Method for data transmission, communication apparatus and communication system
By determining a flexible rate matching starting position for retransmissions based on code rate or previous transmission parameters, the method addresses inefficiencies in HARQ combining, enhancing data transmission efficiency and resource utilization in wireless communication systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/108761
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-03-27
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing channel coding methods in wireless communication systems face limitations in maximizing incremental redundancy performance of Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) combining due to fixed starting positions for retransmissions, leading to inefficient use of communication resources.
A method for determining a flexible rate matching based starting position for retransmissions based on the code rate or previous transmission parameters, allowing for efficient calculation of coded bits without requiring additional storage resources and enabling direct determination of starting positions without waiting for feedback.
This approach enhances the incremental redundancy performance of HARQ combining by optimizing resource utilization and reducing computational waste, thereby improving data transmission efficiency.
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Figure CN2024108761_02102025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD FOR DATA TRANSMISSION, COMMUNICATION APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No.: 63 / 570,719, filed March 27, 2024, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure generally relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a method for data transmission, a communication apparatus, a communication system, and a computer-readable storage medium.BACKGROUND
[0003] Channel coding is an indispensable module in communications systems that encode K source bits into N code bits to provide error correction capability against adversary channel condition such as noise and interference. The code rate is R=K / N. In practice, the code rate R is selected according to channel quality.SUMMARY
[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for data transmission, a communication apparatus, a communication system, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product and a computer program.
[0005] In a first aspect, a method for data transmission is provided. The method includes: determining a rate matching based starting position for a second transmission based on one of a rate matching based ending position for a first transmission or a code rate (CR) , where the second transmission is a transmission of a data block, and the first transmission includes one or more previous transmissions for the data block; and transmitting or receiving the data block based on the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission.
[0006] In this method, the rate matching based starting position for a second transmission may be flexible, this second transmission with a flexible starting point may be used as a new retransmission for data transmission. The rate matching based starting position for the second transmission may be determined based on a rate matching based ending position for a first transmission, or the second transmission may be determined based on the CR. This construction can maximize incremental redundancy (IR) performance of HARQ combining.
[0007] In some embodiments, the CR is indicated by a first indication, and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the CR, includes: obtaining an initial position based on a redundancy version (RV) ; determining a number of coded bits based on the CR; determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the initial position and the number of coded bits.
[0008] In this case, without obtaining the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, it is possible to directly calculate the number of coded bits of the first transmission based the CR indicated by the first indication and the initial position, thereby determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission. This calculation method is simple and may minimize the waste of computing resources.
[0009] In some embodiments, the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission is indicated by a second indication, or the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission is determined based on one of a redundancy version (RV) of the first transmission or a RV of an initial transmission, and one of a number of coded bits of a code block or a CR of the first transmission.
[0010] When determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, one method is that the second indication directly indicates the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission. And another method is to obtain the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission based on the RV of the first transmission (when the RV of the first transmission is unknown, the default is to use the RV of the initial transmission, i.e., RV0) , which is combined with one of a number of coded bits of a code block or a CR of the first transmission to determine the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission. As can be seen from the above, these methods provide flexible options for determining the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0011] In some embodiments, the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission is determined based on a rate matching based starting position for the first transmission and one of the CR or the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission, and the starting position of the first transmission is obtained based on the RV of the first transmission or the RV of the initial transmission.
[0012] The rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is determined based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, and the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission is determined based on the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission and one of the CR or the number of coded bits of the code block. The advantage of this method is that the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission may be calculated accurately based on the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission, so that the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission may be determined accurately.
[0013] In some embodiments, determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, includes: obtaining a rate matching based starting position for the first transmission based on the RV of the first transmission or the RV of the initial transmission; determining the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission based on the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission and one of the CR or the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission; and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0014] This method describes the step of calculating the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission in detail. When the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission is obtained, the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission may be obtained by calculating the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission based on one of the number of coded bits of the code block or the CR of the first transmission. This method gives a different approach to the calculation of the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0015] In some embodiments, the one or more previous transmissions include a previous transmission, the CR of the first transmission includes a CR of the previous transmission, the RV of the first transmission includes a RV of the previous transmission, the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission includes a number of coded bits of a code block of the previous transmission, and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, includes: obtaining a rate matching based starting position for the previous transmission based on the RV of the previous transmission or the RV of the initial transmission; determining a number of coded bits of the code block of the previous transmission based on a number of information bits of the code block and the CR of the previous transmission; determining an rate matching based ending position for the previous transmission based on the rate matching based starting position for the previous transmission and the number of coded bits of the code block of the previous transmission; and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the previous transmission.
[0016] When the first transmission is a previous transmission of the second transmission for the same data block, the rate matching based starting position for the previous transmission is the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission. When the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission is obtained, and the number of coded bits of the previous transmission may be calculated based on the CR and the number of information bits of the code block of the previous transmission, thereby obtaining the rate matching based ending position for the previous transmission. By analogy, the rate matching based ending position for the previous transmission may be continuously calculated based on the rate matching based starting position for the previous transmission, thus determining the rate matching based starting position for the current new retransmission (which is also called the second transmission) . This approach transforms the repetition problem into a single problem of repeated operations, providing an intuitive method for calculating.
[0017] In some embodiments, the one or more previous transmissions include a plurality of previous transmissions, the CR of the first transmission includes a combined CR of the plurality of previous transmissions, the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission includes a number of coded bits of a code block of the plurality of previous transmissions, and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, includes: obtaining a rate matching based starting position for the plurality of previous transmissions based on the RV of the initial transmission; determining a number of coded bits of the code block of the plurality of previous transmissions based on a number of information bits of the code block and the combined CR of the plurality of previous transmissions; determining an rate matching based ending position for the plurality of previous transmissions based on the rate matching based starting position for the plurality of previous transmissions and the number of the coded bits of the code block of the plurality of previous transmissions; and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the plurality of previous transmissions.
[0018] When the first transmission includes a plurality of previous transmissions prior to the second transmission, the plurality of previous transmissions may be considered as an equivalent transmission, and the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission is the rate matching based starting position for the initial transmission. When the rate matching based starting position for the initial transmission is obtained, a number of coded bits of the equivalent transmission may be calculated based on the combined CR and the number of information bits of the code block of the equivalent transmission, and the rate matching based ending position for the plurality of previous transmissions may be further determined. In this case, the number of coded bits of the plurality of previous transmissions may be calculated directly based on the combined CR and the number of information bits of the code block of the plurality of previous transmissions, providing a calculation method with high operational efficiency and avoiding waste of computational resources.
[0019] In some embodiments, the first indication is included in a control signal, the control signal further includes a third indication; and the third indication includes a retransmission indication and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index for indicating the CR of the first transmission.
[0020] As can be seen from the above, both the first indication and the third indication are contained in a control signal, the third indication further including a retransmission indication and a MCS index for indicating the CR of the first transmission. This method allows the use of control signal to convey as much information as possible while conserving storage resources.
[0021] In some embodiments, the MCS index is further used for indicating a modulation order of the second transmission.
[0022] In this method, a single MCS index may indicate both the CR of the first transmission and a modulation order of the second transmission. The advantage of this method is that the existing MCS index table may be used directly without creating a new MCS index table for retransmission, which can reduce the consumption of storage resources.
[0023] In some embodiments, the control signal further includes a fourth indication for indicating that the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is a fixed starting position or a starting position depending on rate matching results of the first transmission.
[0024] The above control signal further includes a fourth indication for indicating that the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is a fixed starting position, or a starting position depending on rate matching results of the first transmission (which means that the starting position may be a flexible starting position) . This approach provides a simple way of indicating the determination of the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission and facilitates the flexible selection of the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission.
[0025] In some embodiments, the fourth indication includes a redundancy version (RV) for the second transmission or a 1-bit indication.
[0026] In a scenario, the fourth indication includes a RV for the second transmission, it refers to the case where there may be a new RV to indicate the flexibility of the rate matching based starting position for a second transmission. This RV may indicate whether the rate matching based starting position for a second transmission is flexible. In another scenario, the fourth indication includes a 1-bit indication indicating the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is a fixed starting position or a starting position depending on rate matching results of the first transmission.
[0027] In some embodiments, the control signal is carried in one or more of radio resource control (RRC) signaling, medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) signaling or downlink control information (DCI) signaling.
[0028] The control signal may be carried in any of the above signals, or may be any combination of the above signals, which makes communication between different communication devices more convenient and reduces the cost of communication.
[0029] In some embodiments, the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission follows the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0030] The above method shows that the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is after the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, which may effectively prevent certain bits that have been successfully transmitted from being transmitted repeatedly or certain bits that have not been transmitted from being missed during data transmission, avoiding the waste of communication resources.
[0031] In some embodiments, the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is a first bit after the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission; or the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is located after the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, and there is a fixed number of bits between the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission and the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0032] When the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission depends on rate matching results of the first transmission, the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is a first bit after the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission; or the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is located a fixed number of bits after the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission. When the starting point of the second transmission is flexible, this approach offers different ways to determine the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission.
[0033] In some embodiments, determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission includes: determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission without waiting for feedback or DCI scheduling grant.
[0034] In this method, the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission may be determined without waiting for feedback or DCI scheduling grant. This method is efficient and allows for a direct determination of the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission without the knowledge of physical transmission process (e.g. rate matching) of previous transmissions.
[0035] In a second aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus includes a memory and one or more processors. The memory is configured to store a part of all of a necessary computer program or instructions for implementing a function in the first aspect. The one or more processors may execute the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions is / are executed, the communication apparatus is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect. In some embodiments, the communication apparatus may further include an interface circuit, and the processor is configured to communicate with another apparatus or component through the interface circuit.
[0036] In a third aspect, a communication system is provided, including a communication apparatus performing the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible embodiments of the first aspect.
[0037] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer storage medium stores program code, and the program code is used to execute one or more instructions for the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible embodiments of the first aspect.
[0038] In a fifth aspect, a computer program is provided, when a computer program is executed by a computing device, causes the computing device to perform the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible embodiments of the first aspect.
[0039] In a sixth aspect, a computer program product is provided, including one or more instructions, where when the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer performs the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible embodiments of the first aspect.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0040] For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the Detailed Description below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures.
[0041] FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a RV definition for NR LDPC codes;
[0042] FIG. 2 shows a communication system in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0043] FIG. 3 shows another communication system in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0044] FIG. 4 shows an apparatus that wirelessly communicates with at least one apparatus in a communication system, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0045] FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of an electronic device or apparatus, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0046] FIG. 6 shows a procedure for initial transmission and retransmission or repetition using a newly defined retransmission RV, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0047] FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of a method for data transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0048] FIG. 8 shows an example RV definition scheme in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0049] FIG. 9 shows an example of RV indication and construction for DCI scheduled retransmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0050] FIG. 10 shows an example of re-using some existing DCI field to indicate modulation order and code rate, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0051] FIG. 11 shows an example of a retransmission performed without waiting for feedback or DCI scheduling grant, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0052] FIG. 12 shows a block diagram of a communication apparatus, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0053] FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of a communication apparatus, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0054] FIG. 14 shows a block diagram of a communication system, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0055] The solutions described in this disclosure are applicable to a wide range of communication networks, such as a next generation (e.g., 5G+, a future generation or later) network, or a legacy (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G or 2G) network. The solutions may also be implemented in Wi-Fi, NTN, cloud and edge computing service, sensing services, or distributed or self-organized networks. In an example, the solutions may be applied to automated manufacturing systems in smart factories. In another example, the solutions may be applied to other intelligent vertical scenarios such as ports, delivery systems and medical systems.
[0056] For ease of understanding, the technical terms involved in the embodiments are first described below.
[0057] 1. Channel coding
[0058] Polar codes are capacity-achieving codes and thus a great breakthrough in coding theory. As code length approaches infinity, the synthesized channels (or subchannels) become either noiseless or pure noise. The noiseless subchannels are utilized to transport information, and their proportion is proven to achieve the channel capacity defined by Shannon. The above-mentioned channel polarization phenomenon occurs under successive cancellation (SC) or SC-based decoding, which has a relatively low complexity. Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are capacity-approaching codes. LDPC codes are usually defined by a parity-check matrix, which has far more zeros than ones, thus having low density. By properly designing the positions of ones in the matrix, the decoding performance can be improved. Although LDPC codes can be viewed as a type of random codes, introducing structures can facilitate its hardware implementations of both encoder and decoder. Quasi-cyclic is such a structure that first defines a smaller base matrix or base graph (BG) , and then perform “lifting” by replacing its ones with a cyclic shifted version of identity matrix. Rate matching is performed after channel encoding, by either puncturing / shortening or repeating some code bits. The purpose is to obtain a code bit sequence of desired length for transmission over limited channel resources. Channel interleaver is applied after channel encoding and rate matching by permuting the code bits. The purpose is to provide stable or superior performance under high-order modulation or in fading channel.
[0059] 2. Retransmission
[0060] Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) is a mechanism to provide reliable wireless transmission. It combines forward error correction (FEC) and automatic repeat request (ARQ) . In HARQ, the initial transmission is a FEC code word with CRC bits to support error detection at the receiver. If a decoding error is detected, the receiver will send back a NACK signaling to inform the transmitter of the error, and request for a retransmission.
[0061] The retransmitted bits can be directly selected from the initially transmitted bits, or incrementally generated code bits which form a longer code word with the initially transmitted bits. The former is called chase-combining HARQ (CC-HARQ) and the latter is called incremental-redundancy HARQ (IR-HARQ) . Typically, IR-HARQ outperforms CC-HARQ with the additional coding gain from incremental redundancy.
[0062] 3. LDPC code
[0063] Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code is a channel coding scheme very close to Shannon line, and features good performance and low complexity. Currently, LDPC has been adopted as data channel coding schemes by 3GPP 5G New Radio (NR) and IEEE 802.11 systems. The LDPC code is encoded by through a parity-check matrix. A widely-adopted LDPC code has a quasi-cyclic (QC) structure, and a shifting value of each block is designed to avoid a bad structure such as a short circle, and improve a code distance.
[0064] At present, the main decoding algorithms for LDPC codes are Min-Sum (MS) and Belief Propagation (BP) . In terms of decoding performance, the BP decoding algorithm is better, but it has a large amount of information storage and a complex computation overhead, which is not convenient to hardware implementation. Therefore, Offset-MS and Normalized-MS decoding algorithms are used in realistic communication systems.
[0065] The LDPC codes implemented in practice is to extend the “1” in the basic graph (BG) by a square matrix, which is a cyclic shifted version of an identity matrix. The BG of QC-LDPC code can be defined by BG= (X, Y, F) , where X corresponds to a variable, Y corresponds to a check equation, and F is its edge connections. The Tanner graph is obtained after QC lifting with an expansion factor Zc. That is, a bipartite graph G= (V, C, E) , where V is a variable node, C is a check node, E is a connected edge, and a corresponding parity matrix column quantity is N=|V|=Zc |X|. The quantity of rows of the check matrix is M=|C|=Zc |Y|, and a quantity of non-zero elements of the check matrix is |E|=Z|F|.
[0066] 4. Redundancy version (RV)
[0067] 5G data channels support information block length ranging from 1 to 8448. The standard describes two parity-check matrices: BG1 and BG2. The same base graph, lifted by different lifting sizes, can adapt to a wide set of different code rates and lengths. To achieve this, one only needs to store the Lifting Size and Shifting Value lists in the look-up tables, and rate matching and IR-HARQ based on the tables. In NR LDPC codes, a codeword before rate matching (referred to as a mother codeword) typically includes three disjoint portions or parts, i.e., systematic bits, core parity check bits and extended parity check bits.
[0068] In NR LDPC code, four different redundancy versions (RVs) including RV0, RV1, RV2 and RV3 are generated after rate matching. In initial transmission, RV0 is normally selected in which most of the systematic bits are included in the set of coded bits. Meanwhile, depending on the effective code rate, part of core parity bits or all core parity check bits and extended parity bits are included in RV0. As a result, RV0 has the highest self-decodable ability among all RVs (i.e., RV0 can be self-decodable at highest code rate) . In retransmission, the transmitter may select RV1, RV2 or RV3. Nevertheless, only RV3 is self-decodable, while RV1 and RV2 are not self-decodable at high code rate. The main reason is that, at some code rates, RV1 and RV2 may only consist of parity check bits, resulting in unsuccessfully decoding at the receiver.
[0069] The FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a RV definition for NR LDPC codes. Information bits of each code block (including CRC bits) is encoded by a LDPC mother code, the encoded output bits include systematic bits, core parity bits and extended parity bits. After puncturing some of the information bits (in NR, the number of punctured information bits equals to 2*Zc, where Zc is the lifting size) , the remaining systematic bits and parity bits of mother code output is written into a circular buffer. The rate matching process selects the coded bits from the circular buffer based on a starting point determined based on the RV index and the number of coded bits determined based on the code rate or number of coded bits available to transmit. RV0 usually starts at the beginning, while RV1, RV2 and RV3 starts at some point in the middle as shown in the figure.
[0070] In NR, RVs are defined based on starting point of a circular buffer. The starting point for a specific RV is fixed. However, the incremental redundancy (IR) combining for two transmission with 2 RV (e.g., RV0 and RV2) are usually less than allocate resource in one time at lower code rate, mainly due to the limitation of RV starting point granularity. “One shot” transmission has been recently proposed; in this scheme, HARQ combining performance can be a constraint. As can be seen from the above, it is a limitation to the performance of the IR when the starting position of retransmission RV is fixed.
[0071] To solve this problem, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following technical solutions. Embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0072] As used herein, the terms “a” , “an” and “one” are defined to mean “at least one” , that is, these terms do not exclude a plural number of items, unless stated otherwise.
[0073] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the term "comprise" and other forms thereof such as "comprises" and "comprising" are construed as open and inclusive meanings, i.e., "including, but not limited to" . In the description, the terms such as "one embodiment" , "some embodiments" , "exemplary embodiments" , "example" , "specific example" or "some examples" are intended to indicate that specific features, structures, materials or characteristics related to the embodiment (s) or example (s) are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) or examples (s) . In addition, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be included in any one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable manner.
[0074] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the terms "a / the plurality of" and "multiple" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
[0075] In the description of some embodiments, the terms "coupled" and "connected" and derivatives thereof may be used. For example, the term "connected" may be used in the description of some embodiments to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. For another example, the term "coupled" may be used in the description of some embodiments to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact. However, the term "coupled" may also mean that two or more components are not in direct contact with each other, but still cooperate or interact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the content herein.
[0076] The phrase "A and / or B" includes the following three combinations: only A, only B, and a combination of A and B.
[0077] As used herein, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably in embodiments of this application. "At least one" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " usually indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects. "At least one of the following items (pieces) " or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C, and "at least one of A, B, and C" may also be understood as including A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C. In addition, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in embodiments of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit a sequence, a time sequence, priorities, or imp ortance of the plurality of objects.
[0078] As used herein, the expression “based on” is intended to mean “based at least partly on” , that is, this expression can mean “based solely on” or “based partially on” , and so should not be interpreted in a limited manner. More particularly, the expression “based on” could also be understood as meaning “depending on” , “representative of” , “indicative of” , “associated with” or similar expressions.
[0079] The network architecture as well as the service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present disclosure are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present disclosure. A person of ordinary skill in the art will know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.
[0080] In order to facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present disclosure is described below in detail.
[0081] Referring to FIG. 2, as an illustrative example without limitation, a simplified schematic illustration of a communication system is provided. The communication system 100 includes a radio access network 120. The radio access network 120 may be a next generation (e.g., a future generation or later) radio access network, or a legacy (e.g. 5G, 4G, 3G or 2G) radio access network. One or more communication electronic devices (ED) 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g, 110h, 110i, 110j (generically referred to as 110) may be interconnected to one another or connected to one or more network nodes (170a, 170b, generically referred to as 170) in the radio access network 120. A core network 130 may be a part of the communication system and may be dependent or independent of the radio access technology used in the communication system 100. Also the communication system 100 includes a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the internet 150, and other networks 160.
[0082] FIG. 3 illustrates an example communication system 100. In general, the communication system 100 enables multiple wireless or wired elements to communicate data and other content. The purpose of the communication system 100 may be to provide content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, via broadcast, multicast, groupcast, unicast, etc. The communication system 100 may operate by sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, between its constituent elements. The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system and / or a non-terrestrial communication system. The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications (such as earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc. ) . The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of a terrestrial communication system and a non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in what may be considered a heterogeneous network including multiple layers. Compared to conventional communication networks, the heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks.
[0083] The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered sub-systems of the communication system. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the communication system 100 includes electronic devices (ED) 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d (generically referred to as ED 110) , radio access networks (RANs) 120a, 120b, a non-terrestrial communication network 120c, a core network 130, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. The RANs 120a, 120b include respective base stations (BSs) 170a, 170b, which may be generically referred to as terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a, 170b. The non-terrestrial communication network 120c includes an access node 172, which may be generically referred to as a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
[0084] Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any T-TRP 170a, 170b and NT-TRP 172, the Internet 150, the core network 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination of the preceding. In some examples, ED 110a may communicate an uplink and / or downlink transmission over a terrestrial air interface 190a with T-TRP 170a. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink air interfaces 190b. In some examples, ED 110d may communicate an uplink and / or downlink transmission over a non-terrestrial air interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.
[0085] The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, such as any suitable radio access technology. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , space division multiple access (SDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA, also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDMA, DFT-s-OFDMA) in the air interfaces 190a and 190b. The air interfaces 190a and 190b may utilize other higher dimension signal spaces, which may involve a combination of orthogonal and / or non-orthogonal dimensions.
[0086] The non-terrestrial air interface 190c can enable communication between the ED 110d and one or multiple NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or simply a link. For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs 110 and one or multiple NT-TRPs 172 for multicast transmission.
[0087] The RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the core network 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the core network 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown) , which may or may not be directly served by core network 130, and may or may not employ the same radio access technology as RAN 120a, RAN 120b or both. The core network 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b or EDs 110a 110b, and 110c or both, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and the other networks 160) . In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition thereto) , the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate via wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown) , and to the Internet 150. PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS) . Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as Internet Protocol (IP) , Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) , User Datagram Protocol (UDP) . EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and incorporate multiple transceivers necessary to support such.
[0088] FIG. 4 illustrates another example of an ED 110 and a base station 170a, 170b and / or 170c. The ED 110 is used to connect persons, objects, machines, etc. The ED 110 may be widely used in various scenarios including, for example, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D) , vehicle to everything (V2X) , peer-to-peer (P2P) , machine-to-machine (M2M) , machine-type communications (MTC) , internet of things (IoT) , virtual reality (VR) , augmented reality (AR) , mixed reality (MR) , metaverse, digital twin, industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.
[0089] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to) as a user equipment / device (UE) , a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) , a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA) , a machine type communication (MTC) device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an IoT device, wearable devices (such as a watch, a pair of glasses, head mounted equipment, etc. ) , an industrial device, or an apparatus in (e.g. communication module, modem, or chip) or including the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation EDs 110 may be referred to using other terms. The base station 170a and 170b is a T-TRP and will hereafter be referred to as T-TRP 170. Also shown in FIG. 4, a NT-TRP will hereafter be referred to as NT-TRP 172. Each ED 110 connected to T-TRP 170 and / or NT-TRP 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled) , turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and / or configured in response to one of more of: connection availability and connection necessity.
[0090] The ED 110 includes a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. Only one antenna 204 is illustrated to avoid congestion in the drawing. One, some, or all of the antennas 204 may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated, e.g. as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by at least one antenna 204 or network interface controller (NIC) . The transceiver is also configured to demodulate data or other content received by the at least one antenna 204. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or processing signals received wirelessly or by wire. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals.
[0091] The ED 110 includes at least one memory 208. The memory 208 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the ED 110. For example, the memory 208 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by one or more processing unit (s) (e.g., a processor 210) . Each memory 208 includes any suitable volatile and / or non-volatile storage and retrieval device (s) . Any suitable type of memory may be used, such as random access memory (RAM) , read only memory (ROM) , hard disk, optical disc, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, secure digital (SD) memory card, on-processor cache, and the like.
[0092] The ED 110 may further include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces (such as a wired interface to the Internet 150 in FIG. 2) . The input / output devices or interfaces permit interaction with a user or other devices in the network. Each input / output device or interface includes any suitable structure for providing information to or receiving information from a user, and / or for network interface communications. Suitable structures include, for example, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, etc.
[0093] The ED 110 includes the processor 210 for performing operations including those operations related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission to the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170; those operations related to processing downlink transmissions received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170; and those operations related to processing sidelink transmission to and from another ED 110. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing downlink transmissions may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulatin g and decoding received symbols. Depending upon the embodiment, a downlink transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the downlink transmission (e.g. by detecting and / or decoding the signaling) . An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by the NT-TRP 172 and / or by the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 210 implements the transmit beamforming and / or the receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, e.g. beam angle information (BAI) , received from the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform operations relating to network access (e.g. initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as operations relating to detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, e.g. using a reference signal received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or from the T-TRP 170.
[0094] Although not illustrated, the processor 210 may form part of the transmitter 201 and / or part of the receiver 203. Although not illustrated, the memory 208 may form part of the processor 210.
[0095] The processor 210, the processing components of the transmitter 201, and the processing components of the receiver 203 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g. in the memory 208) . Alternatively, some or all of the processor 210, the processing components of the transmitter 201, and the processing components of the receiver 203 may each be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed field-programmable gate array (FPGA) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or a hardware accelerator such as a graphics processing unit (GPU) or an artificial intelligence (AI) accelerator.
[0096] The T-TRP 170 may be known by other names in some implementations, such as a base station, a base transceiver station (BTS) , a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a Home eNodeB, a next Generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission point (TP) , a site controller, an access point (AP) , a wireless router, a relay station, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, a terrestrial base station, a base band unit (BBU) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , an active antenna unit (AAU) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a positioning node, among other possibilities. The T-TRP 170 may be a macro BS, a pico BS, a relay node, a donor node, or the like, or combinations thereof. The T-TRP 170 may refer to the forgoing devices or refer to apparatus (e.g. a communication module, a modem, or a chip) in the forgoing devices.
[0097] In some embodiments, the parts of the T-TRP 170 may be distributed. For example, some of the modules of the T-TRP 170 may be located remote from the equipment that houses the antennas 256 for the T-TRP 170, and may be coupled to the equipment that houses the antennas 256 over a communication link (not shown) sometimes known as front haul, such as common public radio interface (CPRI) . Therefore, in some embodiments, the term T-TRP 170 may also refer to modules on the network side that perform processing operations, such as determining the location of the ED 110, resource allocation (scheduling) , message generation, and encoding / decoding, and that are not necessarily part of the equipment that houses the antennas 256 of the T-TRP 170. The modules may also be coupled to other T-TRPs. In some embodiments, the T-TRP 170 may actually be a plurality of T-TRPs that are operating together to serve the ED 110, e.g. through the use of coordinated multipoint transmissions.
[0098] The T-TRP 170 includes at least one transmitter 252 and at least one receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only one antenna 256 is illustrated to avoid congestion in the drawing. One, some, or all of the antennas 256 may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated as a transceiver. The T-TRP 170 further includes a processor 260 for performing operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to the NT-TRP 172, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from the NT-TRP 172. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for downlink or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, precoding (e.g. multiple input multiple output (MIMO) precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the uplink or over backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also perform operations relating to network access (e.g. initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) , generating the system information, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 also generates an indication of beam direction, e.g. BAI, which may be scheduled for transmission by a scheduler 253. The processor 260 performs other network-side processing operations described herein, such as determining the location of the ED 110, determining where to deploy the NT-TRP 172, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 may generate signaling, e.g. to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110 and / or one or more parameters of the NT-TRP 172. Any signaling generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. Note that “signaling” , as used herein, may alternatively be called control signaling. Signaling may be transmitted in a physical layer control channel, e.g. a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) , in which case the signaling may be known as dynamic signaling. Signaling transmitted in a downlink physical layer control channel may be known as Downlink Control Information (DCI) . Signaling transmitted in an uplink physical layer control channel may be known as Uplink Control Information (UCI) . Signaling transmitted in a sidelink physical layer control channel may be known as Sidelink Control Information (SCI) . Signaling may be included in a higher-layer (e.g., higher than physical layer) packet transmitted in a physical layer data channel, e.g. in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) , in which case the signaling may be known as higher-layer signaling, static signaling, or semi-static signaling. Higher-layer signaling may also refer to Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol signaling or Media Access Control –Control Element (MAC-CE) signaling.
[0099] The scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260. The scheduler 253 may be included within or operated separately from the T-TRP 170. The scheduler 253 may schedule uplink, downlink, sidelink, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (e.g., “configured grant” ) resources. The T-TRP 170 further includes a memory 258 for storing information and data. The memory 258 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the T-TRP 170. For example, the memory 258 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by the processor 260.
[0100] Although not illustrated, the processor 260 may form part of the transmitter 252 and / or part of the receiver 254. Also, although not illustrated, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253. Although not illustrated, the memory 258 may form part of the processor 260.
[0101] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, e.g. in the memory 258. Alternatively, some or all of the processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed FPGA, a hardware accelerator (e.g., a GPU or AI accelerator) , or an ASIC.
[0102] Although the NT-TRP 172 is illustrated as a drone only as an example, the NT-TRP 172 may be implemented in any suitable non-terrestrial form, such as satellites and high altitude platforms, including international mobile telecommunication base stations and unmanned aerial vehicles, for example. Also, the NT-TRP 172 may be known by other names in some implementations, such as a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, or a non-terrestrial base station. The NT-TRP 172 includes a transmitter 272 and a receiver 274 coupled to one or more antennas 280. Only one antenna 280 is illustrated to avoid congestion in the drawing. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 272 and the receiver 274 may be integrated as a transceiver. The NT-TRP 172 further includes a processor 276 for performing operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to T-TRP 170, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from the T-TRP 170. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for downlink or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, precoding (e.g. MIMO precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the uplink or over backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (e.g. BAI) received from the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 may generate signaling, e.g. to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 implements physical layer processing, but does not implement higher layer functions such as functions at the medium access control (MAC) or radio link control (RLC) layer. As this is only an example, more generally, the NT-TRP 172 may implement higher layer functions in addition to physical layer processing.
[0103] The NT-TRP 172 further includes a memory 278 for storing information and data. Although not illustrated, the processor 276 may form part of the transmitter 272 and / or part of the receiver 274. Although not illustrated, the memory 278 may form part of the processor 276.
[0104] The processor 276, the processing components of the transmitter 272, and the processing components of the receiver 274 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, e.g. in the memory 278. Alternatively, some or all of the processor 276, the processing components of the transmitter 272, and the processing components of the receiver 274 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed FPGA, a hardware accelerator (e.g., a GPU or AI accelerator) , or an ASIC. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 may actually be a plurality of NT-TRPs that are operating together to serve the ED 110, e.g. through coordinated multipoint transmissions.
[0105] The T-TRP 170, the NT-TRP 172, and / or the ED 110 may include other components, but these have been omitted for the sake of clarity.
[0106] One or more steps of the embodiment methods provided herein may be performed by corresponding units or modules, according to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 illustrates units or modules in a device, such as in the ED 110, in the T-TRP 170, or in the NT-TRP 172. For example, a signal may be transmitted or output by a transmitting unit or by a transmitting module. A signal may be received or input by a receiving unit or by a receiving module. A signal may be processed by a processing unit or a processing module. Other steps may be performed by an artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) module. The respective units or modules may be implemented using hardware, one or more components or devices that execute software, or a combination thereof. For instance, one or more of the units or modules may be a circuit such as an integrated circuit. Examples of an integrated circuit includes a programmed FPGA, a GPU, or an ASIC. For instance, one or more of the units or modules may be logical such as a logical function performed by a circuit, by a portion of an integrated circuit, or by software instructions executed by a processor. It will be appreciated that where the modules are implemented using software for execution by a processor for example, the modules may be retrieved by a processor, in whole or part as needed, individually or together for processing, in single or multiple instances, and that the modules themselves may include instructions for further deployment and instantiation.
[0107] While not shown, the transmitting module and the receiving module may be part of, or combined into, a transceiver module. A transceiver module may also be known as an interface module, or simply an interface, for inputting and outputting operations.
[0108] Additional details regarding the EDs 110, the T-TRP 170, and the NT-TRP 172 are known to those of skill in the art. As such, these details are omitted here.
[0109] Interactions and signal flows between various network elements / devices in the above-mentioned communication system will be specifically described below by means of method embodiments. The method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applicable to the communication system and specifically applied to various scenarios mentioned in the communication system.
[0110] In general, aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods of determining a starting position of a newly defined retransmission RV, which may be a flexible position. When the starting position of the newly defined retransmission RV is determined, a rate matching based starting position for retransmission may be determined.
[0111] For ease of the understanding, a first communication device and a second communication device are introduced to illustrate the following method embodiments. The first communication device and the second communication device are included in a communication system. For example, in a downlink or uplink transmission scenario, the first communication device may be a base station (BS) or a network (NW) device and the second communication device may be a user equipment (UE) . In a sidelink transmission, the first communication device may be an UE and the second communication device may be another UE.
[0112] FIG. 6 shows a procedure of initial transmission and retransmission or repetition using the newly defined retransmission RV. It will be noted that the procedure is an example procedure, and steps may be omitted, replaced or added in this procedure. This procedure is described below by taking an example in which the first communication device is a BS or NW device, and the second communication device is a UE.
[0113] In step 610, BS or NW device sends a DCI to schedule an initial transmission or schedule multiple transmission or repetitions of a transport block (TB) . Correspondingly, UE receives the DCI.
[0114] In step 620, BS sends the initial transmission based on traditional RV, which is usually indicated in the DCI. Usually RV0 is used for initial transmission, however, it is possible to use other RVs for initial transmission. Correspondingly, UE receives the initial transmission.
[0115] In step 630, after initial transmission, if the retransmission is feedback based, UE may optionally send a HARQ feedback, indicating ACK or NCK to inform BS whether the decoding is successful. Correspondingly, BS receives the HARQ feedback.
[0116] In step 640, if decoding is not successful, BS may send a DCI to schedule a retransmission of the TB. Correspondingly, UE receives the DCI.
[0117] The retransmission DCI may indicate the UE to use the new retransmission RV. The new retransmission RV does not have a fixed starting point with respect to the LDPC code, and the starting point may be determined based on the rate matching of previous transmission, the code rate or code rates of previous transmissions of the TB, or an indicated code rate in the DCI.
[0118] In step 650, BS may perform retransmission of the TB based on the new retransmission RV.
[0119] In the case of repetition or blind retransmission without waiting for feedback, the retransmission may be done immediately or very soon after the initial transmission without waiting for any HARQ feedback and there may be no retransmission DCI (as the initial DCI may have already scheduled the repetition) .
[0120] FIG. 6 shows a DL transmission process, however, UL transmission or SL transmission can work similarly using the new retransmission RV. In UL, the data transmission is from UE to BS / NW and there may be no ACK / NCK feedback. In SL, the data transmission is from one UE to another UE.
[0121] For ease of the understanding, a first transmission and a second transmission are introduced to illustrate the follow method embodiments.
[0122] FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of a method for data transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 7, the method for data transmissions includes steps 710 to 720.
[0123] In step 710, a first communication device determines a rate matching based starting position for a second transmission based on one of a rate matching based ending position for a first transmission and a code rate (CR) . The second transmission is a transmission of a data block, which is also called a retransmission, and the first transmission includes one or more previous transmissions prior to the second transmission for the same data block.
[0124] It is noted that, the first transmission precedes the second transmission, and the first transmission may be or may not be adjacent to the second transmission, which are both applicable to embodiments of the present disclosure. The previous transmissions of the first transmission may include an initial transmission.
[0125] In step 720, the first communication device transmits or receives the data block based on the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission.
[0126] In this way, the first communication device may determine the rate matching based starting position, which is also called a starting point of a new retransmission RV or a RV starting point, for data transmission. The main proposal for this disclosure is to define a new retransmission RV that does not have a fixed starting point like traditional RVs to maximize the IR performance.
[0127] The manner of the new retransmission RV construction is to have a flexible starting point to maximize the IR performance. The starting point of the RV may depend on the previous transmission (which is included in the first transmission) .
[0128] The method of determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on one of the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission or the CR are described below in detail by way of example. In addition, for ease of description, the embodiments are described below with the first communication device as a base station (BS) and a second communication device as a user equipment (UE) . However, the first communication device and the second communication device may be any other device described above.
[0129] In some embodiments, the CR is indicated by a first indication, and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the CR includes: obtaining an initial position based on a redundancy version (RV) , where the RV may be a RV of the first transmission, a RV of an initial transmission or a RV indicated by an indication carried in a same signaling as the first indication or in at least one of RRC, MAC-CE or DCI; determining a number of coded bits based on the CR; and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the initial position and the number of coded bits.
[0130] In some examples, the first indication may be carried in at least one of RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI.
[0131] For example, the BS may transmit the first indication to the second communication device. After receiving the first indication, the UE may obtain the CR by the first indication and calculate a number of coded bits of the first transmission based on the CR. The UE may determine an initial position based on the RV. According to the initial position and the number of coded bits of the first transmission, the UE may determine a rate matching based ending position for the first transmission. According to the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, the UE may determine the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission. This calculation method may be simple and may minimize the waste of computing resources.
[0132] In some embodiments, the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission follows the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0133] The above method shows that the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is after the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, which may effectively prevent certain bits that have been successfully transmitted from being transmitted repeatedly or certain bits that have not been transmitted from being missed during data transmission, thereby increasing the efficiency of communication.
[0134] In some examples, the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is a first bit after the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission; or the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is located after the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, and there is a fixed number of bits (for example, the interval may be 2 bits, 3 bits, etc. ) between the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission and the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0135] When the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission depends on rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is a first bit after the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission; or the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is located a fixed number of bits after the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0136] In this case, as the starting point of the second transmission is flexible, this approach offers different ways to determine the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission.
[0137] FIG. 8 shows an example of the method, i.e., the starting point of the retransmission RV follows the ending point of the rate matching of previous transmission, for example, as the first bit in the circular buffer after the ending point of the previous transmission or in general a fixed gap after the ending point of previous transmission.
[0138] In the circular buffer as shown in FIG. 8, an initial transmission starts at the beginning of a circular buffer, which may be regarded as a ring structure. A starting point of a first retransmission RV follows an ending point of rate matching of the initial transmission. The starting point of the first retransmission RV is a first bit in the circular buffer after the ending point of the initial transmission or in general a fixed gap after the ending point of the initial transmission. Likewise, a starting point of a second retransmission RV follows an ending point of rate matching of the first retransmission. As an ending point of rate matching of the second retransmission arrives over the end of the circular buffer, which may also be regarded as the beginning of the circular buffer, a starting point of a third retransmission RV may also follow the ending point of rate matching of the second retransmission.
[0139] In some embodiments, the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission is indicated by a second indication. In some examples, the second indication may be carried in at least one of RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI. Alternatively, the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission is determined based on: one of a redundancy version (RV) of the first transmission or a RV of an initial transmission; and one of the number of coded bits of a code block or a CR of the first transmission.
[0140] When determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, one method may be that the second indication directly indicates the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission. Another method may be to obtain the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission based on the RV of the first transmission (when the RV of the first transmission is unknown, the default may be to use the RV of the initial transmission) , in combination with one of the number of coded bits of a code block or a CR of the first transmission.
[0141] As can be seen from the above, these two methods may provide flexible options for determining the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0142] In this case, when the RV starting point is based on actual rate matching ending point of previous transmission, the advantage is that it has best (incremental redundancy) IR performance, no additional indication of RV for this retransmission. In order to base the RV starting point on the actual rate matching ending point, however, the communication device (i.e., the UE) should be able to identify previous transmissions of the transport block (TB) and relevant parameters of the previous transmissions. UE procedures may also entail more processing to find an exact ending point of the rate matching process of the previous transmission.
[0143] Some embodiments of the present disclosure include procedures for identifying and / or processing information to determine the RV starting point. As can be seen from these schemes described above, there may be three ways to determine the new retransmission RV starting point: based on ending point of rate matching from previous transmission; based on code rate of previous transmission or combined code rate of previous transmissions; or based on an indicated code rate. Thus, the starting point of the new retransmission RV may depend on one or more of the following factors: rate matching of previous transmission, the code rate or code rates of previous transmissions of the TB, or an indicated code rate in the DCI.
[0144] In some examples, the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission is determined based on a rate matching based starting position for the first transmission and one of the CR or the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission, and the starting position of the first transmission is obtained based on the RV of the first transmission or the RV of the initial transmission.
[0145] In this case, the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is determined based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission is determined based on the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission and one of the CR or the number of coded bits of the code block.
[0146] The advantage of this method may be that the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission may be calculated accurately based on the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission, so that the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission may be determined accurately.
[0147] For example, determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, includes: obtaining a rate matching based starting position for the first transmission based on the RV of the first transmission or the RV of the initial transmission; determining the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission based on the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission and one of the CR or the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission; and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0148] This method describes the step of calculating the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission in detail. When the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission is obtained, the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission may be obtained by calculating the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission based on one of the number of coded bits of the code block or the CR of the first transmission. This method may give a different approach to the calculation of the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission.
[0149] In this case, for example, the one or more previous transmissions included in the first transmission include a previous transmission, the CR of the first transmission includes a CR of the previous transmission, the RV of the first transmission includes a RV of the previous transmission, the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission includes a number of coded bits of a code block of the previous transmission, and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, includes: obtaining a rate matching based starting position for the previous transmission based on the RV of the previous transmission or the RV of the initial transmission; determining a number of coded bits of the code block of the previous transmission based on the number of information bits of the code block and the CR of the previous transmission; determining an rate matching based ending position for the previous transmission based on the rate matching based starting position for the previous transmission and the number of coded bits of the code block of the previous transmission; and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the previous transmission.
[0150] In this case, the starting point of the RV may not be based on the exact ending point of the previous transmission, but rather based on an estimated ending point based on the RV and code rate of previous transmission. This is because the indicated code rate is only a target code rate, the actual number of coded bits for each code block used for transmission may be slightly different from the number calculated based on the code rate. However, in some scenarios, the exact ending point for previous transmission may be more complicated to get. In this scenario, the starting point of the new retransmission RV may be obtained based on the estimated ending point calculated using the RV and code rate of previous transmission.
[0151] That is, when the first transmission is a previous transmission of the second transmission for the same data block, the rate matching based starting position for the previous transmission is the rate matching based starting position for the first transmission.
[0152] For example, a UE may obtain a rate matching based starting position for the first transmission, and the UE may calculate the number of coded bits of the previous transmission based on the CR and a number of information bits of the code block of the previous transmission, thereby obtaining the rate matching based ending position for the previous transmission.
[0153] By analogy, the UE may calculate the rate matching based ending position for previous transmissions continuously based on the rate matching based starting position for the previous transmissions, thus determining the rate matching based starting position for the current new retransmission (which is also called the second transmission) . This approach transforms the repetition problem into a single problem of repeated operations, providing an intuitive method for calculating.
[0154] In this method, the calculation of the number of the coded bits of the first transmission may be as follows. For example, the number of coded bits of a code block for previous transmission can be estimated based on information CB length (alength of information bits of the code block) / code rate, where the information CB length is the information code block length (i.e., the number of information bits of the CB) including CRC and code rate is the target CR for previous transmission of the TB.The starting point of the rate matching of previous transmission is obtained from the RV indicated for previous transmission. If the RV indicated for previous transmission is unknown, the RV used to calculate the starting point can be defaulted at RV0. Then the estimated ending point of previous transmission is estimated based on the starting point and the estimated number of coded bits transmitted for the code block. Then the starting point of the retransmission RV can be the first bit in the circular buffer after the estimated ending point of previous transmission.
[0155] Furthermore, a more detailed example of determining the starting point of the new retransmission RV is given. LDPC codes may be used as an example to describe the RV generation, however, some embodiments of the disclosure may work for other LDPC codes, or other codes, such as polar codes, turbo codes, in a similar way.
[0156] As described above, NR LDPC codes use a QC structure, and belong to a family of QC-LDPC codes. The graph representation of the QC-LDPC codes is generated by QC lifting a base graph (BG) with an expansion factor Zc, where Zc is called the lifting size. In NR LDPC codes, after code block segmentation, the bit sequence input of a given code block (CB) is denoted by c0, c1, c2, …, cK-1, where K is the number of bits for the CB before encoding and is a positive integer. For LDPC base graph 1 (BG1) , K=22Zc and for LDPC base graph 2 (BG2) , K=10Zc.
[0157] As the actual number of information bits for each code block may not always be equal to K, given the limited possible value of Zc and K, sometimes filler bits are added before encoding. Therefore, among such K bits, c0, c1, c2, …, cK′-1 are the actual information bits, where K′ (K′≤K) denotes the number of information or systematic bits. The bits cK′, cK′+1, cK′+2 , …, cK-1 denote the filler bits, which are typically assigned as <NULL> in the bit selection of rate matching and are assigned a 0 value in decoding. The number of filler bits is denoted as Kf=K-K′. In many scenarios, K′=K, and there is no filler bit; in other words, Kf=0.
[0158] After encoding with the LDPC mother code, for LDPC base graph 1 (BG1) , the number of output coded bits of mother codeword N may satisfy: N=66Zc, and for LDPC BG2, the number of output coded bits of mother codeword N may satisfy: N=50Zc, where Zc is the lifting size. Therefore, the code rate for the LDPC mother code may be 1 / 3 for BG1 and 1 / 5 for BG2. The bit sequence after encoding (denoted as ) is written into a circular buffer of length Ncb. Ncb is usually equal to N in normal rate matching scenario, but may be lower than N for low buffer rate matching (LBRM) scenario.
[0159] For NR LDPC codes, the redundancy version number for this transmission is denoted by rvid, where rvid=0, 1, 2, 3; the rate matching output bit sequence, denoted by ek, is generated as follows, where k=0, 1, 2, …, E-1, and E is the number of coded bits to be transmitted for the code block; and the starting position of redundancy version, denoted by k0, is given by Table-1 according to the value of rvid and LDPC BG:
[0160] The above process is the bit selection process for the rate matching, i.e., selecting bits from the circular buffer (bit sequence ) with the staring position at k0 and number of coded bits equal to E. Note that for filler bits in the circular buffer that are assigned as <NULL>, the bit selection process skips them when selecting bits from the circular buffer.
[0161] Table-1: Starting position of different redundancy versions, k0
[0162] For the new retransmission RV, in some embodiments, the starting position of the RV may be defined based on the ending position of coded bits in the circular buffer in a previous RV, e.g., starting at the first bit after the ending position of coded bits in the circular buffer of the previous RV. Therefore, the starting position of the new RV may depend on the starting position of the previous RV and a number of coded bits transmitted for the previous transmission. Optionally, the starting position may also depend on a number of filler bits for encoding.
[0163] Let E0 be the number of coded bits transmitted for previous transmission of the same CB, then the starting position of the new retransmission RV k1p may be given by k1p=Mod (M, Ncb) , where M is given by: k0p+E0, (1) k0p+E0+Kf, or (3)
[0164] Where k0p is the starting position of the RV in a circular buffer of a previous transmission, which in some scenarios is defaulted to 0, and Kf is the number of filler bits in the encoder input. Mod (, ) is the modular function, which simply indicates the circular buffer selection where after Ncb bits, the bit selections go back to the beginning of the circular buffer. For simplicity, this modular operation is not further explained for the four equations.
[0165] Eq. (1) describes that the starting position of new retransmission RV is obtained as the starting position k0p of a previous transmission, plus the number of coded bits E0 for the same CB in the previous transmission in the circular buffer. This may be considered equivalent to the first bit after the ending position of the previous transmission. Eq. (1) is applicable to the scenario where there is no filler bit, or where the procedure does not consider the filler bits. In Eq. (2) , is the floor function. Eq. (2) finds the closest integer that is not larger than the value in Eq. (1) , with a requirement that the starting position should be an integer multiple of Zc (i.e., the addition of Zc is for the scenario where the starting position may be constrained to an integer multiple of Zc) . This may be for the benefits of better parallel processing and decoding complexity. Eq. (3) adds Kf to Eq. (1) because the bit selection process skipped the filler bits in the rate matching output bit sequence, and assuming Kf filler bits are skipped during the bit selection process, additional Kf bits are added when selecting bits after skipping. Eq. (4) is an approximation of Eq. (3) with a constraint that the starting position is an integer multiple of Zc for a similar reason as Eq. (2) . Note that Eq. (3) and Eq. (4) assume that the bit selection process of a previous transmission skipped all the Kf filler bits, and in the scenario where not all filler bits are encountered in the bit selection process of previous transmission, Kf may be replaced by the actual number of filler bits skipped during the bit selection process of the previous transmission.
[0166] The starting position of the new retransmission RV may be also determined based on a code rate (CR) , where the CR may be the actual code rate of a previous transmission of the same CB, the target code rate of a previous transmission of the same CB, or an indicated code rate for calculating the starting point of the RV for the current transmission. In some scenarios, the number of coded bits of the CB for the previous transmission E0 may be estimated using the code rate of the previous transmission or an indicated code rate CR. Therefore, E0 may be replaced by K / CR or K′ / CR in the above Eqs. (1) , (2) , (3) and (4) .
[0167] FIG. 9 shows an example of such RV indication and construction for DCI scheduled retransmission. In the first transmission, the code rate is 1 / 2. The LDPC codes use base graph 1 (BG1) , as shown in Table-1, with a mother code rate of 1 / 3, which may be a code rate of an encoder to produce all the coded bits used for the circular buffer instead of a code rate of the first transmission The encoder which is used for coding LDPC codes may be included in the UE. In the first scenario, starting point of the retransmission RV follows the ending point of the rate matching of previous transmission.
[0168] For example, the starting point of the RV is used as the first bit in the circular buffer after the ending point of the previous transmission. In this case, the previous transmission of the TB needs to be identified. The previous transmission of the TB may be identified as the previous DCI indication of a transmission with the same HARQ process ID as the current retransmission.
[0169] In some other scenarios, the code rate and optionally RV used to determine the starting point of new retransmission RV may be indicated. The indicated CR and optionally RV can be the CR and RV of previous transmission, as in the example (FIG. 9) , the DCI for scheduling 1st retransmission indicates a RV0 and code rate 1 / 2, which is the RV and code rate for previous transmission (1st transmission) . The indicated CR and optionally RV can also be simply indicated as the value for the determination of the starting point of retransmission.
[0170] For another example, the one or more previous transmissions include a plurality of previous transmissions, the CR of the first transmission includes a combined CR of the plurality of previous transmissions, the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission includes a number of coded bits of a code block of the plurality of previous transmissions, and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the first transmission, includes: obtaining a rate matching based starting position for the plurality of previous transmissions based on the RV of the initial transmission; determining a number of coded bits of the code block of the plurality of previous transmissions based on the number of information bits of the code block and the combined CR of the plurality of previous transmissions; determining an rate matching based ending position for the plurality of previous transmissions based on the rate matching based starting position for the plurality of previous transmissions and the number of the coded bits of the code block of the plurality of previous transmissions; and determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching based ending position for the plurality of previous transmissions.
[0171] In this scenario, the first transmission includes a plurality of previous transmissions prior to the second transmission, and the plurality of previous transmissions may be considered as an equivalent transmission.
[0172] For example, the UE may obtain the rate matching based starting position for the initial transmission. The UE may calculate a number of coded bits of the equivalent transmission based on the combined CR and the number of information bits of the code block of the equivalent transmission, and may further determine the rate matching based ending position for the plurality of previous transmissions.
[0173] Referring again to FIG. 8, this method allows different transmissions when combined to have an equivalent performance of a single transmission with code rate being the two transmissions combined. In this case, the number of coded bits of the plurality of previous transmissions may be calculated directly based on the combined CR and the number of information bits of the code block of the plurality of previous transmissions, thereby providing a calculation method with high operational efficiency and avoiding waste of computational resources.
[0174] When the RV starting point is determined based on combined CR of previous transmission (and optionally RV) . The combined code rate (CR) can be obtained if the UE can identify all previous transmissions. The indication of the RV can be self-contained, i.e., not relying on knowledge of previous transmission if the combined CR can also be indicated in the DCI for retransmission. The advantage is that self-contained RV indication does not rely on knowledge of previous transmission, which benefits from avoiding ambiguity. Retransmission RV based on combined CR also does not need to identify an exact ending location of a previous transmission. The combined CR method can, however, be less precise because the indicated CR is a target CR, rather than an exact location of the ending point of the previous transmission.
[0175] In some scenarios, rather than indicating the CR and, optionally, the RV of the previous transmission, the signaling may indicate the combined CR of all previous transmissions and, optionally, an RV indication or index. For example, as shown in FIG . 9, in the 2nd retransmission of the TB, the DCI indicates a CR=2 / 3, which is the combined code rate of the previous two transmissions, and optionally includes an indicator for RV0, which is used to calculate the starting point of the previous transmissions. The new retransmission RV for this 3rd transmission can then be determined based on the ending point of a previous transmission, where the ending point is determined based a starting point based on the indicated RV0 (or simply based on a default of RV0) . Then, the number of coded bits for the code block is estimated based on the combined code rate (e.g., based on information CB length / combined code rate) . In DCI scheduled retransmission, the new retransmission RV can be used.
[0176] In some embodiments, the first indication is included in a control signal, and the control signal further includes a third indication. The third indication may include a retransmission indication and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index for indicating the CR of the first transmission.
[0177] As can be seen from the above, both the first indication and the third indication are contained in a control signal, and the third indication further includes a retransmission indication and a MCS index for indicating the CR of the first transmission.
[0178] The first indication and the third indication may be carried in a DCI, and the parameters carried in the DCI exist in some fields of the DCI. For example, the MCS index carried in the third indication may exist in the MCS field in the DCI. The method may allow the use of control signal to convey as much information as possible while conserving signaling overhead resources.
[0179] In some embodiments, the MCS index is further used for indicating a modulation order of the second transmission.
[0180] In this way, a single MCS index (which may exist in a MCS field in a DCI) may indicate both the CR of the first transmission and a modulation order of the second transmission. The advantage of this method is that the existing MCS index table may be used directly without creating a new MCS index table for retransmission, which may avoid additional complexity and / or additional signaling overhead resources.
[0181] In some scenarios, separately indicating an RV and code rate to calculate the starting point may cause additional signaling overhead in DCI. The following provides a method to re-use some existing DCI field to indicate that RV and code rate while mitigating additional overhead.
[0182] Traditionally, the MCS table may have some regular entries (0-28 in the example) and some reserved entries (29-31 in the example) where a reserved entry only indicates the modulation order. Traditionally, to indicate the retransmission, MCS is usually indicated in the reserved area where only modulation order is indicated. This is because for retransmission, the transport block (TB) size (TBS) is determined based on previous transmission of the TB. Then the code rate can be determined based on the actual resources scheduled and the TBS, and there is no need to indicate the code rate.
[0183] With the new retransmission RV scheme, the MCS can still be indicated in the regular MCS entries, albeit with new meanings or interpretations. First, whether this is retransmission is identified through new data indicator (NDI) field in DCI same as traditionally. The modulation scheme of that MCS entry may indicate the modulation scheme used for this retransmission, while the code rate indicated from this MCS entry and RV indicated for this transmission may be the code rate (CR) and RV used for previous transmission or the combined CR for all previous transmissions and RV used for initial transmission. Then, based on the same method described before, with the RV used to determine the starting point of a previous transmission, the code rate or combined code rate used to determine the number of coded bits for each CB used for a previous transmission, the two determines the ending point of a previous transmission. Then the starting point of the new retransmission RV is determined as the first bit follows the determined ending point.
[0184] For example, the BS transmits the third indication which is carried on the control signal to the UE. In some examples, the control signal is carried in at least one of RRC, MAC-CE or DCI. The third indication includes a retransmission indication and a MCS index for indicating the CR of the first transmission.
[0185] After receiving the third indication, the UE may transmit a feedback of acknowledgement (i.e., ACK) to the BS. The UE may read the third indication in the control signal and confirm that the current transmission is a retransmission and the MCS index is 16. The UE may query a memory for the MCS index table, as shown in FIG. 10, and obtain the MCS parameters that the CR is 0.643 (this value is obtained referring to the formula R=K / N, where K is equal to 658 here and N defaults to 1024) and the modulation order is 4. However, the CR refers to the CR of the first transmission, which is used to calculate a number of coded bits of the first transmission. The modulation order of 4 is the modulation order of the current new transmission (i.e., the second transmission) .
[0186] In some embodiments, the control signal further includes a fourth indication for indicating that the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is a fixed starting position or a starting position depending on rate matching results of the first transmission.
[0187] In some examples, the control signal which includes the fourth indication may be carried in at least one of RRC, MAC-CE or DCI. The control signal further includes a fourth indication indicating that the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is a fixed starting position, or a starting position depending on rate matching results of the first transmission (which means that the starting position may be a flexible starting position) . This approach may provide a simple way of indicating the determination of the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission and facilitate the flexible selection of the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission.
[0188] In some embodiments, the fourth indication includes a redundancy version (RV) for the second transmission or a 1-bit indication.
[0189] In some examples, the fourth indication may be carried in at least one of RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI.
[0190] In a scenario, the fourth indication includes a RV for the second transmission, it refers to the case where there may be a new RV to indicate the flexibility of the rate matching based starting position for a second transmission. This RV may indicate whether the rate matching based starting position for a second transmission is flexible, providing an option for determining the rate matching based starting position for a second transmission.
[0191] In another scenario, the fourth indication includes a 1-bit indication indicating the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission is a fixed starting position or a starting position depending on rate matching results of the first transmission.
[0192] For example, the DCI or RRC signaling may indicate or configure (e.g., with 1 bit) for the use of the new retransmission RV. That is, retransmission RV may be used if this is indicated as true and traditional RV is used if this bit is not true.
[0193] In some scenarios, the new RV may be defaulted use of retransmissions. In some scenarios, indication of the new retransmission can be part of RV indication (e.g. a new index or replace a current RV index) or separate indication.
[0194] In some embodiments, the control signal is carried in at least one of radio resource control (RRC) signaling, medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) signaling or downlink control information (DCI) signaling.
[0195] The control signal may be carried in any of the above signals. For example, the new RV can be configured for DCI scheduled retransmission. The DCI signaling may include: (optional) 1 bit to indicate new RV; using combined CR from previous transmission to determine starting point; and re-using current MCS table in DCI format to help with RV starting point. This method may make communication between different communication devices (i.e., the communication between the BS and the UE) more convenient and reduce the cost of communication and the better performance may be achieved without extra overhead on signaling.
[0196] In some embodiments, determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission includes: determining the rate matching based starting position for the second transmission without waiting for feedback or DCI scheduling grant.
[0197] For example, another application of the new retransmission is used for repetitions or rateless code where the retransmission is performed without waiting for feedback or DCI scheduling grant. For example, when the new retransmission RV is used for rateless codes or repetition, the UE may use the repetition scheme with following repetition using new retransmission RV, and this scheme may be equivalent to send multiple grant for each repetition with new retransmission RV and previous combined CR.
[0198] In current repetition scheme, each repetition is considered as a separate grant, and each has its own RV (based on indicated or predefined RV sequence) . Repetition can be slot or mini-slot based.
[0199] With the new retransmission RV scheme, TBS may be determined based on initial Tx, and there is no need for RV sequence indication, as RV only indicated for the 1st Tx (which is also called the initial transmission) , and the rate matching based starting point of the remaining transmission is based on new retransmission RV. As with previous descriptions, the starting point of the retransmission RV may be based on actual ending point of rate matching of a previous transmission. Since the previous transmission information is indicated in the same DCI, UE should be aware of the code rate and RV used for the initial transmission or all previous transmissions.
[0200] Alternatively, RV starting point can be derived based on RV of initial transmission and combined code rate of previous transmission as described before. Where the RV of initial transmission is used to determine the starting point of previous transmissions, the combined code rate is used to determine the number of coded bits for previous transmissions and together they determine the ending point of previous transmissions. And the starting point is the first bit follows the ending point of previous transmissions.
[0201] In some scenarios, the repetition and rateless coding scheme for retransmission is equivalent of sending a virtual grant to the UE for each retransmission, as shown in FIG. 11, the virtual grant may include the RV of initial transmission and combined code rate of previous transmission as with the actual DCI grant for DCI scheduled retransmissions. The virtual grant may be a configured grant send in e.g., a MAC layer function without physically send it. UE can determine the starting point of the new retransmission RV based on the information in the virtual grant without needs of the knowledge of physical transmission process (e.g., rate matching) of previous transmissions.
[0202] The present disclosure encompasses various embodiments, including not only method embodiments, but also other embodiments such as apparatus embodiments and embodiments related to non-transitory computer readable storage media. Embodiments may incorporate, individually or in combinations, the features disclosed herein.
[0203] In some embodiments, there is provided a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus 1200, as shown in FIG. 12, includes a memory 1201 and one or more processors 1202. The memory 1201 is configured to store computer instructions. The one or more processors 1202 are configured to execute the computer instructions to cause the communication apparatus 1200 to perform any of the methods described above.
[0204] In some embodiments, the communication apparatus may further include an interface circuit 1203, and the one or more processors 1202 are configured to communicate with another apparatus or component through the interface circuit.
[0205] In some embodiments, there is provided another communication apparatus to perform any of the methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The communication apparatus may include corresponding modules or units configured to implement methods and / or embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 13, the communication apparatus 1300 includes a transmitting unit 1301, a receiving unit 1302 and a processing unit 1303. In some examples, the communication apparatus 1300 may further include a storage unit 1304 configured to store apparatus program code (or instructions) and / or data.
[0206] For the function and realization of the transmitting unit 1301, the receiving unit 1302, the processing unit 1303 and the storage unit 1304, reference may be made to the description of the relevant units or modules described above, which will not be repeated here.
[0207] In some embodiments, there is provided a communication system 1400, as shown in FIG. 14, which includes the first communication device 1401 and the second communication device 1402. The communication system 1400 is configured to perform any of the methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be understood that the first communication device 1401 and the second communication device 1402 may be any of electronic devices or apparatuses described above.
[0208] In some embodiments, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium) having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0209] The computer-readable storage may be contained in the apparatus described in the above embodiments. It may also be on its own and not assembled into the device.
[0210] In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, for example including, but is not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, portable compact disk read-only memory, optical storage, magnetic storage, or any suitable combination of the above.
[0211] In some embodiments, there is provided a computer program that, when executed by a computing device, causes the computing device to perform any of the methods described above.
[0212] In some embodiments, there is provided a computer program product storing instructions (e.g., in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium) which, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method of the present disclosure.
[0213] Although this disclosure refers to illustrative embodiments, this is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications and combinations of the illustrative embodiments, as well as other embodiments of the disclosure, will be apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description.
[0214] Features disclosed herein in the context of any particular embodiments may also or instead be implemented in other embodiments. Method embodiments, for example, may also or instead be implemented in apparatus, system, and / or computer program product embodiments. In addition, although embodiments are described primarily in the context of methods and apparatus, other implementations are also contemplated, as instructions stored on one or more non-transitory computer-readable media, for example. Such media could store programming or instructions to perform any of various methods consistent with the present disclosure.
[0215] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process shall be determined by its function and internal logic, and shall not constitute any limitation on the implementation of the embodiments of the present application.
[0216] The foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementations of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements that a person skilled in the art could readily conceive of within the technical scope of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims. Numerous details are described herein to provide a thorough understanding of the example embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, some embodiments may be practiced without many of the specific details, and the scope of the claims is only limited by those features and aspects specifically recited in the claims. Furthermore, well-known processes, components, and materials have not necessarily been described in exhaustive detail so as to avoid obscuring pertinent aspects of the embodiments described herein.
[0217] The following acronyms and abbreviations may be used in the present disclosure:
Claims
1.A data transmission method, comprising:determining a rate matching-based starting position for a second transmission based on at least one of a rate matching-based ending position for a first transmission or a code rate (CR) , wherein the second transmission is a transmission of a data block, and the first transmission comprises one or more previous transmissions of the data block; andtransmitting or receiving the data block based on the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the CR is indicated by a first indication, and determining the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission based on the CR comprises:obtaining an initial position based on a redundancy version (RV) ;determining a number of coded bits based on the CR; anddetermining the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission based on the initial position and the number of coded bits.3.The method of claim 1, wherein:the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission is indicated by a second indication, orthe rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission is determined based on one of:a redundancy version (RV) of the first transmission or an RV of an initial transmission; ora number of coded bits of a code block or a CR of the first transmission.4.The method of claim 3, wherein the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission is determined based on a rate matching-based starting position for the first transmission and one of the CR or the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission, and the starting position of the first transmission is obtained based on the RV of the first transmission or the RV of the initial transmission.5.The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein determining the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission, comprises:obtaining a rate matching-based starting position for the first transmission based on the RV of the first transmission or the RV of the initial transmission;determining the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission based on the rate matching-based starting position for the first transmission and one of the CR or the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission; anddetermining the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission.6.The method of claim 5, wherein the one or more previous transmissions comprise a previous transmission, the CR of the first transmission comprises a CR of the previous transmission, the RV of the first transmission comprises a RV of the previous transmission, the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission comprises a number of coded bits of a code block of the previous transmission, and determining the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission, comprises:obtaining a rate matching-based starting position for the previous transmission based on the RV of the previous transmission or the RV of the initial transmission;determining a number of coded bits of the code block of the previous transmission based on a number of information bits of the code block and the CR of the previous transmission;determining an rate matching-based ending position for the previous transmission based on the rate matching-based starting position for the previous transmission and the number of coded bits of the code block of the previous transmission; anddetermining the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching-based ending position for the previous transmission.7.The method of claim 5, wherein the one or more previous transmissions comprise a plurality of previous transmissions, the CR of the first transmission comprises a combined CR of the plurality of previous transmissions, the number of coded bits of the code block of the first transmission comprises a number of coded bits of a code block of the plurality of previous transmissions, and determining the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission, comprises:obtaining a rate matching-based starting position for the plurality of previous transmissions based on the RV of the initial transmission;determining a number of coded bits of the code block of the plurality of previous transmissions based on a number of information bits of the code block and the combined CR of the plurality of previous transmissions;determining an rate matching-based ending position for the plurality of previous transmissions based on the rate matching-based starting position for the plurality of previous transmissions and the number of the coded bits of the code block of the plurality of previous transmissions; anddetermining the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission based on the rate matching-based ending position for the plurality of previous transmissions.8.The method of claim 2, wherein the first indication is comprised in a control signal, the control signal further comprising a third indication; andthe third indication comprises a retransmission indication and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index for indicating the CR of the first transmission.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the MCS index is further used for indicating a modulation order of the second transmission.10.The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the control signal further comprises a fourth indication for indicating that the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission is a fixed starting position or a starting position depending on rate matching results of the first transmission.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the fourth indication comprises an RV for the second transmission or a 1-bit indication.12.The method of any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the control signal is carried in at least one of radio resource control (RRC) signaling, medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) signaling, or downlink control information (DCI) signaling.13.The method of any of claims 2 to 12, wherein the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission follows the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission.14.The method of claim 13, wherein the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission is a first bit after the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission; orthe rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission is located after the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission, and there is a fixed number of bits between the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission and the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission.15.The method of any of claims 1 to 14, wherein determining the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission comprises:determining the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission without waiting for feedback or a DCI scheduling grant.16.An apparatus comprising a processor configured to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 15.17.A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 15.18.A communication system comprising:a first device configured to determine a rate matching-based starting position for a second transmission based on at least one of a rate matching-based ending position for a first transmission or a code rate (CR) , wherein the second transmission is a transmission of a data block, and the first transmission comprises one or more previous transmissions of the data block, and configured to transmit the data block based on the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission; anda second device configured to determine the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission based on the at least one of the rate matching-based ending position for the first transmission or the CR, and configured to receive the data block based on the rate matching-based starting position for the second transmission.
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