Electronic device

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are an electronic device, which comprises an antenna. The antenna uses a conductive portion of a bezel of the electronic device as a radiator. A feeding member is arranged at one side of the radiator and spaced apart from the radiator, and the antenna feeds an electrical signal into the radiator by means of indirect coupling. The feeding member can additionally generate resonance, and the resonance can improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna, so that the electronic device has good communication performance.

Description

An electronic device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 29, 2023, with application number 202311867223.3 and application name “An Electronic Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] As demand for high-speed data transmission increases, the industrial design (ID) trend of electronic devices is toward larger screens and multiple cameras. This significantly reduces antenna clearance, limiting layout space.

[0004] Currently, the communication frequency bands of electronic devices will continue to coexist for a long time, including the third-generation wireless systems (3G), fourth-generation wireless systems (4G), and fifth-generation wireless systems (5G), requiring an increasing number of antennas.

[0005] However, traditional methods such as increasing the size of the antenna's radiator to expand the antenna's efficiency bandwidth have reached a bottleneck. Therefore, while keeping the size of the radiator unchanged, increasing the antenna's efficiency bandwidth has become a top priority. Summary of the Invention

[0006] A feed element is spaced apart on one side of the radiator, and the antenna feeds the radiator an electrical signal through indirect coupling. The feed element can also generate additional resonance, which can improve the antenna's radiation characteristics, thus ensuring good communication performance for electronic devices.

[0007] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a floor; a frame, the frame comprising a first position and a second position, the frame being directly electrically connected to the floor at the first position; the frame having a first insulating gap at the second position; an antenna, the antenna comprising: a first radiator, the first radiator being a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, the first radiator being spaced apart from the floor; a feeder, the feeder being spaced apart from the first radiator, the first end of the feeder extending toward the first position, the extension direction of the feeder being in the same direction as the extension direction of the first radiator, the first end and the second end of the feeder being open ends; a feeding circuit, the feeder comprising a feeding point, the feeding circuit being coupled to the feeding point; wherein a ratio of a length of the feeder between the feeding point and the first end of the feeder to a length of the feeder between the feeding point and the second end of the feeder is greater than or equal to 4; and a length of the frame between a projection of the feeding point on the frame and the second position is less than or equal to one-fourth of a length of the first radiator.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first end (the end at the first position) of the first radiator is grounded, and the second end (the end at the second position) is open. A strong current and a weak electric field exist near the first end of the first radiator. A strong electric field and a weak current exist near the second end of the first radiator.

[0009] The first end of the feeder (the end away from the feed point, the end extending toward the first position) and the second end (the end close to the feed point, the second position) are open ends. There is a strong electric field and a weaker current near the first and second ends of the feeder. However, because the feed point is close to the second end of the feeder, the area near the first end of the feeder is a high-impedance area, and the area near the second end is a low-impedance area. Therefore, the electric field near the first end of the feeder is stronger than the electric field near the second end, and the electric field near the first end of the feeder is stronger.

[0010] The first end of the first radiator is close to the first end of the feeding element, and the area of ​​the first radiator with weaker electric field (stronger magnetic field) is close to the area of ​​the feeding element with stronger electric field (stronger magnetic field), which can make the antenna have better radiation characteristics, thereby making the electronic device have better communication performance.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator and the feeding element are used to generate a first resonance, and the resonant frequency band of the first resonance includes a first communication frequency band; the feeding element is also used to generate a second resonance, and the second resonance is used to improve the radiation efficiency of the first communication frequency band.

[0012] According to the embodiments of the present application, the area of ​​the first radiator with a weaker electric field (stronger magnetic field) is close to the area of ​​the feeder with a stronger electric field (stronger magnetic field), which can make the first resonance and the second resonance more balanced, and the second resonance does not produce a pit in radiation efficiency. At the same time, because the feeder can generate a second resonance, part of the current on the first radiator can be coupled to the feeder, expanding the current path and effectively increasing the radiation aperture of the antenna, thereby improving the antenna's radiation characteristics and providing electronic equipment with better communication performance.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a frequency difference between a resonance point frequency of the first resonance and a resonance point frequency of the second resonance is less than or equal to 500 MHz.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present application, the resonance point of the second resonance can be located within the first communication frequency band or outside the first communication frequency band (for example, higher than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, or lower than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance). The embodiment of the present application does not impose any restrictions on this. When the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is within the above range, the antenna can have better radiation characteristics.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the frame further includes a third position, the first position, the second position, and the third position are sequentially arranged on the frame, and the frame has a second insulating gap at the third position; the antenna further includes: a second radiator, the second radiator including a conductive portion of the frame between the second position and the third position, the length L1 of the first radiator and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfying the following: 0.5×L2<L1<1.5×L2; a first electronic component and a second electronic component, the first end of the first radiator including a first connection point, the first end of the second radiator including a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the first electronic component being coupled and connected to the first connection point, the second end of the first electronic component being coupled and connected to the second connection point, the first end of the second electronic component being coupled and connected to the third connection point, and the second end of the second electronic component being coupled and connected to the floor, the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator being opposite to each other through the first insulating gap and not contacting each other.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the feeding element, the first radiator, and the second radiator are used to generate the first resonance and the third resonance, and the first resonance and the third resonance are used to jointly support the first communication frequency band.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present application, due to the provision of a second radiator, a first electronic component, and a second electronic component, when an electrical signal is fed into the feeding circuit, the antenna can additionally generate a third resonance, and the first resonance and the third resonance expand the working bandwidth of the antenna, jointly supporting the first communication frequency band of the electronic device.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second end of the second radiator includes a fourth connection point, the fourth connection point is coupled to the floor, or a third electronic component is electrically connected between the fourth connection point and the floor.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present application, the third electronic component can be used to simultaneously determine the radiation characteristics (e.g., the resonant point frequency) of the antenna when it generates the first resonance and the third resonance. The fourth connection point can be coupled to the floor, and no electronic component is provided between the fourth connection point and the floor.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first electronic component is a capacitive component, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being less than or equal to 1 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component is greater than 1.5 pF and less than or equal to 2 pF, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being greater than 1 GHz and less than or equal to 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component is greater than 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 1.5 pF, or, the first electronic component is an inductive component, and the equivalent inductance value of the second electronic component is less than or equal to 10 nH.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second electronic component is a capacitive component, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being less than or equal to 1 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component is greater than 3 pF and less than or equal to 5 pF, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being greater than 1 GHz and less than or equal to 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component is greater than 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being greater than 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component is less than or equal to 0.5 pF, or, the second electronic component is an inductive component, and the equivalent inductance value of the second electronic component is less than or equal to 3 nH.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first electronic component can be used to determine the radiation characteristics of the antenna when it produces a first resonance (e.g., the resonance point frequency of the resonance). The second electronic component can be used to adjust the grounding state of the first end of the second radiator to thereby determine the radiation characteristics of the antenna when it produces a third resonance (e.g., the resonance point frequency of the resonance).

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second position and the third position are located on the first side of the border; the length of the border between the first position and the center position of the first side is the same as the length of the border between the second position and the center position of the first side.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a charging interface; the first side is the bottom side of the electronic device, and a portion of the charging interface is located between the second position and the third position.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the charging interface is charging, a strong current will be generated near the charging interface. Since a portion of the charging interface is located on the second radiator, and the antenna's feeder is close to the first radiator, the charging interface has little effect on the radiation characteristics of the antenna when charging. In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first communication frequency band includes at least part of the frequency band of 1710MHz-2170MHz, and at least part of the frequency band of 2300MHz-2690MHz.

[0026] According to the embodiment of the present application, the antenna can operate in the medium frequency band and the high frequency band in the cellular network.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first electronic component includes a first switch and multiple first capacitors; wherein the first switch and the first capacitors are connected in series and coupled between the first connection point and the second connection point.

[0028] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second electronic component includes a second switch and a plurality of second capacitors; wherein the second switch and the second capacitors are connected in series and coupled between the third connection point and the floor.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first electronic component / the second electronic component may be an adjustable component to switch the resonance point frequency.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction; at the resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first resonance and the third resonance may both be generated by the slot CM mode.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at a resonance point of the first resonance, an intensity of a current on the first radiator is greater than an intensity of a current on the second radiator;

[0033] At the resonance point of the second resonance, the intensity of the current on the first radiator is smaller than the intensity of the current on the second radiator.

[0034] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, an equivalent capacitance value of the third electronic component is less than or equal to 1 pF.

[0035] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the length L1 of the first radiator and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1×80%≤L2≤L1×120%.

[0036] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a distance D between the first radiator and the feeding element is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0037] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a distance D between the first radiator and the feeding element is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0038] According to the embodiment of the present application, when the distance between the first radiator and the feeding element is within the above range, good coupling characteristics can be achieved between the first radiator and the feeding element. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] FIG2 is a diagram showing the structure of the common mode of the antenna provided in this application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0041] FIG3 is a diagram showing the structure of the differential mode of the antenna provided in this application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0042] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG4 at the first resonance.

[0044] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG4 at the second resonance.

[0045] FIG7 shows simulation results of the S parameters, radiation efficiency, and system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in FIG4 .

[0046] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] FIG. 13 is a Smith chart of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 10 .

[0052] FIG. 14 shows an S-parameter simulation result of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 10 .

[0053] FIG. 15 shows a simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 10 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein is simply a term used to describe the existence of three possible relationships between related objects. For example, "A and / or B" can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of both A and B, and the existence of B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0056] When used in this application, "within the range of...", unless it is specifically stated that the end value is not included, it is assumed that both end values ​​of the range are included. For example, in the range of 1 to 5, the two values ​​1 and 5 are included.

[0057] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in the circuit structure are connected through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gap between two conductive parts.

[0058] Component / device: includes at least one of lumped component / device and distributed component / device.

[0059] Lumped component / device: This refers to all components whose size is much smaller than the wavelength relative to the circuit's operating frequency. For a signal, the component's characteristics remain constant at all times, regardless of frequency.

[0060] Distributed components / devices: Unlike lumped components, if the size of the component is similar to or larger than the wavelength relative to the circuit operating frequency, then when the signal passes through the component, the characteristics of each point of the component itself will vary due to changes in the signal. At this time, the component as a whole cannot be regarded as a single entity with fixed characteristics, but should be called a distributed component.

[0061] Capacitance: This can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitors; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap.

[0062] Inductance: This can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as inductors; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive material.

[0063] Radiator: A device in an antenna used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the narrow meaning of "antenna" is the radiator, which converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via the feeder line, where it is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy and transmits it to the receiver input via the feeder line.

[0064] The radiator may include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet shape, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be simply referred to as a linear antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be implemented by a conductive frame, and can also be called a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be implemented by a bracket conductor, and can also be called a bracket antenna. In one embodiment, the wire diameter (for example, including thickness and width) of the linear radiator, or the radiator of the linear antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (for example, the wavelength of the medium) (for example, less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length can be comparable to the wavelength (for example, the wavelength of the medium) (for example, the length is about 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of linear antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave oscillator antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, and inverted F antennas (also known as IFA, Inverted F Antenna). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding portion from the feeding end of the radiating branch. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be regarded as a monopole antenna with a ground path added. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is an inverted-F shape. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted-F antenna (also known as a PIFA, Planar Inverted F Antenna). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a planar conductor (such as a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as a silver paste, etc. The shape of the sheet radiator includes circular, rectangular, annular, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a floor, wherein the dielectric substrate is arranged between the radiator and the floor.

[0065] The radiator may also include a slot or slot formed in a conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slot formed in a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, a slotted or slotted radiator may be referred to as a slot antenna or slot antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slot of the slot antenna / slot antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, a radiator with a closed slot or slot may be referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, a radiator with a semi-closed slot or slot (e.g., a closed slot or slot with an additional opening) may be referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the slot is elongated. In some embodiments, the slot is approximately half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot is approximately an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot can be fed with a transmission line spanning one or both sides, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field in the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a conductive frame with both ends grounded, also known as a frame antenna. In this embodiment, the slot antenna or slot antenna can be considered to include a linear radiator spaced from the floor and grounded at both ends, thereby forming a closed or semi-enclosed slot or slot. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a bracket conductor with both ends grounded, also known as a bracket antenna.

[0066] The feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals. The feed circuit may include a transceiver and an RF front end circuit. In some cases, the "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as a radio frequency chip (RFIC, radio frequency integrated circuit), and the RFIC can be considered to include an RF front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). Generally, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency.

[0067] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (also referred to as an RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuit or the antenna radiator through the cable. The RF front-end circuit can be considered as the circuit portion coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0068] In some embodiments, the RF front-end circuit may be integrated into a RF front-end chip in the electronic device, or the RF front-end circuit and the transceiver may be integrated into a RF chip in the electronic device.

[0069] It should be understood that any two of the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuits in the present application can share the same transceiver, for example, transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel in a transceiver (for example, a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip); they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0070] It should also be understood that two feeding circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuit in the present application usually correspond to two radio frequency test sockets in the electronic device.

[0071] A matching circuit is a circuit used to adjust the radiation characteristics of an antenna. In one embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the feed circuit and the corresponding radiator. In another embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the test socket and the radiator. Typically, the matching circuit is a combination of circuits coupled between the radiator and the ground plane. In one embodiment, the matching circuit may include a switch and / or an electronic component; the switch may be an electronic component used to switch the coupling connection of the radiator. The matching circuit performs impedance matching and / or frequency tuning functions. Generally, it is considered to be part of the antenna.

[0072] The grounding structure / feeding structure may include a connector, such as a metal spring, through which the radiator is coupled to the floor / feeding structure is coupled to the feeding circuit. In some embodiments, the feeding structure may include a transmission line / feeding line, and the grounding structure may include a grounding wire.

[0073] End / point: The "end / point" in the first end / second end / feeding end / grounding end / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of an antenna radiator should not be narrowly understood as an end point or end portion that is physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered as a point or a section on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, an "end / point" may include a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feeding end / feeding point may be a coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a feeding structure (for example, an area facing a portion of the feeding structure). For another example, the grounding end / grounding point may be a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure.

[0074] Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to whether they are grounded. The closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a floating end, a free end, an open end, or an open-circuit end. In one embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short-circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open end to transfer coupling energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0075] In some embodiments, the "closed end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution. The closed end or the grounded end can be understood as a point with larger current on the radiator, or as a point with smaller electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by opening a gap at or near the closed end (for example, a gap filled with insulating material).

[0076] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open end" can also be viewed from the perspective of current distribution. The open end or floating end can be understood as a point with low current on the radiator, or as a point with high electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the low current point / high electric field point.

[0077] It should be understood that coupling the radiator end at a gap (from the perspective of the radiator structure, it is similar to the radiator at the opening of the open end or the suspended end) with electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) can make the radiator end a point with larger current / smaller electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0078] The “suspended radiator” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application means that the radiator is not directly connected to the feed line / feed branch and / or the ground line / ground branch, but is fed and / or grounded through indirect coupling.

[0079] It should be understood that the "suspended" in "suspended end" and "suspended radiator" does not mean that there is no structure around the radiator to support it. In one embodiment, the suspended radiator can be, for example, a radiator disposed on the inner surface of the insulating back cover.

[0080] Clearance: This refers to the distance between an antenna's radiator and any metal or electronic components near it. For example, when a portion of the metal frame of an electronic device acts as the antenna's radiator, clearance can refer to the distance between the radiator and the printed circuit board or electronic components (such as a camera).

[0081] The current same direction / reverse direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side is the same direction / reverse direction. For example, when stimulating a unidirectional distributed current on a conductor that is bent or ring-shaped (for example, the current path is also bent or ring-shaped), it should be understood that, for example, the main currents stimulated on the conductors on both sides of the ring conductor (for example, a conductor surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) are opposite in direction, which still falls within the definition of the unidirectional distributed current in the embodiments of the present application. In one embodiment, the current same direction on a conductor can refer to the current on the conductor having no reversal point. In one embodiment, the current reverse on a conductor can refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reversal point. In one embodiment, the current same direction on two conductors can refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in the same direction. In one embodiment, the current reverse on two conductors can refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in opposite directions. The current same direction / reversal on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0082] The electric field in the embodiments of the present application is in the same direction or opposite direction, which should be understood as the direction of the main electric field generated by the conductor in the space (for example, the electric field between the conductor and the floor) being in the same direction or opposite direction. For example, when a unidirectional distributed electric field is excited on a curved or ring-shaped conductor (for example, the gap formed between the floor and the conductor is also curved or ring-shaped), it should be understood that, for example, the direction of the electric field in the gap is from the floor to the conductor, or from the conductor to the floor. Although the main electric fields excited in the gaps on both sides of the ring-shaped conductor (for example, the gaps on both sides of the gap of the conductor surrounding a gap) are opposite in direction, they still fall within the definition of unidirectional distributed electric fields in the embodiments of the present application. In one embodiment, the electric field in the same direction between a conductor and the floor can mean that there is no reversal point between the electric field between the conductor and the floor. In one embodiment, the electric field in the opposite direction between a conductor and the floor can mean that there is at least one reversal point between the electric field between the conductor and the floor. In one embodiment, the electric field in the same direction between two conductors and the floor can mean that there is no reversal point between the electric field between the two conductors and the floor, and the electric fields between the two conductors and the floor radiate in the same direction (for example, the positive direction of the z-axis). In one embodiment, the electric fields between two conductors and the floor are in opposite directions, which means that the electric fields between the two conductors and the floor have no reverse points and flow in opposite directions. The electric fields between multiple conductors and the floor can be understood to be in the same or opposite directions accordingly.

[0083] Resonance / resonance frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the antenna / radiator mentioned in this application produces a "first / second... resonance", where the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can generate a corresponding fundamental mode resonance.

[0084] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0085] Communication frequency band / operating frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band operates between 2300MHz and 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating frequency band includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the required specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0086] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same, or may partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may overlap one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0087] Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0088] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0089] Wavelength: Or operating wavelength, this can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, if the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using 1955MHz. "Operating wavelength" is not limited to the center frequency; it can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0090] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in air can be calculated as follows: (wavelength in air, or wavelength in vacuum) = speed of light / frequency, where frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz) and the speed of light can be taken as 3×108 m / s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Wherein, ε is the relative dielectric constant of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "dielectric wavelength" can also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band. For ease of understanding, the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one or more sides of the radiator.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0092] The Smith chart is a computational diagram that plots a family of circles representing normalized input impedance (or admittance) equivalents on a reflection plane. This chart, consisting of three circles, is used to solve transmission line and certain waveguide problems using graphical methods, avoiding tedious calculations.

[0093] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

[0094] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power minus power loss; power loss primarily includes return loss and metal ohmic loss and / or dielectric loss. Radiation efficiency measures the antenna's radiation capability, and both metal loss and dielectric loss contribute to it.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0096] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the antenna port's transmitted power. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the greater the antenna's radiation efficiency. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0097] Antenna return loss can be expressed using the S11 parameter, a type of S parameter. S11 represents the reflection coefficient and characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is typically negative. A smaller S11 parameter indicates lower antenna return loss and less energy reflected back from the antenna itself, meaning more energy actually enters the antenna and higher system efficiency. A larger S11 parameter indicates greater antenna return loss and lower system efficiency.

[0098] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as a standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0099] Ground (GND): can generally refer to at least a part of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a part of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components, etc. "Ground" can be used for grounding components in an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board of an electronic device, or it can be the grounding plate formed by the middle frame of the electronic device, or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12 to 14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a routing layer, and the routing layer and the grounding layer are electrically connected through vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery, charging circuit, and system-on-chip (SoC) structures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board, or electrically connected to a trace layer and / or ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source can be located on a trace layer.

[0100] Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite-coated substrate, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate, and an aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the grounding layer / grounding plate / grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0101] Grounding refers to coupling to the ground / floor in any manner. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as physical grounding at a specific location on the frame using a portion of the midframe's structural components (or referred to as a physical ground). In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as through a series or parallel connection of a capacitor, inductor, or resistor (or referred to as a device ground).

[0102] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0103] As shown in FIG1 , electronic device 10 may include a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, cover 13 may be a glass cover or may be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material.

[0104] The cover plate 13 may be disposed closely against the display module 15 , and may be mainly used to protect the display module 15 and prevent dust.

[0105] In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0106] The middle frame 19 mainly supports the entire device. FIG1 shows that the PCB 17 is arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, the PCB 17 can also be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of a flame-resistant material (FR-4) dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, and so on. Here, FR-4 is a code for a grade of flame-resistant material, and the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on the PCB 17. In one embodiment, a metal layer can be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17. The metal layer can be used to ground the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, and can also be used to ground other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. The metal layer can be called a floor, a grounding plate, or a grounding layer. In one embodiment, the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any layer of the dielectric board in the PCB 17. In one embodiment, the metal layer used for grounding can be provided on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be considered the edge of its ground layer. In one embodiment, the metal middle frame 19 can also be used to ground the aforementioned components. The electronic device 10 may also have other floor / grounding plates / grounding layers, as previously described and will not be further described here.

[0107] The electronic device 10 may further include a battery (not shown). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery may be disposed between the main board and the sub-board. The main board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0108] The electronic device 10 may further include a frame 11, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The frame 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help fix the display module 15. In one implementation, the frame 11 made of a metal material may be directly used as a metal frame of the electronic device 10, forming the appearance of a metal frame, which is suitable for metal industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 may also be a non-metallic material, such as a plastic frame, to form the appearance of a non-metallic frame, which is suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0109] The middle frame 19 may include a border 11, and the middle frame 19 including the border 11 is an integral part that can support the electronic devices in the whole machine. The cover 13 and the back cover 21 are respectively covered along the upper and lower edges of the border to form a shell or housing (housing) of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 and / or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the shell or housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 or the middle frame 19, or to part or all of any combination of the cover 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 or the middle frame 19.

[0110] The frame 11 on the middle frame 19 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to transmit and receive radio frequency signals. A gap can exist between this portion of the frame serving as the radiator and the rest of the middle frame 19 to ensure a good radiation environment for the antenna radiator. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 can be provided with an aperture in this portion of the frame serving as the radiator to facilitate antenna radiation.

[0111] Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered as part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the frame 11 may be connected to the middle frame 19 and formed as one piece. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include a protrusion extending inward to be connected to the middle frame 19, for example, by means of a shrapnel, a screw, welding, etc. The protrusion of the frame 11 can also be used to receive a feed signal, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 serves as a radiator of the antenna to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. There may be a gap 42 between this portion of the frame that serves as the radiator and the middle frame 30, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, so that the antenna has a good signal transmission function.

[0112] The back cover 21 can be made of metal, non-conductive materials such as glass or plastic, or a combination of conductive and non-conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive back cover 21 can replace the middle frame 19 and integrate with the frame 11 to support the electronic components within the device.

[0113] It should be understood that there may be an insulating gap on the frame 11, and the conductor part of the frame between the two insulating gaps or the insulating gap and the grounding point serves as a radiator, thereby forming a frame antenna. Among them, when the frame 11 is formed of a conductive material such as metal, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap opened in the frame 11 filled with non-metallic material (insulating material). Moreover, the gap is visible on the exterior surface. When the outer surface of the frame 11 is a non-conductive material, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap between the conductor parts in the frame 11, and the gap can be filled with non-metallic material (insulating material), or it can be filled with air without being filled with non-metallic material. Moreover, the gap is not visible on the exterior surface.

[0114] In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 and / or the conductive parts in the back cover 21 can serve as a reference ground for the electronic device 10, wherein the frame 11, PCB 17, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the middle frame.

[0115] The antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be set in the frame 11. When the frame 11 of the electronic device 10 is a non-conductive material, the antenna radiator can be located in the electronic device 10 and arranged along the frame 11. For example, the antenna radiator is set close to the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna radiator and be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10 to achieve better signal transmission effect. It should be noted that the antenna radiator is set close to the frame 11 means that the antenna radiator can be set close to the frame 11, or it can be set close to the frame 11, for example, there can be a certain small gap between the antenna radiator and the frame 11.

[0116] The antenna of electronic device 10 may also be disposed within the housing, such as a bracket antenna or millimeter-wave antenna (not shown in FIG1 ). The clearance for the antenna disposed within the housing can be provided by a slot / opening in any of the middle frame, and / or the frame, and / or the back cover, and / or the display screen, or by a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any of these. The antenna clearance ensures the antenna's radiation characteristics. It should be understood that the antenna clearance can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive component within electronic device 10, through which the antenna radiates signals to the outside world. In one embodiment, antenna 40 may be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA). In one embodiment, the antenna may also be a transparent structure embedded within the screen of electronic device 10, such that the antenna is a transparent antenna unit embedded within the screen of electronic device 10.

[0117] FIG. 1 only schematically illustrates some components of the electronic device 10 , and the actual shapes, sizes, and structures of these components are not limited by FIG. 1 .

[0118] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the surface where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front surface, the surface where the back cover is located can be considered as the back surface, and the surface where the frame is located can be considered as the side surface.

[0119] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, when a user holds an electronic device (usually vertically and facing the screen), the electronic device is located at a position having a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side. It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, when a user holds an electronic device (usually vertically and facing the screen), the electronic device is located at a position having a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side.

[0120] First, Figures 2 and 3 will introduce the four antenna modes involved in this application. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the common mode mode of an antenna provided by this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the differential mode mode of another antenna provided by this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. The antenna radiator in Figures 2 and 3 is open at both ends, and its common mode mode and differential mode mode can be called a line common mode mode and a line differential mode mode, respectively.

[0121] 1. Slot CM mode

[0122] The radiator of the antenna 60 shown in FIG2(a) has a hollowed-out slot or gap 61, or the radiator of the antenna 60 and the ground (e.g., a floor, which can be a PCB) can enclose the slot or slot 61. The slot 61 can be formed by cutting a groove in the floor. An opening 62 is provided on one side of the slot 61, and the opening 62 can be specifically located in the middle of the side. The middle of the side of the slot 61 can be, for example, the geometric midpoint of the antenna 60, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, the area of ​​the opening 62 on the radiator covers the middle of the side. The opening 62 can be connected to the feed circuit, and antisymmetric feeding can be used. It should be understood that antisymmetric feeding can be understood as the positive and negative poles of the feed circuit being connected to the two ends of the radiator respectively. The signals output by the positive and negative poles of the feed circuit have the same amplitude and opposite phases, for example, a phase difference of 180°±10°.

[0123] Figure 2(b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of antenna 60. As shown in Figure 2(b), the current on the conductor surrounding slot 61 (e.g., the floor and / or radiator 60) is distributed in the same direction around slot 61. The electric field is distributed in opposite directions on either side of the center of slot 61, and the magnetic current is distributed in opposite directions on either side of the center of slot 61. As shown in Figure 2(b), the electric field at opening 62 (e.g., the feed point) is in the same direction, and the magnetic current at opening 62 (e.g., the feed point) is in the same direction. Based on the same direction of the magnetic current at opening 62 (the feed point), the feeding shown in Figure 2(a) can be referred to as slot CM feeding. Based on the same direction of current on the radiator on either side of opening 62 (e.g., antisymmetric distribution), or based on the same direction of current on the conductor surrounding slot 61 around slot 61, the antenna pattern shown in Figure 2(b) can be referred to as a slot CM mode (or simply CM mode, for example, for a slot antenna, the CM mode refers to the slot CM mode). The distribution of electric field, current, and magnetic current shown in FIG2( b ) can be referred to as the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the slot CM mode.

[0124] The magnetic field is weak in the middle of the antenna 60 and strong at both ends of the antenna 60. The electric field is strong in the middle of the antenna 60 (the highest point of the electric field is near the middle of the antenna 60) and weak at both ends of the antenna 60, as shown in FIG2(b).

[0125] 2. Slot DM mode

[0126] As shown in (a) of FIG3 , the radiator of the antenna 70 has a hollowed-out slot or gap 72, or the radiator of the antenna 70 and the ground (e.g., a floor, which can be a PCB) enclose the slot or slot 72. The slot 72 can be formed by cutting a slot in the floor. The middle position 71 of the slot 72 is connected to the feed circuit, and symmetrical feeding is adopted. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feed circuit being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, wherein the connection point between the feed circuit and the radiator (feeding point) is located at the center of the radiator. The center of the radiator can be, for example, the midpoint of the geometric structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or an area within a certain range near the above midpoint). The middle position of one side of the slot 72 is connected to the positive pole of the feed circuit, and the middle position of the other side of the slot 72 is connected to the negative pole of the feed circuit. The middle position of the side of the slot 72 can be, for example, the middle position of the slot antenna 60 / the middle position of the ground, such as the geometric midpoint of the slot antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, such as the connection between the feeding circuit and the radiator covering the middle position 51 of the side.

[0127] Figure 3(b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic flux distribution of antenna 70. As shown in Figure 3(b), on the conductor surrounding slot 72 (such as the floor and / or radiator 60), the current is distributed around slot 72 and in opposite directions on either side of the center of slot 72. The electric field is distributed in the same direction on either side of center 71, and the magnetic flux is distributed in the same direction on either side of center 71. The magnetic flux at the feed circuit is distributed in opposite directions (not shown). Due to the opposite distribution of magnetic flux at the feed circuit, the feeding shown in Figure 3(a) can be referred to as slot DM feeding. Due to the opposite current distribution (e.g., symmetrical distribution) on either side of the connection between the feed circuit and the radiator, or due to the opposite current distribution (e.g., symmetrical distribution) around slot 71, the antenna pattern shown in Figure 3(b) can be referred to as a slot DM mode (or simply DM mode, for example, for a slot antenna, the DM mode refers to the slot DM mode). The electric field, current, and magnetic flux distribution shown in Figure 3(b) can be referred to as the electric field, current, and magnetic flux of the slot DM mode.

[0128] The current is weak in the middle of the antenna 70 and strong at both ends of the antenna 70. The electric field is strong in the middle of the antenna 70 (the highest point of the electric field is near the middle of the antenna 60) and weak at both ends of the slot antenna 70, as shown in Figure 3(b).

[0129] It should be understood that the radiator of the antenna can be understood as a metal structure that generates radiation (for example, including a part of the floor), which can include an opening, as shown in FIG2, or it can be a complete ring, as shown in FIG3, and can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the slot CM mode, a complete ring radiator can be used as shown in FIG3, and two feeding points are set in the middle position of the radiator on one side of the slot 61 and an anti-symmetric feeding method is adopted. For example, signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases are fed into the two ends of the original opening position, and an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG2 can also be obtained. Correspondingly, for the slot DM mode, a radiator including an opening can also be used as shown in FIG2, and a symmetrical feeding method is adopted at both ends of the opening position. For example, the same feed source signal is fed into the two ends of the radiator on both sides of the opening, and an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG3 can also be obtained.

[0130] 3. Slot CM-DM mode.

[0131] FIG2 and FIG3 above respectively show that the slot structure uses different feeding methods to generate the slot CM mode and the slot DM mode respectively.

[0132] When the antenna uses asymmetric feeding (the feeding point deviates from the center, including side feeding or offset feeding), or the slot opening on one side is asymmetric (the opening deviates from the center of that side), the antenna can simultaneously produce a first resonance and a second resonance, corresponding to the slot CM mode and slot DM mode, respectively. For example, the first resonance corresponds to the slot CM mode, with the current, electric field, and magnetic flux distributions shown in Figure 2(b). The second resonance corresponds to the slot DM mode, with the current, electric field, and magnetic flux distributions shown in Figure 3(b).

[0133] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0134] As shown in FIG. 4 , the antenna 200 includes a first radiator 210 and a second radiator 220 .

[0135] The first end of the first radiator 210 and the first end of the second radiator 220 are opposite and do not contact each other. The second end of the second radiator 220 is coupled to the floor. The first and second ends of the first radiator 210 are open ends. The first end of the second radiator 220 is open end, and the second end is grounded.

[0136] The antenna 200 may further include a first electronic component 231 , a second electronic component 232 , and a feeding circuit 230 .

[0137] The first end of the first radiator 210 includes a first connection point 211, and the first end of the second radiator 220 includes a second connection point 212. The feed circuit 230 is coupled to the second connection point 212. The first end of the first electronic component 231 is coupled to the second connection point 212, and the second end is coupled to the ground. The first end of the second electronic component 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, and the second end is coupled to the second connection point 212.

[0138] It should be understood that when an electrical signal is fed into the feed circuit 230, the antenna 200 can simultaneously generate a first resonance and a second resonance in the slot CM-DM mode. The first resonance can correspond to the slot CM mode, and the second resonance can correspond to the slot DM mode. The resonances generated by the slot CM and slot DM modes can be brought close together to form a single resonant frequency band, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna 200.

[0139] Figures 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 4. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 4 at the first resonance, and Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 4 at the second resonance.

[0140] As shown in Figure 5, at the first resonance point, the current in the first radiator and the current in the second radiator are in opposite directions. Currents in opposite directions flow through the radiators on either side of the gap formed between the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator. The current distributions in the first and second radiators conform to the current characteristics of the slot CM mode.

[0141] As shown in Figure 6, at the second resonance point, the current flowing through the first radiator and the current flowing through the second radiator are in the same direction. Currents flowing through the radiators on either side of the gap formed between the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are in the same direction (in other words, there is no current reversal point on the radiators). The current distributions through the first and second radiators conform to the current characteristics of the slot DM mode.

[0142] FIG7 shows simulation results of the S parameters, radiation efficiency, and system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in FIG4 .

[0143] As shown in FIG. 7 , the antenna can resonate near 1.72 GHz (first resonance) and near 2.86 GHz (second resonance).

[0144] Near the resonance point of the first resonance, radiation efficiency and system efficiency are relatively good. However, because the currents in the slot CM mode and slot DM mode on the second radiator are in opposite directions (non-convergent), they partially cancel each other out. Consequently, near the resonance point of the second resonance (e.g., at a frequency greater than the resonance point of the second resonance), radiation efficiency and system efficiency decrease, resulting in a narrow bandwidth for the antenna's efficiency (radiation efficiency and system efficiency).

[0145] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device including an antenna. The antenna utilizes a conductive portion of the electronic device's frame as a radiator. A feeder is spaced apart from one side of the radiator, and the antenna feeds an electrical signal to the radiator through indirect coupling. The feeder can generate additional resonance, which can enhance the antenna's radiation characteristics, thereby providing the electronic device with excellent communication performance.

[0146] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0147] As shown in FIG. 8 , the electronic device 10 includes a frame 11 , an antenna 200 , and a floor 300 .

[0148] The frame 11 includes a first position 201 and a second position 202. The frame 11 is directly electrically connected to the floor 300 at the first position 201. The frame 11 defines a first insulating gap at the second position 202.

[0149] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, direct electrical connection can be understood as the presence of only connecting components (e.g., springs, metal ribs, etc.) between the frame 11 and the floor 300, without the presence of electronic components (e.g., capacitors, inductors, switches, etc.). For example, a grounding structure can be milled out of the electronic device through a process. Electrical connection to the floor 300 via a rib structure can be understood as at least a portion of the frame 11 being integral with the floor 300.

[0150] The antenna 200 includes a first radiator 210 , a feeding element 220 and a feeding circuit 230 .

[0151] The first radiator 210 is a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the first position 201 and the second position 202. The first radiator 210 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

[0152] The feeder 220 is spaced apart from the first radiator 210. A first end of the feeder 220 extends toward the first position 201. In one embodiment, the feeder 220 may be located inside the frame 11. The inside may be understood as the side of the frame 11 facing the interior of the electronic device 10. In the thickness direction of the electronic device 10, the feeder 220 may not overlap, partially overlap, or completely overlap the floor 300.

[0153] The first radiator 210 and the feeding element 220 at least partially overlap along a first direction perpendicular to the extension direction (e.g., x-direction) of the first radiator 210. In one embodiment, the projection of the feeding element 220 on the frame 11 is located between the first position 201 and the second position 202.

[0154] In one embodiment, the extending direction of the first radiator 210 is the same as the extending direction of the feeding element 220 .

[0155] The extension direction of the first radiator 210 and the extension direction of the feeding element 220 being in the same direction can be understood as the angle between the extension direction of the first radiator 210 and the extension direction of the feeding element 220 is less than or equal to a first threshold, for example, less than or equal to 10°.

[0156] The feeding element 220 includes a feeding point 221 . The feeding circuit 230 is coupled to the feeding point 221 to feed the antenna 200 with a radio frequency signal.

[0157] A ratio of a length of the feed 220 between the feed point 221 and the first end of the feed 220 to a length of the feed 220 between the feed point 221 and the second end of the feed 220 is greater than or equal to 4. In one embodiment, a ratio of a length of the feed 220 between the feed point 221 and the first end of the feed 220 to a length of the feed 220 between the feed point 221 and the second end of the feed 220 is greater than or equal to 6. In one embodiment, a ratio of a length of the feed 220 between the feed point 221 and the first end of the feed 220 to a length of the feed 220 between the feed point 221 and the second end of the feed 220 is greater than or equal to 8.

[0158] It should be understood that the length of the feeder 220 between the feed point 221 and the first end of the feeder 220 can be understood as the distance between the feed point 221 and the end of the first end of the feeder 220 (the length of the feeder 220). Similar expressions in the embodiments of the present application can be understood accordingly, and for the sake of brevity, they are not repeated one by one.

[0159] At the same time, the distance from a "point" (e.g., feeding point 221) described in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as the distance from the center of the position. For example, if the feeding point 221 is connected to the feeding point 221 by a feeding element, the distance from the feeding point 221 can be understood as the distance from the center of the end of the feeding element connected to the feeding point 221.

[0160] The length of the frame 11 between the projection of the feed point 221 on the frame 11 and the second position is less than or equal to one-quarter the length of the first radiator 210. In one embodiment, the length of the frame 11 between the projection of the feed point 221 on the frame 11 and the second position is less than or equal to one-eighth the length of the first radiator 210. In one embodiment, the projection of the feed point 221 on the frame 11 may be located on the first radiator 210. In one embodiment, the projection of the feed point 221 on the frame 11 may also be located outside the first radiator 210 and not overlap with the first radiator.

[0161] In one embodiment, the first radiator 210 and the feed element 220 are configured to generate a first resonance, wherein the resonant frequency band of the first resonance includes the first communication frequency band. The feed element 220 is also configured to generate a second resonance. In one embodiment, the second resonance is configured to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 in the first communication frequency band.

[0162] It should be understood that the communication frequency band of the electronic device 10 can be understood as a frequency range including a frequency band in which the electronic device 10 can communicate, such as a low frequency band (LB) (698MHz-960MHz), a middle frequency band (MB) (1710MHz-2170MHz), or a high frequency band (HB) (2300MHz-2690MHz) in a cellular network. Taking the communication frequency band of the electronic device 10 as LB (698MHz-960MHz) as an example, the frequency band can include multiple communication frequency bands within the frequency range, such as B5, B8, etc., which can be understood accordingly in the embodiments of the present application.

[0163] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first end (the end at the first position 201) of the first radiator 210 is grounded, and the second end (the end at the second position 202) is open. A strong current and a weak electric field exist near the first end of the first radiator 210. A strong electric field and a weak current exist near the second end of the first radiator 210.

[0164] The first end of the feeder 220 (the end away from the feed point 221 and extending toward the first position 201) and the second end (the end close to the feed point 221 and the second position 202) are open ends. There is a strong electric field and a weak current near both the first and second ends of the feeder 220. However, because the feed point 221 is close to the second end of the feeder 220, the area near the first end of the feeder 220 is a high-impedance region and the area near the second end is a low-impedance region. Therefore, the electric field near the first end of the feeder 220 is stronger than the electric field near the second end, and the electric field near the first end of the feeder 220 is stronger.

[0165] The first end of the first radiator 210 is close to the first end of the feed element 220, and the area of ​​the first radiator 210 with a weaker electric field (stronger magnetic field) is close to the area of ​​the feed element 220 with a stronger electric field (stronger magnetic field). This can ensure a more balanced first resonance and second resonance, and the second resonance does not produce a drop in radiation efficiency. Furthermore, because the feed element 220 can generate a second resonance, part of the current on the first radiator 210 can be coupled to the feed element 220, expanding the current path and effectively increasing the radiation aperture of the antenna 200, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 and providing the electronic device 10 with better communication performance.

[0166] In one embodiment, a frequency difference between a resonance point frequency of the first resonance and a resonance point frequency of the second resonance is less than or equal to 500 MHz.

[0167] It should be understood that the resonance point of the second resonance can be located within the first communication frequency band or outside the first communication frequency band (for example, higher than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, or lower than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance). The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. When the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is within the above range, the antenna 200 can have better radiation characteristics.

[0168] In one embodiment, the distance D between the first radiator 210 and the feeder 220 is less than or equal to 5 mm, so as to achieve good coupling characteristics between the first radiator 210 and the feeder 220. In one embodiment, the distance D between the first radiator 210 and the feeder 220 is less than or equal to 2 mm. In one embodiment, the distance D between the first radiator 210 and the feeder 220 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0169] It should be understood that the distance D between the first radiator 210 and the feeder 220 may be understood as the average of the minimum distances between all points on the edge of the first radiator 210 facing the feeder 220 and points on the feeder 220 .

[0170] In one embodiment, an electronic component may be coupled between the first end of the feeder 220 and the floor to adjust the impedance characteristics (eg, electric field distribution) of the first end of the feeder 220 .

[0171] It should be understood that when the electronic component is located at the first end of the feeder 220, the first end of the feeder 220 and the floor 300 cannot be equivalent to a short circuit. Therefore, the electronic component can be equivalent to a capacitor, and its equivalent capacitance value is less than or equal to 1pF.

[0172] In one embodiment, the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the feeding element 220 satisfy: L1×50%≤L2≤L1×150%.

[0173] It should be understood that when the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the feeder 220 are within the above ranges, good coupling is achieved between the first radiator 210 and the feeder 220 , and the antenna 200 has good radiation characteristics.

[0174] In one embodiment, the feeder 220 is strip-shaped. "Strip-shaped" can be understood as having a length that is much greater than its width, for example, a length greater than three times or six times its width. In one embodiment, the smallest dimension of the three-dimensional dimensions of the feeder 220 is its thickness. For example, in one embodiment, when the feeder 220 can be disposed on a surface of a bracket, the dimension perpendicular to the bracket surface is its thickness. The three-dimensional dimensions of the feeder 220, excluding the thickness, can be understood as length and width.

[0175] In one embodiment, antenna 200 may further include a tuning circuit 240, one end of which may be coupled to a connection point of first radiator 210. Tuning circuit 240 may include a variable device (variable capacitor, variable inductor, etc.) or a switch to switch the equivalent capacitance or equivalent inductance of an electronic component coupled to the connection point. In one embodiment, the connection point may be located at the second end of first radiator 210. The second end of first radiator 210 is open and has a strong electric field, resulting in a wide tuning range.

[0176] In one embodiment, the electronic device includes a middle frame 19, which includes the aforementioned frame 11 and a middle plate 301, as shown in FIG9. In one embodiment, the middle plate 301 is electrically connected to the floor 300 at multiple locations. In one embodiment, the middle plate 301 can be considered as part of the floor 300.

[0177] In one embodiment, the frame 11 is electrically connected to the middle plate 301 via a connecting rib structure (not shown in the figure), and the frame 11 can be coupled to the floor 300 via the connecting rib structure (eg, a grounding connector).

[0178] The connecting rib structure is connected between the frame 11 and the middle plate 301 and is integrally formed with the frame 11 and the middle plate 301. For the sake of simplicity, the grounding connectors described in the embodiments of the present application can be understood accordingly.

[0179] In one embodiment, the electronic device may further include a battery 302. The middle frame 19 further includes a battery compartment 303, which is located on the middle plate 301. The battery 302 is located on the middle plate 301, within the space enclosed by the battery compartment 303.

[0180] In one embodiment, the power feeder 220 may be located on a bracket and between the battery 302 and the frame 11 .

[0181] In one embodiment, a portion of the battery compartment 303 can serve as a power feeder. The battery compartment 303 has two insulating gaps on its side facing the first radiator 210, and the conductor portion between the two insulating gaps can serve as a power feeder 220, as shown in FIG9 .

[0182] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0183] As shown in Figure 10, frame 11 includes a first position 201, a second position 202, and a third position 203, which are sequentially arranged. Second position 202 is located between first position 201 and third position 203. Frame 11 defines a first insulating gap in second position 202 and a second insulating gap in third position 203, respectively. Frame 11 is directly electrically connected to floor 300 at first position 201.

[0184] The antenna 200 includes a first radiator 210 , a second radiator 240 , a feeding element 220 , a first electronic component 231 , and a second electronic component 232 .

[0185] The first radiator 210 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the first position 201 and the second position 202. The second radiator 240 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the second position 202 and the third position 203. The length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy the following conditions: 0.5 × L2 < L1 < 1.5 × L2. In one embodiment, the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy the following conditions: L1 × 66% < L2 < L1 × 150%. For example, the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy the following conditions: L1 × 80% ≤ L2 ≤ L1 × 120%.

[0186] The second end of the first radiator 210 (the end at the second position 202) includes a first connection point 211. The first end of the second radiator 240 includes a second connection point 212 and a third connection point 213. The second end of the first radiator 210 and the first end of the second radiator 240 face each other through a first insulating gap and do not contact each other.

[0187] It should be understood that the second end of the first radiator 210 and the first end of the second radiator 240 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, which means that the second end face of the first radiator and the first end face of the second radiator 240 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other. The first end / second end of the radiator described in the embodiment of the present application refers to the portion of the radiator within a range of 5 mm (including 5 mm) from the end face of the end. It should be understood that the point included in the first end / second end of the radiator (e.g., the connection point or feeding point) can be understood as the length of the radiator (frame) between the point (e.g., the connection point or feeding point) and the end / end face of the radiator is less than or equal to 5 mm. In one embodiment, when a metal component such as a metal spring is coupled to the point (e.g., the connection point or feeding point), it can be understood as the length of the radiator (frame) between the end / end face of the radiator connected to the metal component and the point (e.g., the connection point or feeding point).

[0188] A first end of the first electronic component 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211, and a second end of the first electronic component 231 is coupled to the second connection point 212. A first end of the second electronic component 232 is coupled to the third connection point 213, and a second end of the second electronic component 232 is coupled to the floor 300.

[0189] The feeding element 220 is spaced apart from the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 240. In one embodiment, the extending direction of the feeding element 220 is the same as the extending direction of the first radiator 210 and the extending direction of the second radiator 240.

[0190] The feed element 220, the first radiator 210, and the second radiator 240 are configured to generate a first resonance and a third resonance, which are configured to jointly support the first communication frequency band of the electronic device 10. The feed element 220 is also configured to generate a second resonance. In one embodiment, the second resonance is configured to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 in the first communication frequency band.

[0191] It should be understood that the difference between the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 10 and the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 8 lies only in the second radiator 240 , the first electronic component 231 and the second electronic component 232 .

[0192] Due to the provision of the second radiator 240, the first electronic component 231 and the second electronic component 232, when the feeding circuit 230 feeds an electrical signal, the antenna 200 can additionally generate the above-mentioned third resonance. The first resonance and the third resonance expand the working bandwidth of the antenna 200 and jointly support the first communication frequency band of the electronic device 10.

[0193] The second end of the first radiator 210 is coupled to the ground 300 and connected to the ground. The second end of the second radiator 240 is open. Furthermore, when the feed circuit 230 feeds an electrical signal, the antenna 200 can generate the first and third resonances, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna 200.

[0194] For the sake of simplicity, parts of the antenna 200 shown in FIG10 that are similar to those of the antenna 200 shown in FIG8 are not described one by one. For example, the similar parts include the relative position relationship between the position of the first radiator 210 and the feeding element 220; the position of the feeding point 221; the boundary conditions of the feeding element 220 (open end or ground end); the shape of the feeding element 220, for example, a strip shape; the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance; and so on.

[0195] In one embodiment, when the second resonance is not located between the first resonance and the third resonance, the first resonance and the third resonance can be close to each other so that the first resonance and the third resonance are used to jointly support the first communication frequency band of the electronic device 10. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the third resonance is within the range of 5% to 20% of the low-frequency resonance frequency or the high-frequency resonance frequency (greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 20%). In one embodiment, in the low-frequency band (e.g., 698MHz-960MHz), the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is greater than or equal to 50MHz and less than or equal to 160MHz. In the medium-frequency band (e.g., 1710MHz-2170MHz), the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is greater than or equal to 120MHz and less than or equal to 300MHz. In the high-frequency band (e.g., 2300MHz-2690MHz), the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is greater than or equal to 160MHz and less than or equal to 500MHz.

[0196] In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 240 (the current on the radiators on both sides of the first insulation gap) have the same direction, and each radiator distributes current in the same direction (or, in other words, there is no current reversal point). In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the third resonance, the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 240 (the current on the radiators on both sides of the first insulation gap) have the same direction, and each radiator distributes current in the same direction (or, in other words, there is no current reversal point).

[0197] It should be understood that the above-mentioned current same direction can be understood as the current flowing from one end to the other end. For example, the current on the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 240 flows from the first position 201 (the first end of the first radiator 210) to the third position 203 (the second end of the second radiator 240), or from the third position 203 (the second end of the second radiator 240) to the first position 201 (the first end of the first radiator 210). Alternatively, the above-mentioned current same direction can be understood as the current is distributed in the same direction along the path of the current flow, and there is no current reversal point. For the sake of simplicity, the current same direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be understood accordingly.

[0198] It should be understood that due to the small clearance of antenna 200 (for example, the distance between first radiator 210, second radiator 240 and the floor is less than or equal to 2 mm), first radiator 210 and second radiator 240 can form a radiator structure similar to a slot antenna. The first and third resonances can both be considered to be generated by the slot CM mode. Since the slot CM mode has high radiation efficiency and system efficiency, the antenna has good radiation efficiency and system efficiency within the operating frequency band formed by the first and third resonances.

[0199] In one embodiment, the second position 202 and the third position 203 are located on the first side of the frame 11. The length between the second position 202 and the center of the first side is the same as the length between the third position 203 and the center of the first side, and the lengths of the first side on both sides of the center are the same.

[0200] It should be understood that the symmetry of the second position 202 (first insulating gap) and the third position 203 (second insulating gap) (for example, symmetry along the center position of the first side) can increase the symmetry of the antenna 200, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 (for example, working bandwidth).

[0201] At the same time, the symmetry between the second position 202 (first insulating gap) and the third position 203 (second insulating gap) can enhance the aesthetics of the electronic device 10 .

[0202] In one embodiment, the symmetry between the second position 202 (first insulating gap) and the third position 203 (second insulating gap) may have partial redundancy in engineering applications. For example, when the length between the second position 202 and the center position of the first side differs from the length between the third position 203 and the center position of the first side within a range of 10%, they can be considered to be within the same length range. Alternatively, the above redundancy is determined according to different device types. When the electronic device 10 is a mobile phone, the length between the second position 202 and the center position of the first side differs from the length between the third position 203 and the center position of the first side within a range of 2 mm, which can be considered to be within the same length range. When the electronic device 10 is a tablet / notebook, the length between the second position 202 and the center position of the first side differs from the length between the third position 203 and the center position of the first side within a range of 5 mm, which can be considered to be within the same length range.

[0203] In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the third resonance, the intensity of the current on the first radiator 210 is different from the intensity of the current on the second radiator 240. In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the intensity of the current on the first radiator 210 is greater than the intensity of the current on the second radiator 240. In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the third resonance, the intensity of the current on the first radiator 210 is less than the intensity of the current on the second radiator 240.

[0204] It should be understood that the current intensity described in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as the density of the current, and a high current intensity can be understood as a more dense current. In simulation results, a high current intensity can be understood as a large current amplitude / value. For example, in a simulation result of a current distribution, when the current intensity is high, it is usually red, or there are more dense current arrows near the area with high current intensity.

[0205] In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the third resonance, the intensity of the electric field generated near the first radiator 210 is different from the intensity of the electric field generated near the second radiator 240. In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the intensity of the electric field generated near the first radiator 210 is greater than the intensity of the electric field generated near the second radiator 240. In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the third resonance, the intensity of the electric field generated near the first radiator 210 is less than the intensity of the electric field generated near the second radiator 240.

[0206] It should be understood that the intensity of the electric field described in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as the density of the electric field, and a high intensity of the electric field can be understood as a denser electric field. In the simulation results, a high intensity of the electric field can be understood as a large amplitude / value of the electric field. For example, in a simulation result of an electric field distribution, when the intensity of the electric field is high, it is usually red, or there are denser electric field arrows near an area with a high intensity of the electric field (for example, between the radiator and the floor).

[0207] It should be understood that the first resonance is caused by the first radiator 210 as the main radiator (the current on the first radiator 210 or the electric field generated is relatively strong), and the third resonance is caused by the second radiator 240 as the main radiator (the current on the second radiator 240 or the electric field generated is relatively strong).

[0208] At the same time, because the first resonance is performed by the first radiator 210 as the primary radiator, and the third resonance is performed by the second radiator 240 as the primary radiator, the radiator farther from the body can be used as the primary radiator when the user holds the electronic device with either the left or right hand. In this case, the user's grip on the electronic device will not significantly affect the radiation characteristics of the antenna.

[0209] In one embodiment, the first electronic component 231 is a capacitive component, and the equivalent capacitance of the first electronic component 231 is less than or equal to 2 pF.

[0210] In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being less than or equal to 1 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 231 is greater than 1.5 pF and less than or equal to 2 pF. In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being greater than 1 GHz and less than or equal to 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 231 is greater than 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 1.5 pF. In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being greater than 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 231 is less than or equal to 0.5 pF.

[0211] In one embodiment, the first electronic component 231 is an inductive component, and the equivalent inductance of the first electronic component 231 is less than or equal to 10 nH.

[0212] In one embodiment, the second electronic component 232 is a capacitive component, and the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component 232 is less than or equal to 5pF. In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being less than or equal to 1GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component 232 is greater than 3pF and less than or equal to 5pF. In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being greater than 1GHz and less than or equal to 3GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component 232 is greater than 0.5pF and less than or equal to 3pF. In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being greater than 3GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component 232 is less than or equal to 0.5pF.

[0213] In one embodiment, the second electronic component 232 is an inductive component, and the equivalent inductance of the second electronic component 232 is less than or equal to 3 nH.

[0214] It should be understood that the first electronic component 231 can be used to determine the radiation characteristics (e.g., the resonant frequency) of the antenna 200 when it generates the first resonance. The second electronic component 232 can be used to adjust the grounding state of the first end of the second radiator 240, thereby determining the radiation characteristics (e.g., the resonant frequency) of the antenna 200 when it generates the third resonance.

[0215] The second end of the first radiator 210 is open. When an electrical signal is fed into the feed circuit 230, a strong electric field (the magnetic field is much smaller than the electric field) is generated near the second end of the first radiator 210. The first end of the second radiator 240 and the second end of the first radiator 210 can generate a first resonance through electric field coupling. The first end of the second radiator 240 is coupled to the floor 300 via the second electronic component 232. A strong magnetic field (the electric field is much smaller than the magnetic field) is generated near the first end of the second radiator 240, which couples with the magnetic field at the second end of the first radiator 210 to generate a third resonance.

[0216] In one embodiment, when the second electronic component 232 is a capacitive element, the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the third resonance. In one embodiment, when the second electronic component 232 is an inductive element, the resonant frequency of the first resonance is higher than the resonant frequency of the third resonance. In one embodiment, the second electronic component 232 is an adjustable capacitor or an adjustable inductor.

[0217] In one embodiment, the first electronic component 231 may be an adjustable component to switch the resonant point frequency of the resonance. In one embodiment, the first electronic component 231 may include a switch and multiple capacitors or inductors, and the switch and the multiple capacitors or inductors are connected in series and coupled between the first connection point and the second connection point. For example, the switch may be coupled between the connection point and the multiple capacitors or inductors. In one embodiment, the first electronic component 231 may be a tuner.

[0218] It should be understood that the adjustable elements (eg, the second electronic element) described in the embodiments of the present application may all adopt the same structure, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be described one by one.

[0219] In one embodiment, the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1×90%≤L2≤L1×110%.

[0220] In one embodiment, the third connection point 213 coincides with the second connection point 212. Coincidence can be understood as the first electronic component 231 and the second electronic component 232 being coupled to the second radiator 240 via the same connection component, and the coincidence described in the embodiments of the present application can be understood accordingly.

[0221] In one embodiment, the antenna may further include a third electronic component 233, as shown in FIG11 . The second end of the second radiator 240 includes a fourth connection point 214. A first end of the third electronic component 233 is coupled to the fourth connection point 214, and a second end of the third electronic component 233 is coupled to the floor 300.

[0222] It should be understood that the third electronic component 233 can be used to simultaneously determine the radiation characteristics (e.g., the resonant point frequencies) of the antenna 200 when generating the first resonance and the third resonance. In one embodiment, the fourth connection point 214 can be coupled to the floor 300, and no electronic components are provided between the fourth connection point 214 and the floor 300.

[0223] At the same time, the third electronic component 233 can also be used to adjust the balance between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 240 when the antenna 200 resonates.

[0224] Among them, the balance between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 240 can be understood as reducing the difference in the intensity of the electric field generated by the first radiator 210 (the intensity of the current) and the intensity of the electric field generated by the second radiator 240 (the intensity of the current) when the antenna 200 resonates, so that when the user holds the electronic device 10 in the left hand or the right hand, the impact on the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 is roughly the same, and the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 will not be significantly different due to different holding postures of the user.

[0225] In one embodiment, the third electronic component 233 is an adjustable capacitor.

[0226] It should be understood that the third electronic component 233 may be an adjustable component to switch the radiation characteristics (eg, the resonance point frequency) of the antenna 200 when generating the first resonance and the third resonance.

[0227] In one embodiment, the second position 202 and the third position 203 are located at the bottom of the electronic device 10 (the second position 202 and the third position 203 are located at the first side of the frame, which is the bottom side), as shown in Figure 12. The charging interface 260 of the electronic device 10 is located between the second position 202 and the third position 203. The charging interface 260 can be used to electrically connect to external connection components to enable functions such as charging and data transmission of the electronic device 10.

[0228] It should be understood that when charging port 260 is charging, a strong current will be generated near charging port 260. Because a portion of the charging port is located on the second radiator 240 and the antenna feeder 220 is close to the first radiator 210, the charging port 260 has little effect on the antenna's radiation characteristics.

[0229] At the same time, the first position 201 can be located on the same side of the frame 11 as the second position 202 and the third position 203 (the second radiator 240 is in a straight line shape), or the first position 201 can be located on a different side of the frame 11 as the second position 202 and the third position 203 (the first radiator 210 is in a broken line shape). The embodiments of the present application do not impose any restrictions on this and can be selected according to actual production or setting.

[0230] Figures 13 to 15 show simulation results for antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 10. Figure 13 shows a Smith chart of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 10. Figure 14 shows S-parameter simulation results for antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 10. Figure 15 shows radiation efficiency simulation results for antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 10.

[0231] As shown in FIG13 , between 1.6 GHz and 3 GHz, the curve has three intersections with the real axis (the imaginary part is zero, and when the imaginary part is zero, the antenna resonates). Correspondingly, the antenna 200 shown in FIG10 can generate three resonances between 1.6 GHz and 3 GHz.

[0232] As shown in Figure 14, the antenna resonates near 1.77 GHz, 2.43 GHz, and 2.68 GHz. The resonance near 1.77 GHz corresponds to the first resonance in the aforementioned embodiment, the resonance near 2.43 GHz corresponds to the second resonance in the aforementioned embodiment, and the resonance near 2.68 GHz corresponds to the third resonance in the aforementioned embodiment. The second resonance can be located between the first and third resonances to increase the bandwidth of the resonant frequency band formed by the first and third resonances.

[0233] As shown in Figure 15, both the first and third resonances are generated by the slot CM mode. Within the resonant frequency band, the antenna has good radiation efficiency. Furthermore, the second resonance is located between the first and third resonances, without introducing an efficiency pit, further expanding the antenna's efficiency bandwidth.

[0234] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: floor; A frame, the frame comprising a first position and a second position, the frame being directly electrically connected to the floor at the first position; The frame has a first insulating gap at the second position; An antenna, comprising: A first radiator, wherein the first radiator is a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, and the first radiator is spaced apart from the floor; A feeder, wherein the feeder is spaced apart from the first radiator, a first end of the feeder extends toward the first position, an extending direction of the feeder is in the same direction as an extending direction of the first radiator, and a first end and a second end of the feeder are open ends; A feeding circuit, the feeding element comprising a feeding point, the feeding circuit being coupled to the feeding point; wherein a ratio of a length of the feeder between the feed point and the first end of the feeder to a length of the feeder between the feed point and the second end of the feeder is greater than or equal to 4; The length of the frame between the projection of the feeding point on the frame and the second position is less than or equal to one quarter of the length of the first radiator.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiator and the feeding element are used to generate a first resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the first resonance includes a first communication frequency band; The feeding element is further used to generate a second resonance, and the second resonance is used to improve the radiation efficiency of the first communication frequency band.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A frequency difference between a resonance point frequency of the first resonance and a resonance point frequency of the second resonance is less than or equal to 500 MHz.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The frame further includes a third position, the first position, the second position and the third position are sequentially arranged on the frame, and the frame has a second insulating gap at the third position; The antenna also includes: A second radiator, wherein the second radiator includes a conductive portion of the frame between the second position and the third position, and a length L1 of the first radiator and a length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: 0.5×L2<L1<1.5×L2; A first electronic component and a second electronic component, wherein the first end of the first radiator includes a first connection point, the first end of the second radiator includes a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the first electronic component is coupled to the first connection point, the second end of the first electronic component is coupled to the second connection point, the first end of the second electronic component is coupled to the third connection point, the second end of the second electronic component is coupled to the floor, and the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are opposite to each other through the first insulating gap and do not contact each other.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding element, the first radiator, and the second radiator are used to generate the first resonance and the third resonance, and the first resonance and the third resonance are used to jointly support the first communication frequency band.

6. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second end of the second radiator includes a fourth connection point, and the fourth connection point is coupled to the floor, or a third electronic component is electrically connected between the fourth connection point and the floor.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The first electronic component is a capacitive component, Based on the fact that the center frequency of the first communication frequency band is less than or equal to 1 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component is greater than 1.5 pF and less than or equal to 2 pF, Based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being greater than 1 GHz and less than or equal to 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component being greater than 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 1.5 pF, or, The first electronic component is an inductive component, and the equivalent inductance of the second electronic component is less than or equal to 10 nH.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The second electronic component is a capacitive component, Based on the fact that the center frequency of the first communication frequency band is less than or equal to 1 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component is greater than 3 pF and less than or equal to 5 pF, Based on the fact that the center frequency of the first communication frequency band is greater than 1 GHz and less than or equal to 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component is greater than 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF, Based on the center frequency of the first communication frequency band being greater than 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component being less than or equal to 0.5 pF, or, The second electronic component is an inductive component, and an equivalent inductance value of the second electronic component is less than or equal to 3 nH.

9. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: The second position and the third position are located at a first side of the frame; The length of the frame between the first position and the center position of the first side is the same as the length of the frame between the second position and the center position of the first side.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a charging interface; The first side is the bottom side of the electronic device, and a portion of the charging interface is located between the second position and the third position.

11. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that: The first communication frequency band includes at least part of the frequency band of 1710 MHz-2170 MHz, and at least part of the frequency band of 2300 MHz-2690 MHz.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that: The first electronic component includes a first switch and a plurality of first capacitors; The first switch and the first capacitor are connected in series and coupled between the first connection point and the second connection point.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that: The second electronic component includes a second switch and a plurality of second capacitors; The second switch and the second capacitor are connected in series and coupled between the third connection point and the floor.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4 to 13, characterized in that: At the resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction; At the resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that: At the resonance point of the first resonance, the intensity of the current on the first radiator is greater than the intensity of the current on the second radiator; At the resonance point of the second resonance, the intensity of the current on the first radiator is smaller than the intensity of the current on the second radiator.

16. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The equivalent capacitance value of the third electronic component is less than or equal to 1 pF.

17. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4 to 16, characterized in that: The length L1 of the first radiator and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1×80%≤L2≤L1×120%.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: A distance D between the first radiator and the feeding element is less than or equal to 5 mm.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that: A distance D between the first radiator and the feeding element is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.

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