Acoustic absorber

Abstract

The invention relates to an acoustic absorber (1) comprising a porous absorber (2) for a noise barrier wall (21) and proposes for at least one groove (3) for receiving and supporting at least one edge (13) of a planar solar panel (4) to be provided in the porous absorber (2).

Description

[0001] sound absorbers

[0002] The invention relates to a sound absorber according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

[0003] It is known to install sound absorbers near roads, for example to create a noise barrier, or at underground car park entrances to reduce noise.

[0004] Furthermore, the use of photovoltaic modules for energy generation is known, with photovoltaic modules already being installed on noise barriers.

[0005] A disadvantage of combining conventional photovoltaic modules with noise barriers is that the mounting of the photovoltaic modules on the noise barriers is not coordinated, so that the photovoltaic modules often have to be attached to the noise barriers in a very complicated way. Often, photovoltaic modules can only be attached to the noise barrier after it has been completely erected, which results in unnecessary time and expense. Furthermore, conventional photovoltaic modules usually have sound-hard surfaces, which makes such photovoltaic modules very poorly suited for sound absorption and sound insulation.

[0006] The object of the invention is therefore to provide a sound absorber of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the disadvantages mentioned can be avoided, with which effective sound absorption and sound insulation is enabled and the arrangement of a photovoltaic module is facilitated.

[0007] According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.

[0008] This results in the advantage that the sound absorber provides effective sound absorption and sound insulation, while at the same time significantly facilitating the arrangement and attachment of a photovoltaic module to the sound absorber. This eliminates the need for laborious installation of a photovoltaic module using a complex fastening device or a multitude of fastening elements rigidly embedded in the porous absorber, such as dowels and screws. Because the edge of a plate-shaped photovoltaic module can be received and supported in the at least one groove, rigid attachment of this part of the photovoltaic module to the porous absorber is unnecessary, thereby improving the sound absorption and sound insulation of the sound absorber compared to rigid attachment of the photovoltaic module to the sound absorber.As a result, when attaching a photovoltaic module to the sound absorber, the edge of the photovoltaic module only needs to be inserted into the at least one groove and fixed in another way on the opposite side of the groove, for example by means of an adhesive, a screw, or a clamp. This also allows a larger surface area to be used for attaching the photovoltaic module to the porous absorber, which in particular makes it easier or even possible to attach the photovoltaic module to particularly porous absorbers with low strength. Furthermore, a larger surface area for sound absorption can be formed on the sound absorber when a photovoltaic module is attached to the sound absorber, since a sound-hard surface of the photovoltaic module attached to the sound absorber can be reduced by at least the edge of the photovoltaic module being inserted into the at least one groove.

[0009] The invention further relates to a soundproofing system according to claim 14.

[0010] The invention further relates to a noise barrier according to claim 15.

[0011] The subclaims relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

[0012] The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which only preferred embodiments are shown by way of example. In the drawings:

[0013] Fig. 1 shows a first preferred embodiment of a sound absorber in side view from the left,

[0014] Fig. 2 shows the first preferred embodiment of the sound absorber shown in Fig. 1 in front view, Fig. 3 shows the first preferred embodiment of the sound absorber shown in Fig. 1 in bottom view.

[0015] Fig. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of a noise barrier with a supporting structure and sound absorbers attached to the supporting structure in a bottom view,

[0016] Fig. 5 shows the preferred embodiment of the noise barrier shown in Fig. 4 in rear view,

[0017] Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the preferred embodiment of the noise barrier shown in Figs. 4 and 5,

[0018] Fig. 7 shows a second preferred embodiment of a sound absorber in side view from the left.

[0019] 1 to 7 show at least parts of a preferred embodiment of a sound absorber 1 comprising a porous absorber 2 for a noise barrier 21, wherein at least one groove 3 is formed in the porous absorber 2 for receiving and supporting at least one edge 13 of a plate-shaped photovoltaic module 4.

[0020] Furthermore, Fig. 1 shows at least parts of a sound insulation system 12 comprising at least one sound absorber 1 according to the invention and at least one photovoltaic module 4, wherein at least one edge 13 of the plate-shaped photovoltaic module 4 is received and supported in the at least one groove 3.

[0021] Furthermore, a noise barrier 21 comprising the sound insulation system 12 according to the invention is provided. A preferred embodiment of the noise barrier 21 with a support structure 22 and sound absorbers 1 according to the invention attached to the support structure 22 is shown in Figs. 4 to 6, wherein Fig. 4 shows a bottom view of the noise barrier 21, Fig. 5 shows a rear view of the noise barrier 21, and Fig. 6 shows a cross-section of the noise barrier 21.

[0022] This results in the advantage that the sound absorber 1 has effective sound absorption and sound insulation, while at the same time significantly facilitating the arrangement and attachment of a photovoltaic module 4 to the sound absorber 1. As a result, a photovoltaic module 4 does not have to be laboriously attached using a complex fastening device or using a multitude of fastening elements rigidly inserted into the porous absorber 2, such as dowels and screws inserted into the porous absorber 2. Because the edge 13 of a plate-shaped photovoltaic module 4 can be received and supported in the at least one groove 3, a rigid attachment of this part of the photovoltaic module 4 to the porous absorber 2 can be omitted, whereby the sound absorption and sound insulation of the sound absorber 1 can be improved compared to a rigid attachment of the photovoltaic module 4 to the sound absorber 1.As a result, when attaching a photovoltaic module 4 to the sound absorber 1, the edge 13 of the photovoltaic module 4 only needs to be inserted into the at least one groove 3 and secured in another way on the opposite side of the groove 3, for example, by means of an adhesive, a screw, or a clamp. This also allows a larger surface area to be used for attaching the photovoltaic module 4 to the porous absorber 2, which in particular facilitates or even enables the attachment of the photovoltaic module 4 to particularly porous absorbers 2 with low strength.Furthermore, a larger surface for sound absorption can be formed on the sound absorber 1 when a photovoltaic module 4 is attached to the sound absorber 1, since a sound-hard surface of the photovoltaic module 4 attached to the sound absorber 1 can be reduced by at least the edge 13 of the photovoltaic module 4 being introduced into the at least one groove 3.

[0023] The sound absorber 1 according to the invention is a device for reducing sound energy. The sound is intended to be absorbed by the sound absorber 1, in other words, "absorbed" or "sucked up."

[0024] The sound absorber 1 is suitable for use on a noise barrier 21.

[0025] Preferably, the sound absorber 1 can be attached to a wall or can be manufactured with a supporting layer, in particular a concrete supporting layer, to form a noise protection element. Preferably, several sound absorbers 1 attached to the wall, in particular with a supporting structure 22, can form a noise protection wall 21. The noise protection wall 21 can preferably also be referred to as a sound barrier.

[0026] The noise barrier 21 is preferably suitable for reducing road noise, in particular a federal road and / or a state road, and / or railway noise.

[0027] The sound absorber 1 comprises a porous absorber 2. The porous absorber 2 has a dense network of largely interconnected cavities or pores, which extend to the surface of the porous absorber 2. The structure of the sound absorber 1 designed as a porous absorber 2 is therefore comparable to a sponge and not to a foam, which has closed cavities. A sound wave that strikes the surface of such a porous absorber 2 is only partially reflected, with the larger part penetrating into the interior of the porous absorber 2, where the sound causes the gas contained in the pores and / or cavities to vibrate. Part of this sound energy is converted into heat energy by the friction between the gas vibrating in the pores or cavities and the solid material of the porous absorber 2, and is thus dissipated.The larger the volume of the porous absorber 2, the larger the part of the dissipated sound intensity.

[0028] Preferably, the porous absorber 2 is permeable to water.

[0029] Preferably, the sound absorber 1 may comprise reinforcement and / or fibers.

[0030] Preferably, the sound absorber 1 can comprise a supporting layer. In this case, the porous absorber 2 can be formed first, followed by the supporting layer, or vice versa, in a formwork or a sound absorber mold. Preferably, after the sound absorber 1 has cured, the supporting layer and the porous absorber 2 are detachably connected to one another in a non-destructive manner.

[0031] Preferably, the supporting layer of the sound absorber 1 can be formed from standard concrete. Preferably, the sound absorber 1 can consist essentially of the porous absorber 2, in particular only of the porous absorber 2.

[0032] Particularly preferably, the porous absorber 2 can be made of concrete, in particular wood concrete. This allows the sound absorber 1 to be easily manufactured.

[0033] In general, concrete is understood to be a building material that comprises a binding agent and aggregates. Aggregates can include, in particular, rock particles, wood chips, wood fragments, wood chips, and / or similar materials. A hydraulic binding agent can be used as the binding agent. The binding agent can preferably be cement, a resin, or similar materials.

[0034] Wood concrete is a building material that contains wood aggregates, such as wood chips, wood pieces and / or wood chips, as well as a binding agent.

[0035] Preferably, the porous absorber 2 can also be made of aggregate-porous concrete. Aggregate-porous concrete is also known as aggregate-porous lightweight concrete and is characterized by cavities formed between pieces of aggregate of the same size, such as between rock grains or pieces of wood of the same size. Due to the essentially uniform size of the aggregates, cavities, so-called aggregate pores, are formed in the concrete. These cavities within the concrete dampen airborne sound transmission due to lossy reflections within the cavities. Areas are created in which energy is extracted from incoming sound waves, since in each cavity, at least in certain frequency ranges, airborne sound is emitted, which in turn impinges on further particles in further cavities, and these processes are lossy.

[0036] Aggregate porous concrete is particularly open-pored. Aggregate porous concrete features a network of interconnected pores. These interconnected cavities greatly enhance the sound-damping properties of aggregate-porous concrete.

[0037] The wood concrete is preferably a porous concrete.

[0038] The porous absorber 2 can preferably be wood chips bound with a binder. The binder is a substance with which bonds can be formed at the phase boundaries of other substances. The binder is mixed with the wood chips, particularly in a flowable or liquid form, so that the binder can come into contact with the individual pieces of the wood chips, in particular, completely wet them. The wood chips mixed with the binder are then preferably introduced into a sound absorber mold and cured therein.

[0039] Preferably, the sound absorber mold can also be referred to as formwork. Preferably, the sound absorber mold is a negative mold of the sound absorber 1.

[0040] Particularly preferably, the sound absorber 1 can be formed in one piece. A one-piece sound absorber 1 consists of only one piece. This allows the sound absorber to be prefabricated particularly easily.

[0041] Preferably, the sound absorber 1 is a finished part, i.e. a part previously manufactured in a factory.

[0042] The porous absorber 2 has at least one groove 3, which groove 3 is designed to receive and support at least one edge 13 of a plate-shaped photovoltaic module 4. It is provided that the at least one groove 3 is formed in the porous absorber 2.

[0043] Preferably, the at least one groove 3 can be formed during the production of the sound absorber 1. For example, the at least one groove 3 can already be present in the formwork mold or the sound absorber mold, so that after removing a cast sound absorber 1 from the sound absorber mold, the at least one groove 3 is already formed on the sound absorber 1 or in the porous absorber 2.

[0044] Preferably, the at least one groove 3 can also be milled into the porous absorber 2 after removing a cast sound absorber 1 from the sound absorber mold.

[0045] Preferably, a soundproofing system 12 is provided, which soundproofing system 12 comprises at least one sound absorber 1 according to the invention and at least one photovoltaic module 4. Fig. 1 shows, by way of example, the sound absorber 1 with a photovoltaic module 4 inserted into the grooves 3.

[0046] Preferably, the sound insulation system 12 can comprise several similar sound absorbers 1 according to the invention and several photovoltaic modules 4.

[0047] The photovoltaic module 4 is preferably adapted to the soundproofing system 12. The photovoltaic module 4 preferably has a width and a height that correspond to the distance between the two grooves 3 as well as the depth and width of the respective groove 3. Common alternative terms for the photovoltaic module 4 are solar module, PV module, and solar panel. The photovoltaic module 4 is designed to convert solar light into electrical energy.

[0048] Preferably, a noise protection wall 21 is provided, which noise protection wall 21 comprises the sound insulation system 12. The noise protection wall 21 can, for example, be provided with a support structure 22, to which support structure 22 the sound absorbers 1 are fastened. As can be seen by way of example in Figs. 4 to 6, a plurality of sound absorbers 1 are fastened to the support structure 22. Preferably, the support structure 22 can comprise a supporting layer made of concrete, to which supporting layer the sound absorbers 1 are fastened. This is shown by way of example in Figs. 4 and 6. For example, the sound absorber 1 can be fastened to the support structure in such a way that the rear side 7 of the sound absorber 1 faces the support structure, in particular the supporting layer of the support structure 22.

[0049] The support structure 22 can preferably comprise uprights or supports to vertically stabilize the noise barrier 21. The supporting layer of the support structure 22 can preferably be attached to the uprights or supports, in particular by means of a second fastening device 23. The second fastening device 23 is shown as an example in Fig. 6.

[0050] Particularly preferably, it can be provided that the at least one groove 3 extends across the width 5 of the sound absorber 1. The width 5 of the sound absorber 1 is shown as an example in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows the preferred embodiment of the sound absorber 1 shown in Fig. 1 in a front view. The front side 11 of the sound absorber 1 can therefore be seen in Fig. 2. As can be seen in Fig. 2, in this preferred embodiment the at least one groove 3 can be continuous, i.e. extend from a first side 16 of the sound absorber 1 to a second side 17 of the sound absorber 1 opposite the first side. It is provided that the at least one groove 3 is open at the edges on the first and second sides 16, 17. The second side 17 of the sound absorber 1 can be seen in Fig. 1. Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the sound absorber 1 in a side view from the left.

[0051] Preferably, the at least one groove 3 is at least 2 mm, in particular at least 3 mm, preferably at least 5 mm, wide. The width of the groove is the width at the bottom of the groove 3, which extends from one groove side wall to another groove side wall. Preferably, the width of the groove 3 is constant along the width 5 of the sound absorber 1. Preferably, the width of the groove 3 is adapted to the thickness of the photovoltaic module 4 to be accommodated.

[0052] Preferably, the sound absorber 1 can have a profile that is constant along the width 5.

[0053] Preferably, it can be provided that two opposite and spaced-apart grooves 3 are formed in the porous absorber 2 for inserting the plate-shaped photovoltaic module 4. This allows the sound absorber 1 to be prefabricated particularly easily. A photovoltaic module 4 can be attached to the sound absorber 1 particularly easily by merely pushing the photovoltaic module 4 into the area between the two grooves 3, so that two edges of the plate-shaped photovoltaic module 4 are held by the grooves 3. In this case, particularly in synergy with the one-piece design of the sound absorber 1, additional fastening means for the photovoltaic module 4 can be dispensed with, and possibly only one lateral closure can be provided for several sound absorbers 1 arranged in a row.Furthermore, the sound absorption area on the sound absorber 1 can be further increased when a photovoltaic module 4 is attached to the sound absorber 1, since a reverberant surface of the photovoltaic module 4 attached to the sound absorber 1 can be further reduced by inserting two edges 13 of the photovoltaic module 4 into the two grooves 3. Such a preferred embodiment is shown in Figs. 1 to 6.

[0054] Particularly preferably, it can be provided that only one groove 3 is formed in the porous absorber 2 for receiving one edge of the photovoltaic module 4, and that the sound absorber 1 has a fixing device 24 for receiving the opposite edge of the photovoltaic module 4. This has the advantage that the photovoltaic module 4 can be particularly easily inserted into the one groove 3 and can then be fixed by means of the fixing device 24. Such a preferred embodiment is shown in Fig. 7.

[0055] Particularly preferably, it can be provided that - viewed in the operating position - the fixing device 24 is arranged adjacent to the upper side 18 of the sound absorber 1, and the only groove 3 is arranged adjacent to the lower side 19. This results in the advantage that the photovoltaic module 4 initially stands on its own in the lower groove 3 during assembly and then only needs to be fixed to the upper side 19. Furthermore, there is the advantage that the overhang of the porous absorber 2 caused by the lower groove 3 shields the photovoltaic module 4 from sound waves impinging from below.

[0056] Alternatively, the fixing device 24 can be arranged adjacent to the underside 19.

[0057] Particularly preferably, the fixing device 24 can be designed as a clamping device.

[0058] Particularly preferably, a cover 25 can be arranged on the top side 18 of the sound absorber 1. The cover can, in particular, extend over the top side 18 of the sound absorber 1. The cover 25 can, in particular, be designed as a sheet metal. The cover 25 can prevent rainwater from penetrating the area behind the photovoltaic module 4.

[0059] Particularly preferably, the fixing device 24 may comprise a bar 26.

[0060] Particularly preferably, the strip 26 can be fastened to the cover 25, in particular by a screw connection. In particular, the cover 25, together with the strip 26, can form the clamping device, with the upper edge of the photovoltaic module 4 being arranged between the cover 25 and the strip 26. This allows for a particularly simple but also reliable fixation of the photovoltaic module 4.

[0061] Preferably, a damping part can be arranged in the at least one groove 3, in particular in the two grooves 3. The damping part can preferably be made of a polymer, in particular a foam or a rubber. This can increase the fatigue strength of the sound absorber 1, in particular in the region of the at least one groove 3. The damping part can also act as a type of spring for acoustic decoupling of the photovoltaic module 4 and the sound absorber 1, thereby further reducing sound propagation.

[0062] Preferably, the at least one edge 13 of the plate-shaped photovoltaic module 4 can be positively received by the damping part.

[0063] Preferably, the at least one groove 3 can be sealed by means of the damping part. This can further reduce the risk of a portion of the sound absorber 1 breaking out due to the freezing of water accumulated in the groove 3 or the photovoltaic module 4.

[0064] Preferably, the damping part can be received in the at least one groove 3 in a form-fitting manner.

[0065] Particularly preferably, the sound absorber 1 can have at least one support surface 6 for supporting at least part of the photovoltaic module 4, wherein the at least one support surface 6 borders on the at least one groove 3 formed in the porous absorber 2. Adjacent is to be understood in such a way that the at least one groove 3 and the at least one support surface 6 have a common boundary. This can be seen by way of example in Fig. 1, wherein the groove 3 borders directly on the support surface 6. This can improve the hold of the photovoltaic module 4 on the sound absorber 1, since the photovoltaic module 4 can rest on a larger surface. As a result, if only one groove 3 is formed, the photovoltaic module 4 can rest against the sound absorber 1 with good contact, i.e. snugly.

[0066] Preferably, a groove side wall of the at least one groove 3 and the at least one support surface 6 form a flat surface. This is evident in Fig. 1.

[0067] Particularly preferably, it can be provided that the at least one support surface 6 is inclined relative to the rear side 7 of the sound absorber 1 by at least 5 degrees, in particular at least 10 degrees, preferably at least 15 degrees. In Fig. 1, an angle α is drawn which shows the inclination of the at least one support surface 6 relative to the rear side 7 of the sound absorber 1. As can be seen, the plane drawn for the angle α is parallel to a plane on the rear side 7. In this case, when the sound absorber 1 is attached to a vertical wall, the support surface 6 is inclined relative to the vertical, in particular sloping, in order to promote the incidence of sunlight on the photovoltaic module 4 attached to the sound absorber 1. Furthermore, the inclination of the at least one support surface 6 can form a capture area 20 for sound on the sound absorber 1.Studies have shown that a large portion of the sound generated on roads, such as highways, is radiated from the road surface, for example, by the rolling noise of car tires. Due to the inclination of at least one support surface 6, this sound emanating from the road surface can penetrate particularly well into the sound absorber 1 through the formed capture area 20 and be absorbed by the sound absorber 1.

[0068] Particularly preferably, it can be provided that the at least one support surface 6 is inclined relative to the rear side 7 of the sound absorber 1 by a maximum of 45 degrees, in particular a maximum of 40 degrees, preferably a maximum of 35 degrees. Tests have surprisingly shown that an angle of a maximum of 45 degrees is sufficient to effectively form the above-described capture area 20 and thereby achieve effective noise reduction.

[0069] Preferably, in the noise barrier 21 comprising the sound insulation system 12 according to the invention, the at least one support surface 6 can be inclined relative to a vertical by at least 5 degrees, in particular at least 10 degrees, preferably at least 15 degrees. Preferably, the at least one support surface 6 can be inclined relative to the vertical by a maximum of 45 degrees, in particular a maximum of 40 degrees, preferably a maximum of 35 degrees. The vertical is perpendicular to a flat surface at the installation site of the noise barrier 21. The noise barrier 21 is preferably a vertical wall.

[0070] Preferably, the sound absorber 1, in particular the porous absorber 2, can have the capture region 20 on the underside 19. Preferably, the sound absorber 1 or the porous absorber 2 can be designed at the capture region 20 such that sound can be effectively captured. The capture region 20 is shown in Fig. 1 and is suitable for capturing sound in the porous absorber 2.

[0071] Particularly preferably, it can be provided that the at least one support surface 6 corresponds to at least 15 percent, in particular at least 25 percent, preferably at least 35 percent, of an area formed between the two grooves 3. The area formed between the two grooves 3 is preferably the area on a plane spanned between the two grooves 3. This allows for a particularly good support of a photovoltaic module 4 on the sound absorber 1.

[0072] Particularly preferably, it can be provided that a channel 8 for cables is formed in the sound absorber 1, and that the channel 8 is directly adjacent to the at least one support surface 6. This allows a plurality of photovoltaic modules 4 to be connected to one another particularly easily when several sound absorbers 1 are arranged next to one another, wherein the cables can be securely guided in the channel 8, thereby also reducing the susceptibility to failure of the photovoltaic modules 4. Furthermore, in synergy with the porous absorber, additional noise reduction can be achieved, since the sound can be reflected off the surfaces of the cables and on the underside of a photovoltaic module 4 and redirected or redirected into the porous absorber 2.

[0073] Preferably, the channel 8 is formed in the porous absorber 2.

[0074] Preferably, the sound absorber 1 has only one channel 8.

[0075] When designing the sound absorber 1 with two grooves 3, a substantially trough-shaped region can preferably be formed in the sound absorber 1, wherein the two grooves 3 are arranged on two sides of a trough bottom of the trough-shaped region. The trough-shaped region is formed on the front side 11 of the sound absorber 1. This can be seen by way of example in Fig. 1. The trough bottom of the trough-shaped region can preferably be formed by the at least one support surface 6, the channel 8 and a respective groove side wall of the two grooves 3. Two trough side walls can preferably extend from the trough bottom of the trough-shaped region, wherein a further respective groove side wall, which is not belonging to the trough bottom, and a respective groove bottom of the two grooves 3 are formed in a respective trough side wall.

[0076] Preferably, the substantially trough-shaped region is formed in the porous absorber 2.

[0077] Fig. 2 also shows the height 14 of the sound absorber 1. The height 14 of the sound absorber 1 extends from the underside 19 to the top side 18, or vice versa. As can be seen in Figs. 1 and 2, a first support surface 6 directly borders the groove 3 closer to the top side 18, with the channel 8 bordering the first support surface 6 and a second support surface 6 bordering the channel 8, which second support surface 6 in turn borders a groove 3.

[0078] The channel 8 can preferably be arranged between two support surfaces 6, wherein each support surface 6 adjoins a groove 3. The sound absorber 1 has two support surfaces 6. The height 14 of the sound absorber 1 can preferably correspond to at least 1 times, in particular at least 1.5 times, preferably at least 2 times, the depth 15 of the sound absorber 1 and / or the width 5 of the sound absorber 1. The depth 15 of the sound absorber 1 can be seen in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 shows the preferred embodiment of the sound absorber 1 shown in Fig. 1 in a bottom view. The underside 19 of the sound absorber 1 can be seen in Fig. 3.

[0079] Preferably, the height 14 of the sound absorber 1 can be at least 20 cm, in particular at least 30 cm, preferably at least 40 cm.

[0080] Preferably, the width 5 of the sound absorber 1 can be at least 12 cm, in particular at least 16 cm, preferably at least 24 cm.

[0081] Preferably, the depth 15 of the sound absorber 1 can be at least 10 cm, in particular at least 15 cm, preferably at least 20 cm.

[0082] Particularly preferably, a fastening device 9 for fastening to the support structure 22 of the noise barrier 21 is arranged on the rear side 7 of the sound absorber 1. This allows the sound absorber 1 to be arranged particularly easily on a wall for a noise barrier 21, using conventional fastening methods known to a person skilled in the art.

[0083] Particularly preferably, it can be provided that the fastening device 9 comprises at least one undercut groove. The sound absorber 1 can preferably comprise at least two, in particular at least three, undercut grooves. This allows the sound absorber 1 to be particularly easily attached to a wall, for example by means of a rail, to form a noise barrier 21. Furthermore, this also allows a good bond to be formed between the porous absorber 2 and the supporting structure 22, in particular the supporting layer of the supporting structure 22, especially if, as can be seen in Figs. 4 and 6, the porous absorber 2 is made of wood concrete and the supporting layer of the supporting structure 22 is made of normal concrete.

[0084] Preferably, the noise barrier 21 can be provided with the

[0085] Support structure 22, in particular the supporting layer of support structure 22, comprises at least one tongue, which is formed opposite to the at least one undercut groove of fastening device 9. This allows sound absorber 1 to be particularly easily attached to support structure 22, in particular the supporting layer of support structure 22, by means of a tongue-and-groove connection. For example, by sliding the sound absorber onto the at least one groove of support structure 22.

[0086] Particularly preferably, it can be provided that a sound absorption surface 10 on the front side 11 of the sound absorber 1 is smaller than the surface area of ​​an outline of the sound absorber 1—when viewing the sound absorber 1 perpendicular to the rear side 7. The outline of the sound absorber 1 is visible, for example, in Fig. 2. When viewing the sound absorber 1, it is irrelevant whether the sound absorber 1 is viewed perpendicular to the rear side 7 or to the front side 11, since the surface area of ​​the outline is the same.

[0087] The sound absorption surface 10 is preferably the surface that is free of photovoltaic modules. That is, the surface that remains free on the front side 11 after a photovoltaic module 4 has been arranged on the sound absorber 1. This is shown, for example, in Fig. 1 by the arrows with the reference numeral 10.

[0088] Preferably, the sound absorption surface 10 can be at least 10 percent, in particular at least 15 percent, preferably at least 20 percent, smaller than the surface area of ​​the outline of the sound absorber 1 - when viewing the sound absorber 1 perpendicular to the back 7.

[0089] Preferably, the sound absorption surface 10 can correspond to at least 60 percent of the surface area of ​​the outline of the sound absorber 1 - when viewing the sound absorber 1 perpendicular to the back 7.

[0090] Preferably, the sound absorption surface 10 can correspond to less than 99 percent, in particular less than 90 percent, of the surface area of ​​the outline of the sound absorber 1 - when viewing the sound absorber 1 perpendicular to the back 7.

[0091] This allows the sound absorber to be designed with a shallow depth 15 while still providing good sound absorption. Preferably, two sound absorbers 1 with photovoltaic modules 4 are arranged directly above one another. Such an arrangement is shown in Fig. 6.

[0092] It can also be provided that at least one sound absorber spacer is arranged between two sound absorbers 1 with photovoltaic modules 4 - viewed in the vertical direction. A sound absorber spacer is a conventional sound absorber module that does not support a photovoltaic module 4. The sound absorber spacers can be used to adjust the acoustic properties of the noise barrier 21 and, if necessary, to improve them at the expense of the area for the photovoltaics, so that the noise barrier 21 fulfills a required acoustic property. The sound absorber spacers can also be used to adjust any shading effects of two sound absorbers 1 with photovoltaic modules 4 arranged one above the other.

[0093] The following are principles for understanding and interpreting the disclosure in question.

[0094] Characteristics are usually introduced with an indefinite article, "ein, eine, eines, einer." Therefore, unless the context indicates otherwise, "ein, eine, eines, einer" is not to be understood as a number.

[0095] For ranges of values, the endpoints are included unless the context indicates otherwise.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Sound absorber (1) comprising a porous absorber (2) for a noise barrier (21), characterized in that at least one groove (3) for receiving and supporting at least one edge (13) of a plate-shaped photovoltaic module (4) is formed in the porous absorber (2).

2. Sound absorber (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the porous absorber (2) consists of concrete, in particular wood concrete.

3. Sound absorber (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sound absorber (1) is formed in one piece.

4. Sound absorber (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one groove (3) extends over the width (5) of the sound absorber (1).

5. Sound absorber (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that two opposite and spaced-apart grooves (3) for inserting the plate-shaped photovoltaic module (4) are formed in the porous absorber (2).

6. Sound absorber (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by at least one support surface (6) for supporting at least a part of the photovoltaic module (4), wherein the at least one support surface (6) adjoins the at least one groove (3) formed in the porous absorber (2).

7. Sound absorber (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one support surface (6) is inclined relative to the rear side (7) of the sound absorber (1) by at least 5 degrees, in particular at least 10 degrees, preferably at least 15 degrees.

8. Sound absorber (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one support surface (6) opposite the rear side (7) of the sound absorber (1 ) is inclined by a maximum of 55 degrees, in particular a maximum of 50 degrees, preferably a maximum of 45 degrees.

9. Sound absorber (1) according to claim 5 and 6 to 8, characterized in that the at least one support surface (6) corresponds to at least 15 percent, in particular at least 25 percent, preferably at least 35 percent, of an area formed between the two grooves (3).

10. Sound absorber (1) according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that a channel (8) for cables is formed in the sound absorber (1), and that the channel (8) directly adjoins the at least one support surface (6).

11. Sound absorber (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a fastening device (9) for fastening to a supporting structure (22) of a noise barrier (21) is arranged on the rear side (7) of the sound absorber (1).

12. Sound absorber (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the fastening device (9) comprises at least one undercut groove.

13. Sound absorber (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a sound absorption surface (10) on the front side (11) of the sound absorber (1) is smaller than a surface area of ​​an outline of the sound absorber (1) - when viewing the sound absorber (1) perpendicular to the back side (7).

14. Soundproofing system (12) comprising at least one sound absorber (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13 and at least one photovoltaic module (4), characterized in that at least one edge (13) of the plate-shaped photovoltaic module (4) is received and supported in the at least one groove (3).

15. Noise barrier (21) comprising the sound insulation system (12) according to claim 14.

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