Pre-activation method and apparatus for fuel cell system

Abstract

A pre-activation method and apparatus for a fuel cell system. The pre-activation method for a fuel cell system comprises the following steps: acquiring the shutdown duration of a fuel cell system; if the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, then, on the basis of the current ambient humidity and a current dust value of a fuel cell system inlet, determining a current failure state of the fuel cell system; on the basis of the current failure state, performing pre-activation treatment on the fuel cell system, and, after the pre-activation treatment is completed, determining whether a stack state of the fuel cell system is a single cell-low voltage state; and, if the stack state is the single cell-low voltage state, then, on the basis of a first starvation activation policy, performing starvation activation treatment on a cathode of the fuel cell system, and, after the starvation activation treatment is completed, controlling the fuel cell system to operate. Thus, by means of analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and using different recovery activation treatment modes for the fuel cell system on the basis of different states, a stack is rapidly and efficiently activated, so that the stack achieves optimal performance output.

Description

Preactivation method and device for fuel cell system

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application is based on the Chinese patent application with application number 202410095921.4 and application date on January 23, 2024, and claims the priority of the Chinese patent application. The entire content of the Chinese patent application is hereby introduced into this application as a reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a pre-activation method and device for a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0004] In recent years, the global energy crisis and environmental pollution have continued to intensify. To alleviate environmental pollution and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, fuel cell technology has provided a new technical route. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a clean and environmentally friendly electrochemical power generation device. Due to its advantages such as small size, light weight, mild operating conditions, high energy conversion rate, simple structure, and rapid response, it is very suitable for use in portable power sources and transportation vehicles. Therefore, fuel cells are considered to be the preferred clean and efficient power generation device in the 21st century. Countries around the world are actively developing fuel cell electric vehicles with fuel cell stack modules as the main power source. The efficient output performance of on-board fuel cell stacks has practical application value. In order to maximize the performance output of the fuel cell stack, the stack needs to be activated accordingly after the stack is assembled or after a long period of inactivity.

[0005] In the related art, the activation method of the fuel cell stack is to gradually restore the performance of the stack through cyclic polarization current loading.

[0006] However, this method is only for the fuel cell stack, and does not analyze the status of the fuel cell system and perform different recovery and activation treatments on the fuel cell system according to different statuses, which urgently needs to be improved.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present application provides a pre-activation method and device for a fuel cell system to solve the problem of performance degradation after the fuel cell stack is assembled or has not been in operation for a long time, and to quickly and efficiently activate the stack so that the stack can achieve the best performance output.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, a first embodiment of the present application provides a pre-activation method for a fuel cell system, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Obtain the downtime of the fuel cell system;

[0011] If the downtime is longer than a preset time, obtaining the current ambient humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system, and determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value;

[0012] Performing a pre-activation process on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation process is completed; and

[0013] If the stack state is the single low state, starvation activation treatment is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, and the fuel cell system is controlled to operate after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present application, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value includes:

[0015] If the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, determining that the current failure state is a dust accumulation state; otherwise, determining whether the current ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity;

[0016] If the current environmental humidity is greater than the preset humidity, the current failure state is determined to be a dry state; otherwise, the current failure state is determined to be a full air state.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the dust accumulation state, and the pre-activation process of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes:

[0018] Determining a bypass purge flow rate and a bypass purge time before starting the fuel cell system;

[0019] The bypass of the fuel cell system is purged based on the bypass purge flow rate and the bypass purge time, and a starvation activation process is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a second starvation activation strategy.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the dry state, and the pre-activation process of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes:

[0021] Determining a first load current, operating temperature, air flow, and preset humidification time of the fuel cell system after startup;

[0022] Based on the load current, the operating temperature and the air flow, the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system is humidified, and when the first duration of the humidification treatment meets the preset humidification duration, the initial operating temperature and air flow are restored.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the full air state, and the pre-activation process of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes:

[0024] Determining a first nitrogen discharge duration, a first circulation flow rate of a hydrogen circuit, and a first opening frequency of a hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0025] An initial nitrogen discharge operation is performed on the fuel cell system based on the first nitrogen discharge time, the first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the full air state. If the stack state is the single low state, before performing starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, the method further includes:

[0027] Determining a second nitrogen exhaust time, a second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and a second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0028] Based on the second nitrogen removal time, the second circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen removal valve, a deep nitrogen removal operation is performed on the fuel cell system.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present application, performing starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy includes:

[0030] A second load current and a preset activation time before clamping are determined after the fuel cell system is shut down, the fuel cell system is activated before clamping based on the second load current, and when a second duration of the activation before clamping meets the preset activation time before clamping, air is introduced to control the operation of the fuel cell system.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present application, performing starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy includes:

[0032] The air stoichiometric ratio of the fuel cell system after startup is reduced to a second preset threshold based on a preset air stoichiometric ratio reduction strategy, and the fuel cell system is operated under a preset current condition.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the present application, after the pre-activation process is completed, it is determined whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state, and the method further includes:

[0034] If the stack state is not the single low state, the fuel cell system is controlled to start and operate.

[0035] According to the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system proposed in the embodiment of the present application, by obtaining the downtime of the fuel cell system, and when the downtime is longer than the preset time, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system based on the current ambient humidity and the current dust value, after completing the pre-activation treatment of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, it is determined whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state; if the stack state is a single low state, starvation activation treatment is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and after the treatment is completed, the operation of the fuel cell system is controlled. Thus, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and adopting different recovery and activation treatment methods for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem of performance degradation of the fuel cell stack after assembly or long-term non-operation is solved, and the stack is activated quickly and efficiently, so that the stack achieves the best performance output.

[0036] To achieve the above objectives, a second embodiment of the present application provides a pre-activation device for a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0037] An acquisition module, used to obtain the downtime of the fuel cell system;

[0038] a determination module, configured to obtain, when the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, a current ambient humidity and a current dust value at an inlet of the fuel cell system, and determine a current failure state of the fuel cell system based on the current ambient humidity and the current dust value;

[0039] a pre-activation module, configured to perform a pre-activation process on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and determine whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation process is completed; and

[0040] A starvation activation module is used to perform starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy when the stack state is the single low state, and control the operation of the fuel cell system after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present application, the determining module is specifically configured to:

[0042] When the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, determining that the current failure state is a dust accumulation state; otherwise, determining whether the current ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity;

[0043] When the current environmental humidity is greater than a preset humidity, the current failure state is determined to be a dry state; otherwise, the current failure state is determined to be a full air state.

[0044] According to one embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the dust accumulation state, and the pre-activation module includes:

[0045] a first determining unit, configured to determine a bypass purge flow rate and a bypass purge time before starting the fuel cell system;

[0046] The first processing unit is configured to purge the bypass of the fuel cell system based on the bypass purge flow rate and the bypass purge time, and perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a second starvation activation strategy.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the dry state, and the pre-activation module includes:

[0048] a second determining unit, configured to determine a first load current, an operating temperature, an air flow rate, and a preset humidification time after the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0049] A humidification processing unit is used to humidify the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system based on the load current, the operating temperature and the air flow, and restore the initial operating temperature and air flow when the first duration of the humidification treatment meets the preset humidification duration.

[0050] According to one embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the full air state, and the pre-activation module includes:

[0051] a third determining unit, configured to determine a first nitrogen discharge duration, a first circulation flow rate of a hydrogen circuit, and a first opening frequency of a hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0052] The nitrogen discharge unit is configured to perform an initial nitrogen discharge operation on the fuel cell system based on the first nitrogen discharge time, the first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve.

[0053] According to one embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the full air state. If the stack state is the single low state, before performing starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, the starvation activation module is further configured to:

[0054] Determining a second nitrogen exhaust time, a second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and a second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0055] Based on the second nitrogen removal time, the second circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen removal valve, a deep nitrogen removal operation is performed on the fuel cell system.

[0056] According to one embodiment of the present application, the starvation activation module is specifically used to:

[0057] A second load current and a preset activation time before clamping are determined after the fuel cell system is shut down, the fuel cell system is activated before clamping based on the second load current, and when a second duration of the activation before clamping meets the preset activation time before clamping, air is introduced to control the operation of the fuel cell system.

[0058] According to one embodiment of the present application, the first processing unit is specifically configured to:

[0059] The air stoichiometric ratio of the fuel cell system after startup is reduced to a second preset threshold based on a preset air stoichiometric ratio reduction strategy, and the fuel cell system is operated under a preset current condition.

[0060] According to one embodiment of the present application, after the pre-activation process is completed and it is determined whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state, the pre-activation module is further configured to:

[0061] When the stack state is not the single low state, the fuel cell system is controlled to start and operate.

[0062] According to the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system proposed in the embodiment of the present application, by obtaining the downtime of the fuel cell system, and when the downtime is longer than the preset time, the current failure state of the fuel cell system is determined based on the current ambient humidity and the current dust value, and after the pre-activation treatment of the fuel cell system is completed according to the current failure state, it is determined whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state; if the stack state is a single low state, the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved for activation based on the first starvation activation strategy, and the operation of the fuel cell system is controlled after the treatment is completed. Therefore, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and adopting different recovery and activation treatment methods for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem of performance degradation of the fuel cell stack after assembly or long-term non-operation is solved, and the stack is activated quickly and efficiently, so that the stack achieves the best performance output.

[0063] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the third aspect of the present application proposes a vehicle, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system as described in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0064] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the fourth embodiment of the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is executed by a processor to implement the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system as described in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0065] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0067] FIG1 is a flow chart of a pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the position of a dust sensor according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG3 is a flow chart of another pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] FIG4 is a block diagram of a pre-activation device for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0073] The following describes a pre-activation method and device for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] FIG1 is a flow chart of a pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0075] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG1 , the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system includes the following steps:

[0076] In step S101 , the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system is obtained.

[0077] It is understandable that the downtime of the fuel cell system can be obtained through a variety of means, such as designing a downtime log for the fuel cell system. Each time it is shut down, the system can automatically record the downtime, and the downtime of the fuel cell system can be obtained by checking the log, etc. There is no specific limitation on the method of obtaining the downtime of the fuel cell system here.

[0078] In step S102 , if the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, the current ambient humidity and the current dust value at the fuel cell system inlet are obtained, and the current failure state of the fuel cell system is determined based on the current ambient humidity and the current dust value.

[0079] The preset duration may be predetermined by a person skilled in the art, obtained through a limited number of experiments, or obtained through a limited number of computer simulations, and is not specifically limited here. A failure state refers to a situation in which the fuel cell stack performance degrades due to the current fuel cell system not being powered on for an extended period of time.

[0080] That is to say, after obtaining the shutdown time of the fuel cell system, if the shutdown time is greater than the preset time, it indicates that the fuel cell system has been shut down for a long time. In order to quickly and efficiently activate the fuel cell stack, the current ambient humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system can be obtained. Among them, the current ambient humidity can be obtained according to the current weather forecast or humidity sensor, and the current dust value can be measured by the dust sensor, as shown in Figure 2, so as to determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value, and prepare for the subsequent activation of the fuel cell system.

[0081] The following describes in detail how to determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system based on the current ambient humidity and the current dust value.

[0082] As a possible implementation method, in some embodiments, the current failure state of the fuel cell system is determined based on the current ambient humidity and the current dust value, including: if the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold value, the current failure state is determined to be a dust accumulation state; otherwise, whether the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity is determined; if the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity, the current failure state is determined to be a dry state; otherwise, the current failure state is determined to be a full air state.

[0083] It is understandable that, due to the fact that the intake throttle valve used in the fuel cell system is not completely sealed and the lower limit of the filter particle diameter of the air filter (i.e., the device for removing particulate impurities in the air), after the fuel cell vehicle is shut down for a long time in a dusty or oily place, a lot of dust, oil, etc. will accumulate inside the air filter, air compressor cavity, and intake pipe. Once the fuel cell system is turned on, these tiny dust and oil particles will enter the fuel cell stack, causing blockage, catalyst poisoning, etc., thereby causing the performance of the fuel cell stack to decline. The embodiment of the present application names this failure state as the dust accumulation state; since the intake throttle valve and the outlet throttle valve used in the fuel cell system are not completely sealed, the shutdown time is too long in a relatively dry environment, and a large amount of water molecules inside the membrane electrode diffuse. This causes the membrane electrode to be in a very dry state. When the fuel cell system is started at this time, the working efficiency of the membrane electrode will be very low. The embodiment of the present application names this failure state as a dry state; since the air intake throttle and air outlet throttle used in the fuel cell system are not completely sealed, after a long period of shutdown, the anode and cathode inside the stack are in a full-air state, and the microscopic space between the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst particles and the membrane electrode is filled with air molecules. In this case, if the normal startup and nitrogen discharge process is used, since the oxygen molecules inside the anode gas diffusion layer, the catalyst and the membrane electrode microscopic space cannot be blown away, when the fuel cell system is started and the current is loaded to a high potential, carbon corrosion will occur, thereby affecting the durability of the stack. The embodiment of the present application names this failure state as a full-air state.

[0084] Specifically, the basis for determining that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the dust accumulation state includes: ① the shutdown time of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to the first threshold value (calibrable), ② the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system (i.e., PM2.5 value) is greater than the first preset threshold value (calibrable); the basis for determining that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the dry state includes: ① the shutdown time of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to the second threshold value (calibrable), ② the current ambient humidity is low and greater than the preset humidity (calibrable); the basis for determining that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the full air state includes: ① the shutdown time of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to the third threshold value (calibrable), ② the pressure in the cathode cavity of the fuel cell stack is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

[0085] In step S103 , the fuel cell system is pre-activated according to the current failure state, and after the pre-activation is completed, it is determined whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state.

[0086] That is to say, after determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system based on the current ambient humidity and the current dust value, the pre-activation strategy of the fuel cell system can be determined based on the current failure state. Different failure states can adopt corresponding pre-activation strategies to pre-activate the fuel cell system so that the stack can achieve the best performance output. After pre-activating the fuel cell system according to the pre-activation strategy, it is further judged whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state.

[0087] For ease of understanding, the following describes in detail how to perform pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state.

[0088] As a possible implementation method, in some embodiments, the current failure state is a dust accumulation state, and the fuel cell system is pre-activated according to the current failure state, including: determining the bypass purge flow and bypass purge time before starting the fuel cell system; based on the bypass purge flow and bypass purge time, purging the bypass of the fuel cell system, and performing starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy.

[0089] Specifically, when it is determined that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is a dust accumulation state, a bypass large air volume purge operation can be performed before the fuel cell system is started, and the bypass purge flow (calibrable) and bypass purge time (calibrable) before the fuel cell system is started are determined. Based on the bypass purge flow and the bypass purge time, the bypass of the fuel cell system is purged. After the purge is completed, the fuel cell system is started. After the fuel cell system is started and operated, the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved and activated based on the second starvation activation strategy.

[0090] Among them, in some embodiments, the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved for activation based on a second starvation activation strategy, including: reducing the air stoichiometric ratio after the fuel cell system is started to a second preset threshold based on a preset air stoichiometric ratio reduction strategy, and operating the fuel cell system under preset current conditions.

[0091] Specifically, based on the preset strategy of reducing the air stoichiometric ratio, the air stoichiometric ratio of the fuel cell system after startup is reduced to a second preset threshold value (calibrable), and the fuel cell system is operated under preset current conditions, wherein the preset current conditions are that the ambient humidity is greater than 70% and the operating temperature is greater than 60°C, that is, the anode and cathode of the fuel cell system are operated under the conditions of an ambient humidity greater than 70% and an operating temperature greater than 60°C to reduce the degree of ion poisoning.

[0092] Optionally, in some embodiments, the current failure state is a dry state, and the fuel cell system is pre-activated according to the current failure state, including: determining the first load current, operating temperature, air flow and preset humidification time after the fuel cell system is started; based on the load current, operating temperature and air flow, humidifying the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, and restoring the initial operating temperature and air flow when the first duration of the humidification treatment meets the preset humidification time.

[0093] Specifically, when it is determined that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is a dry state, the membrane electrode can be quickly humidified, that is, the first load current, operating temperature, air flow and preset humidification time after the fuel cell system is started are determined, and the load current is set to the first load current, such as 0.5A / cm after the fuel cell system is started. 2 ; Appropriately lower the operating temperature of the fuel cell system. The temperature drop can lead to an increase in humidity, thereby generating more water remaining inside the stack. After diffusion and electromigration, the water content of the membrane electrode increases, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid humidification; reduce the air flow rate to the sixth threshold (calibrable) to reduce the discharge of water; maintain the above operations to meet the preset humidification time (calibrable), and restore the initial operating temperature and air flow rate.

[0094] Optionally, in some embodiments, the current failure state is a full air state, and the fuel cell system is pre-activated according to the current failure state, including: determining the first nitrogen discharge time, the first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started; based on the first nitrogen discharge time, the first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve, performing an initial nitrogen discharge operation on the fuel cell system.

[0095] Specifically, when it is determined that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is a full-air state, a nitrogen exhaust operation can be added during the fuel cell system startup clamping process. Since a certain amount of nitrogen will accumulate at the anode of the fuel cell system, affecting the normal operation of the fuel cell system, a nitrogen exhaust operation is required to determine the first nitrogen exhaust time (calibrable), the first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit (calibrable) and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve (calibrable) when the fuel cell system is started. Increasing the circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit to the calibrated value can deeply purge the microscopic space between the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst particles.

[0096] In step S104 , if the stack state is a single low state, starvation activation treatment is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and the operation of the fuel cell system is controlled after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

[0097] Among them, the single-low state refers to the situation where the performance of individual cells in the fuel cell stack will be lower than the overall average level of the stack when the fuel cell system is restarted after being shut down for a long time. The factors causing the single-low state are relatively complex, but in the case of a long shutdown, the single-low state is generally caused by the following factors: ① Dust or oil caused by dust accumulation causes local contamination inside the fuel cell stack; ② Local dryness inside the fuel cell stack; ③ Incomplete purge of impurity gases inside the membrane electrode gas diffusion layer when the system is just started, etc.

[0098] The basis for determining that a fuel cell stack is in a single-low state includes: ① the average difference of the stack CVM (Cell Voltage Monitor) is greater than the fourth threshold (such as 30mV), and ② the duration of the single-low state is greater than the fifth threshold (such as 5s).

[0099] That is to say, when the stack state of the fuel cell system is judged to be a single low state after the pre-activation treatment is completed, the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved for activation based on the first starvation activation strategy, and the fuel cell system is controlled to operate normally after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

[0100] Among them, in some embodiments, the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved for activation based on a first starvation activation strategy, including: determining a second load current and a preset activation time before clamping the potential after the fuel cell system is shut down, performing a pre-clamping activation treatment on the fuel cell system based on the second load current, and when the second duration of the pre-clamping activation treatment meets the preset activation time before clamping the potential, introducing air to control the operation of the fuel cell system.

[0101] Specifically, the second loading current after the fuel cell system is shut down and the preset activation time before clamping are determined, the fuel cell system is quickly shut down, and activation treatment before clamping is performed. Before the fuel cell system is turned on and clamping is performed, since the fuel cell system is quickly shut down, its cathode is nitrogen, the temperature is high, and it retains more water. At this time, no air is provided, and a small current is loaded, and the loading current is to the second loading current (calibrable), so that the fuel cell stack is in the LSV (Linear Sweep Voltammetry, linear voltammetry test state) state. Due to the reducing nature of hydrogen, some cathode poisoning parts can be restored. When the duration of the activation treatment before clamping meets the preset activation time before clamping (calibrable), air is introduced to control the normal operation of the fuel cell system.

[0102] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the current failure state is a full air state. If the stack state is a single low state, before performing starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, it also includes: determining the second nitrogen discharge time, the second circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started; based on the second nitrogen discharge time, the second circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve, performing a deep nitrogen discharge operation on the fuel cell system.

[0103] That is to say, the current failure state is the full air state. During the nitrogen discharge process, if it is judged that the stack state is a single low state, before the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved and activated based on the first starvation activation strategy, the nitrogen discharge time, the circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve can be further increased, that is, the second nitrogen discharge time (calibrable), the second circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit (calibrable) and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve (calibrable) when the fuel cell system is started are determined, and the fuel cell system is deep nitrogen discharged accordingly.

[0104] Furthermore, in some embodiments, after determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is in a single-low state after the pre-activation process is completed, it also includes: if the stack state is not in a single-low state, controlling the fuel cell system to start and run.

[0105] That is to say, after the pre-activation process of the fuel cell system is completed according to the current failure state, if it is determined that the stack state of the fuel cell system is not a single low state, the fuel cell system can be directly controlled to start and run.

[0106] To facilitate those skilled in the art to further understand the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system proposed in the embodiment of the present application, further description will be given below with reference to FIG3 .

[0107] As shown in FIG3 , the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system includes the following steps:

[0108] Step S301: Determine whether the fuel system shutdown duration is greater than or equal to a preset duration. If so, execute step S302; otherwise, execute steps S308 to S309.

[0109] Step S302, start the water pump and start the small circulation; start the air compressor and open the bypass 100%.

[0110] Step S303a, determining whether the PM2.5 value at the inlet of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, if so, executing step S304a, otherwise executing step S303b.

[0111] Step S304a, (the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the dust accumulation state (ie, the Dust state)) a bypass atmospheric air purge process is performed.

[0112] Step S305a is the first step of performing starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system.

[0113] Step S306a: Determine whether the fuel cell stack state is in a single low state. If so, execute steps S307a and S309; ​​otherwise, execute steps S308 to S309.

[0114] Step S307a, (the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state) the second step of starvation activation treatment is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system.

[0115] Step S303b: Determine whether the fuel cell system is in a dry area (ie, whether the current ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity). If so, execute step S304b; otherwise, execute step S304c.

[0116] Step S304b, (the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the dry state (ie, Dry state)) humidifying the fuel cell system.

[0117] Step S305b: Determine whether the fuel cell stack state is a single low state. If so, execute steps S306b and S309; ​​otherwise, execute steps S308 to S309.

[0118] Step S306b, (the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state) the second step of starvation activation treatment is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system.

[0119] Step S304c, (the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the full air state (ie, Air state)) perform nitrogen exhaust operation on the fuel cell system.

[0120] Step S305c: Determine whether the fuel cell stack state is in a single low state. If so, execute steps S306c, S307c, and S309; ​​otherwise, execute steps S308-S309.

[0121] Step S306c, (the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state) further enhance the nitrogen exhaust operation.

[0122] Step S307c, performing the second step of starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system.

[0123] Step S308: The fuel cell system starts normally.

[0124] Step S309: The fuel cell system operates normally.

[0125] According to the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system proposed in the embodiment of the present application, by obtaining the downtime of the fuel cell system, and when the downtime is longer than the preset time, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system based on the current ambient humidity and the current dust value, and after completing the pre-activation treatment of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state; if the stack state is a single low state, starvation activation treatment is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and controlling the operation of the fuel cell system after the treatment is completed. Thus, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and adopting different recovery and activation treatment methods for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem of performance degradation of the fuel cell stack after assembly or long-term non-operation is solved, and the stack is activated quickly and efficiently, so that the stack achieves the best performance output.

[0126] Next, a pre-activation device for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0127] FIG4 is a block diagram of a pre-activation device for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0128] As shown in FIG. 4 , the pre-activation device 10 of the fuel cell system includes: an acquisition module 100 , a determination module 200 , a pre-activation module 300 and a starvation activation module 400 .

[0129] The acquisition module 100 is used to obtain the downtime of the fuel cell system;

[0130] a determination module 200 for obtaining the current ambient humidity and the current dust value at the fuel cell system inlet when the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, and determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system based on the current ambient humidity and the current dust value;

[0131] A pre-activation module 300 is used to perform pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and determine whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation processing is completed; and

[0132] The starvation activation module 400 is used to perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy when the stack state is in the single low state, and control the operation of the fuel cell system after the starvation activation processing is completed.

[0133] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the determination module 200 is specifically configured to:

[0134] When the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, the current failure state is determined to be a dust accumulation state; otherwise, whether the current ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity is determined;

[0135] When the current environmental humidity is greater than the preset humidity, the current failure state is determined to be a dry state; otherwise, the current failure state is determined to be a full air state.

[0136] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the current failure state is a dust accumulation state, and the pre-activation module 300 includes:

[0137] A first determining unit is used to determine a bypass purge flow rate and a bypass purge time before starting the fuel cell system;

[0138] The first processing unit is used to purge the bypass of the fuel cell system based on the bypass purge flow rate and the bypass purge time, and perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy.

[0139] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the current failure state is a dry state, and the pre-activation module 300 includes:

[0140] A second determining unit is used to determine a first load current, an operating temperature, an air flow rate, and a preset humidification time after the fuel cell system is started;

[0141] The humidification processing unit is used to humidify the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system based on the load current, operating temperature and air flow, and restore the initial operating temperature and air flow when the first duration of the humidification treatment meets the preset humidification duration.

[0142] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the current failure state is a full air state, and the pre-activation module 300 includes:

[0143] a third determining unit, configured to determine a first nitrogen discharge time, a first circulation flow rate of a hydrogen circuit, and a first opening frequency of a hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0144] The nitrogen exhaust unit is used to perform an initial nitrogen exhaust operation on the fuel cell system based on a first nitrogen exhaust time, a first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit, and a first opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve.

[0145] Furthermore, in some embodiments, if the current failure state is the full air state and the stack state is the single low state, before performing starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, the starvation activation module 400 is further configured to:

[0146] Determine the second nitrogen exhaust time, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0147] Based on the second nitrogen removal time, the second circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen removal valve, a deep nitrogen removal operation is performed on the fuel cell system.

[0148] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the starvation activation module 400 is specifically configured to:

[0149] Determine a second load current and a preset activation time before clamping after the fuel cell system is shut down, perform pre-clamping activation treatment on the fuel cell system based on the second load current, and when the second duration of the pre-clamping activation treatment meets the preset activation time before clamping, introduce air to control the operation of the fuel cell system.

[0150] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first processing unit is specifically configured to:

[0151] The air stoichiometric ratio of the fuel cell system after startup is reduced to a second preset threshold based on a preset air stoichiometric ratio reduction strategy, and the fuel cell system is operated under preset current conditions.

[0152] Furthermore, in some embodiments, after determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is in a single low state after the pre-activation process is completed, the pre-activation module 300 is further configured to:

[0153] When the stack state is not in a single low state, the fuel cell system is controlled to start and run.

[0154] It should be noted that the aforementioned explanation of the embodiment of the pre-activation method for the fuel cell system is also applicable to the pre-activation device for the fuel cell system of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0155] According to the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system proposed in the embodiment of the present application, by obtaining the downtime of the fuel cell system, and when the downtime is longer than the preset time, the current failure state of the fuel cell system is determined based on the current ambient humidity and the current dust value, and after the pre-activation treatment of the fuel cell system is completed according to the current failure state, it is determined whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state; if the stack state is a single low state, the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved for activation based on the first starvation activation strategy, and the operation of the fuel cell system is controlled after the treatment is completed. Therefore, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and adopting different recovery and activation treatment methods for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem of performance degradation of the fuel cell stack after assembly or long-term non-operation is solved, and the stack is activated quickly and efficiently, so that the stack achieves the best performance output.

[0156] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle may include:

[0157] Memory 501 , processor 502 , and computer programs stored in the memory 501 and executable on the processor 502 .

[0158] When the processor 502 executes the program, the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0159] Furthermore, the vehicle further comprises:

[0160] The communication interface 503 is used for communication between the memory 501 and the processor 502 .

[0161] The memory 501 is used to store computer programs that can be run on the processor 502 .

[0162] The memory 501 may include a high-speed RAM (Random Access Memory) memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.

[0163] If the memory 501, processor 502, and communication interface 503 are implemented independently, the communication interface 503, memory 501, and processor 502 can be interconnected via a bus and communicate with each other. The bus can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus. Buses can be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, FIG5 shows only one thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0164] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 are integrated on a chip, the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0165] The processor 502 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention.

[0166] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the above-mentioned pre-activation method for the fuel cell system when executed by a processor.

[0167] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0168] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0169] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pre-activation method for a fuel cell system, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Obtain the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system; If the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, obtain the current environmental humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system, and determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value; Perform pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and determine whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single-low state after the pre-activation processing is completed; And If the stack state is the single-low state, perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and control the operation of the fuel cell system after the starvation activation processing is completed.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value includes: If the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, determine that the current failure state is an ash accumulation state; otherwise, determine whether the current environmental humidity is greater than a preset humidity; If the current environmental humidity is greater than the preset humidity, determine that the current failure state is a dry state; otherwise, determine that the current failure state is a full-air state.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the current failure state is the ash accumulation state, the performing pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes: Determine the bypass purge flow rate and bypass purge time before the fuel cell system is started; Based on the bypass purge flow rate and the bypass purge time, purge the bypass of the fuel cell system, and perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein When the current failure state is the dry state, the performing pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes: Determine the first loading current, working temperature, air flow rate, and preset humidification duration after the fuel cell system is started; Based on the loading current, the working temperature, and the air flow rate, perform humidification processing on the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, and restore the initial working temperature and air flow rate when the first duration of the humidification processing meets the preset humidification duration.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the current failure state is the full-air state, the performing pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes: Determine the first nitrogen purge duration, the first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started; Based on the first nitrogen purge duration, the first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve, Perform an initial nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that When the current failure state is the full-air state, if the stack state is the single-low state, before performing starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, it further includes: Determine the second nitrogen purge duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started; Based on the second nitrogen purge duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen purge valve, perform a deep nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The cathode starvation activation treatment of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy includes: Determine the second pull load current and the preset activation duration before clamping potential after the fuel cell system shuts down. Based on the second pull load current, perform the activation treatment before clamping potential on the fuel cell system. When the second duration of the activation treatment before clamping potential meets the preset activation duration before clamping potential, introduce air to control the operation of the fuel cell system.

8. The method according to claim 3, wherein The cathode starvation activation treatment of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy includes: Based on the preset strategy of reducing the air stoichiometry ratio, reduce the air stoichiometry ratio after the fuel cell system starts up to a second preset threshold, and operate the fuel cell system under preset current conditions.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein After determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is in a single low state after the pre-activation treatment is completed, it further includes: If the stack state is not the single low state, control the fuel cell system to start up and operate.

10. A pre-activation device for a fuel cell system, characterized in that, It includes: An acquisition module for acquiring the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system; A determination module for, when the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, acquiring the current ambient humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system, and determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value; A pre-activation module for performing pre-activation treatment on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is in a single low state after the pre-activation treatment is completed; And A starvation activation module for, when the stack state is in the single low state, performing cathode starvation activation treatment on the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and controlling the operation of the fuel cell system after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

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