Heat engine control method during starting of fuel cell system, and fuel cell system

Abstract

The present application relates to a heat engine control method during starting of a fuel cell system, and a fuel cell system, applied to the technical field of fuel cells. The method comprises: starting a fuel cell system, opening a small-circulation cooling loop, and loading an output power to a first power; running at the first power, and monitoring an inlet temperature of a cell stack; if the inlet temperature reaches a first temperature, rotating a three-way valve at a first rotating speed; monitoring a cell voltage value of the cell stack, and calculating a voltage variance; if the voltage variance is less than or equal to a first threshold, returning to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotating speed until a large-circulation cooling loop is completely opened and the small-circulation cooling loop is completely closed; loading the output power of the fuel cell system to a rated power; if the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to a third threshold, decreasing the voltage variance to be within the first threshold, and returning to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotating speed; and if the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold, stopping starting. The fluctuation of the internal temperature of the cell stack can be reduced.

Description

Thermal engine control method during fuel cell system startup and fuel cell system Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a thermal engine control method and a fuel cell system during the startup process of a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell is a green energy conversion device with the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, zero emissions, and fast start-up at low temperatures. It will have broad application prospects in the field of new energy vehicles.

[0003] During the startup process of the fuel cell system, in order to enable the stack to quickly reach the rated operating point temperature, the small circulation cooling loop is operated when the stack has not reached the predetermined temperature in the low power range; when the stack temperature reaches the predetermined temperature, the large circulation cooling loop is switched to operate. However, this process can easily cause temperature fluctuations inside the stack, affecting the stable power output of the fuel cell system. The gas humidity inside the stack is prone to oversaturation, affecting the diffusion of gas inside the stack. In addition, there is a risk of single low in the stack. If the single low is serious, it will cause the system thermal engine to fail and cannot start normally. The long-term occurrence of this problem will affect the service life of the stack and the system.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a thermal engine control method during the startup process of a fuel cell system, a fuel cell system, a storage medium and a computer program product.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present application, a method for controlling a thermal engine during startup of a fuel cell system is provided, comprising:

[0007] Starting the fuel cell system, introducing hydrogen and air into the fuel cell stack, opening the small circulation cooling loop, and increasing the output power of the fuel cell system to a first power;

[0008] operating the fuel cell system at the first power and monitoring the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack in real time;

[0009] If the inlet temperature reaches a first temperature, rotating the three-way valve at a first rotation rate to gradually open the large circulation cooling circuit and gradually close the small circulation cooling circuit;

[0010] monitoring the cell voltage values ​​of the stack in real time, and calculating the voltage variance based on the cell voltage values;

[0011] If the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate until the large circulation cooling circuit is fully opened and the small circulation cooling circuit is fully closed;

[0012] After all the large-cycle cooling circuits are opened and all the small-cycle cooling circuits are closed, the output power of the fuel cell system is increased to the rated power;

[0013] If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold, rotating the three-way valve at a second rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and returning to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein the second rotation rate is less than the first rotation rate;

[0014] If the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to a third threshold, reducing the output power of the fuel cell system from the first power to a second power;

[0015] operating the fuel cell system at the second power and monitoring the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack in real time;

[0016] If the inlet temperature reaches a second temperature, rotating the three-way valve at a third rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and returning to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein the third rotation rate is less than the second rotation rate, and the second temperature is less than the first temperature;

[0017] If the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold, it is determined that the fuel cell system has failed, and startup is stopped.

[0018] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0019] While the three-way valve is rotated at a third rotation rate, the amount of hydrogen and air introduced is increased.

[0020] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0021] If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, a first-level thermal engine alarm is triggered;

[0022] If the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold, triggering a secondary thermal engine alarm;

[0023] If the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold, a third-level thermal engine fault is triggered.

[0024] Optionally, the step of increasing the output power of the fuel cell system to a first power level includes:

[0025] The output power of the fuel cell system is increased to a first power according to a preset loading rate.

[0026] Optionally, the first rotation rate is 20° / s, the second rotation rate is 10° / s, and the third rotation rate is 5° / s.

[0027] Optionally, the first threshold is 200 mV, the second threshold is 400 mV, and the third threshold is 1000 mV.

[0028] According to a second aspect of the present application, a fuel cell system is provided, comprising: a fuel cell stack, a large circulation cooling loop, a small circulation cooling loop, a control module, a temperature monitoring module, and a voltage monitoring module;

[0029] The control module is configured to start the fuel cell system, introduce hydrogen and air into the fuel cell stack, start the small-circulation cooling loop, increase the output power of the fuel cell system to a first power, and operate the fuel cell system at the first power;

[0030] The temperature monitoring module is configured to monitor the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack in real time when the fuel cell system is operated at the first power;

[0031] The control module is further configured to rotate the three-way valve at a first rotation rate to gradually open the large-circulation cooling circuit and gradually close the small-circulation cooling circuit if the inlet temperature reaches a first temperature;

[0032] The voltage monitoring module is used to monitor the cell voltage value of the fuel cell stack in real time;

[0033] The control module is further configured to calculate a voltage variance based on the cell voltage value; if the voltage variance is less than or equal to a first threshold, return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate until the large circulation cooling circuit is fully opened and the small circulation cooling circuit is fully closed; after the large circulation cooling circuit is fully opened and the small circulation cooling circuit is fully closed, the output power of the fuel cell system is increased to the rated power; and

[0034] If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold, rotating the three-way valve at a second rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and returning to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein the second rotation rate is less than the first rotation rate; and

[0035] If the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to a third threshold, reducing the output power of the fuel cell system from the first power to a second power, and operating the fuel cell system at the second power;

[0036] The temperature monitoring module is configured to monitor the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack in real time when the fuel cell system is operated at the second power;

[0037] The control module is further configured to, if the inlet temperature reaches a second temperature, rotate the three-way valve at a third rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein the third rotation rate is less than the second rotation rate, and the second temperature is less than the first temperature; and

[0038] If the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold, it is determined that the fuel cell system has failed, and startup is stopped.

[0039] Optionally, the control module is specifically configured to increase the amount of hydrogen and air introduced while rotating the three-way valve at a third rotation rate.

[0040] Optionally, the control module is also used to trigger a first-level thermal engine alarm if the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold; trigger a second-level thermal engine alarm if the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to a third threshold; and trigger a third-level thermal engine failure if the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold.

[0041] Optionally, the control module is specifically configured to load the output power of the fuel cell system to a first power according to a preset loading rate.

[0042] Optionally, the first rotation rate is 20° / s, the second rotation rate is 10° / s, and the third rotation rate is 5° / s.

[0043] Optionally, the first threshold is 200 mV, the second threshold is 400 mV, and the third threshold is 1000 mV.

[0044] According to a third aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0045] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method described in the first aspect.

[0046] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0047] During the fuel cell system startup process, the fuel cell system's thermal engine status is determined by monitoring cell voltages, thereby automatically switching thermal engine control methods to ensure successful thermal startup. Specifically, if the voltage variance is less than or equal to a first threshold, indicating a favorable state, the three-way valve is continuously rotated at a first rotation rate until all large cooling circuits are fully opened and all small cooling circuits are fully closed. After all large cooling circuits are fully opened and all small cooling circuits are fully closed, the fuel cell system's output power is increased to the rated power. If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold but less than or equal to a second threshold, indicating a poor state, the three-way valve is rotated at a second rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the process returns to rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein the second rotation rate is less than the first rotation rate. If the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold but less than or equal to a third threshold, indicating a very poor state, the fuel cell system's output power is reduced from the first power to a second power, and the fuel cell system is operated at the second power while monitoring the stack inlet temperature in real time. If the inlet temperature reaches the second temperature, the three-way valve is rotated at a third rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the process returns to rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate. If the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold, it is determined that the fuel cell system has failed and the startup is stopped. The embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce the fluctuation of the temperature inside the stack during the thermal engine process, stabilize the output power of the system, and enable the fuel cell system to quickly complete the thermal engine and enter a normal working state. When gradually switching from a small circulation cooling loop to a large circulation cooling loop, it can effectively solve the problem of supersaturation of water vapor inside the stack due to the thermal engine process, avoid serious flooding during the thermal engine process of the stack, and avoid unstable changes in the voltage of the stack during the thermal engine process, thereby increasing the service life of the stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0050] FIG1 is a flow chart of a heat engine control method during the startup of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present application, the scheme of the present application will be further described below. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0053] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0054] With the promotion of hydrogen energy, hydrogen fuel cells have attracted widespread attention. The application of hydrogen fuel cells in the automotive field, especially in the field of heavy-duty commercial vehicles, will be conducive to promoting energy conservation and emission reduction of automobiles.

[0055] During startup, a fuel cell system needs to be warmed up to raise the stack to a certain temperature, allowing it to operate normally at rated power. This warming process relies on the stack's self-generated heat during startup to heat the stack and the cooling water. The fuel cell system's cooling circuit generally consists of a small cooling loop and a large cooling loop.

[0056] In the initial startup phase, due to the low output power of the stack and the small amount of heat generated, the process opens a small-circulation cooling loop to quickly heat up the stack and the cooling water in the small circulation. When the stack reaches a certain temperature, the output power also increases. In order to ensure the temperature stability of the stack, more cooling water is needed to remove the heat generated by the stack. At this time, the large-circulation cooling loop needs to be opened. During the warm-up process of the fuel cell system, when the cooling circulation system switches from the small-circulation cooling loop to the large-circulation cooling loop, the temperature inside the stack is prone to fluctuations, causing the temperature of the cooling circulating water inside the stack to drop, resulting in reduced stack performance. In severe cases, the stack will experience single-low, triggering a single-low alarm, and even causing the system to shut down.

[0057] To address the above-mentioned issues, embodiments of the present application provide a method for controlling a thermal engine during the startup of a fuel cell system, a fuel cell system, a storage medium, and a computer program product. These methods can effectively reduce temperature fluctuations within the fuel cell stack during the thermal engine process, stabilize the system's output power, and enable the fuel cell system to quickly complete the thermal engine and enter normal operating conditions. These methods can effectively address the oversaturation of water vapor within the fuel cell stack during the thermal engine process, preventing severe flooding during the thermal engine process. Furthermore, these methods can prevent unstable voltage fluctuations during the thermal engine process, thereby increasing the service life of the fuel cell stack.

[0058] 1 , which is a flow chart of a thermal engine control method during the startup of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application, which may include the following steps:

[0059] Step S102 , starting the fuel cell system, introducing hydrogen and air into the fuel cell stack, opening the small circulation cooling loop, and increasing the output power of the fuel cell system to a first power.

[0060] During the initial startup phase, due to the low output power of the fuel cell stack and the low heat generated, the small-circulation cooling loop is activated to quickly heat up the fuel cell stack and the cooling water in the small-circulation loop. When the fuel cell stack reaches a certain temperature, the output power also increases. The output power of the fuel cell system can be increased to a first power (e.g., 40 kW) at a preset loading rate (e.g., 10 A / s).

[0061] Step S104: operating the fuel cell system at a first power and monitoring the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack in real time.

[0062] During operation of the fuel cell system at the first power, the inlet temperature of the stack gradually increases, and the inlet temperature of the stack can be monitored in real time.

[0063] Step S106, determining whether the inlet temperature reaches the first temperature.

[0064] If the inlet temperature reaches the first temperature (eg, 55° C.), step S108 is executed. If the inlet temperature does not reach the first temperature, the process returns to step S104 , that is, the fuel cell system continues to operate at the first power.

[0065] Step S108: rotating the three-way valve at a first rotation rate to gradually open the large-circulation cooling circuit and gradually close the small-circulation cooling circuit.

[0066] The small circulation cooling circuit has been opened. In the process of rotating the three-way valve, the large circulation cooling circuit is gradually opened, and at the same time, the small circulation cooling circuit is gradually closed. The greater the rate of rotating the three-way valve, the faster the rate of opening the large circulation cooling circuit and the rate of closing the small circulation cooling circuit will be. In an embodiment of the present application, a suitable first rotation rate (for example, the first rotation rate can be 20° / s) can be pre-set to rotate the three-way valve, and the state of the system heat engine can be judged by monitoring the single cell voltage.

[0067] Step S110 , monitoring the cell voltage value of the fuel cell stack in real time, and calculating the voltage variance based on the cell voltage value.

[0068] In the process of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate, the cell voltage value of the fuel cell stack is monitored in real time, and the voltage variance is calculated based on the cell voltage value. The voltage variance indicates the degree of discreteness of the cell voltage. The larger the voltage variance, the worse the state of the heat engine; the smaller the voltage variance, the better the state of the heat engine.

[0069] Step S112: If the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined whether all large-cycle cooling circuits are open and all small-cycle cooling circuits are closed.

[0070] In this embodiment of the present application, if the voltage variance is less than or equal to a first threshold, indicating that the system heat engine is in good condition, a determination is made as to whether the large cooling loop is fully open and the small cooling loop is fully closed. The first threshold may be, for example, 200 mV. If the large cooling loop is not fully open and the small cooling loop is not fully closed, the process returns to step S108 and continues to rotate the three-way valve at the first rotation rate. If the large cooling loop is fully open and the small cooling loop is fully closed, the process proceeds to step S114.

[0071] Step S114 , increasing the output power of the fuel cell system to the rated power.

[0072] When all large-cycle cooling loops are opened and all small-cycle cooling loops are closed, the fuel cell system enters the normal loading stage until the rated power output is achieved.

[0073] Step S116: If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, rotate the three-way valve at a second rotation rate. The second rotation rate is less than the first rotation rate.

[0074] If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, it indicates that the system heat engine is in poor, but not severe, condition. In this case, the rotation rate of the three-way valve can be reduced to adjust the system heat engine condition. The second threshold can be 400 mV, and the second rotation rate can be 10° / s.

[0075] Optionally, if the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, a first-level thermal engine alarm may be triggered.

[0076] Step S118: determine whether the voltage variance is greater than a first threshold.

[0077] While rotating the three-way valve at the second rotation rate, the stack cell voltages are continuously monitored in real time, and voltage variance is calculated based on the cell voltages. If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold, the three-way valve continues to rotate at the second rotation rate. If the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the process returns to step S108, where the three-way valve is rotated at the first rotation rate.

[0078] Step S120 : if the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold, the output power of the fuel cell system is reduced from the first power to the second power.

[0079] If the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold, which may be 1000 mV, this indicates that the system's thermal engine is in poor condition. In this case, the fuel cell system's output power can be reduced to a second power level. For example, if the first power level is 40 kW, the second power level may be 300 kW.

[0080] Optionally, if the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold, a secondary thermal engine alarm is triggered. Thus, by triggering either the primary or secondary thermal engine alarm, fuel cell system maintenance personnel can promptly monitor the current status of the system's thermal engine. This indicates that the thermal engine control method for triggering the primary thermal engine alarm is simpler than the secondary thermal engine alarm, and the fuel cell system can be started more quickly.

[0081] Step S122: operating the fuel cell system at the second power and monitoring the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack in real time.

[0082] Similar to the aforementioned step S104 , the fuel cell system is operated at the second power, and the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack is monitored in real time.

[0083] Step S124, determining whether the inlet temperature reaches the second temperature.

[0084] If the inlet temperature reaches the second temperature, step S126 is executed. If the inlet temperature does not reach the second temperature, the process returns to step S122 and the fuel cell system continues to operate at the second power. The second temperature is lower than the first temperature. For example, the first temperature may be 55°C and the second temperature may be 50°C.

[0085] Step S126: Rotate the three-way valve at a third rotation rate.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present application, the third rotation rate is less than the second rotation rate and may be 5° / s. That is, when the system heat engine is in a poor condition, the system heat engine condition can be adjusted by reducing the output power of the fuel cell system, the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack, and further reducing the rotation rate of the three-way valve.

[0087] Optionally, while rotating the three-way valve at the third rotation rate, the amount of hydrogen and air introduced can be increased to further adjust the state of the system heat engine. For example, the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump can be increased to 5000 RPM and the air stoichiometric ratio can be increased to 2.3.

[0088] Step S128: determine whether the voltage variance is greater than a first threshold.

[0089] While rotating the three-way valve at the third rotation rate, the stack cell voltages are still monitored in real time, and voltage variance is calculated based on the cell voltages. If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold, the process returns to step S126; if the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the process returns to step S108.

[0090] In step S130 , if the voltage variance is greater than a third threshold, it is determined that a fuel cell system failure occurs, and the startup is stopped.

[0091] Optionally, if the voltage variance is greater than a third threshold, a third-level thermal engine fault is triggered, so that maintenance personnel can be informed of the fuel cell system fault in a timely manner.

[0092] The thermal engine control method during the startup of the fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present application determines the state of the fuel cell system thermal engine by monitoring the cell voltage, thereby automatically switching the thermal engine control method. This can effectively reduce the fluctuation of the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack during the thermal engine process, stabilize the output power of the system, and enable the fuel cell system to quickly complete the thermal engine and enter normal working state. When gradually switching from the small circulation cooling loop to the large circulation cooling loop, it can effectively solve the problem of supersaturation of water vapor inside the fuel cell stack during the thermal engine process, avoid serious flooding of the fuel cell stack during the thermal engine process, and avoid unstable changes in the fuel cell stack voltage during the thermal engine process, thereby improving the service life of the fuel cell stack.

[0093] Corresponding to the above method embodiment, the embodiment of the present application also provides a fuel cell system. Referring to Figure 2, the fuel cell system 200 includes: a fuel cell stack 201, a large circulation cooling loop 202, a small circulation cooling loop 203, a control module 204, a temperature monitoring module 205 and a voltage monitoring module 206.

[0094] The control module 204 is configured to start the fuel cell system, introduce hydrogen and air into the fuel cell stack 201, start the small-circulation cooling loop 203, increase the output power of the fuel cell system to a first power, and operate the fuel cell system at the first power;

[0095] a temperature monitoring module 205 , configured to monitor the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack in real time when the fuel cell system is operated at a first power;

[0096] The control module 204 is further configured to rotate the three-way valve at a first rotation rate to gradually open the large-circulation cooling circuit and gradually close the small-circulation cooling circuit if the inlet temperature reaches a first temperature;

[0097] The voltage monitoring module 206 is used to monitor the cell voltage value of the stack in real time;

[0098] The control module 204 is further configured to calculate a voltage variance based on the cell voltage values; if the voltage variance is less than or equal to a first threshold, return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate until all the large cycle cooling circuits are opened and all the small cycle cooling circuits are closed; after all the large cycle cooling circuits are opened and all the small cycle cooling circuits are closed, increase the output power of the fuel cell system to the rated power; and

[0099] If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, rotating the three-way valve at a second rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and returning to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein the second rotation rate is less than the first rotation rate; and

[0100] If the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold, reducing the output power of the fuel cell system from the first power to the second power, and operating the fuel cell system at the second power;

[0101] a temperature monitoring module 205 , configured to monitor the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack in real time when the fuel cell system is operated at the second power;

[0102] The control module 204 is further configured to, if the inlet temperature reaches a second temperature, rotate the three-way valve at a third rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein the third rotation rate is less than the second rotation rate, and the second temperature is less than the first temperature; and

[0103] If the voltage variance is greater than a third threshold, it is determined that a fuel cell system failure has occurred, and startup is stopped.

[0104] Optionally, the control module 204 is specifically configured to increase the amount of hydrogen and air introduced while rotating the three-way valve at a third rotation rate.

[0105] Optionally, the control module 204 is also used to trigger a first-level thermal engine alarm if the voltage variance is greater than a first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold; trigger a second-level thermal engine alarm if the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to a third threshold; and trigger a third-level thermal engine fault if the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold.

[0106] Optionally, the control module 204 is specifically configured to load the output power of the fuel cell system to a first power according to a preset loading rate.

[0107] Optionally, the first rotation rate is 20° / s, the second rotation rate is 10° / s, and the third rotation rate is 5° / s.

[0108] Optionally, the first threshold is 200 mV, the second threshold is 400 mV, and the third threshold is 1000 mV.

[0109] The specific details of each module or unit in the above system have been described in detail in the corresponding method, so they will not be repeated here.

[0110] It should be noted that, although several modules or units of the device for action execution are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiment of the application, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be concretized in one module or unit. On the contrary, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided into multiple modules or units to be concretized.

[0111] In an embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the thermal engine control method during the startup process of the above-mentioned fuel cell system is implemented.

[0112] It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium shown in this application can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or component, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory, a read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this application, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium can be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, optical cable, radio frequency, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0113] In an embodiment of the present application, a computer program product is also provided. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer executes the thermal engine control method during the startup process of the above-mentioned fuel cell system.

[0114] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0115] The foregoing description is intended only to provide specific embodiments of the present application, which will enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but is intended to be construed in the broadest manner consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a heat engine during the startup process of a fuel cell system, characterized in that, Including: Start the fuel cell system, supply hydrogen and air to the stack, turn on the small circulation cooling circuit, and pull down the output power of the fuel cell system to the first power; Operate the fuel cell system at the first power and monitor the inlet temperature of the stack in real time; If the inlet temperature reaches the first temperature, rotate the three-way valve at the first rotation rate to gradually open the large circulation cooling circuit and gradually close the small circulation cooling circuit; Monitor the single cell voltage value of the stack in real time and calculate the voltage variance according to the single cell voltage value; If the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate until the large circulation cooling circuit is fully opened and the small circulation cooling circuit is fully closed; After the large circulation cooling circuit is fully opened and the small circulation cooling circuit is fully closed, pull down the output power of the fuel cell system to the rated power; If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, rotate the three-way valve at the second rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein, the second rotation rate is less than the first rotation rate; If the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold, reduce the output power of the fuel cell system from the first power to the second power; Operate the fuel cell system at the second power and monitor the inlet temperature of the stack in real time; If the inlet temperature reaches the second temperature, rotate the three-way valve at the third rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein, the third rotation rate is less than the second rotation rate and the second temperature is less than the first temperature; If the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold, determine that the fuel cell system has a fault and stop starting.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: While rotating the three-way valve at the third rotation rate, increase the supply amounts of hydrogen and air.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, trigger a first-level heat engine alarm; If the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold, trigger a second-level heat engine alarm; If the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold, trigger a third-level heat engine fault.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The pulling down the output power of the fuel cell system to the first power includes: Pull down the output power of the fuel cell system to the first power according to a preset pulling-down rate.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rotation rate is 20° / s, the second rotation rate is 10° / s, and the third rotation rate is 5° / s.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first threshold is 200 mV, the second threshold is 400 mV, and the third threshold is 1000 mV.

7. A fuel cell system, characterized in that, Including: Stack, large circulation cooling circuit, small circulation cooling circuit, control module, temperature monitoring module, and voltage monitoring module; The control module is used to start the fuel cell system, introduce hydrogen and air into the stack, turn on the small cycle cooling circuit, load the output power of the fuel cell system to a first power, and operate the fuel cell system at the first power; The temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the inlet temperature of the stack in real time when the fuel cell system is operating at the first power; The control module is further used to, if the inlet temperature reaches a first temperature, rotate the three-way valve at a first rotation rate to gradually turn on the large cycle cooling circuit and gradually turn off the small cycle cooling circuit at the same time; The voltage monitoring module is used to monitor the single cell voltage value of the stack in real time; The control module is further used to calculate the voltage variance according to the single cell voltage value; if the voltage variance is less than or equal to a first threshold, return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate until the large cycle cooling circuit is fully opened and the small cycle cooling circuit is fully closed; after the large cycle cooling circuit is fully opened and the small cycle cooling circuit is fully closed, load the output power of the fuel cell system to the rated power; and, if the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold, rotate the three-way valve at a second rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein, the second rotation rate is less than the first rotation rate; and, if the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to a third threshold, reduce the output power of the fuel cell system from the first power to a second power, and operate the fuel cell system at the second power; The temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the inlet temperature of the stack in real time when the fuel cell system is operating at the second power; The control module is further used to, if the inlet temperature reaches a second temperature, rotate the three-way valve at a third rotation rate until the voltage variance is less than or equal to the first threshold, and return to the step of rotating the three-way valve at the first rotation rate; wherein, the third rotation rate is less than the second rotation rate, and the second temperature is less than the first temperature; and, if the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold, determine that the fuel cell system has a fault and stop starting.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein The control module is specifically used to increase the introduction amount of hydrogen and air while rotating the three-way valve at the third rotation rate.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein The control module is further used to trigger a first-level heat engine alarm if the voltage variance is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold; trigger a second-level heat engine alarm if the voltage variance is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold; and trigger a third-level heat engine fault if the voltage variance is greater than the third threshold.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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