Automated circumference measurement and logging system with integrated visually-coded labels

Abstract

The invention provides, amongst other aspects, a device comprising a measuring band and a head; the measuring band being provided with one or more visually-coded regions at its surface; the head comprising a display window and fitting means for receiving portions of the measuring band such that the device may be snugly fit around an object having an increasing circumference while showing a portion of the measuring band through the window; the head further comprising a tag section comprising a tag region for carrying a tag; wherein preferably the device further comprises a visual tag and / or an RFID tag provided at the tag section.

Description

Automated Circumference Measurement and Logging System with Integrated Visually-Coded LabelsField of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of arboriculture, forestry, and tree nurseries. Particularly, the invention relates to automated circumference measurement suitable for trees, and a related logging system, with integrated visually-coded labels, suitable for measuring, logging, and classifying the circumference of tree trunks.Background art

[0002] In the arboriculture sector, tree nurseries, and forestry, measuring the circumference of tree trunks is a crucial task for inventory management, determining the health of trees, and pricing for sale.

[0003] Traditionally, this process is manual, requiring significant labor and time, especially in large nurseries. The manual process involves measuring the circumference with a tape measure and then logging this data.

[0004] Additionally, trees are classified into various price classes based on their circumference, with each class defined by, e.g., a 2 cm increment. This classification is typically indicated by attaching a colored band to the tree, corresponding to its class. This process is labour-intensive and prone to errors.

[0005] DE202023106988U1 disclose related devices. These devices are however not adapted to the needs of automation of classification.

[0006] The present invention aims at addressing issues, such as the issues mentioned above.Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention proposes a device, method and system suitable to streamline the process of measuring, logging, and classifying tree circumferences in tree nurseries and related sectors.

[0008] According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a device comprising a measuring band and a head; the measuring band being provided with one or more visually-coded regions at its surface; the head comprising a display window and fitting means for receiving portions of the measuring band such that the device may be snugly fit around an object having an increasing circumference while showing a portion of the measuring band through the window; the head further comprising a tag section comprising a tag region for carrying a tag; wherein preferably the head comprises a narrowing extending between the tag section and a main section of the head; and / or wherein preferably the device further comprises a visual tag and / or an RFID tag provided at the tag section.

[0009] Such a device may advantageously enable an efficient and accurate approach to measuring, logging, and classifying circumferences, e.g., tree circumferences in tree nurseries and related sectors. Measuring circumference may thereby, e.g., relate to determining the circumference class, relating to some class-corresponding interval for the circumference, e.g.,expressed in a lower value (in mm) and a larger value (in mm). Measuring circumference may thereby equally relate to determining the circumference with mm accuracy, with or without use of the class, e.g., by relying on a visually-coded feature, such as a marking and / or a coding subregion. In embodiments, it may relate to detecting the ratio of color areas seen through the display window. For instance, 50% of one color and 50% of another allows to determine the circumference accurately. In case certain colors appear multiple times, a third color or pattern can be introduced to simplify the distinction.

[0010] The invention may offer significant improvements over traditional methods, with potential for widespread application and market adoption, in view of the high level of automation when compared to the prior art in the field of circumference measurement. Further examples will be appreciated from the Examples.

[0011] DE202023106988U1 does not provide such a device, as it does not disclose or hint toward a tag region. Related, it does not disclose or hint toward any other means suitable for automated identification as part of the classification.

[0012] Likewise, NL8900774A does not provide such a device, as it does not disclose or hint toward a tag region. Related, it does not disclose or hint toward any other means suitable for automated identification as part of the classification.

[0013] In embodiments, the measuring band is provided with a single visually-coded region at its surface, e.g., a single region with a single color. In such embodiments, the region being visible in the display window may be indicative of the circumference falling in a certain first range, whereas the region not being visible and / or only partially filling the display window may be indicative of the circumference falling in a certain second region. Such embodiments may advantageously be combined with embodiments wherein the visually-coded region comprises a further visually-coded feature. For instance, in one example, the visually-coded feature may relate to a marking provided at an angle and extending over part of the region or even the entire region, wherein it may or may not extend also over further portions of the measuring band not belonging to the region. Such marking may be understood as similar to the region-crossing marking illustrated by Fig. 2B yet with the marking extending over only one region (rather than crossing regions), as only one region is present. In another example, the visually-coded feature may relate to a coding subregion, such as the one illustrated by Fig. 2C. Such visually-coded feature may advantageously allow the infer circumference with mm accuracy, even in the case of a single region.

[0014] In embodiments, the measuring band is provided with two or more than two visually-coded regions.

[0015] According to a second aspect, the invention provides a method comprising the steps of: taking a picture of a device snugly fit around an object having a circumference to be measured; finding a visual tag provided on the device; determining, based on the visual tag, an ID, position, size and orientation of the tag; inferring, based on said position, size and orientation of the tag and a predetermined relative position, the position of a display window; analyzing data visible in said display window and relating to one or more visually-coded regions; inferring the circumference from said data; wherein the device comprises a measuring band and a head; wherein the measuringband is provided with said visually-coded regions at its surface; wherein the head comprises the display window and fitting means for receiving portions of the measuring band relating to said being snugly fit; wherein the head further comprises a tag section comprising a tag region wherein the visual tag is provided.

[0016] According to a further aspect, the invention provides a system comprising the device of the invention and a further device, e.g., a smartphone or tablet, comprising a processor and a camera and configured to carry out the method of the invention.

[0017] Preferred embodiments and their advantages are provided in the description.Brief description of the drawings

[0018] The present invention will be discussed in more detail below, with reference to the attached drawings.

[0019] Fig. 1-4 show example embodiments according to the invention.

[0020] Thereby, Fig. 1 shows a top view of an example embodiment of the device (label) according to the invention, with the device not in use. Fig. 2 illustrates three different embodiments with plain color-coded regions (Fig. 2A), color-coded regions provided with a region-crossing marking provided at an angle (Fig. 2B) and color-coded regions comprising a coding subregion (Fig. 2C). Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 illustrates various embodiments of the device and method according to the invention, wherein the tag region is either provided with a tag relating to a QR-code (Fig. 3) or with a tag relating to an RFID chip (Fig. 4).Description of embodiments

[0021] The following descriptions depict only example embodiments and are not considered limiting in scope. Any reference herein to the disclosure is not intended to restrict or limit the disclosure to exact features of any one or more of the exemplary embodiments disclosed in the present specification.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order. The terms are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and the embodiments of the invention can operate in other sequences than described or illustrated herein.

[0023] Furthermore, the various embodiments, although referred to as “preferred” are to be construed as exemplary manners in which the invention may be implemented rather than as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0024] The term “comprising”, used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being restricted to the elements or steps listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or steps. It needs to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, integers, steps or components as referred to, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components, or groups thereof. Thus, the scope of the expression “a device comprising A and B” should not be limited to devices consisting only of components A and B, rather with respect to the present invention, the only enumerated components of the device are A and B, and further the claim should be interpreted as including equivalents of those components.

[0025] In this document, reference is made to a "first configuration" and a "second configuration". This may relate to two different types (or modes) of use of the device when fitted around an object, where the fitting means relate to recesses. In the first configuration, e.g., the device may slide over the head from its outer end toward the first recess, then under the portion between the first and second recess (with the window positioned over), then over the portion between the second and third recess, and finally under the portion leading to the measuring band. In contrast, the second configuration may involve, e.g., sliding under the head from its outer end toward the first recess, then over the portion between the first and second recess (with the window positioned under), then under the portion between the second and third recess, and finally over the portion leading to the measuring band. In general, the device is suitable to be used according to either of the first or second configuration; however, it may be adapted to be used particularly for one of both configurations.

[0026] In embodiments, visually-coded regions are provided with a marking provided at an angle.

[0027] In embodiments, visually-coded regions are provided with a region-crossing marking provided at an angle.

[0028] In embodiments, visually-coded regions 4a", 4b" comprise a coding subregion.

[0029] In embodiments, the device is made of (a) durable, weather-resistant material(s) to withstand outdoor conditions and the growth of the tree without causing harm.

[0030] In embodiments, the device, and / or at least the measuring band, relates to a flexible band, similar in material and / or shape and / or look-and-feel to a measuring tape.

[0031] In embodiments, the visually-coded regions, i.e., regions that are visually distinguishable from one another, relate to color-coded regions, thereby divided into separate coloured regions each exhibiting a different color.

[0032] In embodiments, the head comprises a main section and a tag section, wherein the main section comprises a display window and fitting means, wherein preferably the display window relates to a visually transparent portion of the main section, e.g., an opening, that aligns with the measuring band, to display the current circumference of the tree and the corresponding portion of the measuring band when the device is in use, i.e., when the device is fitted snugly around a tree.

[0033] In embodiments, the fitting means are line-shaped recesses extending between circular openings in a direction perpendicular to a main direction of the device being the main direction of the measuring band, preferably adapted in size and shape for receiving portions of the measuring band while the device is in use.

[0034] In embodiments, the head comprises, preferably consists of, a main section and a tag section, wherein the tag section comprises a tag region suitable for having a tag provided on or within the tag section, with a narrowing extending between the main section and the head section. This narrowing may be advantageous in that it may improve the automated read-out of the tag. When attaching the label around a tree trunk, the intention is for the label to fit as closely as possible to the trunk. So, both the head and the measuring band are flexible. To promote proper reading of the visual tag, it is desirable to keep the tag section bearing the code as flat as possible. The advantage of the narrowing is that the tag section is prevented from bending along with the mainsection. The narrowing mitigates this effect, leading to improved read-out of visual tags. The narrowing may also be advantageous in examples including an RFID chip, as also for such tag it may be desirable to avoid bending as much as possible, by keeping the tag section as flat as possible.

[0035] In embodiments, the measuring band is marked with millimeter measurements and divided into color-coded regions.

[0036] In embodiments, the system further comprises a database for logging entries, each entry comprising at least an ID and a measurement relating to circumference.

[0037] In embodiments, the invention provides a device comprising a measuring band and a head, where the measuring band is provided with one or more visually-coded regions at its surface, and the head comprises a display window and fitting means for receiving portions of the measuring band such that the device may be snugly fit around an object having an increasing circumference while showing a portion of the measuring band through the window, and the head further comprises a tag section comprising a tag region for carrying a tag.

[0038] In embodiments, the device has a tag provided at the tag section. In embodiments, the tag includes, or is, a visual tag. In embodiments the tag includes, or is, an RFID tag.

[0039] In embodiments, the fitting means correspond to recesses, and a length of a recess nearer to the outer end of the head is larger than a length of a recess further removed from the outer end of the head. This may advantageously provide a snugger fit. It may relate both to embodiments according to the first configuration and embodiments according to the second configuration.

[0040] In embodiments, the tag section and its tag region are provided on a main section of the head.

[0041] In embodiments, the tag region is provided on portions of the head extending between the outer end of the head toward a first fitting means. This may advantageously allow that the tag region "sticks out" and / or is presented as a "flap". This may relate to use of the device according to the second configuration. This may allow for convenient detection, as such a tag region may be more (close to) planar, and allow for less distortion and / or less light reflection, and thus better detection, in cases of, e.g., the tag relating to a visual code such as a QR code.

[0042] In embodiments, a distance between the tag region and the display window is less than 40 mm, preferably less than 20 mm.

[0043] In embodiments, the tag region and the display window are essentially centered with respect to a common axis being an axis along which the measuring band extends, the common axis preferably being centered with respect to the measurement band.

[0044] In embodiments, the head comprises the tag section and a main section, with a narrowing extending therebetween.

[0045] In embodiments, the device has a tag with a unique ID for a tree associated with the device, particularly the tree around which the device may be fitted. The unique ID may thereby be associated with tree-related data including, e.g., at least the species of the tree and measurement data relating to the circumference of the tree and inferred from analyzing data visible in said display window and relating to the one or more visually-coded regions. Preferably, the method of theinvention thereby comprises the step of the inferring of circumference, followed by the step of automatically storing the inferred circumference. The automatic storing may relate to cloud storage, wherein the circumference is stored in association with the unique ID. The automatic storing may equally relate to storing the inferred circumference on a chip provided in the tag of the device. In embodiments, the tree-related data includes data to comply with the governmental tree passport requirements. In embodiments, the tree-related data comprises the age of the tree. In example embodiments, the tree-related data is at least partly, or entirely, available through a link to an online resource, preferably a URL embedded in the tag, for instance via a QR-code, where additional data can be found. This may provide for convenient data management. In example embodiments, the tag includes a chip, preferably an RFID chip. In embodiments, the chip only stores the unique ID. In embodiments, the chip stores part of the tree-related data. This may provide for convenient readout of data on a local level (regardless of network connectivity).

[0046] In embodiments, the invention provides a method comprising the steps of taking a picture of a device snugly fit around an object having a circumference to be measured, finding a visual tag provided on the device, determining an ID based on the visual tag, inferring the position of a display window, analyzing data visible in the display window and relating to one or more visually-coded regions, and inferring the circumference from the data, wherein the device comprises a measuring band and a head, the measuring band is provided with visually-coded regions at its surface, the head comprises the display window and fitting means for receiving portions of the measuring band to snugly fit, and the head further comprises a tag section with a tag region where the visual tag is provided.

[0047] According to another aspect, the invention provides a method comprising the steps of: taking a picture of a device snugly fit around an object, preferably a tree, having a circumference to be measured; determining, from a tag comprised in the device, a unique ID associated with the object; inferring the position of a display window; analyzing data visible in said display window and relating to one or more visually-coded regions; inferring the circumference from said data; wherein the device comprises a measuring band and a head; wherein the measuring band is provided with said visually-coded regions at its surface; wherein the head comprises the display window and fitting means for receiving portions of the measuring band relating to said being snugly fit; wherein the head further comprises a tag section comprising a tag region wherein the tag is provided.

[0048] In embodiments, the position of the display window may be inferred regardless of the detection of the tag, and vice versa, and the data may be joined only in a later method step. In embodiments, the tag is used solely to determine the ID, and the position of the display window and corresponding visually-coded regions (e.g., color classes) are inferred from a picture taken by a camera, whereby the inferring relates to a machine learning algorithm. Thereby, the camera and the sensor (RFID, camera) may or may not be comprised in the same device and may or may not be the same (e.g., a camera for handling both QR code and visually-coded regions). In such embodiments, a single image may synergistically provide a measurement of the object (circumference, class, ...) while scanning the tag and obtaining the ID.

[0049] In embodiments, the position of the display window is inferred from the detection of the tag.

[0050] In embodiments, the determining comprises determining the position, size, and orientation of the tag, and the inferring is based on the position, size, and orientation of the tag and a predetermined relative position.

[0051] In embodiments, the tag comprises a chip, preferably an RFID chip, and the chip comprises at least the unique ID, and the method comprises the further step of: storing the inferred circumference on said chip.

[0052] In embodiments, the invention provides a system comprising the device and a further device with a processor and a camera configured to carry out the method.

[0053] Example embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1-5.

[0054] Example 1 : first example device, method and system according to the invention

[0055] This example concerns an example embodiment of a device according to the invention, suitable to streamline the process of measuring, logging, and classifying tree circumferences in tree nurseries and related sectors. It is illustrated by Fig. 1 and 2.

[0056] Fig. 1 shows a top view of an example embodiment of the device 1 (label) according to the invention, with the device not in use. Fig. 2 illustrates three different embodiments with plain visually- coded regions 4a, 4b (Fig. 2A), visually-coded regions 4a', 4b' provided with a region-crossing marking 12 provided at an angle (Fig. 2B) and visually-coded regions 4a", 4b" comprising a coding subregion (Fig. 2C). In this example, the visually-coded regions all relate to regions that are color- coded regions, wherein different colors are illustrated by means of different line patterns.

[0057] The device is made of (a) durable, weather-resistant material(s) to withstand outdoor conditions and the growth of the tree without causing harm.

[0058] As illustrated in Fig. 1 , the device 1 relates to a label comprising two main parts.

[0059] The first part is the measuring band 3, relating to a flexible band, similar in material and / or shape and / or look-and-feel to a measuring tape. The measuring band 3 is provided with visually- coded regions, i.e., regions that are visually distinguishable from one another. In this example, the measuring band is color-coded, thereby divided into separate colored regions 4a-4f each exhibiting a different color. In the figure, this color difference is illustrated with shading, and each color corresponds to a specific circumference class. In other examples (not shown), the visually-coded regions are visually distinguishable by a feature different from color, such as a line code or texture. In yet other examples, they are distinguishable by a combination of features including color and / or texture. The measuring band 3 extends between two ends, the first end being a head 2 and the other end relating to a wedge-shaped section 5. The measuring band extends along a main section being a straight section, the straight section comprising the visually-coded regions, gradually narrowing in the wedge-shaped section 5.

[0060] The second part is the head 2, which may be broader than the measuring band 3 (as illustrated in the figures); in other examples it may be narrower (not shown) or of the same width (not shown). In this example, the material and look-and-feel of the head 2 are the same as that of the measuring band 3, i.e., similar to a measuring tape. In other examples (not shown), the material and / or look and / or feel of the head 2 and the measuring band 3 may be different.

[0061] The head comprises a main section 8 and a tag section 10.

[0062] The main section 8 comprises a display window 7 and fitting means 6.

[0063] The display window 7 relates to a visually transparent portion of the main section, e.g., an opening, that aligns with the measuring band 3, to display the current circumference of the tree and the corresponding class color when the device is in use, i.e., when the device is fitted snugly around a tree (see Example 2).

[0064] The fitting means 6 relate to fitting the device around an object when in use. In this example, as illustrated in Fig. 1 , the fitting means are line-shaped recesses 6a, 6b, 6c extending between circular openings in a direction perpendicular to a main direction of the device being the main direction of the measuring band 3. The line-shaped recesses are adapted in size and shape for receiving the wedge-shaped section 5 and further portions of the measuring band 3 while in use. Particularly, size and shape are adapted for ensuring that the device fits snugly around an object such as a tree when in use, while still allowing growth of the object (tree) without the device breaking or coming loose. This amounts to a fitting that is sliding (to prevent breaking) yet with adequate mechanical resistance (to not have the device fall off). To tighten the device, the wedge-shaped section 5 is slid over and under portions of the main section 8 and through the recesses 6a, 6b, 6c, as it were with a belt buckle. The fit of the measuring band 3 on the one hand and the recesses on the other ensure correct securing when the label is attached around a tree trunk. To promote security, the measuring band 3 can also be provided with teeth at the top and bottom, whether or not over the entire length of the measuring band.

[0065] How the fit works may further be further understood from Figures 3 and 4 of Example 2, where the device is illustrated when in use.

[0066] The head 2 furthermore comprises a tag section 10 comprising a tag region 1 1 suitable for having a tag provided on or within the tag section. In this example, the tag section and tag section have essentially the same thickness and are made of the same material, wherein the tag section is provided as an extension of the main section. In this example the shape of the head is not convex, with a narrowing 9 extending between the main section and the tag section. In other examples (not shown) the head is convex-shaped and / or without narrowing, wherein the main section and the tag section relate to zones on a common convex-shaped portion of the device.

[0067] In this example, the tag section 10 is adapted for having a visual tag or a surface-mounted RFID chip or other type of tag attached to its tag region 11 ; in other examples (not shown) it may relate to a tag section that is adapted for having an RFID chip or other type of tag provided extending at least partially within the tag section. The visual tag may relate to a sticker of other means to carry a computer-readable code, such as a QR code or other type of 1 D or 2D barcode. The visual tag may equally relate to a human-readable identification, such as a character string, a serial number, or a URL, for instance a URL associated with a unique ID associated with the device and / or with the tree to which the device is fit. The RFID chip may relate to an electronics device. The tag contains, through visual means (visual tag) and / or wireless communication means (RFID chip), unique identification information for each tree. Additionally, in this example, the tag contains further data relating to human-readable codes.

[0068] The device (label) is designed to fit snugly around the tree trunk, adjusting as the tree grows. As the tree’s circumference increases, the measuring band slides through the head so that the circumference defined by the device increases, while the color-coded region(s) visible through the display window show(s) the updated class color and circumference.

[0069] By providing the narrowing 9, the automated read-out of the tag may be improved. This is particularly true if the tag region 1 1 contains a visual tag, like a QR code. This may be understood from following reasoning. When attaching the label around a tree trunk, the intention is for the label to fit as closely as possible to the trunk - in order to obtain a correct measurement. So, both the head 2 and the measuring band are flexible. To promote proper reading of the visual tag, it is desirable to keep the tag section 10 bearing the code as flat as possible. The advantage of the narrowing 9 is that the tag section 10 is prevented from bending along with the main section. The narrowing 9 mitigates this effect, leading to improved read-out of visual tags. The narrowing may also be advantageous in examples including an RFID chip, as also for such tag it may be desirable to avoid bending as much as possible, by keeping the tag section 10 as flat as possible.

[0070] In this example, the measuring band is marked with millimeter measurements and divided into color-coded regions. Each region represents a circumference class, aiding in easy identification of the tree’s size category.

[0071] In this example, the display window 7 is provided on the head 2, particularly the main section 8 of the head, and may relate to any means for visual indication of a position (or window) with respect to the measuring band 3. As the measuring band 3 slides through or along the window, the window indicates a position with respect to the measuring band by displaying the circumference of the tree at its center, along with the corresponding class color. The identification of the center is thereby indicated by the geometry of the window itself, but also by means of a pair of arrow heads centrally positioned at opposite sides of the window and pointing inwardly, as illustrated in Fig. 1. In other examples (not shown), the identification may relate to only the window geometry. In other examples (not shown), the identification may relate to at least one or both of the arrow heads being present, without relying on window geometry, e.g., in examples where the window is not provided centered.

[0072] In this example, the device 1 is constructed to maintain a tight fit on the tree trunk, accommodating growth without slipping or damaging the tree.

[0073] In variants of this example, the device includes the tag. This is illustrated, e.g., by Figures 3 and 4 of Example 2. Having the tag integrated (whether QR code and / or RFID chip and / or other) enables precise detection of the measuring window’s position, scale, and orientation. The tag includes a unique ID for each tree and can contain additional data like species, age, measurement data (such as the inferred circumference) or other data to comply with the governmental tree passport requirements. This may relate, e.g., to a QR code that creates a link with an online resource (e.g., via a URL) where the additional data may be found. Additionally, or complementary, it may relate to a tag comprising a chip, e.g., an RFID chip, which may locally store, e.g., the unique ID. In embodiments, the chip may furthermore store at least part of the additional information or all the additional information.

[0074] The device of this example allows a worker, using a smartphone or tablet, to easily capture an image of the device. In examples, this may relate to a camera / compute module mountable on any existing vehicle, allowing for continuous measuring while passing the scenery (e.g., multiple trees). The image may then be processed by software to determine the tree’s class color and size by analyzing the color and position of the measuring window in the image. In this example, this relates to several steps. One step relates to detecting the position and size (and, related, orientation) of a visual tag (QR tag), along with the ID embedded in the tag, a task for which software packages are available. In a next step, the known dimensions of the device can be used to determine a position of the display window 7 relative to the visual tag. This may relate to an image with direction x and y, where the position relates a number of pixels in x-direction and y-direction relative to the tag to find the center of the window. In yet another step, this may relate to determining, for pixels belonging to the window, what visually-coded region information is available, particularly what color(s) is / are visible.

[0075] In this example, a passive RFID chip with an attached sensor is incorporated. This sensor, sensitive to light or color changes, can provide additional data when scanned with an RFID reader. This is related to a set-up wherein a sensor is connected to the RFID chip that can read and return the color. Such set-up is enabled by RFID chips which allow to read an additional input and transmit its status. This input can then be fed by the induced current, to then read out the color and then send this information back.

[0076] In this example, the device includes a color calibration area. This ensures accuracy under different lighting conditions.

[0077] The device of this example is intended and suitable to be combined with software, wherein a worker, using a smartphone or tablet, captures an image of the device. The image may then be processed by software to determine the tree’s class color and size by analyzing the color and position of the measuring window in the image. This involves a dedicated software application for interpreting the data from the images and / or RFID scans. This software can calculate the precise circumference from the color and encoded circumference displayed in the measuring window. Preferably this is combined with an integrated database system allowing for efficient logging and tracking of each tree’s growth and classification, facilitating inventory management and decisionmaking processes. Thereby, preferably, the system is able to generate reports and analytics, providing valuable insights into growth trends, health status, and inventory levels.

[0078] The device of this example may advantageously provide automated measurement and classification. The label automatically updates the class color as the tree grows, eliminating the need for manual re-measurement and re-classification.

[0079] Furthermore, the device may provide ease of inventory management. With the inclusion of a machine-readable code (e.g., QR code) and / or RFID chip, the system simplifies inventory management. A photo taken with a smartphone or tablet can automatically log the tree’s circumference class and unique ID into a database. With visible color coding, workers can quickly identify and select trees for sale or further processing.

[0080] Third, the device may provide enhanced accuracy and consistency. The device reduces human error in measurement and logging and allows for more frequent updates on tree growth. The system may offer more consistent and accurate measurements compared to manual methods.

[0081] Also, the device may provide efficiency in harvesting. Having a visible class color on each tree simplifies the selection process during harvesting. This may lead to reduced Labor and time, significantly reducing the manual labour involved in measuring and logging tree sizes, which is particularly beneficial for large nurseries.

[0082] Furthermore, the device enables data analytics and monitoring. The system enables detailed analytics and monitoring of properties over time, like tree growth and health among others. The integration of a tag (QR code(s) and / or RFID chip(s)) allows for advanced data analytics, improving inventory management and offering insights into tree growth patterns and health.

[0083] Also, the device enables tracking circumference through images, whereby taking pictures of the labels allows for the capture of supplementary information like environmental conditions, tree appearance, and growth data, further enriching the database.

[0084] Moving to Fig. 2, Fig. 2A illustrates plain visually-coded regions 4a, 4b as used in Fig. 1. Thereby, region 4a may relate to visual coding (e.g., the color blue) of one class, whereas region 4b may relate to visual coding (e.g., the color white) of another class.

[0085] In variant examples illustrated in Fig. 2B, visually-coded regions 4a', 4b' may be similar to those of Fig. 2A yet additionally provided with a marking provided at an angle. Such marking may enable to determine circumference with mm accuracy, with or without taking into account circumference class (e.g., by determining class only after having determined circumference), e.g., by determining some height-related feature (e.g., the height) of the marking within the display window. This may relate to a marking extending over a single region (in embodiments where the measuring band is provided with only one region; not shown) or to a region-crossing marking 12 provided at an angle (shown in Fig. 2B). The marking 12 may be a line (as shown) but may relate to other shapes or textures that can be provided so that an angle, i.e. something that varies over the length of the measuring band, can be detected. The line may thereby provide a means to improve circumference measurement accuracy. Additionally, or alternatively, the line may thereby provide a means to detect and resolve ambiguities due to repetitions in the visual coding (such as repeating colors in the color scheme, in embodiments with two or more regions), by having an additional parameter (e.g., a height-related parameter within the display window) that is indicative of the total circumference.

[0086] In other variant examples illustrated in Fig. 2C, the visually-coded regions 4a", 4b" may again be similar to those of Fig. 2A yet additionally provided with a coding subregion 13. Such coding subregion may enable to determine circumference with mm accuracy, with or without taking into account circumference class (e.g., by determining class only after having determined circumference). This may, e.g., relate to determining some vertical-position-related feature, such as the horizontal position, within the display window, of a line or a line length or an intersection of lines provided in the coding subregion. This may provide means to determine circumference with mm accuracy. Additionally, or alternatively, this may, similar to marking 12, constitute means todetect and resolve ambiguities due to repetitions in the visual coding (such as, in embodiments with two or more color regions, repeating colors in the color scheme). In this example, the subregion has a fixed height across regions yet comprises a row 14 and a row 15 which have different heights for different regions, again providing an additional parameter that is indicative of the total circumference.

[0087] Example 2: example device and method according to the invention

[0088] Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 illustrates various embodiments of the device 1 and method according to the invention, wherein the tag region 11 is either provided with a tag relating to a QR-code 16 (Fig. 3) or with a tag relating to an RFID chip 17 (Fig. 4).

[0089] The device of this example is essentially the same as Example 1 , except that the color- coded regions 4a-4f of Example 1 are depicted in another sequence, with color-coded regions 4a'- 4c'. This merely relates to a variance for illustration purposes, without any actual difference between the device 1 of Example 2 and the device 1 of Example 1 being intended.

[0090] In contrast to Example 1 , the device 1 is now shown in a position as it is used, i.e., fitted snugly around a tree 18, relating to a living tree that is growing and being monitored. The ringed cross section at the top of the tree hence merely relates to illustration purposes, with the Example relating to a tree that is intact (not cut off at the top).

[0091] The method illustrated by Fig. 3 relates to a worker who, using a smartphone or tablet, captures an image of the device. The image is then be processed by software to determine the tree’s class coIor and size by analyzing the coIor and position of the measuring window in the image. This method relates to several steps 1-5.

[0092] 1. Take picture

[0093] 2. Find code (ID, (x,y) + orientation)

[0094] 3. Infer WINDOW location (know Delta)

[0095] 4. Analyze data in WINDOW

[0096] 5. Infer growth information.

[0097] An extra step "4.1" may be introduced wherein data outside of the window is analyzed. This allows taking pictures of the labels allows for the capture of supplementary information like environmental conditions, tree appearance, and growth data, further enriching the database.

[0098] Step "2." relates to detecting both the position and size (and, related, orientation) of a visual tag (QR tag), as well as the ID embedded in the tag, a task for which software packages are available. In practice, this may relate to identification of (x, y) coordinates of a reference point of the tag (center, or some corner), along with an orientation (horizontal or vertical reference), along with the ID.

[0099] Step "3." relates to inferring, based on the information of step "2." and a known Delta associated with the device, the position of the window. The Delta thereby provides the position of a reference point on the window (e.g., the center) with respect to a reference point on the tag (e.g., the center). In an example, for an image with direction x and y, the Delta relates a number of pixels in x-direction and y-direction relative to the tag to find the center of the window.

[0100] Step "3." may be done without visually detecting the window on the image (entirely relying on the data of step "2." and the known Delta) but may also be supplemented with visual detecting of the window based on the pixel information of the image.

[0101] Step "4." relates to determining, for pixels belonging to the window, what visually-coded region information is available, particularly what color(s) is / are visible.

[0102] Step "5." relates to inferring, based on the detected colors, the growth information.

[0103] The method illustrated by Fig. 4, on the other hand, relates to a worker who, using a smartphone or tablet, interacts with the RFID chip provided on the device. This again serves to determine the tree’s class color and size by analyzing the color and position of the measuring window in the image, either based on the RFID chip alone, or in combination with detection of a visual tag by means of an image. The method illustrated by Fig. 4 relates to steps 1-3.

[0104] 1. Scan RFID code

[0105] 2. RFID chip reads growth info via sensor

[0106] 3. RFID responds with growth info.

[0107] Example 3: example with same device and alternative use configurations

[0108] As mentioned for Example 1 , the device 1 comprises line-shaped recesses 6a, 6b, 6c which are adapted in size and shape for receiving the wedge-shaped section 5 and further portions of the measuring band 3 while in use. This allows fitting that is sliding (to prevent breaking) yet with adequate mechanical resistance (to not have the device fall off). As illustrated by Figures 3 and 4 of Example 2, to tighten the device, the wedge-shaped section 5 may be slid "over and under" portions of the main section 8 and through the recesses 6a, 6b, 6c. Particularly, Figures 3 and 4 illustrate use of the device with sliding of the wedge-shaped section 5 "over and under" according to following first sliding configuration:- sliding over portions of the head extending from the outer end of the device toward recess 6a; followed by- sliding under portions extending between recess 6a and recess 6b (and thus, with the window 7 being provided over further portions of the device), followed by- sliding over portions extending between recess 6b and recess 6c, followed by- sliding under portions extending from recess 6c toward the measuring band 3.

[0109] In contrast, Example 3 considers a use of the same device 1 according to an alternative configuration being a second configuration:- sliding under portions of the head extending from the outer end of the device toward recess 6a; followed by- sliding over portions extending between recess 6a and recess 6b (and thus, with the window 7 being provided under further portions of the device), followed by- sliding under portions extending between recess 6b and recess 6c, followed by- sliding over portions extending from recess 6c toward the measuring band 3.

[0110] While this second configuration is not illustrated separately, it may easily be understood from Fig. 1 that the device 1 may be used according to any of the first configuration and the second configuration. This may be compared to the use described in NL8900774A by Fig. 5,which is similar to the second configuration, yet with the key difference that no tag region is provided.

[0111] Example 4: second example device, method and system according to the invention

[0112] This example concerns a second example embodiment T of a device according to the invention, suitable to streamline the process of measuring, logging, and classifying tree circumferences in tree nurseries and related sectors. It is illustrated by Fig. 5.

[0113] Reference numerals 1 , 2, 3, 4a-4d, 5, 6a-6c of device 1 respectively correspond to T, 2', 3', 4a'-4d', 5', 6a'-6c' of device 1 ', bearing respective same names. The visually-coded regions 4a"- 4d" relate to respective repetitions of visually-coded regions 4a' - 4d'. This repetition may relate to a common colouring convention in the domain using (e.g.) the colors blue, yellow, red and white.

[0114] Just like device 1 , device T comprises a measuring band 3' and a head 2'. The measuring band 3' has one or more visually-coded regions 4a'-4d', 4a"-4d" on its surface. The head 2' has a display window 7' and fitting means 6a', 6b', 6c' to receive portions of the measuring band 3', allowing the device 1 ' to snugly fit around an object with an increasing circumference while showing a portion of the measuring band 3' through the window 7'. The head 2' also has a tag section, in this case the head itself. It comprises a tag region 19 for carrying a tag. The device 1 ' may have (not shown) a visual tag and / or an RFID tag provided at the tag section 19.

[0115] Near the outer end of the head 8', a print region 20 is provided. This may serve to print, e.g., the code that is embedded, directly (verbatim match) or indirectly (e.g., in the form of a URL) in the tag provided in the tag region 19.

[0116] The measurement band 3' is provided with teeth 21 , for ensuring a better and resistive grip during the fitting.

[0117] The measurement band 3' comprises a region-crossing marking 22. As opposed to the region-crossing marking 12 illustrated by Fig. 2B, this region-crossing marking is not provided at a particular angle. Rather, marking 22 is intended to "disambiguate" respective regions 4a'-4d' from regions 4a"-4d". Indeed, as regions 4a and 4a' may have the same color (according to a popular color-coding convention involving only four color), it may be useful to distinguish between a region not having the marking 22, being 4a', and a region having the marking 22, being 4a". This may enhance the automated determining of circumference.

[0118] The fitting means 6a', 6b', 6c' correspond to recesses, where a recess 6a' nearer the outer end of the head has a larger length than a recess 6b' further from the outer end of the head. This may have the advantage of a snugger fit.

[0119] The tag section and its tag region 19 are on a main section 8' of the head 2'. The tag region 19 is on portions of the head extending from the outer end of the head 2' toward a first fitting means 6a, 6a'. The distance between the tag region 19 and the display window 7' is less than 40 mm. This has the advantage that it increases the chance that identification based on the tag and processing of data from the display window may be done based on a same single image. The tag region 19 and the display window 7' are essentially centered with respect to a common axis 23 along which the measuring band 3' extends, with the common axis 23 preferably centered with respect to themeasuring band 3'. This may also increase the chance that identification based on the tag and processing of data from the display window may be done based on a same single image.

[0120] The example method related to device T comprises taking a picture of the device T snugly fit around an object with a circumference to be measured, finding a visual tag on the device, determining an ID from the visual tag, inferring the position of a display window, analyzing data visible in the display window related to visually-coded regions, and inferring the circumference from the data.

[0121] The (closed) display window 7' is different from the (open) display window 7, this relates to the fact that device 1 of Figure 1 is adapted for use according to the first configuration, with the (open) window covering portions of the measuring band 3. In contrast, the device T is adapted for use according to the second configuration, with the (closed) display window being partially covered by portions of the measurement band. Particularly, in the displayed example, the display window T comprised a black square frame zone surrounding a white square central zone. When used according to the second configuration, the white square zone is entirely covered by the measurement band 3'.

[0122] The device 1 ' is adapted for being used according to the second configuration. To attain a snug fit, the recess 6a' has larger length than each of the recesses 6b' and 6c'. The inventors have found that such difference in length may allow for easier insertion of the measurement band 3' and / or a snugger fit and / or a more fitting movement under changes of the circumference measured. However, it is noted that the device T may also be used according to the first configuration. Also in such a case, said difference in length may allow for easier insertion of the measurement band 3' and / or a snugger fit and / or a more fitting movement. Such length difference is not provided by NL8900774A, see Fig. 5; the inventors have found that the fit of device T may be better than that of a device according to Fig. 5 of NL8900774A.

[0123] (End of example 4)

[0124] In the above, several examples are given wherein the device is applied for tracking circumference of trees. Overall, the invention may be useful for any of tree nurseries, forestry, and arboriculture sectors where frequent and accurate measurement of tree sizes is essential. Thereby, the device may be easily adapted in dimensions and / or shape to suit different tree species, climates, and nursery sizes. The invention is thereby adjustable for changing conditions such as tree growth, allowing for expansion as the tree grows, ensuring the label remains functional over extended periods. Furthermore, in the above, the invention is described with reference to a measuring band provided with one or more visually-coded regions at its surface, whereby the region(s) being visible in the display window may serve as measurement of a dimension (such as circumference). However, embodiments of the invention wherein the measurement relates, either alternatively, or additionally, to non-visual coding, equally fall under the scope and are considered disclosed as well. For instance, the measurement may relate to visual detection of the coding by a vision means (e.g., a camera) comprised in the device followed by conversion into an electronic signal which is transmitted, e.g., via RFID, whereby the visual coding may not be visible outside the device (with, e.g. the RFID channel as only output means). In other examples, the measurement band may beprovided, either in addition to or instead of the one or more visually-coded regions, with a strain gauge or similar strain measurement means, wherein the measurement may relate to a strain sensor, and whereby the obtained measurement may be provided to the user through any of a data transmission means (e.g., RFID chip) and / or a data visualisation means (e.g., an LCD display). Such embodiments relate to alternatives which are equally disclosed herewith.

[0125] In the above, reference is made to tags relating to QR code or RFID. These are just some of many variant embodiments of the invention. With this disclosure, any type of tree label is disclosed wherein a combination of a display window and bar / QR / RFID / NFC....-code is used. Preferably, the information visible in the display window is digitized by for instance a camera and the identification takes place through the bar / QR / RFID / NFC...-code, preferably by means of a sensor comprised in the same device that also comprises the camera.

Claims

Claims1. A device (1 ; 1') comprising:- a measuring band (3; 3'); and- a head (2; 2'); the measuring band (3; 3') being provided with one or more visually-coded regions at its surface; the head (2; 2') comprising a display window (7; 7') and fitting means (6a, 6b, 6c; 6a', 6b', 6c') for receiving portions of the measuring band (3; 3') such that the device (1 ; 1 ') may be snugly fit around an object having an increasing circumference while showing a portion of the measuring band (3; 3') through the window (7; 7'); the head (2; 2') further comprising a tag section (10; 8') comprising a tag region (11 ; 19) for carrying a tag.

2. The device (1 ; T) of claim 1 , wherein the device further comprises a tag, the tag relating to a visual tag and / or an RFID tag provided at the tag section (11 ; 19).

3. The device (1 ; T) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fitting means (6a, 6b, 6c; 6a', 6b', 6c') correspond to recesses, and wherein a length of a recess (6a') nearer to the outer end of the head is larger than a length of a recess (6b') further removed from the outer end of the head.

4. The device (T) of claims 1-3, wherein the tag section and its tag region (19) are provided on a main section (8') of the head (2').

5. The device (T) of claim 4, wherein the tag region (19) is provided on portions of the head extending between the outer end of the head (2') toward a first one (6a; 6a') of the fitting means (6a, 6b, 6c; 6a', 6b', 6c').

6. The device (T) of claims 4 or 5, wherein a distance between the tag region (19) and the display window (7') is less than 40 mm, preferably less than 20 mm.

7. The device (T) of claim 6, wherein the tag region (19) and the display window (7') are essentially centered with respect to a common axis (23) being an axis along which the measuring band (3') extends, said common axis (23) preferably being centered with respect to the measurement band (3').

8. The device (1 ) of claims 1-3, wherein the head (2) comprises the tag section (10) and a main section (8), with a narrowing (9) extending therebetween.

9. The device (1 ; T) of claims 2-8, wherein the tag includes a unique ID for a tree associated with the device, and wherein the unique ID is associated with tree-related data including at leastthe species and measurement data relating to the circumference of the tree and inferred from analyzing data visible in said display window and relating to the one or more visually-coded regions, preferably wherein the tree-related data further includes data to comply with the governmental tree passport requirements.

10. The device of claim 9, wherein the tree-related data is available at least partly via a link with an online resource, preferably a URL, where the additional data may be found.

11. The device of claims 9-10, wherein the tag comprises a chip, preferably an RFID chip, wherein the chip comprises at least the unique ID, and wherein preferably the chip further comprises at least part of the tree-related data.

12. A method comprising the steps of: taking a picture of a device snugly fit around an object, preferably a tree, having a circumference to be measured; determining, from a tag comprised in the device, a unique ID associated with the object; inferring the position of a display window; analyzing data visible in said display window and relating to one or more visually-coded regions; inferring the circumference from said data; wherein the device comprises a measuring band and a head; wherein the measuring band is provided with said visually-coded regions at its surface; wherein the head (2, 2') comprises the display window (7, 7') and fitting means (6a, 6b, 6c; 6a', 6b', 6c') for receiving portions of the measuring band (3, 3') relating to said being snugly fit; wherein the head (2, 2') further comprises a tag section (10) comprising a tag region (11 , 19) wherein the tag (16, 17) is provided.

13. Method of claim 12, wherein the determining further comprises determining a position, size and orientation of the tag; and wherein the inferring of the position of the display window is based on said position, size and orientation of the tag and a predetermined relative position.

14. Method of claim 12 or 13, wherein the tag comprises a chip, preferably an RFID chip, wherein the chip comprises at least the unique ID, and wherein the method comprises the further step of: storing the inferred circumference on said chip.

15. A system comprising the device of any of claims 1-11 and a further device comprising a processor and a camera and configured to carry out the method of claims 12-14.

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