Bulk load homogenizer

Abstract

The present patent relates to a grain homogenizing apparatus used during the loading of silos and agricultural storage facilities, applicable to the field of agriculture. It forms successive mounds of 1 to 1.5 meters, with homogeneous and automated distribution of grains of varying bulk densities, grain fragments, impurities, and foreign materials. This prevents both the segregation of these different materials and the compaction of grains at different densities, thereby avoiding the formation of preferential airflow paths during grain aeration. The apparatus comprises an upper structure (1) for receiving and directing the grain flow, mounted on the assembly (9) for guiding and supporting the bearings, which supports via bearings a lower structure (2) having a substantially frustoconical shape with cylindrical spreading ducts. It also includes a control panel (3) for operation management, a metal transport structure (4), and optionally a thermometry assembly (5).

Description

[0001] BULK CARGO HOMOGENIZER

[0002] Field of invention

[0003] This patent refers to grain homogenizing equipment during the loading of silos and agricultural warehouses, applied in Agriculture, through the formation of successive mounds of 1 to 1.5 m, with homogeneous and automated distribution of grains of different apparent densities, of grain parts, of impurities, of foreign materials, thus avoiding both the segregation of these different materials and the compaction of grains at different densities, preventing the formation of preferential paths at the time of grain aeration.Reducing harmful effects such as grain self-combustion, activation of grain metabolism, fungi, insects and bacteria, and the formation of yellow grains, as well as reducing the entry of people into silos and warehouses to spread grains, also reducing electricity consumption in aeration processes, as well as the risk of workers being engulfed by the release of compacted grains, and traffic jams in cargo trucks due to waiting times caused by blockages in the flow of grains caused by compaction.

[0004] Fundamentals of the invention

[0005] As those involved in the agribusiness sector know, during the post-harvest phase of grain storage in silos and warehouses, silo loading is the most crucial step in the grain storage process. A poorly loaded silo can result in losses of 5 to 30% of the stored volume. Compacted silos cause problems during unloading because the grains don't flow through the discharge ports, leading to time-consuming and high-risk operations for workers to unblock them. Occupational accidents in silos are quite common in Brazil and worldwide.

[0006] Compaction leads to the formation of insect "hot spots" because moisture is concentrated in compacted regions, and the temperature of the grain mass rises, accelerating their reproductive process. Excessive moisture in grains also promotes the growth of fungi and bacteria and causes yellowing of the grains, particularly in rice. Compaction also blocks aeration, which involves fan operation to reduce grain temperature and promote an initial reduction in grain moisture.

[0007] Furthermore, a flow of grains in the silo or warehouse without homogeneous distribution leads to the separation of grains by different sizes, promoting densification and compaction, and also leads to the separation of broken grains, residues and foreign materials, which promote the reproduction of insects, fungi and bacteria.

[0008] Currently, there are the following conventional methods of distributing grains in silos and warehouses:

[0009] In the most traditional and manual process, operators enter the silos and warehouses to spread the grains with the help of hand tools, such as squeegees and rakes.

[0010] There are several grain spreading equipment options available on the national market for silos and warehouses. Searching commercial websites, we found the following grain spreading or distributing equipment available:

[0011] The grain distribution equipment commercially supplied by DGA Authentic Grãos, available at www.dgatech.com.br, features a central chute that receives the flow of grains poured into the silo or warehouse. This chute centralizes the flow to a motorized circular rotary distributor, which, through centrifugal force, causes the flow to the periphery of the distributor, where a series of oblique tubes regularly arranged along the outer diameter of the distributor, in a position transverse to the outer circle, spread the grain flow throughout the silo. The center of the circular distributor, in this specific model, features an inverted conical bottom to prevent grain accumulation in the center of the distributor.

[0012] Other options for conventional grain distributors found on Internet websites are at the following addresses: https: / / aeragraos.com.br / produto / , https: / / pt.made-in-china.com / cofarthestmachinery / productCe-Approved-Rotary-Distributor-for-Grain-Cereals-Riceeyyeiugiy.html, https: / / www.imetal.ind.br / index.php / produtos / imetal / dosagens / distribuidor-rotativo-detail, and https: / / www.sangatiberga.com.br / produtos / moinhos / distribuidor-rotativo.

[0013] Searching national and international patent databases revealed the following disclosures of grain distribution technologies in silos or grain warehouses:

[0014] Brazilian patent BR102013019881, "Radial Rotary Drying Process and Equipment for Agricultural Products," discloses equipment for the continuous drying or dehydration of a grain stream. The process involves passing the agricultural product through at least two successive drying segments arranged one above the other and articulated, creating a slope for the progression of the product to be dried. The drying process involves injecting and passing a large volume of heated air through a fixed perforated sheet metal distributor tube, around which the mass of the product to be dried moves in constant agitation and homogenization. This mass is confined within an external, rotating perforated sheet metal tube with longitudinal fins.

[0015] Brazilian patent BR102022013586, “System and Process for Filling Grains in Silos, Warehouses and Similar” reveals a system and process that allow the control and regulation of the homogeneous filling of grains in silos and warehouses, with spreading of the grains in conical mounds.

[0016] Brazilian utility model patent BR202022007768U2, "Construction Arrangement Applied to a Grain Distributor," discloses an arrangement applied to a grain distributor that comprises a multi-diverter body and a bipartite upper funnel, a distributor whose lower part can be opened to allow grains to exit without passing through the distributor, as in cases of product transfer. The model also includes the insertion of a translucent window in the silo cap, a flow control device on the inside of the Chinese cap; arrangement in the motor with a cardan and pinion mechanism, avoiding problems with dust explosion and possible motor power sparks; provision of piping for the thermometry cable; inclusion of a scraper at the bottom of the distribution cone; a compressed air cleaning mechanism; grounding points to avoid static; use of an extension to discharge closer to the silo wall when almost full, and a control panel.

[0017] Brazilian utility model patent BR202017009699Y1, “Construction Arrangement Applied to Grain Distributor”, discloses a grain distributor comprising a receiving cone, a flow director, fixed to an upper edge and containing an inclination adjustment, where said receiving cone is installed on a distributor that contains a flow cap inside it, said cap being attached to a connecting shaft, where the distributor contains outlets in a radial arrangement, where each of these outlets is equipped with a flow register, and said distributor can rotate by the action of a motor that operates in partnership with a circular rack and pinion system, said motor being controlled by a panel that can control several distributors.

[0018] Brazilian utility model patent BR202020016726U2, "Bipartite Constructive Arrangement Applied to a General Grain Distributor", discloses a general grain flow distributor, composed of a grain flow director, a level regulator, a flow director fastener, a bipartite receiving cone formed by two segments and fixed to the upper internal part of the grain storage silo by threaded bar fasteners, a grain flow regulator cap, a bipartite multi-diverter body formed by two segments, a core shaft, a connecting shaft, a gear protection assembly, a circular fastener, bearing, bearings, retainers, a rotary movement connection assembly, a circular rack, outlet ducts, flow registers, extension ducts, larger ducts, duct extensions, adjustment guides, clamps, clips, adjustment cables, motor and pinion, and a thermometry cable fixing assembly. central.

[0019] Brazilian invention patent BR102017012201A2, “Grain Distribution Control Device Applied in Silos”, reveals an accessory composed of a straight angle bar associated with a curved blade, forming a set that can rotate by an axis that is fixed to a gutter next to one of the silo columns, and when the accessory is rotated, it is possible to pull or release steel cables attached to the ends of said straight angle bar, opening or closing the silo register, and the curved bar allows position adjustment with rotation blocked by means of a lock.

[0020] Chinese utility model patent CN217049931U, "Multi-Point Feeding Anti-Breaking Anti-Grading Multifunctional Circulation Device of Squat Silo," discloses a multi-point, anti-breaking, and anti-grading multifunctional circulation device for low-point feeding of a silo, which includes a silo with a high diameter-to-height ratio and a plurality of distribution devices. A vent seal depressurization pipe is arranged in the widened silo, and a bridge-type orifice is formed in the section corresponding to the lower half of the vent seal depressurization pipe. The upper end of the vent depressurization pipe is connected to a conical collection hopper, the upper part of the widened silo is provided with a feed port that works in cooperation with the conical collection hopper, and distributor inlets are uniformly formed on the peripheral side of the conical collection hopper.South Korean patent KR102412535B, “Grain Transfer Pipe which is Convenient for Opening and Closing Inspection Windows and Changing Discharge Directions,” discloses an improved grain transfer pipe used to transfer grain stored in one storage container to two different containers.When installing two discharge pipes, the lower end of the discharge pipe is connected to the inlet of the container to be transported and a connecting pipe, and a distribution space is formed in the inner space of the connecting part where the two discharge pipes are connected to each other, and allows selection of which of the two discharge pipes will flow, through a rotary type discharge guide plate, and an inspection port is formed on the outer wall of the discharge pipe to provide an inspection port cover, the discharge guide plate is located in the inner space of the connecting part where the two discharge pipes are connected in the grain conveying pipe.When installing, the rotating shaft supporting the discharge guide pipe is configured so that it does not occupy the space of the distribution space, so that the grain flowing from the connecting pipe to the discharge pipe does not rub against the rotating shaft in the curved passage of the discharge guide plate, so that the grain to be transported is stored.

[0021] The Brazilian utility model patent BR202019016972U2 “Construction Arrangement Applied to a Rotary Grain Spreader”, reveals a grain spreader, used inside silos to spread cereals and impurities, which comprises a frame, this frame supporting the grain reception cone, flanged next to the pulley that contains the belt connected to the pulley of the motor and reduction assembly, in the lower part of the cone there is the cylindrical body of the distributor, and from this cylindrical body the distributor gutter projects, where a central axis passes through the cone, through the cylindrical body and is fixed to the hexagonal body, this body containing on each of its faces a gutter that receives the cereal coming from the cylindrical body.

[0022] Chinese invention patent CN106664996A, "Self-Rotating Grain Distributor Uniform in Grain Distribution," discloses a self-rotating grain distributor that distributes grain uniformly. The grain distributor consists of a bearing block, a rotating shaft, and grain distribution elements. The rotating shaft is arranged vertically. The grain distribution elements include a grain collection area and several grain sliding cylinders.The grain collection area consists of an annular plate, a round bottom wall, and multiple involute plates. The rotating shaft is located in the center of the round bottom wall. Every two adjacent involute plates form a flow guide channel in a clamped manner. Each grain sliding cylinder is fixedly arranged on the peripheral wall of the annular plate. Each grain sliding cylinder communicates with a corresponding grain guide channel, and each grain sliding cylinder is arranged obliquely from top to bottom. The bearing block consists of a base, a bearing, and a cover. The bearing block consists of an installation groove and an installation part. The bearing consists of an inner ring, balls, and an outer ring. The peripheral wall of the rotating shaft is fixedly fixed with the inner ring. The outer ring is fixedly arranged in the installation groove of the bearing block, and the balls are arranged obliquely.The self-rotating grain distributor can rotate by itself and is uniform in grain distribution.

[0023] Canadian invention patent CA2251180A1, “System to Homogenize the Distribution of the Grain Mass Inside Vertical and / or Horizontal Silos” discloses a system to homogenize the distribution of the grain mass inside vertical and / or horizontal silos based on the principle of dividing a single incoming flow of grains inside the silo into multiple equal parts, opening the exit space and subdividing it into multiple equal exits, proceeding, in the same way, to the spreading of impurities, mixing them in the multi-distributed grain mass inside the silo, making it homogeneous and without foci of concentration or deterioration.

[0024] Chinese invention patent CN113148703 A, “360-Degree Telescopic Distributor”, discloses a 360-degree telescopic distributor consisting of a base plate and a concave fixed plate.The concave fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the base plate, distribution standpipes are arranged at intermediate positions of the base plate and the concave fixed plate, an output shaft of a driving motor rotates to drive a driving bevel gear and drives a second bevel gear to move the distribution standpipes and two distribution branch pipes communicated therewith to distribute the materials, infrared light alarms arranged on opposite sides of two distribution sleeves alarm and send signals to a control assembly when a distribution height reaches a predetermined height, and a telescopic rod of electrically driven hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the control assembly to retract and drive the L-shaped connecting plate and the distribution sleeves connected thereto to slide on the distribution pipes, so that the distribution sleeves extend.A chute and a sliding block are combined to limit the distribution sleeves, so that the distribution area is increased to achieve a uniform distribution effect, thereby reducing the formation of grain piles with relatively large height difference and reducing the amount of compacted grains.

[0025] U.S. patent US11472646B2, "Discharge Spreader for Grain Bin," discloses a grain spreader that includes a hopper and spreading arms that distribute grain into a silo with a spreading cone having converging and diverging cones. The converging cone forms a first flow zone. A central opening between the converging cone and the diverging cone allows a first portion of grain collected in the converging cone to pass through the spreading cone. An intermediate hopper is located within the hopper body, between the converging cone and the hopper body. A second portion of grain overflows over the edge of the converging cone and over the diverging cone into a second flow zone outside the converging cone but within the intermediate hopper. When the second zone fills with grain, an additional portion of grain will spill over an edge of the intermediate hopper into a third flow zone radially outward from the intermediate hopper but within the hopper body.

[0026] Chinese utility model patent CN204999344U, "Distributor", discloses a distributing device, which is used for shallow round warehouses or silos, the distributing device must be inserted into the grain mouth and be square including reducer, distributor and a plurality of guide troughs, whose shape is recessed circular pot type, with opening of the upper end of the distributor, reducing the configuration at the opening and between the grain mouth, the edge of the distributor separates it a certain distance evenly to be left and has a plurality of square holes, and the lower edge of the distributor is provided with a plurality of guide troughs, and the trough distributes around and around the periphery and connects with each other with the guide trough at the end of the lower edge of the distributor, the trough is of square profile that does not have the top cover, and the direction that all moves downwards from the side is extended, the grain enters after the grain mouth enters reduction,in the distributor in the correct order, through the classic prescription type gutter guide or lower member flow direction gutter to a plurality of gutters by equipartition flow direction. This new distributor takes grain storage relatively safe, ensuring the production of long-term safe storage and effectively reducing the phenomenon of self-sorting.

[0027] Canadian patent CA2128497C, "Grain Distribution Apparatus," discloses a grain distribution apparatus for connecting to one or more grain sources and providing distribution between a plurality of outlet chutes. In one embodiment, a cylindrical housing contains a distribution spout that can be rotated between discharge positions in each receiving chute. A control wheel connected to the spout functions as a gear wheel to rotate the spout to a selected discharge position. Inductively differentiated code clusters on a coded portion of the control wheel work in conjunction with inductive sensors attached adjacent to the control wheel to generate position indication signals as the distribution spout and attached control wheel are rotated between the receiving chutes. Each discharge position has a unique code cluster to provide absolute position control.In other words, the spout location is positively identified independently in each code cluster. A drive means connected to a sprocket eccentric to the cam / sprocket engages a double-width drive chain wound and stationary around the entire circumference of the cam. A control processor connected to the drive means and inductive sensors monitor and control the positioning of the spout.

[0028] Conventional solutions for grain distribution in silos and warehouses generally involve circular flows, generating centrifugal forces that separate grains and impurities of different sizes and densities, resulting in self-sorting that is detrimental to storage. Among the prior art patents cited are patents BR102013019881, BR202022007768U2, BR202017009699Y1, BR202020016726U2, KR102412535B,

[0029] BR202019016972U2, CN106664996A, CN113148703A, show grain distribution by rotation.

[0030] Other commercially available or patented solutions include distributors with central ducts that cause separation due to density differences, or cause blockages that require time-consuming intervention to unblock them, posing risks to operators. Examples of equipment with central ducts or extensive ducts with systems that may require intervention in the event of blockages include patents BR102022013586, BR202017009699Y1, US11472646B2, CN204999344U, and CA2128497C.

[0031] Some grain distributors are driven by gears or racks, which are rigid elements that pose a high risk of breakage and irreversible damage to the equipment. Patents BR102013019881, BR202022007768U2, BR202017009699Y1, BR202020016726U2, and CN113148703A reveal examples of equipment driven by rigid elements.

[0032] Currently available solutions feature a central shaft to allow equipment to rotate, connected to the structure by spokes, which cause the accumulation of impurities and foreign materials, and promote clogging and flow blockages.

[0033] Existing solutions do not allow for completely remote operation, as they are not monitored by cameras and sensors, requiring on-site inspection by the operator, which presents the risk of serious accidents.

[0034] Current conventional processes present the following drawbacks, disadvantages, and limitations: a. High-speed circular motion of the grains, with a tendency for self-sorting of grains by diameter classes, and separation of impurities due to centrifugal force, with a consequent increase in the proliferation of insects and pests; b. When present, central ducts that cause densification and compaction of the grains, which facilitates fermentation and blockage of the ducts, with increased risk of unblocking; c. Lack of remote monitoring, with increased risks and the need for human intervention; and d. Movement through rigid shafts with gears and racks, with a risk of breakage and irreversible loss of equipment.

[0035] “BULK LOAD HOMOGENIZER” was developed to overcome the inconveniences, disadvantages and limitations of the current processes for loading grain silos and warehouses, through an integrated solution with a grain spreading device, level sensors to perform the operation in piles of 1 to 1.5 m in height with automated completion of the operation, without high-speed circular movement that could generate centrifugal forces, belt drive, absence of a central axis, monitoring by video cameras with filming in visible and infrared light.

[0036] Current conventional processes present the following technical problems, which the process of this patent solves: i. Current grain spreaders often use spreaders with a circular motion capable of generating significant centrifugal forces, which cause the separation of grain sizes and the separation of straw and impurities, which promote the proliferation of insects and pests. This problem is solved by the present invention through the use of movement without generating centrifugal forces; ii. In many cases, the use of a central duct, which can clog and cause blockages and densification. This problem is solved in this patent through the use of large-diameter radial ducts; iii. In the vast majority of cases, the use of rigid transmission elements such as shafts with gears and racks, which can break, irreversibly damaging the equipment. This problem is solved in this invention through the use of a belt; iv.In some cases, the device is supported by the internal shaft, which contributes to clogging. This is resolved by the present invention with the support attached to the upper part and the lower part rotating by a belt and bearings, which connect the upper structure to the lower structure from the external part; v. Lack of remote monitoring, requiring on-site control and posing a safety risk to the operator. This is resolved in the present patent by the level sensor with remote shutdown, as well as by monitoring with video cameras with visible and infrared light; vi. Systems for closing the grain outlets of radial ducts that require individual adjustments, this is resolved by the present invention through a system of individual quick-closing butterfly valves in each spreading duct; and vii. Static electricity buildup due to the friction of the grains in the flow, which can cause sparks and trigger accidents such as dust explosions.This patent addresses this issue through a grounding system for pipes over 4 m in length, using steel cabling to assist with guying and provide grounding that dissipates static energy generated during grain passage. The research that led to this invention aimed to enable the homogeneous loading of silos or bulk grain warehouses, safely and automatically. Development of the equipment began approximately 15 years ago. During this time, successes and failures were made, which were subsequently corrected through studies, testing, and customer feedback.

[0037] In previous prototypes, the ducts became clogged due to the accumulation of impurities in the shaft fixing crossbars as well as in the adjustment of the grain outlet covers.

[0038] The next steps were to determine the movement of the duct distribution container, as well as define its diameters and dimensions, and the control and monitoring of the flow.

[0039] Brief description of the drawings

[0040] For a better understanding of this patent, the following figures are attached:

[0041] Figure 1, which shows a perspective view of the grain homogenizing assembly that is the subject of this patent, mounted on the transport structure (4) with control panel (3) and thermometry assembly (5);

[0042] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the grain homogenizing assembly that is the subject of this patent, without the transport structure (4), without the control panel (3), and without the thermometry assembly (5);

[0043] Figure 3 shows a side view of the grain homogenizer assembly that is the subject of this patent;

[0044] Figure 4 shows a side sectional view of the interior of the grain homogenizer assembly that is the subject of this patent, with the optional thermometry assembly (5);

[0045] Figure 5 shows a top view of the grain homogenizer assembly that is the subject of this patent, with the optional thermometry assembly (5);

[0046] Figure 6 shows a top perspective view of the thermometry assembly (5) of the homogenizer that is the subject of this patent;

[0047] Figure 7 shows an exploded view of the upper structure (1) of the grain homogenizer that is the subject of this patent;

[0048] Figure 8 shows a top perspective view of the lower structure (2) of the grain homogenizer that is the subject of this patent, in the option without the optional thermometry assembly (5), and its connection with the motor (8);

[0049] Figure 9, which shows the highlight (AA) of figure 8, detailing the set of clips and bearings (2-F) that allow the rotation and positioning of the lower structure (2) for spreading the grains when loading warehouses and silos by the grain homogenizer that is the subject of this patent; and

[0050] Figure 10 shows the perspective view of the guide and support assembly (9) that connects the lower structure (2) to the upper structure (1), and guides the bearings (2-F) of the grain homogenizer that is the subject of the present patent.

[0051] Figure 11 illustrates the perspective view of the regulating tube (10), which can be added at the outlet of the cylindrical ducts (2-Al) of the lower structure (2); and

[0052] Figure 12 illustrates the exploded view of the regulator tube (10), revealing the regulator (10-b) that is moved by the servomotor positioned inside the housing (10-e);

[0053] Figure 13 illustrates the perspective view of the thermometry assembly (5), with the central regulator (11) installed;

[0054] Figure 14 illustrates the top view of the homogenizer assembly, with the central regulator (11);

[0055] Figure 15 illustrates the perspective view of the flow regulator (12) installed in the duct (2-Al), revealing the positioning of the motor (12-e) and the cover (12-f);

[0056] Figure 16 illustrates the side view of the flow regulator (12) installed in the duct (2-Al);

[0057] Figure 17 illustrates the top view of the flow regulator (12), revealing the connection of the parallel arm (12-a) to the supports (12-b) and the attachment of the shoes (12-c) to the duct (2-Al);

[0058] Figure 18 illustrates a schematic side view of the flow regulator (12), without the duct (2-Al), revealing the positioning of the supporter (12-g) and the cover (12-f);

[0059] Figure 19 illustrates the interface (13) of the application for flow control, demonstrating the silo selector (13-a); and Figure 20 illustrates the interface (13) of the application for flow control, demonstrating the regulator selector (13-b) and the flow selector (13-c).

[0060] Description of the invention

[0061] According to figures 1 to 5, the grain homogenizing assembly subject to the present patent is composed of an upper structure (1) for receiving and directing the grain flow, of substantially frusto-conical shape, mounted on the guide and support assembly (9) of the bearings, in the form of 2 concentric rings connected by radial pins, said guide and support assembly (9) supporting and guiding by bearings the lower structure (2) of substantially frusto-conical shape with cylindrical spreading ducts arranged radially along the inclined wall, also containing the control panel (3), for controlling the operation, metal transport structure (4), optionally containing the thermometry assembly (5), in the shape of a Chinese hat with a thermometry cable, mounted on the bottom of the upper structure (1), grain flow directing gutter (6), in the shape of a gutter with a circular cross-section profile, arranged on the periphery of the upper structure (1),transmission by flexible belt (7) of the turning movement of the motor (8), to the bearings guided by the outer ring (9-A) of the assembly (9), said motor (8) being arranged externally to the upper structure (1).,

[0062] According to figure 6, optionally a thermometry assembly (5) can be adopted to position a thermometer cable, fixed in the center of the upper structure (1), which consists of a central axis (5-A) of cylindrical shape, containing at its upper end the disc (5-B) with 3 grooves for positioning the disc radially to the axis (5-A), Chinese hat (5-D), attached to the upper end of the thermometry assembly (5) by the threaded bar (5-C).

[0063] According to figures 7 to 10, the upper structure (1) is composed of the plate elements (1-A) in a rectangular plate shape, for fixing the motor assembly (8) and transmission and flexible belt (7), angles (1-B) for positioning and fixing the plate (1-A), ring (1-C) for fixing the flow direction gutter (6) on the edge of the pan (1-D), grain flow reception pan (1-D), in a truncated cone shape, with open mouth and bottom, ring (1-E), welded to the periphery of the bottom of the upper structure (1), to fit it inside the inner ring (9-B) of the guide and support assembly (9), and to secure and position the upper structure over the lower structure (2).

[0064] According to figure 8, the lower structure (2) consists of 4 to 12 sets of ducts (2-A) for spreading the grain flow, in the shape of a cylindrical tube, arranged obliquely around the grain flow receiver (2-B); Grain flow receiver (2-B), in a truncated-conical shape with holes concomitant with the sets of ducts (2-A) and where the ducts (2-A) are welded in order to divide the grain flow and spread it uniformly throughout the interior of the warehouse or silo; Said duct assemblies (2-A) consisting of cylindrical ducts (2-Al) themselves, butterfly valves (2-A-2), conventional on / off type, manual actuators (2-A-3) of the butterfly valves, conventional type, springs (2-A-4) in cylindrical shape with stop to keep the actuators (2-A-3) of the on / off butterfly valves in the open or closed position during operation; Spring supports (2-A-5), in the shape of a metal rod or eye, attached to the external body of the structure (2);Limiter (2-C) in the shape of a flat circular crown, connecting by welding the receiving pan (2-B) to the circular ring (2-D) that holds the clip and bearing sets (2-F) in position, by screwing them to the ears (2-G), in rectangular plate shapes and welded to the circular ring (2-D); Belt pulley (2-E), in the shape of a circular ring, where the clips (2-F) are welded and arranged with the bearings in such a way as to allow the entire structure (2) to rotate whenever the motor (8) is activated; Set of clips (2-F), in the shape of rectangular plates, 4 in number, arranged symmetrically and fixed around the diameter of the inner face of the pulley (2-E); Bottom of the structure (2-H), in a conical shape of the Chinese hat type, arranged in such a way as to direct the flow of grains towards the ducts (2-A) during operation.;

[0065] According to detail (A-A) of figure 8, shown in figure 9, each set of clips (2-F) contains a vertical clip (2-F-1), in the shape of a rectangular plate, arranged vertically in relation to the support and guide assembly (9) to allow fixing two bearings (2-F-5) mounted to roll on the upper surface and on the lower surface above and below the outer ring (9-A) of the support and guide assembly (9), in order to allow the rotation of the lower structure (2), a wedge for interconnecting the clips (2-F-2) in the shape of a triangular prism, which has the clips welded to it, in order to interconnect the clips with each other, a horizontal clip (2-F-3), in the shape of a rectangular plate, arranged horizontally in relation to the support and guide assembly (9) to allow fixing a bearing (2-F-6) mounted transversely to the bearings (2-F-5) to roll on the outer surface of the outer ring (9-A) of the support and guide assembly guide (9),so as to prevent deviation from the center of the circular movement of the lower structure (2) when rotating, and oblique clip (2-F-4), in the shape of a rectangular plate, welded to the wedge (2-F-2) in a position and angle concomitant with the ear (2-G) of the circular ring (2-D) to interconnect the sets of clips and bearings (2-F) to the lower structure (2).,

[0066] According to figure 10, the guide and support assembly (9) consists of: outer ring (9-A), in the shape of a cylindrical ring, which will be the guide on which the vertical bearings (2-F-5) and the transverse bearings (2-F-6) will roll to rotate the lower structure (2); inner ring (9-B), in the shape of a cylindrical ring, which contains the 4 holes (9-C), diametrically opposed, for fitting and fixing by screws the lower ring (1-E) of the upper structure (1) on the lower structure (2); and 4 pins (9-D), in a cylindrical shape, arranged diametrically opposite, so as to connect the outer (9-A) and inner (9-B) rings to each other.

[0067] In this way, when the motor (8) rotates at a pre-defined pace, the belt (7) causes the lower structure (2) to rotate at this pre-defined pace, changing the position of the grains spreading through the ducts (2-A).

[0068] Optionally, as shown in figures 11 and 12, it is possible to use the regulator tube (10), equipped with a metal tube (10-a), with a through hole on its side; equipped with a regulator (10-b), metal, in the shape of a disc whose diameter is proportional to the tube (10-a), with an axis fixed in the central part of the face of the disc, in which the ends of the axis are positioned in the holes of the tube (10-a) allowing a tilting movement; equipped with a clamp (10-c) that surrounds the tube (10-a); equipped with a casing (10-d), metal, that surrounds a servomotor; and equipped with a support (10-e), metallic, in the shape of a “C” with a rectangular profile and with a hole in its face, fixed to the side of the tube (10-a) and to the casing (10-d), in which the regulator shaft (10-b) passes through the hole in the support (10-e) and is connected to the servo motor inside the casing (10-d).

[0069] A plurality of regulator tubes (10) can be installed, one in each of the cylindrical ducts (2-Al) of the lower assembly (2). To install the regulator tube (10), the butterfly valves (2-A-2), manual actuators (2-A-3), springs (2-A-4) and spring supports (2-A-5) must be removed from the ducts (2-A). After removing these components, the end with the clamp (10-c) of the tube (10-a) is positioned around the cylindrical duct (2-Al). The clamp (10-c) is then tightened to secure the regulator tube to the lower assembly (2).

[0070] The servomotor positioned inside the housing (10-d) can be connected and controlled via an application whose interface (13) has a silo selector (13-a); a regulator selector (13-b); and a flow selector (13-c).

[0071] Optionally, as shown in figures 13 and 14, the grain homogenizer assembly can use a central regulator (11), which is equipped with a cardan shaft (11-b) with two crosspieces, preferably with an 8% displacement, with one of its ends fixed to the apex of the Chinese hat (5-D) and its other end fixed to the motor (11-a); and motor (11-a), preferably a 12vdc stepper motor, or similar.

[0072] Alternatively to the regulator (10), the grain homogenizer assembly can use the flow regulator (12).

[0073] According to figures 15 to 18, the flow regulator (12) is equipped with a parallel arm (12-a), metallic, in the shape of two arches with an extension that extends perpendicularly at one of its ends, arranged in parallel; equipped with a support (12-b), metallic, rectangular in shape with rounded ends, which connects the end of the arch of the parallel arm (12-a) to the motor (12-e); equipped with shoes (12-c), metallic, fixed in its lower part to the duct (2-Al) and connected to the extensions of the parallel arm (12-a) in such a way as to allow its rotation; equipped with an arm (12-d), metallic, rectangular in shape with rounded ends, positioned between the arches of the parallel arm (12-a), connecting the opposite end to the extension of the parallel arm (12-a) to the cover (12-f); equipped with a motor (12-e), preferably electric, connected to the supports (12-b);equipped with a lid (12-f), with geometry equivalent to the interior part of the duct (2-Al), connected to the arm (12-d) in such a way as to allow its rotation; and equipped with a supporter (12-g), in the shape of an axle, fixed in such a way as to penetrate the interior of the duct (2-Al) offering support to the upper part of the lid (12-f).;

[0074] According to figures 15, 18 and 19, the arm (12-d) is fixed between the extensions of the parallel arm (12-a) and fixed to the shoe (12-c) through a pin that allows its rotation.

[0075] Alternatively, the support (12-f) may be in the form of an elongated pin, provided that its length is adequate to support the cover (12-f). The flow regulator (12) is positioned in the ducts (2-Al) after the manual actuators (2-A-3) of the butterfly valves (2-A-2). The flow regulator (12), in turn, can be activated through an application, where it will be possible to fully or partially open each duct (2-Al) individually according to the operator's needs.

[0076] Examples of embodiments of the invention

[0077] The process of homogeneous distribution of grains in a warehouse or silo by the grain homogenizer that is the subject of this patent takes place through the following sequence of steps:

[0078] I. The equipment is positioned at the top of the silo or warehouse, in the position where the bulk grain flow is received;

[0079] II. The operator records on the control panel (3) the rotation time for positioning the ducts and forming the grain piles, and the loading time for each pile flow, according to the incoming flow. As a non-limiting reference, the rotation time can be 30 seconds, equivalent to a rotation angle of 15°, and the loading time in a fixed position can be 2 minutes;

[0080] III. The operator starts loading the grains, which flow into the center of the upper structure (1);

[0081] IV. The grain flow occurs by directing it towards the pan of the upper structure (1), hitting the gutter (6), which positions the flow towards the center of the lower structure (2);

[0082] V. The flow through the central cone at the bottom of the lower structure (2) directs the flow of grains evenly to the spreading ducts (2- A);

[0083] VI. The flow divided by the ducts spreads throughout the silo or warehouse in homogeneous mounds 1 to 1.5 m high;

[0084] VII. The level control automatically stops the flow when the setup is reached, and informs you through an audible alarm;

[0085] VIII. The lower structure (2) moves in a circular motion at a pre-set angle, for example 15 degrees, according to the rotation time set on the control panel (3);

[0086] IX. The lower structure stops, and the operation of loading a new set of grain piles is repeated along the silo, until it is finally filled; and

[0087] X. The operation is carried out remotely, monitored by cameras in visible light and infrared.

[0088] According to figures 13 and 14, the central regulator (11) can be activated through the application interface (13) or the control panel (3), where a signal is sent to the motor (11-b), activating it. The motor (11-b), when activated, rotates the cardan shaft (11-b) that transfers the rotation to the Chinese hat (5-D), regulating its height by screwing / unscrewing the threaded bar (5-C). In this way, the gap between the disc (5-B) and the Chinese hat (5-D) is changed, regulating the flow of grain to the set of ducts (2-A).

[0089] The application will register the storage units, which can be a single silo or multiple silos. According to figures 20 and 21, the application interface (13) has a silo selector (13-a), which allows a user to select different homogenizers installed in different silos. Once the silo is selected, the interface (13) displays the regulator selector (13-b), which allows the user to select the regulator they wish to adjust, including the flow regulators (12) installed individually in each duct (2-Al), the central regulator (11) or regulator tube (10), or all regulators. Once the regulators are selected, the opening rate can be selected through the flow selector (13-c), where, in this embodiment, values ​​of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% opening are presented.

[0090] In one embodiment, the homogenizers have 4 to 12 ducts (12-Al), preferably 150 to 200 mm in diameter. For optimal operation at the beginning of silo loading, the user activates the homogenizer equipment on the control panel (3). Then, the user opens the shorter and medium ducts (2-Al) through the app. After the volume exceeds half of the silo, the operator opens the larger ducts (2-Al), allowing perfect filling of the silo's lateral spaces.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. BULK LOAD HOMOGENIZING DEVICE, for loading grains into silos and warehouses, characterized in that the grain homogenizing assembly contains an upper structure (1) for receiving and directing the flow of grains, with a substantially truncated-conical shape, composed of the plate elements (1-A) in a rectangular plate shape, for fixing the motor assembly (8) and transmission and flexible belt (7); angle brackets (1-B) for positioning and fixing the plate (1- A); ring (1-C) for fixing the flow direction gutter (6) to the edge of the pan (1-D); grain flow receiving pan (1-D), in a truncated cone shape, with an open mouth and bottom; ring (1-E), welded to the periphery of the bottom of the upper structure (1), to fit it inside the inner ring (9-B) of the guide and support assembly (9) and secure and position the upper structure over the lower structure (2); the guide and support assembly (9) of the bearings, in the form of concentric rings connected by radial pins, consists of an outer ring (9-A), in the shape of a cylindrical ring, serving as a guide for the vertical bearings (2-F-5) and the transverse bearings (2-F-6); consisting of an inner ring (9-B), in the shape of a cylindrical ring, which contains diametrically opposed holes (9-C); consisting of cylindrical pins (9-D), arranged diametrically opposite, so as to connect the outer (9-A) and inner (9-B) rings to each other;the lower structure (2), of substantially frusto-conical shape with cylindrical spreading ducts arranged radially along the inclined wall, consisting of 4 to 12 sets of ducts (2-A) for spreading the grain flow, in the shape of a cylindrical tube, arranged obliquely around the grain flow receiver (2-B); Grain flow receiver (2-B), in frusto-conical shape with holes where the ducts (2-A) are welded; the duct sets (2-A) contain cylindrical ducts (2-Al); contain butterfly valves (2-A-2), of conventional on / off type; contain manual actuators (2-A-3) of the butterfly valves, of conventional type; contain springs (2-A-4) in cylindrical shape with stop; contains spring supports (2-A-5), in the form of a metal rod or eyelet, attached to the external body of the structure (2); contains a limiter (2-C) in the form of a flat circular crown, connecting by welding to the receiving pan (2-; B) and the circular ring (2-D); contains ears (2-G), in rectangular plate shape and welded to the circular ring (2-D); Contains belt pulley (2-E), in circular ring shape, where the clips (2-F) are welded and arranged with the bearings so as to allow the entire structure (2) to rotate; contains clips (2-F), in the shape of rectangular plates arranged symmetrically and fixed around the diameter of the inner face of the pulley (2-E), where each set of clips (2-F) contains a vertical clip (2-F-1), in rectangular plate shape, arranged vertically in relation to the support and guide assembly (9) to allow fixing two mounted bearings (2-F-5); contains a clip interconnecting wedge (2-F-2) in the shape of a triangular prism, which has the clips welded to it, so as to interconnect the clips with each other;contains horizontal clip (2-F-3), in the shape of a rectangular plate, arranged horizontally in relation to the support and guide assembly (9) to allow fixing a bearing (2-F-6) mounted transversely to the bearings (2-F-5); oblique clip (2-F-4), in the shape of a rectangular plate, welded to the wedge (2-F-2) in a position and angle concomitant with the ear (2-G) of the circular ring (2-D); contains the bottom of the structure (2-H), in a conical shape of the Chinese hat type, arranged to direct the flow of grains towards the ducts (2-A) during operation; contains control panel (3); contains metal transport structure (4); contains grain flow directing gutter (6), in the shape of a gutter with a circular cross-section profile, arranged on the periphery of the upper structure (1); and contains flexible belt transmission (7).; 2. BULK CARGO HOMOGENIZING DEVICE, according to claim 1, characterized in that, optionally, a thermometry assembly (5) is adopted, in the shape of a Chinese hat with a thermometer shaft, fixed in the center of the upper structure (1); the thermometry assembly (5) has a cylindrical central shaft (5-A); it has a disc (5-B) with grooves for positioning the disc radially to the shaft (5-A); it has a Chinese hat (5-D), attached to the upper end of the central shaft (5-A) by the threaded bar (5-C).

3. BULK CARGO HOMOGENIZING DEVICE, according to claim 2, characterized by, optionally, making use of a central regulator (11), which is equipped with a cardan shaft (11-b) with two crosspieces, with one of its ends fixed to the apex of the Chinese hat (5-D) and its other end fixed to the motor (11-a); and motor (11-a).

4. OPERATION PROCESS OF THE BULK CARGO HOMOGENIZER, according to claim 1, characterized in that the operation takes place through the following steps: I. The equipment is positioned at the top of the silo or warehouse, in the position where the bulk grain flow is received; II. The operator records on the control panel (3) the rotation time for positioning the ducts and forming the grain piles, and the time for loading the flow of each pile, according to the input flow; III. The operator starts loading the grains, which flow into the center of the upper structure (1); IV. The grain flow occurs by directing it towards the pan of the upper structure (1), hitting the gutter (6), which positions the flow towards the center of the lower structure (2); V. The flow through the central cone at the bottom of the lower structure (2) directs the flow of grains evenly to the spreading ducts (2-A); VI. The flow divided by the ducts spreads throughout the silo or warehouse in homogeneous mounds 1 to 1.5 m high; VIL Level control stops the flow automatically when the values ​​designated in the setup are reached, and informs through an audible alarm; VIII. The lower structure (2) moves in a circular motion at a pre-set angle, according to the rotation time designated on the control panel; IX. The lower structure stops, and the operation of loading a new set of grain piles is repeated along the silo, until it is finally filled; X. The operation is carried out remotely, monitored by cameras in visible light and infrared.

5. BULK CARGO HOMOGENIZER, according to claim 1, characterized in that it optionally makes use of the regulating tube (10), provided with a metal tube (10-a), with a through hole in its side; provided with a metal regulator (10-b), in the shape of a disc whose diameter is proportional to the tube (10-a), with an axis fixed in the central part of the face of the disc, in which the ends of the axis are positioned in the holes of the tube (10-a); provided with a clamp (10-c) that surrounds the tube (10-a); provided with a metal casing (10-d), which surrounds a servomotor; and equipped with a metal support (10-e), with a hole in its face, fixed to the side of the tube (10-a) and to the casing (10-d), in which the regulator shaft (10-b) passes through the hole in the support (10-e) and is connected to the servo motor inside the casing (10-d).

6. BULK CARGO HOMOGENIZER, according to claim 1, characterized in that it optionally makes use of the flow regulator (12), provided with a parallel arm (12-a), metallic; provided with a support (12-b), metallic, which connects the end of the arch of the parallel arm (12-a) to the motor (12-e); provided with shoes (12-c), metallic, fixed in its lower part to the duct (2-Al) and connected to the parallel arm (12-a) in such a way as to allow its rotation; provided with an arm (12-d), metallic, positioned between the parallel arm (12-a) in such a way as to connect the opposite end to the extension to the lid (12-f); provided with a motor (12-e), connected to the supports (12-b); provided with a lid (12-f), with geometry equivalent to the interior part of the duct (2-Al), connected to the arm (12-d) in such a way as to allow its rotation; and equipped with a supporter (12-g), fixed in such a way as to penetrate the interior of the duct (2-Al) offering support to the upper part of the cover (12-f).

7. BULK CARGO HOMOGENIZER, according to claims 3, 4 and 6, characterized in that the servomotor positioned inside the housing (10-d) of the regulator tube (10), the motor (11-a) of the central regulator (11), and the motor (12-e) of the flow regulator (12) can be controlled via an application whose interface (13) has a silo selector (13-a); has a regulator selector (13-b); and has a flow selector (13-c); enabling remote flow control with different devices such as cell phones, tablets, computers, etc.

8. BULK CARGO HOMOGENIZER, according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation of the lower structure (2) is carried out by the external part of the structure, with no central axis.

9. BULK CARGO HOMOGENIZER, according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring of the load is carried out remotely through a video camera.

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