Power grid operation method and apparatus for distributed electric energy transfer, and device

Abstract

The present application relates to a power grid operation method and apparatus for distributed electric energy transfer, and a device. The method comprises: acquiring the optimal net-injected active power of each transfer user equipment; on the basis of the optimal net-injected active power of each transfer user equipment, constructing verification constraints and a verification objective function for a preset power grid security verification model; further performing optimization solving processing on the verification objective function on the basis of the verification constraints, so as to obtain the optimal value of the verification objective function, and on the basis of the optimal value, verifying whether the optimal net-injected power of each transfer user equipment meets power grid operation security requirements; and on the basis of a verification result, sending operation instruction information to each transfer user equipment. In the embodiments of the present application, by solving the optimal value of a verification objective function, whether the optimal net-injected power of each transfer user equipment meets power grid operation security requirements can be better determined, thereby improving the accuracy of power grid operation security verification.

Description

Method, device and equipment for power grid operation of distributed electric energy transfer Cross-references

[0001] This application refers to Chinese patent application No. 2024100473051, filed on January 11, 2024, entitled “Grid operation method, device and equipment for distributed power transfer”, which is incorporated into this application in its entirety by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of electric power technology, and in particular to a method, device and equipment for operating a power grid with distributed electric energy transfer. Background Art

[0003] With advances in information and communication technologies, distributed energy resource transfer is considered a promising model for power transfer in future power systems. Distributed energy resource transfer involves transferring energy between two or more grid-connected entities. Users can inject power output exceeding their load requirements back into the grid, or they can adjust their power consumption at different times by shifting loads across time periods. Therefore, ensuring the security and accuracy of distributed energy resource transfer is crucial.

[0004] In the related art, safety verification is performed using traditional power flow analysis technology, but the accuracy of the safety verification of the related art is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the present application provides a grid operation method, device and equipment for distributed power transfer that can improve the accuracy of grid operation safety verification.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtaining the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment; wherein the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment is the power obtained through distributed transfer processing;

[0008] According to the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, the verification constraints and verification objective function of the preset power grid security verification model are constructed;

[0009] The calibration objective function is optimized and solved according to the calibration constraints to obtain the optimal value of the calibration objective function. Based on the optimal value, the optimal net injection power of each transferred user device is checked to see if it meets the safety requirements of the grid operation.

[0010] Send operation instruction information to each transferring user equipment according to the verification result.

[0011] In one embodiment, a verification constraint of a preset power grid security verification model is constructed based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, including:

[0012] Based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, the net injected reactive power of each transferred user equipment, and the active power and reactive power of the lines between each transferred user equipment, branch flow constraints, voltage constraints, branch flow limit constraints, and node voltage limit constraints are constructed.

[0013] In one embodiment, a verification objective function of a preset power grid security verification model is constructed based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, including:

[0014] A calibration objective function is constructed based on the first slack variable in the branch power flow limit constraint and the second slack variable in the node voltage limit constraint.

[0015] In one embodiment, based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, the net injected reactive power of each transferred user equipment, and the active power and reactive power of the lines between the transferred user equipment, a branch power flow constraint, a voltage constraint, a branch power flow limit constraint, and a node voltage limit constraint are constructed, including:

[0016] Establish branch power flow constraints based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, the net injected reactive power of each transferred user equipment, and the active power and reactive power of the lines between the transferred user equipment;

[0017] Establishing voltage constraints based on the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the active power and reactive power of the lines between the transferred user equipment;

[0018] Constructing a branch power flow limit constraint according to the voltage of each transferred user equipment, the first slack variable, and the active power and reactive power of the line between each transferred user equipment;

[0019] A node voltage limit constraint is constructed according to the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the second slack variable.

[0020] In one embodiment, checking whether the optimal net injection power of each transferred user equipment satisfies the safety of grid operation according to the optimal value includes:

[0021] If the optimal value satisfies the preset numerical range, the verification result is used to indicate that the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device satisfies the safety of grid operation; correspondingly, the operation instruction information is used to instruct each transferred user device to perform distributed power transfer according to the corresponding optimal net injected active power;

[0022] If the optimal value does not meet the preset numerical range, the verification result is used to indicate that the optimal net injection power of each transferred user device does not meet the safety of grid operation; correspondingly, the operation instruction information is used to instruct each transferred user device to re-perform distributed transfer processing according to the corresponding net injected active power constraint.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a method for operating a distributed power grid, the method comprising:

[0024] Based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the grid, the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment, the transfer constraints and transfer objective function of the preset distributed transfer model are constructed;

[0025] Performing an iterative solution process for a distributed transfer of a transfer objective function according to the transfer constraints, and determining an optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment according to the iterative solution process result when the iterative solution process result satisfies a preset convergence condition;

[0026] Sending the optimal net injected active power to the operator equipment, so that the operator equipment constructs the verification constraints and verification objective function of the preset power grid security verification model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, and optimizes and solves the verification objective function according to the verification constraints to obtain the optimal value of the verification objective function. Then, the operator equipment verifies whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user equipment meets the safety of power grid operation based on the optimal value, and sends operation instruction information to each transferred user equipment based on the verification result;

[0027] Receive operation instruction information sent by operator equipment.

[0028] In one embodiment, performing distributed transfer iterative solution processing on the transfer objective function according to the transfer constraint includes:

[0029] For the kth iterative solution process, performing an iterative solution process for distributed transfer of the transfer objective function according to the transfer constraint to obtain the kth iterative distributed transfer power between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipments; wherein k is an integer greater than 1;

[0030] According to the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration and the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration between other transferring user equipment and the transferring user equipment, the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power and the distributed transfer price in the transfer objective function are updated, and the k+1th iterative solution processing is performed.

[0031] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0032] Determining a distributed transfer power difference between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipments according to the distributed transfer power of the k-1th iteration and the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration;

[0033] When the distributed transfer power difference meets a preset power difference threshold, the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration is sent to other transfer user equipments.

[0034] In one embodiment, the iterative solution processing result includes: the distributed transfer power of the transferred user equipment between other transferred user equipments in the mth iteration, the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the power grid, and the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the power grid. When the iterative solution processing result satisfies a preset convergence condition, determining the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment according to the iterative solution processing result includes:

[0035] determining the distributed transfer total power of the transferring user equipment according to the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration between the transferring user equipment and the other transferring user equipment, if the distributed transfer power of the m-1th iteration between the transferring user equipment and the other transferring user equipment, the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration, and the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration between the other transferring user equipment and the transferring user equipment meet a preset convergence condition; wherein m is an integer greater than 1, and m is greater than k;

[0036] The optimal net injected active power is determined based on the total distributed transfer power, the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, and the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the grid.

[0037] In one embodiment, a transfer constraint of a preset distributed transfer model is constructed based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the grid, the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment, including:

[0038] Establish energy storage transfer constraints based on the net energy storage charging power and state of charge of the transferred user equipment;

[0039] Constructing a distributed resource power balance transfer constraint based on the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment;

[0040] Based on the power purchase of user equipment from the power grid and the power sale of user equipment to the power grid, a power transfer constraint for distributed resource purchase and sale power is established.

[0041] In one embodiment, a transfer objective function of a preset distributed transfer model is constructed based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the grid, the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment, including:

[0042] A transfer objective function is constructed based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power sold to the grid by the transferred user equipment, the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment, the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power and the distributed transfer price.

[0043] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a distributed power transfer grid operation device, the device comprising:

[0044] An acquisition module, configured to acquire an optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment; wherein the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment is the power obtained through distributed transfer processing;

[0045] A construction module is used to construct a verification constraint and a verification objective function of a preset power grid security verification model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device;

[0046] A determination module is used to optimize and solve the calibration objective function according to the calibration constraints to obtain the optimal value of the calibration objective function, and to check whether the optimal net injection power of each transferred user device meets the safety of grid operation based on the optimal value;

[0047] The sending module is used to send operation instruction information to each transferring user equipment according to the verification result.

[0048] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a distributed power grid operation device, comprising:

[0049] A construction module is used to construct a transfer constraint and a transfer objective function of a preset distributed transfer model based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the grid, the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment;

[0050] a determination module, configured to perform an iterative solution process for distributed transfer of a transfer objective function according to the transfer constraints, and determine the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment according to the iterative solution process result when the iterative solution process result satisfies a preset convergence condition;

[0051] a sending module configured to send the optimal net injected active power to the operator equipment, so that the operator equipment constructs a verification constraint and a verification objective function of a preset power grid security verification model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, optimizes and solves the verification objective function based on the verification constraint to obtain an optimal value of the verification objective function, and then verifies whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user equipment meets the safety requirements of power grid operation based on the optimal value, and sends operation instruction information to each transferred user equipment based on the verification result;

[0052] The receiving module is used to receive the operation instruction information sent by the operator equipment.

[0053] In a fifth aspect, the present application also provides a power grid operation device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method of the first aspect or the second aspect mentioned above are implemented.

[0054] The above-described distributed power transfer grid operation method, apparatus, and device obtain the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device; wherein the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user device is the power obtained through distributed transfer processing; and based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, a verification constraint and a verification objective function of a preset power grid security verification model are constructed. Furthermore, the verification objective function is optimized and solved based on the verification constraint to obtain the optimal value of the verification objective function, and the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device is verified based on the optimal value to determine whether it meets the requirements for grid operation safety. Furthermore, based on the verification result, an operation instruction is sent to each transferred user device. In the embodiments of the present application, by obtaining the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, it is possible to achieve optimal allocation of power resources and improve overall power utilization efficiency. By constructing the verification constraint and the verification objective function of the preset power grid security verification model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, the verification constraint ensures that the power system can still meet the constraints for safe operation under various operating conditions, which helps prevent problems such as equipment overload and voltage instability and ensures stable operation of the power grid. By minimizing the verification objective function, it is possible to better adapt to actual operating conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of safety verification. Furthermore, by optimizing and solving the verification objective function based on the verification constraints, the optimal value of the verification objective function can be obtained. Based on this optimal value, the optimal net injection power of each transferred user device can be verified to ensure grid safety. Therefore, by solving for the optimal value of the verification objective function, it is possible to better determine whether the optimal net injection power of each transferred user device meets grid safety requirements. Furthermore, based on the verification results, operation instructions are sent to each transferred user device. If grid safety requirements are met, each transferred user device can perform the corresponding power transfer; if not, appropriate measures are required. Through communication and coordination between the operator's equipment and the transferred user devices, flexibility and controllability of grid operation can be achieved, while ensuring the participation and cooperation of each transferred user device to achieve overall grid safety and stability, thereby improving the accuracy of safety verification of distributed power resources during the transfer process.

[0055] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. The same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0057] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment of a distributed power grid operation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG2 is a flow chart of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG3 is a flow chart of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer in another embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG4 is a flow chart of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer in another embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG5 is a flow chart of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer in another embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG6 is a flow chart of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG7 is a flow chart of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid operation device for distributed power transfer in one embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid operation device for distributed power transfer in another embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG11 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a power grid operation device in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0069] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0070] The grid operation method, device and equipment for distributed power transfer provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various distributed transfer application scenarios; of course, it can also be applied to other scenarios, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0071] It should be noted that, for ease of explanation, the following embodiments illustrate the method of the present invention in a distributed power transfer scenario in a power grid service system. It should be understood that when the distributed transfer method of the present invention is applied to other scenarios, its implementation principles and technical effects are similar.

[0072] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the implementation environment of the power grid operation method for distributed power transfer in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG1 , the implementation environment of the embodiment of the present application may include: an operator device 101 and a transfer user device 102; wherein the operator device 101 can communicate with the transfer user device 102 via a network. The operator device 101 and the transfer user device 102 can be implemented using independent servers or a server cluster consisting of multiple servers. The data storage system can store the calibration constraints, calibration objective functions, optimal values ​​of the calibration objective functions, calibration results, etc. of the preset power grid security calibration model in the operator device 101. The data storage system can store the optimal net injected active power in the transfer user device 102, the transfer constraints of the preset distributed transfer model, the transfer objective function, etc.

[0073] It should be noted that the transferring user equipment 102 in FIG. 1 is a general term for transferring user equipment, which may include at least one transferring user equipment.

[0074] In conjunction with the implementation environment shown in FIG1 , in an embodiment of the present application, the operator device 101 obtains the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device; wherein, the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user device is the power obtained through distributed transfer processing; the operator device 101 constructs the verification constraints and verification objective function of the preset power grid security verification model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device. Furthermore, the operator device 101 optimizes and solves the verification objective function according to the verification constraints to obtain the optimal value of the verification objective function, and verifies whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets the safety of power grid operation based on the optimal value. The operator device 101 sends operation instruction information to each transferred user device 102 based on the verification result.

[0075] In the prior art, most grid operation methods for distributed power transfer fail to consider grid security and fail to perform safety verification on the distributed transfer results. Even when grid security is considered in the operation of distributed power transfer grids, the accuracy of safety verification using traditional power flow analysis techniques, such as those based on sensitivity analysis, is low.

[0076] The distributed power grid operation method, device and equipment provided in the embodiments of the present application can achieve optimal configuration of power resources and improve the overall power utilization efficiency by obtaining the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device. By constructing the calibration constraints and calibration objective function of the preset power grid security calibration model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, the calibration constraints can ensure that the power system can still meet the restriction conditions for safe operation under various operating conditions, which is conducive to preventing problems such as equipment overload and voltage instability and ensuring the stable operation of the power grid. By minimizing the calibration objective function, it can better adapt to the actual operating conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of the safety check. Furthermore, by optimizing and solving the calibration objective function according to the calibration constraints, the optimal value of the calibration objective function can be obtained, and the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device can be checked based on the optimal value to see whether it meets the safety of power grid operation. It can be seen that by solving the optimal value of the calibration objective function, it is possible to better judge whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets the safety of power grid operation. Furthermore, by sending operation instruction information to each transfer user device based on the verification results, if the grid operation safety is met, then each transfer user device can perform corresponding power transfer; if the grid operation safety is not met, corresponding measures need to be taken. Through communication and coordination between the operator equipment and the transfer user equipment, the flexibility and controllability of the grid operation can be achieved, while ensuring the participation and cooperation of each transfer user device to achieve the safety and stability of the overall grid, thereby improving the accuracy of the safety verification of distributed power resources during the transfer process.

[0077] In one embodiment, FIG2 is a flow chart of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer in one embodiment of the present application. This method is described using the operator equipment in FIG1 as an example. As shown in FIG2 , the method in this embodiment of the present application may include the following steps.

[0078] Step S201: Obtain the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment.

[0079] The optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment involved in the embodiments of the present application may be the power obtained through distributed transfer processing. For example, the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment may be the optimal net injected active power obtained through iterative solution processing of distributed transfer based on the total power sold by the transferred user equipment through distributed transfer, the power purchased from the power grid, and the power sold to the power grid.

[0080] In this embodiment, the operator's equipment can obtain the optimal net injected active power for each transferred user device through an iterative solution process for distributed transfer. By obtaining the optimal net injected active power for each transferred user device, grid operation can be optimized, allowing for more efficient management and distribution of power, reducing power transmission losses and load peaks, and improving grid operation efficiency and power utilization efficiency.

[0081] Step S202 : constructing a verification constraint and a verification objective function of a preset power grid security verification model according to the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment.

[0082] For example, the verification constraints involved in the embodiments of this application refer to various restrictive conditions that must be met for the safe operation of the power grid. These restrictive conditions may include, but are not limited to, voltage constraints, branch power flow constraints, branch power flow limit constraints, node voltage limit constraints, frequency constraints, power balance requirements, and other aspects. By setting verification constraints, it is possible to ensure that the power grid operates within safe boundaries and avoid power grid failures or instability.

[0083] For example, the verification objective function used in the embodiments of this application is a goal set to optimize the safe operation of the power grid by calculating the minimum value of the cumulative slack variables of the branch power flow limit constraints and the node voltage limit constraints. By setting this verification objective function, it is possible to optimize and improve the safety verification of power grid operation, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the power grid.

[0084] For example, the preset power grid safety verification model involved in the embodiments of the present application may include but is not limited to verification constraints and verification objective functions, which are solved and optimized by considering various constraints and objectives for safe operation of the power grid and through mathematical or computational methods.

[0085] In this embodiment, the operator equipment can construct verification constraints and a verification objective function for a pre-set grid security verification model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device. By establishing verification constraints for the pre-set grid security verification model, the operator equipment can ensure that the grid operates within safe boundaries, avoid grid failures or instability, and ensure grid security and reliability. By setting the verification objective function, the operator equipment can optimize grid operation, optimize and improve grid security verification, and enhance grid security.

[0086] Step S203 , optimizing and solving the calibration objective function according to the calibration constraints to obtain the optimal value of the calibration objective function, and verifying whether the optimal net injection power of each transferred user equipment meets the safety of grid operation based on the optimal value.

[0087] Exemplarily, the optimization solution processing involved in the embodiments of the present application refers to solving the verification objective function through an optimization algorithm, wherein the optimization algorithm may include but is not limited to Gurobi commercial solver, alternating direction multiplier method, etc.

[0088] In this embodiment, the operator equipment can optimize and solve the verification objective function using an optimization algorithm based on the verification constraints, thereby obtaining the optimal value of the verification objective function. Based on this optimal value, the operator equipment can verify whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets the safety requirements for grid operation. This indicates that by obtaining the optimal value of the verification objective function and verifying whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets the safety requirements for grid operation based on this optimal value, grid security can be further improved.

[0089] Step S204: Send operation instruction information to each transferring user equipment according to the verification result.

[0090] Exemplarily, the verification results involved in the embodiments of the present application are used to indicate whether the optimal net injection power of each transferred user equipment meets the safety of power grid operation.

[0091] Exemplarily, the operation instruction information involved in the embodiments of the present application is used to instruct each transfer user device to perform distributed power transfer according to the corresponding optimal net injected active power, or each transfer user device to re-perform distributed transfer processing according to the corresponding net injected active power constraint.

[0092] In this embodiment, the operator device can send operation instruction information to each transferred user device based on the verification result. If the verification result shows that the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets the safety of grid operation, the operator device can send operation instruction information to each transferred user device to perform distributed power transfer according to the corresponding optimal net injected active power. Furthermore, if the verification result shows that the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device does not meet the safety of grid operation, the operator device can send operation instruction information to each transferred user device to re-perform distributed transfer processing according to the corresponding net injected active power constraint. It can be seen that by sending operation instruction information to each transferred user device based on the verification result, the operator device can better ensure the safety and accuracy of grid operation.

[0093] In the above-described distributed power transfer grid operation method, the operator equipment can optimize the allocation of power resources and improve overall power utilization efficiency by obtaining the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device. Based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, the operator equipment constructs verification constraints and a verification objective function for a pre-set power grid security verification model. These verification constraints ensure that the system still meets the basic physical and engineering constraints of the power system under various operating conditions, helping to prevent problems such as equipment overload and voltage instability and ensuring stable grid operation. By minimizing the verification objective function, the system can better adapt to actual operating conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of safety verification. Furthermore, by optimizing and solving the verification objective function based on the verification constraints, the operator equipment can obtain the optimal value of the verification objective function. Based on this optimal value, the operator equipment can verify whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets grid operation safety requirements. Therefore, by solving the optimal value of the verification objective function, the operator equipment can better determine whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets grid operation safety requirements. Furthermore, the operator equipment sends operation instruction information to each transfer user equipment based on the verification results. If the grid operation safety is met, the operator equipment can transfer the electric energy; if the grid operation safety is not met, corresponding measures need to be taken. Through communication and coordination between the operator equipment and the transfer user equipment, the flexibility and controllability of the grid operation can be achieved, while ensuring the participation and cooperation of each transfer user equipment to achieve the safety and stability of the overall grid, thereby improving the accuracy of the safety verification of distributed electric energy resources during the transfer process.

[0094] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides an exemplary description of the content of "establishing a verification constraint of a preset power grid security verification model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment" in step S202 involved in the above embodiment. The method of the present embodiment may include the following steps.

[0095] Based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, the net injected reactive power of each transferred user equipment, and the active power and reactive power of the lines between each transferred user equipment, branch flow constraints, voltage constraints, branch flow limit constraints, and node voltage limit constraints are constructed.

[0096] Illustratively, the branch flow constraints involved in the embodiments of the present application are used to indicate the restriction of the flow of electricity on each branch to ensure that the power flow is within a safe range. The voltage constraint is used to indicate that the voltage of each node is maintained within a safe range. Stable voltage is the key to the normal operation of the power system. Too high or too low voltage may cause equipment damage or system collapse. The branch flow limit constraint is used to indicate the restriction of the maximum flow capacity of each branch to avoid overload or keep it within a reliable range to prevent equipment overload and damage. The node voltage limit constraint is used to indicate that the voltage of each node is maintained within a specified range to avoid damage to the equipment and system caused by excessively high or low voltage.

[0097] In this embodiment, the operator's equipment can establish branch power flow constraints, voltage constraints, branch power flow limit constraints, and node voltage limit constraints based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, the net injected reactive power of each transferred user device, and the active power and reactive power of the lines between the transferred user devices. This shows that by constraining various power system parameters, the system can be ensured to operate in an optimal state, maximizing energy utilization while reducing the risk of system crashes or equipment damage, further improving the overall efficiency and safety of the power system.

[0098] The following is an exemplary introduction to the construction of branch power flow constraints, voltage constraints, branch power flow limit constraints, and node voltage limit constraints.

[0099] One possible implementation is to directly construct branch power flow constraints based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, the net injected reactive power of each transferred user equipment, and the active power and reactive power of the lines between the transferred user equipment.

[0100] For example, in an embodiment of the present application, the operator equipment can use the following formula (1a) to construct a branch flow constraint based on the net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, the net injected reactive power of each transferred user equipment, and the line active power and reactive power between each transferred user equipment.

[0101]

[0102] Among them, Ω n represents the index set of the transferred user equipment n, P k,trepresents the net active power injected by the node of the transferred user equipment k at time t; Q k,t is a variable, representing the net reactive power injected by the node at time t for the transferred user equipment k; nk,t is a variable representing the active power transmitted by the line between the transferred user equipment n and the transferred user equipment k at time t; Q nk,t is a variable representing the reactive power transmitted by the line between the transferred user equipment n and the transferred user equipment k at time t; N is the set of device indexes of all operators in the distribution network, which can be expressed as the union of the set of indexes of the transferred user equipment participating in the distributed transfer, H, and the set of indexes of the transferred user equipment not participating in the distributed transfer, K, that is, N = H ∪ K; the distributed transfer market is a day-ahead market, and the transfer period is represented as T = {1, ..., t}.

[0103] Of course, the branch power flow constraint can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (1a).

[0104] Furthermore, a voltage constraint is directly constructed according to the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the active power and reactive power of the line between each transferred user equipment.

[0105] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the operator equipment may construct a voltage constraint using the following formula (2a) based on the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the active power and reactive power of the line between each transferred user equipment.

[0106]

[0107] Among them, R nk is a constant, representing the resistance of the line between the transferred user equipment n and the transferred user equipment k; X nk is a constant, representing the reactance of the line between the transferred user equipment n and the transferred user equipment k; W n,t is a constant, representing the inverse of the voltage amplitude of the transferred user equipment n at time t; l represents the set of all line indexes.

[0108] Of course, the voltage constraint can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (2a).

[0109] Furthermore, a branch power flow limit constraint is directly constructed according to the voltage of each transferred user equipment, the first slack variable, and the active power and reactive power of the line between each transferred user equipment.

[0110] For example, in an embodiment of the present application, the operator equipment may construct a branch power flow limit constraint using the following formula (3a) based on the voltage of each transferred user equipment, the first slack variable, and the active power and reactive power of the line between each transferred user equipment.

[0111]

[0112] in, is a constant, representing the active power limit of the line between the transferred user equipment n and the transferred user equipment k; is a constant, representing the reactive power limit of the line between the transferred user equipment n and the transferred user equipment k; Represents the first slack variable of the branch power flow limit constraint.

[0113] Of course, the branch power flow limit constraint can also be expressed as other variations of the above formula (3a) or equivalent formulas.

[0114] Furthermore, a node voltage limit constraint is directly constructed according to the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the second slack variable.

[0115] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the operator equipment may construct a node voltage limit constraint using the following formula (4) based on the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the second slack variable.

[0116]

[0117] in, is a constant, representing the upper voltage limit of the transferred user device n; is a constant, indicating the lower limit of the voltage of the transferred user equipment n; Represents the second slack variable of the node voltage limit constraint.

[0118] Of course, the node voltage limit constraint can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (4).

[0119] In another possible implementation method, the improved optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, the improved net injected reactive power of each transferred user device, the improved line active power and the improved reactive power between each transferred user device are determined based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, the net injected reactive power of each transferred user device, and the line active power and reactive power between each transferred user device. Then, based on the improved optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, the improved net injected reactive power of each transferred user device, the improved line active power and the improved reactive power between each transferred user device, a branch flow constraint is constructed.

[0120] For example, the optimal net injected active power of the improved transferred user equipment involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0121]

[0122] in, V represents the optimal node net injection power of the transferred user equipment n at time t; n,t is a constant, representing the voltage of the transferred user device n at time t; It represents the improved node injected active power of the improved transferred user equipment n at time t.

[0123] Of course, the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (5).

[0124] For example, the improved net injected reactive power of each transferred user equipment involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0125]

[0126] in, is a variable, representing the improved node injected reactive power of the transferred user equipment n at time t.

[0127] Of course, the improved optimal net injected reactive power of the transferred user equipment can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (6).

[0128] For example, the improved active power of the line between each transferred user equipment involved in the embodiment of the present application can be expressed as:

[0129]

[0130] in, is a variable representing the line active power transmitted between the improved transfer user equipment n and the transfer user equipment k at time t.

[0131] Of course, the improved active power of the lines between the transferred user equipments can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (7).

[0132] For example, the improved line reactive power between each transferred user equipment involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0133]

[0134] in, is a variable representing the line reactive power transmitted between the improved transfer user equipment n and the transfer user equipment k at time t.

[0135] Of course, the improved line reactive power between each transferred user equipment can also be expressed as other variations of the above formula (8) or equivalent formulas.

[0136] For example, in an embodiment of the present application, the operator equipment can use the following formula (1b) to construct the branch flow constraint based on the improved net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, the improved net injected reactive power of each transferred user equipment, and the improved line active power and reactive power between each transferred user equipment.

[0137]

[0138] Of course, the branch power flow constraint can also be expressed as other variations of the above formula (1b) or equivalent formulas.

[0139] In this embodiment, the operator equipment can establish branch power flow constraints based on the improved optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, the improved net injected reactive power of each transferred user device, and the improved active power and reactive power of the lines between the transferred user devices. Thus, by setting branch power flow constraints, the operator equipment can better limit the flow of power on each branch, ensuring that power flow remains within a safe range and preventing grid overload or instability.

[0140] Furthermore, a voltage constraint is constructed according to the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the improved active power and reactive power of the line between each transferred user equipment.

[0141] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the operator equipment may construct a voltage constraint using the following formula (2b) based on the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the improved active power and reactive power of the lines between each transferred user equipment.

[0142]

[0143] Of course, the voltage constraint can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (2b).

[0144] In this embodiment, the operator equipment can establish voltage constraints based on the voltage of each transferring user equipment and the improved active power and reactive power of the lines between the transferring user equipment. Thus, by establishing voltage constraints, the operator equipment can ensure that the voltage of each node remains within a safe range, preventing equipment damage or system crashes caused by excessively high or low voltages.

[0145] Furthermore, a branch power flow limit constraint is constructed based on the voltage of each transferred user equipment, the first slack variable, and the improved active power and reactive power of the lines between each transferred user equipment.

[0146] For example, in an embodiment of the present application, the operator equipment may construct a branch power flow limit constraint using the following formula (3b) based on the voltage of each transferred user equipment, the first slack variable, and the improved active power and reactive power of the lines between each transferred user equipment.

[0147]

[0148] Of course, the branch power flow limit constraint can also be expressed as other variations of the above formula (3b) or equivalent formulas.

[0149] In this embodiment, the operator equipment can establish branch power flow limit constraints based on the voltage of each transferred user equipment, the first slack variable, and the active power and reactive power of the lines between the transferred user equipment. Thus, by establishing branch power flow limit constraints, the operator equipment can limit the maximum power flow capacity of each branch to avoid overload or maintain it within a reliable range, thereby preventing overload and damage to the power grid.

[0150] Furthermore, a node voltage limit constraint is constructed according to the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the second slack variable.

[0151] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the operator equipment may construct the node voltage limit constraint using the above formula (4) according to the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the second slack variable.

[0152] In this embodiment, the operator equipment can establish a node voltage limit constraint based on the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the second slack variable. This ensures that the voltage of each node remains within a specified range, preventing damage to the device and system caused by excessively high or low voltage.

[0153] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides an exemplary description of the content of "constructing a verification objective function of a preset power grid security verification model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment" in step S202 involved in the above embodiment. The method of the present embodiment may include the following steps.

[0154] A calibration objective function is constructed based on the first slack variable in the branch power flow limit constraint and the second slack variable in the node voltage limit constraint.

[0155] For example, the calibration objective function involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0156]

[0157] Wherein, minimize is to minimize the sum of the first slack variable in the branch power flow limit constraint and the second slack variable in the node voltage limit constraint; the verification objective function (9) calculates the minimum value of the sum of the first slack variable in the branch power flow limit constraint and the second slack variable in the node voltage limit constraint.

[0158] Of course, the calibration objective function can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (9).

[0159] In this embodiment, the operator device can construct a verification objective function based on the first slack variable in the branch power flow limit constraint and the second slack variable in the node voltage limit constraint. This allows the operator device to minimize the first slack variable in the branch power flow limit constraint and the second slack variable in the node voltage limit constraint, better adapting to actual operating conditions and determining whether the optimal node net injected power reported by the transferred user device meets grid security requirements, thereby improving the accuracy of security verification.

[0160] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides an exemplary description of the content of "verifying whether the optimal net injection power of each transferred user equipment meets the grid operation safety based on the optimal value" in step S203 involved in the above embodiment. The method of the present embodiment may include the following steps.

[0161] In one possible implementation, if the optimal value satisfies the preset numerical range, the verification result is used to indicate that the optimal net injection power of each transferred user device meets the safety of grid operation; correspondingly, the operation instruction information is used to instruct each transferred user device to perform distributed power transfer according to the corresponding optimal net injected active power.

[0162] In this embodiment, the operator equipment can judge whether the optimal net injection power of each transferred user equipment meets the safety of grid operation based on the obtained optimal value of the verification objective function. If the optimal value meets the preset numerical range, where the preset numerical range can be 0, the verification result is used to indicate that the optimal net injection power of each transferred user equipment meets the safety of grid operation; correspondingly, each transferred user equipment can perform distributed power transfer according to the corresponding optimal net injected active power. It can be seen that the operator equipment judges the preset numerical range of the optimal value and transfers it under the condition of grid operation safety, ensuring that the optimal net injection power of the transferred user equipment is within a safe range, which is conducive to maintaining the safe operation of the grid and preventing overload or other situations that may cause accidents. Furthermore, under the premise of ensuring the safe operation of the grid, the system performs power transfer in an optimized manner, thereby enhancing the flexibility and adjustability of the overall system.

[0163] In another possible implementation, if the optimal value does not meet the preset numerical range, the verification result is used to indicate that the optimal net injection power of each transferred user device does not meet the safety of grid operation; correspondingly, the operation instruction information is used to instruct each transferred user device to re-perform distributed transfer processing according to the corresponding net injected active power constraint.

[0164] Exemplarily, the net injected active power constraint involved in the embodiments of the present application is used to indicate that the net injected active power is further restricted according to the result of the previous iteration, so as to meet the safety of power grid operation more quickly.

[0165] For example, the net injected active power constraint involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0166]

[0167] in, represents the optimal node net injection power of the transferred user equipment i at time t; is the optimal node net injection power of the transferred user equipment i at time t in the next round of distributed transfer processing; δ is a constant, a preset positive number.

[0168] Of course, the net injected active power constraint can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (10).

[0169] In this embodiment, the operator device can determine whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets the grid's operational safety requirements based on the obtained optimal value of the calibration objective function. If the optimal value does not fall within a preset numerical range, the calibration result indicates that the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device does not meet the grid's operational safety requirements. Accordingly, each transferred user device can re-perform distributed transfer processing according to the corresponding net injected active power constraint.

[0170] As can be seen, by determining the optimal value within a preset numerical range, the operator's equipment can promptly identify potential issues and take appropriate measures to maintain safe grid operation if the optimal net injected power does not meet grid safety requirements. Furthermore, by re-performing distributed transfer processing, the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device can be readjusted based on the new net injected active power constraints until the optimal value of the verification objective function falls within the preset numerical range. This real-time adjustment can better adapt to changes in power demand, thereby improving grid security.

[0171] In one embodiment, FIG3 is a flow chart illustrating a method for operating a power grid for distributed power transfer in another embodiment of the present application. This method is described using the transfer user equipment shown in FIG1 as an example. As shown in FIG3 , the method of this embodiment of the present application may include the following steps.

[0172] Step S301: Construct transfer constraints and transfer objective functions of a preset distributed transfer model based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the grid, the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment.

[0173] Exemplarily, the energy storage net charging power of the transferred user equipment involved in the embodiments of the present application is used to indicate the actual net charging power of the energy storage system in the transferred user equipment per unit time.

[0174] Exemplarily, the preset distributed transfer model involved in the embodiments of the present application may include but is not limited to transfer constraints and transfer objective functions, which are solved and optimized by considering various constraints and objectives of power grid transfer operation and through mathematical or computational methods.

[0175] For example, the transfer constraints referred to in the embodiments of this application refer to various restrictive conditions that must be met during a power grid transfer. These restrictions may include, but are not limited to, requirements for the power purchased by the user device from the grid and the net charging power of the energy storage system. By setting transfer constraints, grid failures or instability can be avoided.

[0176] For example, the transfer objective function involved in the embodiments of the present application is a goal set to optimize the transfer operation of the power grid. By setting the transfer objective function, the transfer of power grid operation can be optimized and improved, thereby increasing the overall benefits of the power grid.

[0177] In this embodiment, the transferring user device can construct the transfer constraints and transfer objective function of the preset distributed transfer model based on the power purchased by the transferring user device from the power grid, the power sold by the transferring user device to the power grid, the net energy storage charging power of the transferring user device, and the distributed transfer power between the transferring user device and other transferring user devices. By considering the power purchase power, power sales power, net energy storage charging power, and distributed transfer power, the transferring user device can more comprehensively reflect the behavior of the transferring user device in power transfer, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of the preset distributed transfer model. The construction of the transfer objective function can provide a clear optimization goal for distributed transfer. By optimizing the objective function, the effective utilization of system resources can be achieved and the efficiency of the entire power system can be improved.

[0178] Step S302 : performing distributed transfer iterative solution processing on the transfer objective function according to the transfer constraint, and determining the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment according to the iterative solution processing result when the solution processing result satisfies a preset convergence condition.

[0179] For example, the iterative solution process involved in the embodiments of the present application is used to indicate that the transfer objective function is solved by an iterative optimization algorithm to obtain an iterative solution result. The optimization algorithm may include but is not limited to the Gurobi commercial solver, the alternating direction multiplier method, etc.

[0180] Exemplarily, the iterative solution processing results involved in the embodiments of the present application may include but are not limited to: the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration between the transfer user equipment and other transfer user equipment, the power purchased by the transfer user equipment from the power grid, and the power sold to the power grid by the transfer user equipment.

[0181] In this embodiment, the migrating user device can perform an iterative solution process for the transfer objective function using an optimization algorithm based on the transfer constraints. If the solution result satisfies a preset convergence condition, the optimal net injected active power of the migrating user device is determined based on the iterative solution result. This shows that the migrating user device can adjust its power purchase, power sales, and energy storage strategies based on the satisfaction of various transfer constraints, thereby minimizing power purchase costs and maximizing power sales revenue, thereby optimizing overall power economics.

[0182] Step S303: Send the optimal net injected active power to the operator device, so that the operator device constructs the verification constraints and verification objective function of the preset power grid security verification model according to the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, and optimizes and solves the verification objective function according to the verification constraints to obtain the optimal value of the verification objective function. Then, the operator device verifies whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets the safety of power grid operation according to the optimal value, and sends operation instruction information to each transferred user device according to the verification result.

[0183] In this embodiment, after obtaining the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment, the transferred user equipment can send the optimal net injected active power to the operator equipment so that the operator equipment performs corresponding operations, thereby improving the accuracy of the safety verification of distributed electric energy resources during the transfer process.

[0184] It should be noted that the specific implementation methods and technical effects of the steps in this embodiment can refer to the relevant content in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0185] Step S304: Receive operation instruction information sent by the operator's equipment.

[0186] In this embodiment, the transferring user equipment can receive the operation instruction information sent by the operator equipment and perform corresponding operations according to the operation instruction information. The operations may include each transferring user equipment performing distributed power transfer according to the corresponding optimal net injected active power, or each transferring user equipment re-performing distributed transfer processing according to the corresponding net injected active power constraint.

[0187] In a possible implementation, if the verification result shows that the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets the safety of grid operation, each transferred user device performs distributed power transfer according to the corresponding optimal net injected active power.

[0188] In another possible implementation, if the verification result shows that the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device does not meet the safety of grid operation, the transferred user device will re-perform distributed transfer processing according to the corresponding net injected active power constraint, thereby better ensuring the safety and accuracy of grid operation.

[0189] In an embodiment of the present application, the transfer user device can more comprehensively reflect the behavior of the transfer user device in power transfer by considering the power purchase power, power sales power, net energy storage charging power and distributed transfer power, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of the preset distributed transfer model. Furthermore, the transfer user device can adjust the power purchase, power sales and energy storage strategies of the transfer user device through an iterative optimization algorithm, on the premise of satisfying various transfer constraints, to minimize the power purchase cost and maximize the power sales revenue, thereby optimizing the overall power economy. Furthermore, after obtaining the optimal net injected active power of the transfer user device, the transfer user device can send the optimal net injected active power to the operator device, so that the operator device performs the corresponding operation, thereby improving the accuracy of the safety check of the distributed electric energy resources during the transfer process. The transfer user device can better ensure the safety and accuracy of the power grid operation by receiving the operation instruction information sent by the operator device.

[0190] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, FIG4 is a flow chart of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer in another embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the relevant content of "iteratively solving the distributed transfer objective function according to the transfer constraints" in step S302 in the above embodiment is exemplarily introduced and explained. The method of this embodiment of the present application may include the following steps.

[0191] Step S3021: For the kth iterative solution process, an iterative solution process of distributed transfer is performed on the transfer objective function according to the transfer constraint to obtain the kth iterative distributed transfer power between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipments.

[0192] Optionally, k is an integer greater than 1.

[0193] In this embodiment, for the kth iteration, the transferring user equipment can perform an iterative solution for the transfer objective function based on the transfer constraints using an iterative algorithm for distributed transfer, thereby obtaining the kth iteration's distributed transfer power between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipment. This indicates that different distributed transfer power allocation strategies can be obtained through multiple iterations. As the number of iterations increases, a more optimized solution can be obtained, thereby improving overall system efficiency and reducing resource waste.

[0194] Step S3022: Update the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power and the distributed transfer price in the transfer objective function based on the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration and the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration between other transferring user equipments and the transferring user equipment, and perform the k+1th iterative solution process.

[0195] Exemplarily, the k-th iteration distributed transfer power between other user devices and the transferred user device involved in the embodiments of the present application refers to the k-th iteration solution processing, in which the other user devices perform iterative solution processing of the distributed transfer of the transfer objective function according to the transfer constraints to obtain the k-th iteration distributed transfer power between the other user devices and the transferred user device.

[0196] In one possible implementation, the transferring user equipment can directly obtain the k-th iteration distributed transfer power between other user equipment and the transferring user equipment sent by other user equipment, so as to update the consensus variable and distributed transfer price of the distributed transfer power in the transfer objective function and perform the k+1-th iteration solution processing.

[0197] In another possible implementation method, if the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration between other user devices and the transferring user device is not received from other user devices within a preset time period, the transferring user device can use the distributed transfer power between other user devices and the transferring user device in the previous round of iteration as the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration, so as to update the consensus variable and distributed transfer price of the distributed transfer power in the transfer objective function, and perform the k+1th iteration solution processing.

[0198] Exemplarily, the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power involved in the embodiments of the present application is used to indicate the estimation of the distributed transfer power of other user equipments by the transferring user equipment.

[0199] For example, the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power in the updated transfer objective function involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0200]

[0201] in, It is represented as the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power of the transferring user equipment i to other user equipment j at time t; Denote the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration between the transferring user equipment i and the other transferring user equipment j; It is represented as the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration between other transfer user equipment j and transfer user equipment i.

[0202] Of course, the consensus variable for updating the distributed transfer power in the transfer objective function can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (11).

[0203] For example, the distributed transfer price in the update transfer objective function involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0204]

[0205] in, It is represented as the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power of the transferred user equipment i to other user equipment j at time t after the update; Denote as the updated distributed transfer price of the kth iteration between the transferring user equipment i and other transferring user equipment j; It is represented as the distributed transfer price of the k-1th iteration between the transferring user equipment j and other transferring user equipment i; ρ is the preset step size.

[0206] Of course, the distributed transfer price in the updated transfer objective function can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (12).

[0207] In this embodiment, the transfer user equipment can update the consensus variables and distributed transfer prices of the distributed transfer power in the transfer objective function based on the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration and the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration between other user equipment and the transfer user equipment, so as to bring the consensus variables and distributed transfer prices of the distributed transfer power in the updated transfer objective function into the transfer objective function and perform the k+1th iterative solution processing. Through multiple iterative updates, the results of the preset distributed transfer model can be made more accurate, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire power system.

[0208] In an embodiment of the present application, for the kth iteration solution process, the transferring user equipment can obtain different distributed transfer power allocation strategies through multiple iterations. As the number of iterations increases, a more accurate kth iteration distributed transfer power and the kth iteration distributed transfer power between the transferring user equipment can be obtained. Furthermore, the transferring user equipment can update the consensus variable and distributed transfer price of the distributed transfer power in the transfer objective function based on the kth iteration distributed transfer power and the kth iteration distributed transfer power between other user equipment and the transferring user equipment, so that the updated consensus variable and distributed transfer price of the distributed transfer power in the transfer objective function are brought into the transfer objective function for the k+1th iteration solution process. Through multiple iterative updates, the results of the preset distributed transfer model can be made more accurate, thereby improving the efficiency of the overall system and reducing resource waste.

[0209] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, FIG5 is a flow chart of a method for operating a power grid for distributed power transfer in another embodiment of the present application. This embodiment of the present application provides an exemplary description of the "when to send the kth iteration of distributed power transfer to other user devices" involved in the above embodiment. The method of this embodiment of the present application may include the following steps.

[0210] Step S501 : determining a distributed transfer power difference between a transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipments according to the distributed transfer power of the k-1th iteration and the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration.

[0211] For example, the distributed transfer power difference involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0212]

[0213] in, It is represented as a column vector consisting of the distributed transfer power of all potential other user equipments for the kth iteration of the transferred user equipment i, It is represented as a column vector consisting of the distributed transfer powers of all potential other user equipments for the k-1th iteration of the transferred user equipment i. It is represented as the distributed transfer power change of the transferred user equipment i in the kth iteration.

[0214] Of course, the distributed transfer power difference can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (13).

[0215] In this embodiment, the transferring user equipment may determine a distributed transfer power difference between the transferring user equipment and the other transferring user equipment based on the distributed transfer power of the k-1th iteration and the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration. Thus, determining the distributed transfer power difference by comparing the distributed transfer powers of the k-1th iteration and the kth iteration can provide a better basis for subsequently determining whether to send the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration to other user equipment.

[0216] Step S502: When the distributed transfer power difference meets a preset power difference threshold, the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration is sent to other transferring user equipments.

[0217] For example, the preset power difference threshold involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0218]

[0219] in, Indicates whether the transferred user equipment i sends the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration to other user equipments. The distributed transfer power of the kth iteration is sent to other user equipments; otherwise, the distributed transfer power between other user equipments and the transferred user equipment in the previous iteration is used as the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration; α is a preset parameter; m k Set the threshold for the kth round.

[0220] Of course, the preset power difference threshold can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (14).

[0221] In this embodiment, if the distributed transfer power difference meets a preset power difference threshold, the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration is sent to other user equipment. Correspondingly, if the distributed transfer power difference does not meet the preset power difference threshold, the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration is not sent to other user equipment. The transferring user equipment may use the distributed transfer power between the other user equipment and the transferring user equipment in the previous iteration as the distributed transfer power for the kth iteration to facilitate subsequent operations. By limiting communication between user equipment, communication costs can be reduced.

[0222] In this embodiment of the present application, the transferring user equipment determines the distributed transfer power difference by comparing the distributed transfer powers of the k-1th and kth iterations. This provides a better basis for subsequently determining whether to transmit the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration to other user equipment. Furthermore, if the distributed transfer power difference meets a preset power difference threshold, the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration is transmitted to other user equipment. Correspondingly, if the distributed transfer power difference does not meet the preset power difference threshold, the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration is not transmitted to other user equipment. The transferring user equipment may use the distributed transfer power between the other user equipment and the transferring user equipment in the previous iteration as the distributed transfer power for the kth iteration to facilitate subsequent operations. Considering that existing communication networks participating in distributed transfers are imperfect and cannot handle heavy communication burdens, and that the greater the number of communications, the greater the likelihood of data loss and desynchronization, this embodiment sets a communication permission threshold. Each transferring user equipment is screened in each round. Only those that meet the preset power difference threshold compared to the previous round are transmitted to other transferring user equipment. By limiting communication between user equipment, communication costs can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of data loss.

[0223] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, FIG6 is a flow chart of a method for operating a power grid for distributed power transfer in another embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the relevant content of step S302 in the above embodiment, "determining the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment based on the iterative solution processing result when the iterative solution processing result satisfies a preset convergence condition," is exemplarily introduced and explained. The method in this embodiment of the present application may include the following steps.

[0224] Step S601: When the distributed transfer power of the m-1th iteration between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipment, the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration, and the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration between other transferring user equipment and the transferring user equipment meet a preset convergence condition, the distributed transfer total power of the transferring user equipment is determined according to the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipment.

[0225] For example, the preset convergence condition involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0226]

[0227] in, Denote the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration between the transferring user equipment i and the other transferring user equipment j; Denote as the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration between other transfer user equipment j and transfer user equipment i; Denote the distributed transfer power of the k-1th iteration between the transfer user equipment i and the other transfer user equipment j; and are preset parameters.

[0228] Of course, the preset convergence condition can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (15).

[0229] For example, the distributed transfer total power of the transferred user equipment involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0230]

[0231] Among them, e ij,t It is represented as the distributed transfer power between the transfer user equipment i and other transfer user equipment j.

[0232] Of course, the distributed total transfer power of the transferred user equipment can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (16).

[0233] In this embodiment, if the distributed transfer power of the transferring user equipment at the m-1th iteration, the distributed transfer power at the mth iteration, and the distributed transfer power of the transferring user equipment at the mth iteration between the transferring user equipment and the other transferring user equipment meet preset convergence conditions, the transferring user equipment can determine the distributed total transfer power of the transferring user equipment based on the distributed transfer power of the transferring user equipment at the mth iteration with the other transferring user equipment. Thus, by calculating and determining the distributed total transfer power of the transferring user equipment, the transferring user equipment can better understand the contribution of each user equipment to the entire system, thereby ensuring that the system meets user needs while minimizing overall electricity purchase and sale costs.

[0234] Step S602 : determining the optimal net injected active power according to the total distributed transfer power, the power purchased by the transfer user equipment from the grid, and the power sold by the transfer user equipment to the grid.

[0235] For example, the optimal net injected active power involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0236]

[0237] in, represents the optimal node net injection power of the transferred user equipment i at time t; Indicates the optimal power sold by transferring user equipment to the grid; Indicates the optimal power purchase of the user equipment from the grid; Indicates the optimal distributed transfer total power between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipments.

[0238] Of course, the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (17).

[0239] In this embodiment, the transferred user device can determine the optimal net injected active power based on the total distributed transfer power, the power purchased by the transferred user device from the grid, and the power sold by the transferred user device to the grid. This shows that by rationally allocating purchased and sold power, it is possible to minimize energy costs and improve the economic efficiency of the user device, thereby ensuring that the transferred user device injects active power into the grid under optimal economic and technical conditions.

[0240] In an embodiment of the present application, the transfer user device can better understand the contribution of each user device to the entire system by calculating and determining the distributed transfer total power of the transfer user device, thereby facilitating ensuring that the system meets user needs while minimizing the overall electricity purchase and sale costs. Furthermore, the transfer user device can determine the optimal net injected active power based on the distributed transfer total power, the purchase power of the transfer user device from the power grid, and the sales power of the transfer user device to the power grid. By reasonably allocating the purchase and sales power, the cost of electricity can be minimized and the economy of the user device can be improved, thereby ensuring that the transfer user device injects active power into the power grid under the optimal economic and technical conditions.

[0241] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, FIG7 is a flow chart of a grid operation method for distributed power transfer in another embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the relevant content of step S301 involved in the above embodiment, "constructing transfer constraints of a preset distributed transfer model based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the grid, the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment," is exemplarily introduced and explained. The method of this embodiment of the present application may include the following steps.

[0242] Step S3011: construct energy storage transfer constraints based on the energy storage net charging power and charge state of the transferred user equipment.

[0243] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the transferring user equipment may construct the energy storage transfer constraint using the following formula (18) based on the energy storage net charging power and charge state of the transferring user equipment.

[0244]

[0245] in, is a variable representing the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user device i; is a variable representing the charge state of the transferred user device i; is a constant, representing the lower limit of the net charging power of the energy storage transferred to user device i; is a constant, representing the upper limit of the net charging power of the energy storage transferred to user device i; is a constant, indicating the lower limit of the state of charge of the transferred user equipment i; is a constant, indicating the upper limit of the state of charge of the transferred user equipment i.

[0246] Of course, the energy storage transfer constraint can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (18).

[0247] It should be understood that, to simplify the model, the present embodiment does not distinguish between the charging and discharging power of the energy storage. Distributed resource configurations of energy storage do not charge and discharge simultaneously. Furthermore, the model used to calculate the dynamic operating domain in the present embodiment ignores the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage.

[0248] In this embodiment, the transferring user device can establish energy storage transfer constraints based on the transferring user device's net energy storage charging power and state of charge. This allows for effective management of the charging and discharging behavior of energy storage devices, optimizing system energy storage utilization, improving energy storage system efficiency, and ensuring that the system can fully utilize energy storage resources when needed.

[0249] Step S3012 : constructing a distributed resource power balance transfer constraint according to the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment.

[0250] For example, in an embodiment of the present application, the transferred user equipment may construct a distributed resource power balance transfer constraint using the following formula (19) based on the net energy storage charging power and charge state of the transferred user equipment.

[0251]

[0252] in, is a constant, representing the fixed load of the node where the distributed resource is located; is a constant, indicating the unit output; Indicates the power sold from the user equipment to the grid; Indicates the power purchased by the user equipment from the grid.

[0253] Of course, the distributed resource power balance transfer constraint can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (19).

[0254] In this embodiment, the transferring user device can establish a distributed resource power balance transfer constraint based on the transferring user device's net energy storage charging power and the distributed transfer power between the transferring user device and other transferring user devices. This shows that by considering the transferring user device's net energy storage charging power and the distributed transfer power between the transferring user device and other transferring user devices, establishing a power balance transfer constraint helps ensure a balance between the system's total power input and output, thereby maintaining the stability and reliability of the power system and preventing power fluctuations from adversely affecting the system.

[0255] Step S3013: constructing distributed resource power purchase and sale power transfer constraints based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the power grid and the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the power grid.

[0256] For example, in an embodiment of the present application, the transferred user equipment can construct a distributed resource power purchase and sale power transfer constraint using the following formula (20) based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the power grid and the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the power grid.

[0257]

[0258] in, is a constant, indicating the maximum power limit of the power purchased by the user equipment from the grid; is a constant, indicating the maximum power limit of the power sold by the user equipment to the grid; i,t An integer variable representing the distributed resource electricity purchase and sales mode.

[0259] Furthermore, the distributed resource power transfer constraints can be relaxed to obtain the following constraints:

[0260]

[0261] Of course, the relaxed distributed resource power purchase and sales power transfer constraint can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (21).

[0262] In this embodiment, the transferred user device can establish distributed resource power purchase and sales power transfer constraints based on the power purchased from the grid and the power sold to the grid by the transferred user device. This allows for optimized power transfer, minimizing power purchase costs and maximizing power sales revenue. This helps ensure efficient and economical operation of the system during the power purchase and sales process.

[0263] In the embodiment of the present application, the transfer user device can effectively manage the charging and discharging behavior of the energy storage device and improve the efficiency of the energy storage system by constructing an energy storage transfer constraint based on the net charging power and state of charge of the energy storage. Furthermore, the transfer user device constructs a power balance transfer constraint by considering the net charging power of the energy storage of the transfer user device and the distributed transfer power with other transfer user devices, which helps to ensure the balance between the total power input and output of the system and is conducive to maintaining the stability and reliability of the power system. The transfer user device can optimize the transfer of electric energy, minimize the cost of purchasing electricity and increase the revenue from selling electricity by constructing a power purchase and sale power transfer constraint based on the power purchased from the power grid and the power sold to the power grid by the transfer user device.

[0264] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides an exemplary description of the content of step S301 involved in the above embodiment, "constructing a transfer objective function of a preset distributed transfer model based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the grid, the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment." The method of the embodiment of the present application may include the following steps.

[0265] Optionally, in order to facilitate understanding of how the transfer objective function is constructed, the following embodiments of this application first introduce and explain the relevant contents of the user decision objective function and the centralized model.

[0266] Exemplarily, for the user decision objective function, it is assumed that there are a total of H transfer user devices participating in the distributed transfer, and the H transfer user devices can be represented as a set H = {1, ..., H}. For each transfer user device, it is assumed that it is equipped with a distributed photovoltaic or small wind turbine as distributed power, and is configured with an energy storage system and an unadjustable load. Each transfer user device has the ability to solve the local optimization problem and obtain the optimal solution for the distributed transfer decision. The unordered pair (i, j) ∈ ε indicates that the transfer user device i and the transfer user device j can transfer to each other, and ε represents a combination of possible transfer objects. The transfer object of the transfer user device i can be represented as a set N i ={j|(j,i)∈ε}.

[0267] For example, the user decision objective function involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0268]

[0269] in, represents the electricity purchase price of the transferred user device i from the grid; The electricity selling price of user device i to the grid; λ ij,tThe distributed transfer price between the transferring user device i and other transferring user devices j. θ i Denote it as the maximum benefit of transferring user equipment i.

[0270] Of course, the user decision objective function can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (22).

[0271] Furthermore, assuming that all transfer user devices participating in the distributed transfer are rational and non-strategic, the centralized model of the distributed transfer market consists of a centralized objective function and centralized constraints, wherein the centralized constraints are the transfer constraints of the distributed transfer model in the above embodiment.

[0272] For example, the centralized model of the distributed transfer market involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0273]

[0274] Among them, the distributed transfer prices of all transferred user devices must satisfy the transfer complementarity constraint e ij,t =-e ji,t , indicating that the distributed transfer power of the transferred user equipment i and the transferred user equipment j at the same time is consistent. The Lagrange multiplier λ of the transfer complementarity constraint is ij,t Indicates the distributed transfer transaction price.

[0275] Of course, the centralized model of the distributed transfer market can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (23).

[0276] Furthermore, by introducing a consensus variable on distributed transfer power, the transfer complementarity constraint in the centralized model of the distributed transfer market is rewritten as:

[0277]

[0278] in, is an intermediate variable, which represents the consensus variable of distributed transfer power.

[0279] Of course, the rewritten transfer complementarity constraint can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (24).

[0280] In the following embodiments of the present application, the construction of the transfer target function is exemplarily introduced and explained.

[0281] Optionally, a transfer objective function is constructed based on the power purchased by the transfer user equipment from the power grid, the power sold by the transfer user equipment to the power grid, the distributed transfer power between the transfer user equipment and other transfer user equipment, the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power and the distributed transfer price.

[0282] For example, the transfer objective function involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0283]

[0284] in, It is obtained by relaxing the rewritten transfer complementarity constraint into the objective function through the Lagrange multiplier of the rewritten transfer complementarity constraint; is the added penalty item.

[0285] Of course, the transfer target function can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (25).

[0286] It should be understood that the transfer objective function is obtained by improving the centralized model and decomposing it into subproblems.

[0287] Furthermore, a preset distributed transfer model can be obtained based on the transfer objective function and the transfer constraints. For example, the preset distributed transfer model involved in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as:

[0288]

[0289] Of course, the preset distributed transfer model can also be expressed as other variations or equivalent formulas of the above formula (26).

[0290] In this embodiment of the present application, a transfer objective function can be constructed for a transferring user device based on the power purchased from the power grid, the power sold by the transferring user device to the power grid, the distributed transfer power between the transferring user device and other transferring user devices, the consensus variable for the distributed transfer power, and the distributed transfer price. By adding the consensus variable and penalty term for the distributed transfer power, the transfer objective function can be constructed, and the iterative solution can be used to improve the speed of iterative convergence, thereby obtaining the optimal transfer strategy for transferring between the transferring user device and the operator's equipment, thereby optimizing the entire distributed transfer.

[0291] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, an overall flow chart of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer is provided in an embodiment of the present application. FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow chart of a method for operating a power grid with distributed power transfer in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG8 , the method includes the following steps.

[0292] In step S801, the transferring user equipment constructs a transfer constraint of a preset distributed transfer model based on the power purchased by the transferring user equipment from the grid, the power sold by the transferring user equipment to the grid, the net energy storage charging power of the transferring user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipment.

[0293] In step S802, the transferring user equipment constructs a transfer objective function based on the power purchased by the transferring user equipment from the grid, the power sold by the transferring user equipment to the grid, the distributed transfer power between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipment, the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power, and the distributed transfer price.

[0294] Step S803 : For the kth iterative solution process, the transferring user equipment performs iterative solution processing of distributed transfer on the transfer objective function according to the transfer constraint, and obtains the kth iterative distributed transfer power between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipments.

[0295] In step S804, the transferring user equipment updates the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power and the distributed transfer price in the transfer objective function based on the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration and the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration between other user equipment and the transferring user equipment, and performs the k+1th iterative solution process.

[0296] In step S805, when the distributed transfer power of the m-1th iteration between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipment, the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration, and the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration between other user equipment and the transferring user equipment meet the preset convergence condition, the transferring user equipment determines the distributed total transfer power of the transferring user equipment based on the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipment.

[0297] Step S806 : The transferring user equipment determines the optimal net injected active power according to the total distributed transfer power, the power purchased by the transferring user equipment from the grid, and the power sold by the transferring user equipment to the grid.

[0298] Step S807: The transferring user equipment sends the optimal net injected active power to the operator equipment.

[0299] Step S808: The operator equipment obtains the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment.

[0300] In step S809 , the operator equipment constructs a verification constraint and a verification objective function of a preset power grid security verification model according to the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment.

[0301] In step S810 , the operator device optimizes and solves the calibration objective function according to the calibration constraints to obtain the optimal value of the calibration objective function.

[0302] Step S811: The operator equipment sends operation instruction information to each transferring user equipment according to the verification result.

[0303] Step S812: The transferring user equipment receives operation instruction information sent by the operator equipment.

[0304] It should be noted that the specific implementation method of each step in the embodiment of the present application can refer to the relevant content in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0305] In summary, the embodiments of the present application propose a distributed power grid operation method for power transfer. This method decomposes the centralized market model of distributed transfer into sub-models for each user. Through a consensus mechanism, consensus variables are introduced to achieve complete decentralization of distributed transfer. During the iterative process, the transferring user device solves the sub-models and sends the solved distributed transfer results of the individual preference to other transferring user devices via a communication device. After receiving the transfer results of the other party's preference, the solution variables and constraint multipliers are updated locally, thus preventing privacy leakage of the transferring user device. At the same time, a threshold for allowing communication is set when sending the distributed transfer results of the individual preference. If the transfer result of the current round is less than the result sent in the previous round than the preset threshold, the transferred user device retains the distributed transfer power and does not send it to other transferred user devices, thereby saving communication costs. Furthermore, compared to traditional unconstrained distributed transfer, the distributed power grid operation method for power transfer in the embodiments of the present application introduces security verification by the distribution network operator. By establishing a preset grid security verification model, the grid operator device can efficiently and accurately determine whether the transfer result meets the grid security constraints by solving the optimization model. For transfer results that do not meet security constraints, it is necessary to re-enter the market for transfer negotiation.

[0306] It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be performed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily performed at the same time, but can be performed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be performed in sequence, but can be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0307] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application also provide a distributed power grid operation device for implementing the above-mentioned distributed power grid operation method. The solution to the problem provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the above-mentioned method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more embodiments of the distributed power grid operation device provided below can be found in the above-mentioned limitations of the distributed power grid operation method, and will not be repeated here.

[0308] In one embodiment, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed power transfer grid operation device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 9, the distributed power transfer grid operation device according to the embodiment of the present application can be applied to operator equipment. The distributed power transfer grid operation device may include: an acquisition module 901, a construction module 902, a determination module 903, and a sending module 904.

[0309] An acquisition module 901 is configured to acquire an optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment; wherein the optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment is the power obtained through distributed transfer processing;

[0310] A construction module 902 is configured to construct a verification constraint and a verification objective function of a preset power grid security verification model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment;

[0311] Determination module 903 is used to optimize and solve the verification objective function according to the verification constraints to obtain the optimal value of the verification objective function, and verify whether the optimal net injection power of each transferred user device meets the safety of grid operation based on the optimal value;

[0312] The sending module 904 is configured to send operation instruction information to each transferring user equipment according to the verification result.

[0313] In one embodiment, the building block 902 includes: a first building unit.

[0314] Among them, the construction unit is used to construct branch flow constraints, voltage constraints, branch flow limit constraints and node voltage limit constraints based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, the net injected reactive power of each transferred user equipment, and the line active power and reactive power between each transferred user equipment.

[0315] In one embodiment, the building block 902 includes: a second building unit:

[0316] The second construction unit is used to construct a verification objective function according to the first slack variable in the branch power flow limit constraint and the second slack variable in the node voltage limit constraint.

[0317] In one embodiment, the first building block is specifically configured to:

[0318] Establish branch power flow constraints based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user equipment, the net injected reactive power of each transferred user equipment, and the active power and reactive power of the lines between the transferred user equipment;

[0319] Establishing voltage constraints based on the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the active power and reactive power of the lines between the transferred user equipment;

[0320] Constructing a branch power flow limit constraint according to the voltage of each transferred user equipment, the first slack variable, and the active power and reactive power of the line between each transferred user equipment;

[0321] A node voltage limit constraint is constructed according to the voltage of each transferred user equipment and the second slack variable.

[0322] In one embodiment, the determining module 903 is specifically configured to:

[0323] If the optimal value satisfies the preset numerical range, the verification result is used to indicate that the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device satisfies the safety of grid operation; correspondingly, the operation instruction information is used to instruct each transferred user device to perform distributed power transfer according to the corresponding optimal net injected active power;

[0324] If the optimal value does not meet the preset numerical range, the verification result is used to indicate that the optimal net injection power of each transferred user device does not meet the safety of grid operation; correspondingly, the operation instruction information is used to instruct each transferred user device to re-perform distributed transfer processing according to the corresponding net injected active power constraint.

[0325] The distributed power grid operation device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the technical solution in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0326] In one embodiment, Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed power grid operation device for power transfer in another embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 10, the distributed power grid operation device for power transfer in this embodiment of the present application can be applied to transfer user equipment. The distributed power grid operation device for power transfer may include: a construction module 1001, a first determination module 1002, a first sending module 1003, and a receiving module 1004.

[0327] A construction module 1001 is configured to construct a transfer constraint and a transfer objective function of a preset distributed transfer model based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the grid, the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment;

[0328] A first determining module 1002 is configured to perform an iterative solution process for a distributed transfer of a transfer objective function according to a transfer constraint, and determine an optimal net injected active power of the transferred user equipment according to the iterative solution process result if the iterative solution process result satisfies a preset convergence condition;

[0329] A first sending module 1003 is configured to send the optimal net injected active power to the operator device, so that the operator device constructs a verification constraint and a verification objective function of a preset power grid security verification model based on the optimal net injected active power of each transferred user device, optimizes and solves the verification objective function based on the verification constraint to obtain an optimal value of the verification objective function, verifies whether the optimal net injected power of each transferred user device meets the requirements for power grid operation safety based on the optimal value, and sends operation instruction information to each transferred user device based on the verification result;

[0330] The receiving module 1004 is configured to receive operation instruction information sent by the operator's equipment.

[0331] In one embodiment, the determination module 1002 includes: a determination unit and an update unit, wherein:

[0332] a determining unit configured to perform an iterative solution process for distributed transfer on a transfer objective function according to the transfer constraint for a k-th iterative solution process, to obtain a k-th iterative distributed transfer power between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipments; wherein k is an integer greater than 1;

[0333] An updating unit is configured to update the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power and the distributed transfer price in the transfer objective function according to the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration and the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration between other transferring user equipment and the transferring user equipment, and perform a k+1th iterative solution process.

[0334] In one embodiment, the grid operation device for distributed electric energy transfer further includes:

[0335] A second determining module is configured to determine a distributed transfer power difference between the transferring user equipment and other transferring user equipments according to the distributed transfer power of the k-1th iteration and the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration;

[0336] The second sending module is configured to send the distributed transfer power of the kth iteration to other user equipments when the distributed transfer power difference meets a preset power difference threshold.

[0337] In one embodiment, the iterative solution processing result includes: the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment, the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the power grid, and the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the power grid. The first determination module 1002 is specifically configured to:

[0338] determining the distributed transfer total power of the transferring user equipment according to the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration between the transferring user equipment and the other transferring user equipment, if the distributed transfer power of the m-1th iteration between the transferring user equipment and the other transferring user equipment, the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration, and the distributed transfer power of the mth iteration between the other user equipment and the transferring user equipment meet a preset convergence condition; wherein m is an integer greater than 1, and m is greater than k;

[0339] The optimal net injected active power is determined based on the total distributed transfer power, the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, and the power sold by the transferred user equipment to the grid.

[0340] In one embodiment, the building block 1001 is specifically configured to:

[0341] Establish energy storage transfer constraints based on the net energy storage charging power and state of charge of the transferred user equipment;

[0342] Constructing a distributed resource power balance transfer constraint based on the net energy storage charging power of the transferred user equipment and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment;

[0343] Based on the power purchase of user equipment from the power grid and the power sale of user equipment to the power grid, a power transfer constraint for distributed resource purchase and sale power is established.

[0344] In one embodiment, the building block 1001 is further specifically configured to:

[0345] A transfer objective function is constructed based on the power purchased by the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power sold to the grid by the transferred user equipment, the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment, the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power and the distributed transfer price.

[0346] The distributed power grid operation device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the technical solution in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0347] Each module in the aforementioned distributed power transfer grid operation device may be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each module may be embedded in or independent of a processor within the grid operation device in hardware form, or may be stored in memory within the grid operation device in software form, allowing the processor to call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0348] In an exemplary embodiment, a power grid operation device is provided, the internal structure of which may be as shown in FIG11 . For example, the power grid operation device in the embodiment of the present application may be an operator device or a transfer user device. The power grid operation device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of the power grid operation device provides computing and control capabilities. The memory of the power grid operation device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operating system and computer program stored in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the power grid operation device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The database of the power grid operation device is used to store verification constraints, verification objective functions, optimal values ​​of verification objective functions, verification results, optimal net injected active power, transfer constraints and transfer objective functions of a preset distributed transfer model, and the like. The input / output interface of the power grid operation device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the power grid operation device is used to communicate with external devices through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it realizes the power grid operation method of distributed power transfer provided by the above embodiment of the present application.

[0349] Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure shown in Figure 11 is merely a block diagram of a partial structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the power grid operation equipment to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific power grid operation equipment may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0350] In one embodiment, a power grid operation device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory. When the processor executes the computer program, the technical solution regarding the operator equipment or the transfer user equipment in the above-mentioned power grid operation method embodiment of distributed power transfer in this application is implemented. The implementation principle and technical effect are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0351] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the technical solution regarding operator equipment or transferred user equipment in the above-mentioned distributed power transfer grid operation method embodiment of the present application is implemented. The implementation principle and technical effect are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0352] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the technical solution regarding operator equipment or transfer user equipment in the above-mentioned distributed power transfer grid operation method embodiment of the present application. The implementation principle and technical effect are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0353] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, distributed databases based on blockchains. The processor involved in the various embodiments provided herein may be, but are not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic unit, a data processing logic unit based on quantum computing, and the like.

[0354] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0355] The above embodiments represent only a few implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make a number of variations and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, and these variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features therein may be replaced with equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions within the scope of the various embodiments of the present application and are intended to be encompassed by the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, the various technical features described in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner, provided there are no structural conflicts. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather encompasses all technical solutions within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A grid operation method for distributed power transfer, wherein, The method includes: Obtaining the optimal net injected active power of each transfer user device; wherein, the optimal net injected active power of the transfer user device is the power obtained through distributed transfer processing; Constructing the checking constraints and the checking objective function of a preset power grid security checking model according to the optimal net injected active power of each transfer user device; Performing an optimization solution process on the checking objective function according to the checking constraints, obtaining the optimal value of the checking objective function, and checking whether the optimal net injected power of each transfer user device meets the power grid operation safety according to the optimal value; Sending operation instruction information to each transfer user device according to the checking result.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The constructing the checking constraints of a preset power grid security checking model according to the optimal net injected active power of each transfer user device includes: Constructing branch power flow constraints, voltage constraints, branch power flow limit constraints, and node voltage limit constraints according to the optimal net injected active power of each transfer user device, the net injected reactive power of each transfer user device, the active power and reactive power of the lines between each transfer user device.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The constructing the checking objective function of a preset power grid security checking model according to the optimal net injected active power of each transfer user device includes: Constructing the checking objective function according to the first slack variable in the branch power flow limit constraint and the second slack variable in the node voltage limit constraint.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The constructing branch power flow constraints, voltage constraints, branch power flow limit constraints, and node voltage limit constraints according to the optimal net injected active power of each transfer user device, the net injected reactive power of each transfer user device, the active power and reactive power of the lines between each transfer user device includes: Constructing the branch power flow constraints according to the optimal net injected active power of each transfer user device, the net injected reactive power of each transfer user device, the active power and reactive power of the lines between each transfer user device; Constructing the voltage constraints according to the voltages of each transfer user device and the active power and reactive power of the lines between each transfer user device; Constructing the branch power flow limit constraints according to the voltages of each transfer user device, the first slack variable, and the active power and reactive power of the lines between each transfer user device; Constructing the node voltage limit constraints according to the voltages of each transfer user device and the second slack variable.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein The checking whether the optimal net injected power of each transfer user device meets the power grid operation safety according to the optimal value includes: If the optimal value satisfies the preset numerical range, the checking result is used to indicate that the optimal net injected power of each transfer user device meets the power grid operation safety; correspondingly, the operation instruction information is used to instruct each transfer user device to perform distributed electric energy transfer according to the corresponding optimal net injected active power. If the optimal value does not satisfy the preset numerical range, the verification result is used to indicate that the optimal net injection power of each of the transferred user equipment does not satisfy the grid operation safety; correspondingly, the operation instruction information is used to instruct each of the transferred user equipment to perform distributed transfer processing again according to the corresponding net injection active power constraint.

6. A power grid operation method for distributed power transfer, wherein, The method includes: Construct a transfer constraint and a transfer objective function of a preset distributed transfer model according to the power purchase power of the transferred user equipment from the power grid, the power selling power of the transferred user equipment to the power grid, the net charging power of the energy storage of the transferred user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment; Perform iterative solution processing of distributed transfer on the transfer objective function according to the transfer constraint, and determine the optimal net injection active power of the transferred user equipment according to the iterative solution processing result when the iterative solution processing result satisfies the preset convergence condition; Send the optimal net injection active power to the operator equipment, so that when the operator equipment constructs a verification constraint and a verification objective function of a preset grid safety verification model according to the optimal net injection active power of each of the transferred user equipment, and performs optimization solution processing on the verification objective function according to the verification constraint to obtain the optimal value of the verification objective function, verify whether the optimal net injection power of each of the transferred user equipment satisfies the grid operation safety according to the optimal value, and send operation instruction information to each of the transferred user equipment according to the verification result; Receive the operation instruction information sent by the operator equipment.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein The iterative solution processing of performing distributed transfer on the transfer objective function according to the transfer constraint includes: For the k-th iterative solution processing, perform iterative solution processing of distributed transfer on the transfer objective function according to the transfer constraint to obtain the distributed transfer power of the k-th iteration between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment; where k is an integer greater than 1; Update the consensus variable and the distributed transfer price of the distributed transfer power in the transfer objective function according to the distributed transfer power of the k-th iteration and the distributed transfer power of the k-th iteration between the other user equipment and the transferred user equipment, and perform the (k + 1)-th iterative solution processing.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein The method further includes: Determine a distributed transfer power difference according to the distributed transfer power of the (k - 1)-th iteration between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment and the distributed transfer power of the k-th iteration; When the distributed transfer power difference satisfies the preset power difference threshold, send the distributed transfer power of the k-th iteration to the other transferred user equipment.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 - 8, wherein, The iterative solution processing result includes: the distributed transfer power of the m-th iteration between the transfer user equipment and other transfer user equipment, the power purchase power of the transfer user equipment from the power grid, and the power selling power of the transfer user equipment to the power grid. When the iterative solution processing result meets the preset convergence condition, determining the optimal net injected active power of the transfer user equipment according to the iterative solution processing result includes: When the distributed transfer power of the (m-1)-th iteration between the transfer user equipment and other transfer user equipment, the distributed transfer power of the m-th iteration, and the distributed transfer power of the m-th iteration between the other transfer user equipment and the transfer user equipment meet the preset convergence condition, determining the total distributed transfer power of the transfer user equipment according to the distributed transfer power of the m-th iteration between the transfer user equipment and other transfer user equipment; where m is an integer greater than 1 and m is greater than k; Determining the optimal net injected active power according to the total distributed transfer power, the power purchase power of the transfer user equipment from the power grid, and the power selling power of the transfer user equipment to the power grid.

10. The method according to any one of claims 6 - 8, wherein, Constructing the transfer constraints of the preset distributed transfer model according to the power purchase power of the transfer user equipment from the power grid, the power selling power of the transfer user equipment to the power grid, the energy storage net charging power of the transfer user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transfer user equipment and other transfer user equipment includes: Constructing the energy storage transfer constraint according to the energy storage net charging power and the state of charge of the transfer user equipment; Constructing the distributed resource power balance transfer constraint according to the energy storage net charging power of the transfer user equipment and the distributed transfer power between the transfer user equipment and other transfer user equipment; Constructing the distributed resource power purchase and selling power transfer constraint according to the power purchase power of the transfer user equipment from the power grid and the power selling power of the transfer user equipment to the power grid.

11. The method according to any one of claims 6 - 8, wherein, Constructing the transfer objective function of the preset distributed transfer model according to the power purchase power of the transfer user equipment from the power grid, the power selling power of the transfer user equipment to the power grid, the energy storage net charging power of the transfer user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transfer user equipment and other transfer user equipment includes: Constructing the transfer objective function according to the power purchase power of the transfer user equipment from the power grid, the power selling power of the transfer user equipment to the power grid, the distributed transfer power between the transfer user equipment and other transfer user equipment, the consensus variable of the distributed transfer power, and the distributed transfer price.

12. A power grid operation device for distributed power transfer, wherein, The device includes: An acquisition module, configured to acquire the optimal net injected active power of each transfer user equipment; where the optimal net injected active power of the transfer user equipment is the power obtained through distributed transfer processing; A construction module, configured to construct the verification constraints and the verification objective function of the preset power grid security verification model according to the optimal net injected active power of each transfer user equipment; A determination module, configured to perform an optimization solution process on the verification objective function according to the verification constraint, obtain the optimal value of the verification objective function, and verify whether the optimal net injection power of each transferred user equipment meets the grid operation safety according to the optimal value; A sending module, configured to send operation instruction information to each transferred user equipment according to the verification result.

13. A power grid operation device for distributed power transfer, wherein, The device includes: A construction module, configured to construct a transfer constraint and a transfer objective function of a preset distributed transfer model according to the power purchase power of the transferred user equipment from the grid, the power selling power of the transferred user equipment to the grid, the net charging power of the energy storage of the transferred user equipment, and the distributed transfer power between the transferred user equipment and other transferred user equipment; A determination module, configured to perform an iterative solution process of distributed transfer on the transfer objective function according to the transfer constraint, and determine the optimal net injection active power of the transferred user equipment according to the iterative solution process result when the iterative solution process result meets a preset convergence condition; A sending module, configured to send the optimal net injection active power to an operator device, so that the operator device constructs a verification constraint and a verification objective function of a preset grid safety verification model according to the optimal net injection active power of each transferred user equipment, and performs an optimization solution process on the verification objective function according to the verification constraint to obtain the optimal value of the verification objective function, verify whether the optimal net injection power of each transferred user equipment meets the grid operation safety according to the optimal value, and send operation instruction information to each transferred user equipment according to the verification result; A receiving module, configured to receive the operation instruction information sent by the operator device.

14. A power grid operation device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where, When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or 6 to 11 are implemented.

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