Method for developing groundwater reservoirs

Abstract

Claimed is a method for developing groundwater reservoirs in cross-sections comprising an aquifer and impermeable rock, which involves a system consisting of an aboveground tank, an injection well and a water pumping well, wherein the wells are cased with filtering pipe strings and are connected by a gradual bend of an intermediate borehole to form a channel for the circulation of water. The bottom part of the chamber of the aboveground tank has a conical taper, the diameter at the outlet of which is equal to the inside diameter of the filtering pipe string of the injection well, the taper being mounted coaxially on said pipe string. The bottom of the injection well below the aquifer is left in the form of a step with a central passage that transitions into the intermediate borehole, the latter running through the impermeable rock to a junction with the filtering pipe string of the water pumping well. The walls of the intermediate borehole are ground smooth and then the impermeable rock is hardened, forming a single-diameter channel for the circulation of water from the step to the aboveground tank.

Description

[0001] METHOD OF DEVELOPING GROUNDWATER DEPOSITS

[0002] The invention relates to the field of mining operations, namely to methods for developing underground water deposits.

[0003] A hydropulse method of developing underground water deposits is known, based on hydrodynamic excitation of shock waves in the interval of the aquifer, restoring permeability. D.N. Bashkatov. Handbook of drilling wells for water. Moscow, Nedra, 1979, pp. 515-516.

[0004] The essence of the method lies in the short-term restoration of permeability and water yield of aquifers, limited by the time of action of impact mechanisms located in the well, energy-consuming in operation.

[0005] The prototype of the invention is a method for developing groundwater deposits in the section of an aquifer and impermeable rocks, including a system consisting of a surface tank, an injection well and a water-lifting well cased with filter columns of pipes, connected by an intermediate shaft, forming a water circulation channel. Patent for invention No. 275628 Method for developing groundwater deposits of the Russian Federation with the state registration date of July 29, 2021.

[0006] The disadvantages of the prototype are that the flow movement along the circulation channel occurs outside the influence of the mass of water contained in the above-ground tank, difficulties in landing and joining the casing string of the intermediate wellbore pipes with the filter columns of the injection and water-lifting wells, which reduces the reliability and efficiency of the groundwater reservoir development system.

[0007] The objectives of the invention are to increase the reliability and efficiency of the system for developing underground water deposits.

[0008] The technical result is an increase in the intensity and stability of water extraction from the aquifer, and an enhancement of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow following the circulation channel.

[0009] The technical result is achieved in that in the known method for developing underground water deposits in the section of an aquifer and impermeable rocks, including a system consisting of a surface tank, an injection well and a water-lifting well cased with filter columns of pipes, connected by a smooth bend by an intermediate shaft, forming a water circulation channel, according to the invention, the lower part of the cavity of the surface tank is made with a conical narrowing, the diameter at the outlet equal to the internal diameter of the filter column of the pipes of the injection well, and is coaxially installed on the latter, the bottom of the injection well below the aquifer is left in the form of a bench with a central passage turning into an intermediate shaft, which is carried out along impermeable rocks to the junction with the filter column of the pipes of the water-lifting well, wherein the walls of the intermediate shaft are ground with subsequent strengthening of the impermeable rocks, forming a water circulation channel from the bench to the entrance to the surface tank with one diameter.

[0010] The set of distinctive features of the invention, the form of execution of the cavity of the lower part of the above-ground tank, the place of its installation, makes it possible to use the directed mass of water contained in the above-ground tank to increase the pressure with acceleration of the flow in the injection well, increasing the volumetric extraction of water from the aquifer through the filter column.

[0011] A feature of the invention is leaving the bottom of the injection well below the aquifer with a bench with a central passage, in the gap between the bench and the surface tank, the flow is divided into a core and lateral components, and when the latter hit the bench, a hydraulic shock occurs, generating an alternating wave of high and low pressure, exciting an alternating hydro-pulse effect on the aquifer, increasing the intensity and stability of the interaction of the aquifer and the injection well.

[0012] In this case, due to the nature of the distribution of speed and pressure in the flow, water particles of the lateral components of the flow penetrate into the core with the transfer of energy, strengthening the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow flowing through the central passage of the bench into the intermediate shaft.

[0013] The features of the invention, the passage of an intermediate shaft through impermeable rocks to the junction with the filter column of the water-lifting well pipes, grinding of the wall with subsequent strengthening of the impermeable rocks, eliminate roughness and cracks on the walls, the causes of the appearance of vortex formations and water leakage with a decrease in pressure and flow velocity, thereby eliminating local hydraulic resistance and a decrease in water recovery along the entire length of the intermediate shaft.

[0014] The feature of the invention is that a water circulation channel is formed from the ledge to the entrance to the ground tank with one diameter, while maintaining the shape and transverse size of the circulation channel, a stable established mode of water movement is formed, without loss of speed and energy.

[0015] The method of developing underground water deposits is carried out as follows.

[0016] The figure shows a diagram of the implementation of a method for developing underground water deposits.

[0017] After opening the aquifer 1 and impermeable rocks 2 by injection well 3 and water-lift well 4, the wells are cased with filter columns of pipes 5 and 6, respectively.

[0018] On the wall of the filter column of pipes 5, openings 7 are made, on the hanging wall of the filter column of pipes 6, openings 8 are made, oriented in the opposite direction to the movement of water in the aquifer 1.

[0019] The lower part of the cavity of the ground tank 9 is made with a conical narrowing and is coaxially installed on the filter column of pipes 5 of the injection well 3.

[0020] The bottom of the injection well 3 below the aquifer 1 is left with a ledge 10 with a central passage 11, which passes into an intermediate shaft 12, which is carried out along water-resistant rocks 2 to the junction with the filter column of pipes 6 of the water-lifting well 4.

[0021] After this, the walls of the intermediate shaft are ground with a tool saturated with diamond powder, and subsequent strengthening of the waterproof rocks is carried out with a high-temperature heater.

[0022] The filter column of pipes 6 of the injection well 4 is connected to the surface tank 9 by means of a pipeline 13, forming a water circulation channel from the bench 10 to the entrance to the surface tank 9 with one diameter.

[0023] On the above-ground tank 9, a valve 14 and a branch pipe 15 are installed to drain water to consumers. The arrows indicate the direction of water movement in the aquifer.

[0024] Operating principle. When valve 14 of surface tank 9 is opened, the pressure flow of water moves with acceleration towards the bottom of injection well 3, with water being withdrawn from aquifer 1 through openings 7 of filter column of pipes 5.

[0025] Having reached the bottom of the injection well 3, on the bench 10 the flow is divided into a core and lateral components, a hydraulic shock occurs with alternating waves of high and low pressure, increasing the impact of alternating hydraulic impulses on the aquifer 1, and on the core of the flow flowing through the central passage 11 of the bench 10 into the intermediate shaft 12, passed through impermeable rocks 2 to the junction with the filter column of pipes 6 of the water-lifting well 4, by means of a pipeline 13 connected to the above-ground tank 9. Thus, a water circulation channel is formed, from the bench 10 to the above-ground tank 9 made of the same diameter, due to which the water flow, without hydrodynamic and mechanical interference, moves along the intermediate shaft 12, and further along the filter column 6 of the water-lifting pipe 4, entraining water from the aquifer 1 through the openings 8 of the filter column 6, through pipeline 13 enters the ground tank 9 from top to bottom.

[0026] In this case, the volume of water taken from aquifer 1 is directed to consumers through pipe 15.

[0027] At the current level of technology and directional drilling of wells, the construction of a system of connected wells intended for the practical implementation of forced self-discharge of groundwater does not present any difficulties.

[0028] The system can be used particularly effectively in the development of low-pressure and unpressured groundwater deposits.

Claims

CLAUSES OF THE INVENTION A method for developing underground water deposits in a section of an aquifer and impermeable rocks, including a system consisting of a surface tank, an injection well and a water-lifting well cased with filter columns of pipes, connected by a smooth bend with an intermediate shaft, forming a channel for the circulation of water, characterized in that the lower part of the cavity of the surface tank is made with a conical narrowing, the diameter at the outlet equal to the internal diameter of the filter column of pipes of the injection well, and is coaxially installed on the latter, the bottom of the injection well below the aquifer is left in the form of a bench with a central passage turning into an intermediate shaft, which is carried through impermeable rocks to the junction with the filter column of pipes of the water-lifting well, wherein the walls of the intermediate shaft are ground with subsequent strengthening of the impermeable rocks, forming a channel for the circulation of water from the bench to the entrance to the surface tank with one diameter.

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