Vehicle window glass and vehicle

Abstract

Vehicle window glass (0) and a vehicle (3). The vehicle window glass (0) comprises laminated glass (1) and an anti-reflection layer (2); the laminated glass (1) is provided with a heating area (11) and an information acquisition area (12), and the information acquisition area (12) is located within the heating area (11); the laminated glass (1) comprises an inner surface (102) and an outer surface (101), the anti-reflection layer (2) is arranged on the inner surface (102) of the laminated glass (1), and in the thickness direction of the laminated glass (1), the projection of the anti-reflection layer (2) on the inner surface (102) completely covers the information acquisition area (12); the heating area (11) comprises a plurality of heating wires (13), the plurality of heating wires (13) are arranged between the inner surface (102) and the outer surface (101) of the laminated glass (1), and the plurality of heating wires (13) are located between two ends of the laminated glass (1) and extend in the longitudinal direction; the diameter of each heating wire (13) ranges from 0.021 mm to 0.03 mm, and the distance between every two adjacent heating wires (13) ranges from 2.1 mm to 3.5 mm.

Description

Window glass and vehicle

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to a Chinese patent application filed with the Patent Office of China on March 1, 2024, with application number 202410236835.0 and application name “A Vehicle Window Glass and Vehicle,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention belongs to the technical field of glass, and in particular relates to a vehicle window glass and a vehicle. Background Art

[0003] Laser radar, also known as LiDAR, is a sensor based on non-contact laser ranging technology. It consists of three main components: a transmitter system, a receiver system, and a control system. Currently, mass-produced vehicles on the market typically use mechanical LiDARs, which are externally mounted on the vehicle's roof, headlights, front grille, or roof panel. However, external LiDARs have drawbacks such as being bulky and heavy, and being susceptible to rain, snow, gravel, and wind.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies mostly adopt the solution of built-in LiDAR (that is, placing the LiDAR on the inside of the windshield). The size and weight of solid-state LiDAR can be greatly reduced, and it will not be affected by rain, snow, gravel, or wind. However, since the solid-state LiDAR is installed on the inside of the windshield, the windshield will have a certain blocking effect on the LiDAR signal. In addition, the windshield is sometimes covered with frost, fog, etc. In order to remove the frost and fog on the windshield, a layer of heating wire is usually embedded in the windshield. The heating wire is made of metal, usually tungsten wire. The metal heating wire will cause a certain degree of obstruction or even shielding of the LiDAR signal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a vehicle window glass and a vehicle that can be heated to achieve the effect of defrosting and defogging without causing significant obstruction to the laser radar signal.

[0006] The present invention provides a vehicle window glass, comprising laminated glass and an anti-reflection layer, wherein the laminated glass is provided with a heating zone and an information collection zone, and the information collection zone is located inside the heating zone;

[0007] The laminated glass comprises an inner surface and an outer surface, the antireflection layer is provided on the inner surface of the laminated glass, and along the thickness direction of the laminated glass, the projection of the antireflection layer on the inner surface completely covers the information collection area;

[0008] The heating zone includes a plurality of heating wires, the plurality of heating wires are arranged between the inner surface and the outer surface of the laminated glass, the plurality of heating wires are located between two ends of the laminated glass and extend in the longitudinal direction;

[0009] The diameter of the heating wire is 0.021 mm to 0.03 mm, and the distance between two adjacent heating wires is 2.1 mm to 3.5 mm.

[0010] Because the information collection area is located within the heating area, it can be heated to defrost and defog the area, thereby preventing frost and fog in the information collection area from interfering with the transmission and reception of laser signals. Since the diameter of the heating wire is 0.021mm-0.03mm and the spacing between two adjacent heating wires is 2.1mm-3.5mm, the wire diameter and wire spacing of the heating wire are both within a reasonable range. The defrosting and defogging effect will not be poor due to the heating wire diameter being too small or the heating wire spacing being too large. Nor will the laser radar signal be significantly blocked due to the heating wire diameter being too large or the heating wire spacing being too small. Therefore, the heating wire can achieve a good defrosting and defogging effect while also ensuring that the heating wire does not significantly block the laser radar signal.

[0011] Furthermore, the laminated glass comprises an outer glass plate, an intermediate layer and an inner glass plate that are stacked, and the intermediate layer is sandwiched between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate;

[0012] The side of the outer glass plate facing away from the middle layer is an outer surface, and the side of the inner glass plate facing away from the middle layer is an inner surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the plurality of heating wires are provided between the outer glass plate and the intermediate layer; and / or

[0014] The plurality of heating wires are disposed between the intermediate layer and the inner glass sheet.

[0015] Furthermore, the heating power of the heating wire is 10W-14W.

[0016] If the heating power of the heating wire is too low, the heating wire will not be able to effectively defrost and defog. If the heating power of the heating wire is too high, the excessive heating power will cause the transmitted wavefront to age, thus affecting the normal transmission of the LiDAR signal. Setting the heating power of the heating wire to 10W-14W can ensure that the heating wire can effectively defrost and defog, while ensuring the normal transmission of the LiDAR signal.

[0017] Furthermore, the heating temperature of the heating wire is 40°C-65°C.

[0018] If the heating wire's heating temperature is too low, it will not effectively defrost and defog the system. If it is too high, the transmitted wavefront will age, affecting the normal transmission of the LiDAR signal. Setting the heating wire's heating temperature between 40°C and 65°C ensures both the defrosting and defogging effects and the normal transmission of the LiDAR signal.

[0019] Furthermore, the transmittance of the laminated glass to light with a wavelength of 850nm-1550nm incident at an incident angle of 60°-70° is recorded as T1, and the transmittance of the information collection area to light with a wavelength of 850nm-1550nm incident at an incident angle of 60°-70° is recorded as T2, and T2-T1≥4%.

[0020] By providing an anti-reflection layer 2 on the inner surface 102 of the laminated glass, the transmittance of the window glass 0 to light with a wavelength of 850nm-1550nm incident at an incident angle of 60°-70° can be improved, thereby meeting the requirements of laser radar for automotive glass.

[0021] Furthermore, the anti-reflection layer includes a plurality of high refractive index layers and a plurality of low refractive index layers stacked together, wherein a layer of the low refractive index layer is stacked between every two adjacent high refractive index layers, and a layer of the high refractive index layer is stacked between every two adjacent low refractive index layers, wherein the high refractive index layer is in direct contact with the inner surface.

[0022] By providing a plurality of high refractive index layers and a plurality of low refractive index layers that are alternately stacked in sequence, the reflectivity of the laser can be reduced to increase the transmittance of the laser.

[0023] Furthermore, the difference between the refractive index of the adjacent high refractive index layer and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is ≥0.3.

[0024] Furthermore, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is 1.9-3.5.

[0025] Furthermore, the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is 1.4-1.9.

[0026] Furthermore, the material of the high refractive index layer includes one or a combination of two or more of Si, NbOx (niobium oxide), SiNx (silicon nitride), ZrOx (zirconium oxide), TiOx (titanium oxide), TiNx (titanium nitride), MoOx (molybdenum oxide), TaOx (tantalum oxide), and HfOx (hafnium oxide).

[0027] Furthermore, the material of the low refractive index layer includes one or a combination of two or more of SiOx (silicon oxide), MgFx (magnesium fluoride), AlOx (aluminum oxide), WOx (tungsten oxide), YFx (yttrium fluoride), and BaFx (barium fluoride).

[0028] Furthermore, at least one of the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate has a transmittance of at least 91% in the wavelength range of 850 nm to 1550 nm.

[0029] Furthermore, the transmittance of the vehicle window glass to visible light in the wavelength range of 380nm-780nm is ≥70%.

[0030] Furthermore, the material of the intermediate layer is selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyolefin (POE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and polyurethane (PU).

[0031] Furthermore, the heating wire is a tungsten wire or a copper wire.

[0032] Furthermore, the heating line is a printed silver paste line.

[0033] Furthermore, the detection probability of the information collection area of ​​the vehicle window glass is 90%-92.9%.

[0034] The detection probability of the information collection area of ​​the vehicle window glass of the present invention is 90%-92.9%, which is greater than or equal to 90%, and meets the distance measurement capability requirement under actual vehicle conditions.

[0035] The present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body, an optical sensor assembly, and the vehicle window glass as described above, wherein the interior of the vehicle body has a accommodating space, the vehicle window glass is installed on the vehicle body, and the optical sensor assembly is arranged in the accommodating space and corresponds to the information collection area.

[0036] Furthermore, the installation angle θ of the vehicle window glass is 20°-30°, the optical sensor assembly includes a laser radar, and the detection probability POD of the laser radar is ≥90%.

[0037] Furthermore, the wavelength of the light emitted by the laser radar is 905nm, 940nm or 1550nm.

[0038] Since the vehicle of the present invention includes the window glass as described above, the diameter of the heating wire in the window glass is 0.021mm-0.03mm, and the spacing between two adjacent heating wires is 2.1mm-3.5mm. The wire diameter and wire spacing of the heating wire are both within a reasonable range. The defrosting and defogging effect will not be poor due to the diameter of the heating wire being too small or the spacing between the heating wires being too large. The laser radar signal will not be significantly blocked due to the diameter of the heating wire being too large or the spacing between the heating wires being too small. Therefore, the vehicle of the present invention can ensure that the heating wire has a good defrosting and defogging effect, and can also ensure that the heating wire does not significantly block the laser radar signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

[0040] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle window glass of the present invention from a top view.

[0041] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the vehicle window glass of the present invention.

[0042] FIG3 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the vehicle window glass of the present invention.

[0043] FIG4 is a schematic top view of the structure of the heating wire of the vehicle window glass according to the present invention.

[0044] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the anti-reflection layer of the vehicle window glass of the present invention.

[0045] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to the present invention.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals: Window glass-0, laminated glass-1, outer surface-101, inner surface-102, heating area-11, information collection area-12, heating line-13, outer glass plate-14, inner glass plate-15, intermediate layer-16, anti-reflection layer-2, high refractive index layer-21, low refractive index layer-22, vehicle-3, vehicle body-31, accommodating space-311, optical sensor assembly-32. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic top view of the vehicle window glass of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vehicle window glass of the present invention. Figure 3 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the vehicle window glass of the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic top view of the heating wires of the vehicle window glass of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anti-reflection layer of the vehicle window glass of the present invention. As shown in Figures 1-5, the present invention provides a vehicle window glass 0, which includes a laminated glass 1 and an anti-reflection layer 2. The laminated glass 1 is provided with a heating zone 11 and an information collection zone 12, with the information collection zone 12 located within the heating zone 11. The laminated glass 1 includes an outer surface 101 and an inner surface 102. The anti-reflection layer 2 is provided on the inner surface 102 of the laminated glass 1. Along the thickness direction of the laminated glass 1, the projection of the anti-reflection layer 2 on the inner surface 102 completely covers the information collection zone 12. The heating zone 11 includes a plurality of heating wires 13, which are disposed between the inner surface 102 and the outer surface 101 of the laminated glass 1. The plurality of heating wires 13 are located between the ends of the laminated glass 1 and extend longitudinally. The diameter of the heating wire 13 is 0.021 mm to 0.03 mm, and the distance between two adjacent heating wires 13 is 2.1 mm to 3.5 mm. In the present invention, the information collection area 12 is the signal transmission area of ​​the optical sensor on the laminated glass 1 .

[0049] As shown in FIG4 , in the present invention, the diameter of the heating wire 13 is denoted as d, which is 0.021 mm to 0.03 mm, and the distance between two adjacent heating wires 13 is denoted as w, which is 2.1 mm to 3.5 mm.

[0050] It should be noted that the optical sensors in the present invention include but are not limited to laser radar, near infrared camera, etc. The information collection area 12 is an area with any shape, for example, it can be square, circular, etc.

[0051] As shown in Figures 1-5, the diameter of the heating wire 13 is 0.021mm-0.03mm, preferably 0.023mm-0.027mm. The diameter of the heating wire 13 can specifically be 0.021mm, 0.022mm, 0.023mm, 0.024mm, 0.025mm, 0.026mm, 0.027mm, 0.028mm, 0.029mm, or 0.03mm. The spacing between two adjacent heating wires 13 is 2.1mm-3.5mm, preferably 2.5mm-3.1mm. The spacing between two adjacent heating wires 13 can specifically be 2.1mm, 2.3mm, 2.5mm, 2.7mm, 2.9mm, 3.1mm, 3.3mm, or 3.5mm.

[0052] In this embodiment, since the diameter of the heating wire 13 is 0.021mm-0.03mm and the spacing between two adjacent heating wires 13 is 2.1mm-3.5mm, the wire diameter and wire spacing of the heating wire 13 are both within a reasonable range. The heating wire 13 will not fail to have a good defrosting and defogging effect on the heating area 11 of the vehicle window glass 0 due to the diameter of the heating wire 13 being too small or the spacing between the heating wires 13 being too large. Nor will the heating wire 13 be too large or the spacing between the heating wires 13 being too small, thereby causing a large obstruction to the signal of the optical sensor (such as a lidar). Therefore, it can ensure that the heating wire 13 has a good defrosting and defogging effect on the heating area 11 of the vehicle window glass 0, and can also ensure that the heating wire 13 does not cause a large obstruction to the optical signal of the lidar.

[0053] In this embodiment, the information collection area 12 is located within the heating area 11. This allows the heating wires 13 to defog and defrost the information collection area 12, preventing frost and fog from interfering with the laser radar's optical signal transmission. This heating wire 13 not only heats the information collection area 12 to defrost and defog it, but also prevents significant obstruction of the laser radar's optical signal transmission.

[0054] In this embodiment, by providing an antireflection layer 2 on the inner surface 102 of the laminated glass 1, the reflection of light within the wavelength range of 850nm-1550nm by the vehicle window glass 0 can be reduced, thereby increasing the transmittance of light within the wavelength range of 850nm-1550nm in the information collection area 12 of the laminated glass 1. It should be noted that the projection of the antireflection layer 2 on the inner surface 102 completely covers the information collection area 12. Alternatively, the orthographic projection of the antireflection layer 2 on the inner surface 102 of the laminated glass 1 may overlap with the information collection area 12, or the orthographic projection of the antireflection layer 2 on the inner surface 102 of the laminated glass 1 may be larger than the information collection area 12. It is understood that in the aforementioned vehicle window glass 0, the shape of the antireflection layer 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, it can be trapezoidal, square, etc.

[0055] In this embodiment, the laminated glass 1 includes an outer glass plate 14, an intermediate layer 16, and an inner glass plate 15 that are stacked together. The intermediate layer 16 is sandwiched between the outer glass plate 14 and the inner glass plate 15. The inner glass plate 15 is closer to the interior of the vehicle body than the outer glass plate 14. The side of the outer glass plate 14 facing away from the intermediate layer 16 is an outer surface 101, and the side of the inner glass plate 15 facing away from the intermediate layer 16 is an inner surface 102.

[0056] It should be noted that the information collection area 12 is a portion of the laminated glass 1 in the vehicle window glass 0. Specifically, the information collection area 12 is located within the outer glass pane 14, the middle layer 16, and a portion of the inner glass pane 15 of the laminated glass 1. This area is used to allow the optical signals transmitted and received by the LiDAR to pass through. The area of ​​the information collection area 12 only needs to be large enough to allow the LiDAR optical signals to pass through.

[0057] It should be noted that the laminated glass 1 can be in the form of a flat plate, or it can also be in the form of a curved or arcuate surface. The shape of the laminated glass 1 is not limited to the shapes described above, and it can be any shape that meets the requirements for use as a vehicle window glass 0. This application does not impose strict restrictions on the shape of the laminated glass 1.

[0058] It should be noted that the vehicle window glass 0 can be used as a front windshield of a vehicle.

[0059] In this embodiment, at least one of the outer glass sheet 14 and the inner glass sheet 15 has a transmittance of at least 91% within the wavelength range of 850nm-1550nm. Ultra-clear float glass may be used. In one embodiment, both the outer glass sheet 14 and the inner glass sheet 15 are ultra-clear float glass. Using ultra-clear float glass helps improve the transmittance of the vehicle window glass for infrared radiation at wavelengths of 905nm, 940nm, or 1550nm, which is transmitted and received by a lidar. Furthermore, the thickness of the outer glass sheet 14 is greater than or equal to that of the inner glass sheet 15. This is because the outer glass sheet 14 requires high durability and impact resistance against external obstacles, so thick glass is preferred. To reduce infrared absorption by the inner glass sheet 15, the thickness of the inner glass sheet 15 is relatively small. To meet glass strength requirements, the inner glass sheet 15 can be tempered to increase its strength. This minimizes infrared absorption while maintaining sufficient strength, while also meeting lightweight requirements and reducing the combined thickness of the inner and outer glass sheets.

[0060] In this embodiment, the intermediate layer 16 is a thermoplastic polymer layer used to bond the outer glass panel 14 and the inner glass panel 15 to form a sandwich structure. The material of the intermediate layer 16 can be selected from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyolefin (POE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyurethane (PU), etc., with polyvinyl butyral (PVB) being preferred. The use of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) effectively suppresses the propagation of noise, providing the laminated glass 1 with a soundproofing effect. Furthermore, the intermediate layer 16 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. Examples of multi-layer structures include double-layer structures, triple-layer structures, quadruple-layer structures, and five-layer structures.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , a plurality of heating wires 13 are disposed between the outer glass sheet 14 and the intermediate layer 16 ; and / or a plurality of heating wires 13 are disposed between the intermediate layer 16 and the inner glass sheet 15 .

[0062] In this embodiment, the heating wire 13 is filamentary, and its cross-section can be circular, rectangular, triangular, or the like. As shown in FIG2 , the heating wire 13 can be provided only between the outer glass plate 14 and the intermediate layer 16, with multiple heating wires 13 arranged in parallel with each other and spaced apart by a predetermined gap. Alternatively, as shown in FIG3 , the heating wire 13 can be provided only between the intermediate layer 16 and the inner glass plate 15, with multiple heating wires 13 arranged in parallel with each other and spaced apart by a predetermined gap. Alternatively, multiple heating wires 13 can be provided between the outer glass plate 14 and the intermediate layer 16, and between the intermediate layer 16 and the inner glass plate 15 (not shown in the figure), with multiple heating wires 13 arranged in parallel with each other and spaced apart by a predetermined gap. In this embodiment, multiple heating wires are embedded in the intermediate layer 16, with multiple heating wires 13 arranged in parallel with each other and spaced apart by a predetermined gap.

[0063] In this embodiment, the heating wire 13 can be made of metal wires such as tungsten wire and copper wire; however, it is understood that the heating wire 13 can also be made of printed silver paste wire. In addition, although Figures 1 and 4 show the heating wire 13 as a straight line, it is understood that the heating wire 13 can be designed to have a non-linear shape, such as a sine curve or a zigzag curve, according to actual needs.

[0064] In this embodiment, the heating power of heater 13 is 10W-14W, specifically 10W, 11W, 12W, 13W, or 14W. If the heating power of heater 13 is too low, heater 13 will not effectively defrost and defog. If the heating power of heater 13 is too high, the excessively high heating power will cause heater 13 to generate a high temperature. This will cause the infrared radiation energy of a certain wavelength generated by heater 13 to interfere with the optical signal of the LiDAR, thereby affecting the normal transmission of the LiDAR signal. Setting the heating power of heater 13 to 10W-14W ensures that heater 13 can achieve the desired defrosting and defogging effects while also ensuring the normal transmission of the LiDAR optical signal.

[0065] In this embodiment, the heating temperature of the heater 13 is 40°C-65°C, specifically 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, or 65°C. If the heating temperature of the heater 13 is too low, the heater 13 will not effectively defrost and defog. If the heating temperature of the heater 13 is too high, the excessively high temperature will cause the heater 13 to generate infrared radiation energy of a certain wavelength, which may interfere with the optical signal of the laser radar, thereby affecting the normal transmission of the laser radar signal. Setting the heating temperature of the heater 13 to 40°C-65°C ensures that the heater 13 can achieve the desired defrosting and defogging effects while also ensuring the normal transmission of the laser radar signal.

[0066] Referring again to Figure 5 , the anti-reflection layer 2 can increase the transmittance of the laser radar's optical signal by reducing the reflectivity of light. The anti-reflection layer 2 can be deposited directly onto the inner surface 102 of the laminated glass 1 by magnetron sputtering. A continuous vertical coating machine, a cylindrical vertical coating machine, or a horizontal coating machine can be used. Specifically, a continuous vertical coating machine is used. The anti-reflection layer 2 can also be formed by coating or other methods. The anti-reflection layer 2 can also be adhered to the inner surface 102 of the laminated glass 1 via a substrate. Specifically, the anti-reflection layer 2 can include a plurality of high-refractive index layers 21 and a plurality of low-refractive index layers 22 stacked in an alternating manner. The refractive index of the high-refractive index layers 21 is greater than that of the low-refractive index layers 22. The high-refractive index layers 21 in the anti-reflection layer 2 are located closest to the inner glass plate 15. That is, a low-refractive-index layer 22 is stacked between every two adjacent high-refractive-index layers 21, and a high-refractive-index layer 21 is stacked between every two adjacent low-refractive-index layers 22. The high-refractive-index layer 21 in the anti-reflection layer 2 is in contact with the inner glass plate 15. By providing multiple high-refractive-index layers 21 and multiple low-refractive-index layers 22 alternately stacked, light is reflected at the interfaces between the multiple high-refractive-index layers 21 and the low-refractive-index layers 22. These multiple reflections achieve surface anti-reflection extinction, thereby increasing light transmittance.

[0067] In this embodiment, the transmittance of the laminated glass 1 (without the antireflection layer 2) for light with a wavelength of 850nm-1550nm incident at an angle of incidence of 60°-70° is denoted as T1, and the transmittance of the information collection area 12 for light with a wavelength of 850nm-1550nm incident at an angle of incidence of 60°-70° is denoted as T2. T2-T1 ≥ 4%. Furthermore, T2-T1 ≥ 5%; even more preferably, T2-T1 ≥ 6% and T2-T1 ≥ 7%. By providing the antireflection layer 2 on the inner surface 102 of the laminated glass 1, the present invention can improve the transmittance of the vehicle window glass 0 for light with a wavelength of 850nm-1550nm incident at an angle of incidence of 60°-70°, thereby meeting the requirements of laser radar for automotive glass.

[0068] In this embodiment, the difference between the refractive index of the adjacent high refractive index layer 21 and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer 22 is greater than or equal to 0.3, and may further be greater than or equal to 0.4, greater than or equal to 0.5, greater than or equal to 0.6, greater than or equal to 0.7, greater than or equal to 0.75, greater than or equal to 0.8, greater than or equal to 0.85, greater than or equal to 0.9, etc.

[0069] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer 21 may be 1.9-3.5, and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer 22 may be 1.4-1.9. Specifically, the material of the high refractive index layer 21 may include one or a combination of two or more of Si, NbOx (niobium oxide), SiNx (silicon nitride), ZrOx (zirconium oxide), TiOx (titanium oxide), TiNx (titanium nitride), MoOx (molybdenum oxide), TaOx (tantalum oxide), HfOx (hafnium oxide). Specifically, the material of the low refractive index layer 22 may include one or a combination of two or more of SiOx (silicon oxide), MgFx (magnesium fluoride), AlOx (aluminum oxide), WOx (tungsten oxide), YFx (yttrium fluoride), BaFx (barium fluoride).

[0070] In this embodiment, the materials of the high refractive index layers 21 in different stacked layers can be the same or different. If the same material is used, the production process can be simplified and the production time for each product can be optimized. Similarly, the materials of the low refractive index layers 22 in different stacked layers can be the same or different. If the same material is used, the production process can be simplified and the production time for each product can be optimized.

[0071] In this embodiment, the transmittance of the vehicle window glass 0 to visible light of 380 nm-780 nm is ≥70%, so that the light transmittance of the vehicle window glass 0 can meet normal driving requirements.

[0072] In this embodiment, the evaluation method for the defrosting and defogging ability of the heating wire 13 in the heating zone 11 to heat the surface of the vehicle window glass 0 is as follows: for the information collection area 12 of the vehicle window glass 0 that is covered with frost, 20 minutes after the start of the heating test, at least 80% of the frost and fog in the information collection area 12 should be removed; 30 minutes after the start of the heating test, at least 95% of the frost and fog in the information collection area 12 should be removed; 40 minutes after the start of the heating test, 100% of the area of ​​the information collection area 12 is restored to transparency.

[0073] The following table shows the experimental results of the detection probability and defrosting and defogging effect of the vehicle window glass 0 provided by the present invention when different wire diameters, wire spacing, heating temperatures, and the presence or absence of an anti-reflection layer are used. Among them, the detection probability (POD, Potential of Distance) is used to characterize the detection capability of the lidar signal when passing through the vehicle window glass 0. The detection probability measures the probability of the optical sensor component detecting the target and is a quantitative evaluation indicator of the optical sensor component's detection of the target. The detection probability is related to factors such as the sensitivity of the optical sensor component, detection distance, detection time, atmospheric transparency, lighting conditions, and target characteristics. Only when POD ≥ 90% can the ranging capability requirements under real-world vehicle conditions be met.

[0074] Table 1

[0075] As can be seen from the table above, in Examples 1-10, the diameter of the heating wire 13 ranged from 0.021mm to 0.03mm, the spacing between adjacent heating wires 13 ranged from 2.1mm to 3.5mm, and the presence of an antireflection layer 2. The POD of the vehicle window glass 0 was consistently above 90%, meeting the vehicle ranging requirements. In Examples 1-10, the smaller the diameter of the heating wire 13, the greater the POD of the vehicle window glass 0. For example, in Examples 7 and 8, the spacing between the heating wires 13 was the same, 2.1mm. When the diameter of the heating wire increased from 0.021mm to 0.03mm, the POD of the vehicle window glass 0 decreased from 90.9% to 90.0%. In Examples 1-10, the greater the spacing between two adjacent heating wires 13, the greater the probability of detection (POD) of the window glass 0. For example, in Example 1-4, the diameter of the heating wires 13 was the same, 0.027 mm. As the spacing between the heating wires 13 gradually increased from 2.1 mm to 3.5 mm, the probability of detection (POD) of the window glass 0 gradually increased from 90.1% to 92.9%. As can be seen from Example 1-10, the probability of detection of the window glass 0 was between 90% and 92.9%. Furthermore, in Example 1-10, when the heating temperature of the heating wires 13 was between 40°C and 65°C, the defrosting and defogging effect on the window glass 0 was excellent.

[0076] The above table also shows that in Comparative Example 7, without the antireflection layer 2, the detection probability POD of the vehicle window glass 0 is below 90%, which cannot meet the vehicle's ranging requirements. In Comparative Examples 3 and 5, the diameter of the heating wire 13 is 0.020 mm, the spacing between two adjacent heating wires 13 is 2.1 mm-3.5 mm, and the antireflection layer 2 is present. The detection probability POD of the vehicle window glass 0 is above 90%, but the defrosting and defogging effect of the vehicle window glass 0 does not meet the requirements. In Comparative Examples 4 and 6, the diameter of the heating wire 13 is 0.031 mm, the spacing between two adjacent heating wires 13 is 2.1 mm-3.5 mm, and the antireflection layer 2 is present. The defrosting and defogging effect of the vehicle window glass 0 meets the requirements, but the detection probability POD of the vehicle window glass 0 is below 90%, which cannot meet the vehicle's ranging requirements. In Comparative Example 1, the wire pitch of the heating wire 13 is 2.0 mm, the diameter of the heating wire 13 is 0.027 mm, and an antireflection layer 2 is provided. While the defrosting and defogging effect on the vehicle window glass 0 meets the requirements, the probability of detection (POD) of the vehicle window glass 0 is below 90%, failing to meet the vehicle's ranging requirements. In Comparative Example 2, the wire pitch of the heating wire 13 is 3.6 mm, the diameter of the heating wire 13 is 0.027 mm, and an antireflection layer 2 is provided. The probability of detection (POD) of the vehicle window glass 0 is above 90%, meeting the vehicle's ranging requirements, but the defrosting and defogging effect on the vehicle window glass 0 does not meet the requirements. In Comparative Examples 2, 3, and 5, when the heating temperature of the heating wire 13 is less than 40°C, the defrosting and defogging effect on the vehicle window glass 0 does not meet the requirements.

[0077] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, the present invention further provides a vehicle 3 comprising a vehicle body 31, an optical sensor assembly 32, and the aforementioned vehicle window glass 0. Vehicle body 31 defines a housing 311 within which the vehicle window glass 0, constituting the front windshield of vehicle 3, is mounted. Optical sensor assembly 32 is positioned within housing 311 and corresponds to information collection area 12 of vehicle window glass 0. The mounting angle θ of vehicle window glass 0 is preferably between 20° and 30°, and the wavelength of light emitted by optical sensor assembly 32 is preferably 905 nm, 940 nm, or 1550 nm. This ensures a high probability of detection for vehicle window glass 0.

[0078] The optical sensor assembly 32 includes an optical sensor, which includes a transmitting module, a receiving module, and a control module. The transmitting module is used to transmit laser light, and the receiving module is used to receive the echo laser light diffusely reflected by the object being measured. The control module is electrically connected to the transmitting module and the receiving module, and is used to control the laser light emission by the transmitting module and the laser light echo reception by the receiving module. The optical sensor assembly 32 can be integrated or split. An integrated optical sensor assembly 32 can be mounted on the vehicle body 31. A split optical sensor assembly 32 can have the transmitting module, the control module, and the receiving module separately mounted on the vehicle body 31. The optical sensor assembly 32 can also include a scanning module, which is used to reflect the laser light emitted by the transmitting module and reflect the echo laser light diffusely reflected by the object being measured back to the receiving module.

[0079] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0080] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0081] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to connection, detachable connection, or integration. They may refer to mechanical connection or electrical connection. They may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0082] The above details the embodiments of the present invention, and illustrates and describes the principles and embodiments of the present invention. These descriptions are intended only to help understand the method and core concepts of the present invention. However, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle window glass, characterized in that: The vehicle window glass comprises a laminated glass and an anti-reflection layer, the laminated glass is provided with a heating zone and an information collection zone, and the information collection zone is located inside the heating zone; The laminated glass comprises an inner surface and an outer surface, the antireflection layer is provided on the inner surface of the laminated glass, and along the thickness direction of the laminated glass, the projection of the antireflection layer on the inner surface completely covers the information collection area; The heating zone includes a plurality of heating wires, the plurality of heating wires are arranged between the inner surface and the outer surface of the laminated glass, the plurality of heating wires are located between two ends of the laminated glass and extend in the longitudinal direction; The diameter of the heating wire is 0.021 mm to 0.03 mm, and the distance between two adjacent heating wires is 2.1 mm to 3.5 mm.

2. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein: The laminated glass comprises an outer glass plate, an intermediate layer and an inner glass plate which are stacked together, wherein the intermediate layer is sandwiched between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate; The side of the outer glass plate facing away from the middle layer is an outer surface, and the side of the inner glass plate facing away from the middle layer is an inner surface.

3. The vehicle window glass according to claim 2, wherein: The plurality of heating wires are provided between the outer glass sheet and the intermediate layer; and / or The plurality of heating wires are disposed between the intermediate layer and the inner glass sheet.

4. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein The heating power of the heating wire is 10W-14W.

5. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein: The heating temperature of the heating wire is 40°C-65°C.

6. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein: The transmittance of the laminated glass to light with a wavelength of 850nm-1550nm at an incident angle of 60°-70° is recorded as T1, and the transmittance of the information collection area to light with a wavelength of 850nm-1550nm at an incident angle of 60°-70° is recorded as T2, and T2-T1≥4%.

7. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein: The anti-reflection layer includes a plurality of high refractive index layers and a plurality of low refractive index layers stacked together, wherein a layer of the low refractive index layer is stacked between every two adjacent high refractive index layers, and a layer of the high refractive index layer is stacked between every two adjacent low refractive index layers, wherein the high refractive index layer is in direct contact with the inner surface.

8. The vehicle window glass according to claim 7, wherein: The difference between the refractive index of the adjacent high refractive index layer and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is ≥0.

3.

9. The vehicle window glass according to claim 7, wherein: The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is 1.9-3.

5.

10. The vehicle window glass according to claim 7, wherein: The refractive index of the low refractive index layer is 1.4-1.

9.

11. The vehicle window glass according to claim 7, wherein: The material of the high refractive index layer includes one or a combination of two or more of Si, NbOx (niobium oxide), SiNx (silicon nitride), ZrOx (zirconium oxide), TiOx (titanium oxide), TiNx (titanium nitride), MoOx (molybdenum oxide), TaOx (tantalum oxide), and HfOx (hafnium oxide).

12. The vehicle window glass according to claim 7, wherein: The material of the low refractive index layer includes one or a combination of two or more of SiOx (silicon oxide), MgFx (magnesium fluoride), AlOx (aluminum oxide), WOx (tungsten oxide), YFx (yttrium fluoride), and BaFx (barium fluoride).

13. The vehicle window glass according to claim 2, wherein: At least one of the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane has a transmittance of at least 91% in the wavelength range of 850-1550 nm.

14. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein The transmittance of the vehicle window glass to visible light with a wavelength range of 380nm-780nm is ≥70%.

15. The vehicle window glass according to claim 2, wherein: The material of the intermediate layer is selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyolefin (POE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and polyurethane (PU).

16. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein: The heating wire is a tungsten wire or a copper wire.

17. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein: The heating line is a printed silver paste line.

18. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body, an optical sensor assembly, and a vehicle window glass as described in any one of claims 1-17, wherein the interior of the vehicle body has a accommodating space, the vehicle window glass is installed on the vehicle body, and the optical sensor assembly is arranged in the accommodating space and corresponds to the information collection area.

19. The vehicle according to claim 18, wherein The installation angle θ of the vehicle window glass is 20°-30°, and the optical sensor component includes a laser radar, and the detection probability POD of the laser radar is ≥90%.

20. The vehicle according to claim 19, wherein The wavelength of the light emitted by the laser radar is 905nm, 940nm or 1550nm.

Images