Method for parameter tuning for equalizer, apparatus and system

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a method for parameter tuning for an equalizer, an apparatus and a system. The method comprises: downsampling a first parameter to obtain first downsampled data of the first parameter; according to the first downsampled data and first quality information in electric signals in a PHY, determining a first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the first-generation tuning value being used for configuring the equalizer; according to the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter and a first offset range of the first parameter, obtaining first candidate data of the first parameter; and, according to the first candidate data and second quality information in the electric signals in the PHY, determining a second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the second-generation tuning value being used for updating the first-generation tuning value, so as to configure the equalizer. Thus, with the quality of corresponding electric signals as a basis, the tuning result of joint tuning of all equalization parameters to be configured can be determined simply by performing a small number of scans on fewer parameters, thereby achieving rapid and convenient joint tuning of equalization parameters.

Description

Method, device and system for tuning parameters of an equalizer

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on February 8, 2024, with application number 202410179132.9 and invention name “A method, device and system for tuning parameters of an equalizer”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a method, device and system for tuning parameters of an equalizer. Background Art

[0003] For some high-speed interconnection scenarios, the communication system needs to configure the parameters of the equalizer to achieve better balancing effects in the communication system. Since the parameters of the equalizers to be configured in the communication system are coupled with each other, joint tuning is required to obtain the values ​​of each parameter for better balancing effects. Currently, the joint tuning process requires a full scan (also known as a brute force scan) of the parameters to be configured to obtain a tuning result that achieves better balancing effects. However, as the number of parameters of the equalizers to be configured continues to increase, the full scan joint tuning method requires more computing resources and processing time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, the present application provides a method, device and system for tuning the parameters of an equalizer, which can not only converge quickly but also consume less computing resources when jointly tuning multiple parameters to be configured of the equalizer.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for tuning parameters of an equalizer, wherein the equalizer belongs to a communication system, and the communication system may include a physical layer (PHY). The method can be applied to the PHY. The method may include, for example: first, downsampling a first parameter to obtain first downsampled data of the first parameter; determining a first-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first downsampled data and first quality information of an electrical signal in the PHY, wherein the first parameter belongs to a first parameter set, which is an important parameter set among parameters of the equalizer; the first quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first downsampled data; and the first-generation tuning value is used to configure the equalizer; then, based on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter and a first deviation range of the first parameter, obtaining first candidate data for the first parameter; and determining, based on the first candidate data and second quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, a second-generation tuning value for the first parameter, wherein the first candidate data is a number of values ​​of the first parameter corresponding to the first deviation range, centered around the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter; the second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first candidate data; and the second-generation tuning value is used to update the first-generation tuning value to configure the equalizer. In this way, the second-generation tuning values ​​of each parameter in the important parameter set are obtained, and the corresponding parameters in the equalizer are configured with the second-generation tuning values. There is no need to perform a full traversal scan of all the equalization parameters to be configured. Only the important parameters in the configured equalization parameters need to be downsampled and deviation tuned. By scanning fewer parameters a small number of times and taking the quality of the corresponding electrical signals as the basis, the tuning results of the joint tuning of all the equalization parameters to be configured can be determined, thereby realizing fast and convenient joint tuning of the equalization parameters.

[0006] In one possible implementation, if the first parameter set also includes a second parameter, the method may further include: first, downsampling the second parameter to obtain second downsampled data of the second parameter, and determining a first-generation tuning value for the second parameter based on the first downsampled data, the second downsampled data, and the first quality information. Then, the PHY determines the first-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first downsampled data and the first quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, which may include: determining the first-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first downsampled data, the second downsampled data, and the first quality information. It can be seen that by performing first-generation tuning on important parameters together through downsampling, it is possible to quickly lock in more reasonable values ​​for important parameters with a smaller number of scans.

[0007] In one possible implementation, if the first parameter set also includes a second parameter, the method may further include: first, obtaining second candidate data for the second parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter and the second deviation range of the second parameter, and determining the second-generation tuning value of the second parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the second candidate data, and second quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, wherein the second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the second candidate data, and the second candidate data is a number of values ​​of the second parameter centered on the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter and corresponding to the second deviation range. In this way, by scanning each parameter in the first parameter set one by one, further tuning values ​​for each parameter are determined, and the final tuning result of the equalization parameter is quickly obtained with fewer scans.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the method may further include: the PHY grouping the multiple parameters to be configured of the equalizer based on their impact on equalization performance in the communication system to obtain multiple parameter sets, where the multiple parameter sets include a first parameter set. As an example, the multiple parameter sets may further include a second parameter set, where the second parameter set is a set of non-critical parameters of the equalizer.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the second parameter set may include a third parameter. Then, after the PHY determines the first-generation tuning value of each parameter (including the first parameter) in the first parameter set, the method may further include: the PHY performs first-generation tuning on each parameter in the second parameter set to obtain the first-generation tuning value of each parameter in the second parameter set, thereby performing second-generation tuning on each parameter in the first parameter set based on the first-generation tuning value of each parameter in the first parameter set and the second parameter set. As an example, the PHY performs first-generation tuning on each parameter in the second parameter set to obtain the first-generation tuning value of each parameter in the second parameter set may include: the PHY downsamples the third parameter to obtain third downsampled data of the third parameter; and determines the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the third downsampled data, and third quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, wherein the third quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third downsampled data. In this way, the PHY in the communication system can perform first-generation tuning on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, perform first-generation tuning on unimportant parameters belonging to an unimportant parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, and perform several second-generation tunings on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, to obtain tuning results when the tuning cutoff conditions are met. The equalization parameters in the communication system are configured based on the tuning results, and there is no need to perform a full traversal scan of all the equalization parameters to be configured. Only important parameters among the equalization parameters to be configured, unimportant parameters, and deviation tuning are performed on important parameters. By scanning a small number of parameters a small number of times and taking the quality of the corresponding electrical signals as a basis, the tuning results of the joint tuning of all the equalization parameters to be configured can be determined, thereby achieving fast and convenient joint tuning of the equalization parameters.

[0010] As an example, after the PHY determines the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the method may further include: the PHY obtaining third candidate data for the third parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter and a third deviation range of the third parameter, and determining the second-generation tuning value of the third parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the third candidate data, and fourth quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY. The third candidate data is a number of values ​​of the third parameter corresponding to the third deviation range, centered around the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter, and the fourth quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third candidate data. In this way, the PHY in the communication system can perform first-generation tuning on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, perform first-generation tuning on unimportant parameters belonging to an unimportant parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, perform several second-generation tunings on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set, and perform several second-generation tunings on unimportant parameters belonging to an unimportant parameter set, to obtain tuning results when the tuning cutoff conditions are met, and configure the equalization parameters in the communication system based on the tuning results. There is no need to perform a full traversal scan of all the equalization parameters to be configured, downsample the important parameters among the equalization parameters to be configured, downsample the unimportant parameters, perform deviation tuning on the important parameters, and perform deviation tuning on the unimportant parameters. By scanning a small number of parameters a small number of times and taking the quality of the corresponding electrical signals as the basis, the tuning results of the joint tuning of all the equalization parameters to be configured can be determined, thereby achieving fast and convenient joint tuning of the equalization parameters.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the method may further include: after tuning, determining whether a tuning cutoff condition is met; if the tuning cutoff condition is met, determining a tuning result based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, and configuring the equalizer based on the tuning result; if not, performing the next round of second-generation tuning (hereinafter referred to as third-generation tuning, fourth-generation tuning, etc.). The tuning cutoff condition may include at least one of the following conditions: the number of tuning generations is equal to a preset number of times; or the difference between the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the current generation tuning and the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the previous generation tuning is less than a preset difference threshold; or the tuning value corresponding to the current generation tuning is equal to the tuning value of the corresponding parameter obtained in the previous generation tuning.

[0012] As an example, if the tuning cutoff condition is not met, the method may further include: the PHY obtains fourth candidate data of the first parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter and the fourth deviation range of the first parameter, and determines the third-generation tuning value of the first parameter based on the fourth candidate data and the fifth quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY. The fourth candidate data is a number of values ​​of the first parameter corresponding to the fourth deviation range, centered on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the fifth quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the fourth candidate data, and the third-generation tuning value is used to update the second-generation tuning value to configure the equalizer. It can be seen that after downsampling, the parameters in the important parameter set are optimized one by one for at least one generation, and multiple equalization parameters with a coupling relationship to be configured can be quickly converged to the global optimum with a smaller number of scans, thereby improving the tuning efficiency of the equalization parameters.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the quality information is reflected by the value of at least one of the following indicators: bit error rate (BER), signal-noise ratio (SNR), symbol error rate (SER), extinction ratio (ER), or transmitter dispersion eye closure penalty (TDECQ).

[0014] In one possible implementation, a communication system may include a signal transmission link from a first device to a second device via a first module and a second module. The first parameter is an equalization parameter to be configured on the signal transmission link. As an example, the first module and the second module may both be linear direct-drive optical modules.

[0015] In another possible implementation, the first parameter may also be a tap coefficient of a multi-tap equalizer in a communication system. As an example, the communication system may be a communication system in a high-speed interconnection scenario of 224G or higher.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the PHY that executes the method may belong to any device in the communication system, for example, it may belong to a sending device on a signal transmission link in the communication system, or it may belong to a receiving device on the signal transmission link.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the PHY that executes the method may include firmware or main control board control software, and the method is specifically executed by the firmware or main control board control software.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the equalizer in the present application may include a continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE) and / or a feed forward equalizer (FFE).

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a device for tuning parameters of an equalizer, wherein the equalizer belongs to a communication system, the communication system may include a physical physical layer (PHY), and the device may be applied to the PHY. The device may include: a first downsampling unit, a first tuning unit, a first candidate unit, and a second tuning unit. Among them, the first downsampling unit is used to downsample the first parameter to obtain first downsampled data of the first parameter, the first parameter belongs to a first parameter set, and the first parameter set is an important parameter set among the parameters of the equalizer; the first tuning unit is used to determine a first-generation tuning value of the first parameter based on the first downsampled data and first quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, the first quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first downsampled data, and the first-generation tuning value is used to configure the equalizer; the first candidate unit is used to obtain first candidate data of the first parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter and a first deviation range of the first parameter, the first candidate data being values ​​of the first parameter centered on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter and a number corresponding to the first deviation range; the second tuning unit is used to determine a second-generation tuning value of the first parameter based on the first candidate data and second quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, the second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first candidate data, and the second-generation tuning value is used to update the first-generation tuning value to configure the equalizer.

[0020] In one possible implementation, if the first parameter set also includes a second parameter, the apparatus may further include: a second downsampling unit and a third tuning unit. The second downsampling unit is configured to downsample the second parameter to obtain second downsampled data for the second parameter; and the third tuning unit is configured to determine a first-generation tuning value for the second parameter based on the first downsampled data, the second downsampled data, and the first quality information. The first tuning unit is specifically configured to determine the first-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first downsampled data, the second downsampled data, and the first quality information.

[0021] In one possible implementation, if the first parameter set also includes a second parameter, the device may further include: a second candidate unit and a fourth tuning unit. The second candidate unit is configured to obtain second candidate data for the second parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter and the second deviation range of the second parameter, where the second candidate data is a value of the second parameter centered on the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter and the number of values ​​corresponding to the second deviation range; and the fourth tuning unit is configured to determine the second-generation tuning value of the second parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the second candidate data, and second quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the second candidate data.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the apparatus may further include a grouping unit. The grouping unit is configured to group the multiple parameters to be configured for the equalizer based on their impact on equalization performance in the communication system, thereby obtaining multiple parameter sets, where the multiple parameter sets include a first parameter set. As an example, the multiple parameter sets may further include a second parameter set, which is a set of non-critical parameters of the equalizer.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the second parameter set may include a third parameter, and the apparatus may further include: a third downsampling unit and a fifth tuning unit. The third downsampling unit is configured to, after determining the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, downsample the third parameter to obtain third downsampled data of the third parameter; and the fifth tuning unit is configured to determine the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the third downsampled data, and third quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the third quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third downsampled data.

[0024] As an example, the apparatus may further include: a third candidate unit and a sixth tuning unit. The third candidate unit is configured to, after determining the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, obtain third candidate data for the third parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter and a third deviation range of the third parameter, where the third candidate data is a number of values ​​of the third parameter centered on the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter and corresponding to the third deviation range; and the sixth tuning unit is configured to determine the second-generation tuning value of the third parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the third candidate data, and fourth quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the fourth quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third candidate data.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the apparatus may further include a configuration unit. The configuration unit is configured to determine a tuning result based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter if a tuning cutoff condition is met, and configure the equalizer based on the tuning result. The tuning cutoff condition may include at least one of the following conditions: the number of tuning generations is equal to a preset number; or the difference between the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the current generation of tuning and the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the previous generation of tuning is less than a preset difference threshold; or the tuning value corresponding to the current generation of tuning is equal to the tuning value of the corresponding parameter obtained in the previous generation of tuning.

[0026] As an example, the apparatus may further include: a fourth candidate unit and a seventh tuning unit. The fourth candidate unit is configured to, when the tuning cutoff condition is not met, obtain fourth candidate data for the first parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter and the fourth deviation range of the first parameter, wherein the fourth candidate data is a number of values ​​of the first parameter corresponding to the fourth deviation range, centered around the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter; and the seventh tuning unit is configured to determine a third-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the fourth candidate data and fifth quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, wherein the fifth quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the fourth candidate data, and the third-generation tuning value is used to update the second-generation tuning value to configure the equalizer.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the quality information is reflected by a value of at least one of the following indicators: BER, SNR, SER, ER, or TDECQ.

[0028] In one possible implementation, a communication system may include a signal transmission link from a first device to a second device via a first module and a second module. The first parameter is an equalization parameter to be configured on the signal transmission link. As an example, the first module and the second module may both be linear direct-drive optical modules.

[0029] In another possible implementation, the first parameter may also be a tap coefficient of a multi-tap equalizer in a communication system. As an example, the communication system may be a communication system in a high-speed interconnection scenario of 224G or higher.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the PHY may belong to any device in the communication system, for example, it may belong to a sending device on a signal transmission link in the communication system, or it may belong to a receiving device on the signal transmission link.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the PHY may include firmware or main control board control software.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the equalizer may include CTLE and / or FFE.

[0033] It should be noted that, for the relevant description of the device for tuning the parameters of the equalizer in the second aspect, refer to the corresponding description of the first aspect.

[0034] In a third aspect, the present application provides a communication device, the communication device including a PHY, the PHY belonging to a communication system, the communication system also including an equalizer;

[0035] PHY, used to execute the method provided by the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect to tune the parameters of the equalizer.

[0036] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a communication device, the communication device comprising a memory and a processor;

[0037] a memory for storing instructions;

[0038] The processor is configured to execute the instructions in the memory and perform the method provided by the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0039] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a communication system, which may include a PHY and an equalizer;

[0040] PHY, used to execute the method provided by the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect to tune the parameters of the equalizer.

[0041] In a sixth aspect, the present application further provides a storage medium storing instructions, which, when executed on a processor, implement the method provided in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0042] In a seventh aspect, the present application also provides a program product, which includes a program. When the program runs on a processor, it implements the method provided by the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0043] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a chip comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store instructions, and the processor is used to call and execute the instructions from the memory to implement the method provided in the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0044] In the ninth aspect, the present application also provides a chip comprising a processor and an interface circuit; the interface circuit is used to receive instructions and transmit them to the processor; and the processor is used to execute the method provided in the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional optical module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a linear direct-drive optical module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of an end-to-end communication link in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG4 is a flow chart of a method 100 for tuning parameters of an equalizer according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG5 is a schematic flow chart of an example corresponding to method 100 in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG6 is a flow chart of a method 200 for tuning parameters of an equalizer according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG7 is a flow chart of an example corresponding to method 200 in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG8 is a flow chart of a method 300 for tuning parameters of an equalizer according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG9 is a flow chart of an example corresponding to method 300 in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a multi-tap TX-FFE scenario in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1100 according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1200 according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system 1300 in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] With the continuous improvement of network user demand and the continuous increase in data traffic, the cost, bandwidth density and energy consumption in high-speed interconnected communication systems are also rising rapidly. Saving costs, bandwidth density and reducing power consumption have become the goals to be pursued in the next development of communication systems.

[0059] For example, a traditional optical module (also known as a retimed optical module), as shown in Figure 1, includes at least: an optical digital signal processing (oDSP), a laser driver (Laser DRV), a laser, a photodiode (PD), and a trans-impedance amplifier (TIA). The oDSP consumes significant power, accounting for over 50% of the power consumption of a traditional optical module. Furthermore, the cost of the oDSP is relatively high. This has led to the emergence of linear direct-drive optical modules (also known as linear optical modules). Because linear direct-drive optical modules use a linear optical engine interface to connect to devices, which offers significant advantages in power consumption, cost, and latency, they are likely to be widely used in future high-speed interconnected communication systems. As shown in Figure 2, the linear direct-drive optical module includes at least: Laser DRV, Laser, PD, and TIA. Compared with traditional optical modules, the oDSP is removed from the traditional optical module, and the equalization capability of the oDSP is offloaded to the serializer / deserializer (SerDes) on the proprietary integrated circuit (ASIC) side of the device connected to the linear direct-drive optical module. Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the linear direct-drive optical module can integrate CTLE to compensate for channel damage. Moreover, the SerDes on the ASIC side of the device connected to the linear direct-drive optical module includes FFE, which reduces the BER of the link through stronger equalization performance. There are many equalization parameters to be configured and they are mutually coupled. It is necessary to consider the impact of each equalization parameter on the end-to-end communication link.

[0060] For example, in future 224G+ optoelectronic interconnection technologies, whether using traditional optical modules or linear direct-drive optical modules to connect to devices, the equalization capabilities of the communication system will inevitably need to be greatly improved, and the number of equalization parameters involved will increase significantly. For example, the FFE included in the SerDes on the ASIC side of the device requires more taps to overcome inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by bandwidth limitations. For example, the FFE uses an equalizer with greater than or equal to 15 taps. The more tap coefficients the FFE has, the more coupled equalization parameters must be jointly tuned, and the impact of multiple equalization parameters on the equalizer's equalization performance must be considered.

[0061] As can be seen, in many scenarios, including the two examples above, the number of balancing parameters that require joint tuning continues to increase, and the mutual coupling between these balancing parameters creates a very large configuration solution space. Currently, optimal values ​​for multiple balancing parameters to be configured are determined by performing a full traversal scan of them. However, as the number of balancing parameters to be configured increases, this traversal scan approach leads to a vast solution space, resulting in long optimization times and difficulty in finding the global optimal solution. Furthermore, the computational and storage resources consumed are enormous, making it impossible to quickly tune balancing parameters. Taking the end-to-end communication link connected by the linear direct drive optical module shown in Figure 3 as an example, the modules involved in the equalization function may include: TX-FFE on the SerDes transmitter (Transmitter, TX) of device 1, DRV_CTLE on the linear direct drive optical module 1, PD+TIA on the linear direct drive optical module 2, and RX-CTLE, clock data recovery equalizer (CDR_FFE) and Volterra equalizer (RX_Vol) of RX on the SerDes receiver (Receiver, RX) of device 2. Taking FEE as 3-tap FFE as an example, the equalization parameters to be configured may include: 3 tap coefficients of TX-FFE, 3 equalization parameters of DRV_CTLE, TIA output swing (TIA output Table 1 shows an example of the corresponding solution space for the three equalization parameters (T, A, B, and C) for RX-CTLE (T, A, B, and C), two equalization parameters for CDR_FFE, and three equalization parameters for RX_Vol. The solution space can be expressed as: Q1*Q2*Q3*M1*M2*M3*K3*L1*L2*L3*H1*H2*T1*T2*T3. The total number of solution spaces can reach over 5e11. Assuming that it takes 1 millisecond for a link to evaluate the performance of a set of equalization parameters, it could take up to 15 years to jointly optimize the equalization parameters on this communication link. Therefore, fast and convenient joint optimization of multiple equalization parameters to be configured is an urgent issue to be addressed in the development of high-speed interconnected communication scenarios.

[0062] Table 1

[0063] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for tuning parameters of an equalizer. For a PHY in a communication system to which the equalizer belongs, the parameter tuning process of the equalizer in the communication system may include: first, downsampling parameters in an important parameter set of the equalizer parameters, and obtaining first-generation tuning values ​​for each parameter in the important parameter set based on the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the downsampled data; then, for each parameter in the important parameter set, determining a second-generation tuning value for the parameter based on the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the candidate data from the deviation corresponding to the parameter and the first tuning value of the parameter. In this way, the second-generation tuning values ​​for each parameter in the important parameter set are obtained, and the corresponding parameters in the equalizer are configured using the second-generation tuning values. There is no need to perform a full traversal scan of all equalization parameters to be configured. Only important parameters among the equalization parameters to be configured are downsampled and the deviation is tuned. By scanning a small number of parameters a small number of times and based on the quality of the corresponding electrical signal, the tuning results of the joint tuning of all equalization parameters to be configured can be determined, thereby achieving fast and convenient joint tuning of the equalization parameters.

[0064] In a first possible implementation, the PHY in the communication system may perform first-generation tuning and several rounds of second-generation tuning on only the important parameters belonging to the important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, obtain tuning results when the tuning cutoff condition is met, and configure the equalization parameters in the communication system based on the tuning results. For specific implementations, see the method 100 shown in FIG. 4 and the related descriptions in the example shown in FIG. 5 .

[0065] In a second possible implementation, the PHY in the communication system may perform first-generation tuning on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, perform first-generation tuning on unimportant parameters belonging to an unimportant parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, and perform several rounds of second-generation tuning on important parameters belonging to the important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, obtain a tuning result when a tuning cutoff condition is met, and configure the equalization parameters in the communication system based on the tuning result. For a specific implementation, see the method 200 shown in FIG. 6 and the related description in the example shown in FIG. 7 .

[0066] In a third possible implementation, the PHY in the communication system may perform first-generation tuning on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, perform first-generation tuning on unimportant parameters belonging to an unimportant parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, perform several second-generation tunings on the important parameters belonging to the important parameter set, and perform several second-generation tunings on unimportant parameters belonging to the unimportant parameter set, obtain a tuning result when a tuning cutoff condition is met, and configure the equalization parameters in the communication system based on the tuning result. For specific implementations, see the method 300 shown in FIG. 8 and the related descriptions in the example shown in FIG. 9 .

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the device where the PHY is located (which may also be referred to as a communication device) may be a network device or a terminal device, wherein the network device may be, for example, a switch, a router, or a firewall, and the terminal device may be, for example, an end-side device such as a user host or a vehicle-side host. For the scenario where the equalization parameters on an end-to-end communication link are tuned, the PHY that executes the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a PHY on a sending device or a PHY on a receiving device. Taking the communication link shown in FIG3 as an example, in which device 1 is connected to device 2 through linear direct drive optical module 1 and linear direct drive optical module 2 in sequence, the PHY may be a PHY in device 1 for connecting to linear direct drive optical module 1, or a PHY in device 2 for connecting to linear direct drive optical module 2. Specifically, the PHY that executes the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may include: Firmware or main control board control software, wherein Firmware can be understood as the operating system of SerDes, Firmware is a control software in the PHY chip, and can be deployed in the microcontroller unit (MCU) of SerDes. The functions include: controlling the registers in the equalizer of SerDes, and the Firmware can execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present application; the device where the PHY is located includes a main control board and multiple line cards, the main control board is used to control each line card, and the main control board control software can execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and send the obtained tuning value through the main control board, and use the protocol or other channels to control the PMD layer (that is, the register of SerDes, etc.) to realize the downward configuration of the tuning value.

[0068] It should be noted that before the communication system is put into operation, the tuning and configuration of the parameters to be configured, including the equalization parameters, can be completed through link training to prepare for the operation of the communication system. The method provided in the embodiment of the present application may belong to the link training stage.

[0069] To more clearly introduce the embodiments of the present application, the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific descriptions of the following methods 100, 200, and 300 are all illustrated using the parameter tuning process of the equalizer on the end-to-end communication link shown in Figure 3 as an example. The joint tuning methods for multiple coupled parameters in other scenarios can be referred to in the implementation methods described below.

[0070] Corresponding to the first possible implementation method described above, FIG4 is a flow chart of a method 100 for tuning equalizer parameters provided in an embodiment of the present application. In this method 100, the embodiment of the present application is introduced with the PHY included in the communication system as the execution entity, and the tuned equalizer belongs to the communication system. The PHY can, for example, be the PHY in device 1 or device 2 in the end-to-end communication link shown in FIG3. Alternatively, the method 100 can also be understood as being implemented by the device where the PHY is located, for example, the method 100 can be implemented by device 1 or device 2 in the end-to-end communication link shown in FIG3.

[0071] As shown in FIG4 , the method 100 may include, for example, the following steps S101 to S104 :

[0072] S101 , downsample a first parameter to obtain first downsampled data of the first parameter, where the first parameter belongs to a first parameter set, which is an important parameter set among the parameters of the equalizer.

[0073] S102: Determine a first-generation tuning value for a first parameter based on the first downsampled data and first quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the first quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first downsampled data, and the first-generation tuning value is used to configure the equalizer.

[0074] When there are many equalization parameters to configure, the solution space is extremely large, and a complete traversal scan is undesirable. Therefore, to quickly achieve global optimization of the parameters, the embodiments of the present application first group the equalization parameters to be configured on the end-to-end communication links in the communication system according to their importance. These parameters are then divided into multiple parameter sets, each of which has a different importance. This allows optimization to be performed only on the important parameters, as non-important parameters have a smaller impact on the equalization performance of the communication system. This not only significantly reduces the solution space but also enables rapid convergence on the optimal parameter combination.

[0075] The following description takes the division of the balancing parameters to be configured into two parameter sets—a first parameter set and a second parameter set—as an example, wherein the first parameter set may also be referred to as an important parameter set, and the second parameter set may also be referred to as an unimportant parameter set, and the importance of the parameters in the first parameter set is higher than the importance of the parameters in the second parameter set. It should be noted that if there are more than two parameter sets after the balancing parameters to be configured are divided, then any parameter set other than the first parameter set and the second parameter set may be used as a dividing line, and several parameter sets with a higher importance than the first parameter set may be used as the important parameter set, and the tuning steps for the important parameter set in method 100, method 200, or method 300 may be executed. Several parameter sets with an importance equal to or lower than the first parameter set may be used as the unimportant parameter set, and the tuning steps for the unimportant parameter set in method 100, method 200, or method 300 may be executed.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the importance of a parameter can be understood as the impact of the parameter on the equalization performance of the communication system. If the parameter has a small impact on the equalization performance of the communication system, the parameter is considered to be of low importance, and the parameter can be classified into a non-important parameter set. Conversely, if the parameter has a large impact on the equalization performance of the communication system, the parameter is considered to be of high importance, and the parameter can be classified into an important parameter set. The impact of the parameter on the equalization performance of the communication system can be reflected by the impact of the parameter on the quality information of the optical signal or electrical signal on the end-to-end communication link. The quality information can be reflected by the value of at least one of the following indicators: BER, SNR, SER, ER, or TDECQ, wherein ER and TDECQ can be indicators of test point (TP) 2 (i.e., the optical module output point on the TX side), and the quality information can also be characterized by other TP point indicators in the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.3 or the results of the DSP output on the RX side.

[0077] As an example, grouping the equalization parameters on the end-to-end communication link to be configured in the communication system can be implemented based on the physical characteristics of the communication system. Taking FFE with 5 taps as an example, based on the impulse response (IPR) curve and the principle of FFE, it can be determined that among the tap coefficients of TX-FFE, pre1 and post1 have a greater impact on the equalization performance of the communication system than pre2 and post2. Therefore, pre1 and post1 of TX-FFE can be divided into a first parameter set, and pre2 and post2 of TX-FFE can be divided into a second parameter set. In addition, the value of Main of TX-FFE can be equal to n-|pre1|-|pre2|-|post1|-|post2|), where n is an integer. Therefore, the value of Main can be determined based on the other four tap coefficients. In this embodiment, Main is divided into the second parameter set. In other scenarios, Main can also be flexibly divided as needed. For DRV_CTLE, the boost capability of boost1 to dominate the CTLE high frequency can be determined based on the CTLE response curve. Therefore, boost1 can be divided into the first parameter set, and dc_gain and boost0 can be divided into the second parameter set. TIA OA is the linear output swing of the optical module (the parameter can be expressed as OA). The signal amplitude will directly affect the result of RX signal processing. Therefore, the TIA OA can be divided into the first parameter set. For RX_CTLE, the grouping can refer to DRV_CTLE, boost1 is divided into the first parameter set, and dc_gain and boost0 are divided into the second parameter set. It should be noted that the grouping method in this example is applicable to the grouping of equalization parameters of other types and models.

[0078] As another example, grouping the equalization parameters on the end-to-end communication link to be configured in a communication system can be achieved through simulation and actual measurement of the communication system. The grouping process may include, for example: first, traversing and scanning each equalization parameter in a larger step, observing the quality information (such as BER or SER) of the electrical signal on the RX side under each scanning combination; then, defining the quality threshold of the electrical signal on the RX side, and dividing each equalization parameter into a first parameter set or a second parameter set according to the quality threshold; in this way, through multiple simulations, sorting the quality information of the electrical signal on the RX side corresponding to each equalization parameter scan, finding the corresponding electrical signal quality threshold, and completing the investigation of the importance of the equalization parameters to obtain the final first parameter set and second parameter set.

[0079] For the equalization parameters to be configured on the end-to-end communication link shown in Figure 3, based on the grouping method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the obtained grouping results can be shown in Table 2 below, for example, where the bold parameters are important parameters and belong to the first parameter set.

[0080] Table 2

[0081] In method 100, the first parameter can be understood as a general reference to any parameter in the first parameter set. Therefore, steps S101 to S102 can be understood as: downsampling each parameter in the first parameter set, determining a combination of downsampled data with the best quality based on quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY corresponding to each combination of downsampled data among possible combinations of downsampled data, and using the determined combination of downsampled data as the first-generation tuning value for each first parameter corresponding to the first parameter set. In this way, by performing first-generation tuning on important parameters together through downsampling, it is possible to quickly lock in relatively reasonable values ​​for the important parameters with a reduced number of scans.

[0082] To more clearly describe the implementation of S101 to S102, the implementation of S102 is described below using an example where a first parameter set includes a first parameter (where the first parameter specifically refers to a parameter in the first parameter set) and a second parameter. The method may, for example, include: downsampling the first parameter and the second parameter to obtain first downsampled data of the first parameter and second downsampled data of the second parameter; and determining a first-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first downsampled data, the second downsampled data, and first quality information in an electrical signal in a PHY.

[0083] The first downsampled data may be determined based on the value range of the first parameter and the downsampling step size of the first parameter. For example, if the value range of the first parameter is -20 to 0 and the downsampling step size of the first parameter is 5, then the first downsampled data may be -20, -15, -10, -5, and 0, for a total of five values. Similarly, the second downsampled data may be determined based on the value range of the second parameter and the downsampling step size of the second parameter. For example, if the value range of the second parameter is -10 to 0 and the downsampling step size of the second parameter is 4, then the second downsampled data may be -10, -6, and -2, for a total of three values. It should be noted that the value ranges of the first and second parameters, as well as the downsampling step size, can be flexibly set according to protocol specifications or actual needs and can be the same or different. Furthermore, the downsampling step size of the parameter may be a preset value, a value determined based on quality information, or a value obtained by simply adjusting the preset value based on the quality information (e.g., adding or subtracting a, or multiplying or dividing by b, where a and b can be arbitrary numbers).

[0084] Taking the first parameter set in Table 2 as an example, the down-sampling data of each parameter in the first parameter set can be shown in the following Table 3:

[0085] Table 3

[0086] In Table 3, each parameter's value range and downsampling step are shown below it. For example, "-20:5:0" has a value range of -20 to 0, and a downsampling step of 5. Thus, according to the parameter ranges and downsampling step sizes shown in Table 3, downsampling was performed during the first generation of optimization. The resulting downsampled data were 5, 3, 5, 3, and 5, respectively. Therefore, there are 5*3*5*3*5 = 1125 combinations of downsampled data. For S102, the values ​​of the parameters of the second parameter set can be maintained at the default values, and the values ​​of the parameters of the first parameter set are respectively taken as one of the 1125 combinations of down-sampled data, to obtain quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY corresponding to the 1125 combinations of down-sampled data. Then, a combination of down-sampled data corresponding to the best quality information among the 1125 first quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY is determined as the first-generation tuning value corresponding to each parameter in the first parameter set. For example, pre1=-15, post1=-2, boost1=-5 of DRV_CTLE, OA=0.3, and boost1=-10 of RX_CTLE correspond to the best quality of the electrical signal in the PHY (such as the smallest BER). The first-generation tuning value corresponding to each parameter in the first parameter set is determined as shown in Table 4 below:

[0087] Table 4

[0088] In this way, the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter can be configured on the equalizer. In the subsequent tuning process, the value of each first parameter in the first parameter set in the equalizer is the corresponding first-generation tuning value, and the subsequent tuning is completed on this basis. It should be noted that if the first parameter set is configured according to the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter and the tuning cutoff condition is met, the subsequent tuning process including S103 to S104 can no longer be executed, and the configuration on the equalizer at this time is used as the tuning result of this time; if the tuning cutoff condition is not met, then continue to perform at least one subsequent further tuning. The tuning cutoff condition can be seen in the explanation below.

[0089] S103: Obtain first candidate data of the first parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter and the first deviation range of the first parameter. The first candidate data is a value of the first parameter centered on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the number of which corresponds to the first deviation range.

[0090] S104: Determine a second-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first candidate data and second quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, where the second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first candidate data. The second-generation tuning value is used to update the first-generation tuning value to configure the equalizer.

[0091] The above steps S101 to S102 can be understood as the initial tuning (or coarse tuning) process of the entire tuning process. After downsampling the important parameters, the optimal values ​​of the important parameters are determined. Then, by scanning each parameter in the first parameter set one by one, further tuning values ​​of each parameter can be determined, and the final tuning results of the equalization parameters can be quickly obtained with fewer scans. In the process of scanning the important parameters one by one, the order of scanning can be determined based on the importance of each parameter in the first parameter set or other ranking strategy.

[0092] As an example, assuming that the first parameter set includes a first parameter and a second parameter, and the importance of the first parameter is higher than that of the second parameter, then the second-generation tuning of the first parameter can be performed first, followed by the second-generation tuning of the second parameter. That is, after S104, method 100 may further include: obtaining second candidate data for the second parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter and a second deviation range of the second parameter, the second candidate data being values ​​of the second parameter centered on the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter and corresponding in number to the second deviation range; and determining the second-generation tuning value of the second parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the second candidate data, and second quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, the second quality information being used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the second candidate data. The step of "obtaining second candidate data for the second parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter and the second deviation range of the second parameter" can be performed at any time after determining the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter, for example, it can be performed simultaneously with S103 before S104, or it can be performed after S104.

[0093] In the process of performing the second-generation tuning on the first parameter, the first candidate data can be determined according to the first-generation tuning value and the first deviation range of the first parameter. Taking the first-generation tuning value of pre1 of TX-FFE as -15 as an example, assuming that the first deviation value is 1, then the number of first candidate data can be 3 (-15 itself and the first deviation values ​​before and after). If the value interval of pre1 is 1, then the first candidate data can include three pre1 values ​​of -16, -15 and -14; if the value interval of pre1 is 2, then, The first candidate data can include three pre1 values ​​of -17, -15 and -13; assuming that the first deviation value is 2, then the number of first candidate data can be 5 (-15 itself and the first deviation values ​​before and after). If the pre1 value interval is 1, then the first candidate data can include five pre1 values ​​of -17, -16, -15, -14 and -13; if the pre1 value interval is 2, then the first candidate data can include five pre1 values ​​of -19, -17, -15, -13 and -11. Similarly, the second candidate data can be determined based on the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter and the second deviation range. It should be noted that the first deviation range and the second deviation range can be flexibly set according to the protocol provisions or actual needs, and can be the same or different. Moreover, the deviation range of the parameter can be a preset value, or it can be a value that is simply adjusted to the preset value based on quality information.

[0094] For example, S104 may include: when the values ​​of each parameter in the second parameter set are default values ​​and the value of the second parameter is the first-generation optimal value, setting the value of the first parameter to each first candidate data, obtaining second quality information of the corresponding electrical signal in the PHY, and determining the first candidate data corresponding to the second quality information with the best quality among the second quality information as the second-generation optimized value of the first parameter. For example, if the first parameter is pre1 of TX-FFE and the first candidate data are -16, -15, and -14, respectively, then the second quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY can be obtained when the first candidate data is -16, -15, and -14, and the one with the best quality is selected from the three second quality signals, and the corresponding first candidate data is determined as the second-generation optimized value of pre1, such as -14.

[0095] For the implementation method of "determining the second-generation tuning value of the second parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the second candidate data, and the second quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY", please refer to the implementation method of S104. For example, assuming that the second parameter is post1 of TX-FFE, the second candidate data are -4, -3, -2, -1 and 0 respectively, the first parameter is pre1 of TX-FFE, and the pre1 is configured as the second-generation tuning value of pre1 -14, then the second quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY can be obtained when the second candidate data is -4, -3, -2, -1 and 0 respectively, and the one with the best quality is selected from the five second quality signals, and the corresponding second candidate data is determined as the second-generation tuning value of post1, such as -1.

[0096] It can be seen that after S101 to S104, the second-generation tuning value of each parameter in the first parameter set can be obtained. At this time, it can be determined whether the tuning cutoff condition is met. If so, the tuning result is determined based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, and the equalizer is configured based on the tuning result; if the tuning cutoff condition is not met, the parameters in the first parameter set can be further tuned for more generations, and the implementation method of each subsequent generation of tuning is the same as the implementation method of the second-generation tuning. For example, if the second-generation tuning values ​​of each parameter in the first parameter set obtained after S104 do not meet the tuning cutoff condition, the method 100 may further include: obtaining fourth candidate data for the first parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter and a fourth deviation range of the first parameter, the fourth candidate data being a number of values ​​of the first parameter corresponding to the fourth deviation range, centered around the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter; determining a third-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the fourth candidate data and fifth quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, the fifth quality information being used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the fourth candidate data, and the third-generation tuning value being used to update the second-generation tuning value to configure the equalizer. Subsequently, after obtaining the third-generation tuning values ​​of each parameter in the first parameter set, it may be determined whether the tuning cutoff condition is met. If so, a tuning result is determined based on the third-generation tuning value of the first parameter, and the equalizer is configured based on the tuning result. If the tuning cutoff condition is not met, the parameters in the first parameter set are continuously tuned for more generations in this manner until a certain generation of tuning values ​​of the first parameter set is obtained that meets the tuning cutoff condition.

[0097] It should be noted that the deviation range of the same parameter in different generations of tuning processes can be the same or different. For example, the first deviation range and the fourth deviation range of the first parameter can be the same or different, and can be flexibly set according to needs or experience.

[0098] Among them, the tuning cutoff condition may include at least one of the following conditions: Condition 1, the tuning generation is equal to the preset number of times; Condition 2, the difference between the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the current generation tuning and the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the previous generation tuning is less than a preset difference threshold; Condition 3, the tuning value corresponding to the current generation tuning is equal to the tuning value of the corresponding parameter obtained in the previous generation tuning.

[0099] When the tuning cutoff condition includes only one of the above conditions, the tuning cutoff condition is considered to be met only if the condition is met. For example, if the tuning cutoff condition is that the tuning generation is equal to 5, then after the fifth-generation tuning value of each parameter in the first parameter set is obtained, the tuning cutoff condition is considered to be met; for another example, if the tuning cutoff condition is that the difference between the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the current generation tuning and the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the previous generation tuning is less than 1, then after the fifth-generation tuning value of each parameter in the first parameter set is obtained, the telecommunication signal corresponding to the fourth-generation tuning value is considered to be met. When the difference between the quality of the electrical signal and the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third-generation tuning value is less than 1, the fourth-generation tuning value of each parameter in the first parameter set is considered to meet the tuning cutoff condition; for another example, the tuning cutoff condition is that the tuning value corresponding to the current generation tuning is equal to the tuning value obtained by the corresponding parameter in the previous generation tuning. Then, when the sixth-generation tuning value of each parameter in the first parameter set is equal to the fifth-generation tuning value of each parameter in the first parameter set, it is considered that the sixth-generation tuning value or the fifth-generation tuning value of each parameter in the first parameter set meets the tuning cutoff condition.

[0100] When the tuning cutoff condition includes at least two of the above conditions, it is necessary to simultaneously meet all the conditions included in the tuning cutoff condition before the tuning cutoff condition is considered to be met. For example, the tuning cutoff condition includes that the tuning generation is equal to 5 and the difference between the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the current generation tuning and the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the previous generation tuning is less than 1. In this case, it is necessary to start from the fifth generation tuning and pay attention to the current generation tuning value of each parameter in the first parameter set obtained by each generation tuning, calculate the difference between the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the current generation tuning value and the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the previous generation tuning value, and determine whether the difference is less than the difference threshold (such as 1). If so, it is considered that the current generation tuning value of each parameter in the first parameter set meets the tuning cutoff condition.

[0101] It can be seen that after downsampling, optimizing the parameters in the important parameter set one by one for at least one generation can achieve the effect of quickly converging to the global optimum for multiple coupled equalization parameters to be configured with a smaller number of scans, thereby improving the tuning efficiency of the equalization parameters.

[0102] For the configuration of equalization parameters on an end-to-end communication link, after determining the tuning result, on the one hand, the PHY can configure the values ​​of the equalization parameters belonging to its own device in the tuning result to the equalizer; on the other hand, the PHY can also send the values ​​of the equalization parameters belonging to other devices in the tuning result to the corresponding device, so that the corresponding device configures its own equalization parameters based on the received content. In this way, the configuration of the equalization parameters on the end-to-end communication link is achieved. Taking the scenario shown in Figure 3 as an example, assuming that the PHY executing the method 100 belongs to device 1, after S102, the PHY can configure the first-generation tuning values ​​of the equalization parameters (such as pre1 of TX-FFE and post1 of TX-FFE) belonging to device 1 in the first parameter set to the TX-FFE of device 1; on the other hand, the PHY can also send the first-generation tuning values ​​of the equalization parameters belonging to linear direct drive optical module 1, linear direct drive optical module 2 and device 2 in the tuning result to each other, for example, the boost of DRV_CTLE For example, the first-generation tuning value of boost1 of RX_CTLE is sent to the linear direct-drive optical module 1, so that the linear direct-drive optical module 1 configures DRV_CTLE based on the received first-generation tuning value of boost1. For another example, the first-generation tuning value of OA of TIA_OA is sent to the linear direct-drive optical module 2, so that the linear direct-drive optical module 2 configures TIA_OA based on the received first-generation tuning value of OA. For another example, the first-generation tuning value of boost1 of RX_CTLE is sent to the device 2, so that the device 2 configures RX_CTLE based on the received first-generation tuning value of boost1.After S102, each time S104 is executed for a first parameter, the configuration of the first parameter in the first parameter set for which S104 is executed is modified to the second-generation tuning value, and the values ​​of other first parameters remain unchanged (maintained as the first tuning value or the second tuning value). For example, after S102, the second-generation tuning is first performed on pre1 of TX-FFE. Then, after S104 for pre1 of the TX-FFE, PHY can configure the second-generation tuning value of pre1 of TX-FFE in the first parameter set to the TX-FFE of device 1; then, if the second-generation tuning is performed on boost1 of DRV_CTLE, then During S104 of boost1 of the DRV_CTLE, only pre1 of TX-FFE is the second-generation tuning value, and the other parameters in the first parameter set all maintain the first-generation tuning values. After S104 of boost1 of the DRV_CTLE, the PHY can send the second-generation tuning value of boost1 of the DRV_CTLE to the linear direct-drive optical module 1, so that the linear direct-drive optical module 1 configures the DRV_CTLE based on the received second-generation tuning value of boost1; and so on, until the second-generation tuning is performed on all parameters in the first parameter set. At this time, the values ​​of each parameter in the first parameter set are all corresponding second-generation tuning values.

[0103] In this way, through this method 100, the PHY in the communication system can only perform first-generation tuning and several second-generation tunings on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, and obtain the tuning results when the tuning cutoff conditions are met. The equalization parameters in the communication system are configured according to the tuning results. There is no need to perform a full traversal scan of all the equalization parameters to be configured. Only the important parameters among the equalization parameters to be configured are downsampled and deviation tuned. By scanning a small number of parameters a small number of times and taking the quality of the corresponding electrical signal as the basis, the tuning results of the joint tuning of all the equalization parameters to be configured can be determined, thereby realizing fast and convenient joint tuning of the equalization parameters.

[0104] In order to make the method 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application clearer, the process of the method 100 is briefly described below with reference to FIG5 .

[0105] As shown in Figure 5, assuming that the communication system has 10 equalization parameters to be configured, namely a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, and j, the tuning process for these 10 parameters may include:

[0106] S11, according to the impact of each parameter on the equalization performance of the communication system, divide the 10 parameters into an important parameter set and an unimportant parameter set, where the important parameter set includes: a, b, f, g and i, and the unimportant parameter set includes: c, d, e, h and j.

[0107] S12, downsampling the parameters in the important parameter set to obtain a first generation tuning value of each parameter in the important parameter set.

[0108] Among them, the values ​​of each parameter in the non-important parameter set are the default values, which are represented by init. For example, the default value of c is represented by c init The value range of each parameter in the important parameter set is represented by the minimum value (min) and the maximum value (max), and the downsampling step is represented by n. For example, the downsampling data of a can be represented as a min :n1:a max The first generation tuning value of each parameter in the important parameter set can be represented by opt_1. For example, the first generation tuning value of a can be represented by a opt_1 .

[0109] Assume that for the parameters in the important parameter set, the order of performing subsequent generations of tuning is determined according to importance: a, b, f, g, and i. Then, after S12, the following steps may be included:

[0110] S13, perform second-generation tuning on a and obtain the second-generation tuning value a of a opt_2 .

[0111] S14, perform second-generation tuning on b and obtain the second-generation tuning value b of b opt_2 .

[0112] S15, perform the second-generation tuning on f and obtain the second-generation tuning value f of f opt_2 .

[0113] S16, perform the second-generation tuning on g to obtain the second-generation tuning value g of g opt_2 .

[0114] S17, perform second-generation tuning on i and obtain the second-generation tuning value i of i opt_2 .

[0115] S18, determine whether the tuning cutoff condition is met. If so, execute S19. Otherwise, k=k+1, execute the kth generation tuning shown in S20 to S24 (the initial value of k is 2), and return to execute S18.

[0116] It can be seen that when it is determined after S17 that the tuning cutoff condition is not met, k=3, and executing S20~S24 corresponds to the third-generation tuning of each parameter in the important parameter set; when after the third-generation tuning, it is determined that the tuning cutoff condition is still not met, k=4, and executing S20~S24 corresponds to the fourth-generation tuning of each parameter in the important parameter set, and so on.

[0117] S19: Obtain a tuning result based on the current generation tuning value of each parameter in the important parameter set, and configure an equalizer of the communication system based on the tuning result.

[0118] S20, perform k-th generation tuning on a and obtain the k-th generation tuning value a of a opt_k .

[0119] S21, perform k-th generation tuning on b and obtain the k-th generation tuning value b of b opt_k .

[0120] S22, perform k-th generation tuning on f and obtain the k-th generation tuning value f of f opt_k .

[0121] S23, perform k-th generation tuning on g, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value g of g opt_k .

[0122] S24, perform k-th generation tuning on i, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value i of i opt_k .

[0123] It should be noted that for the first-generation tuning of each important parameter, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of S101 to S102 in method 100 , and for the subsequent generations of tuning of each important parameter, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of S103 to S104 in method 100 .

[0124] It can be seen that based on method 100, in a scenario with 10 parameters to be configured, rapid joint tuning of the coupling parameters can be achieved with as few scans as possible. For scenarios with more parameters to be configured, the advantages of method 100 such as speed and saving computing resources are more prominent.

[0125] Corresponding to the second possible implementation method described above, FIG6 is a flow chart of a method 200 for tuning parameters of an equalizer provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the method 200, the embodiment of the present application is introduced with the PHY included in the communication system as the execution subject, and the tuned equalizer belongs to the communication system. The PHY may be, for example, the PHY in device 1 or device 2 in the end-to-end communication link shown in FIG3 . Alternatively, the method 200 may also be understood as being implemented by the device where the PHY is located, for example, the method 200 may be implemented by device 1 or device 2 in the end-to-end communication link shown in FIG3 . Compared with the method 100, the method 200 can also perform the first generation tuning on non-important parameters, so that further refined tuning (i.e., the second generation and subsequent generations of tuning) can be based on the fact that all parameters to be configured are relatively optimal, which can reduce the number of generations of further refined tuning to a certain extent, thereby reducing the computing resources and time consumed by the tuning.

[0126] As shown in FIG6 , the method 200 may include, for example, the following steps S201 to S206 :

[0127] S201 : Downsample a first parameter to obtain first downsampled data of the first parameter, where the first parameter belongs to a first parameter set, which is an important parameter set among the parameters of the equalizer.

[0128] S202: Determine a first-generation tuning value for a first parameter based on the first downsampled data and first quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the first quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first downsampled data, and the first-generation tuning value is used to configure the equalizer.

[0129] S203 , down-sample the third parameter to obtain third down-sampled data of the third parameter, where the third parameter belongs to a second parameter set, which is a non-important parameter set among the parameters of the equalizer.

[0130] S204: Determine a first-generation tuning value for the third parameter based on the first-generation tuning value for the first parameter, the third down-sampled data, and third quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the third quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third down-sampled data.

[0131] The above-mentioned first parameter can be understood as a general reference to any parameter in the first parameter set, and the third parameter can be understood as a general reference to any parameter in the second parameter set.

[0132] It should be noted that the specific implementation and effects of S201-S202 can refer to the relevant description of S101-S102 in method 100. The specific implementation and effects of S203-S204 can refer to the relevant description of S101-S102 in method 100.

[0133] The difference is that in S201~S202, during the process of downsampling the first parameter in the first parameter set, the value of the third parameter in the second parameter set is the default value; in S203~S204, during the process of downsampling the third parameter in the second parameter set, the value of the first parameter in the first parameter set is the corresponding first-generation tuning value.

[0134] In this way, the first generation of tuning is performed on important parameters through downsampling, and then the first generation of tuning is performed on non-important parameters through downsampling. With a smaller number of scans, more reasonable values ​​for all parameters to be configured can be quickly locked in, thereby providing a data foundation for subsequent tuning and making it possible to complete subsequent tuning quickly.

[0135] S205: Obtain first candidate data for the first parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter and the first deviation range of the first parameter. The first candidate data is a value of the first parameter centered on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the number of which corresponds to the first deviation range.

[0136] S206. Determine a second-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first-generation tuning value for the third parameter, the first candidate data for the first parameter, and second quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY. The second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first candidate data. The second-generation tuning value for the first parameter is used to update the first-generation tuning value for the first parameter to configure the equalizer.

[0137] It should be noted that the specific implementation methods and effects achieved by S205-S206 can refer to the relevant descriptions of S103-S104 in method 100. However, the first deviation range in S205 can be the same as or different from the first deviation range in S103, and accordingly, the first candidate data in method 200 can be the same as or different from the first candidate data in method 100.

[0138] The difference is that in S205~S206, during the second-generation tuning of the first parameter in the first parameter set, the value of the third parameter in the second parameter set is the first-generation tuning value; in S103~S104, during the second-generation tuning of the first parameter in the first parameter set, the value of the third parameter in the second parameter set is the default value.

[0139] In this way, through this method 200, the PHY in the communication system can perform first-generation tuning on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, perform first-generation tuning on unimportant parameters belonging to an unimportant parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, and perform several second-generation tunings on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, and obtain the tuning results when the tuning cutoff conditions are met. The equalization parameters in the communication system are configured based on the tuning results, and there is no need to perform a full traversal scan of all the equalization parameters to be configured. Only the important parameters among the equalization parameters to be configured, the unimportant parameters, and the deviation tuning of the important parameters are required. By scanning a small number of parameters a small number of times, based on the quality of the corresponding electrical signals, the tuning results of the joint tuning of all the equalization parameters to be configured can be determined, thereby achieving fast and convenient joint tuning of the equalization parameters.

[0140] In order to make the method 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application clearer, the process of the method 200 is briefly described below with reference to FIG. 7 .

[0141] As shown in Figure 7, assuming that the communication system has 10 equalization parameters to be configured, namely a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, and j, the tuning process for these 10 parameters may include:

[0142] S31, according to the impact of each parameter on the equalization performance of the communication system, divide the 10 parameters into an important parameter set and an unimportant parameter set, where the important parameter set includes: a, b, f, g and i, and the unimportant parameter set includes: c, d, e, h and j.

[0143] S32 , downsampling the parameters in the important parameter set to obtain a first generation tuning value of each parameter in the important parameter set.

[0144] Among them, the values ​​of each parameter in the non-important parameter set are the default values, which are represented by init. For example, the default value of c is represented by c init The value range of each parameter in the important parameter set is represented by the minimum value (min) and the maximum value (max), and the downsampling step is represented by n. For example, the downsampling data of a can be represented as a min :n1:a max The first generation tuning value of each parameter in the important parameter set can be represented by opt_1. For example, the first generation tuning value of a can be represented by a opt_1 .

[0145] S33 , downsampling the parameters in the non-important parameter set to obtain a first-generation tuning value of each parameter in the non-important parameter set.

[0146] When this step is executed, the value of each parameter in the important parameter set is the corresponding first-generation tuning value.

[0147] The value range of each parameter in the non-important parameter set is represented by min and max, and the downsampling step is represented by n. For example, the downsampling data of c can be represented as c min :n3:c max The first generation tuning value of each parameter in the non-important parameter set can be represented by opt_1. For example, the first generation tuning value of c can be represented by c opt_1 .

[0148] Assuming that for the parameters in the important parameter set, the order of performing subsequent generations of tuning is determined according to importance as: a, b, f, g, and i, then after S33, when the values ​​of all parameters to be configured are the corresponding first-generation tuning values, this embodiment may further include:

[0149] S34, perform second-generation tuning on a and obtain the second-generation tuning value a of a opt_2 .

[0150] S35, perform second-generation tuning on b and obtain the second-generation tuning value b of b opt_2 .

[0151] S36, perform second-generation tuning on f to obtain the second-generation tuning value f of f opt_2 .

[0152] S37, perform the second-generation tuning on g to obtain the second-generation tuning value g of g opt_2 .

[0153] S38, perform second-generation tuning on i, and obtain the second-generation tuning value i of i opt_2 .

[0154] S39, determine whether the tuning cutoff condition is met. If so, execute S40. Otherwise, k=k+1, execute the kth generation tuning shown in S41 to S45 (the initial value of k is 2), and return to execute S39.

[0155] It can be seen that when it is determined after S38 that the tuning cutoff condition is not met, k=3, and executing S41~S45 corresponds to the third-generation tuning of each parameter in the important parameter set; when after the third-generation tuning, it is determined that the tuning cutoff condition is still not met, k=4, and executing S41~S45 corresponds to the fourth-generation tuning of each parameter in the important parameter set, and so on.

[0156] S40 , obtaining a tuning result based on the first-generation tuning value of the non-important parameter and the current-generation tuning value of each parameter in the important parameter set, and configuring an equalizer of the communication system based on the tuning result.

[0157] S41, perform k-th generation tuning on a, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value a of a. opt_k .

[0158] S42, perform k-th generation tuning on b, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value b of b. opt_k .

[0159] S43, perform k-th generation tuning on f, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value f of f opt_k .

[0160] S44, perform k-th generation tuning on g, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value g of g opt_k .

[0161] S45, perform k-th generation tuning on i, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value i of i opt_k .

[0162] It should be noted that for the first-generation tuning of each important parameter, please refer to the relevant description of S201~S202 in method 200, for the first-generation tuning of each non-important parameter, please refer to the relevant description of S203~S204 in method 200, and for the tuning of each generation after the first generation of each important parameter, please refer to the relevant description of S205~S206 in method 200.

[0163] As can be seen, method 200 enables rapid joint tuning of coupled parameters in a scenario with 10 parameters to be configured, with minimal scans. The advantages of method 200, such as speed and computational resource savings, become more pronounced in scenarios with more parameters to be configured. Compared to the embodiment shown in FIG5 , this embodiment theoretically requires fewer tuning iterations to obtain tuning results, further saving computational resources and tuning time.

[0164] Corresponding to the third possible implementation method described above, FIG8 is a flow chart of a method 300 for tuning equalizer parameters provided in an embodiment of the present application. In this method 300, the embodiment of the present application is introduced with the PHY included in the communication system as the execution entity, and the tuned equalizer belongs to the communication system. The PHY can, for example, be the PHY in device 1 or device 2 in the end-to-end communication link shown in FIG3. Alternatively, the method 300 can also be understood as being implemented by the device where the PHY is located, for example, the method 300 can be implemented by device 1 or device 2 in the end-to-end communication link shown in FIG3. Compared with method 100, method 300 not only has the advantages of method 200, that is, the first generation of tuning is also performed on non-important parameters, so that further fine-tuning (i.e., the second and subsequent generations of tuning) can be carried out on the basis that all parameters to be configured are relatively optimal, which can reduce the number of generations of further fine-tuning to a certain extent, thereby reducing the computing resources and time consumed by the tuning; moreover, method 300 also performs further fine-tuning of non-important parameters of each generation after further fine-tuning of important parameters, so that the tuning of the balancing parameters is faster.

[0165] As shown in FIG8 , the method 300 may include, for example, the following steps S301 to S308 :

[0166] S301 , downsample a first parameter to obtain first downsampled data of the first parameter, where the first parameter belongs to a first parameter set, which is an important parameter set among the parameters of the equalizer.

[0167] S302: Determine a first-generation tuning value for a first parameter based on the first downsampled data and first quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the first quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first downsampled data, and the first-generation tuning value is used to configure the equalizer.

[0168] S303 : Downsample the third parameter to obtain third downsampled data of the third parameter, where the third parameter belongs to a second parameter set, which is a non-important parameter set among the parameters of the equalizer.

[0169] S304: Determine a first-generation tuning value for the third parameter based on the first-generation tuning value for the first parameter, the third down-sampled data, and third quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the third quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third down-sampled data.

[0170] The above-mentioned first parameter can be understood as a general reference to any parameter in the first parameter set, and the third parameter can be understood as a general reference to any parameter in the second parameter set.

[0171] It should be noted that the specific implementation and effects of S301-S302 can refer to the relevant description of S101-S102 in method 100 or S201-S202 in method 200. The specific implementation and effects of S303-S304 can refer to the relevant description of S101-S102 in method 100 or S203-S204 in method 200.

[0172] The difference is that in S301~S302, during the process of downsampling the first parameter in the first parameter set, the value of the third parameter in the second parameter set is the default value; in S303~S304, during the process of downsampling the third parameter in the second parameter set, the value of the first parameter in the first parameter set is the corresponding first-generation tuning value.

[0173] In this way, the first generation of tuning is performed on important parameters through downsampling, and then the first generation of tuning is performed on non-important parameters through downsampling. With a smaller number of scans, more reasonable values ​​for all parameters to be configured can be quickly locked in, thereby providing a data foundation for subsequent tuning and making it possible to complete subsequent tuning quickly.

[0174] S305: Obtain first candidate data for the first parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter and the first deviation range of the first parameter. The first candidate data is a value of the first parameter centered on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the number of which corresponds to the first deviation range.

[0175] S306. Determine a second-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first-generation tuning value for the third parameter, the first candidate data for the first parameter, and second quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY. The second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first candidate data. The second-generation tuning value for the first parameter is used to update the first-generation tuning value for the first parameter to configure the equalizer.

[0176] S307, obtaining third candidate data of the third parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter and the third deviation range of the third parameter, where the third candidate data is a value of the third parameter centered on the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter and the number of which corresponds to the third deviation range.

[0177] S308: Determine the second-generation tuning value of the third parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the third candidate data of the third parameter, and fourth quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the fourth quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third candidate data.

[0178] It should be noted that the specific implementation methods and effects achieved by S305-S306 can refer to the relevant descriptions of S103-S104 in method 100 or S205-S206 in method 200. However, the first deviation range in S505 may be the same as or different from the first deviation range in S205 or S103. Correspondingly, the first candidate data in method 300 may be the same as or different from the first candidate data in method 100 or method 200.

[0179] The difference from method 100 is that in S305 to S306, during the process of performing second-generation tuning on the first parameter in the first parameter set, the value of the third parameter in the second parameter set is the first-generation tuning value; in S103 to S104, during the process of performing second-generation tuning on the first parameter in the first parameter set, the value of the third parameter in the second parameter set is the default value.

[0180] It should be noted that the specific implementation methods and effects achieved by S307-S308 can be found in the descriptions of S103-S104 in method 100 or S205-S206 in method 200. In S306-S307, during the second-generation tuning of the third parameter in the second parameter set, the value of the first parameter in the first parameter set is the second-generation tuning value.

[0181] In this way, through this method 300, the PHY in the communication system can perform first-generation tuning on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, perform first-generation tuning on unimportant parameters belonging to an unimportant parameter set among the equalization parameters to be configured, perform several second-generation tunings on important parameters belonging to an important parameter set, and perform several second-generation tunings on unimportant parameters belonging to an unimportant parameter set, to obtain tuning results when the tuning cutoff conditions are met. The equalization parameters in the communication system are configured based on the tuning results, without the need to perform a full traversal scan of all the equalization parameters to be configured, downsample the important parameters among the equalization parameters to be configured, downsample the unimportant parameters, perform deviation tuning on the important parameters, and perform deviation tuning on the unimportant parameters. By scanning a small number of parameters a small number of times, based on the quality of the corresponding electrical signals, the tuning results of the joint tuning of all the equalization parameters to be configured can be determined, thereby achieving fast and convenient joint tuning of the equalization parameters.

[0182] In order to make the method 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application clearer, the process of the method 300 is briefly described below with reference to FIG9 .

[0183] As shown in Figure 9, assuming that the communication system has 10 equalization parameters to be configured, namely a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, and j, the tuning process for these 10 parameters may include:

[0184] S51 , dividing 10 parameters into an important parameter set and an unimportant parameter set according to the influence of each parameter on the equalization performance in the communication system, wherein the important parameter set includes: a, b, f, g and i, and the unimportant parameter set includes: c, d, e, h and j.

[0185] S52 , downsampling the parameters in the important parameter set to obtain a first generation tuning value of each parameter in the important parameter set.

[0186] Among them, the values ​​of each parameter in the non-important parameter set are the default values, which are represented by init. For example, the default value of c is represented by c init The value range of each parameter in the important parameter set is represented by the minimum value (min) and the maximum value (max), and the downsampling step is represented by n. For example, the downsampling data of a can be represented as a min :n1:a max The first generation tuning value of each parameter in the important parameter set can be represented by opt_1. For example, the first generation tuning value of a can be represented by a opt_1 .

[0187] S53 , downsampling the parameters in the non-important parameter set to obtain a first-generation tuning value of each parameter in the non-important parameter set.

[0188] When this step is executed, the value of each parameter in the important parameter set is the corresponding first-generation tuning value.

[0189] The value range of each parameter in the non-important parameter set is represented by min and max, and the downsampling step is represented by n. For example, the downsampling data of c can be represented as c min :n3:c max The first generation tuning value of each parameter in the non-important parameter set can be represented by opt_1. For example, the first generation tuning value of c can be represented by c opt_1 .

[0190] Assuming that for the parameters in the important parameter set, the order of performing subsequent generations of tuning is determined according to importance as: a, b, f, g, and i, then after S53, when the values ​​of all parameters to be configured are the corresponding first-generation tuning values, this embodiment may further include:

[0191] S54, perform second-generation tuning on a and obtain the second-generation tuning value a of a opt_2 .

[0192] S55, perform second-generation tuning on b and obtain the second-generation tuning value b of b opt_2 .

[0193] S56, perform second-generation tuning on f to obtain the second-generation tuning value f of f opt_2 .

[0194] S57, perform the second-generation tuning on g and obtain the second-generation tuning value g of g opt_2 .

[0195] S58, perform second-generation tuning on i, and obtain the second-generation tuning value i of i opt_2 .

[0196] Assuming that for the parameters in the non-important parameter set, the order of performing subsequent generations of tuning is determined according to importance: c, d, e, h, and j. Then, after S58, when the values ​​of the important parameters to be configured are all corresponding second-generation tuning values, this embodiment may further include:

[0197] S59, perform second-generation tuning on c and obtain the second-generation tuning value c of c opt_2 .

[0198] S60, perform second-generation tuning on d to obtain the second-generation tuning value d of d opt_2 .

[0199] S61, perform second-generation tuning on e and obtain the second-generation tuning value e of e opt_2 .

[0200] S62, perform second-generation tuning on h to obtain the second-generation tuning value h of h opt_2 .

[0201] S63, perform second-generation tuning on j and obtain the second-generation tuning value j of j opt_2 .

[0202] S64, determine whether the tuning cutoff condition is met. If so, execute S65. Otherwise, k=k+1, execute the kth generation tuning shown in S66 to S75 (the initial value of k is 2), and return to execute S64.

[0203] It can be seen that when it is determined after S63 that the tuning cutoff condition is not met, k=3, and executing S66 to S75 corresponds to the third-generation tuning of each parameter; when it is determined after the third-generation tuning that the tuning cutoff condition is still not met, k=4, and executing S66 to S75 corresponds to the fourth-generation tuning of each parameter, and so on.

[0204] S65 , obtaining a tuning result based on the current generation tuning value of each parameter in the non-important parameters and the current generation tuning value of each parameter in the important parameter set, and configuring an equalizer of the communication system based on the tuning result.

[0205] S66, perform k-th generation tuning on a, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value a of a. opt_k .

[0206] S67, perform k-th generation tuning on b and obtain the k-th generation tuning value b of b. opt_k .

[0207] S68, perform k-th generation tuning on f, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value f of f opt_k .

[0208] S69, perform k-th generation tuning on g, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value g of g opt_k .

[0209] S70, perform k-th generation tuning on i, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value i of i opt_k .

[0210] S71, perform k-th generation tuning on c, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value c of c opt_k .

[0211] S72, perform k-th generation tuning on d to obtain the k-th generation tuning value d of d opt_k .

[0212] S73, perform k-th generation optimization on e, and obtain the k-th generation optimization value e of e opt_k .

[0213] S74, perform k-th generation tuning on h, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value h of h opt_ k.

[0214] S75, perform k-th generation tuning on j, and obtain the k-th generation tuning value j of j opt_k .

[0215] It should be noted that for the first-generation tuning of each important parameter, please refer to the relevant description of S301~S302 in method 300, for the first-generation tuning of each unimportant parameter, please refer to the relevant description of S303~S304 in method 300, for the tuning of each important parameter after the first generation, please refer to the relevant description of S305~S306 in method 300, and for the tuning of each unimportant parameter after the first generation, please refer to the relevant description of S307~S308 in method 300.

[0216] As can be seen, method 300 enables rapid joint tuning of coupled parameters in a scenario with 10 parameters to be configured, with minimal scans. The advantages of method 300, such as speed and computational resource savings, become more pronounced in scenarios with more parameters to be configured. Compared to the embodiment shown in FIG7 , this embodiment theoretically requires fewer tuning iterations to obtain tuning results, further saving computational resources and tuning time.

[0217] It should be noted that in method 300, the order of performing tuning is: performing the first generation tuning on important parameters, performing the first generation tuning on non-important parameters, performing the second generation tuning on important parameters, performing the second generation tuning on non-important parameters, performing the third generation tuning on important parameters, performing the third generation tuning on non-important parameters..., this order is only one possible implementation method, in which the tuning generations of important parameters and non-important parameters are the same and are performed in a rotational manner. In specific implementation, it is also possible to perform downsampling and several times of deviation tuning on important parameters and non-important parameters respectively in any other possible order, and the tuning generations of important parameters and non-important parameters may also be different. For example, after performing N generations of important parameter tuning, one generation of tuning is performed on non-important parameters, and N can be any integer greater than 1. In addition, it is also possible to perform downsampling only on important parameters and perform several times of deviation tuning on important parameters and non-important parameters, and the tuning generations of important parameters and non-important parameters may be the same or different.

[0218] The above embodiments are all described using the process of tuning equalization parameters to be configured on an end-to-end communication link as an example. The end-to-end communication link can be a signal transmission link connecting a first device to a second device through a first module and a second module, wherein the first module and the second module can be electrical modules or optical modules. For example, the first module and the second module can both be linear direct-drive optical modules. Corresponding to the scenario shown in Figure 3, the first device can correspond to device 1, the second device can correspond to device 2, the first module can correspond to linear direct-drive optical module 1, and the second module can correspond to linear direct-drive optical module 2. The first parameter can be a general reference to important parameters among the equalization parameters to be configured on the end-to-end communication link.

[0219] The following describes the effect of the tuning method provided in the embodiment of the present application by taking method 300 as an example in conjunction with the scenario shown in FIG3 .

[0220] Table 5 below shows the balancing parameters to be configured in the end-to-end communication link in the above scenario and the value ranges of each balancing parameter:

[0221] Table 5

[0222] Then, according to the full-volume traversal scanning method, the number of combinations that need to be scanned can be: 5×21×11×15×8×7×21×7×8×7×21=5.03e11; through the method 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application, if the division of important parameters and unimportant parameters is as shown in Table 2, the number of combinations that need to be scanned for the first generation tuning of important parameters is 5×3×5×3×5=1125, and the downsampling data of each parameter in the second parameter set can be shown in Table 6 below, for example. The number of combinations that need to be scanned for the first generation tuning of unimportant parameters is 4×4×2×3×2×3=576.

[0223] Table 6

[0224] Assuming that the deviation range of each parameter in this embodiment is 1, the number of combinations that need to be scanned for a second-generation tuning of all parameters is 33. If, in addition to the first-generation tuning, 10 generations of tuning are performed before converging to the optimal solution and finding the optimal configuration, the total number of scanned combinations is 330. Combined with the number of scanned combinations in the downsampling process, it can be determined that the number of scanned combinations in the global tuning process based on method 300 is: 1125+576+330=2031. Compared with the global traversal scan of 5.03e11 times, the solution space is reduced by approximately 1e8 orders of magnitude.

[0225] It should be noted that the method provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to other scenarios with high reliability requirements and joint tuning of multiple equalization parameters to be configured, including but not limited to: data centers, supercomputing nodes, artificial intelligence data center networks (AIDCN) and other scenarios. The applicable system architecture includes but is not limited to: the architecture where the linear direct-drive optical module is located and the architecture where the traditional optical module is located. It can be applied to high-speed interconnection interfaces and high-speed interface modules, among which the high-speed interface modules include but are not limited to: QSFP-DD, OSFP, COBO, CFP2, CFP8, etc., and the high-speed interconnection interfaces include but are not limited to: transceiver module line card point-to-point interconnection interface, router line card dense wavelength division multiplexing (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing, DWDM) interconnection interface, transceiver module line card DWDM interconnection interface, etc.

[0226] As an example, the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to the joint tuning of the tap coefficient of the multi-tap TX-FFE in high-speed interconnection scenarios of 224G and above. As shown in Figure 10, for the 224G+SerDes high-speed interconnection scenario, the TX-FFE of the SerDes of the device is a multi-tap FFE, and the SerDes of the device can be connected to a linear direct drive optical module, which can include DRV_CTLE. The TP2 point index (such as ER or TDECQ) of the linear direct drive optical module can be used as the basis for tuning.

[0227] Taking TX-FFE as an example, assuming that the value range of the 9 tap coefficients is shown in Table 7 below:

[0228] Table 7

[0229] Important parameters may be the parameters shown in bold above (i.e., pre2, pre1, post1, and post2), and other parameters may be non-important parameters. The TX-FFE tuning process for the 9tap may refer to the above-mentioned method 100, method 200, or method 300.

[0230] Taking the method 300 for tuning the 9tap TX-FFE as an example, assuming that the downsampling data of the parameters in the first parameter set are expressed as -10:5:10, -30:6:0, -20:5:0, and -10:5:10, respectively; the downsampling data of the parameters in the second parameter set are expressed as -3:3:3, -3:3:3, X, -3:3:3, and -3:3:3, respectively, then the number of combinations that need to be scanned for the first-generation tuning of important parameters is 5×6×5×5=750, and the number of combinations that need to be scanned for the first-generation tuning of non-important parameters is 3×3×3×3=81. Assuming that the deviation range of each parameter in this embodiment is 1, the number of combinations that need to be scanned for a second-generation tuning of all parameters is 24. If, in addition to the first-generation tuning, 10 generations of tuning are performed before converging to the optimal solution and finding the optimal configuration, the total number of scanned combinations is 240. Combined with the number of scanned combinations in the downsampling process, it can be determined that the number of scanned combinations for the global tuning process based on method 300 is: 750+81+330=1071. Compared with the global traversal scan of 7×7×21×31×21×21×7×7=6.8e9 scans, the solution space is reduced by approximately 1e5 orders of magnitude.

[0231] It should be noted that the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is not only applicable to linear direct-drive optoelectronic interconnection systems and high-speed SerDes systems, but also to the following scenarios: electrical interconnection systems, coherent optical communication systems, wireless communication systems, and the design and manufacture of lasers, PDs and other devices, autonomous driving technology, and other scenarios involving multi-parameter joint optimization. In addition, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to online negotiation, which can realize online detection and maintenance of each lane of the communication system. The backchannel involved in the online negotiation can be the protocol layer, control channel, self-loop channel, etc.

[0232] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 1100 (also referred to as a device 1100 for tuning parameters of an equalizer), as shown in FIG11 . In the communication device 1100 , the equalizer belongs to a communication system, the communication system may include a PHY, and the device may be applied to the PHY. The communication device 1100 may include: a first downsampling unit 1101, a first tuning unit 1102, a first candidate unit 1103, and a second tuning unit 1104. Wherein:

[0233] The first downsampling unit 1101 is configured to downsample a first parameter to obtain first downsampled data of the first parameter, where the first parameter belongs to a first parameter set, which is an important parameter set among the parameters of the equalizer. The first downsampling unit 1101 may execute S101 shown in FIG. 4 , or S201 shown in FIG. 6 , or S301 shown in FIG. 8 .

[0234] The first tuning unit 1102 is configured to determine a first-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first downsampled data and first quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the first quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first downsampled data, and the first-generation tuning value is used to configure the equalizer. The first tuning unit 1102 may execute S102 shown in FIG. 4 , or S202 shown in FIG. 6 , or S302 shown in FIG. 8 .

[0235] The first candidate unit 1103 is configured to obtain first candidate data for the first parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter and the first deviation range of the first parameter. The first candidate data is a number of values ​​of the first parameter corresponding to the first deviation range, centered around the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter. The first candidate unit 1103 may execute S103 shown in FIG. 4 , S205 shown in FIG. 6 , or S305 shown in FIG. 8 .

[0236] The second tuning unit 1104 is configured to determine a second-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first candidate data and second quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first candidate data. The second-generation tuning value is used to update the first-generation tuning value to configure the equalizer. The second tuning unit 1104 may execute S104 shown in FIG. 4 , S206 shown in FIG. 6 , or S306 shown in FIG. 8 .

[0237] In one possible implementation, if the first parameter set also includes a second parameter, the apparatus 1100 may further include: a second downsampling unit and a third tuning unit. The second downsampling unit is configured to downsample the second parameter to obtain second downsampled data of the second parameter; and the third tuning unit is configured to determine a first-generation tuning value for the second parameter based on the first downsampled data, the second downsampled data, and the first quality information. The first tuning unit 1102 is specifically configured to determine the first-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the first downsampled data, the second downsampled data, and the first quality information.

[0238] In one possible implementation, if the first parameter set also includes a second parameter, the apparatus 1100 may further include: a second candidate unit and a fourth tuning unit. The second candidate unit is configured to obtain second candidate data for the second parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter and the second deviation range of the second parameter, where the second candidate data is a value of the second parameter centered on the first-generation tuning value of the second parameter and a number corresponding to the second deviation range; and the fourth tuning unit is configured to determine the second-generation tuning value of the second parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the second candidate data, and second quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the second candidate data.

[0239] In one possible implementation, the apparatus 1100 may further include a grouping unit. The grouping unit is configured to group the multiple parameters to be configured for the equalizer based on their impact on equalization performance in the communication system, thereby obtaining multiple parameter sets, where the multiple parameter sets include a first parameter set. As an example, the multiple parameter sets may further include a second parameter set, which is a set of non-critical parameters of the equalizer.

[0240] In one possible implementation, the second parameter set may include a third parameter, and the apparatus 1100 may further include: a third downsampling unit and a fifth tuning unit. The third downsampling unit is configured to, after determining the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, downsample the third parameter to obtain third downsampled data of the third parameter; and the fifth tuning unit is configured to determine the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the third downsampled data, and third quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the third quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third downsampled data. For this implementation, reference may be made to the description of S203 and S204 in method 200 shown in FIG. 6 .

[0241] As an example, the apparatus 1100 may further include: a third candidate unit and a sixth tuning unit. The third candidate unit is configured to, after determining the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, obtain third candidate data for the third parameter based on the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter and a third deviation range of the third parameter. The third candidate data is a number of values ​​of the third parameter corresponding to the third deviation range, centered around the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter. The sixth tuning unit is configured to determine the second-generation tuning value of the third parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the third candidate data, and fourth quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY. The fourth quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third candidate data. For this implementation, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of S307 and S308 in method 300 shown in FIG. 8 .

[0242] In one possible implementation, the apparatus 1100 may further include a configuration unit. The configuration unit is configured to determine a tuning result based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter if a tuning cutoff condition is met, and configure the equalizer based on the tuning result. The tuning cutoff condition may include at least one of the following conditions: the number of tuning generations is equal to a preset number; or the difference between the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the current generation of tuning and the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the previous generation of tuning is less than a preset difference threshold; or the tuning value corresponding to the current generation of tuning is equal to the tuning value obtained by the previous generation of tuning for the corresponding parameter.

[0243] As an example, the apparatus 1100 may further include: a fourth candidate unit and a seventh tuning unit. The fourth candidate unit is configured to, when the tuning cutoff condition is not met, obtain fourth candidate data for the first parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter and the fourth deviation range of the first parameter, wherein the fourth candidate data is a number of values ​​of the first parameter corresponding to the fourth deviation range, centered around the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter; and the seventh tuning unit is configured to determine a third-generation tuning value for the first parameter based on the fourth candidate data and fifth quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, wherein the fifth quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the fourth candidate data. The third-generation tuning value is used to update the second-generation tuning value to configure the equalizer.

[0244] In a possible implementation, the quality information is reflected by a value of at least one of the following indicators: BER, SNR, SER, ER, or TDECQ.

[0245] In one possible implementation, a communication system may include a signal transmission link from a first device to a second device via a first module and a second module. The first parameter is an equalization parameter to be configured on the signal transmission link. As an example, the first module and the second module may both be linear direct-drive optical modules.

[0246] In another possible implementation, the first parameter may also be a tap coefficient of a multi-tap equalizer in a communication system. As an example, the communication system may be a communication system in a high-speed interconnection scenario of 224G or higher.

[0247] In a possible implementation, the PHY may belong to any device in the communication system, for example, it may belong to a sending device on a signal transmission link in the communication system, or it may belong to a receiving device on the signal transmission link.

[0248] In a possible implementation, the PHY may include firmware or main control board control software.

[0249] In one possible implementation, the equalizer may include CTLE and / or FFE.

[0250] It should be noted that various specific implementation modes of the communication device 1100 can be found in the relevant introduction of method 100 corresponding to FIG4 , method 200 corresponding to FIG6 , or method 300 corresponding to FIG8 , which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0251] Referring to Figure 12 , an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device 1200. The communication device 1200 can be the execution entity of any of the aforementioned embodiments. The communication device 1200 can implement the functions of the aforementioned embodiments. The communication device 1200 includes at least one processor 1201, a bus system 1202, a memory 1203, and at least one communication interface 1204.

[0252] The communication device 1200 is a hardware device that can be used to implement the functional modules in the communication device 1100 shown in Figure 11. For example, those skilled in the art can imagine that the first downsampling unit 1101, the first tuning unit 1102, the first candidate unit 1103, and the second tuning unit 1104 in the communication device 1100 shown in Figure 11 are implemented by the at least one processor 1201 calling the code in the memory 1203.

[0253] Optionally, the communication device 1200 may be a network device or a control entity implementing an embodiment of the present application.

[0254] Optionally, the processor 1201 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application.

[0255] The bus system 1202 may include a path for transmitting information between the components.

[0256] The communication interface 1204 is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks.

[0257] The memory 1203 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and capable of being accessed by a computer, but not limited thereto. The memory may be independent and connected to the processor via a bus. The memory may also be integrated with the processor.

[0258] The memory 1203 is used to store application code for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 1201. The processor 1201 is used to execute the application code stored in the memory 1203, thereby realizing the functions of the method of the present application.

[0259] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 1201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG12 .

[0260] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 1200 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 1201 and the processor 1207 in FIG12 . Each of these processors may be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. The processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0261] It should be understood that the communication devices in the various product forms mentioned above respectively have any functions implemented by the execution subject in the above method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0262] The present application also provides a chip including a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is configured to receive instructions and transmit them to the processor; the processor, which may be, for example, a specific implementation of the message processing device in the present application embodiment, may be configured to execute the aforementioned method 100, method 200, or method 300. The processor is coupled to a memory configured to store programs or instructions. When the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the chip system implements the method in any of the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0263] Optionally, there may be one or more processors in the chip system. The processor may be implemented in hardware or software. When implemented in hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc. When implemented in software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software code stored in a memory.

[0264] Optionally, the memory in the chip system may be one or more memories. The memory may be integrated with the processor or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited in this application. For example, the memory may be a non-transient processor, such as a read-only memory (ROM), which may be integrated with the processor on the same chip or provided on different chips. This application does not specifically limit the type of memory or the configuration of the memory and the processor.

[0265] Exemplarily, the chip system can be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.

[0266] In addition, an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which includes a PHY, which belongs to a communication system, and the communication system also includes an equalizer; the PHY is used to execute the above-mentioned method 100, method 200 or method 300 to tune the parameters of the equalizer.

[0267] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system 1300, as shown in FIG13. The communication system 1300 may include a PHY 1301 and an equalizer 1302; wherein:

[0268] PHY 1301 is configured to execute method 100 , method 200 , or method 300 to tune parameters of the equalizer 1302 .

[0269] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium, in which program code or instructions are stored. When the storage medium is run on a processor, the processor executes a method in any one of the implementation modes of the above embodiments.

[0270] In addition, an embodiment of the present application also provides a program product, which, when executed on a processor, enables the processor to execute any one of the aforementioned methods 100, 200, or 300.

[0271] It should be understood that "determining B based on A" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application does not mean determining B only based on A, but B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0272] It should be understood that the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0273] In this application, ordinal numbers such as "1", "2", "3", "first", "second" and "third" are used to distinguish multiple objects and are not used to limit the order of multiple objects.

[0274] “A and / or B” mentioned in this application should be understood to include the following situations: only A, only B, or both A and B.

[0275] Through the description of the above embodiments, it can be known that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the above embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a general hardware platform. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a storage medium, such as a read-only memory (ROM) / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a router) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain parts of the embodiments of the present application.

[0276] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments and device embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For relevant parts, refer to the partial description of the method embodiment. The device and system embodiments described above are merely schematic. The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without making any creative effort.

[0277] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make several improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of protection of the present application, and such improvements and modifications should also be considered as within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for tuning parameters of an equalizer, characterized in that: The equalizer belongs to a communication system, the communication system includes a physical layer PHY, the method is applied to the PHY, and the method includes: downsampling a first parameter to obtain first downsampled data of the first parameter, where the first parameter belongs to a first parameter set, which is an important parameter set among parameters of the equalizer; determining, based on the first down-sampled data and first quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, a first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, wherein the first quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first down-sampled data, and the first-generation tuning value is used to configure the equalizer; obtaining, based on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter and the first deviation range of the first parameter, first candidate data for the first parameter, where the first candidate data is a number of values of the first parameter corresponding to the first deviation range and centered on the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter; Based on the first candidate data and the second quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, a second-generation tuning value of the first parameter is determined, where the second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the first candidate data, and the second-generation tuning value is used to update the first-generation tuning value to configure the equalizer.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first parameter set also includes a second parameter, and the method further includes: downsampling the second parameter to obtain second downsampled data of the second parameter; determining a first-generation tuning value of the second parameter according to the first down-sampled data, the second down-sampled data, and the first quality information; The determining, according to the first down-sampled data and the first quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, a first-generation tuning value of the first parameter includes: A first-generation tuning value of the first parameter is determined according to the first down-sampled data, the second down-sampled data, and the first quality information.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method further comprises: obtaining, based on the first-generation optimized value of the second parameter and the second deviation range of the second parameter, second candidate data for the second parameter, where the second candidate data are values of the second parameter centered on the first-generation optimized value of the second parameter and a number corresponding to the second deviation range; The second-generation tuning value of the second parameter is determined according to the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the second candidate data, and second quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the second quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the second candidate data.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The method further comprises: According to the influence of the multiple parameters to be configured of the equalizer on the equalization performance in the communication system, the multiple parameters are grouped to obtain multiple parameter sets, and the multiple parameter sets include the first parameter set.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The plurality of parameter sets further includes a second parameter set, which is a non-important parameter set among the parameters of the equalizer.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The second parameter set includes a third parameter. After determining the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the method further includes: downsampling the third parameter to obtain third downsampled data of the third parameter; Determine the first-generation tuning value of the third parameter according to the first-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the third down-sampled data, and third quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, where the third quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third down-sampled data.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that After determining the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the method further includes: Obtaining third candidate data for the third parameter based on the first-generation optimized value of the third parameter and a third deviation range of the third parameter, where the third candidate data is a number of values of the third parameter corresponding to the third deviation range, centered around the first-generation optimized value of the third parameter; The second-generation tuning value of the third parameter is determined according to the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, the third candidate data, and fourth quality information of the electrical signal in the PHY, where the fourth quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the third candidate data.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The method further comprises: If the tuning cutoff condition is met, a tuning result is determined based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter, and the equalizer is configured based on the tuning result.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The method further comprises: If the tuning cutoff condition is not met, obtaining fourth candidate data for the first parameter based on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter and a fourth deviation range of the first parameter, where the fourth candidate data is a value of the first parameter centered on the second-generation tuning value of the first parameter and a number corresponding to the fourth deviation range; Based on the fourth candidate data and the fifth quality information in the electrical signal in the PHY, a third-generation tuning value of the first parameter is determined, where the fifth quality information is used to characterize the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the fourth candidate data, and the third-generation tuning value is used to update the second-generation tuning value to configure the equalizer.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that The tuning cutoff condition includes at least one of the following conditions: The number of tuning generations is equal to the preset number; Alternatively, the difference between the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the current generation tuning and the quality of the electrical signal corresponding to the previous generation tuning is less than a preset difference threshold; Alternatively, the tuning value corresponding to the current generation tuning is equal to the tuning value of the corresponding parameter obtained by the previous generation tuning.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The quality information is reflected by the value of at least one of the following indicators: bit error rate BER, signal-to-noise ratio SNR, symbol error rate SER, extinction ratio ER or transmitter dispersion eye closure penalty TDECQ.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The communication system includes a signal transmission link connected from a first device to a second device through a first module and a second module, and the first parameter is an equalization parameter to be configured on the signal transmission link.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The first module and the second module are both linear direct-drive optical modules.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The first parameter is a tap coefficient of a multi-tap equalizer in the communication system.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The communication system is a communication system for high-speed interconnection scenarios of 224G and above.

16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that: The PHY belongs to any device in the communication system.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that: The PHY includes firmware or main control board control software.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that The equalizer includes a continuous time linear equalizer CTLE and / or a feedforward equalizer FFE.

19. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes a PHY, the PHY belongs to a communication system, and the communication system includes an equalizer; The PHY is used to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 18 to tune the parameters of the equalizer.

20. A chip, characterized in that: including an interface circuit and a processor; The interface circuit is used to receive instructions and transmit them to the processor; The processor is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

21. A chip, characterized in that: including processor and memory; The memory is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to call and execute the instructions from the memory to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

22. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes a memory and a processor; The memory is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to execute the instructions in the memory and perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

23. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system includes a PHY and an equalizer; The PHY is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18 to tune the parameters of the equalizer.

24. A storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium includes instructions, and when the instructions are executed on a processor, the processor is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

25. A program product, characterized in that The program product includes a program, and when the program is run on a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18 is executed.

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