Housing assembly for a turbomachine, compressor device, turbocharger device, and internal combustion engine

Abstract

The invention relates to a housing assembly (7) for a turbomachine, comprising an impeller housing (17) and a bearing housing (19), wherein - the impeller housing (17) has a receiving space (21) which is designed to receive an impeller (9), wherein - the impeller housing (17) has a fastening region (29) which is arranged and designed to receive at least one fastening element (30), the impeller housing (17) being connected to the bearing housing (19) by means of the at least one fastening element (30), wherein - the impeller housing (17) has a protective structure (31) which has at least one projection (33), the at least one projection (33) extending radially inwards from the fastening region (29) with respect to an imaginary axis of rotation (20) of the impeller (9), wherein - the protective structure (31) is formed and designed to protect a fastening function of the at least one fastening element (30) from impairment. The invention also relates to a compressor device (3) having such a housing assembly (7), to a turbocharger device (1) having such a compressor device (3), and to an internal combustion engine (2) having such a compressor device (3) and / or such a turbocharger device (1).

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Housing arrangement for a turbomachine, compressor device, turbocharger device and internal combustion engine

[0003] The invention relates to a housing arrangement for a turbomachine, a compressor device, a turbocharger device and an internal combustion engine.

[0004] A housing arrangement for a turbomachine, in particular a compressor device, in particular a turbocharger device, typically comprises an impeller housing, in particular a compressor housing and / or a turbine housing, and a bearing housing. The impeller housing has a receiving space designed to accommodate an impeller, in particular a compressor wheel or a turbine wheel. The impeller housing further has a fastening region arranged and designed to receive at least one fastening element—usually a plurality of fastening elements—wherein the impeller housing is connected to the bearing housing by means of the at least one fastening element. During normal operation, the impeller rotates in the impeller housing at a speed of up to 150,000 rpm.In this case, an emergency event may result in the impeller being mechanically destroyed, in particular breaking or bursting, during operation of the turbomachine. The comparatively high kinetic energy of the impeller debris upon impact with the impeller casing, in particular in the fastening area, may result in one or more of the fastening elements being destroyed, in particular sheared off, whereby the fastening function of the fastening elements is no longer ensured. In this case, it is possible that the impeller casing may become detached from the bearing housing due to the insufficient, or in particular no longer existing, fastening thereof and may fall uncontrollably, causing further damage, particularly in a machine room in which the turbomachine with the impeller casing is arranged.Furthermore, debris can escape from the impeller casing and cause further damage in the machine room, and in the worst case, even personal injury to operating personnel. Previously, the impeller casing was connected to the bearing housing using a large number of fasteners. Alternatively, or in addition, more stable and massive bolts were used as fasteners. Both solutions are unsatisfactory, as a larger number of bolts reduces the lubricant separation space, and more massive bolts require more space, which is not available.

[0005] The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a housing arrangement for a turbomachine, a compressor device, a turbocharger device and an internal combustion engine, wherein the aforementioned disadvantages are reduced, preferably not occurring.

[0006] The object is achieved by providing the present technical teaching, in particular the teaching of the independent claims as well as the preferred embodiments disclosed in the dependent claims and the description.

[0007] The object is achieved in particular by providing a housing arrangement for a turbomachine, which has an impeller housing and a bearing housing. The impeller housing has a receiving space which is designed to receive an impeller. The impeller housing further has a fastening region which is arranged and designed to receive at least one fastening element. The impeller housing is connected, in particular screwed, to the bearing housing by means of the at least one fastening element. The impeller housing further has a protective structure which has at least one web. The at least one web extends, starting from the fastening region, radially inward with respect to an imaginary axis of rotation of the impeller, that is to say towards the axis of rotation.The protective structure, in particular the at least one web, is designed and configured to protect - in particular in the event of an emergency - a fastening function of the at least one fastening element from being impaired - in particular by the emergency event.

[0008] Advantageously, the at least one fastening element is protected by the at least one web, in particular in such a way that impacting debris is deflected over the at least one fastening element. This prevents a reduction, in particular a loss, of the fastening function of the at least one fastening element. The impeller housing remains securely and stably connected to the bearing housing even if the impeller bursts, thereby reducing, and preferably preventing, further damage to the engine compartment. At the same time, it is particularly unnecessary to increase the number of fastening elements. Alternatively or additionally, the use of more massive fastening elements can be dispensed with. Advantageously, this allows the housing arrangement to be compact. In particular, the mechanical strength of the fastening area is increased by means of the protective structure, in particular by means of the at least one web.

[0009] In the context of the present technical teaching, an emergency event is understood to mean, for example, mechanical destruction, in particular breakage, in particular bursting of the impeller, in particular during operation of a turbomachine having the housing arrangement, in particular at comparatively high speeds of the impeller.

[0010] Preferably, the protective structure, in particular the at least one web, is designed and configured to prevent a reduction in the fastening function, preferably a cancellation of the fastening function, in particular a destruction of the at least one fastening element, in the event of an emergency.

[0011] In one embodiment, the receiving space is fluidly connected to a diffuser, so that a medium, in particular a charging gas, which flows through the receiving space and the impeller arranged therein, then flows through the diffuser.

[0012] In one embodiment, the impeller is designed as a paddle wheel with a plurality of rotor blades. The rotor blades are, in particular, profiled. In particular, the rotor blades are arranged distributed around the imaginary axis of rotation.

[0013] The fastening region has at least one - in particular a plurality of - fastening openings, each of which is designed to receive a fastening element of the at least one fastening element. The fastening element can preferably be inserted into the fastening opening, in particular fully inserted, in particular such that the fastening element does not protrude beyond the fastening region in the direction of the receiving space, preferably in the direction of the impeller, in the insertion direction. In particular, the fastening opening is designed as a through-hole and the fastening element as a penetration element, in particular as a screw or a bolt. The through-hole has a larger diameter, in particular in a head region - towards the receiving space - than in a shaft region adjacent to the head region - directed towards the bearing housing.The screw can be inserted from the receiving space into the fastening opening, wherein the screw protrudes in particular on a rear side of the impeller housing so that the screw can be screwed into the bearing housing. A screw head of the screw can be completely received by the head region; in particular, the screw head is arranged completely in the head region. However, the fastening region also comprises a region of the impeller housing surrounding the fastening opening. In particular, the fastening region extends from a surface of the impeller housing facing the receiving space to a contact surface - the rear side facing the bearing housing - of the impeller housing, which contact surface rests against the bearing housing.

[0014] According to a further development of the invention, the impeller housing comprises a housing element and an intermediate fastening element. The intermediate fastening element comprises the fastening region.

[0015] In one embodiment, the intermediate fastening element is an impeller housing rear wall. The intermediate fastening element is preferably disc-shaped and / or - in the assembled state - arranged directly behind the impeller, wherein an impeller axis, in particular impeller shaft, passes through a particularly central passage in the impeller housing rear wall. The intermediate fastening element closes an axial opening in the housing element and thus delimits the receiving space of the impeller housing in which the impeller is arranged, so that on the one hand the impeller is held in position in the impeller housing and on the other hand leakage flows are avoided. In particular, the intermediate fastening element is arranged between the housing element and the bearing housing.

[0016] The opening is preferably formed in the impeller housing, in particular on a side of the impeller housing facing the bearing housing, so that – during assembly – the impeller can be moved into the impeller housing, in particular into the receiving space. The opening therefore has a diameter that is larger than the diameter of the impeller. Furthermore, the opening is preferably formed concentrically to the impeller's imaginary axis of rotation. This prevents imbalance during operation and enables safe and easy assembly.

[0017] In one embodiment, the intermediate fastening element has the fastening opening. In particular, the at least one fastening element is inserted into the intermediate fastening element, in particular into the fastening opening. In particular, the intermediate fastening element is connected to the housing element in a fluid-tight manner, in particular by screwing.

[0018] According to a further development of the invention, the at least one web is arranged radially within the at least one fastening element relative to the imaginary axis of rotation. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one web is also aligned with the at least one fastening element.

[0019] The fact that the at least one web is arranged radially within the at least one fastening element with respect to the imaginary axis of rotation means, in the context of the present technical teaching, in particular that the at least one web is arranged at a first radial distance from the imaginary axis of rotation, wherein the at least one fastening element is arranged at a second radial distance, which is greater than the first radial distance, from the imaginary axis of rotation.

[0020] In the context of the present technical teaching, the fact that the at least one web is arranged radially aligned with the at least one fastening element relative to the imaginary axis of rotation means, in particular, that the at least one web and the at least one fastening element are arranged on the same imaginary radial line emanating from the imaginary axis of rotation. In particular, a web center of the web and a fastening element center of the fastening element are arranged on the same imaginary radial line emanating from the imaginary axis of rotation.

[0021] According to a further development of the invention, the at least one web is arranged on a side of the impeller housing facing the bearing housing. Advantageously, the receiving space and the impeller arranged therein are not impaired by the at least one web; in particular, a reduction in the size of the receiving space and the impeller is not necessary.

[0022] In particular, the side facing the bearing housing is arranged on the same side as the contact surface, in particular arranged parallel to each other.

[0023] According to a further development of the invention, the at least one web is formed by the impeller housing. In particular, the at least one web can be manufactured during the manufacture of the impeller housing.

[0024] According to a further development of the invention, the impeller housing is connected, in particular screwed, to the bearing housing by means of a plurality of fastening elements of the at least one fastening element. Each fastening element of the plurality of fastening elements is assigned a web of the at least one web. The respective web is designed and configured to protect the fastening function of the fastening element assigned to the web from impairment, in particular due to the emergency event, in particular in the event of the impeller bursting, and in particular to prevent the fastening function from being canceled, in particular the destruction of the at least one fastening element.

[0025] In one embodiment, the fastening elements are distributed circumferentially around the imaginary axis of rotation—in particular, evenly. As a result, the intermediate fastening element is securely and tightly connected, in particular screwed, to the housing element.

[0026] In one embodiment, a single fastening element of the plurality of fastening elements is assigned to a web, in particular to each web, of the at least one web. In particular, the respective web is arranged radially within the fastening element assigned to the web with respect to the imaginary axis of rotation. In particular, the respective web is arranged radially aligned with the fastening element assigned to the web with respect to the imaginary axis of rotation. According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the at least one web extends from a surface of the impeller housing that is transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the imaginary axis of rotation along the imaginary axis of rotation in the direction of the bearing housing.

[0027] According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that an axial boundary surface of the at least one web is set back from the bearing housing in the direction of the imaginary axis of rotation relative to the contact surface of the impeller housing, which contact surface rests against the bearing housing.

[0028] In particular, the axial boundary surface is directed toward the bearing housing. In particular, the axial boundary surface is arranged transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the imaginary axis of rotation. In particular, the axial boundary surface faces a bearing housing fastening element. This can advantageously also be protected by the protective structure, in particular by the at least one web.

[0029] According to a further development of the invention, a recess, in particular an annular recess, is arranged between the at least one web and an annular sealing region of the impeller housing, in particular in the radial direction. The annular sealing region seals the impeller housing against a shaft connected to the impeller, in particular in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0030] The recess is delimited in particular by an outer circumferential surface of the ring sealing area and in sections by a radial inner surface of the at least one web.

[0031] The object is also achieved by providing a compressor device with a housing arrangement according to the invention or a housing arrangement according to one or more of the previously described embodiments. The impeller of the housing arrangement is designed as the compressor wheel of the compressor device. In connection with the compressor device, the advantages that were already explained in connection with the housing arrangement arise in particular. In one embodiment, the compressor wheel is driven by an electric motor. Alternatively, the compressor wheel is driven mechanically, for example by means of a belt drive, by an internal combustion engine that has the compressor device. Such a compressor device, which dispenses with a turbine arrangement, is colloquially referred to as an electric turbocharger - when driven by the electric motor - or as a compressor - when driven mechanically by the internal combustion engine.

[0032] The object is also achieved by providing a turbocharger device with a compressor device according to the invention or a compressor device according to one or more of the previously described embodiments and a turbine arrangement. The turbine arrangement has a turbine housing with a turbine wheel. The turbine wheel is drivingly connected to the compressor wheel, for example, via a shaft. In connection with the turbocharger device, the advantages already explained in connection with the housing arrangement and the compressor device arise in particular.

[0033] In addition to the drive via the turbine wheel, a torque for the compressor wheel can be provided by an engine, in particular an internal combustion engine and / or an electric motor.

[0034] The object is also achieved by providing an internal combustion engine with a compressor device according to the invention or a compressor device according to one or more of the previously described embodiments and / or a turbocharger device according to the invention or a turbocharger device according to one or more of the previously described embodiments. In connection with the internal combustion engine, the advantages already explained in connection with the housing arrangement, the compressor device, and the turbocharger device are particularly advantageous.

[0035] In one embodiment, the compressor device and the turbine assembly of the turbocharger device each have a flow inlet and a flow outlet. During operation, exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine flows through the turbine wheel, causing the turbine wheel to rotate. The compressor wheel is rotated by means of a shaft, compressing a charge gas from the internal combustion engine and supplying it to the internal combustion engine.

[0036] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings, which show:

[0037] Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a turbocharger device,

[0038] Fig. 2 is a schematic, enlarged view of the turbocharger device according to Figure 1,

[0039] Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of an intermediate fastening element of the turbocharger device according to Figure 1 and

[0040] Fig. 4 is a schematic, enlarged view of the intermediate fastening element according to Figure 3.

[0041] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a turbocharger device 1. The turbocharger device 1 is used, for example, in an internal combustion engine 2 (not shown in detail) in order to compress a charge gas of the internal combustion engine 2.

[0042] The turbocharger device 1 comprises a compressor device 3 and a turbine arrangement 5. The compressor device 3 comprises a housing arrangement 7. An impeller 9 of the housing arrangement 7 is designed as a compressor wheel 10 of the compressor device 3. The turbine arrangement 5 comprises a turbine housing 11 and a turbine wheel 13. The turbine wheel 13 is drive-connected to the compressor wheel 10 by means of a shaft 5. The shaft 15 is mounted in a bearing housing 19 for rotation about a rotation axis 20 (shown in dashed lines).

[0043] The housing assembly 7 comprises an impeller housing 17 and the bearing housing 19. The impeller housing 17 has a receiving space 21 configured to accommodate the impeller 9. The receiving space 21 is fluidly connected to a diffuser 23, so that a medium, in particular the charge gas, which flows through the receiving space 21 and the impeller 9 arranged therein, subsequently flows through the diffuser 23.

[0044] In this exemplary embodiment, the impeller housing 17 comprises a housing element 25 and an intermediate fastening element 27, thus being constructed in two parts. The intermediate fastening element 27 is screwed to the housing element 25 in a fluid-tight manner. The intermediate fastening element 27 further comprises a fastening region 29.

[0045] In another embodiment not shown here, the impeller housing 17 is constructed in one piece, thus, in particular, it does not have an intermediate fastening element 27. The impeller housing 17 can be screwed directly to the bearing housing 19. The following description relating to the intermediate fastening element 27 therefore refers, in the embodiment not shown here—i.e., when the impeller housing 17 is constructed in one piece—to the impeller housing 17 itself.

[0046] A section A - shown in dashed lines - is shown enlarged in Figure 2.

[0047] Figure 2 shows a schematic, enlarged view of the turbocharger device 1 according to Figure 1.

[0048] Identical and functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures, so that reference is made to the preceding description in each case.

[0049] The fastening region 29 is arranged and configured to receive at least one fastening element 30. The intermediate fastening element 27 is screwed to the bearing housing 19 by means of the at least one fastening element 30. The intermediate fastening element 27 further comprises a protective structure 31 having at least one web 33—here, six webs 33, see Figure 4. The at least one web 33 extends radially inward from the fastening region 29 relative to an imaginary axis of rotation 20 of the impeller 9—shown in dashed lines—that is, toward the axis of rotation 20. The protective structure 31, in particular the at least one web 33, is designed and configured to protect a fastening function of the at least one fastening element 30 from being impaired—in particular by the emergency event—in particular in the event of an emergency.

[0050] The fastening area 29 has at least one—in particular, several—fastening openings 35, each of which is designed to receive a fastening element 30 of the at least one fastening element 30. Preferably, the fastening element 30 is fully inserted into the fastening opening 35 such that, in the insertion direction, the fastening element 30 does not protrude beyond the fastening area 29 in the direction of the receiving space 21, in particular in the direction of the impeller 9. In particular, the fastening opening 35 is designed as a through-hole 36, and the fastening element 30 is designed as a penetration element 34, in particular a screw or a bolt. The through-hole 36 has a larger diameter, in particular in a head area 37—toward the receiving space 21—than in a shaft area 39 adjacent to the head area 37—directed toward the bearing housing 19.The screw can be inserted into the fastening opening 35 from a side facing the receiving space 21, wherein the screw protrudes in particular on a rear side 41 of the intermediate fastening element 27 so that the screw can be screwed into the bearing housing 19. A screw head 43 of the screw is completely received by the head region 37, in particular the screw head 43 is completely arranged in the head region 37. The fastening region 29 also comprises a region of the impeller housing 17 surrounding the fastening opening 35. In particular, the fastening region 29 extends from a surface 45 of the intermediate fastening element 27 facing the receiving space 21 to a contact surface 47 - the rear side 41 facing the bearing housing 19 - of the intermediate fastening element 27, which contact surface rests against the bearing housing 19.

[0051] The at least one web 33 is arranged on a side facing the bearing housing 19 - the rear side 41 - of the intermediate fastening element 27 and is formed by the intermediate fastening element 27.

[0052] The intermediate fastening element 27 is shown individually in the direction of view along an arrow B in Figure 3. Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the intermediate fastening element 27 of the turbocharger device 1 according to Figure 1 (not shown here).

[0053] The at least one web 33 is arranged radially within the fastening opening 35 associated with the at least one fastening element 30 (not shown here) relative to the imaginary rotation axis 20, represented by a cross. Preferably, the at least one web 33 is aligned with the associated fastening opening 35.

[0054] Radially inward means that the at least one web 33 is arranged at a first radial distance from the imaginary axis of rotation 20, wherein the fastening opening 35 assigned to the at least one fastening element 30 is arranged at a second radial distance, which is greater than the first radial distance, from the imaginary axis of rotation 20.

[0055] Radially aligned means that the at least one web 33 and the fastening opening 35 associated with the at least one fastening element 30 are arranged on the same radial line C - shown in dashed lines - emanating from the imaginary axis of rotation 20. In particular, a web center of the web 33 and a fastening opening center of the fastening opening 35 associated with the fastening element 30 are arranged on the same radial line C emanating from the imaginary axis of rotation 20.

[0056] The intermediate fastening element 27 is screwed to the bearing housing 19 by means of a plurality of fastening elements 30 (not shown here) of the at least one fastening element 30. Each fastening element 30 of the plurality of fastening elements 30 is assigned a web 33 of the at least one web 33. For example, the web 33.1 is assigned to a first fastening opening 35.1 assigned to a first fastening element, and the web 33.2 is assigned to a second fastening opening 35.2 assigned to a second fastening element. The respective web 33 is designed and configured to protect the fastening function of the fastening element 30 assigned to the web 33 from impairment, in particular due to the emergency event, in particular in the event of the impeller 9 bursting, and in particular to prevent the fastening function from being canceled, in particular the destruction of the at least one fastening element 30.The fastening elements 30 are arranged in a circumferential direction around the imaginary axis of rotation 20, preferably uniformly.

[0057] A single fastening element 30 of the plurality of fastening elements 30 is assigned to each web 33, in particular to each web 33, of the at least one web 33. In particular, the respective web 33 is arranged radially within the fastening element 30 assigned to the web 33 with respect to the imaginary axis of rotation 20. In particular, the respective web 33 is arranged radially aligned with the fastening element 30 assigned to the web 33 with respect to the imaginary axis of rotation 20.

[0058] A section D, shown in dashed lines, tilted in the view is shown enlarged in Figure 4.

[0059] Figure 4 shows a schematic, enlarged view of the intermediate fastening element 27 according to Figure 3.

[0060] The at least one web 33 extends from a surface 45 of the intermediate fastening element 27 that is transverse to the imaginary axis of rotation 20 along the imaginary axis of rotation 20 in the direction of the bearing housing 19, not shown here. An axial boundary surface 49 of the at least one web 33 is set back from the bearing housing 19 in the direction of the imaginary axis of rotation 20 relative to the contact surface 47 of the intermediate fastening element 27 that bears against the bearing housing 19.

[0061] The axial boundary surface 49 is directed toward the bearing housing 19 and is arranged transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the imaginary rotation axis 20. The axial boundary surface 49 faces a bearing housing fastening element 51 of the bearing housing 19 - see Figure 2.

[0062] A recess 55, in particular an annular recess, is arranged between the at least one web 33 and an annular sealing region 53 of the intermediate fastening element 27, in particular in the radial direction. The annular sealing region 53 seals the intermediate fastening element 27 from the shaft 15, which is connected to the impeller 9, in particular in a rotationally fixed manner (see Figure 1). The recess 55 is delimited by an outer circumferential surface 57 of the annular sealing region 53 and, in sections, by a radial inner surface 59 of the at least one web 33.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Housing arrangement (7) for a turbomachine, comprising: an impeller housing (17) and a bearing housing (19), wherein - the impeller housing (17) has a receiving space (21) which is designed to receive an impeller (9), wherein - the impeller housing (17) has a fastening region (29) which is arranged and configured to receive at least one fastening element (30), wherein the impeller housing (17) is connected to the bearing housing (19) by means of the at least one fastening element (30), wherein - the impeller housing (17) has a protective structure (31) which has at least one web (33), wherein the at least one web (33) extends radially inward from the fastening region (29) relative to an imaginary axis of rotation (20) of the impeller (9), wherein - the protective structure (31) is designed and configured to protect a fastening function of the at least one fastening element (30) from impairment.

2. Housing arrangement (7) according to claim 1, wherein - the impeller housing (17) has a housing element (25) and an intermediate fastening element (27), wherein - the intermediate fastening element (27) has the fastening area (29).

3. Housing arrangement (7) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - the at least one web (33) is arranged radially inside the at least one fastening element (30) with respect to the imaginary axis of rotation (20), wherein the at least one web (33) is preferably arranged radially aligned with the at least one fastening element (30).

4. Housing arrangement (7) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - the at least one web (33) is arranged on a side of the impeller housing (17) facing the bearing housing (19).

5. Housing arrangement (7) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one web (33) is formed by the impeller housing (17).

6. Housing arrangement (7) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - the impeller housing (17) is connected to the bearing housing (19) by means of a plurality of fastening elements (30) of the at least one fastening element (30), wherein - each fastening element (30) of the plurality of fastening elements (30) is assigned a web (33) of the at least one web (33), wherein - the web (33) is designed and arranged to protect the fastening function of the fastening element (30) associated with the web (33) from impairment.

7. Housing arrangement (7) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - the at least one web (33) extends from a surface (45) of the impeller housing (17) which is transverse to the imaginary axis of rotation (20) along the imaginary axis of rotation (20) in the direction of the bearing housing (19).

8. Housing arrangement (7) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - an axial boundary surface (49) of the at least one web (33) is set back from the bearing housing (19) in the direction of the imaginary axis of rotation (20) relative to a contact surface (47) of the impeller housing (17), which contact surface bears against the bearing housing (19).

9. Housing arrangement (7) according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein - a recess (55) is arranged between the at least one web (33) and an annular sealing region (53) of the impeller housing (17), which seals the impeller housing (17) with respect to an axle (15) connected to the impeller (9).

10. Compressor device (3) with a housing arrangement (7) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - the impeller (9) of the housing arrangement (7) is designed as a compressor wheel (10) of the compressor device (3).

11. Turbocharger device (1) with a compressor device (3) according to claim 10 and a turbine arrangement (5), wherein - the turbine arrangement (5) has a turbine housing (11) with a turbine wheel (13), wherein - the turbine wheel (13) is operatively connected to the compressor wheel (10) drive.

12. Internal combustion engine (2) with a compressor device (3) according to claim 10 and / or a turbocharger device (1) according to claim 11.

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