Anti-static photocurable adhesive composition
The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition, comprising acrylic oligomer, mono-functional (meth)acrylate monomer, and carbon nanotubes, addresses the limitations of thermal and photo-curing by providing efficient anti-static and bonding properties for temperature-sensitive electronics.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/070311
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional anti-static adhesive compositions face challenges with thermal curing, which is unsuitable for temperature-sensitive electronics, and photo-curing with silver powder results in reduced light transmittance, while using graphene or carbon nanotubes in small quantities leads to insufficient conductivity or agglomeration issues.
An anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprising acrylic oligomer, mono-functional (meth)acrylate monomer, photo-initiator, and carbon nanotubes, cured using actinic radiation such as ultraviolet or visible light, ensuring optimal anti-static properties and bonding strength.
The composition achieves effective anti-static performance with volume resistivity less than 1x104 Ω·cm and good bonding strength, suitable for various substrates including glass and polymer films.
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Abstract
Description
Anti-static Photocurable Adhesive CompositionTechnical field
[0001] The present invention relates to an anti-static photocurable adhesive composition, particularly relates to an anti-static photocurable adhesive composition containing carbon nanotubes, which exhibits optimal anti-static properties as well as excellent bonding strength when cured and the use thereof.Background of the invention
[0002] Traditional anti-static adhesive compositions typically employ thermal curing processes, requiring a silver powder content of over 70%by weight percent based on the total weight of the adhesive composition. However, the thermal cure approach requires a high temperature (no less than 60℃) , which is not applicable to temperature-sensitive devices in electronics. While moisture cure approach normally takes 3 to 7 days to reach full cure, which is time-consuming. Photo-curing, with its higher production efficiency, is a more suitable alternative. However, the challenge arises when a significant amount of silver powder is added, leading to reduced light transmittance, rendering photo-curing impractical.
[0003] To address this issue, alternative anti-static agents such as graphene or carbon nanotube are considered. However, using graphene in smaller quantities results in insufficient conductivity, while an excess amount may cause agglomeration and impede the curing process.Summary of the invention
[0004] According to a first aspect of the invention, disclosed herein is an anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprising
[0005] (A) at least one acrylic oligomer having a repeating unit – (C4H8O) n –in the backbone, wherein n is a number of more than 2,
[0006] (B) at least one mono-functional (meth) acrylate monomer,
[0007] (C) at least one photo-initiator, and
[0008] (D) at least one carbon nanotube.
[0009] According to a second aspect of the invention, provided herein is a method of curing the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprising:
[0010] (1) applying the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to the present invention to at least one of the substrates, and
[0011] (2) exposing to an actinic radiation until the adhesive composition is cured, wherein the actinic radiation is selected from ultraviolet light, visible light, electron beam radiation, or a combination thereof.
[0012] According to a third aspect of the invention, provided herein is an article, comprising a substrate and a cured adhesive on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cured adhesive being formed by curing the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to the present invention, and the substrate is selected from a glass, a polymer film, a metal, and a combination thereof.
[0013] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, provided herein is an electronic device, comprising the article of the present invention or produced using the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to the present invention.
[0014] According to a fifth aspect of the invention, provided herein is the use of the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to the present invention or the article according to the present invention in manufacturing electronic devices.
[0015] Other features and aspects of the subject matter are set forth in greater detail below.Detailed description of the invention
[0016] It is to be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention is a description of exemplary embodiments only and is not intended as limiting the broader aspects of the present invention. Each aspect so described may be combined with any other aspect or aspects unless clearly indicated to the contrary. In particular, any feature indicated as being preferred or advantageous may be combined with any other feature or features indicated as being preferred or advantageous.
[0017] Unless specified otherwise, in the context of the present invention, the terms used are to be construed in accordance with the following definitions.
[0018] Unless specified otherwise, as used herein, the terms “a” , “an” and “the” include both singular and plural referents.
[0019] The terms “comprising” and “comprises” as used herein are synonymous with “including” , “includes” or “containing” , “contains” , and are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, non-recited members, elements or process steps.
[0020] The term “at least one” or “one or more” used herein to define a component refers to the type of the component, and not to the absolute number of molecules. For example, “one or more polyols” means one type of polyol or a mixture of a plurality of different polyols.
[0021] The term “photocurable” used herein refers to the property of a material or composition that can undergo curing or hardening through exposure to one or more ultraviolet light, visible light, electron beam radiation, or a combination thereof.
[0022] The term "curing" used herein means polymerization or addition reaction beyond the gel point. The gel point is the point at which the storage modulus G'becomes equal to the loss modulus G".
[0023] “(meth) acrylic” or “ (meth) acrylate” as used herein denotes both the acrylate and the methacrylate.
[0024] The term “oligomer” as used herein refers to low molecular polymers comprising from more than 2 to less than 500 repeating units of the same or different types.
[0025] The term “polymer” means a macromolecular compound composed of repeated units of the same or different types. The term “polymer” includes homopolymers and copolymers. The term “copolymer” should be understood as a polymer derived from two or more monomers, that is to say, the term “copolymer” includes bipolymers, terpolymers, tetrapolymers and so on.
[0026] The term “monomer” refers to a substance that can undergo a polymerization reaction to contribute constitutional units to the chemical structure of a polymer. Also, the terms “monomer” according to the disclosure is distinguished from a polymer or an oligomer and means a compound having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 1,000 or less.
[0027] The term “mono-functional” refers to the possession of one polymerizable moiety, and the term “poly-functional” refers to the possession of more than one polymerizable moiety.
[0028] The term “cycloaliphatic group” described herein refers to a saturated hydrocarbon with a closed ring, such as cyclopropane, cyclobutene and cyclopentane.
[0029] The term “heterocyclic group” described herein refers to 4-memberd to 8-memberd saturated alkylene group with at least one nitrogen atom and optionally one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms to form a heterocyclic ring, such as a morpholine ring, a piperidine ring or a piperazine ring.
[0030] The term "room temperature" as used herein refers to a temperature of about 20 ℃ to about 25 ℃, preferably about 25 ℃.
[0031] Unless specified otherwise, the recitation of numerical end points includes all numbers and fractions subsumed within the respective ranges, as well as the recited end points.
[0032] All references cited in the present specification are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[0033] The molecular weights refer to number average molecular weights (Mn) , unless otherwise stipulated. All molecular weight data refer to values obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) , unless otherwise stipulated, e.g., according to DIN 55672.
[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in the present invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of the ordinary skilled in the art to which this invention belongs.
[0035] In one aspect, the present disclosure is generally directed to an anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprising
[0036] (A) at least one acrylic oligomer having a repeating unit - (C4H8O) n –in the backbone, wherein n is a number of more than 2,
[0037] (B) at least one mono-functional (meth) acrylate monomer,
[0038] (C) at least one photo-initiator, and
[0039] (D) at least one carbon nanotube.
[0040] The adhesive composition features an effective anti-static performance, exhibiting a volume resistivity of less than 1x104 Ω·cm and a good bonding strength when cured, as well as a desired elongation to resist deformation under an applied force.
[0041] (A) Acrylic oligomer
[0042] According to the present invention, the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprises at least one acrylic oligomer having a repeating unit – (C4H8O) n –in the backbone, wherein n is a number of more than 2, as the first essential component. The component (A) is the main reactant for free radical polymerization in the presence of photo-initiator (C) to form acrylic polymer.
[0043] As for the backbone, the component (A) has a repeating unit – (C4H8O) n –, wherein n is a number of more than 2, preferably more than 4, more preferably from 6 to less than 500. Acrylic oligomer having such backbone structures gives a moderate polarity to the acrylic polymer when cured. The inventors surprising found that if the acrylic polymer's polarity is excessively high, such as polymer made by acrylic oligomer with benzene rings, it exhibits lower volume resistance but poor bonding strength and elongation. Conversely, if the polarity is too low, such as polymer made by aliphatic acrylic polymers without any ether or ester groups, it may have a good flexibility and elongation but not sufficient bonding strength. The component (A) having such a backbone effectively balances the elongation and bonding strength of the cured product as well as the anti-static property of the composition when cured.
[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the acrylic oligomer (A) useful in the present invention is polytetramethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate oligomer.
[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the acrylic oligomer (A) useful in the present invention have a molecular weight (Mw) of 1000 to 40,000 g / mol.
[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the aliphatic urethane diacrylate oligomer useful in the present invention have a viscosity of a viscosity 50 ℃ from 60,000 to 90,000 mPa·s. The viscosity values herein can be determined with any suitable viscosity measurement method conventionally used in the art.
[0047] Notably, the composition of this invention is preferred to not comprise any acrylic oligomer other than component (A) .
[0048] Suitable commercially available compounds used as component (A) are products available under the trade names GRE2060 from Gubang (Shanghai) New Material Technology Co., Ltd, A-PTMG650 from Xinzhongcun Chemical Co., Ltd, ADT250, manufactured by NOF Corporation, DR-U247 from Eternal Specialty Materials (Zhuhai) Co., Ltd, CN996A NS from Sartomer (Guangzhou) Chemicals Ltd and EB8807 from Allnex USA INC.
[0049] With particular preference, the component (A) may be present in an amount of from 8%to 86%by weight, and preferably from 13%to 75%by weight, such as 15%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 73%, based on the total weight of the adhesive composition.
[0050] (B) Mono-functional (meth) acrylate monomer
[0051] According to the present invention, the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprises at least one mono-functional (meth) acrylate monomers (B) as the second essential component for the purpose of reducing the viscosity and providing bonding strength to the composition when cured.
[0052] Useful mono-functional (meth) acrylate monomers may contain aliphatic, aromatic, cycloaliphatic, arylaliphatic, heterocyclic group (s) and a combination thereof. Examples include acrylic acid, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-butyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, n-octyl (meth) acrylate, isooctyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methylbutyl (meth) acrylate, n-nonyl (meth) acrylate, isononyl (meth) acrylate, isoamyl (meth) acrylate, n-decyl (meth) acrylate, isodecyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, 4-methyl-2-pentyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethoxylethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, allyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth) acrylate, and hydroxyalkylene (having 2 to 4 carbon atoms) glycol (meth) acrylate such as 2-hydroxyethyleneglycol (meth) acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyleneglycol (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentenyl acrylate, dicyclopentanyl acrylate, dicyclopentenyloxyethyl acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl acrylate, 3, 3, 5-trimethyl cyclohexyl acrylate, acryloylmorpholine, isobornyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate and combination thereof.
[0053] In preferred embodiments, the mono-functional (meth) acrylate monomers used in the present invention contains cycloaliphatic and / or heterocyclic groups.
[0054] Preferred examples include acryloylmorpholine (ACMO) , isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) , dicyclopentanyl acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate (CHMA) , tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (THFA) , dicyclopentenyloxyethyl acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl acrylate, 3, 3, 5-trimethyl cyclohexyl acrylate, and a combination thereof.
[0055] The above-mentioned mono-functional (meth) acrylate monomers can be used singly or in combination of two or more thereof.
[0056] The composition preferably not comprises any multi-functional (meth) acrylate monomer because the multi-functional (meth) acrylate monomer may increase the content of cross-linkage and resulting in a too rigid composition to dispense.
[0057] Examples of a commercially available product of the component (B) may include ACMO from KJ Chemicals, SR506 NS, SR531 NS and SR339 NS from Sartomer, Etermer 70 from Eternal Specialty Materials (Zhuhai) Co., Ltd, IBXA from Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Limited.
[0058] With particular preference, the component (B) may be present in an amount of from 10%to 80%by weight, preferably from 20 to 70%by weight, such as 23%, 27%, 31%, 35%, 39%, 43%, 47%, 51%, 55%, 59%, 65%, 68%, based on the total weight of the adhesive composition.
[0059] The combination of component (A) and component (B) together builds up the resin base for incorporating the carbon nanotubes and renders the mechanical properties to the adhesive composition of the present invention.
[0060] (C) Photo-initiator
[0061] According to the present invention, the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprises at least one photo-initiator (C) as third essential component.
[0062] A photo-initiator is a component to sufficiently cure the adhesive composition and therefore types or species thereof are not particularly limited. The commonly known photo-initiators can be used in the present invention.
[0063] “Photo-initiator” is intended to mean an initiator which, under the action of light radiation, makes it possible to trigger a photopolymerization reaction.
[0064] Examples of the photo-initiator include but are not limited to: benzoin, benzoin methylether, benzoin ethylether, benzoin isopropylether, benzoin-n-butylether, benzoin isobutylether, acetophenone, hydroxydimethyl acetophenone, dimethylamino acetophenone, dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone, 3-methyl acetophenone, 2, 2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone, 2, 2-diethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone, 4-chloroacetophenone, 4, 4-dimethoxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane-1-one, 4-hydroxy cyclophenylketone, 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholino-propane-1-one, 4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl-2- (hydroxyl-2-propyl) ketone, benzophenone, p-phenylbenzophenone, 4, 4-diaminobenzophenone, 4, 4’ -diethylaminobenzophenone, dichlorobenzophenone, anthraquinone, 2-methylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2-t-butylanthraquinone, 2-aminoanthraquinone, β-chloroanthraquinone, 2-methylthioxantone, 2-ethylthioxantone, 2-chlorothioxantone, 2, 4-dimethylthioxantone, 2, 4-diethylthioxantone, benzyl dimethylketal, diphenylketone benzyldimethylketal, acetophenone dimethylketal, p-dimethylaminobenzoic ester, 2, 4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide, fluorene, triphenylamine, carbazole, benzyldiphenyl sulfide, tetramethylthiuram monosulfide, or ethyl (2, 4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphinate, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone, oxy-phenyl-acetic acid 2- [2-oxo-2-phenyl-acetoxy-ethoxy] -ethyl ester, oxy-phenyl-acetic acid 2- [2-hydroxy-ethoxy] -ethyl ester, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, phosphine oxide phenyl bis (2, 4, 6-trimethyl benzoyl) , iodonium (4-methylphenyl) [4- (2-methylpropyl) phenyl] -hexafluorophosphate (1-) , and the like. The foregoing photo-initiators may be used alone or in combination.
[0065] Suitable commercially available components (C) are sold under Omnirad TPO-L from IGM, R-GenTM 261 and R-GenTM 262 from Chitec Technology.
[0066] With particular preference, the component (C) may be present in an amount of in an amount of from 0.1 to 10%by weight, preferably from 0.3 to 5%by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 4.5%by weight, such as 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.7%, 1.0%, 1.3%, 1.7%, 2.1%, 2.3%, 2.5%, 2.7%, 2.9%, 3.1%, 3.4%, 3.7%, 4.0%, 4.2%, 4.4%, 4.6%, 4.8%, 5.0%, 5.2%, 5.4%, 5.6%, 5.8%, 6.0%, 6.2%, 6.4%, 6.6%, 6.8%, 7.0%, 7.2%, 7.4%, 7.6%, 7.8%, 8.0%, 8.2%, 8.4%, 8.6%, 8.8%, 9.0%, 9.2%, 9.4%, 9.6%, 9.8%, based on the total weight of the adhesive composition. In the case where content of the photo-initiator is less than 0.1 wt. %, it will reduce the curing ratio and the oxygen inhibition will be serious, the curing speed may become too slow. On the other hand, when the content of the photo-initiator is more than 10 wt. %, it will reduce the cured depth.
[0067] (D) Carbon nanotube
[0068] According to the present invention, the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprises at least one carbon nanotube (D) as the anti-static agent.
[0069] The carbon nanotubes are cylindrical, hollow fibrous substances each composed of carbon atoms. Useful carbon nanotubes used in the present invention may be single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) . Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are cylindrical nanostructures composed of a single layer of graphene, a one-atom-thick sheet of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. Comparing to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) , SWCNTs are more suitable for using the present invention from the viewpoint of achieving a favorable electricity and higher purity. This is because SWCNTs have higher aspect ratio and larger surface area than MWCNTs, which is easier to contact to each other to form the electricity path.
[0070] The carbon nanotubes (D) preferably have a surface area of more than 300 sqm / g, more preferable more than 500 sqm / g. When the carbon nanotubes have a surface area of more than 300 sqm / g, they are easier to contact to each other to form the electricity path, therefore achieving better electricity properties.
[0071] The carbon nanotubes (D) preferably have an average diameter of from 1 nm to 10 nm, more preferably from 1 nm to less than 5 nm, and even more preferably from 1 nm to 3 nm. When the carbon nanotubes have an average diameter of from 1 nm or more, the carbon nanotubes are easily being incorporated into the resins. When the carbon nanotubes have an average diameter of from 1 nm to 3 nm, the anti-static performance of the adhesive composition is further improved.
[0072] The carbon nanotubes (D) preferably have an average length of from larger than 1 μm to 800 μm, more preferably from 1 μm to 650 μm, and even more preferably from 1 μm to 200 μm. When the carbon nanotubes (D) have an average length of more than 800 μm, they cannot be properly dispersed in the resins, and it may have more defects on the surface resulting in an unsatisfactory volume of the cured adhesive.
[0073] The carbon nanotubes (D) preferably have an aspect ratio of from 1000 to 50,000, more preferably from 1000 to 10,000.
[0074] It is preferred that the carbon nanotubes (D) are SWCNTs having an average diameter of from 1 nm to 10 nm, and an average length of larger than 1 μm to 800 μm. In this embodiment, a more preferred range of each of the average diameter and the average length is as described above. The average diameter of the carbon nanotubes (D) described above is a value determined by observing the carbon nanotubes (D) using an electron microscope (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or a transmission electron microscope (TEM) ) , and measuring the diameters of the carbon nanotubes, and by calculating the arithmetic mean of the measured diameters. The average length of the carbon nanotubes (D) described above is a value determined by observing the carbon nanotubes (D) using an electron microscope (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or a transmission electron microscope (TEM) ) , and measuring the lengths of the carbon nanotubes, and by calculating the arithmetic mean of the measured lengths. The “aspect ratio” described herein refers to the calculating value of the length value obtained above to the diameter value obtained above.
[0075] The carbon nanotubes (D) can be produced by an arc discharge method, a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method) , a laser ablation method or the like. Further, a commercially available product of carbon nanotubes may be used as the carbon nanotubes (D) . Examples of the commercially available product of carbon nanotubes used in the present invention include a pre-dispersed material in resins such as TUBALLTM MATRIX 204 from OCSiAl (containing 10%carbon nanotubes, with a diameter of 1.5 nm to 2.0 nm and a length of larger than 5 μm) , and 100%carbon nanotubes powder such as ZEONANOTM SG101 from Zeon Corporation (with a diameter of 3 nm to 5 nm and a length of 100 μm to 600 μm) and NG01SW0301 from Nanografi Nano technology (with a diameter of 1 nm to 2 nm and a length of 5 μm to 35 μm) .
[0076] It is also feasible to use a combination of at least two of the above-mentioned carbon nanotubes in the present invention.
[0077] Notably, the adhesive composition of this invention is preferred to not comprise any other anti-static agent than component (D) .
[0078] With particular preference, the component (D) may be present in an amount of from 0.01 to 2%by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 1%by weight, more preferably from 0.01 to 0.8%by weight, such as 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.09, 0.11, 0.13, 0.15, 0.17, 0.19, 0.21, 0.23, 0.25, 0.27, 0.29, 0.31, 0.33, 0.35, 0.37, 0.39, 0.41, 0.43, 0.45, 0.47, 0.49, 0.51, 0.53, 0.55, 0.57, 0.59, 0.61, 0.63, 0.65, 0.67, 0.69, 0.71, 0.73, 0.75, 0.79, 0.81, 0.83, 0.85, 0.89, 0.91, 0.93, 0.95, 0.97, 0.99, 1.01, 1.1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.7, 1.9 wt. %, based on the total weight of the adhesive composition. In the case where content of the carbon nanotubes is less than 0.01 wt. %, the electricity property may be not sufficient for application. On the other hand, when the content of the carbon nanotubes is more than 2 wt. %the black carbon nanotubes may affect the photo cure and hard to fully disperse and has bad workability.
[0079] (E) Additive
[0080] The composition of this invention may further comprise a silane coupling agent, an adhesion promoter, a thixotropic agent, a surfactant, a preservative, a plasticizer, a lubricant, a photo-stabilizer, a defoamer and a combination thereof.
[0081] Examples of a silane coupling agent include, but not limited to, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. Suitable commercial products are SH6062 and SZ6030 available from Toray-Dow Corning Silicone Inc., KB E903, KBM-5103 and KBM803 available from Shin-Etsu Silicone Inc, and Sliquest A-187 available from Momentive. Silane coupling agent may be present in an amount of from 0%to 15%by weight, and preferably from 1%to 10%by weight, based on the total weight of the adhesive composition.
[0082] Examples of an adhesion promoter include, but not limited to, bis (methacryloyloxyethyl) hydrogen phosphate, Suitable commercial products are Kayamer PM-2 from Nippon kayaku.
[0083] Notably, the composition of this invention is preferred to not comprise any epoxy resins for thermal cure.
[0084] Preparation method and curing profile
[0085] The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to the present invention can be prepared by the method comprising the following steps:
[0086] (i) mixing all the components according to the present invention except for the component (D) , and (ii) adding the component (D) and mixing with a speed from 1000 rpm to 2000 rpm for at least 30 minutes, until a homogeneous composition is formed.
[0087] The apparatuses for these mixing, stirring, dispersing, and the like are not particularly limited. There can be used an automated mortar, a Henschel mixer, a three-roll mill, a ball mill, a planetary mixer, a bead mill, and the like which are equipped with a stirrer and a heater. Also, an appropriate combination of these apparatuses may be used. The preparation method of the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition is not particularly limited, as long as a composition in which the above-described components are uniformly mixed.
[0088] According to the second aspect of the invention, provided herein is a method of curing the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprising:
[0089] (1) applying the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to the present invention to at least one of the substrates, and
[0090] (2) exposing to the actinic radiation until the adhesive composition is cured, wherein the actinic radiation is selected from ultraviolet light, visible light, electron beam radiation, or a combination thereof.
[0091] The abovementioned substrate may be selected from a glass, a polymer film, a metal, and a combination thereof.
[0092] According to the present invention, the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition is capable of being cured by exposure to sufficient actinic radiation to at least partially polymerize or crosslink the composition, wherein the actinic radiation is selected from ultraviolet light, visible light, electron beam radiation, or a combination thereof.
[0093] In one embodiment, the actinic radiation has a wavelength ranging from 200nm to 500nm, preferably from 300nm to 465nm, and has an intensity of from 50mW / cm2 to 5000mW / cm2.
[0094] In preferred embodiments, the exposure time can be as short as 1 second to as long to 120 seconds, preferable from 1 second to 60 seconds.
[0095] Preferably, the actinic radiation source is an LED light radiation lamp. A commercial product of LED light radiation lamp is available under UVEC-100*100WII from Heraeus with an emission maximum at 365nm and an intensity of 50 to 5000 mW / cm2.
[0096] As will be understood, the time and temperature curing profile for each photocurable adhesive composition will vary, and different compositions can be designed to provide the curing profile that will be suited to the particularly industrial manufacturing process.
[0097] Article, electronic device and use
[0098] According to a third aspect of the invention, provided herein is an article, comprising a substrate and a cured adhesive on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cured adhesive being formed by curing the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to the present invention, and the substrate is selected from a glass, a polymer film, a metal, and a combination thereof.
[0099] In another embodiment, two substrates can be bonded together using the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition of the present invention. The method includes applying the adhesive composition of the present invention to at least one of the substrates, and then mating the substrates together, and then exposing to the actinic radiation until the adhesive composition is cured. In such cases, at least one substrate can comprise a light transparent part, or at least one substrate is light transparent. In a further embodiment, at least one substrate can comprise a plastics material or a glass material that is transparent to UV or visible light.
[0100] The adhesive composition can be applied to a substrate using any suitable application method including, e.g., automatic fine line dispensing, jet dispensing, slot die coating, roll coating, pattern coating, screen printing, spray coating, filament coating, air knife, trailing blade, brushing, dipping, doctor blade, and combinations thereof. The adhesive composition can be applied as a continuous or discontinuous coating, in a single layer or multiple layers, and combinations thereof.
[0101] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, provided herein is an electronic device comprising the article of the present invention or produced using the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to of the present invention.
[0102] The adhesive composition of the present invention is useful in a variety of electronic devices including, e.g., wearable electronic devices (e.g., wrist watches and eyeglasses) , handheld electronic devices (e.g., phones (e.g., cellular telephones and cellular smartphones) , cameras, tablets, electronic readers, monitors (e.g., monitors used in hospitals, and by healthcare workers, athletes and individuals) , watches, calculators, mice, touch pads, and joy sticks) , computers (e.g., desk top and lap top computers) , computer monitors, televisions, media players, appliances (e.g., refrigerators, washing machines, dryers, ovens, and microwaves) , light bulbs (e.g., incandescent, light emitting diode, and fluorescent) , and articles that include a visible transparent or transparent component, glass housing structures, protective transparent coverings for a display or other optical component.
[0103] According to a fifth aspect of the invention, provided herein is the use of the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to the present invention or the article according to the present invention in manufacturing electronic devices.
[0104] The said suitable electronic devices includes, but not limited to, e.g., wearable electronic devices (e.g., wrist watches and eyeglasses) , handheld electronic devices (e.g., phones (e.g., cellular telephones and cellular smartphones) , cameras, tablets, electronic readers, monitors (e.g., monitors used in hospitals, and by healthcare workers, athletes and individuals) , watches, calculators, mice, touch pads, and joy sticks) , computers (e.g., desk top and lap top computers) , computer monitors, televisions, media players, or other electronic components, preferably a camera module.
[0105] Examples
[0106] The following examples are intended to assist one skilled in the art to better understand and practice the present invention. The scope of the invention is not limited by the examples but is defined in the appended claims. All parts and percentages are based on weight unless otherwise stated.
[0107] Raw materials:
[0108] CN 9014 NS is polybutadiene acrylate oligomer available from Sartomer.
[0109] EB3700 is Bisphenol A epoxy-based acrylate oligomer available from Allnex.
[0110] GRE2060 is an acrylic oligomer having a repeating unit – (C4H8O) n –, wherein n is 420, available from from Gubang (Shanghai) New Material Technology Co., Ltd.
[0111] ACMO is acryloylmorpholine available from KJ Chemicals.
[0112] SR506 NS is isobornyl acrylate monomer available from Sartomer.
[0113] Omnirad TPO-L is ethyl (2, 4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenyl phosphinate available from IGM.
[0114] EA-0295 is silver filler available from Metalor.
[0115] SE1233-Sis graphene available from SIX Element.
[0116] TUBALL MATRIX 204 is 10 wt%single-walled carbon nanotubes in a blend of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and ammonium salt of polyolefins-based derivatives having a diameter of 1.5 to 2.0nm and a length of 5 μm, available from OCSiAl.
[0117] Kayamer PM-2 is bis (methacryloyloxyethyl) hydrogen phosphate, available from Nippon Kayaku.
[0118] KBM-5103 is silane coupling agent available from Shin-Etsu.
[0119] Test Methods:
[0120] Cured depth
[0121] The composition of each comparative example and inventive example was injected into a non-transparent container (with a size of a diameter of 1 cm and a depth of 5mm) , then a LED light radiation with wavelength of 365nm at the intensity of 2W / cm2 (UVEC-100*100WII manufactured by Heraues) was performed on the top of the specimen for a period of 2 seconds to cure the sample. And then the cured part of the sample was taken out to measure the cured depth.
[0122] The composition with a cured depth of no less than 50 μm is acceptable. The result was recorded in Table 1.
[0123] Volume Resistance
[0124] The volume resistance of each comparative example and inventive example was measured using an equipment Agilent 34401A based on the ASTMD991. The upper limit of volume resistance can be detected on this machine is 1.00 x1010 Ω·cm.
[0125] The composition with a volume resistivity of less than 1x104 Ω·cm is desired. The result was recorded in Table 1.
[0126] Bonding strength on glass
[0127] The bonding strength of comparative example 1, 6 and 7 and all inventive examples was determined by ASTMD3359-23. Specifically, using a glass substrate with a thickness of 50 μm. After applying the adhesive composition of the samples, a LED light radiation with wavelength of 365nm at the intensity of 2W / cm2 (UVEC-100*100WII manufactured by Heraues) was performed on the top of the specimen for a period of 2 seconds to cure the sample. And then 12 cut lines (6 vertical and 6 parallel) were made using a knife with a 1mm spacing forming a lattice. A tape was applied to the incised surface, ensuring it adhered securely to the cut marks, and smoothed it down with a rubber eraser. After 90 seconds, to peel off the tape in a 180° manner. Finally, the peeled-off film was inspected in the grid area from the glass substrate under a magnifying glass and assess the adhesion level according to the following standards:
[0128] The composition with a volume assistance of 5B is considered as satisfactory anti-static performance in the present invention. The result was recorded in Table 2.
[0129] Bending test
[0130] The bending test of comparative example 1, 6 and 7 and all inventive examples was measured by making an adherend having a thickness of 200 μm by curing under a LED light radiation with wavelength of 365nm at the intensity of 2W / cm2 (UVEC-100*100WII manufactured by Heraues) for 2 seconds and under the following test condition.
[0131] (Test Condition)
[0132] Bending radius: 3 mm Bending angle: 180 ° Bending speed: 1 seconds / times
[0133] The adherend after the bending test was visually observed to confirm the presence of crack. When the adherend was not cracked, it was evaluated as Ο. If the adherend was cracked, it was evaluated as X. The result was recorded in Table 2.
[0134] Inventive Examples 1 to 4 (EX1 to EX4) and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 (CE1 to CE7)
[0135] The composition of each comparative example and inventive example was prepared by the following steps:
[0136] (i) mixing all the components except for the anti-static agent (silver fillers / graphene / carbon nanotubes) in weight mass specified in Table 1 in a mixer IKA EUROSTAR 60, and
[0137] (ii) adding the anti-static agent weighed in weight mass specified in Table 1 if any, with a speed of 2000 rpm for 60 minutes, until a homogeneous composition is formed.
[0138] The properties were tested using the methods stated above, and the results of evaluations are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
[0139] Table 1
[0140] N / Arefers to that the cured film is not too thin, which cannot be measured.
[0141] In Table 1, the description "1.00E+10" and the like indicate 1.00x1010 and the like.
[0142] Table 2
[0143] As can be seen from Table 1 and 2, the comparative examples 1 to 5 without any anti-static agent (CE1) didn’ t exhibit any anti-static property. The comparative examples containing silver or graphene (CE2 to CE5) neither achieve the desired volume resistance nor cure properly. The comparative examples 6 and 7 showed that the adhesive composition with a different kind of oligomer rather than component (A) cannot achieve the desired volume resistance and good bonding mechanical property simultaneously. In contrast, the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition of the present invention exhibited excellent bonding strength when cured and satisfactory electricity property.
[0144] Although some preferred embodiments have been described, many modifications and variations may be made thereto in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1.An anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprising(A) at least one acrylic oligomer having a repeating unit – (C4H8O) n –in the backbone, wherein n is a number of more than 2,(B) at least one mono-functional (meth) acrylate monomer,(C) at least one photo-initiator, and(D) at least one carbon nanotube.2.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the component (A) is polytetramethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate oligomer.3.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the component (B) is mono-functional (meth) acrylate monomer contain aliphatic, aromatic, cycloaliphatic, arylaliphatic, heterocyclic group (s) and a combination thereof, preferably contains cycloaliphatic and / or heterocyclic groups, more preferably acryloylmorpholine, isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) , dicyclopentanyl acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate (CHMA) , tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (THFA) , dicyclopentenyloxyethyl acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl acrylate, 3, 3, 5-trimethyl cyclohexyl acrylate, and a combination thereof.4.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any of the claims, wherein the component (D) is single-walled carbon nanotubes.5.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to claim 4, wherein the component (D) has an aspect ratio of from 1000 to 50,000, more preferably from 1000 to 10,000.6.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any of the claims, wherein the component (A) is present in an amount of from 8%to 86%, preferably from 13%to 75%by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.7.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any of the claims, wherein the component (B) is present in an amount of from 10%to 80%by weight, preferably from 20 to 70%by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.8.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any of the claims, wherein the component (C) is present in an amount of is from 0.1 to 10%by weight, preferably from 0.3 to 5%by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 4.5%by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.9.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any of the claims, wherein the component (D) is present in an amount of from 0.01 to 2%by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 1%by weight, more preferably from 0.01 to 0.8%by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.10.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any of the claims, wherein the composition further comprise an additive (E) selected from a silane coupling agent, an adhesion promoter, a thixotropic agent, a surfactant, a preservative, a plasticizer, a lubricant, a photo-stabilizer, a defoamer and a combination thereof.11.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any of the claims, wherein the composition does not contain any epoxy resins.12.The anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any of the claims, wherein the adhesive composition exhibits a volume resistivity of less than 1x104 Ω·cm when cured.13.A method of curing the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition comprising:(1) applying the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12 to at least one of the substrates, and(2) exposing to an actinic radiation until the adhesive composition is cured, wherein the actinic radiation is selected from ultraviolet light, visible light, electron beam radiation, or a combination thereof.14.An article, comprising a substrate and a cured adhesive on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cured adhesive being formed by curing the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and the substrate is selected from a glass, a polymer film, a metal, and a combination thereof.15.An electronic device, comprising the article of claim 14 or produced using the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12.16.Use of the anti-static photocurable adhesive composition according to any one of claim 1 to 12 or the article according to claim 14 in manufacturing electronic devices.
Citation Information
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