting the second tuning device 4 is located at the end of the second parasitic radiator 3 away from the feed point P0, allows for a wider tuning range of the second tuner 42, which is beneficial for the antenna 100 to better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0120] The ends of the first parasitic radiator 2, the second parasitic radiator 3, and the main radiator 1 can be located at any position on the end face or at a position close to the end face, such as within 3 mm.

[0121] Of course, the second connection point P2, the third connection point P3 and the fifth connection point P5 are not limited to the positions shown in Figures 6 and 7. They can also be set in other positions. For example, the second connection point P2 and the third connection point P3 can be set in the middle of the first parasitic radiator 2 (excluding the two ends), and the fifth connection point P5 can be set in the middle of the second parasitic radiator 3 (excluding the two ends).

[0122] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8a, FIG8a is a structural schematic diagram of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of the present application. The tuning device 4 further includes a feed tuner 40, which is connected to the feed point P0. By setting the feed tuner 40, the feed tuner 40 can adjust the impedance matching of the antenna 100 and the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1 by loading different configurations onto the main radiator 1, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0123] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8b, FIG8b is a circuit connection diagram of the feed tuner 40 in FIG8a in the first state. The feed tuner 40 includes a first inductor element L1 and a first capacitor element C1. When the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the first electrode of the first capacitor element C1 is connected to the feed point P0, and the second electrode of the first capacitor element C1 is used to connect to the feed source 400; one end of the first inductor element L1 is connected between the feed point P0 and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. By setting the first inductor element L1 and the first capacitor element C1, the impedance matching of the antenna 100 and the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1 can be better adjusted, so that the antenna 100 can better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0124] When the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductance value of the first inductor L1 is 9.1nH and the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1 is 1pF. However, it is not limited to these values. The inductance value of the first inductor L1 and the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1 can be set to other values ​​according to the actual situation.

[0125] The technical effects of the tuning device 4 in the first state in the embodiments of this application and the principle of achieving the technical effects will be described in detail below.

[0126] Figure 9 is a simulation model diagram of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9, the main parameters of the simulation model are: the length of the main radiator 1 is 19.5 mm, the length of the first parasitic radiator 2 is 30.5 mm, an 8.2 nH inductor is loaded at the third connection point P3 of the first parasitic radiator 2, a 0 ohm resistor is loaded at the second connection point P2 of the first parasitic radiator 2, the length of the second parasitic radiator 3 is 11 mm, the fourth connection point P4 of the second parasitic radiator 3 is grounded, and a 1.2 pF capacitor is loaded at the fifth connection point P5 of the second parasitic radiator 3.

[0127] Figure 10a shows the S-parameter curve of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of this application, and Figure 10b shows the efficiency curve of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of this application. As can be seen from Figure 10a, two relatively obvious resonances can be observed in the S-parameter curve. The resonance at 2 GHz is the resonance mode of the main radiator 1. The resonances of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are indistinguishable on the S-parameter curve, both located near the 1.92 GHz resonance. As can be seen from the efficiency curve in Figure 10b, the antenna 100 has a higher efficiency at around 2 GHz.

[0128] Figure 11 shows the radiation pattern and total directivity coefficient (Dir Total = 3.88 dBi) of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of this application under linear polarization. Figure 12 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient (Dir LHCP = 1.57 dBi) of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of this application under left-hand circular polarization. As can be seen from Figures 11 and 12, when the electronic device is held with both hands, the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 towards the top is relatively strong (the darker the color, the stronger the gain). The radiation pattern is relatively strong in both the front view and the side view. Compared with the radiation pattern of antennas in related technologies, the antenna 100 in this embodiment of this application has a significantly improved radiation pattern.

[0129] The radiation pattern of antenna 100 is the effect of the superposition of the current on the radiator and the current on the reference ground in the far-field radiation. The principle of achieving the above effect is explained below from the perspective of current and electric field:

[0130] Figure 13 shows the current distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of this application during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz) cycle. As can be seen from Figure 13, the currents on the main radiator 1, the first parasitic radiator 2, and the second parasitic radiator 3 are relatively strong, while the currents on the reference ground around the radiators are relatively weak. The currents on the reference ground are confined to the vicinity of the radiator area, and the currents on the left side of the reference ground are less, so the radiation pattern distortion is less.

[0131] Within one signal cycle, the current of the first parasitic radiator 2 flows in the same direction as the current of the main radiator 1; the current of the second parasitic radiator 3 flows in the same direction as the current of the main radiator 1 for half a cycle, and flows in the opposite direction for the other half cycle. This shows that the current on the radiators is not a purely unidirectional or antidirectional mode, because the mode of the second parasitic radiator 3 is closer to the main mode of the main radiator 1.

[0132] Figure 14 shows the electric field distribution of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of this application and the reference ground during a signal (frequency at 2 GHz) cycle. As can be seen from Figure 14, the electric field is confined to the vicinity of the radiator throughout the entire signal cycle, and the electric field of the reference ground on the left is not obvious and has little impact on the radiation pattern.

[0133] To better illustrate the function of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3, the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are short-circuited respectively, and their effects are seen from the comparison of radiation patterns and current electric fields.

[0134] Figure 15 is a second simulation model diagram of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of this application. The main difference between the simulation model diagram shown in Figure 15 and the simulation model diagram in Figure 9 is that a 0-ohm resistor is loaded at the third connection point P3 of the first parasitic radiator 2, which is equivalent to short-circuiting the first parasitic radiator 2.

[0135] Figure 16a shows the S-parameter curves of antenna 100 in Figure 15, and Figure 16b shows the efficiency curve of antenna 100 in Figure 15. As can be seen from Figure 16a, two distinct resonances are observed in the S-parameter curves: the resonance of the second parasitic radiator 3 is around 1.9 GHz, and the resonance at 2 GHz is the resonance mode of the main radiator 1. The efficiency curve in Figure 16b shows that antenna 100 has higher efficiency around 1.9 GHz.

[0136] Figure 17 shows the radiation pattern and total directivity (Dir Total = 4.84 dBi) of antenna 100 in Figure 15 under linear polarization, and Figure 18 shows the radiation pattern and directivity (Dir LHCP = 2.1 dBi) of antenna 100 in Figure 15 under left-hand circular polarization. As can be seen from Figures 17 and 18, after short-circuiting the first parasitic radiator 2, the radiation pattern changes significantly when held with both hands; the entire radiation pattern deflects to the left, a dimple appears at the top, and radiation towards the top is significantly reduced. Compared with Figures 11 and 12, it can be seen that the first parasitic radiator 2 can significantly suppress the leftward deflection of the radiation pattern.

[0137] Figure 19 shows the current distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of antenna 100 in Figure 15 during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz) period. Figure 20 shows the electric field distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of antenna 100 in Figure 15 during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz) period. As can be seen from Figure 19, the current on the main radiator 1 and the second parasitic radiator 3 is relatively strong, while the current on the reference ground is slightly weaker. As can be seen from Figure 20, during one signal period, because the effect of the first parasitic radiator 2 is no longer present, the electric field on the left side of the reference ground is relatively strong and cannot be suppressed within the region where the radiator is located, thus causing the radiation pattern of antenna 100 to deflect significantly to the left.

[0138] To illustrate the function of the second parasitic radiator 3, the second parasitic radiator 3 is short-circuited below, and its effect is seen by comparing the radiation pattern and the current electric field.

[0139] Figure 21 is a third simulation model diagram of the antenna 100 in the third embodiment of this application. The main difference between the simulation model diagram shown in Figure 21 and the simulation model diagram in Figure 9 is that a 0-ohm resistor is loaded at the fifth connection point P5 of the second parasitic radiator 3, which is equivalent to short-circuiting the second parasitic radiator 3.

[0140] Figure 22a shows the S-parameter curves of antenna 100 in Figure 21, and Figure 22b shows the efficiency curve of antenna 100 in Figure 21. As can be seen from Figure 22a, two resonances are observed in the S-parameter curves. The lower resonance corresponds to the first parasitic radiator 2, while the higher resonance corresponds to the resonance mode of the main radiator 1. The efficiency curve in Figure 22b shows that antenna 100 has relatively high efficiency at around 2 GHz.

[0141] Figure 23 shows the radiation pattern and total directivity (Dir Total = 2.79 dBi) of antenna 100 in Figure 21 under linear polarization, and Figure 24 shows the radiation pattern and directivity (Dir LHCP = 1.05 dBi) of antenna 100 in Figure 21 under left-hand circular polarization. From Figures 23 and 24, it can be seen that due to the presence of the first parasitic radiator 2, the radiation pattern towards the top is relatively full. However, compared to Figures 11 and 12, the downward radiation is stronger. The directivity coefficients also show that removing the second parasitic radiator 3 reduces both the total directivity and the circular polarization directivity coefficient by 0.5–1 dB, indicating that the downward radiation energy diverts some of the upward radiation.

[0142] Figure 25 shows the current distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna 100 in Figure 21 during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz) period. Figure 26 shows the electric field distribution of the radiator and the reference ground of the antenna 100 in Figure 21 during one signal (frequency at 2 GHz) period. The effect of the second parasitic radiator 3 is more clearly seen from Figures 25 and 26. As shown in Figure 26, the electric field downwards is enhanced. If the electric field downwards is enhanced, the downward radiation will increase, thereby reducing the upward radiation.

[0143] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27, FIG27 is a schematic diagram of antenna 100 in the fourth embodiment of the present application. The radiator of antenna 100 further includes a third parasitic radiator 5, which is located on the side of the first parasitic radiator 2 away from the first gap 7; the third parasitic radiator 5 has a sixth connection point P6 and a seventh connection point P7, the sixth connection point P6 being connected to a reference ground; the tuning device 4 further includes a fourth tuner 44, which is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground.

[0144] By setting up a third parasitic radiator 5 and a fourth tuner 44, the fourth tuner 44 can apply more matching to the third parasitic radiator 5 to adjust its resonant frequency. This allows the third parasitic radiator 5 to further regulate the current on the reference ground, suppressing the current flowing along the transverse X direction on the reference ground to areas outside the radiator's location (the left end of the third parasitic radiator 5 in Figure 27). This better regulates the radiation pattern of the antenna 100, making its radiation pattern closer to the optimal position.

[0145] The fourth tuner 44 includes a tuning switch and matching elements; the matching elements include, but are not limited to, 0-ohm resistors, inductors, and capacitors.

[0146] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device 4 in the antenna 100 shown in Figure 27 in its first state. As shown in Figure 28, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductive element of the first tuner 41 is connected between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground, the capacitive element of the second tuner 42 is connected between the fifth connection point P5 and the reference ground, and the capacitive element of the third tuner 43 is connected between the second connection point P2 and the reference ground. That is, the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are both grounded through capacitors. Since the resonant frequency can be adjusted by grounding through capacitors, this setting can better adjust the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3, so that the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3 can better control the magnitude distribution of the current on the reference ground.

[0147] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG28, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the capacitor element of the fourth tuner 44 is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5, thereby enabling the third parasitic radiator 5 to better suppress the current flowing to the far end along the first edge on the reference ground.

[0148] When the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5 can be near the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1, for example, the two resonant frequencies can differ by 100 to 200 MHz. In this way, the third parasitic radiator 5 can better suppress the current flowing along the transverse X direction from the reference ground to the area outside the radiator.

[0149] It should be noted that because the new resonance of the third parasitic radiator 5 will have a dip in radiation efficiency, if it is too close to the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1, it will affect the radiation efficiency of the main radiator 1. However, in terms of suppressing the current to the reference ground, the closer it is to the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1, the better the effect of suppressing the current to the reference ground. Therefore, considering both radiation efficiency and current suppression effect, the difference in resonant frequencies between the two is generally around 100 to 200 MHz.

[0150] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG28, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductance value of the inductor of the first tuner 41 is 5.6nH, the capacitance value of the capacitor of the second tuner 42 is 1.2pF, the capacitance value of the capacitor of the third tuner 43 is 4.7pF, and the capacitance value of the capacitor of the fourth tuner 44 is 1pF. However, it is not limited to this; the inductance value of the inductor of the first tuner 41, the capacitance value of the capacitor of the second tuner 42, the capacitance value of the capacitor of the third tuner 43, and the capacitance value of the capacitor of the fourth tuner 44 can also be set to other values ​​according to the actual situation.

[0151] Figure 29 shows the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of antenna 100 in Figure 28. As can be seen from Figure 29, the distinction between the main radiator 1, the first parasitic radiator 2, and the second parasitic radiator 3 is not very clear. Furthermore, the third parasitic radiator 5 is far from the main radiator 1 and has weak coupling; the resonant mode is not easily discernible from the S-parameter curves in Figure 29. Different configurations can be applied to the third parasitic radiator 5 using the fourth tuner 44 to demonstrate the effect of adjusting the third parasitic radiator 5 to a suitable resonant frequency.

[0152] Figure 30 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of antenna 100 in Figure 28. Figure 31 is a second schematic diagram of the tuning device 4 in antenna 100 shown in Figure 27 in its first state. The difference between antenna 100 in Figure 31 and antenna 100 in Figure 28 is that the capacitance value of the capacitor element of the fourth tuner 44 is different. The capacitance value of the capacitor element of the fourth tuner 44 in Figure 28 is 1pF, while the capacitance value of the capacitor element of the fourth tuner 44 in Figure 31 is 0.5pF. Figure 32 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of antenna 100 in Figure 31. As can be seen from Figure 32, the radiation pattern when a 0.5pF capacitor is applied to the third parasitic radiator 5 is significantly deflected to the left. As can be seen from Figure 30, the radiation pattern when a 1pF capacitor is applied to the third parasitic radiator 5 is deflected more upwards and to the right. Therefore, it can be seen that applying capacitor elements with different capacitance values ​​to the third parasitic radiator 5 by the fourth tuner 44 can regulate the radiation pattern of antenna 100.

[0153] Figure 33a is a schematic diagram of the antenna 100 in the fifth embodiment of this application, and Figure 33b is a circuit connection diagram of the feed tuner 40 of the antenna 100 in Figure 33a in the first state. The feed tuner 40 includes a first inductor element L1, a first capacitor element C1, and a second capacitor element C2. When the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the first electrode of the first capacitor element C1 is connected to the feed point P0, and the second electrode of the first capacitor element C1 is used to connect to the feed source 400. One end of the first inductor element L1 is connected between the feed point P0 and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. The second capacitor element C2 is connected between the second electrode and the reference ground. By setting the first inductor element L1, the first capacitor element C1, and the second capacitor element C2, the impedance matching of the antenna 100 and the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1 can be better adjusted, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0154] When the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductance value of the first inductor L1 is 18nH, the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1 is 0.75pF, and the capacitance value of the second capacitor C2 is 1pF; however, it is not limited to this, the inductance value of the first inductor L1, the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1, and the capacitance value of the second capacitor C2 can also be set to other values ​​according to the actual situation.

[0155] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG34, FIG34 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device 4 of the antenna 100 in FIG33a in a second state. The tuning device 4 has a second state in which the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1, and the resonant frequency of the second parasitic radiator 3 is less than the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1. By adjusting the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 to a position after the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1, the first parasitic radiator 2 can improve antenna efficiency. At this time, the third parasitic radiator 5 and the second parasitic radiator 3 are used to control the current on the reference ground and to control the radiation pattern.

[0156] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG34, when the tuning device 4 is in the second state, the inductor and capacitor elements of the third tuner 43 are connected in parallel and between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground. The first tuner 41 is in an open-circuit state, and the capacitor element of the second tuner 42 is connected between the fifth connection point P5 and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequencies of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the second parasitic radiator 3, which is beneficial for the first parasitic radiator 2 to improve antenna efficiency and for the second parasitic radiator 3 to better control the current distribution on the reference ground.

[0157] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG34, when the tuning device 4 is in the second state, the capacitor element of the fourth tuner 44 is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5, thereby enabling the third parasitic radiator 5 to better suppress current flowing along the transverse X direction on the reference ground outside the radiator's region.

[0158] As shown in Figure 34, when the tuning device 4 is in the second state, the capacitance of the capacitor element of the third tuner 43 is 1pF, the inductance of the inductor element of the third tuner 43 is 5.6nH, the capacitance of the capacitor element of the second tuner 42 is 1.2pF, and the capacitance of the capacitor element of the fourth tuner 44 is 0.4pF.

[0159] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG35, FIG35 is a circuit connection diagram of the feed tuner 40 of the antenna 100 in FIG34 in a second state. The feed tuner 40 includes a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, and a third capacitor C3. The third inductor L3 and the third capacitor C3 are connected in series, and the third capacitor C3 is located between the feed point P0 and the third inductor L3. The third inductor L3 is used to connect the feed source 400. One end of the second inductor L2 is connected between the feed point P0 and the third capacitor C3, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. By setting the second inductor L2, the third inductor L3, and the third capacitor C3, the impedance matching of the antenna 100 and the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1 can be better adjusted, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to better meet the communication requirements of different communication functions.

[0160] When the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the inductance value of the second inductor L2 is 27nH, the capacitance value of the third capacitor C3 is 0.5pF, and the inductance value of the third inductor L3 is 1.5nH; however, it is not limited to this, the inductance values ​​of the second inductor L2, the capacitance value of the third capacitor C3, and the inductance value of the third inductor L3 can also be set to other values ​​according to the actual situation.

[0161] Figure 36 shows the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of antenna 100 in Figure 34, and Figure 37 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of antenna 100 in Figure 34. From the S-parameter curves in Figure 36, it can be seen that the resonance near 2 GHz is the resonance mode of the main radiator 1, the resonance near 2.1 GHz is the resonance mode of the first parasitic radiator 2, and the resonance mode of the second parasitic radiator 3 is not very obvious near 1.8 GHz. As can be seen from Figure 37, when held with both hands, the radiation pattern of antenna 100 generally points upwards, achieving good performance.

[0162] The above embodiments describe the antenna 100 pattern control for satellite communication scenarios. The following describes the antenna 100 pattern control for WIFI communication scenarios. The pattern control for WIFI communication scenarios reduces the directivity coefficient and makes the pattern more uniform, rather than concentrating the pattern more in one direction.

[0163] Figure 38 is a schematic diagram of the antenna 100 in the sixth embodiment of this application, and Figure 39 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device 4 of the antenna 100 in Figure 38 in the third state. As shown in Figures 38 and 39, the tuning device 4 has a third state. When the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner 42 is connected between the fifth connection point P5 and the connector. The resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 is less than the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1, and the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5 is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1.

[0164] By setting the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 to be lower than that of the main radiator 1, the third parasitic radiator 5 can suppress the current along the transverse X direction on the reference ground, thereby modulating the radiation pattern and achieving a homogenized pattern. Conversely, by setting the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5 to be higher than that of the main radiator 1, antenna efficiency can be improved.

[0165] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG39, when the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the inductor of the first tuner 41 is connected between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground, the 0-ohm resistor of the third tuner 43 is connected between the second connection point P2 and the reference ground, and the inductor of the fourth tuner 44 is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequencies of the first parasitic radiator 2 and the third parasitic radiator 5, thereby better suppressing the current flowing along the transverse X direction on the reference ground outside the radiator region (the current flowing to the right in the figure), and improving antenna efficiency.

[0166] As shown in Figure 39, when the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the inductance value of the inductor of the first tuner 41 is 1.2nH and the inductance value of the inductor of the fourth tuner 44 is 10nH; however, it is not limited to this, and the inductance values ​​of the inductor of the first tuner 41 and the inductor of the fourth tuner 44 can also be set to other values ​​according to the actual situation.

[0167] In some embodiments, the tuning device 4 further includes a feed tuner 40, which includes a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, and a third capacitor C3. The third inductor L3 and the third capacitor C3 are connected in series, and the third capacitor C3 is located between the feed point P0 and the third inductor L3. The third inductor L3 is used to connect to the feed source 400. One end of the second inductor L2 is connected between the feed point P0 and the third capacitor C3, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. See Figure 35 for a specific example of the feed tuner 40.

[0168] When the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the inductance value of the second inductor L2 is 39nH, the capacitance value of the third capacitor C3 is 0.3pF, and the inductance value of the third inductor L3 is 16nH; however, it is not limited to this, the inductance values ​​of the second inductor L2, the capacitance value of the third capacitor C3, and the inductance value of the third inductor L3 can also be set to other values ​​according to the actual situation.

[0169] Figure 40 shows the S-parameter and efficiency curves of antenna 100 in Figure 39, and Figure 41 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of antenna 100 in Figure 39. As can be seen from Figure 40, the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1 is around 2.45 GHz, the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 is around 2.3 GHz, and the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator 5 is around 2.7 GHz. The second parasitic radiator 3 is effectively short-circuited due to its 0-ohm grounding. As can be seen from Figure 41, the radiation pattern, which was partially concentrated to the right, is concentrated to the left, thus achieving a relatively uniform effect, with the overall in-band directivity coefficient being less than 3.79 dBi.

[0170] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG42, FIG42 is a schematic diagram of antenna 100 in the seventh embodiment of the present application. The radiator of antenna 100 further includes a fourth parasitic radiator 6, which is connected to the third parasitic radiator 5, and the fourth parasitic radiator 6 is at least partially located on the side of the third parasitic radiator 5 away from the first parasitic radiator 2. The fourth parasitic radiator 6 has an eighth connection point P8, and a sixth connection point P6 is located between the seventh connection point P7 and the eighth connection point P8. The seventh connection point P7 is located between the sixth connection point P6 and the first parasitic radiator 2. The tuning device 4 further includes a fifth tuner 45, which is connected between the eighth connection point P8 and the reference ground.

[0171] By setting a fourth parasitic radiator 6 and a fifth tuner 45, different configurations are applied to the second sub-radiator through the fifth tuner 45. The fourth parasitic radiator 6 can further suppress the current on the reference ground, thereby regulating the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 and making the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 more uniform.

[0172] As shown in Figure 42, both the third parasitic radiator 5 and the fourth parasitic radiator 6 include horizontal and vertical branches, which are L-shaped as a whole, and the third parasitic radiator 5 and the fourth parasitic radiator 6 share the same vertical branch. The fifth tuner 45 includes a tuning switch and matching elements; the matching elements include, but are not limited to, 0-ohm resistors, inductors, and capacitors.

[0173] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG43, FIG43 is a schematic diagram of the configuration in which the fourth parasitic radiator 6 of the antenna 100 in FIG42 is loaded in the third state. When the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the capacitor element of the fifth tuner 45 is connected between the eighth connection point P8 and the reference ground. With this configuration, the fourth parasitic radiator 6 can be grounded through the capacitor, which can adjust the resonant frequency of the fourth parasitic radiator 6, thereby further suppressing the current on the reference ground, thereby regulating the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 and making the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 more uniform.

[0174] As shown in Figures 43 and 44, Figure 44 is the radiation pattern of antenna 100 in Figure 43. When the tuning device 4 is in the third state, the capacitance value of the capacitor element of the fifth tuner 45 is 0.6pF. This can adjust the resonant frequency of the fourth parasitic radiator 6 to near the WIFI band (2.4GHz~2.5GHz) to further reduce the directivity coefficient of antenna 100 to 3.64dBi.

[0175] Figure 45 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device 4 of the antenna 100 in Figure 38 in the first state. As shown in Figure 45, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the capacitor element of the second tuner 42 is connected between the fifth connection point P5 and the connector, the 0-ohm resistor of the third tuner 43 is connected between the second connection point P2 and the reference ground, the inductor element of the first tuner 41 is connected between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground, the inductor element of the fourth tuner 44 is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground, and the capacitor element of the fifth tuner 45 is connected between the eighth connection point P8 and the reference ground.

[0176] As shown in Figure 45, when the tuning device 4 is in the first state, the capacitance of the capacitor element of the second tuner 42 is 0.5pF, the inductance of the inductor element of the first tuner 41 is 1.3nH, the inductance of the inductor element of the fourth tuner 44 is 10nH, and the capacitance of the capacitor element of the fifth tuner 45 is 0.6pF. However, this is not a limitation; the capacitance values ​​of the capacitor elements of the second tuner 42, the inductance values ​​of the inductor elements of the first tuner 41, the fourth tuner 44, and the fifth tuner 45 can be set to other values ​​according to actual conditions.

[0177] Figure 46 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of the antenna 100 shown in Figure 45. As can be seen from Figure 46, due to the resonance of the newly introduced second parasitic radiator 3, some of the radiated energy in the lower left corner is deflected upwards, thus making the radiation pattern more uniformly distributed and further reducing the directivity coefficient to 3.35 dBi.

[0178] Figure 47 is a schematic diagram of the tuning device 4 of the antenna 100 in Figure 38 in the fourth state. As shown in Figure 47, the tuning device 4 has a fourth state. When the tuning device 4 is in the fourth state, the 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner 42 is connected between the fifth connection point P5 and the connector. The resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator 1.

[0179] By adjusting the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 to a frequency later than that of the main radiator 1, the antenna efficiency of the first parasitic radiator 2 can be improved. At this point, the third parasitic radiator 5 is used to control the current on the reference ground and to adjust the radiation pattern.

[0180] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG47, when the tuning device 4 is in the fourth state, the inductor of the first tuner 41 is connected between the third connection point P3 and the reference ground, and the inductor of the third tuner 43 is connected between the second connection point P2 and the reference ground. At this time, the first parasitic radiator 2 is equivalent to a differential mode structure with both ends slightly open. This configuration allows for better adjustment of the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2, which is beneficial for improving the antenna efficiency of the first parasitic radiator 2.

[0181] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG47, when the tuning device 4 is in the fourth state, the inductive element of the fourth tuner 44 is connected between the seventh connection point P7 and the reference ground, and the capacitive element of the fifth tuner 45 is connected between the eighth connection point P8 and the reference ground.

[0182] As shown in Figure 47, the inductance values ​​of the inductor of the first tuner 41 and the inductor of the third tuner 43 are both 5.1nH, the inductance value of the inductor of the fourth tuner 44 is 10nH, and the capacitance value of the capacitor of the fifth tuner 45 is 0.6pF.

[0183] Figure 48 shows the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of antenna 100 in Figure 47, and Figure 49 shows the radiation pattern and directivity coefficient of antenna 100 in Figure 47. From the S-parameter curve in Figure 48, it can be seen that the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator 2 is around 2.5 GHz. Comparing this to the efficiency curve in Figure 40, the efficiency has improved by approximately 1 dB. From Figure 49, it can be seen that the overall directivity coefficient of antenna 100 is around 3.7 dBi, and the energy radiated towards the right side of the radiation pattern is relatively stronger.

[0184] While the description of this application is presented in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the application in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may arise based on the claims of this application. To provide a thorough understanding of this application, many specific details are included in the above description. This application may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0185] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and "fifth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and "fifth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0186] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0187] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. "Multiple" refers to at least two.

[0188] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0189] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, It includes a main radiator (1), a first parasitic radiator (2), a second parasitic radiator (3), and a tuning device (4); The main radiator (1) is disposed between the first parasitic radiator (2) and the second parasitic radiator (3). There is a first gap (7) between the first parasitic radiator (2) and the main radiator (1). The main radiator (1) has a feed point (P0) and a first connection point (P1). The feed point (P0) is used to connect with the feed source (400), and the first connection point (P1) is connected to the reference ground. The first parasitic radiator (2) has a second connection point (P2) and a third connection point (P3), the second connection point (P2) being connected to a reference ground; the second parasitic radiator (3) has a fourth connection point (P4) and a fifth connection point (P5), the fourth connection point (P4) being connected to the reference ground; The tuning device (4) includes a first tuner (41) and a second tuner (42), the first tuner (41) being connected between the third connection point (P3) and the reference ground, and the second tuner (42) being connected between the fifth connection point (P5) and the reference ground.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tuning device (4) has a first state. When the tuning device (4) is in the first state, the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator (2) and the resonant frequency of the second parasitic radiator (3) are both less than the resonant frequency of the main radiator (1).

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tuning device (4) further includes a third tuner (43), which is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground. When the tuning device (4) is in the first state, the inductor of the first tuner (41) is connected between the third connection point (P3) and the reference ground, and the capacitor of the second tuner (42) is connected between the fifth connection point (P5) and the reference ground. The capacitor or 0-ohm resistor of the third tuner (43) is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground.

4. The antenna according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The tuning device (4) also includes a feeder tuner (40); The feed tuner (40) includes a first inductor (L1) and a first capacitor (C1). The first electrode of the first capacitor (C1) is connected to the feed point (P0), and the second electrode of the first capacitor (C1) is used to connect to the feed source (400). One end of the first inductor (L1) is connected between the feed point (P0) and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. Alternatively, the feed tuner (40) includes a first inductor (L1), a first capacitor (C1), and a second capacitor (C2). The first electrode of the first capacitor (C1) is connected to the feed point (P0), and the second electrode of the first capacitor (C1) is used to connect to the feed source (400). One end of the first inductor (L1) is connected between the feed point (P0) and the first electrode, and the other end is connected to the reference ground. The second capacitor (C2) is connected between the second electrode and the reference ground.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The antenna further includes a third parasitic radiator (5), which is located on the side of the first parasitic radiator (2) away from the first gap (7); the third parasitic radiator (5) has a sixth connection point (P6) and a seventh connection point (P7), the sixth connection point (P6) being connected to a reference ground; the tuning device (4) further includes a fourth tuner (44), which is connected between the seventh connection point (P7) and the reference ground.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tuning device (4) has a second state. When the tuning device (4) is in the second state, the resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator (2) is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator (1), and the resonant frequency of the second parasitic radiator (3) is less than the resonant frequency of the main radiator (1).

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tuning device (4) includes a third tuner (43) connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground; when the tuning device (4) is in the second state, the inductance of the third tuner (43) is... The capacitor element of the first tuner (41) is connected in parallel with the capacitor element and connected between the third connection point (P3) and the reference ground. The capacitor element of the second tuner (42) is connected between the fifth connection point (P5) and the reference ground. The capacitor element of the fourth tuner (44) is connected between the seventh connection point (P7) and the reference ground.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The tuning device (4) has a third state. When the tuning device (4) is in the third state, the 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner (42) is connected between the fifth connection point (P5) and the reference ground. The resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator (2) is less than the resonant frequency of the main radiator (1), and the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator (5) is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator (1).

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The tuning device (4) includes a third tuner (43) connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground; when the tuning device (4) is in the third state, the inductor of the first tuner (41) is connected between the third connection point (P3) and the reference ground, and the 0-ohm resistor of the third tuner (43) is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground; the inductor of the fourth tuner (44) is connected between the seventh connection point (P7) and the reference ground.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that, The tuning device (4) has a fourth state. When the tuning device (4) is in the fourth state, the 0-ohm resistor of the second tuner (42) is connected between the fifth connection point (P5) and the connector. The resonant frequency of the first parasitic radiator (2) is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator (1), and the resonant frequency of the third parasitic radiator (5) is greater than the resonant frequency of the main radiator (1).

11. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that, The tuning device (4) includes a third tuner (43) connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground; when the tuning device (4) is in the fourth state, the inductor of the first tuner (41) is connected between the third connection point (P3) and the reference ground, and the inductor of the third tuner (43) is connected between the second connection point (P2) and the reference ground.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that, The antenna further includes a fourth parasitic radiator (6) connected to the third parasitic radiator (5), the fourth parasitic radiator (6) having an eighth connection point (P8), the sixth connection point (P6) being located between the seventh connection point (P7) and the eighth connection point (P8), the seventh connection point (P7) being located between the sixth connection point (P6) and the first parasitic radiator (2); the tuning device (4) further includes a fifth tuner (45) connected between the eighth connection point (P8) and the reference ground.

13. The antenna according to any one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that, The tuning device (4) further includes a feed tuner (40), which includes a second inductor (L2), a third inductor (L3), and a third capacitor (C3). The third inductor (L3) and the third capacitor (C3) are connected in series, and the third capacitor (C3) is located between the feed point (P0) and the third inductor (L3). The third inductor (L3) is used to connect the feed source (400). One end of the second inductor (L2) is connected between the feed point (P0) and the third capacitor (C3), and the other end is connected to the reference ground.

14. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The main radiator (1) is connected to the second parasitic radiator (3), and the main radiator (1) and the second parasitic radiator (3) are in an L-shape.

15. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The second connection point (P2) is located at the end of the first parasitic radiator (2) near the first gap (7), and the third connection point (P3) is located at the end of the first parasitic radiator (2) away from the first gap (7); And / or, the fifth connection point (P5) is located at the end of the second parasitic radiator (3) away from the main radiator (1).

16. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (300) and an antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 15; the housing (300) includes a bottom wall (330) and a side wall (340) disposed at the edge of the bottom wall (330), the bottom wall (330) being configured as a reference ground of the antenna (100), and the radiator of the antenna (100) being located on the side wall.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The housing (300) includes a first housing (310) and a second housing (320), which can switch between a folded state and an unfolded state. Both the first housing (310) and the second housing (320) include a bottom wall (330) and a side wall (340). There are two antennas (100), which are a WIFI antenna and a satellite antenna, respectively. The WIFI antenna is at least partially located at the corner of the top of the first housing (310), and the satellite antenna is at least partially located at the corner of the top of the second housing (320).

Images