Battery module, battery pack and energy storage system

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of energy. Disclosed are a battery module, a battery pack and an energy storage system, for use in solving the problems of high costs and large occupied space when temperature equalization of battery cells in a battery module is realized. The specific solution comprises: providing a battery module, the battery module comprising heat conduction components and a plurality of battery cells, wherein the heat conduction components are attached to the surfaces of at least two battery cells among the plurality of battery cells, and the area of the heat conduction components is smaller than that of the attached surfaces of the at least two battery cell.

Description

Battery module, battery pack and energy storage system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on January 15, 2024, with application number 202410056863.4 and application name “A battery pack, battery module and energy storage system”, and the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on January 31, 2024, with application number 202410152875.7 and application name “A battery module, battery pack and energy storage system”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of energy technology, and in particular to a battery module, a battery pack, and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0003] A battery pack consists of at least one battery module, each of which includes multiple battery cells. The multiple cells in each battery module are stacked and connected in series to meet capacity, voltage, and charge / discharge power requirements. When the battery pack is charged with high currents or a battery pack malfunctions, thermal runaway can occur. Cooling the battery modules in the battery pack using a thermal management system or thermal management equipment can achieve uniform temperature distribution across the cells in the battery module, reducing the risk of thermal runaway.

[0004] However, how to achieve uniform temperature of battery cells in battery modules with less cost and space has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery module, a battery pack, and an energy storage system, which solve the problem of high cost and large space occupation when achieving temperature uniformity of battery cells in a battery module.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a battery module is provided, comprising a heat-conducting component and a plurality of battery cells, wherein the heat-conducting component is bonded to surfaces of at least two of the plurality of battery cells, and an area of ​​the heat-conducting component is smaller than an area of ​​the bonding surface of the at least two battery cells.

[0008] Based on this solution, the heat-conducting component is bonded to the surface of at least two of the multiple battery cells, and the area of ​​the heat-conducting component is smaller than the area of ​​the bonding surface of the at least two battery cells. The heat-conducting component is used to transfer heat from each of the at least two battery cells, so that when the temperature of one of the at least two battery cells is abnormal, heat can be transferred through the heat-conducting component to achieve temperature uniformity of the at least two battery cells, slow down the heating rate of the battery cells, and avoid or delay thermal runaway. Moreover, compared with the battery modules in the prior art, the battery module provided in the embodiment of the present application is not provided with heat dissipation fins and thermal management equipment, which can reduce the cost of the battery module. The area of ​​the heat-conducting component is smaller than the area of ​​the bonding surface of the at least two battery cells, and no heat dissipation fins and thermal management equipment are provided, which can make the battery module smaller in size and occupy less space.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, there are multiple heat-conducting components, the multiple heat-conducting components are spaced apart on the surfaces of at least two battery cells, and the sum of the areas of the multiple heat-conducting components is 50% of the area of ​​the surfaces of the at least two battery cells.

[0010] Based on this solution, the sum of the areas of the multiple heat-conducting components is 50% of the surface area of ​​at least two battery cells. The multiple heat-conducting components have a better heat-conducting effect. When the temperature of one of the at least two battery cells is abnormal, the temperature of the at least two battery cells can be better balanced, the heating rate of the battery cells can be slowed down, and thermal runaway can be avoided or delayed.

[0011] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the heat conducting component includes a first heat conducting component, and a material of the first heat conducting component includes at least one of graphite, copper, or aluminum.

[0012] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the thermal conductivity of the first heat conducting component is greater than or equal to 1000 W / mK.

[0013] Based on this solution, the thermal conductivity of the first heat-conducting component is relatively high, so that the first heat-conducting component can transfer heat faster, better achieve temperature uniformity of the battery cells in the battery module, slow down the heating rate of the battery cells, and avoid or delay thermal runaway.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first heat conducting component is a heat pipe.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the heat-conducting component further includes a second heat-conducting component, which is arranged between the first heat-conducting component and the surface of each of the at least two battery cells, and the second heat-conducting component includes at least one of a thermal pad, thermal grease, or thermal gel.

[0016] Based on this solution, by setting a second heat-conducting component, the heat transfer effect between the first heat-conducting component and each of the at least two battery cells can be further enhanced, so that the temperature of the battery cells in the battery module can be better achieved, the heating rate of the battery cells can be slowed down, thermal runaway can be avoided or delayed, and tolerance can be compensated.

[0017] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, a phase change temperature of the first heat conducting component is greater than or equal to 20°C and less than or equal to 50°C.

[0018] Based on this solution, the phase change temperature of the first heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to 20°C and less than or equal to 50°C. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery cells in the battery module is abnormal, the first heat-conducting component can start working in time, which can better achieve temperature uniformity of the battery cells in the battery module, slow down the temperature rise rate of the battery cells, and avoid or delay thermal runaway.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, a thermally conductive component is bonded to a surface of each of the multiple battery cells, and the battery module further includes a battery management circuit and a temperature detection circuit. The temperature detection circuit is configured to detect the temperature of the thermally conductive component, and the battery management circuit is configured to execute thermal runaway prevention measures based on the temperature of the thermally conductive component.

[0020] In one possible embodiment, when the heat-conducting component includes a first heat-conducting component and the thermal conductivity of the first heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to 1000 W / mK, compared with the aluminum busbar in the prior art, the first heat-conducting component has a higher thermal conductivity and a faster temperature response. Therefore, when the temperature of any battery cell in the battery module is abnormal, the temperature of the heat-conducting component will also change more promptly. The battery management circuit can execute thermal runaway prevention measures more promptly based on the temperature of the heat-conducting component, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery module more promptly.

[0021] In one possible embodiment, when the heat-conducting component further includes a second heat-conducting component disposed between the first heat-conducting component and the surface of each battery cell, the second heat-conducting component can further enhance the heat transfer effect between the first heat-conducting component and each battery cell, allowing the temperature detection circuit to more promptly detect temperature changes in each battery cell. Consequently, the battery management circuit can more promptly implement thermal runaway prevention measures, reducing the risk of thermal runaway in the battery module.

[0022] In this solution, a thermally conductive component is bonded to the surface of each battery cell and is used to conduct heat away from each cell. A temperature detection circuit is used to detect the temperature of the thermally conductive component. Thus, the battery management circuit can determine whether the temperature of each battery cell in the battery module is abnormal based on the temperature of the thermally conductive component. If the temperature is abnormal, thermal runaway prevention measures can be implemented to reduce the risk of thermal runaway in the battery module. Compared to the prior art, where a temperature sensor detects the temperature of an aluminum bar in contact with the temperature sensor to determine the temperature of two battery cells electrically connected to the bar, as well as the temperature of other cells adjacent to the two cells, the temperature detection circuit can more promptly determine whether the temperature of each battery cell is abnormal based on the temperature of the thermally conductive component, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway in the battery module. Furthermore, compared to the prior art, where multiple temperature sensors are used to detect the temperature of multiple cells in the battery module, the temperature detection circuit does not require multiple temperature sensors to detect the temperature of each battery cell in the battery module. Instead, it detects the temperature of the thermally conductive component, resulting in a simpler structure and lowering the cost of the battery module.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the battery management circuit is used to perform thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to a temperature threshold, and / or when the heating rate of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to a rate threshold.

[0024] Optionally, the temperature threshold may be any threshold greater than or equal to 30° C. and less than or equal to 45° C. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the temperature threshold.

[0025] Optionally, the rate threshold may be any threshold greater than or equal to 0.3° C. / s. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the rate threshold.

[0026] Based on this solution, the battery management circuit executes thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, and / or when the heating rate of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to the rate threshold, thereby reducing the thermal runaway risk of the battery module more promptly.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the battery management circuit is used to perform thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to a temperature threshold and the duration is greater than or equal to a first time threshold, and / or when the heating rate of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to a rate threshold and the duration is greater than or equal to a second time threshold.

[0028] Optionally, the first duration threshold may be any threshold greater than or equal to 3 seconds and less than or equal to 10 seconds. The second duration threshold may be any threshold greater than or equal to 3 seconds and less than or equal to 10 seconds. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific values ​​of the first duration threshold and the second duration threshold.

[0029] Based on this solution, the battery management circuit executes thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold and the duration is greater than or equal to the first duration threshold, and / or when the heating rate of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to the rate threshold and the duration is greater than or equal to the second duration threshold. This can avoid the battery management circuit's misjudgment when the temperature of the heat-conducting component fluctuates accidentally. The battery management circuit can more accurately determine whether the battery cell attached to the heat-conducting component has an abnormal temperature and more accurately reduce the risk of thermal runaway in the battery module. Moreover, when the temperature of the heat-conducting component fluctuates accidentally, the battery management circuit determines not to execute thermal runaway prevention measures, which can avoid the power consumption caused by thermal runaway prevention measures and reduce the power consumption of the battery module.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the battery module includes a liquid cooling module or an air cooling module, and the thermal runaway prevention measures include at least one of the following measures: turning on the liquid cooling module or increasing the power of the liquid cooling module, turning on the air cooling module or increasing the power of the air cooling module, and disconnecting the charging and discharging of the battery module.

[0031] In a possible embodiment, the liquid cooling module may be a liquid cooling plate, and the air cooling module may be a fan.

[0032] In a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a battery pack is provided, which includes a plurality of battery modules, wherein the plurality of battery modules are the battery modules as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, and a heat-conducting component is provided between any two adjacent battery modules among the plurality of battery modules.

[0033] In a third aspect of an embodiment of the present application, an energy storage system is provided, which includes a battery pack and a power converter electrically connected to the battery pack. The battery pack is a battery pack as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. The power converter is used to convert the AC power output by an external AC power supply into DC power and output it to the battery pack.

[0034] Optionally, the energy storage system may be a household energy storage system, a data center energy storage system, an energy storage station, or a vehicle. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific type of the energy storage system.

[0035] The description of the second and third aspects in this application can refer to the detailed description of the first aspect; and the beneficial effects of the second and third aspects can refer to the analysis of the beneficial effects of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module;

[0037] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack;

[0047] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another battery pack;

[0048] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of another energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The making and using of various embodiments are discussed in detail below. The specific embodiments discussed are merely illustrative of specific ways to implement and use the present description and technology, and do not limit the scope of this application.

[0053] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0054] Various circuits or other components may be described or referred to as being "configured to" perform one or more tasks. In this case, "configured to" is used to imply structure by indicating that the circuit / component includes structure (e.g., circuitry) that performs the one or more tasks during operation. Thus, even when a specified circuit / component is not currently operational (e.g., not turned on), the circuit / component may be referred to as being configured to perform the task. Circuits / components used with the phrase "configured to" include hardware, such as circuitry that performs an operation, etc.

[0055] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "plurality" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c or a, b and c, where a, b and c can be single or multiple. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and order.

[0056] In this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this application as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0057] Before introducing the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms and background technologies involved in the present application are first introduced.

[0058] Hybrid: refers to a circuit that includes both series and parallel connections.

[0059] System-on-chip (SoC): An integrated circuit that integrates multiple functions on a single chip, including multiple processors, memories, interfaces, and other functional modules.

[0060] Microcontroller unit (MCU): A single-chip system that integrates a microcontroller, memory, input / output interface and other functions. It can also be called a microprocessor.

[0061] Thermal conductivity: It is a physical quantity that indicates the heat conduction capacity of a material. It can also be called thermal conductivity coefficient. Its unit is Watt per meter Kelvin (W / m*K, also can be written as W / mK).

[0062] Heat pipe: A heat transfer element that makes full use of the heat conduction principle and the rapid heat transfer properties of phase change media. The heat pipe can quickly transfer the heat of the heating object to the outside of the heat source. The thermal conductivity of the heat pipe exceeds that of known metals.

[0063] The phase transition temperature of a heat pipe refers to the minimum temperature at which the heat pipe begins to operate. When the temperature inside the heat pipe reaches the phase transition temperature, the working fluid in the heat pipe begins to transform from liquid to gas, absorbing heat and undergoing a phase change. The working fluid is the substance that converts heat into work, and is referred to as the working fluid.

[0064] A battery pack consists of at least one battery module, each of which includes multiple battery cells. The multiple battery cells in each battery module are stacked and connected in series to meet capacity, voltage, and charge / discharge power requirements. When the battery pack is charged with high currents or a battery pack malfunctions, heat accumulation within the battery modules accelerates, increasing the amount of heat accumulated. This can lead to thermal runaway or even fire, resulting in property damage. Therefore, mitigating the risk of thermal runaway in battery packs has become a pressing issue.

[0065] To reduce the risk of thermal runaway in battery packs, measures include: installing insulation materials or structures between battery modules in the battery pack to effectively prevent heat transfer between modules, thereby reducing thermal diffusion and thermal coupling between modules. Optimizing the heat dissipation pathways within the battery modules to ensure timely and effective heat dissipation. Optimizing the design of the battery modules within the battery pack to improve the temperature uniformity of the cells within the module, slowing the temperature rise of the cells and providing buffer time for controlling the battery pack temperature, thereby avoiding or delaying thermal runaway. Monitoring the temperature of the cells within the battery module to promptly detect abnormal cell temperatures and control the battery pack temperature to prevent thermal runaway. Artificial intelligence (AI) models are used to predict battery module temperature changes based on information such as the cell temperatures within the module. When abnormal battery pack temperatures are predicted, the battery pack temperature is controlled in advance, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway. When abnormal cell temperatures are detected, the battery pack is cooled through liquid cooling or other methods to reduce the risk of thermal runaway.

[0066] In one possible embodiment, a thermal management system or thermal management equipment can be added to the battery module to cool the battery module, thereby achieving uniform temperature of the battery cells in the battery module, slowing down the heating rate of the battery cells, and reserving buffer time for controlling the temperature of the battery pack, thereby avoiding or delaying thermal runaway.

[0067] As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module 100. The battery module 100 includes a housing 101, a heat pipe 102, a heat dissipation fin 103, a thermal management device 104 and a plurality of battery cells 105, each battery cell 105 including two battery cell poles 1051. Among them, the plurality of battery cells 105 are connected in series, and the heat pipe 102 is arranged on both sides of the plurality of battery cells 105. The cold end portion of the heat pipe 102 extending beyond the housing 101 is in contact with the heat dissipation fin 103. The heat pipe 102 is used to transfer the heat of each battery cell 105 to the heat dissipation fin 103, and the thermal management device 104 is used to cool the heat dissipation fin 103. The thermal management device 104 can be a fan. Therefore, when the battery module 100 is applied to a battery pack, each battery cell 105 can be cooled through the heat pipe 102, the heat dissipation fins 103 and the thermal management device 104, thereby improving the temperature uniformity of the battery cells 105 in the battery module 100, slowing down the heating rate of the battery cells 105, and reserving buffer time for controlling the temperature of the battery pack, thereby avoiding or delaying thermal runaway.

[0068] However, in the battery module 100, the heat dissipation fins 103 and the thermal management device 104 are used to cool the heat pipe 102, thereby cooling each battery cell 105, which will result in a higher cost of the battery module 100. At the same time, the heat dissipation fins 103 and the thermal management device 104 are arranged outside the box 101, which will cause the battery module 100 to occupy more space.

[0069] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, which does not require the provision of heat dissipation fins 103 and thermal management devices 104, thereby reducing the cost of the battery module and reducing the space occupied by the battery module.

[0070] As shown in Figure 2, the battery module 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used as an independent device, and the load 300 can be electrically connected to the battery module 200, so that the battery module 200 can supply power to the load 300. For example, the load 300 can be an electronic device, which can include but is not limited to: a server, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, an industrial computer, and a smart TV, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Among them, a server refers to a special-purpose computer with higher computing power than an ordinary computer. The server can be a file server, a database server, an application server, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 2 , the battery module 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application may also be applied to a battery pack 400 . The battery pack 400 may include at least one battery module 200 . The battery pack 400 may be used to supply power to a load 300 .

[0072] As shown in FIG2 , when the battery module 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to a battery pack 400, the battery pack 400 can be applied to an energy storage system 500. The energy storage system 500 may include a processor 510. The battery pack 400 may include a battery management system (BMS) 410. The BMS 410 is electrically connected to the battery module 200, and the BMS 410 is also electrically connected to the processor 510. The processor 510 can communicate with the BMS 410 to implement functions such as data acquisition, fault diagnosis, energy management, and communication control of the battery pack 400, thereby ensuring safe, efficient, and reliable operation of the battery pack 400.

[0073] In one possible embodiment, the processor 510 may also run an AI model that is used to predict temperature changes of the battery modules 200 in the battery pack 400, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery pack 400. The AI ​​model may also be stored on a cloud server, so that the AI ​​model is not limited by computing resources and storage space and can have more powerful functions. When the energy storage system 500 is connected to the network, the energy storage system 500 can also communicate with the cloud server and use the AI ​​model stored on the cloud server to more accurately predict the temperature changes of the battery module 200, thereby further reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery pack 400.

[0074] Optionally, the energy storage system 500 may be a household energy storage system, a data center energy storage system, an energy storage station, or a vehicle. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the energy storage system 500.

[0075] Exemplarily, when the energy storage system 500 is an energy storage station, the type of the energy storage system 500 may include at least one of a photovoltaic energy storage system, a wind power generation energy storage system, or a power station energy storage system. When the energy storage system 500 is a vehicle, the type of the vehicle may include at least one of a road vehicle, a water vehicle, an air vehicle, an industrial equipment, an agricultural equipment, or an entertainment device. The vehicle is a vehicle in a broad sense. For example, the vehicle may be a vehicle (such as a commercial vehicle, a passenger car, a motorcycle, a flying car, a train, an airplane, a ship, etc.), an industrial vehicle (such as a forklift, a trailer, a tractor, etc.), an engineering vehicle (such as an excavator, a bulldozer, a crane, etc.), agricultural equipment (such as a mower, a harvester, etc.), amusement equipment, a toy vehicle, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific type of the vehicle.

[0076] In a possible embodiment, the processor 510 may be a system-on-chip, or may be a single-chip microcomputer, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0077] 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The battery module 200 includes a heat conducting component 210 and a plurality of battery cells 220. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific number of the plurality of battery cells 220.

[0078] Among them, the heat-conducting component 210 is bonded to the surface of at least two battery cells 220 among the multiple battery cells 220, and the area of ​​the heat-conducting component 210 is smaller than the area of ​​the bonding surface of the at least two battery cells 220. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific number of the at least two battery cells 220, including the battery cells 220, and does not limit the specific area of ​​the heat-conducting component 210.

[0079] It can be understood that, as shown in Figure 3, when the number of battery cells 220 included in at least two battery cells 220 is the same as the number of battery cells 220 included in multiple battery cells 220, the heat-conductive component 210 is bonded to the surface of each battery cell 220 in the battery module 200. In the following embodiments of the present application, the example in which the number of battery cells 220 included in at least two battery cells 220 is the same as the number of battery cells 220 included in multiple battery cells 220, the heat-conductive component 210 is bonded to the surface of each battery cell 220 in the battery module 200, and the area of ​​the heat-conductive component 210 is smaller than the area of ​​the bonding surface of the multiple battery cells 220 is used for illustrative explanation.

[0080] The heat-conducting component 210 is used to transfer heat from each of the multiple battery cells 220. When the temperature of a battery cell 220 among the multiple battery cells 220 is abnormal, the heat can be transferred through the heat-conducting component 210 to achieve uniform temperature of the multiple battery cells 220, slow down the temperature rise rate of the battery cell 220 with abnormal temperature, and avoid or delay thermal runaway. In addition, compared with the above-mentioned battery module 100, the battery module 200 is not provided with heat dissipation fins 103 and thermal management devices 104, which can reduce the cost of the battery module 200. Compared with the above-mentioned battery module 100, in which the area of ​​the heat pipe 102 exceeds the area of ​​the battery module 100, the area of ​​the heat-conducting component 210 is smaller than the area of ​​the bonding surface of the multiple battery cells 220. At the same time, without heat dissipation fins 103 and thermal management devices 104, the battery module 200 is smaller in size and occupies less space.

[0081] Optionally, when multiple battery cells 220 are arranged in a preset order, they can be arranged in a layer or in multiple layers, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. The multiple battery cells 220 in each layer can be arranged in a straight line, or in an array, or in an arc, ring, or the like. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific arrangement of the multiple battery cells 220. In the embodiment of the present application, the multiple battery cells 220 in the battery module 200 are arranged in a layer, and the multiple battery cells 220 are arranged in a straight line as an example for illustrative description.

[0082] In a possible embodiment, referring to FIG4 , the area of ​​the heat-conducting component 210 is smaller than the area of ​​the bonding surface of the plurality of battery cells 220 , including: when the plurality of battery cells 220 are arranged in a straight line, the first end of the heat-conducting component 210 does not extend beyond the side of the first battery cell 2201 away from the second battery cell 2202 , and the second end of the heat-conducting component 210 does not extend beyond the side of the second battery cell 2202 away from the first battery cell 2201 , and the first battery cell 2201 and the second battery cell 2202 are respectively the first and last battery cells when the plurality of battery cells 220 are arranged in a straight line.

[0083] The first end of the above-mentioned heat-conducting component 210 does not exceed the side of the first battery cell 2201 away from the second battery cell 2202, and the second end of the heat-conducting component 210 does not exceed the side of the second battery cell 2202 away from the first battery cell 2201, including: the first end of the heat-conducting component 210 is flush with the side of the first battery cell 2201 away from the second battery cell 2202, and the second end of the heat-conducting component 210 is flush with the side of the second battery cell 2202 away from the first battery cell 2201.

[0084] Optionally, the multiple battery cells 220 in the battery module 200 can be rectangular, cylindrical or cube-shaped, or can be blade batteries. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The embodiment of the present application takes the multiple battery cells 220 in the battery module 200 as rectangular as an example for illustrative explanation.

[0085] Optionally, when the heat-conducting component 210 is in contact with the surface of each battery cell 220, the extension direction of the heat-conducting component 210 may be parallel to the arrangement direction of the multiple battery cells 220, or there may be an angle of any angle. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this. With reference to FIG4 , the embodiment of the present application takes the example of the extension direction of the heat-conducting component 210 being parallel to the arrangement direction of the multiple battery cells 220 as an example for illustrative explanation.

[0086] In a possible embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , each battery cell 220 includes two battery cell poles 221 . In the embodiment of the present application, a surface of each battery cell 220 on which the battery cell pole 221 is provided is taken as the top surface of the battery cell 220 , a surface opposite to the top surface is the bottom surface of the battery cell 220 , and the remaining surfaces are side surfaces of the battery cell 220 . The heat conductive component 210 is bonded to the surface of each battery cell 220 in the plurality of battery cells 220 , and includes at least one of the following:

[0087] As shown in Figure 4 , the thermally conductive component 210 can be attached to the top surface of each battery cell 220. Alternatively, the thermally conductive component 210 can be attached to the side surface of each battery cell 220. When multiple battery cells 220 are arranged in a straight line along their long sides, the structure of the battery module 200 is shown in Figure 5 . When multiple battery cells 220 are arranged in a straight line along their short sides, the structure of the battery module 200 is shown in Figure 6 . Alternatively, as shown in Figure 7 , the thermally conductive component 210 can be attached to the bottom surface of each battery cell 220.

[0088] Optionally, referring to Figure 3 or Figure 4, the battery module 200 may include one heat-conducting component 210, or, referring to Figure 5, Figure 6 or Figure 7, the battery module 200 may include multiple heat-conducting components 210. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific number of heat-conducting components 210 included in the battery module 200.

[0089] In a possible embodiment, when the heat-conducting component 210 is bonded to the surfaces of the multiple battery cells 220, the area of ​​the heat-conducting component 210 can be any proportion of the bonding surface area of ​​the multiple battery cells 220. When the bonding area between the heat-conducting component 210 and the multiple battery cells 220 is larger, the heat-conducting effect of the heat-conducting component 210 is better. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of this ratio.

[0090] In a possible embodiment, the battery module 200 includes multiple heat-conducting components. When the multiple heat-conducting components 210 are attached to the surfaces of the multiple battery cells 220 , the sum of the areas of the multiple heat-conducting components 210 may be 50% of the area of ​​the surfaces of the multiple battery cells 220 .

[0091] In a possible embodiment, the heat-conducting component 210 may be attached to each battery cell 220 by at least one of mechanical fixing, adhesive fixing, welding fixing, and hot pressing fixing, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0092] For example, when the thermal conductive component 210 is mechanically fixed to each battery cell 220 , the thermal conductive component 210 and each battery cell 220 can be connected together by mechanical components such as screws and nuts, thereby achieving the thermal conductive component 210 and each battery cell 220 being fitted together.

[0093] In a possible embodiment, the multiple battery cells 220 in the battery module 200 can be connected in series, or in parallel, or in a mixed connection. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific connection method between the multiple battery cells 220.

[0094] In the battery module 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the heat-conducting component 210 is in contact with the surface of at least two battery cells 220 among the multiple battery cells 220, and the area of ​​the heat-conducting component 210 is smaller than the area of ​​the at least two battery cells 220. The heat-conducting component 210 is used to transfer heat from each of the at least two battery cells 220. Therefore, when the temperature of one of the at least two battery cells 220 is abnormal, heat can be transferred through the heat-conducting component 210 to achieve uniform temperature of the at least two battery cells 220, slowing down the temperature rise rate of the battery cell 220 with abnormal temperature, and avoiding or delaying thermal runaway. In addition, compared with the above-mentioned battery module 100, the battery module 200 does not have heat dissipation fins 103 and thermal management equipment 104, which can reduce the cost of the battery module 200. Compared with the above-mentioned battery module 100, in which the area of ​​the heat pipe 102 exceeds the area of ​​the battery module 100, the area of ​​the heat-conducting component 210 is smaller than the area of ​​the bonding surface of at least two battery cells 220. At the same time, no heat dissipation fins 103 and thermal management device 104 are provided. Therefore, the battery module 200 is smaller in size and occupies less space.

[0095] In a possible embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , the heat-conducting component 210 includes a first heat-conducting component 211 , and the material of the first heat-conducting component 211 includes at least one of graphite, copper, or aluminum. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific material of the first heat-conducting component 211 .

[0096] In one possible embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the first heat-conducting component 211 is greater than or equal to 1000 W / mK. The present embodiment does not limit the specific thermal conductivity of the first heat-conducting component 211. The high thermal conductivity of the first heat-conducting component 211 allows the first heat-conducting component 211 to transfer heat more quickly, thereby better achieving a uniform temperature for the battery cells 220 in the battery module 200, slowing the temperature rise rate of the battery cells 220, and avoiding or delaying thermal runaway.

[0097] In a possible embodiment, the first heat-conducting component 211 is a heat pipe, or may be a high-thermal-conductivity structure having similar properties to a heat pipe, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0098] In one possible embodiment, when the first heat-conducting component 211 is a heat pipe, the phase transition temperature of the first heat-conducting component 211 is greater than or equal to 20°C and less than or equal to 50°C. The present embodiment does not limit the specific phase transition temperature of the first heat-conducting component 211. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery cells 220 in the battery module 200 is abnormal, the first heat-conducting component 211 can start working promptly, better achieving temperature uniformity among the battery cells 220 in the battery module 200, slowing the temperature rise rate of the battery cells 220, and avoiding or delaying thermal runaway.

[0099] In a possible embodiment, when the first heat-conducting component 211 is a heat pipe and the total volume of the multiple battery cells 220 in the battery module 200 is large, a longer heat pipe is required to fit with each of the multiple battery cells 220, and a longer heat pipe is more expensive. In this case, the heat-conducting component 210 may include multiple heat pipes, which are spliced ​​and fit with each of the multiple battery cells 220 without the need for a longer heat pipe, thereby reducing the cost of the battery module 200.

[0100] In the battery module 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the heat-conducting component 210 includes a first heat-conducting component 211. The first heat-conducting component 211 has a high thermal conductivity, so that the first heat-conducting component 211 can transfer heat faster, better achieve temperature uniformity of the battery cells 220 in the battery module 200, slow down the heating rate of the battery cells 220, and avoid or delay thermal runaway.

[0101] In a possible embodiment, as shown in FIG8 , the heat-conducting component 210 further includes a second heat-conducting component 212 , which is disposed between the first heat-conducting component 211 and the surface of each of the plurality of battery cells 220 , and the second heat-conducting component 212 includes at least one of a thermal pad, thermal grease, or thermal gel. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the second heat-conducting component 212 . The thermal pad may also be referred to as a thermal silicone sheet, a thermal silicone pad, or a thermal silicone pad. By providing the second heat-conducting component 212 , the heat transfer effect between the first heat-conducting component 211 and each battery cell 220 can be further enhanced, and tolerances can be compensated.

[0102] For example, referring to FIG8 , when the heat conducting member 210 is in contact with the top surface of each battery cell 220 , the front view of the battery module 200 is shown in FIG9 ( a ), and the side view of the battery module 200 is shown in FIG9 ( b ).

[0103] For another example, referring to Figure 6, when the heat-conducting component 210 can be fitted with the side of each battery cell 220 and multiple battery cells 220 are arranged in a straight line in the short side direction, the main view of the battery module 200 is shown in (a) in Figure 10, and the side view of the battery module 200 is shown in (b) in Figure 10.

[0104] In a possible embodiment, the number of second heat-conducting components 212 included in the heat-conducting component 210 is related to the number of battery cells 220 included in the battery module 200. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific number of second heat-conducting components 212 included in the heat-conducting component 210.

[0105] In the battery module 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the heat-conducting component 210 also includes a second heat-conducting component 212 arranged between the first heat-conducting component 211 and the surface of each battery cell 220 in the multiple battery cells 220. The second heat-conducting component 212 can further enhance the heat transfer effect between the first heat-conducting component 211 and each battery cell 220, thereby better achieving temperature uniformity of the battery cells 220 in the battery module 200, slowing down the heating rate of the battery cells 220, and avoiding or delaying thermal runaway.

[0106] In one possible embodiment, the temperature of the battery cells in the battery module can be detected to promptly detect whether the battery cell temperature is abnormal. When abnormal battery cell temperature is detected, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery pack is reduced by lowering the temperature of the battery pack.

[0107] Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack 1100. The battery pack 1100 includes a battery module 1110, a temperature sensor 1120, a battery management system (BMS) 1130, a temperature controller 1140, and a liquid cooling plate 1150. The battery module 1110 includes multiple battery cells 1111 and multiple aluminum bars 1112. Each battery cell 1111 includes a battery post 11111. The battery posts 11111 of every two battery cells 1111 are electrically connected via an aluminum bar 1112. The temperature sensor 1120 is in contact with one aluminum bar 1112 and is also electrically connected to one end of the battery management system 1130. The other end of the BMS 1130 is electrically connected to one end of the temperature controller 1140. The other end of the temperature controller 1140 is electrically connected to the controlled end of the liquid cooling plate 1150. The liquid cooling plate 1150 is in contact with the battery module 1110.

[0108] Temperature sensor 1120 is used to detect the temperature of aluminum bar 1112 in contact with the temperature sensor 1120 and transmit data corresponding to the temperature to BMS 1130. This temperature can be used to indicate the temperature of two battery cells 1111 electrically connected to the aluminum bar 1112, as well as the temperature of other battery cells 1111 adjacent to the two battery cells 1111. BMS 1130 is used to transmit the data corresponding to the temperature to temperature controller 1140. Temperature controller 1140 is used to determine whether to activate liquid cooling plate 1150 based on the data corresponding to the temperature to reduce the temperature of battery module 1110.

[0109] It is understood that by detecting the temperature of the aluminum bar 1112 in contact with the temperature sensor 1120 through the temperature sensor 1120, it is possible to determine whether the temperatures of the two battery cells 1111 electrically connected to the aluminum bar 1112, as well as the temperatures of other battery cells 1111 adjacent to the two battery cells 1111, are abnormal. When an abnormal temperature is detected in the aluminum bar 1112 in contact with the temperature sensor 1120, the liquid cooling plate 1150 is activated to lower the temperature of the battery module 1110, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery pack 1100.

[0110] However, due to the low thermal conductivity of the aluminum busbar 1112 and the slow temperature response, when the battery cell 1111 is a battery cell 1111 that is electrically connected to the aluminum busbar that is not in contact with the temperature sensor 1120 and is far away from the aluminum busbar 1112, the temperature sensor 1120 will not be able to detect the temperature abnormality of the battery cell 1111 in time, which will result in a higher risk of thermal runaway of the battery pack 1100.

[0111] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another battery pack 1100. The battery pack 1100 includes multiple temperature sensors 1120, each of which is in contact with the cell pole 11111 of a battery cell 1111. Thus, the temperature of each battery cell 1111 in the battery module 1110 can be detected in a timely manner through the multiple temperature sensors 1120. When the temperature of any battery cell 1111 is abnormal, the temperature controller 1140 can promptly activate the liquid cooling plate 1150 to reduce the temperature of the battery module 1110, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery pack 1100.

[0112] However, the battery pack 1100 uses multiple temperature sensors 1120 , and each sensor 1120 detects the temperature of one battery cell 1111 , which results in a complex structure and high cost for the battery pack 1100 .

[0113] In summary, when the battery pack 1100 detects the temperature of the battery cell 1111 in the battery module 1110, there is a problem of delayed detection or high detection cost. In order to solve this problem, in a possible embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , in the battery module 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the heat conductive component 210 is bonded to the surface of each battery cell 220 in the battery module 200, and the battery module 200 also includes a battery management circuit (also referred to as a battery management system) BMS230 and a temperature detection circuit 240, and the BMS230 is connected to the temperature detection circuit 240.

[0114] The heat conducting component 210 is used to conduct heat from each of the plurality of battery cells 220. The temperature detection circuit 240 is used to detect the temperature of the heat conducting component 210. The BMS 230 is used to execute thermal runaway prevention measures based on the temperature of the heat conducting component 210.

[0115] In one possible embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , the battery module 200 further includes a liquid cooling module 250 or an air cooling module 260 electrically connected to the BMS 230, and the liquid cooling module 250 is bonded to each battery cell 220 in the battery module 200. The above-mentioned implementation of the thermal runaway prevention measures includes at least one of the following measures: turning on the liquid cooling module 250 or increasing the power of the liquid cooling module 250, turning on the air cooling module 260 or increasing the power of the air cooling module 260, and disconnecting the charging and discharging of the battery module 200. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this. In the following embodiments of the present application, the battery module 200 further includes a liquid cooling module 250 electrically connected to the BMS 230 as an example for exemplary description.

[0116] In a possible embodiment, the liquid cooling module 250 may be a liquid cooling plate, and the air cooling module 260 may be a fan.

[0117] As will be understood, the thermally conductive component 210 is bonded to the surface of each battery cell 220 in the battery module 200. The thermally conductive component 210 is used to conduct heat from each battery cell 220, and the temperature of the thermally conductive component 210 can be used to indicate the temperature of each battery cell 220. The temperature detection circuit 240 detects the temperature of the thermally conductive component 210 in the battery module 200, which is equivalent to detecting the temperature of each battery cell 220 in the battery module 200. Therefore, the BMS 230 can determine whether the temperature of each battery cell 220 in the battery module 200 is abnormal based on the temperature of the thermally conductive component 210. If the temperature is abnormal, thermal runaway prevention measures can be implemented to reduce the risk of thermal runaway in the battery module 200. Specifically, when the temperature of any battery cell 220 among the multiple battery cells 220 of the battery module 200 is abnormal, the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210 in the battery module 200 will also be abnormal. The BMS230 can perform thermal runaway prevention measures based on the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210, thereby reducing the thermal runaway risk of the battery module 200.

[0118] In one possible embodiment, when the thermal conductive component 210 is attached to the top surface of each battery cell 220, the structure of the battery module 200 is shown in Figure 4. When the thermal conductive component is attached to the side surface of each battery cell 220, the structure of the battery module 200 is shown in Figure 13.

[0119] In a possible embodiment, the BMS 230 executes thermal runaway prevention measures according to the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210 , including: the BMS 230 executes thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210 is greater than or equal to a temperature threshold, and / or when the heating rate of the heat-conducting component 210 is greater than or equal to a rate threshold.

[0120] Optionally, the temperature threshold may be any threshold greater than or equal to 30 degrees Celsius (° C.) and less than or equal to 45° C. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the temperature threshold.

[0121] For example, taking the temperature threshold as 35° C., the BMS 230 may determine to execute thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the heat conducting component 210 is greater than or equal to 35° C.

[0122] Optionally, the rate threshold may be any threshold greater than or equal to 0.3 degrees Celsius per second (°C / s). The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the rate threshold.

[0123] For example, taking the rate threshold as 0.4° C. / s, the BMS 230 may determine to execute thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature rise rate of the heat conducting component 210 is greater than or equal to 0.4° C. / s.

[0124] In one possible embodiment, the BMS 230 executes thermal runaway prevention measures based on the temperature of the thermal conductive component 210. These measures include: The BMS 230 determines to execute thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the thermal conductive component 210 is greater than or equal to a temperature threshold and lasts longer than or equal to a first duration threshold, and / or when the temperature rise rate of the thermal conductive component 210 is greater than or equal to a rate threshold and lasts longer than or equal to a second duration threshold. This prevents BMS 230 from misjudging the battery when the temperature of the thermal conductive component 210 fluctuates occasionally. The BMS 230 can more accurately determine whether the battery cell 220 attached to the thermal conductive component 210 has an abnormal temperature, thereby more accurately reducing the risk of thermal runaway in the battery module 200. Furthermore, if the temperature of the thermal conductive component 210 fluctuates occasionally, the BMS 230 can determine not to execute thermal runaway prevention measures, thereby avoiding the power consumption associated with thermal runaway prevention measures and reducing the power consumption of the battery module 200.

[0125] Optionally, the first duration threshold may be any threshold greater than or equal to 3 seconds (s) and less than or equal to 10 seconds. The second duration threshold may be any threshold greater than or equal to 3 seconds and less than or equal to 10 seconds. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific values ​​of the first duration threshold and the second duration threshold.

[0126] Optionally, the first duration threshold and the second duration threshold may be the same threshold, or may be different thresholds. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The embodiment of the present application takes the first duration threshold and the second duration threshold as the same preset value as an example for illustrative explanation.

[0127] For example, taking the temperature threshold as 40°C, the rate threshold as 0.5°C / s, and the first duration threshold and the second duration threshold as 5s as an example. BMS 230 can determine to execute thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210 is greater than or equal to 40°C and the duration is greater than or equal to 5s. Alternatively, BMS230 can determine to execute thermal runaway prevention measures when the heating rate of the heat-conducting component 210 is greater than or equal to 0.5°C / s and the duration is greater than or equal to 5s. Alternatively, BMS230 can determine to execute thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210 is greater than or equal to 40°C and the duration is greater than or equal to 5s, and the heating rate of the heat-conducting component 210 is greater than or equal to 0.5°C / s and the duration is greater than or equal to 5s.

[0128] In a possible embodiment, the temperature detection circuit 240 may include a temperature sensor, which may be a contact temperature sensor or a non-contact temperature sensor. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the temperature sensor.

[0129] Optionally, when the temperature detection circuit 240 includes a contact temperature sensor, the contact temperature sensor may be in direct contact with the heat-conducting component 210 in the battery module 200, or may be in contact with the heat-conducting component 210 in the battery module 200 via a temperature measuring cable (also referred to as a sampling line), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4 or Figure 13, the embodiment of the present application takes the example of the temperature detection circuit 240 including a contact temperature sensor, and each contact temperature sensor in the temperature detection circuit 240 is in contact with a heat-conducting component 210 in a battery module 200 via a temperature measuring cable as an example for illustrative description.

[0130] In one possible embodiment, the temperature detection circuit 240 includes the same number of temperature sensors as the number of heat-conducting components 210 included in the battery module 200, and each temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of one heat-conducting component 210. Alternatively, the temperature detection circuit 240 includes a greater number of temperature sensors than the number of heat-conducting components 210 included in the battery module 200. For example, when the battery module 200 includes one heat-conducting component 210, the temperature detection circuit 240 may include multiple temperature sensors, each of which is used to detect the temperature at different positions of the heat-conducting component 210, thereby enabling more timely detection of temperature changes in the heat-conducting component 210. The BMS 230 can more timely execute thermal runaway prevention measures based on the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210, thereby more timely reducing the risk of thermal runaway in the battery module 200. This embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0131] In a possible embodiment, referring to FIG. 4 , when the heat-conducting component 210 includes a first heat-conducting component 211 and the thermal conductivity of the first heat-conducting component 211 is greater than or equal to 1000 W / mK, compared with the aluminum bar 1112 in the above-mentioned battery pack 1100, the first heat-conducting component 211 has a higher thermal conductivity and a faster temperature response. Therefore, when the temperature of any battery cell 220 in the battery module 200 is abnormal, the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210 will also change more promptly. The BMS 230 can execute thermal runaway prevention measures more promptly based on the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210, and can reduce the thermal runaway risk of the battery module 200 more promptly.

[0132] In one possible embodiment, referring to FIG8 , when the heat-conducting component 210 further includes a second heat-conducting component 212 disposed between the first heat-conducting component 211 and the surface of each battery cell 220, the second heat-conducting component 212 can further enhance the heat transfer effect between the first heat-conducting component 211 and each battery cell 220, and the temperature detection circuit 240 can more promptly detect temperature changes in each battery cell 220. Consequently, the BMS 230 can more promptly implement thermal runaway prevention measures to reduce the risk of thermal runaway in the battery module 200.

[0133] In the battery module 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the heat-conducting component 210 is attached to the surface of each battery cell 220, and the heat-conducting component 210 is used to conduct heat from each battery cell 220. The temperature detection circuit 240 is used to detect the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210. Thus, the BMS 230 can determine whether the temperature of each battery cell 220 in the battery module 200 is abnormal based on the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210, and then perform thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature is abnormal to reduce the thermal runaway risk of the battery module 200. Compared with the battery pack 1100 shown in Figure 11 above, the temperature detection circuit 240 can determine whether the temperature of each battery cell 220 is abnormal in a more timely manner through the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210, thereby reducing the thermal runaway risk of the battery module 200 in a more timely manner. Moreover, compared with the battery pack shown in FIG12 above, the temperature detection circuit 240 does not need to detect the temperature of each battery cell 220 in the battery module 200 through multiple temperature sensors, but instead detects the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210, which has a simpler structure and can reduce the cost of the battery module 200.

[0134] Referring to FIG2 , FIG14 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The battery pack 400 includes a first battery module 270, a second battery module 280, and a third battery module 290. A heat-conducting component 210 is provided between any two adjacent battery modules, so that the two adjacent battery modules can share the heat-conducting component 210. For example, the heat-conducting component 210 between the first battery module 270 and the second battery module 280 can simultaneously transfer heat from the battery cells 220 in the first battery module 270 and the second battery module 280, thereby achieving a uniform temperature for the two battery modules. In addition, the temperature detection circuit 240 can detect the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210. The BMS 230 can determine whether the temperature of the battery cells 220 in the first battery module 270 and the second battery module 280 is abnormal based on the temperature of the heat-conducting component 210. If the temperature is abnormal, thermal runaway prevention measures are implemented to reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the first battery module 270 and the second battery module 280.

[0135] Based on this, referring to Figure 2, an embodiment of the present application also provides an energy storage system 500, which includes a battery pack 400 and a power converter 520. The power converter 520 is electrically connected to the battery module 200 in the battery pack 400. The power converter 520 is used to convert the AC power output by an external AC power source into DC power and output it to the battery pack 400, and / or the power converter 520 is used to convert the DC power output by the battery pack 400 into AC power and output it to a load or a power grid.

[0136] In one possible embodiment, referring to FIG2 , the energy storage system 500 further includes a processor 510. The processor 510 is electrically connected to the battery pack 400. The structure of the battery pack 400 may be the structure of the battery pack 400 shown in FIG2 , or the structure of the battery pack 400 shown in FIG14 . The processor 510 is configured to control the battery pack 40 to execute thermal runaway prevention measures. Taking the battery pack 400 having the structure of the battery pack 400 shown in FIG14 as an example, the processor 510 may be electrically connected to the BMS 230. The processor 510 may communicate with the BMS 230 to implement functions such as data acquisition, fault diagnosis, energy management, and communication control for the battery pack 400, thereby ensuring safe, efficient, and reliable operation of the battery pack 400.

[0137] Optionally, the energy storage system 500 may include one or more battery packs 400 . The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific number of battery packs 400 included in the energy storage system 500 .

[0138] In one possible embodiment, when the energy storage system 500 includes multiple battery packs 400, the battery modules 200 in the multiple battery packs 400 can share the temperature detection circuit 240 and the BMS 230. For example, referring to FIG4 , when the thermal conductive component 210 is attached to the top surface of each battery cell 220 and the multiple battery packs 400 share the temperature detection circuit 240 and the BMS 230, the structure of the energy storage system 500 is shown in FIG15 . Referring to FIG6 , when the thermal conductive component 210 is attached to the side surface of each battery cell 220 and the multiple battery packs 400 share the temperature detection circuit 240 and the BMS 230, the structure of the energy storage system 500 is shown in FIG16 .

[0139] In a possible embodiment, referring to Figure 15 or Figure 16, the processor 510 is also electrically connected to the liquid cooling module 250 in the battery module 200. When the BMS230 determines to perform thermal runaway prevention measures, the BMS230 can send a request signal to the processor 510. The processor 510 can turn on the liquid cooling module 250 based on the request signal, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery pack 400.

[0140] In a possible embodiment, the energy storage system 500 is an energy storage station or a vehicle. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the energy storage system 500.

[0141] The above detailed description of the battery module 200 and the analysis of its beneficial effects can be correspondingly referred to the battery pack 400 and the energy storage system 500, and will not be repeated herein in the embodiments of the present application.

[0142] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited to this. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, The battery module includes a heat-conducting component and a plurality of battery cells; The heat-conducting component is attached to the surfaces of at least two battery cells among the plurality of battery cells, and the area of the heat-conducting component is smaller than the area of the attachment surfaces of the at least two battery cells.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein There are a plurality of the heat-conducting components, and the plurality of heat-conducting components are arranged at intervals on the surfaces of the at least two battery cells, and the sum of the areas of the plurality of heat-conducting components is 50% of the area of the surfaces of the at least two battery cells.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein, The heat-conducting component includes a first heat-conducting component, and the material of the first heat-conducting component includes at least one of graphite, copper or aluminum.

4. The battery module according to claim 3, wherein The heat conductivity of the first heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to 1000 W / mK.

5. The battery module according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The first heat-conducting component is a heat pipe.

6. The battery module according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, The heat-conducting component further includes a second heat-conducting component, and the second heat-conducting component is arranged between the first heat-conducting component and the surface of each of the at least two battery cells, and the second heat-conducting component includes at least one of a heat-conducting pad, heat-conducting silicone grease or heat-conducting gel.

7. The battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The phase change temperature of the first heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to 20 °C and less than or equal to 50 °C.

8. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The heat-conducting component is attached to the surface of each of the plurality of battery cells, and the battery module further includes a battery management circuit and a temperature detection circuit; The temperature detection circuit is used to detect the temperature of the heat-conducting component; The battery management circuit is used to perform thermal runaway prevention measures according to the temperature of the heat-conducting component.

9. The battery module according to claim 8, wherein The battery management circuit is used to perform the thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to a temperature threshold, and / or when the heating rate of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to a rate threshold.

10. The battery module according to claim 9, wherein The battery management circuit is used to perform the thermal runaway prevention measures when the temperature of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold and the duration is greater than or equal to a first duration threshold, and / or when the heating rate of the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to the rate threshold and the duration is greater than or equal to a second duration threshold.

11. The battery module according to any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that, The battery module includes a liquid cooling module or an air cooling module, and the thermal runaway prevention measures include at least one of the following measures: turning on the liquid cooling module or increasing the power of the liquid cooling module, turning on the air cooling module or increasing the power of the air cooling module, and disconnecting the charge and discharge of the battery module.

12. A battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules according to any one of claims 1-11, and a heat-conducting component is provided between any two adjacent battery modules among the plurality of battery modules.

13. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes the battery pack described in claim 12 above and a power converter, and the power converter is used to convert the alternating current output by an external AC power supply into direct current and output it to the battery pack.

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