Bifacial semi-transparent solar cell and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a bifacial semi-transparent solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof. The present invention comprises: a light-absorbing and transmitting layer formed on a first electrode; and a second electrode formed on the light-absorbing and transmitting layer, wherein the light-absorbing and transmitting layer comprises a light-transmitting part including at least one isolation insulating pattern, and a light-absorbing part including at least one light-absorbing pattern.

Description

Double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell and method for manufacturing the same

[0001] The present invention relates to a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell and a method for manufacturing the same, and more specifically, to a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell without color distortion, including a light-transmitting portion including an isolation insulating pattern on a transparent electrode substrate and a light-absorbing portion including a light-absorbing pattern, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0002]

[0003] Solar power generation devices, which convert light energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect, are widely used as a means of generating clean energy that contributes to the preservation of the global environment. As the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of solar cells improves, many solar power systems equipped with solar power generation devices are being installed not only for residential purposes but also on the exteriors of commercial buildings.

[0004] In addition, there is an increasing demand for thin-film solar cell technology with transparency in order to utilize solar cells as self-power sources for various electronic devices that require transparency.

[0005] In order to secure the transmittance of solar cells, existing semi-transparent solar cell technology forms a light-transmitting portion by removing some areas of the solar cell element using laser etching, etching, etc.

[0006] However, the method of removing the light-transmitting area through separate laser etching, etching, etc. to manufacture a semi-transparent solar cell has disadvantages in applying it as a commercial technology because the process is complex and a high-cost process is required to remove the formed material.

[0007] In addition, the method of removing the light-transmitting area through separate laser etching, etching, etc. to manufacture a semi-transparent solar cell has the possibility of performance degradation due to element deterioration or impurities occurring during the process of removing a separate part of the element.

[0008]

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention provides a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell without color distortion, including a pixelated light-absorbing pattern on a transparent electrode substrate and an insulating insulating pattern surrounding the same, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0010] An embodiment of the present invention is intended to provide a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell capable of controlling transmittance through structural control of an absorption pattern or an isolation insulating pattern, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0011] An embodiment of the present invention provides a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell capable of color control by forming a multilayered isolation insulating pattern capable of implementing color in a light-transmitting portion, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0012]

[0013] A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a light-absorbing and transparent layer formed on a first electrode; and a second electrode formed on the light-absorbing and transparent layer; wherein the light-absorbing and transparent layer comprises a light-transmitting portion including at least one insulating pattern and an absorbing portion including at least one absorbing pattern.

[0014] The above light-absorbing transparent layer may include at least two or more light-absorbing patterns, including a pixelated light-absorbing pattern and the above-mentioned insulating pattern surrounding the pixelated light-absorbing pattern.

[0015] The above light-absorbing, transparent layer may include at least two or more insulating patterns, including a pixelated insulating pattern and an absorbing pattern surrounding the pixelated insulating pattern.

[0016] The area of ​​the above light-absorbing portion may be 10% to 90% of the area of ​​the above light-absorbing transparent layer.

[0017] The width of the above absorption pattern or the above isolation insulating pattern may be 10 μm to 1000 μm.

[0018] The above absorption pattern may include at least one of CuInS2(CIS), CuGaS2(CGS), CuInSe2(CISe), CuGaSe2(CGSe), CuAlSe2(CASe), CuInTe2(CITe), CuGaTe2(CGTe), Cu(In,Ga)S2(CIGS), Cu(In, Ga)Se2(CIGSe), Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS), CdTe and Sb2(S,Se)3.

[0019] The color of the above light-emitting portion can be controlled by adjusting the multilayer structure of the above isolation insulating pattern.

[0020] The above-mentioned isolation pattern may include at least one of Al2O3, MgF2, SiO2, ZnO, ZnSnO, ZnTiO, and TiO2.

[0021] The above double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell may include an electrical contact layer between the first electrode and the light-absorbing and transparent layer.

[0022] The above double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell may include at least one of a buffer layer and a window layer between the light-absorbing and transparent layer and the second electrode.

[0023] A method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on a first electrode; and forming a second electrode on the light-absorbing and transparent layer; wherein the step of forming the light-absorbing and transparent layer on the first electrode comprises: forming an insulating layer on the first electrode; forming a photoresist on the insulating layer; patterning the photoresist to form a photoresist pattern; etching the insulating layer using the photoresist pattern to form an insulating pattern; forming an absorbing layer on the first electrode and the photoresist pattern; and removing the photoresist pattern to form an absorbing pattern.

[0024] The step of forming an absorption layer on the first electrode and the photoresist pattern may include the step of forming an absorption precursor layer on the first electrode and the photoresist pattern; and the step of heat-treating the absorption precursor layer to form the absorption layer.

[0025] The step of forming an insulating layer on the first electrode may be performed at least twice to form a multi-layered insulating layer.

[0026] The step of forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on the first electrode may further include a step of forming an electrical contact layer on the first electrode.

[0027] The step of forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on the first electrode may further include a step of forming at least one of a buffer layer and a window layer on the light-absorbing and transparent layer.

[0028]

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell without color distortion and a method for manufacturing the same can be provided, including a pixelated light-absorbing pattern on a transparent electrode substrate and an insulating insulating pattern surrounding the pixelated light-absorbing pattern.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell capable of controlling transmittance through structural control of an absorption pattern or an isolation insulating pattern and a method for manufacturing the same can be provided.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell capable of color control and a method for manufacturing the same can be provided by forming a multilayered isolation insulating pattern capable of implementing color on a light-transmitting portion.

[0032]

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a pixelated absorption pattern, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a pixelated isolation insulating pattern, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional diagram illustrating a pixelated isolation insulating pattern and a pixelated multilayer structured isolation insulating pattern.

[0035] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention including an isolation insulating pattern in a light-transmitting portion.

[0036] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a multi-layered isolation insulating pattern in a light-transmitting portion.

[0037]

[0038] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings and the contents described in the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited or restricted by the embodiments.

[0039] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention. In this specification, the singular includes the plural unless specifically stated otherwise. The terms "comprises" and / or "comprising" as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other components or steps.

[0040] The terms “embodiment,” “example,” “aspect,” “example,” and the like as used herein are not to be construed as implying that any aspect or design described is better or advantageous over other aspects or designs.

[0041] Also, the term 'or' implies an inclusive or rather than an exclusive or. That is, unless stated otherwise or clear from context, the expression 'x utilizes a or b' means any one of the natural inclusive permutations.

[0042] Additionally, as used in this specification and claims, the singular forms “a” or “an” should generally be construed to mean “one or more” unless otherwise indicated or clear from the context to be in the singular form.

[0043] The terms used in the following description have been selected as common and universal in the relevant technical fields. However, other terms may be used depending on technological developments and / or changes, customs, and the preferences of technicians. Therefore, the terms used in the following description should not be construed as limiting the technical concepts, but rather as exemplary terms used to describe the embodiments.

[0044] Additionally, in certain cases, the applicant may arbitrarily select terms, in which case their detailed meanings will be described in the relevant description. Therefore, the terms used in the following description should be understood not simply as names, but based on their inherent meaning and the overall context of the specification.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein may be used in their common sense to those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Furthermore, terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are not to be interpreted ideally or excessively unless explicitly and specifically defined otherwise.

[0046] Meanwhile, when describing the present invention, if a detailed description of a related known function or configuration is judged to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, such detailed description will be omitted. Furthermore, the terminology used in this specification is intended to appropriately express embodiments of the present invention and may vary depending on the intent of the user or operator, or the customary practices in the field to which the present invention pertains. Therefore, the definitions of these terms should be based on the contents throughout this specification.

[0047]

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a pixelated absorption pattern, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a pixelated isolation insulating pattern, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional diagram illustrating a pixelated isolation insulating pattern and a pixelated multilayer structured isolation insulating pattern.

[0050] A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a light-absorbing and transparent layer formed on a first electrode (110) and a second electrode formed on the light-absorbing and transparent layer.

[0051] Moreover, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a light-transmitting portion (120) including at least one insulating pattern (121, 122) and an absorbing portion (130) including at least one absorbing pattern (131, 132).

[0052] Accordingly, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention has a light-absorbing portion (130) selectively formed in some areas on a transparent electrode to absorb sunlight and generate power, and a light-transmitting portion (120) including a transparent isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) is formed in the remaining areas to provide transparency and to enable double-sided light reception.

[0053] In addition, the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention can secure both optical characteristics and device performance without color distortion.

[0054] First, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first electrode (110).

[0055] The first electrode (110) may include a transparent electrode.

[0056] Specifically, while the existing light-transmitting semitransparent solar cell utilizes an opaque metal electrode as the lower electrode, the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention utilizes a transparent electrode as the first electrode (110), so that the light-absorbing portion (130) can be driven on both sides, thereby improving the performance of the semitransparent solar cell.

[0057] In addition, since the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention forms elements on a transparent electrode, it is possible to increase solar cell efficiency through double-sided light reception, and to offset the decrease in solar cell performance due to the introduction of a light-transmitting portion (120).

[0058] For example, the first electrode (110) may be formed of indium tin oxide (ITO), indium gallium oxide (IGO), tin fluoride oxide (FTO), zinc zinc oxide (IZO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), indium gallium titanium oxide (IGTO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium oxide (In2O x ) and magnesium oxide (MgO).

[0059] According to an embodiment, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an electrical contact layer formed between the first electrode (110) and the light-absorbing and transmitting layer.

[0060] The electrical contact layer can improve the electrical contact properties of the absorbing portion.

[0061] For example, the electrical contact layer may include at least one of MoO3, NaF, Mo, and Ag.

[0062] A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a light-absorbing and transparent layer.

[0063] The light-absorbing transparent layer may include a light-transmitting portion (120) including at least one insulating pattern (121, 122) and an absorbing portion (130) including at least one absorbing pattern (131, 132).

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell can control the transmittance of the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell by adjusting the structure of the light absorption pattern (131, 132) or the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122).

[0065] Specifically, the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention can easily control the optical characteristics and device performance of the semitransparent solar cell by adjusting the light-transmitting portion (120) and the light-absorbing portion (130), and thus can be easily applied to various semitransparent solar cells depending on the purpose.

[0066] The width of the absorption pattern (131, 132) or the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) may be 10 µm to 1000 µm. If the width of the absorption pattern (131, 132) or the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) is less than 10 µm, there is a problem that the pattern structure is not properly formed due to the miniaturization limit of the patterning process, and if it exceeds 1000 µm, there is a problem that the optical quality of the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell deteriorates because the pattern structure is visible to the naked eye.

[0067] The area of ​​the light-absorbing portion (130) may be 10% to 90% of the area of ​​the light-absorbing transparent layer. If the area of ​​the light-absorbing portion (130) is less than 10%, the power generation of the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell is low, which causes a problem in that the power supply is not sufficient. If it exceeds 90%, the transmittance of the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell element is very low, which causes a problem in that the semitransparent characteristic is not properly implemented.

[0068] The transmittance of the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention may be 10% to 90%, and if the transmittance of the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell is less than 10%, it is difficult to secure transparency characteristics, and thus there is a problem in that the semitransparent characteristics are not properly implemented.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell can control at least one of the power generation amount and color of the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell by adjusting the thickness of the light-absorbing pattern (131, 132) and the thickness of the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122).

[0070] Since the thickness of the absorption pattern (131, 132) is proportional to the power generation amount of the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell element, it is possible to secure the power generation amount of the solar cell element by forming an absorption pattern (131, 132) of an appropriate thickness or more.

[0071] The thickness of the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) may be 10 nm to 300 nm. If the thickness of the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) is less than 10 nm, there is a problem that the insulation effect by the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) is not sufficiently exhibited, and if it exceeds 300 nm, the deposition time of the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) becomes too long, and there is a problem that the transmittance of the semitransparent solar cell decreases.

[0072] The thickness of the absorption pattern (131, 132) may be 100 nm to 3000 nm. If the thickness of the absorption pattern (131, 132) is less than 100 nm, sufficient light absorption is not achieved, which causes a problem in that the efficiency of the semitransparent solar cell device becomes very low. If the thickness exceeds 3000 nm, electrons and holes formed through light absorption cannot efficiently move within the absorption pattern, which causes a problem in that the efficiency becomes low.

[0073] According to an embodiment, the light-absorbing, transparent layer may include at least two or more insulating patterns (121, 122), including a pixelated insulating pattern (121) and an absorbing pattern (131, 132) surrounding the pixelated insulating pattern (121).

[0074] That is, the light-absorbing and transparent layer may include a pixelated isolation insulating pattern (121) and a grid-shaped light-absorbing pattern (132) surrounding the pixelated isolation insulating pattern (121) and connected to each other.

[0075] When the light-absorbing transparent layer includes a pixelated isolation insulating pattern (121), the light-absorbing patterns (131, 132) have a structure in which they are interconnected like a grid structure, so that electrons and holes formed through light absorption can move freely without restriction, which is advantageous for simplifying the device structure and securing efficiency.

[0076] According to an embodiment, the light-absorbing transmissive layer may include at least two light-absorbing patterns (131, 132), a pixelated light-absorbing pattern (131) and an isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) surrounding the pixelated light-absorbing pattern (131).

[0077] That is, the light-absorbing transparent layer may include a pixelated light-absorbing pattern (131) and a grid-shaped isolation insulating pattern (122) surrounding the pixelated light-absorbing pattern (131) and interconnected with each other.

[0078] The number of pixelated isolation patterns (121) or pixelated absorption patterns (131) is not particularly limited and can be determined arithmetically according to the ratio of the absorption portion (130) and the light-transmitting portion (120).

[0079] The light-emitting portion can be controlled in color by adjusting the multilayer structure of the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122). Specifically, the light-emitting portion can be controlled in color by including the multilayer structure of the isolation insulating pattern (123, 124).

[0080] Therefore, when a multilayer structured isolation insulating pattern (123, 124) capable of color control is applied to the light-transmitting portion, colorization of the semitransparent solar cell element is possible, and it can be used as a thin film solar cell for various electronic devices requiring transparency and color.

[0081] For example, when a multilayered insulating pattern (123, 124) is formed by laminating TiO2 150 nm and Al2O3 30 nm thin films, a turquoise color with a transmittance of 70% can be realized. In this way, various colors and transmittances can be realized depending on various combinations of materials of the insulating pattern (121, 122).

[0082] The multilayer structured isolation insulating pattern (123, 124) can have at least one of the color and the transmittance controlled depending on at least one of the constituent thin films and the thickness.

[0083] The isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) and the multilayer structure isolation insulating pattern (123, 124) may include at least one of Al2O3, MgF2, SiO2, ZnO, ZnSnO, ZnTiO, and TiO2.

[0084] In addition, the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention can improve light absorption efficiency by forming a color-controllable multilayer structured isolation insulating pattern (123, 124) only on the light-transmitting portion (120).

[0085] According to an embodiment, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention may include both a light-transmitting portion including an isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) and a multi-layered isolation insulating pattern (123, 124).

[0086] At this time, the light-transmitting portion can control the optical characteristics by adjusting the area ratio of the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) and the multi-layered isolation insulating pattern (123, 124) to control the transmittance and color.

[0087] Considering the efficiency or transmittance required for a semitransparent solar cell, the area ratio of the absorption pattern (131, 132) and the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) can be calculated. When the area occupied by the absorption pattern (131, 132) is 100%, the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell element has the maximum efficiency value and the transmittance can be 0%. Based on this condition, as the area of ​​the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) increases, the efficiency is inversely proportional and the transmittance is proportional, so the efficiency and transmittance of the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell can be adjusted by calculating this.

[0088] In addition, for color implementation, the optical properties of the transmitting portion (120) can be controlled by the type and thickness of the constituent thin film of the multilayer structured isolation insulating pattern (123, 124).

[0089] The absorption pattern (131, 132) may include a chalcogenide compound, for example, the absorption pattern (131, 132) may include at least one of CuInS2 (CIS), CuGaS2 (CGS), CuInSe2 (CISe), CuGaSe2 (CGSe), CuAlSe2 (CASe), CuInTe2 (CITe), CuGaTe2 (CGTe), Cu(In,Ga)S2 (CIGS), Cu(In, Ga)Se2 (CIGSe), Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS), CdTe, and Sb2(S,Se)3.

[0090] According to an embodiment, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a buffer layer formed between the light-absorbing and transmitting layer and the second electrode.

[0091] Since the absorbing portion and the second electrode have a large difference in lattice constant and energy band gap, a buffer layer with a band gap located in the middle of the two materials can be formed to form a good bond.

[0092] The buffer layer may be formed entirely on the first electrode (110) on which the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) and the absorption pattern (131, 132) are formed, or may be formed only on the upper portion of the absorption pattern (121, 132).

[0093] The buffer layer may include at least one of CdS, Zn(O,S), ZnSnO, and ZnMgO.

[0094] According to an embodiment, a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a window layer formed between the light-absorbing and transparent layer and the second electrode.

[0095] The window layer may be formed entirely on the first electrode (110) on which the isolation insulating pattern (121, 122) and the absorption pattern (131, 132) are formed, or may be formed only on the upper portion of the absorption pattern (121, 132).

[0096] The window layer is ZnO, In2O x , may include at least one of MoS2 and WS2.

[0097] A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a second electrode.

[0098] The second electrode may be formed entirely on the first electrode (110) on which the insulating insulating pattern (121, 122) and the absorption pattern (131, 132) are formed, or may be formed only on the upper portion of the absorption pattern (121, 132).

[0099] The second electrode may include a transparent electrode, and the transparent electrode may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium gallium oxide (IGO), tin fluoride oxide (FTO), zinc zinc oxide (IZO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), indium gallium titanium oxide (IGTO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium oxide (In2O x ) and magnesium oxide (MgO).

[0100] Conventional semitransparent solar cells are formed by removing a portion of the light-absorbing portion (130) to make them transparent, so the light-receiving area is reduced and the efficiency is lowered. However, the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention uses the first electrode (110) and the second electrode as transparent electrodes, thereby enabling double-sided light reception through both sides of the light-absorbing portion (130), thereby improving the light-absorbing efficiency.

[0101] In addition, while the existing double-sided light-receiving solar cell was capable of receiving light on both sides by stacking two solar cells, the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention uses the first electrode (110) and the second electrode as transparent electrodes, thereby enabling double-sided light reception using a single light-absorbing portion (130).

[0102] Since the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention can be made into pixels of the light-absorbing portion or the light-transmitting portion by utilizing the existing thin film solar cell process, mass production of semitransparent solar cells at low cost is possible.

[0103] In addition, since the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is a semitransparent solar cell technology with no color distortion and excellent transmittance, it can be utilized in fields requiring high-quality optical characteristics, such as window-type solar cells, non-powered outdoor display elements, and solar power sources for small electronic devices.

[0104] In particular, the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention can be utilized as a variety of semitransparent solar cell application elements through the design of the light-absorbing pixel structure.

[0105]

[0106] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention including an isolation insulating pattern in a light-transmitting portion.

[0107] Since Fig. 5 includes the same components as the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, a detailed description of the same components will be omitted.

[0108] Conventional semitransparent solar cells have economic and performance disadvantages because they additionally perform a separate light-transmitting portion removal process after completing the device fabrication, but the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention can easily form an isolation insulating pattern and a light-absorbing pattern on a transparent electrode substrate through a continuous process, so that a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell can be easily manufactured without a separate light-transmitting portion area removal process that was previously used.

[0109] Furthermore, the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is a technology that can be easily incorporated into an existing thin-film solar cell process, so that a semitransparent thin-film solar cell element can be manufactured at low cost.

[0110] First, the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step (S110) of forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on a first electrode (210).

[0111] The step of forming a light-absorbing transparent layer on the first electrode (210) includes a step (S111) of forming an insulating layer (221) on the first electrode (210), a step (S112) of forming a photoresist (231) on the insulating layer (221), a step (S113) of patterning the photoresist (231) to form a photoresist pattern (232), a step (S114) of etching the insulating layer (221) using the photoresist pattern (232) to form the insulating pattern (222), a step (S115) of forming an absorbing layer (241) on the first electrode (210) and the photoresist pattern (232), and a step (S116) of removing the photoresist pattern (232) to form the absorbing pattern (242).

[0112] Therefore, the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention can easily form an isolation insulating pattern and a light-absorbing pattern on a transparent electrode substrate through a continuous process, so that a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell can be easily manufactured without a separate light-transmitting region removal process that was previously used.

[0113] According to an embodiment, the step (S110) of forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on the first electrode (210) may further include the step of forming an electrical contact layer on the first electrode (210).

[0114] The electrical contact layer can be formed through a solution coating method or a deposition method.

[0115] The solution coating method may include any one of spin coating, spray coating, ultraspray coating, electrospinning coating, slot die coating, gravure coating, bar coating, roll coating, dip coating, shear coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, and nozzle printing.

[0116] The deposition method may include any one of sputtering, evaporation, closed space sublimation, rapid thermal evaporation, vapor transport deposition, vacuum deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition.

[0117] The method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention proceeds with a step (S111) of forming an insulating layer (221) on a first electrode (210).

[0118] The isolation insulating layer (221) can be formed through a solution coating method or a deposition method.

[0119] The solution coating method may include any one of spin coating, spray coating, ultraspray coating, electrospinning coating, slot die coating, gravure coating, bar coating, roll coating, dip coating, shear coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, and nozzle printing.

[0120] The deposition method may include any one of sputtering, evaporation, closed space sublimation, rapid thermal evaporation, vapor transport deposition, vacuum deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition.

[0121] The thickness of the insulating layer (221) may be 10 nm to 300 nm. If the thickness of the insulating layer (221) is less than 10 nm, there is a problem that the insulating effect by the insulating pattern portion (222) is not sufficiently exhibited, and if it exceeds 300 nm, the deposition time of the insulating pattern (222) becomes too long, and there is a problem that the transmittance of the semitransparent solar cell decreases.

[0122] The method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention proceeds with a step (S112) of forming a photoresist (231) on an insulating layer (221).

[0123] Photoresist (231) can form a pattern by photocuring in an area irradiated with ultraviolet rays.

[0124] The photoresist (231) can be formed by applying a photoresist material on an insulating layer (221), and then heating and drying (prebaking) the insulating layer (221) on which the photoresist material is applied, or drying under reduced pressure, and then heating.

[0125] The photoresist (231) can be formed using any one of spin coating, spray coating, ultraspray coating, electrospinning coating, slot die coating, gravure coating, bar coating, roll coating, dip coating, shear coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, and nozzle printing.

[0126] The photoresist (231) may include a positive photoresist or a negative photoresist, and preferably, the photoresist (231) may include a negative photoresist.

[0127] The method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention proceeds with a step (S113) of forming a photoresist pattern (232) by patterning a photoresist (231).

[0128] A photoresist pattern (232) can be formed by performing exposure by irradiating ultraviolet rays using a mask (M) in which a target pattern is engraved on a photoresist (231). At this time, when ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the photoresist (231), the chemical structure of the photoresist in the area irradiated with ultraviolet rays changes, so that it may or may not be easily dissolved in a developer (D).

[0129] The photoresist pattern (232) has a shape corresponding to the isolation insulating pattern (222) and may have a pixelated pixel structure or a grid structure.

[0130] When the photoresist pattern (232) has a pixel structure, the light-absorbing and transparent layer may include at least two or more isolation insulating patterns (222), including a pixelated isolation insulating pattern (222) and an absorption pattern (242) surrounding the pixelated isolation insulating pattern (222).

[0131] That is, the light-absorbing transparent layer may include a grid-shaped light-absorbing pattern (242) surrounding the pixelated isolation insulating pattern (222) and the pixelated isolation insulating pattern (232) and connected to each other.

[0132] When the photoresist pattern (232) has a grid structure, the light-absorbing and transparent layer may include at least two light-absorbing patterns (242), and may include a pixelated light-absorbing pattern (242) and an isolation insulating pattern (222) surrounding the pixelated light-absorbing pattern (242).

[0133] That is, the light-absorbing transparent layer may include a pixelated light-absorbing pattern (242) and a grid-shaped isolation insulating pattern (222) surrounding the pixelated light-absorbing pattern (242) and interconnected with each other.

[0134] The method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention proceeds with a step (S114) of forming an isolation insulating pattern (222) by etching an isolation insulating layer (221) using a photoresist pattern (232).

[0135] The isolation insulating pattern (222) is formed by a photo process and can be used as a lift-off template for manufacturing the absorption pattern (242).

[0136] Etching may include dry etching or wet etching.

[0137] For example, dry etching can be performed using an etching gas, and for example, the etching gas can include at least one of CF4, CHF3, and SF6.

[0138] For example, wet etching can be performed using an etchant, and for example, the etchant can include at least one of a hydrofluoric acid solution (HF) and a phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solution.

[0139] The insulating layer (221) on which the photoresist pattern (232) is not formed by dry or wet etching is completely removed through a chemical decomposition reaction between the etching gas or etchant and the insulating layer (221), and the insulating layer (221) under the photoresist pattern (232) remains intact. Thereafter, when the photoresist pattern (232) is removed through a development process, an insulating pattern (222), which is a patterned insulating layer (221), can be formed.

[0140] The method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention proceeds with a step (S115) of forming an absorption layer (241) on a first electrode (210) and a photoresist pattern (232).

[0141] The absorption layer (241) can be formed using any one of sputtering, evaporation, closed space sublimation, rapid thermal evaporation (RTP), vapor transport deposition, vacuum deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition.

[0142] The thickness of the light-absorbing layer (241) may be 100 nm to 3000 nm. If the thickness of the light-absorbing layer (241) is less than 100 nm, sufficient light absorption is not achieved, which causes a problem in that the efficiency of the semitransparent solar cell device becomes very low. If the thickness exceeds 3000 nm, electrons and holes formed through light absorption cannot efficiently move within the light-absorbing pattern, which causes a problem in that the efficiency becomes low.

[0143] According to an embodiment, the step (S115) of forming a light-absorbing layer (241) on the first electrode (210) and the photoresist pattern (232) may include the step (S116-1) of forming a light-absorbing precursor layer on the first electrode (210) and the photoresist pattern (232) and the step (S116-1) of heat-treating the light-absorbing precursor layer to form the light-absorbing layer.

[0144] Therefore, the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention can exclude the influence of high temperature when forming a light-absorbing layer (241) on a photoresist pattern (232) using a light-absorbing precursor layer and heat treatment.

[0145] The absorbing precursor layer has almost the same material composition as the absorbing layer (241), but may include a material having a different crystal structure or a low degree of crystallinity.

[0146] For example, the light-absorbing precursor layer may include at least one of CuInS2(CIS), CuGaS2(CGS), CuInSe2(CISe), CuGaSe2(CGSe), CuAlSe2(CASe), CuInTe2(CITe), CuGaTe2(CGTe), Cu(In,Ga)S2(CIGS), Cu(In, Ga)Se2(CIGSe), Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS), CdTe, Sb2(S,Se)3.

[0147] The temperature of the heat treatment can be 300°C to 700°C. If the temperature of the heat treatment is less than 300°C, there is a problem of insufficient crystallization, and if it exceeds 700°C, there is a problem of deformation of the substrate.

[0148] The method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention proceeds with a step (S116) of forming an absorption pattern (242) by removing a photoresist pattern (232).

[0149] The step (S116) of forming an absorption pattern (242) can utilize the isolation insulating pattern (231) as a template during lift-off.

[0150] Therefore, the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention enables simultaneous pixel structure formation of an isolation insulating pattern (222) and a light-absorbing pattern (232).

[0151] More specifically, it is possible to simultaneously pattern an isolation insulating pattern (222) and an absorption pattern (232) by utilizing a lift-off process that forms a single photoresist (231) and removes a photoresist pattern (232).

[0152] The photoresist pattern (232) can be removed using a commercially available photoresist remover, for example, the photoresist pattern (232) can be removed using at least one of NMP, DMSO, KOH, and NaOH.

[0153] In addition, in the past, separate excessive etching and laser etching processes were required to remove the light-transmitting material, which resulted in poor economic efficiency and raised concerns about damage to the device. However, the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention can easily form an absorption pattern (242) on a transparent electrode substrate, so that a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell can be easily manufactured without a separate light-transmitting material removal process.

[0154] In addition, since the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention forms elements on a transparent electrode substrate, it is possible to increase efficiency through double-sided light reception and offset the decrease in performance due to the introduction of a light-transmitting portion.

[0155] According to an embodiment, the step (S110) of forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on the first electrode (210) may further include a step of forming a buffer layer on the light-absorbing and transparent layer.

[0156] According to an embodiment, the step (S110) of forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on the first electrode (210) may further include a step of forming a window layer on the light-absorbing and transparent layer.

[0157] The buffer layer or window layer can be formed through a solution coating method or a deposition method.

[0158] The solution coating method may include any one of spin coating, spray coating, ultraspray coating, electrospinning coating, slot die coating, gravure coating, bar coating, roll coating, dip coating, shear coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, and nozzle printing.

[0159] The deposition method may include any one of sputtering, evaporation, closed space sublimation, rapid thermal evaporation, vapor transport deposition, vacuum deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition.

[0160] A method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step (S120) of forming a second electrode on a light-absorbing and transparent layer.

[0161] The second electrode can be formed through a solution coating method or a deposition method.

[0162] The solution coating method may include any one of spin coating, spray coating, ultraspray coating, electrospinning coating, slot die coating, gravure coating, bar coating, roll coating, dip coating, shear coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, and nozzle printing.

[0163] The deposition method may include any one of sputtering, evaporation, closed space sublimation, rapid thermal evaporation, vapor transport deposition, vacuum deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition.

[0164]

[0165] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a multi-layered isolation insulating pattern in a light-transmitting portion.

[0166] The method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention including a multi-layered isolation insulating pattern in the light-transmitting portion of FIG. 6 includes the same components as the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 5, except that the step (S111) of forming an isolation insulating layer (221) on the first electrode (210) is different, and therefore, a description of the same components will be omitted.

[0167] A method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a multi-layered insulating pattern on a light-transmitting portion, can form a multi-layered insulating layer (223) by performing the step (S111) of forming an insulating layer (221) on a first electrode (210) at least twice.

[0168] Therefore, the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention including a multi-layered isolation insulating pattern in a light-transmitting portion enables simultaneous pixel structure formation of a multi-layered isolation insulating pattern (224) and a light-absorbing portion pattern (232).

[0169] More specifically, the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention including a multi-layered isolation insulating pattern in a light-transmitting portion can simultaneously pattern a multi-layered isolation insulating pattern (224) and a light-absorbing pattern (232) by forming a single photoresist (231) and utilizing a lift-off process for removing the photoresist pattern (232).

[0170] In addition, the method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a multilayered isolation insulating pattern in a light-transmitting portion, enables colorization of the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell by applying a multilayered thin film capable of implementing color to the light-transmitting portion.

[0171]

[0172] Although the present invention has been described with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, it is not limited to the embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations may be made based on this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be defined not only by the following claims but also by equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A light-absorbing and transparent layer formed on the first electrode; and A second electrode formed on the light-absorbing and transparent layer; Including, A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell, characterized in that the light-absorbing and transparent layer includes a light-transmitting portion including at least one insulating pattern and an absorbing portion including at least one absorbing pattern.

2. In paragraph 1, A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell characterized in that the light-absorbing and transmitting layer includes at least two light-absorbing patterns, a pixelated light-absorbing pattern, and an insulating insulating pattern surrounding the pixelated light-absorbing pattern.

3. In paragraph 1, A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell characterized in that the light-absorbing and transmitting layer includes at least two or more insulating insulating patterns, a pixelated insulating pattern, and an absorbing pattern surrounding the pixelated insulating pattern.

4. In paragraph 1, A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell, characterized in that the area of ​​the light-absorbing portion is 10% to 90% of that of the light-absorbing transparent layer.

5. In paragraph 1, A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell, characterized in that the width of the absorption pattern or the isolation insulating pattern is 10 ㎛ to 1000 ㎛.

6. In paragraph 1, A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell characterized in that the above absorption pattern includes at least one of CuInS2 (CIS), CuGaS2 (CGS), CuInSe2 (CISe), CuGaSe2 (CGSe), CuAlSe2 (CASe), CuInTe2 (CITe), CuGaTe2 (CGTe), Cu(In,Ga)S2 (CIGS), Cu(In, Ga)Se2 (CIGSe), Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS), CdTe, and Sb2(S,Se)3.

7. In paragraph 1, A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell characterized in that the light-transmitting portion has a color controlled by adjusting the multilayer structure of the insulating pattern.

8. In paragraph 1, A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell, characterized in that the above-mentioned insulating pattern includes at least one of Al2O3, MgF2, SiO2, ZnO, ZnSnO, ZnTiO, and TiO2.

9. In paragraph 1, A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell characterized in that the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell includes an electrical contact layer between the first electrode and the light-absorbing and transmitting layer.

10. In paragraph 1, A double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell characterized in that the double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell comprises at least one of a buffer layer and a window layer between the light-absorbing and transparent layer and the second electrode.

11. A step of forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on the first electrode; and A step of forming a second electrode on the above light-absorbing and transparent layer; Including, The step of forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on the first electrode comprises: A step of forming an insulating layer on a first electrode; A step of forming a photoresist on the above-mentioned insulating layer; A step of forming a photoresist pattern by patterning the above photoresist; A step of forming an insulating pattern by etching an insulating layer using the above photoresist pattern; A step of forming an absorption layer on the first electrode and the photoresist pattern; and A step of removing the above photoresist pattern to form an absorption pattern; A method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell, characterized by including a.

12. In paragraph 11, The step of forming an absorption layer on the first electrode and the photoresist pattern is: A step of forming an absorbing precursor layer on the first electrode and the photoresist pattern; and A step of forming the absorbing layer by heat treating the absorbing precursor layer; A method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell, characterized by including a.

13. In paragraph 11, A method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell, characterized in that the step of forming an insulating layer on the first electrode is performed at least twice to form an insulating layer having a multilayer structure.

14. In paragraph 11, A method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell, characterized in that the step of forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on the first electrode further includes the step of forming an electrical contact layer on the first electrode.

15. In paragraph 11, A method for manufacturing a double-sided light-receiving semitransparent solar cell, characterized in that the step of forming a light-absorbing and transparent layer on the first electrode further includes the step of forming at least one of a buffer layer and a window layer on the light-absorbing and transparent layer.

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