System comprising a glazing and an optical device and method for obtaining the optical device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a glazing system comprising a vehicle glazing (100), the glazing (100) comprising a transmission window (111) able to receive an emission beam (70) at a working wavelength in a near-infrared range. According to the invention, the optical device comprises a multi-prismatic element (20), associated with the glazing, the multi-prismatic element (20) including a multilayer stack comprising a first layer (21) having a first refractive index n1 and a second layer (22) having a second refractive index n2, the multi-prismatic element (20) being arranged so that the second layer (22) is more external than the first layer (21), a structured surface (23) being defined between the first layer (21) and the second layer (22), said structured surface (23) having, in the reference plane, a profile structured by a series of prisms (24).

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Title of the invention: System comprising glazing and an optical device and method for obtaining the optical device

[0003] The present invention generally relates to vehicle glazing associated with a lidar placed in the passenger compartment.

[0004] Laser remote sensing (LIDAR or lidar), an acronym for the English expression "light detection and ranging" or "laser detection and ranging" (or in French "detection and estimation of distance by light" or "by laser"), is being considered for road vehicles, particularly autonomous ones, to improve safety.

[0005] Recently, it has been proposed to place a lidar behind the windshield of a road vehicle, in order to protect the lidar from external conditions. However, this arrangement of the lidar behind a windshield, particularly a sloped windshield, poses several difficulties. The lidar is generally installed in the upper part of the passenger compartment (upper area of ​​the windshield) so that the beams emitted and received by the lidar pass through the glazing in an area close to the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing. On the one hand, the lidar has a large footprint and must be positioned so as not to obstruct the driver's vision. On the other hand, the lidar generates a near-infrared emission beam in a field of view with a vertical and horizontal angular aperture. The projection of the emission beam onto the glazing requires reserving an area of ​​the glazing for the transmission of this near-infrared emission beam (called a near-infrared transmission window).This reserved area is preferably as small as possible, particularly in the vertical direction, so as not to obstruct vision through the glazing.

[0006] In practice, the LIDAR manufacturer expects the beam emitted by the lidar to have a given vertical field of view around a median pointing direction.

[0007] Document WO2023 / 274854 discloses a glazing comprising a lidar oriented towards the inner face of the inclined glazing of a road vehicle and a prism placed on the inner face of the glazing, to increase the vertical opening of the field of view of the lidar outside the vehicle. However, this system is bulky and heavy.

[0008] It is desirable to propose an alternative glazing without the aforementioned drawbacks, still capable of reducing the spatial extent of the lidar emission beam on the windshield while preserving the vertical field of view of the lidar at the exit of the glazing.

[0009] In order to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks of the state of the art, the present invention proposes a glazing system comprising vehicle glazing, in particular road glazing, the glazing, in particular windshield, in particular curved, comprising: a first sheet of glass (in particular clear) intended to form the exterior glazing with a first external main face and a second main face facing the passenger compartment, and, when the glazing is laminated (preferred embodiment), comprising a second sheet of glass intended to form the interior glazing with a third main face facing the second main face and a fourth main face facing the passenger compartment, and a lamination interlayer made of polymer material (in particular polyvinyl butyral PVB or ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer EVA or thermoplastic polyurethane TPU) arranged between the second internal main face and the third main face,the glazing being intended to form an angle of inclination (P) of less than 90 degrees and even at most 60 or 50 degrees, with a horizontal axis (X) (in the reference plane), in particular the glazing having an upper longitudinal edge and a lower longitudinal edge.,

[0010] The glazing has a near-infrared transmission window at a working wavelength in a near-infrared range, in particular a range ranging from 800nm ​​to 1800nm, in particular from 850nm to 1600nm, in particular 905±30nm and / or 1550±30nm, the transmission window being capable of receiving an emission beam at said working wavelength from a lidar vision system intended to be arranged in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the emission beam having, in a reference plane which is a lateral section plane of the glazing (comprising said horizontal axis X), a median pointing direction and, the reference plane comprising a normal to the glazing and a vertical axis (Z) in the vehicle (normal to said horizontal axis).

[0011] In the near infrared transmission window, an optical device (which has a first surface, called the front surface, facing outwards and a second surface, opposite the first surface, facing towards the passenger compartment, called the rear surface), the emission beam extending over an internal field of view having an internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) determined inside the vehicle (upstream of the glazing) and at the exit of the glazing having an external field of view with an external vertical angular aperture (FOV2).

[0012] According to the invention, the optical device comprises a multi-prismatic element, linked to the glazing (linked to the second main face of the first sheet in particular within the chosen laminated glazing, or else linked to the glazing by a junction in a through hole in particular forming a notch in the glazing), the multi-prismatic element comprising (and even consisting of) a multilayer stack comprising a first layer having a first optical refractive index m greater than 1.00 and even 1.2, at the working wavelength and a second layer having a second optical refractive index n2 greater than the first optical refractive index m at the working wavelength in particular n2-n1 by at least 0.05 or 0.1.

[0013] The multi-prismatic element is arranged so that the second layer is more external than the first layer, in particular the second layer is flush or sub-flush with the first external main face (with an exit face free or linked to a main face such as the second or fourth main face or that of a support, in particular multifunctional, in particular substrate), a structured surface being defined between the first layer and the second layer, said structured surface having in the reference plane a profile structured by a series of prisms (preferably contiguous), in particular the prisms having in the reference plane a millimetric or submillimetric thickness (height), each prism having an entry face preferably flat (joined by an edge to another face).

[0014] The multi-prismatic element is arranged and configured to receive the emission beam on input faces of the series of prisms, each input face forming a determined angle with the vertical axis in the reference plane, and such that the emission beam exiting the system has an external field of view with an external vertical angular aperture greater than the internal vertical angular aperture of the internal field of view.

[0015] The multiprismatic element, particularly based on prismatic film(s) and / or prismatic coating(s), can be of lesser thickness than that of a macroprism which collects the entire LIDAR beam. In addition, it can be integrated into laminated glazing, even curved. It is protected from the outside.

[0016] Preferably, the main inner face of the first layer and the main outer face of the second layer are parallel (flat or curved). The main inner face of the first layer and the main outer face of the second layer may follow the curvature of the glazing, in particular laminated glazing.

[0017] The first sheet (textured F2 face) and / or the second sheet (in particular textured F3 face) and / or the lamination interlayer of the laminated glazing can form the first layer and / or the second layer.

[0018] In particular, each prism has an entry face joined by an edge to another neutral face, i.e. without optical function, flat or possibly of any shape if such a shape is simpler to manufacture. The prisms are arranged in series and advantageously joined and joined two by two by another edge or, alternatively, joined two by two by a valley.

[0019] Preferably the height of the prisms is uniform. It is preferred that the height (thickness) of the prisms (from the edge), taken in the first layer and / or in the second layer, is at most 1mm or 500pm or 100pm and in particular at least 20pm.

[0020] It is preferred that the total thickness of said multiprismatic element (including any substrate(s), in particular polymer supporting the first layer and / or the second layer separate from the first or second glass sheet) is at most 1 cm and even at most 5 mm or even 1 mm.

[0021] If within the laminated glazing it is preferred that the total thickness of said multiprismatic element (including any substrate(s) carrying the first layer and / or the second layer, separate from the first or second sheet of glass) is at most 1mm and even at most 0.5mm or 0.4mm.

[0022] If the multiprismatic element is in an orifice of a support, particularly a multifunctional one, the main interior face (flat) of the first layer can be protruding on the passenger compartment side (and even the entry faces) if necessary to avoid a shadow effect.

[0023] The multiprismatic element can be glued (face F4, F2, support) with a glue with a refractive index different by at most 0.1 (in absolute value) with the second layer.

[0024] The lidar vision system is spaced from the glazing, in particular from the main internal face of the glazing (F2 if simple or F4 if laminated) or from the first layer if optical device on or in a support in particular multifunctional, in particular by at most 8cm or 5cm or 3cm. In particular the lidar vision system is fixed to the glazing and / or to a bodywork and / or to a support in particular multifunctional or to a box or cover (individual or common to other sensors, to one or other cameras for example).

[0025] The multi-prismatic element can be on a main face of the glazing, in particular laminated, or in a through hole (complete) of the glazing, in particular forming a notch. The notch is dedicated individually or is a common notch housing a support, in particular multi-function (multi-sensors).

[0026] In this text, concerning a refractive index, a numerical index or a normal number (m or n1 etc.) is used indifferently; for degrees, deg. or the symbol ° is used indifferently; the term film or sheet is used indifferently, which designates a self-supporting element (an interlayer sheet becomes an adhesive layer after lamination). The term layer includes a sheet or a coating.

[0027] The glazing can be monolithic and comprises a sheet of glass or polymer (PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate, or polycarbonate (PC) or mineral). The glazing is preferably laminated.

[0028] In particular, the median pointing direction of the output emission beam (from the glazing) is deflected relative to the median pointing direction of the input emission beam (from the glazing), forming an output angle iO relative to the horizontal axis in the reference plane, with iO = 0±5 degrees and even 0±2 degrees.

[0029] Advantageously, the entry angle (a) of the entry face of each prism is selected so that the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) is greater than or equal to 26° and even 30°, in particular, the entry angle (a) is at least -50° and less than 90°-p and even less than 20° (depending on n1 and n2).

[0030] The median pointing direction of the emission beam having an angle of incidence, noted i” non-zero, with respect to said normal, the angle of incidence i” being linked to the exit angle iO by the following equation: i" = arcsin( n v sin(- 2 — ft — a — asin asin(— îi sin(— - + p + J0)) ))). 2

[0031] The choice of the angle of incidence (minimum, optimum angle) can be obtained using this equation. It depends on the pair n1, n2 in particular.

[0032] For a given refractive index n1 or n2 we can choose the angle of incidence as a function of the other refractive index n2 or n1.

[0033] According to a particular and advantageous aspect, the first optical refractive index m is less than or equal to 1.52 and even greater than or equal to 1.20 (the second optical refractive index n2 is for example greater than or equal to 1.38 and less than or equal to 1.80), the inclination angle (P), the second optical refractive index n2 being given, in particular the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) being predetermined, the entrance angle (a) of the entrance face of each prism is greater than or equal to a minimum entrance angle a m in ±2 degrees and even ±1 degrees, the minimum entry angle has min being calculated as a function of the first variable optical refractive index x=m following one of the following polynomial curves C1, C3 to C7 as a function of the second optical refractive index n2 and the inclination angle (P) -and even the FOV2 in particular greater than or equal to 26° or 30°-:

[0034] C1 = -590.2 x 3 +2235 x 2 -2886 x +1247 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees excluding 25 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03

[0035] C3 = -142 x 3 +500.8 x 2 -642.2 x +282.1 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.60± 0.05 excluding 1.55,

[0036] C4 = -749 x 3 +2865 x 2 -3720 x +1617 for the tilt angle of 20 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03,

[0037] C5 = -343.5 x 3 +1280 x 2 -1649 x +710.9 for the inclination angle of 45 ± 10 degrees excluding 35 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03,

[0038] C6 = -117.3 x 3 +411.4 x2 -523.4 x +223.9 for the inclination angle of 60 ± 5 degrees excluding 55 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03,

[0039] C7 = -24.69 x 3 +72.48 x 2 -108.3 x +65.04 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, n2=1 .80± 0.15 excluding 1 .65.

[0040] So we choose the reference curve as a function of n2 and we deduce the entry angle. In the case of a first textured layer with a fixed angle, we can also choose the right material with the appropriate index n1. In the case of a second textured layer with a fixed angle, we can also choose the right material with the index n1 for the first layer.

[0041] According to another particular and advantageous aspect, the first optical refractive index ni is less than or equal to 1.52 and even greater than or equal to 1.20 and even greater than or equal to 1.3 (the second optical refractive index n2 is in particular greater than or equal to 1.38 and less than or equal to 1.80), the inclination angle (P), the second optical refractive index n2 being given, in particular the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) being predetermined, the entrance angle (a) of the entrance face of each prism being equal to an optimum entrance angle ± 2 degrees and even ± 1 degree, the optimum entrance angle being calculated as a function of the first variable optical refractive index x =m according to one of the following polynomial curves D1 to D7 in particular as a function of the second optical refractive index n2 and the inclination angle (P) - and the FOV2 in particular greater than or equal at 26° or 30°

[0042] D1 = -1451 x 3 +5503 x 2-7038 x +3044 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees excluding 25 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03,

[0043] D3 = -435.7 x 3 +1595 x 2 -2008 x +884.3 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.60± 0.05 excluding 1.55,

[0044] D4 = -1687 x 3 +6436 x 2 -8230 x +3560 for the tilt angle of 20 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03,

[0045] D5 = -537.7 x 3 +1996 x 2 -2522 x +1092 for the inclination angle of 45 ± 10 degrees excluding 35 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03,

[0046] D6 = -120.1 x 3 +425.1 x 2 -529.4 x +237.5 for the inclination angle of 60 ± 5 degrees excluding 55 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03,

[0047] D7 = -65.54 x 3 +207.9 x 2 -251.1 x +141 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.80± 0.15 excluding 1.65.

[0048] According to yet another particular and advantageous aspect, in particular the first optical refractive index m is greater than or equal to 1.20 and even less than or equal to 1.52 the second optical refractive index n2 is preferably less than or equal to 1.80 and even greater than or equal to 1.38 or 1.52, the angle of inclination (P) and the first optical refractive index ni being given, in particular the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) being predetermined, the entrance angle (a) of the entrance face of each prism is greater than or equal to a minimum entrance angle ± 2 degrees and even ± 1 degree, the minimum entrance angle being calculated as a function of the second variable optical refractive index x=n2 according to one of the following polynomial curves E1 to E5 in particular as a function of the first optical refractive index n1 and the angle of inclination (P), and even the FOV2 in particular greater than or equal to 26° or 30°:

[0049] E1 = 292.91 x 3 -1548.71 x 2+2787.76 x -1720.61 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees excluding 25 degrees, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48,

[0050] E2 = 326.18 x 3 -1720.64 x 2 +3087.27 x -1892.29 for the inclination angle of 20 ± 5 degrees, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48,

[0051] E3 = 175.67 x 3 -942.52 x 2 +1733.38 x -1105.60 for the inclination angle of 45 ± 10 degrees excluding 35 degrees, ni= 1 .40+0.08 excluding 1 .48,

[0052] E4 = 48.16 x 3 -281.00 x 2 +575.20 x -418.58 for the inclination angle of 60 ± 5 degrees excluding 55°, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48, E5 = 398.71 x 3 -2143.54 x 2 +3904.30 x -2424.48 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, nor at least 1.48 and preferably less than or equal to 1.52.

[0053] According to yet another particular and advantageous aspect, in particular the first optical refractive index m is greater than or equal to 1.20 and even less than or equal to 1.52 and the second optical refractive index n2 is preferably less than or equal to 1.80 and even greater than or equal to 1.38 or 1.52, the angle of inclination (P), the first optical refractive index ni being given, in particular the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) being predetermined, the entrance angle (a) of the entrance face of each prism being equal to an optimum entrance angle ± 2 degrees and even ± 1 degree, the optimum entrance angle being calculated as a function of the second variable optical refractive index x=n2 according to one of the following polynomial curves F1 to F5 in particular as a function of the first optical refractive index n1 and the angle of inclination (P) and even the FOV2 in particular greater than or equal to 26° or 30: F1 = 696.64 x 3 -3624.25 x 2+6337.74 x -3710.96 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees excluding 25°, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48,

[0054] F2 =±87.53 x 3 -4614.73 x 2 +8060.01 x -4709.71 for the inclination angle of 20 ± 5 degrees, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48,

[0055] F3 = 236.33 x 3 -1257.17 x 2 +2264.37 x -1369.46 for the inclination angle of 45 ± 10 degrees excluding 35°, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48,

[0056] F4 = 35.55 x 3 -206.23 x 2 +416.19 x -280.90 for the inclination angle of 60 ± 5 degrees excluding 55°, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48,

[0057] F5 = 1075.97 x 3 -5680.17 x 2 +10061.75 x -5970.16 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, nor at least 1.48 and preferably less than or equal to 1.52.

[0058] Said structured surface can be structured in a single direction, the series of (unidirectional) prisms having edges parallel to each other, in particular along an axis of at most 5 degrees or 2 degrees with the longitudinal axis.

[0059] Said structured surface can be structured in at least two directions, the series of (two-dimensional) prisms having two-dimensional geometric shapes such as polyhedra or pyramids.

[0060] Regarding the stacking with the first and second layer, it can include one or two films in direct or optical contact, one or two coatings in direct or optical contact.

[0061] The first layer may be in contact with the second layer, the structured surface is an interface. The stack may alternatively comprise an interfacial layer transparent to the working wavelength (for optical contact), in particular for bonding and / or camouflage, the interfacial layer is between the first layer and the second layer, the first layer having the structured surface in contact with the interfacial layer and the second layer having another structured surface opposite and conforming to the textured surface, the other structured surface being in contact with the interfacial layer.

[0062] The interfacial layer is for example an organic layer (resin) in particular a crosslinked adhesive layer.

[0063] Said structured surface is structured in a single direction, the series of (unidirectional) prisms having edges parallel to each other, in particular along an axis of at most 10 or 5 degrees or 2 degrees with the longitudinal axis. Said structured surface is structured in at least two directions, the series of (two-dimensional) prisms having two-dimensional geometric shapes (polyhedra or pyramids).

[0064] Other non-limiting and advantageous characteristics of the glazing system according to the invention, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations, concerning its arrangement in the glazing system (preferably laminated), the choice of the first and second layers. They are described in the following paragraphs.

[0065] The second layer may be the first sheet with the second side textured however and / or the first layer may be the second sheet with the third side textured. However, other configurations may be preferred leaving these sheets without texture (for example with a functional conformal coating etc.).

[0066] In one embodiment, one of the first layer and the second layer is textured to form the structured surface, and is a partially textured coating in particular on a film of glass or polymer in particular thermoplastic or is a partially textured glass or polymer, in particular polycarbonate if the second layer is textured or polyester, PMMA, glass or fluoropolymer if the first layer is textured.

[0067] In particular, one of the first layer and the second layer is textured, thus forming the structured surface, in particular a partially textured film or coating, and the other of the first layer and the second layer being a layer of crosslinked polymer, possibly adhesive (in particular so-called OCA glue), in particular the first layer is made of polyacrylate or silicone and the second layer is preferably textured.

[0068] In one achievement:

[0069] - the second layer is a glass and the first layer is chosen from a PMMA film, an adhesive layer, thermoplastic or crosslinked material, in particular EVA or PVB, or in that the second layer is a polycarbonate film and the first layer is chosen from a PMMA film, an adhesive layer of crosslinked material or the lamination interlayer, in particular EVA or PVB

[0070] - and / or the first layer is a coating on a glass or plastic and the second layer is possibly the lamination interlayer of the laminated glazing or an adhesive layer or a support (plastic, glass) in particular multifunctional in a through hole of the monolithic or laminated glazing, in particular a through hole forming a notch. In one embodiment:

[0071] - the glazing is laminated, the second layer is bonded to the second main face by an adhesive layer, which is the lamination interlayer, or the lamination interlayer having an interlayer orifice at the level of the multi-prismatic element, the second layer is bonded by an adhesive layer to the second main face), in particular forming a camouflage layer or one of the first layer and second layer is formed in the lamination interlayer of the laminated glazing or in an adhesive layer), in particular forming a camouflage layer, the other of the first layer and the second layer is textured thus forming said structured surface, in particular a partially textured film or a partially textured coating

[0072] - or the second layer is bonded to a main rear face of a support, in particular multifunctional, in a through hole of the glazing (laminated or simple) by an adhesive layer, in particular forming a camouflage layer.

[0073] The second layer can be:

[0074] - bonded to the second main face (in optical contact), preferably glued or in adhesive contact with the glazing, preferably laminated,

[0075] - and / or the second layer is arranged in a through hole of the preferably laminated glazing, in particular a through hole forming a notch, the multi-prismatic element being wholly or partly in a partial or through hole of the preferably laminated glazing, in particular being linked to the glazing (via the internal wall of the through hole) and / or being linked to a (multifunctional) support arranged in the through hole and linked to the glazing (to the internal wall of the glazing delimiting the through hole) preferably laminated.

[0076] The multi-prismatic element (in particular the first layer or a substrate (a part) of the first layer which is a textured coating) can be housed in a partial or through hole of the glazing, in particular laminated, in particular linked to a support (multifunction) integral with the glazing and in the through hole (closed or opening forming a notch).

[0077] The first layer may be the support, in particular multifunctional, or the multi-prismatic element may be linked to a main rear face of the support (multifunctional) transparent at the working wavelength or to an internal wall of a through orifice of the support (multifunctional, in particular too opaque at the working wavelength).

[0078] The support (or plate), in particular multifunctional, can be shaped and arranged so as to close the through hole of the laminated glazing, in particular forming a notch. Preferably, the main external surface of the support is flush or sub-flush with the first face of the first glass sheet so as to form a continuous main external surface for the glazing. The support comprises the near-infrared transmission window for the lidar. The support comprises, for example, a plastic material or a glass transparent to the working wavelength of the lidar. The support, in particular multifunctional (glass, plastic, etc.) is monolithic or laminated, for example laminated glass with a glass or plastic sheet (inner).

[0079] The support, especially multifunctional (plastic, glass), especially multifunctional, can be at most 1cm thick or even 5mm thick.

[0080] The multi-prismatic element is for example a film (one piece) formed by molding and fixed to the main internal surface of the support for example by glue.

[0081] The inner major surface of the multi-prismatic element may be flush with the inner major surface of the second glass sheet so as to form a continuous inner major surface for the glazing.

[0082] The multifunctional support can be attached (to the F4 or F2 side), for example, using a masking adhesive to the glazing. The masking adhesive is, for example, a black OCA adhesive in the visible range. The masking adhesive also allows the plate to be hidden and protected. In addition, the masking adhesive allows the lidar infrared vision system to be hidden from view from outside the vehicle.

[0083] The support (or plate) is in particular multifunctional, preferably carrying one or more functional elements such as sensors and / or with one or more transmission windows in the visible, in the far infrared from 5pm to 20pm and even 8pm to 15pm, transmission window(s) in particular adjacent to the near infrared transmission window (in an upper and even central part of the glazing, of the windshield, in particular in a spare part of the peripheral masking layer framing the glazing).

[0084] The (multifunctional) support may be a plastic, particularly opaque, loaded with colorants, particularly black (loaded with carbon, etc.), particularly for color continuity with the peripheral masking layer framing the glazing (the color difference is limited). The support is, for example, polyamide 66 (PA66), or PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), or ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), or ASA (acrylonitrile styrene acrylate), or ABS / PC (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene / polycarbonate). It is preferably at least 1 mm thick and, for example, less than or equal to the thickness of the glazing, particularly in the case of through-pane (particularly notch).

[0085] The second layer may be internal to the laminated glazing (between the second and third faces), in particular the second layer being bonded to the second main face of the laminated glazing and even the first layer bonded to the third main face - or being the second sheet - and / or the multi-prismatic element is housed in a through hole of the glazing, in particular laminated, in particular bonded to a support, in particular multifunctional, integral with the glazing, closed or through hole forming a notch, or the prismatic element is internal, the second layer being bonded to the second face of the monolithic glazing or to the fourth internal main face of the laminated glazing. In one embodiment, the second sheet of glass or plastic being transparent to the working wavelength,the first layer is bonded to the third main face by an adhesive layer transparent to the working wavelength, in particular by the lamination interlayer and / or the second layer is bonded to the second main face by an adhesive layer transparent to the working wavelength, in particular by the lamination interlayer or the second layer is in adhesive contact with the second main face.,

[0086] The prismatic element may be internal, the second layer being bonded to the fourth internal main face of the laminated glazing or to a rear main face of a part arranged in or under a through hole of the second glass sheet (of the laminated glazing) and preferably the rear face of the first layer comprises an anti-reflection layer at the working wavelength.

[0087] The laminated glazing may comprise a through hole in the thickness of the second sheet (in particular at the periphery and therefore emerging), the system comprising a part arranged in the through hole, or the glazing comprising a (complete) through hole in the thickness of the second glass sheet, of the lamination interlayer, of the first glass sheet, possibly forming a (total) notch, the system comprising a support arranged in the (complete) through hole. The part or support being transparent to the working wavelength, the part or support having a main surface linked to the first layer, in particular the main surface being textured so as to form said structured surface or the main surface having a textured coating so as to form said structured surface.

[0088] The glazing system may comprise in the near infrared transmission window a part (sheet) transparent to the working wavelength, in particular glass or plastic, arranged in or under a through hole of the second glass sheet of the laminated glazing and bonded to the second main face, part forming the second layer or the first layer or bonded to the first layer, and preferably the face of the first layer opposite the structured surface comprises an anti-reflection layer at the working wavelength

[0089] In particular, the part (sheet) has a main surface facing the second main face which is: textured, the part thus forming the first layer or having a textured coating forming the first layer, or having an adhesive layer forming the first layer or fixing the first layer and preferably the main surface of the part facing the passenger compartment comprises an anti-reflection layer at the working wavelength.

[0090] Preferably, the glazing system comprises a peripheral masking layer bonded to the second main face (mineral coating such as enamel, black on the second face or an ink (black) on an interlayer, in particular PVB) and / or another masking layer on a surface of a support, in particular multifunctional, in a through hole (therefore complete) of the preferably laminated glazing or in a part in a through hole of the second sheet (partial hole of the laminated glazing), and in which the near infrared transmission window comprises an opening in the masking layer (through or closed opening) and even the possible other masking layer.

[0091] The peripheral masking layer may protrude, for example, by at most 1 cm, 5 mm or 1 mm in the area of ​​the through hole of the second sheet (surrounding the optical device).

[0092] Preferably, in the near infrared transmission window, the glazing comprises a functional layer which is preferably a camouflage layer (or a heating layer), in particular arranged in the opening of a masking layer (peripheral), upstream or downstream of the multi-prismatic element or forming part of the multi-prismatic element. In particular, the camouflage layer is adhesive (for example made of crosslinked material), bonding the multi-prismatic element to one of the main faces of the glazing or of a support, in particular multifunctional, in a through hole of the laminated glazing or of a part in a through hole of the second sheet of the laminated glazing or bonding the first textured layer with the second textured layer.

[0093] In the near infrared transmission window, the glazing may include a functional layer, in particular a heating or hydrophobic layer, upstream or downstream of the multi-prismatic element or forming part of the multi-prismatic element, or even an anti-reflective layer.

[0094] The glazing system may comprise a lidar infrared vision system, the infrared vision system comprising a light source and a detection device in which the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) is less than 26 degrees, in particular between 10 degrees and 20 degrees, and in which the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) is greater than the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) by at least 5° and even 10°.

[0095] There are different types of lidar depending on the angular aperture, the spatial extent and / or the scanning of the emission beam. The lidar emission beam can be emitted along a monodirectional optical axis which is scanned in two dimensions or the emission beam extends along a sheet which is scanned in a transverse direction or the emission beam is flash and illuminates a volume of space without scanning the beam. It is preferable to orient the median pointing direction of the lidar emission beam at the exit of the glazing so that it is approximately parallel to the ground, i.e. horizontal.

[0096] The lidar infrared vision system can be placed in a housing, for example made of plastic or metal. This housing can form a cover for the lidar and more broadly for a set of elements (sensor components, camera(s) in this area and therefore cover areas of camera(s), sensor(s).

[0097] The casing is fixed to the inner main face of the glazing, in particular the fourth of the second sheet of glass, or to a support, in particular a multifunctional support (or plate) fixed to the glazing, in particular to the fourth main face of the second sheet of glass of the laminated glazing. Advantageously, the casing is removable. The casing is fixed, for example by clipping, to said support or to the innermost main face of the glazing and / or to an element of the vehicle (the interior trim of the vehicle's passenger compartment and / or to the bodywork), for example the roof of the vehicle. For example (in its upper part), the casing is fixed to the inner face of the glazing (face F4 for laminated glazing) through the bodywork perforated for this purpose.

[0098] Examples of material pairs for the first layer and the second layer are in the following table with, as an indication, their refractive index at 905nm which can be adjusted in the case of a crosslinked adhesive layer or a dense coating (low index) by the choice of material or in the case of a porous coating by the degree of porosity.

[0099] An adhesive interfacial layer (transparent to the working wavelength of the LIDAR), and even camouflage, can be placed between the first and second layers which are not adhesive and then have an identical texturing, for example between two polymer films such as PC (second layer) and PMMA (first layer) or between polymer film (PC, PMMA) and glass (second layer being the second sheet or part) or between glass (first layer being the first sheet) and PMMA film (second layer).

[0100] As an example of a coating forming a first layer on a second textured layer, one can choose a possibly crosslinked adhesive layer or a layer, for example, with a low index (porous layer, resin or porous silica or even a low index material such as a resin), such as a fluoropolymer film.

[0101] The transmission window can be multispectral, notably in the near infrared and in the visible (for example to allow the use of a sensor operating in the visible and in this case, we do not add a camouflage layer in the visible) and / or in the infrared -far- at a higher wavelength than the working wavelength of the lidar (for example to allow the use of a thermal camera or another infrared sensor).

[0102] The invention also proposes a method for obtaining said multi-prismatic element with the first layer of refractive index n1 and the second layer of refractive index n2 for the glazing system comprising:

[0103] - definition of an angle of incidence i” relative to the normal to the glazing of a pointing direction of the lidar upstream of the glazing as a function of the exit angle i of the pointing direction downstream of the glazing relative to the horizontal and of the entry angle a, definition of i” according to the following equation EQ1: i”(i, a) = arcsin(n1sin(— — p — a — asin(— sin(— — a — — asin(

[0104] 2 nl 2 with p being said tilt angle, n2 being greater than or equal to the working wavelength, in particular the first optical refractive index m being less than or equal to 1.52 and preferably greater than or equal to 1.20, and the second optical refractive index n2 being greater than or equal to 1.38 and preferably less than or equal to 1.80

[0105] -determination of the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) of the internal field of view of the Lidar, the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) of the external field of view of the Lidar being fixed, by the following equation EQ2:

[0106] FOV1(a) = |i"(a, i= iO+FOV2 / 2 ) - i"(a, i=i0- FOV2 / 2 )| with iO being an exit angle of a median pointing direction (45) of the lidar downstream of the glazing relative to the horizontal preferably iO = 0±5 degrees and even 0±2 degrees

[0107] - determination of the minimum entry angle a min such that the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) is greater than the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) thus defined, in particular FOV1 is at most 30°, preferably the difference between the external and internal vertical angular apertures is at least 5° and even at least 7°

[0108] - and / or determination of the optimal entry angle a opt to maximize the vertical angular aperture (FOV2) of the external field of view relative to the vertical angular aperture (FOV1) of the internal field of view, selecting a preferred angle equal to a opt ±10 degrees and even ±8 degrees, ±5 degrees.

[0109] The invention also proposes a method for obtaining said multi-prismatic element with the first layer of refractive index n1 and the second layer of refractive index n2 for the glazing system comprising:

[0110] - determination of an external vertical angular aperture (FOV2), given by the following equation EQ3:

[0111] FOV2(a) = |i(a, i”= i”0+FOV1 / 2 ) - i(a, i”=i”0- FOV1 / 2 )| with FOV1 which is said internal vertical angular aperture with i”0 angle of incidence relative to the normal to the glazing of a median pointing direction (45) of the lidar upstream of the glazing j(a, i") is given by the equation EQU4 n2 being greater than m at the working wavelength, in particular the first optical refractive index m being less than or equal to 1.52 and preferably greater than or equal to 1.20, and the second optical refractive index n2 being greater than or equal to 1.38 and preferably less than or equal to 1.80 with p the angle of inclination of the glazing relative to the horizontal,

[0112] - determination of a minimum entry angle a such that the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) is greater than the vertical angular aperture (FOV1) of the internal field of view, in particular FOV1 is at most 30° or 26°, preferably the difference between the external and internal vertical angular apertures is at least 5° and even at least 7°

[0113] - and / or determination of the optimal angle a opt to maximize the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) relative to the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) of the field of view, selecting a preferred angle equal to a opt ±10 degrees and even ±8 degrees, ±5 degrees.

[0114] Of course, the various features, variants and embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other in various combinations to the extent that they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive.

[0115] The description which follows with reference to the appended drawings, given as non-limiting examples, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be implemented.

[0116] The invention is not limited to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Therefore, it should be understood that, when the features mentioned in the claims are followed by reference signs, these signs are included solely for the purpose of improving the intelligibility of the claims and in no way limit the scope of the claims. In the accompanying drawings:

[0117] [Fig. 1] schematically represents in side section view a laminated vehicle glazing with an internal multi-prismatic element and an infrared lidar vision system;

[0118] [Fig. 2] schematically represents in lateral section view a multi-prismatic element;

[0119] [Fig. 3] schematically represents in perspective two examples of parts of a multi-prismatic element comprising a network of one-dimensional prisms;

[0120] [Fig. 4] schematically represents in perspective two examples of parts of a multi-prismatic element comprising a network of two-dimensional pyramids;

[0121] [Fig. 5] represents simulation curves of an angle of incidence i” of the median direction of pointing of the emission beam on the glazing as a function of the entrance angle a of the prisms of the multi-prismatic element with a vertical axis, for different values ​​of the first optical refractive index m of the multi-prismatic element, the second optical refractive index n2 being fixed;

[0122] [Fig. 6] represents simulation curves of the external vertical angular aperture FOV2 of the emission beam as a function of the angle a of the prisms of the multi-prismatic element with the vertical axis, for the different values ​​of the first optical refractive index ni of the multi-prismatic element, the second optical refractive index n2 being fixed;

[0123] [Fig. 7] represents adjustment curves (fit) of the minimum angle of the entrance face of the prisms as a function of the second optical refractive index n2, for different values ​​of the first optical refractive index m, the inclination angle p and the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2);

[0124] [Fig. 8] represents adjustment curves (fit) of the optimum angle of the entrance face of the prisms as a function of the second optical refractive index n2, for different values ​​of the first optical refractive index m, the inclination angle p and the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2);

[0125] [Fig. 9] represents simulation curves of an angle of incidence i” of the median direction of pointing of the emission beam on the glazing as a function of the angle a of the prisms of the multi-prismatic element with the vertical axis, for different values ​​of the second optical refractive index n2 of the multi-prismatic element, the first optical refractive index ni being fixed;

[0126] [Fig. 10] represents simulation curves of the external vertical angular aperture FOV2 of the emission beam as a function of the angle a of the prisms of the multi-prismatic element with the vertical axis, for the different values ​​of the second optical refractive index n2 of the multi-prismatic element, the first optical refractive index m being fixed;

[0127] [Fig. 11] represents adjustment curves (fit) of the minimum angle of the entrance face of the prisms as a function of the first optical refractive index m, for different values ​​of the second optical refractive index n2, the inclination angle p and the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2);

[0128] [Fig. 12] represents adjustment curves (fit) of the optimum angle of the entrance face of the prisms as a function of the first optical refractive index m, for different values ​​of the second optical refractive index n2, the inclination angle p and the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2);

[0129] [Fig. 13] schematically represents in side section view a laminated glazing and an infrared lidar vision system according to a first embodiment in which the multi-prismatic element is arranged between the two sheets of glass of the laminated glazing;

[0130] [Fig. 14] schematically represents a detail view of figure 13 in side section view in which the multi-prismatic element is laminated or assembled between two interlayer sheets, for example in PVB, of the laminated glazing;

[0131] [Fig. 15] schematically represents in side section view a glazing including a multi-prismatic element according to a variant of the first embodiment; [Fig. 16] schematically represents in front view a glazing including a multi-prismatic element according to the first or second embodiment;

[0132] [Fig. 17] schematically represents in side sectional view a laminated glazing and an infrared lidar vision system according to a second embodiment in which the inner glass sheet of the laminated glazing comprises a through hole and in which the multi-prismatic element is formed, for example by molding, in a part inserted into the through hole;

[0133] [Fig. 18] schematically represents a detailed view in side section of a glazing including a multi-prismatic element according to a variant of the second embodiment;

[0134] [Fig. 19] schematically represents a detailed view in side section of a glazing including a multi-prismatic element according to another variant of the second embodiment;

[0135] [Fig. 20] schematically represents a detailed view in side section of a glazing including a multi-prismatic element according to yet another variant of the second embodiment;

[0136] [Fig. 21] schematically represents a detailed view in side section of a glazing including a multi-prismatic element according to another variant of the second embodiment;

[0137] [Fig. 22] schematically represents in side section view a laminated glazing and an infrared lidar vision system according to a third embodiment in which the multi-prismatic element is arranged on the main internal face of the glazing;

[0138] [Fig. 23] schematically represents in front view a glazing including a multi-prismatic element according to the third embodiment;

[0139] [Fig. 24] schematically represents in side section view a glazing and an infrared lidar vision system according to a fourth embodiment in which the multi-prismatic element is arranged on the second internal main face of the glazing;

[0140] [Fig. 25] schematically represents in side section view a glazing including and an infrared lidar vision system according to a fifth embodiment in which the laminated glazing comprises a through hole forming a notch on an edge of the glazing and in which the multi-prismatic element is in a support inserted in the notch;

[0141] [Fig. 26] schematically represents in front view a glazing of figure 25;

[0142] [Fig. 27] schematically represents in side sectional view a glazing including a multi-prismatic element according to a sixth embodiment in which the laminated glazing comprises a notch on one edge of the glazing, a support which is another sheet of glass or plastic being inserted into the notch and in which the multi-prismatic element is fixed to the internal face of this support in the notch; [Fig. 28] schematically represents in front view the glazing of figure 27.

[0143] Figures are not to scale.

[0144] In Figure 1, a vehicle glazing (preferably a road vehicle windshield) is schematically represented in a reference plane, for example a laminated glazing with a first main face 11 (called F1) the outermost and an inner main face 14 (F4 or F2 if single glazing). For clarity of the description, it is assumed that the vehicle is on horizontal ground. An orthonormal reference frame XYZ is represented, in which the Z axis is vertical, the X and Y axes are horizontal, and the X axis is in the reference plane. The reference plane is taken, the reference plane comprising a normal to the laminated glazing and a vertical axis Z in the vehicle. The positive direction of the angles used in the present disclosure is also represented. Advantageously, the reference plane passes through the middle of the upper longitudinal edge 10 of the glazing and is a plane of symmetry of the glazing.

[0145] The vehicle on which the laminated glazing is installed or intended is, for example, a road vehicle (car, truck, public transport: bus, coach) or rail vehicle (in particular at a maximum speed of at most 90km / h or at most 70km / h, in particular metros, trams). Laminated glazing finds applications in particular for a windshield, or even a rear window, or even side glazing (including the quarter window). However, the laminated glazing may have at least one radius of curvature so as to be curved. The thickness of the laminated glazing is denoted E 100. The thickness E is generally less than or equal to 1cm, for example 9mm, 8mm, 7mm, 6mm, preferably at most 5mm.

[0146] The glazing 100, 200, 201 to 204, 300, 400, 500, 600, 1000 is installed or intended to be installed on a vehicle by forming an angle of inclination, noted p, with a horizontal axis in the reference plane considered. The angle of inclination p is greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees and even at most 60 degrees, generally between 15° and 20 and 60 degrees, preferably ranging from 20 to 50 degrees, for example 23 deg. or 30 deg. for a motor vehicle windshield. As indicated above, the angle of inclination p has a sign which is positive here.

[0147] The glazing 100, 200, 201 to 204, 300, 400, 500, 600, 1000 has an upper longitudinal edge 10 and a lower longitudinal edge 10', for example parallel to each other and even to the ground. The reference plane here is the lateral section plane of the glazing comprising a normal to the glazing and a vertical axis Z in the vehicle. The reference plane preferably passes through the middle of the upper longitudinal edge 10 and the middle of the lower longitudinal edge 10'.

[0148] A 7 lidar infrared vision system is placed inside the vehicle cabin, spaced apart and behind the laminated glass.

[0149] In a known manner, the infrared vision system 7 comprises a light source 71 and a detection device 72. The light source 71 is arranged and configured to generate a near-infrared emission beam 70. The emission beam 70 is emitted at a working wavelength, LB1, comprised in a spectral range from 800nm ​​to 1800nm, in particular from 850nm to 1600nm, in particular 905±30nm and / or 1550±30nm. The detection device 72 is arranged next to the light source 71 and configured to detect reflected radiation in at least a portion of the field of view of the lidar outside the vehicle. Depending on the type of lidar used, the emission beam 70 is emitted in a direction which is scanned in two transverse dimensions or the emission beam 70 extends along a sheet which is scanned in a single direction transverse to the sheet or the emission beam 70 is flash and does not use scanning.With or without scanning, the emission beam 70 has a given vertical angular aperture and a given horizontal angular aperture.

[0150] In an example of application, the infrared vision system 7 is placed behind the laminated glazing forming the windshield of a motor vehicle, facing a near infrared transmission window 111, transparent to the emission beam of the infrared vision system 7, which is preferably located in the upper and even central part of the windshield. The sectional view figures show examples of window 111 of the windshield in different embodiments as well as the arrangement and orientation of the infrared vision system 7. In this window 111, the infrared vision system is oriented at a certain angle with respect to the surface of the windshield, in particular the fourth main face 14 (F4) of the second glass sheet 2.In particular, the light source 71 may be oriented to form an angle 0 relative to a direction parallel to the ground, i.e. slightly inclined towards the sky, and preferably so that the angle of incidence is close to the normal to the surface of the windshield. In other words, the light source 71 of the LIDAR may be oriented towards the sky at an angle 0 with a field of view adapted to fulfill its functions. The detection device 72 is generally oriented parallel to the light source 71.

[0151] In particular and preferred embodiments, the glazing is laminated glazing comprising:

[0152] - a first glass sheet 1 intended to form the exterior glazing with a first external main face called F1 facing outwards and a second internal main face 12 called F2 facing towards the passenger compartment; for a motor vehicle, the first glass sheet 1 has a thickness preferably of at most 4 mm, and even of at most 3 mm or 2.5 mm, - in particular 2.1 mm, 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - and preferably of at least 0.7 mm or 1 mm;

[0153] - a lamination interlayer 3 made of polymer material having a main face oriented towards the second internal main face 12 and a main face opposite the main face 38; the lamination interlayer 3 is single- or multi-layer, possibly neutral, clear, extra-clear or tinted, in particular gray or green, made of polymer material, preferably thermoplastic and better still made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), preferably for a road vehicle with a thickness of at most 1.8 mm, better still at most 1.2 mm and even at most 0.9 mm (and better still at least 0.3 mm and even at least 0.6 mm), the lamination interlayer 3 is possibly acoustic and / or possibly has a cross-section decreasing in a wedge shape from the top to the bottom of the glazing (in particular a windshield) for a head-up display (HUD for Head Up Display in English); and

[0154] - a second sheet of glass 2 intended to form the interior glazing with a third main face 13 called F3 oriented towards the second internal main face 12 of the first sheet of glass 1 and a fourth main face 14 oriented towards the passenger compartment called F4.

[0155] The first glass sheet 1, in particular based on silica, soda-lime, silicosodo-lime, or aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, has a weight content of total iron oxide (expressed in the form Fe2C>3) of at most 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably at most 0.03% (300 ppm) and at most 0.015% (150 ppm) and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005%. The redox of the first glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15 and in particular between 0.2 and 0.30, in particular between 0.25 and 0.30. In particular, an OPTWHITE glass with a thickness of 1.95 mm is chosen.

[0156] For a road vehicle, the second glass sheet 2 is preferably of a thickness less than that of the first glass sheet 1, even at most 3 mm or 2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even at most 1.3 mm, and preferably at least 0.7 mm, the sum of the thicknesses of the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet preferably being strictly less than 5 or 4 mm, even 3.7 mm.

[0157] In an example of the first embodiment, illustrated in Figures 13-14, the laminated glazing 1000 comprises:

[0158] - a first glass sheet 1 intended to form the exterior glazing with a first external main face 11 (F1) and a second internal main face 12 (F2) facing the passenger compartment; for a motor vehicle, the first glass sheet 1 has a thickness preferably of at most 4 mm, and even of at most 3 mm or 2.5 mm, - in particular 2.1 mm, 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - and preferably of at least 0.7 mm or 1 mm;

[0159] - a lamination interlayer 3 made of polymer material having a front main face oriented towards the second internal main face 12 and a rear main face opposite the front main face; the lamination interlayer 3 is single- or multi-layer; here the lamination interlayer 3 comprises at least one upper interlayer layer 31 with the outermost front face, a lower interlayer layer 32 with the innermost rear face and a multi-prismatic element 20, here internal, between the upper interlayer layer 31 and the lower interlayer layer 32, interlayer possibly neutral, clear, extra-clear possibly serving for the camouflage of the lidar, made of polymer material, preferably thermoplastic and better still polyvinyl butyral (PVB), in particular outside the near infrared transmission window of the lidar, preferably for a road vehicle with a thickness of at most 1.8 mm, better still at most 1.2 mm and even at most 0,9mm (and better at least 0.3mm and even at least 0.6mm), the lamination interlayer 3 is possibly acoustic and / or possibly has a cross-section decreasing in a wedge shape from the top to the bottom of the laminated glazing (in particular a windshield) for a head-up display (HUD for Head Up Display in English); and,

[0160] - a second sheet of glass 2 intended to form the interior glazing with a third main face 13 F3 oriented towards the second internal main face 12 of the first sheet of glass 1 and a fourth main face 14 F4 oriented towards the passenger compartment.

[0161] In a first configuration shown here in connection with Figures 13-16 and Figure 22, the second glass sheet 2, in particular based on silica, soda-lime, soda-lime silica, or aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, is transparent to the working wavelength of the LIDAR like the first glass sheet, for example it has a weight content of total iron oxide (expressed in the form Fe2C>3) of at most 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably at most 0.03% (300 ppm) and at most 0.015% (150 ppm) and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005%. The redox of the second glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15 and in particular between 0.2 and 0.30, in particular between 0.25 and 0.30. We chose in particular a 1.95mm OPTWHITE glass.

[0162] In a second configuration detailed later, in connection with figures 17-21, 24 and even 25 to 28, the second glass sheet 2, in particular based on silica, soda-lime, preferably silicosodo-lime, or even aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, preferably has a weight content of total iron oxide (expressed in the form Fe2Os) of at least 0.4% and preferably at most 1.5%. The second glass sheet 2 is for example based on a glass manufactured by the Applicant called TSAnx (0.5 to 0.6% iron) TSA2+, TSA3+ (0.8 to 0.9% iron), TSA4+ (1% iron), TSA5+, for example green. For example, a TSA3+ glass with a thickness of 1.6 mm is chosen.To transmit the LIDAR beam, the second glass sheet 2 is perforated and preferably a part (insert) is arranged in and / or under the through hole, linked to the second internal main face 12 and possibly forming part of the prismatic element or the prismatic element is linked to this part (front face side or rear face side of the part).

[0163] Advantageously, at least in the near infrared transmission window, the glass sheet(s) are made of glass transparent in the near infrared, as for example described in patent documents WO2018015312 and / or WO2018178278.

[0164] In particular, in the embodiments without a hole in the first glass sheet, the first glass sheet 1 is made of clear or even extra-clear glass. In the embodiments without a hole in the second glass sheet, the second sheet is also made of clear or even extra-clear glass.

[0165] The road vehicle windshield in particular is curved. In a conventional and well-known manner, the windshield is obtained by hot lamination of the first and second glass sheets 1, 2 and the lamination interlayer 3. For example, a lamination interlayer 3 made of clear PVB is chosen here, for example 0.76 mm or 0.38 mm thick. The lamination interlayer may alternatively have a partial or through hole in the near infrared transmission window, the interlayer hole being in line with the through hole 4 of the second sheet (see figures 18-21). The multi-prismatic element may be within this through hole and even the interlayer hole, bonded to the second internal main face 12 by an adhesive layer (thinner interlayer layer of PVB (for example a PVB without plasticizer or with less than 30% plasticizer) or EVA or other OCA adhesive layer (film or coating) and possibly forming camouflage.

[0166] As illustrated in figures 13-28, the laminated glazing is arranged so as to receive the near-infrared emission beam 70 of the lidar 7 in the transmission window 111, in particular in a spacing of the usual masking layer 5 (top longitudinal edge 501 bottom edge 502) and even of a possible usual solar control layer 15 (stack with silver layer(s)) within the glazing (on the second internal main face 12 or the third internal main face 13 or on a polymer carrier film, in particular polyester). The near-infrared transmission window can be located in an enlarged zone of the enamel layer, often in the center and at the top (lower limit 50 of this enlarged zone).

[0167] In the reference plane, the emission beam 70 of the lidar has a median direction of pointing 40 and extends over an internal field of view having a determined vertical angular aperture FOV1. The internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 is for example at most 30 degrees or 25° and better non-zero. Alternatively, the emission beam 70 being collimated, the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 is zero (FOV1=0 degrees).

[0168] In Figure 1, the infrared vision system 7 is shown in two distinct positions and orientations. In dotted lines, the lidar 7 is shown with a horizontal median pointing direction 40 and the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1. The internal vertical angular aperture of the emission beam 70 extends between the extreme straight lines or rays 41 and 42 in the reference plane (plane of Figure 1). The internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 is the sum of the angle between the median direction 40 and the upper extreme ray 41 of the lidar beam 70 propagating inside the vehicle (also called half-opening angle 0.5*FOV1) and the angle between the median direction 40 and the lower extreme ray 42 of the lidar beam 70 propagating inside the vehicle (also called half-opening angle 0.5*FOV1).

[0169] Through a conventional laminated glazing, that is to say without multi-prismatic element 20 of the present disclosure, the emission beam 70 is refracted through the laminated glazing of thickness E, assumed to be constant in the reference plane, and emerges (dashed lines) through the first external main face 11 with a horizontal median pointing direction 45 and its internal vertical angular aperture FOV1. The median pointing direction 45 is parallel to the horizontal median pointing direction 40, and simply offset due to the refraction through the laminated glazing 100 of thickness E. The vertical angular aperture of the emission beam exiting the first external main face 11 extends between the straight lines corresponding to the upper 43 and lower 44 extreme rays in the reference plane.The upper extreme ray 43 is parallel to the upper extreme ray 41, and, respectively, the lower extreme ray 44 is parallel to the lower extreme ray 42. The vertical angular aperture of the emission beam at the exit of the first external main face 11 is therefore equal to the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 of the emission beam 70 incident on the laminated glazing without a multi-prismatic element. The upper extreme ray 43 and lower extreme ray 44 represent the extrema of the pointing direction outside the vehicle when the lidar scans the vertical field of view.

[0170] According to the present disclosure, the laminated glazing 100 comprises a transmission window 111 transparent to near-infrared radiation including a multi-prismatic element 20 transparent to the working wavelength of the LIDAR.

[0171] In the first embodiment, illustrated in figures 13-16, the multi-prismatic element 20 is internal, that is to say arranged within the laminated glazing, being linked to the second internal main face 12 of the first glass sheet 1. According to the variant of the first embodiment illustrated in figure 15, the multi-prismatic element 20 integrates this second internal main face 12 which forms a structured surface 23 (the second sheet forms the second layer) linked to the lamination interlayer 3 thus forming the first layer.

[0172] In the other embodiments, the multi-prismatic element 20 is external to the laminated glazing, and being internally arranged on the passenger compartment side by being linked to the fourth main face 14 or linked to the second main face 12 or even by being within an orifice of the support, in particular multifunctional, or on the main internal surface of this multifunctional support or even in a variant not shown by integrating this fourth internal main face 14 forming the prismatic interface (the second sheet forms the second layer).

[0173] We will now explain the optical operation of the glazing with multi-prismatic element and lidar type infrared vision system in connection with figures 1 and 2. In figure 1, the lidar 7 is represented in solid line with a median direction of pointing 40 inclined at an angle, noted 0, relative to a horizontal axis and with the same vertical angular aperture FOV1. The multi-prismatic element 20 is arranged and configured so as to receive the emission beam 70 and so as to angularly deflect the median pointing direction 45 of the emission beam at the exit of the first external main face 11, by a negative exit angle, advantageously equal to -0, towards the lower longitudinal edge 18 of the laminated glazing 100. In addition, at the exit of the first external main face 11 of the laminated glazing 100, the emission beam 70 has an external field of view with an external vertical angular opening FOV2 greater than the internal vertical angular opening FOV1.

[0174] Figure 2 schematically represents an example of a multi-prismatic element 20 according to the present disclosure, in the reference plane of the laminated glazing.

[0175] The multi-prismatic element 20 comprises a first layer 21 having a first optical refractive index m and a second layer 22 having a second optical refractive index n2 greater than . The first optical refractive index m and the second optical refractive index n2 are generally between 1.20 and 1.80. The second layer 22 may be in contact with the first layer 21 along an interface, defining the structured surface 23. More precisely, the structured surface 23 has, in the reference plane, a profile structured by a series of prisms 24. Each prism 24 has an entry face 25 joined by an edge 27 to another face 26. Each face 26 is neutral, i.e. without optical function. The face 26 is flat or possibly of any shape if such a shape is simpler to manufacture. The prisms are arranged in series and advantageously joined and joined two by two by another edge or, alternatively, joined two by two by a valley.In the example of Figure 2 or 10, the prisms are all identical and of the same orientation. The entry face 25 of each prism is here closer to the lower longitudinal edge 18 of the laminated glazing 100 than the other face 26 of the prism 24 considered.

[0176] In an exemplary embodiment, illustrated for example in Figure 3, the prisms 24 of the same series of prisms are single-dimensional and have edges 27 parallel to each other. For example, the edges 27 are all in a plane parallel to the ground, for example horizontal. In this way, the multi-prismatic element does not modify the horizontal angular aperture of the lidar emission beam.

[0177] According to a particular aspect, all the prisms 24 of the multi-prismatic element 20 form the same angle α with respect to the vertical axis Z.

[0178] The edges of the primes are sharp-angled. Alternatively, the edges of the prisms are rounded.

[0179] According to yet another particular aspect, the prisms 24 of the same series of prisms have two-dimensional geometric shapes, polyhedrons or pyramids. For example, the series of prisms 24 form protruding or hollow pyramids as illustrated in FIG. 4 arranged in a two-dimensional network.

[0180] In the first embodiment illustrated in figures 13-14, the multi-prismatic element 20 is arranged between the two interlayers or sheets 31, 32 of the lamination interlayer 3, in particular PVB. The upper interlayer 31 of the lamination interlayer 3 is arranged between the second internal main face 12 of the first glass sheet 1 and the second layer 22 of the multi-prismatic element 20. The lower interlayer 32 of the lamination interlayer 3 is arranged between the third main face 13 of the second glass sheet 2 and the first layer 21 of the multi-prismatic element 20.

[0181] For example, the second layer 22 of the multi-prismatic element 20 is shaped, for example molded or textured, to form the multi-prismatic structured surface 23, which is then filled with a material having the first refractive index m to form the first layer 21. Alternatively, the first layer 21 of the multi-prismatic element 20 is shaped (molded) or textured, which is then filled with a material having the second refractive index n2, to form the second layer 22. According to yet another alternative, the second layer 22 is formed by the first glass sheet 1, the second main face 12 is textured in the window 111 to form said structured surface 23 and preferably the first layer 21 is an adhesive layer.

[0182] Optionally, the multi-prismatic element 20 comprises an interfacial layer 29, transparent to the working wavelength, arranged between the first layer 21 and second layer 22. In this case, the first layer 21 has the structured surface 23 in contact with the interfacial layer 29 (in particular adhesive, possibly forming a camouflage layer) and the second layer 22 having another structured surface 123 opposite and conforming to the textured surface 23, the other structured surface 123 being in contact with the interfacial layer 29. The structured surface 23 is locally always parallel to the other structured surface 123. Consequently, the interfacial layer 29 does not deflect the emission beam of the lidar, only the first layer 21 and second layer 22 are involved in the calculations of deflection of the lidar beam.

[0183] The multi-prismatic element 20 is arranged so that the second layer 22 is towards the outside, on the side of the second internal main face 12 of the first glass sheet 1. In the transmission window 111, the multi-prismatic element 20 is locally planar or follows the local curvature of the glazing. In the reference plane to the laminated glazing, the multi-prismatic element 20 is inclined at the same angle of inclination p as the laminated glazing 100. In this reference plane, the entry face 25 of each prism 24 here forms an angle a with a vertical axis Z. As indicated above, the angle a has a sign, which is here positive.

[0184] The laminated glazing receives the lidar emission beam propagating along a median direction of pointing 40 inside the vehicle passenger compartment. The median pointing direction 40 forms an angle of incidence denoted i” with the normal to the fourth main face 14 of the laminated glazing 100. The lidar emission beam is refracted and propagates in the first layer 21 of optical refractive index ni. The multi-prismatic element 20 is arranged and configured so as to receive the emission beam 70 on the entry faces 25 of the prisms 24. For example, for a lidar beam performing an angular scan in the reference plane to emit an emission point in angular steps of 0.5 degrees, the dimension of the prisms is adapted as a function of the distance d to receive the emission points of the lidar on a series of entry faces 25 of the multi-prismatic element 20. Of course, the series T1 of prisms generally comprises more than three prisms.

[0185] The lidar beam is transmitted through the first layer of optical refractive index n1 and is then refracted through the entrance face 25 of a prism towards the second layer of optical refractive index n2, greater than m. According to the variants, the lidar beam is then transmitted through the upper interlayer 31 and / or the first glass sheet 1. The median pointing direction 45 of the lidar emission beam emerging from the first external main face 11 forms an angle r with the normal to the first glass sheet 1. The angle r = -TT / 2 -p -i is calculated in which the exit angle / represents the angle of the median pointing direction 45 outside the passenger compartment of the vehicle relative to the horizontal. The relationship between the angle of incidence / '' and the exit angle / is expressed according to the following equation:

[0186] Tl n2T 1 Tl i" = arcsin(n1sin(— — > — a — asin(— -sin(— — a — > — asin( — sin(— — + / ? + / )) ) 2 ni 2 n22

[0187] The multi-prismatic element 20 thus makes it possible to increase the vertical angular aperture FOV2 of the emission beam exiting through the first external main face 1 of the laminated glazing.

[0188] It is thus possible to calculate the angle of incidence i” of the lidar beam inside the vehicle for a median direction of horizontal pointing 45 outside the vehicle as a function of the angle a of the prisms with the vertical axis. A target value is defined for the vertical angular aperture FOV2, for example 30 degrees, of the field of view of the lidar emission beam outside the vehicle. The multi-prismatic device advantageously comprises prisms 24, each forming an angle a of less than 90 - p degrees.

[0189] A method is now described for determining the angle α of the prisms as a function of the other parameters of the multi-prismatic element 20.

[0190] In a first example of this method, in connection with figures 5 to 8, it is considered that the second optical refractive index n2 is determined, the second optical refractive index n2 being preferably greater than or equal to 1.38 and less than or equal to 1.80. Thus, the multi-prismatic element 20 has a fixed first optical refractive index m and the second optical refractive index n2 is varied. For example, the second layer 22 is here a glass having an optical refractive index n2 equal to 1.52. The external vertical angular aperture FOV2 is also predetermined, here equal to 30 degrees. In Figure 5, several curves have been plotted representing the angle of incidence i” as a function of the angle a with the vertical axis Z of the prisms 24 of the multi-prismatic element 20 for different values ​​of the first optical refractive index m between 1.20 and 1.60: for example m being equal to 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.52 or 1.60.It is observed in Figure 5 that the curves corresponding to a first layer 21 having a first optical refractive index m lower than that of the second layer 22 (here glass) make it possible to obtain a positive angle of incidence i”, which makes it possible to reduce the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1. On the other hand, the curves corresponding to a first layer 21 having a first optical refractive index m greater than or equal (m = 1.60 or ni = 1.52) to that of the second layer 22 (n2 = 1.52) do not make it possible to obtain a positive angle of incidence i”. The same method is applied for other values ​​of the optical index m. Possible pairs of values ​​(ni, a) corresponding to a minimum internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 are deduced, as indicated in the following Table I.

[0191] Table I

[0192] To obtain these pairs of values, curves of the external vertical angular aperture FOV2 are calculated, by fixing the value of the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 for the different values ​​of the first optical refractive index ni. In Figure 6, several curves representing the external vertical angular aperture FOV2 have been plotted, for an internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 equal to 30 degrees and for the values ​​of the first optical refractive index m of 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, and 1.60 respectively. These curves make it possible to determine the ranges of entry angle values ​​a making it possible to maximize the vertical angular aperture FOV2 of the external field of view, for each value of optical refractive index m and for the determined value of FOV1. In the following Table II, the minimum values ​​a have been indicated m in and maximum a max of the entrance angle of the prisms allowing to obtain a value of FOV2 greater than FOV1 and the optimal value of the angle a opt allowing to maximize the vertical angular opening FOV2 with respect to FOV1 equal to 30 degrees, for different values ​​of the first optical refractive index m.

[0193] Table II

[0194] By applying the method indicated above, we calculate adjustment curves of the values ​​of the minimum angle a m in as a function of the second optical refractive index n2 for different values ​​of the first optical refractive index m, for different values ​​of the tilt angle p and the vertical angular aperture (FOV2) of the external field of view.

[0195] We obtain the following polynomial adjustment curves E1 to E6 as a function of the second variable optical refractive index x=n2, illustrated in figure 7: E1 = 292.91 x 3 -1548.71 x 2+2787.76 x -1720.61 for p=+30deg, ni=1.40 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, E2 = 326.18 x 3 - 1720.64 x 2 +3087.27 x -1892.29 for p=+20deg, ni=1.40 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees,

[0196] E3 = 175.67 x 3 -942.52 x 2 +1733.38 x -1105.60 for p=+45deg, ni=1.40 and the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees,

[0197] E4 = 48.16 x 3 -281.00 x 2 +575.20 x -418.58 for p=+60deg, ni=1.40 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, E5 = 398.71 x 3 -2143.54 x 2 +3904.30 x -2424.48 for p=+30deg, ni=1.48 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, E6 = 459.88 x 3 -2444.51 x 2 +4396.61 x -2692.71 for p=+30deg, ni = 1.48 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 26 degrees.

[0198] In a similar way, we calculate the adjustment curves of the values ​​of the optimal value of the angle a opt as a function of the second optical refractive index n2 for different values ​​of the first optical refractive index m and for different values ​​of the tilt angle p and the vertical angular aperture (FOV2) of the external field of view.

[0199] The following polynomial adjustment curves F1 to F6 are obtained as a function of the second variable optical refractive index x=n2, illustrated in Figure 8: F1 = 696.64 x 3 -3624.25 x 2 +6337.74 x -3710.96 for p=+30deg, ni=1.40 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, F2 =±87.53 x 3 -4614.73 x 2 +8060.01 x -4709.71 for p=+20deg, ni=1.40 and the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees,

[0200] F3 = 236.33 x 3 -1257.17 x 2+2264.37 x -1369.46 for p=+45deg, ni=1.40 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees,

[0201] F4 = 35.55 x 3 -206.23 x 2 +416.19 x -280.90 for p=+60deg, ni=1.40 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, F5 = 1075.97 x 3 -5680.17 x 2 +10061.75 x -5970.16 for p=+30deg, ni=1.48 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, F6 = 1041.02 x 3 -5496.39 x 2 +9740.87 x -5784.49 for p=+30deg, ni=1.48 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 26 degrees.

[0202] In a second example of this method, in connection with figures 9 to 12, it is considered that the first optical refractive index m is determined, for example equal to 1.45, the second optical refractive index n2 being greater than or equal to 1.20 and less than or equal to 1.52. Thus, the multi-prismatic element 20 has a fixed first optical refractive index m and the second optical refractive index n2 is varied. The external vertical angular aperture FOV2 is also predetermined, here equal to 30 degrees. In Figure 9, several curves have been plotted representing the angle of incidence i” as a function of the angle a with the vertical axis Z of the prisms 24 of the multi-prismatic element 20 for different values ​​of the second optical refractive index n2 between 1.38 and 1.80, n2 being greater than or equal to m: for example n2 being equal to 1.45, 1.48, 1.52 or 1.60.It is observed in Figure 9 that the curves corresponding to a second layer 22 having a second optical refractive index n2 greater than that of the first layer 21 make it possible to obtain a positive angle of incidence i”, which makes it possible to reduce the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1. The same method is applied for other values ​​of the optical index m. These curves make it possible to determine the ranges of angle values ​​a making it possible to increase the external vertical angular aperture FOV2, for each value of optical refractive index n2 and for the determined value of FOV1. In the following Table III, the minimum values ​​a are indicated. m in and maximum □max of the angle of the prisms allowing to obtain a value of FOV2 greater than FOV1 and the optimal value of the angle a opt allowing to maximize the vertical angular opening FOV2 with respect to FOV1 equal to 30 degrees, for different values ​​of the second optical refractive index n2.

[0203] Table III

[0204] To obtain these values, we calculate curves of the vertical angular opening

[0205] FOV2 of the external field of view, by fixing the value of the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 for the different values ​​of the first optical index of refraction m. In Figure 10, several curves representing the external vertical angular aperture FOV2 have been plotted, for an internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 equal to 30 degrees and for the values ​​of the second optical index of refraction n2 of 1.45, 1.48, 1.52, and 1.60 respectively. These curves make it possible to determine the ranges of optimal values ​​of angle aopt allowing to maximize the external vertical angular aperture FOV2 of the external field of view, for each value of optical index of refraction m and for the determined value of FOV1. In the following Table IV, the optimal value of the angle a has been indicated optand the value of the corresponding external vertical angular aperture FOV2 for FOV1 equal to 30 degrees, as well as the size L of the window. This method allows to minimize the size L of the transmission window.

[0206] Table IV

[0207] By applying the method indicated above, we calculate adjustment curves of the values ​​of the minimum angle a m in as a function of the first optical refractive index ni, for different values ​​of the second optical refractive index n2 and for different values ​​of the tilt angle p and the vertical angular aperture (FOV2) of the external field of view.

[0208] We obtain the following polynomial adjustment curves C1 to C7 as a function of the first variable optical refractive index x =n1, illustrated in figure 11:

[0209] C1 = -590.2 x 3 +2235 x 2-2886 x +1247 for p=+30deg, n2=1.52 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, C2 = -621.8 x 3 +2364 x 2 -3060 x +1325 for p=+30deg, n2=1.52 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 26 degrees,

[0210] C3 = -142 x 3 +500.8 x 2 -642.2 x +282.1 for p=+30deg, n2=1.60 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees,

[0211] C4 = -749 x 3 +2865 x 2 -3720 x +1617 for p=+20deg, n2=1.52 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, C5 = -343.5 x 3 +1280 x 2 -1649 x +710.9 for p=+45deg, n2=1.52 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, C6 = -117.3 x 3 +411.4 x 2 -523.4 x +223.9 for p=+60deg, n2=1.52 and vertical aperture (FOV1) less than 30 degrees;

[0212] C7 = -24.69 x 3 +72.48 x2 -108.3 x +65.04 for p=+30deg, n2=1.80 and the vertical angular aperture (FOV1) less than 30 degrees.

[0213] In a similar way, we calculate the adjustment curves of the values ​​of the optimal value of the angle a opt as a function of the first optical refractive index m for different values ​​of the second optical refractive index n2 and for different values ​​of the tilt angle p and the vertical angular aperture (FOV2) of the external field of view. The following polynomial fitting curves D1 to D7 are obtained as a function of the first variable optical refractive index x=n1, illustrated in Figure 12: D1 = -1451 x 3 +5503 x 2 -7038 x +3044 for p=+30deg, n2=1.52 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees,

[0214] D2 = -1381 x 3 +5234 x 2 -6690 x +2894 for p=+30deg, n2=1.52 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 26 degrees,

[0215] D3 = -435.7 x 3 +1595 x 2 -2008 x +884.3 for p=+30deg, n2=1.60 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, D4 = -1687 x 3 +6436 x 2 -8230 x +3560 for p=+20deg, n2=1.52 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, D5 = -537.7 x 3 +1996 x 2 -2522 x +1092 for p=+45deg, n2=1.52 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, D6 = -120.1 x 3 +425.1 x 2 -529.4 x +237.5 for p=+60deg, n2=1.52 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees, D7 = -65.54 x 3 +207.9 x 2 -251.1 x +141 for p=+30deg, n2=1.80 and the external vertical aperture (FOV2) less than 30 degrees.

[0216] Figures 13-28 show different embodiments of the multi-prismatic element 20 which in particular is separated from the glass sheets 1, 2.

[0217] These figures comprise the following common elements. The laminated glazing 200, 201 to 204, 300, 400, 500, 600 comprises a first glass sheet 1, a lamination interlayer 3 and a second glass sheet 2. The infrared vision system 7 is placed in a housing 8, for example made of plastic or metal. The housing 8 is fixed by a fixing means in a removable manner, for example by clipping. The housing 8 is fixed, for example (entirely) to the fourth main face 14 of the second glass sheet 2 by the fixing means in a removable manner, for example by clipping. Alternatively, the housing 8 is fixed to a support 80, preferably multifunctional (a multi-sensor plate, with antenna, etc.) fixed (glued) to the fourth main face 14 of the second glass sheet 2.According to another variant, the housing 8 is fixed to the face F4 or to the support 80 and also to an element of the vehicle, for example the roof of the vehicle, in particular to the interior trim of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and / or to the bodywork 160 which is glued to the periphery of the glazing (on face 14 or face 12 if partial hole or on the support 80 if through hole of the glazing) via an adhesive 60. A seal 161 (extrudate etc.) with preferably a lip 162 is between the bodywork 160 and the edge of the glazing (and even of the support 80 if applicable, see figures 25 and 27).

[0218] According to different embodiments, the light source 71 and the detection device 72 are arranged side by side in a vertical plane (fig. 13), in a horizontal plane or even in an inclined plane (fig. 22). The laminated glazing advantageously comprises a peripheral masking layer 5 (arranged between the first glass sheet 1 and the lamination interlayer 3. The masking layer 5 is in particular on the second internal main face F2 12 of the first glass sheet 1 (enamel etc.). The masking layer 5 is alternately on the front main face of the lamination interlayer 3, 31 (ink on PVB). The masking layer 5 is opaque to visible and near infrared radiation, for example black, such as a layer of enamel or a lacquer. The masking layer 5 is capable of masking the housing 8 of the lidar. The masking layer 5 comprises a spacing of dimensions greater than the horizontal and vertical field of view of the lidar 7.The gap in the masking layer allows the transmission beam 70 of the lidar and the reflected beam to pass towards the detection device 72. The gap in the masking layer has, for example, a rectangular or trapezoidal shape with two large horizontal sides 501, 502 and two small sides (see front view figures).

[0219] According to a second embodiment and its variants, the multi-prismatic element is manufactured separately (comprising at least one part 9) and inserted into a through hole 4 of the second glass sheet 2 (see figures 17 to 21). In the different variants illustrated in figures 17 to 21, the laminated glazing comprises a through hole 4, here closed, in the second glass sheet 2.The through hole 4 is for example of trapezoidal shape and comprises a first large side 401 or longitudinal edge called upper closest to the edge of the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing 10, preferably parallel to this edge 10, for example of length of at most 20cm, and preferably spaced from the edge 10 in particular by at least 5cm or 6cm, a second large side 402 or longitudinal edge called lower (furthest from the edge of the upper longitudinal edge 10, close to the central zone) parallel to the first large side of length of at most 25cm or 20cm and preferably greater than that of the first large side for example 14cm, two small sides or straight or oblique lateral edges. The height (between the large sides 401 and 402) is for example at least 5cm.

[0220] Figure 22 shows a glazing 300 according to a third embodiment, in which the multi-prismatic element 20 is bonded, by an adhesive for example in the format of a camouflage layer 110, to the fourth main face 14 of the second glass sheet 2. This embodiment has the advantage of not weakening the structure of the laminated glazing. In particular, the multi-prismatic element 20 (block 9) is within an orifice 81 of a multifunction support 80 perforated for this purpose. The through-hole 4 in the second sheet may have rounded corners. The through-hole 4 is advantageously in a peripheral central region along the upper longitudinal edge 10 of the laminated glazing forming a windshield. The closed or emerging through-hole 4 may be in another region of the windshield or even in another glazing of the vehicle, in particular the rear window.

[0221] According to a fourth embodiment, as illustrated in Figure 24, the through hole 4 is a partial notch, for example of trapezoidal or rectangular shape, that is to say a through hole preferably opening onto the roof side, bodywork 160 (on the upper longitudinal edge 10). The through hole 4 may have rounded corners. The through hole 4 is advantageously in a peripheral central region along the upper longitudinal edge 10 of the laminated glazing forming the windshield. The closed or opening through hole 4 may be in another region of the windshield or even in another glazing of the vehicle, in particular the rear window.

[0222] The spacing of the masking layer 5 is of dimensions greater than or equal to those of the through hole 4. Preferably, the spacing of the masking layer 5 is arranged at right angles to the through hole 4. The dimensions of the through hole 4 are adapted for the passage of the emission beam 70 of the lidar over the horizontal and vertical field of view of the lidar 7. The through hole also allows the passage of the reflected beam in the direction of the detection device 72 over the entire field of view of the lidar.

[0223] In the second embodiment and its variants illustrated in figures 17 to 21, the laminated glazing 100 comprises a part 9 arranged at least partly in the through hole 4. The part 9 is made of transparent mineral material (in particular glass or glass-ceramic) or plastic (PMMA for example) at least at the working wavelength of the lidar. For example, the multi-prismatic element 20 comprises the part 9. The multi-prismatic element 20 is here glued to the rear main face of the lamination interlayer 3, preferably made of PVB.

[0224] Part 9 can be the first layer (it is textured) or carry a textured coating.

[0225] Alternatively, the lamination interlayer 3 is locally of lesser thickness than the through hole 4, to form a more transparent upper interlayer 31 bonded on one face to the first glass sheet 1 and on the opposite face to the main front surface of the multi-prismatic element 20 including the part 9 (figure 18).

[0226] In the example illustrated in figure 19, the multi-prismatic element 20 including the part 9 has a main connecting surface 91 in front (towards the outside), and which is connected for example by a camouflage glue 110. As a variant this glue 110 forms the second layer 22 and the first layer is a textured part or with a textured coating oriented towards the face F2.

[0227] In the example illustrated in Figure 20, the multi-prismatic element 20 including the part 9 has a front main surface which is in adhesive contact (directly) with the face F2 12.

[0228] In the example illustrated in Figure 21, the multi-prismatic element 20 including the part 9 has a front main surface which is bonded to a thin adhesive layer for example of PVB or EVA or OCA 3T. A camouflage film 110 is sandwiched between another thin adhesive layer on the face F2 12 and the thin adhesive layer 31'.

[0229] It is preferred that the prismatic element be spaced from the walls delimiting the through hole 4. It can be placed before lamination (in particular if the interlayer is kept even thinned) or after lamination (in particular if layer(s) of OCA glue, in particular PSA).

[0230] In another example of the first embodiment illustrated in figure 13, the lamination interlayer 3 comprises a relief at the right of the through hole 4. In this example, the part 9 comprises the multi-prismatic element 20 arranged between two sheets 16, 17 of PVB and / or clear optical adhesive (or OCA for “Optically clear adhesive” in English terminology).

[0231] In the examples of the second embodiment illustrated in figures 21 and 22, the multiprismatic element 20 (part 9) comprises a functional coating 110 on the surface facing the passenger compartment. The functional coating 110 is for example an anti-reflection coating at the working wavelength of the lidar. Patent document WO2022 / 200735 describes for example such an anti-reflection layer in the IR.

[0232] Advantageously, the first glass sheet 1, the lamination interlayer 3, the multiprismatic element 20 (the part 9) with the antireflective element 110 has a total transmission of at least 90.0% at the working wavelength. Optionally, the glazing 100 further comprises a functional layer 110 arranged on the second internal main face 12 called F2 of the first glass sheet 1 (fig. 21). The functional layer 110 is for example a heating layer transparent in the IR or a camouflage layer. The patent document WO2022 / 208025 describes for example a layer of transparent conductive oxide (TCO), transparent in the IR and making it possible to locally heat the glazing. The patent document WO2022 / 219273 describes for example a camouflage layer arranged between the face F2 of a glazing and the front face of a part. Patent document WO2023 / 118710, for example, describes an adhesive camouflage layer.

[0233] The housing 8 is preferably fixed by removable fixing means on a support 80 or plate fixed to the fourth main face 14 of the second glass sheet 2.

[0234] According to a particular and advantageous aspect that can be combined with any of the embodiments described, the support 80 is multifunctional, arranged so as to allow the integration of several other sensors, such as a rain sensor 601 and / or an area for a thermal camera 602 and / or an area for a camera operating in the visible range 603. The sensors are for example arranged on the periphery of the plate 80 around the multi-prismatic element 20 dedicated to the lidar (see figures 23, 28).

[0235] Figures 23, 26 and 28 show a front view of a glazing according to embodiments. The edges 801, 802, 803, 804 of the support 80 and possibly the edges 401, 402, 403, 404 of the through hole are observed. In Figures 27 and 28, the multi-prismatic element 20 is mounted on the support 80 inside the vehicle.

[0236] Particularly advantageously, the glazing system comprises a plate 80 forming a base for the multi-prismatic element 20, and possibly for one or more other sensors 601, 602, 603, such as a rain sensor, visible camera, etc. The plate 80 is linked to the rear main face 14 of the glazing and / or to the housing 8 and / or to the interior trim of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. According to an exemplary embodiment, the plate 80 is transparent to the radiation of the lidar, the multi-prismatic element then being placed on the rear face of this plate 80, on the passenger compartment side or even this plate forms the second layer if textured. In this case, the plate comprises a masking arranged along the longitudinal edge to protect the seals of the glazing. According to another exemplary embodiment, the plate is opaque or absorbent to the radiation of the lidar, the plate 80 comprising a through hole or a notch in which the multi-prismatic element is arranged.

[0237] Figures 25 to 28 show a glazing according to fifth and sixth embodiments in which the laminated glazing comprises a complete through hole 4 and even here a notch 4' through all the sheets of the glazing 500, 600 in particular the two glass sheets 1, 2, the lamination interlayer 3 and the masking layer 5 and in which the multi-prismatic element 20 preferably comprising a part 9 is inserted into the through hole and fixed to a support in particular multifunctional inserted into the notch 4' (figures 27, 28). The through hole 4' or the notch passes through the first glass sheet 1, the lamination interlayer 3 and the second glass sheet 2 of the laminated glazing. The support (or plate 80) is shaped and arranged so as to close the through hole 4'.Preferably, the main external surface of the support 80 is flush or sub-flush with the main external surface 11 of the first glass sheet 1 so as to form a continuous main external surface for the glazing 400 (see fig. 25, 27).

[0238] The support 80 may be part of the near-infrared transmission window 111 for the lidar. In this case, the support 80 comprises, for example, a plastic material or a glass transparent to the working wavelength of the lidar. The support 80 is monolithic or laminated, for example laminated with a plastic sheet. According to an advantageous aspect, the support 80 arranged on the external face of the glazing (fig. 27, 28) may comprise a hydrophobic external coating which prevents the stagnation of raindrops. Such a hydrophobic coating comprises, for example, a fluoropolymer which provides self-cleaning, anti-stain and / or moisture-resistant properties.

[0239] The multi-prismatic element 20, for example formed by molding, is fixed to the main internal surface of the support 80 for example by an adhesive 6 for example camouflage 110. Optionally, the main internal surface of the multi-prismatic element 20 is flush with the main internal surface 12 of the second glass sheet 2 so as to form a continuous main internal surface for the glazing 600.

[0240] Figures 25-26 show an example of glazing 500 according to an example of the fifth embodiment in which the laminated glazing comprises a total notch 4' on one edge, here the upper longitudinal edge 10 of the glazing 400. The notch extends through all the sheets of the glazing 400, in particular the two glass sheets 1, 2, the lamination interlayer 3 and the masking layer 5. In this variant, a support 80 (opaque plastic, with an orifice 81 housing the multi-prismatic element 20, is shaped and arranged so as to close the notch 4'. Preferably, the outer main surface of the multi-prismatic element 20 is flush or sub-flush with the outer main surface 11 of the first glass sheet 1 so as to form a continuous outer main surface for the glazing 500. Optionally, a layer 101 is arranged on the main internal face of the multi-prismatic element 20 facing towards the interior of the passenger compartment.

[0241] In the fifth and sixth embodiments, in particular as illustrated in figures 25 and 27, the plate 80 forming a support is fixed, for example by gluing or by a seal 61 to the glazing.

[0242] According to a particular aspect applicable to embodiments 500 and especially 600, a masking layer 82 (coating) is arranged on the support 80 (possibly transparent), opaque in the visible and in the near infrared, for example black in color, in particular at the working wavelength. The masking layer 82 protects the glue 60 from UV rays, in particular if necessary.

[0243] According to a particular aspect applicable to all embodiments, a camouflage layer (adhesive coating or not) is arranged on the front face of the multi-prismatic element 20 or on the support 80 or the face F2 or F4. The camouflage layer extends at least over the front surface of the multi-prismatic element. Advantageously, the camouflage layer extends over the surface of the masking layer 5 so as to ensure the continuity of the masking layer 5. The camouflage layer is opaque in the visible, for example black in color, and transparent in the near infrared, in particular at the working wavelength. The camouflage layer is in the form of a film or adhesive coating.

Claims

Claims

1. Glazing system comprising a vehicle glazing (100 to 600), the glazing comprising a first glass sheet (1) intended to form the exterior glazing with a first external main face (11) and a second main face (12) facing the passenger compartment, and, when the glazing is laminated, comprising a second glass sheet (2) intended to form the interior glazing with a third main face (13) facing the second main face (12) and a fourth main face (14) facing the passenger compartment, and a lamination interlayer (3, 31) made of polymer material arranged between the second internal main face (12) and the third main face (13), the glazing being intended to form an inclination angle (P) of less than 90 degrees with a horizontal axis, the glazing having a near-infrared transmission window (111) at a working wavelength in a near-infrared range,the near infrared transmission window (111) being capable of receiving an emission beam (70) at said working wavelength from a lidar vision system (7) intended to be arranged in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the emission beam (70) having, in a reference plane which is a lateral section plane of the glazing, a median pointing direction (40), the reference plane comprising a normal to the glazing and a vertical axis (Z) in the vehicle, in the near infrared transmission window, an optical device, the emission beam (70) extending over an internal field of view having an internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1), inside the vehicle, at the exit of the glazing having an external field of view of external vertical angular aperture (FOV2), characterized in that: the optical device comprises a multi-prismatic element (20), linked to the glazing,the multi-prismatic element (20) comprising a multi-layer stack comprising a first layer (21) having a first optical refractive index m greater than 1.00 at the working wavelength and a second layer (22) having a second optical refractive index n2 greater than the first optical refractive index m at the working wavelength, the multi-prismatic element (20) being arranged so that the second layer (22) is more external than the first layer (21), a structured surface (23) being defined between the first layer (21) and the second layer (22), said structured surface (23) having in the reference plane a profile structured by a series of prisms (24), each prism (24) having an entry face (25), and in that the multi-prismatic element (20) is arranged and configured so as to receive the emission beam (70) on entry faces (25) of the series of prisms (24),each entry face (25) forming an entry angle (a) determined with the vertical axis (Z) in the reference plane, so, that the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) is greater than the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1).

2. Glazing system according to claim 1, wherein the median pointing direction (45) of the output emission beam is deflected relative to the median pointing direction (40) of the input emission beam (70), and the median pointing direction (45) of the output emission beam forms an exit angle iO relative to the horizontal axis in the reference plane, with iO = 0±5 degrees and even 0±2 degrees, the entry angle (a) of the entry face (25) of each prism (24), the entry angle (a) is at least -50° or -40° and less than 90°-p and / or even less than or equal to 40°, in particular the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) is greater than or equal to 26° and even 30°.

3. Glazing system according to one of claims 1 or 2, in which the first optical refractive index m is less than or equal to 1.52 and better still greater than or equal to 1.20, the angle of inclination (P), the second optical refractive index n2 given the entrance angle (a) of the entrance face (25) of each prism (24) is greater than or equal to a minimum angle a m in ±2 degrees and even ±1 degree, the minimum angle has m in being calculated as a function of the first variable optical refractive index x =m according to one of the following polynomial curves C1, C3 to C7: C1 = -590.2 x 3 +2235 x 2 -2886 x +1247 for the inclination angle of 30 ±5 degrees excluding 25 degrees, n2=1.52±0.03, C3 = -142 x 3 +500.8 x 2 -642.2 x +282.1 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.60± 0.05 excluding 1.55, C4 = -749 x 3 +2865 x 2-3720 x +1617 for the tilt angle of 20 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.52±0.03, C5 = -343.5 x 3 +1280 x 2 -1649 x +710.9 for the inclination angle of 45 ± 10 degrees excluding 35 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03, C6 = -117.3 x 3 +411.4 x 2 -523.4 x +223.9 for the inclination angle of 60 ± 5 degrees excluding 55 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03, C7 = -24.69 x 3 +72.48 x 2 -108.3 x +65.04 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.80±0.15 excluding 1.

65.

4. Glazing system according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the first optical refractive index m is less than or equal to 1.52 and even greater than or equal to 1.20 and even greater than or equal to 1.3, the inclination angle (P) and the second optical refractive index n2 being given, the entry angle (a) of the entry face (25) of each prism (24) being equal to an optimum angle a opt± 2 degrees and even ± 1 degree, the optimum angle has opt being calculated as a function of the first variable optical refractive index x=m according to one of the following polynomial curves D1, D3 to D7: D1 = -1451 x 3 +5503 x 2 -7038 x +3044 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees excluding 25 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03, D3 = -435.7 x 3 +1595 x 2 -2008 x +884.3 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.60± 0.05 excluding 1.55, D4 = -1687 x 3 +6436 x 2 -8230 x +3560 for the tilt angle of 20 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03, D5 = -537.7 x 3 +1996 x 2 -2522 x +1092 for the inclination angle of 45 ± 10 degrees excluding 35 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03, D6 = -120.1 x 3 +425.1 x 2 -529.4 x +237.5 for the inclination angle of 60 ± 5 degrees excluding 55 degrees, n2=1.52± 0.03, D7 = -65.54 x 3 +207.9 x 2-251.1 x +141 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, n2=1.80± 0.15 excluding 1.

65.

5. Glazing system according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the second optical refractive index n2 is preferably less than or equal to 1.80, the inclination angle (P) and the first optical refractive index m being given, the entry angle (a) of the entry face (25) of each prism (24) is greater than or equal to a minimum entry angle a m in ± 2 degrees and even ± 1 degree, the minimum entry angle has m in being calculated as a function of the second variable optical refractive index x=n2 according to one of the following polynomial curves E1 to E5: E1 = 292.91 x 3 -1548.71 x 2 +2787.76 x -1720.61 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees excluding 25 degrees, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48, E2 = 326.18 x 3 -1720.64 x 2+3087.27 x -1892.29 for the inclination angle of 20 ± 5 degrees, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48, E3 = 175.67 x 3 -942.52 x 2 +1733.38 x -1105.60 for the inclination angle of 45 ± 5 degrees excluding 35 degrees, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48, E4 = 48.16 x 3 -281.00 x 2 +575.20 x -418.58 for the inclination angle of 60 ± 5 degrees excluding 55°, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48, E5 = 8.71 x 3 -2143.54 x 2 +3904.30 x -2424.48 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, m of at least 1.

48.

6. Glazing system according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the second optical refractive index n2 is preferably less than or equal to 1.80, the inclination angle (P), the first optical refractive index m being given, the entry angle (a) of the entry face (25) of each prism (24) being equal to an optimum entry angle a opt± 2 degrees and even ± 1 degree, the optimum entry angle has opt being calculated as a function of the second variable optical refractive index x=n2 following one of the following polynomial curves F1 to F5: F1 = 696.64 x 3 -3624.25 x 2 +6337.74 x -3710.96 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees excluding 25°, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48, F2 =±87.53 x 3 -4614.73 x 2 +8060.01 x -4709.71 for the inclination angle of 20 ± 5 degrees, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48, F3 = 236.33 x 3 -1257.17 x 2 +2264.37 x -1369.46 for the inclination angle of 45 ± 10 degrees excluding 35°, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48, F4 = 35.55 x 3 -206.23 x 2 +416.19 x -280.90 for the inclination angle of 60 ± 5 degrees excluding 55°, ni=1.40+0.08 excluding 1.48, F5 = 1075.97 x 3 -5680.17 x 2+10061.75 x -5970.16 for the inclination angle of 30 ± 5 degrees, nor at least 1.

48.

7. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said structured surface (23) is structured in a single direction, the series of prisms (24) having in particular edges (27) parallel to each other.

8. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims, in which the first layer (21) is in contact with the second layer (22), the structured surface (23) is an interface, or in which the stack comprises an interfacial layer (29) transparent to the working wavelength, in particular a bonding and / or camouflage layer, the interfacial layer (29) is between the first layer (21) and the second layer (22), the first layer (21) having the structured surface (23) in contact with the interfacial layer (29) and the second layer (22) having another structured surface (123) conforming to the textured surface (23), the other structured surface (123) being in contact with the interfacial layer (29).

9. A glazing system according to any preceding claim, wherein one of the first layer (21) and the second layer (22) is textured thereby forming the structured surface (23), and is a partially textured coating, in particular on a glass or polymer, or is a partially textured glass or polymer.

10. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims, in which one of the first layer (21) and the second layer (22) is textured, thus forming the structured surface (23), in particular a partially textured film or coating, and the other of the first layer (21) and the second layer (22) being a layer of crosslinked polymer which is optionally adhesive, in particular the first layer (21) is made of polyacrylate or silicone and the second layer is preferably textured.

11. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims, in which the second layer is a glass and the first layer is chosen from a PMMA film, an adhesive layer, thermoplastic or crosslinked material, in particular EVA or PVB, or in that the second layer is a polycarbonate film and the first layer is chosen from a PMMA film, an adhesive layer of crosslinked material or the lamination interlayer, in particular EVA or PVB and / or in that the first layer is a coating on a glass or plastic and the second layer is optionally the lamination interlayer of the glazing laminated or an adhesive layer or even a support, in particular multifunctional, in a through hole of the glazing, monolithic or laminated, in particular through hole forming a notch.

12. System according to one of the preceding claims, in which the glazing is laminated, the second layer (22) is bonded to the second main face (12) by an adhesive layer, which is the lamination interlayer (3), or the lamination interlayer (3) having an interlayer orifice at the level of the multi-prismatic element (20), the second layer (22) is bonded by an adhesive layer (6) to the second main face (12), in particular forming a camouflage layer, or in that one of the first layer (21) and second layer (22) is formed in the lamination interlayer (3) of the laminated glazing or in an adhesive layer, the other of the first layer (21) and the second layer (22) is textured thus forming said structured surface (23), in particular a partially textured film (9) or a partially textured coating, or in that the second layer (22) is bonded to a rear main face of a support (80), in particular multifunctional,in a through hole of the glazing by an adhesive layer (110), in particular forming a camouflage layer.,

13. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims, in which the second layer (22) is bonded to the second main face (12) preferably glued or in adhesive contact with the preferably laminated glazing, and / or in which the multi-prismatic element (20) is wholly or partly in a partial or through hole of the preferably laminated glazing, in particular the multi-prismatic element being bonded to the glazing and / or being bonded to a support (80), in particular multifunctional, arranged in the through hole and bonded to the glazing, in particular multi-prismatic element bonded to a rear main face of the support transparent to the working wavelength or to an internal wall of a through orifice of the support, in particular multifunctional.

14. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims, in which the second layer (22) is internal to the laminated glazing, in particular the second layer (22) being bonded to the second main face (12) of the laminated glazing and even the first layer is bonded to the third main face, or in that the multi-prismatic element (20) is housed in a through hole of the glazing, in particular laminated, in particular bonded to a support (80), in particular multifunctional, integral with the glazing, closed or through hole forming a notch, or in that the prismatic element (20) is internal, the second layer (22) being bonded to the second face of the monolithic glazing or to the fourth main face (14) internal to the laminated glazing.

15. Glazing system according to one of claims 1 to 13, in which the second sheet of glass (2) or plastic being transparent to the working wavelength, the first layer (21) is bonded to the third main face (13) of the laminated glazing by an adhesive layer transparent to the working wavelength, in particular by the lamination interlayer (3) or the first layer (21) is in adhesive contact with the third main face (13), and / or in that the second layer (22) is bonded to the second main face (12) by a layer transparent adhesive at the working wavelength, in particular by the lamination interlayer (3) or the second layer (21) is in adhesive contact with the second main face (12).

16. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims, in which it comprises in the near infrared transmission window, a part (9) transparent to the working wavelength, in particular glass or plastic, arranged in or under a through hole of the second glass sheet (2) of the laminated glazing and bonded to the second main face, part forming the second layer or the first layer or bonded to the first layer, and preferably the inner main face of the first layer (21) opposite the structured surface (27) comprises an anti-reflection layer at the working wavelength.

17. Glazing system according to the preceding claim, in which the part (9) has a main surface facing the second main face which is textured (23), part thus forming the first layer (21), or having a textured coating forming the first layer (21), or having an adhesive layer forming the first layer (21) or fixing the first layer (21) and preferably the main surface of the part facing the passenger compartment comprises an anti-reflection layer at the working wavelength.

18. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which it comprises a peripheral masking layer (5) bonded to the second main face (12) and possibly another masking layer (82) on a main surface of a support (80), in particular multifunctional, in a through hole of the laminated glazing and in particular in which the near infrared transmission window is in an opening of the masking layer (5) and even of the possible other masking layer (82).

19. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, in the near infrared transmission window, the glazing comprises a functional layer which is preferably a camouflage layer, in particular arranged in the opening of a masking layer, upstream or downstream of the multi-prismatic element (20) or forming part of the multi-prismatic element (20), and in which in particular the camouflage layer is adhesive, bonding the multi-prismatic element to one of the main faces of the glazing or of a support (80) in particular multifunctional in a through hole of the laminated glazing or of a part (9) in a through hole of the second sheet of the laminated glazing or bonding the first textured layer with the second textured layer.

20. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a lidar infrared vision system, the infrared vision system comprising a light source (71) and a detection device (72) in which preferably the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) is greater than the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) by at least 5°, the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) is less than or equal to 26 degrees.

21. Method for obtaining said multi-prismatic element with the first layer of refractive index n1 and the second layer of refractive index n2 for the glazing system according to one of the preceding claims comprising: - definition of an angle of incidence i” relative to the normal to the glazing of a pointing direction (45) of the lidar upstream of the glazing as a function of the exit angle i of the pointing direction (45) downstream of the glazing relative to the horizontal and of the entry angle a, definition of i” according to the following equation EQ1: n n2n 1 ni"(i,a) = arcsin(n1sin(— — B — a — asin(— -sin(— — a — B — asin( — sin(— — + B + j)) ) 2 ni 2 n22 with p being said tilt angle, n2 being greater than m at the working wavelength, determination of the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) of the internal field of view of the Lidar, the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) of the external field of view of the Lidar being fixed, by the following equation EQ2: FOV1(a) = |i"(a, i= iO+FOV2 / 2) - i"(a, i=i0- FOV2 / 2)| with iO being an exit angle of a median pointing direction (45) of the lidar downstream of the glazing relative to the horizontal preferably iO = 0±5 degrees and even 0±2 degrees - determination of the minimum entry angle a m in such that the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) is greater than the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) thus defined, in particular FOV1 is at most 30° or 26°, preferably the difference between the external and internal vertical angular apertures is at least 5° -and / or determination of the optimal entry angle a opt to maximize the vertical angular aperture (FOV2) of the external field of view relative to the vertical angular aperture (FOV1) of the internal field of view, with selection of a preferred angle equal to a opt ±10 degrees.

22. Method for obtaining said multi-prismatic element with the first layer of refractive index n1 and the second layer of refractive index n2 for the glazing system according to one of claims 1 to 20: - determination of an external vertical angular aperture (FOV2), given by the following equation EQ3: FOV2(a) = |i(a, i”= i”0+FOV1 / 2 ) - i(a, i”=i”0- FOV1 / 2 )| with FOV1 which is said internal vertical angular aperture with i”0 angle of incidence relative to the normal to the glazing of a median pointing direction (45) of the lidar upstream of the glazing j(a, i") is given by the equation EQU4 z „ j(j n2 being greater than ni at the working wavelength, with p the angle of inclination of the glazing relative to the horizontal, - determination of a minimum entry angle a such that the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) is greater than the vertical angular aperture (FOV1) of the internal field of view, in particular FOV1 is at most 30° or 26°, preferably the difference between the external and internal vertical angular apertures is at least 5°. - and / or determination of the optimal angle a optto maximize the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) relative to the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) of the field of view, with selection of a preferred angle equal to a op t±10 degrees.

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