Battery module thermal runaway test tool and device

Abstract

A battery module thermal runaway test tool (100) and device (1000). The battery module thermal runaway test tool (100) comprises: a housing (110), which comprises a case body (111) and a case cover (112) that are detachably connected to each other, the case body (111) and the case cover (112) defining an accommodating cavity (110a) used for accommodating a battery module (10), and an inner wall of the case body (111) being provided with cooling liquid recesses (111a), and a liquid inlet (111b) and a liquid outlet (111c) that lead to the cooling liquid recesses (111a); a pressing plate assembly (120), which is used for fixing the battery module (10), located in the accommodating cavity (110a) and detachably connected to the case body (111), the pressing plate assembly (120) being provided with a hoisting part (121); and an explosion-proof valve (130), which is mounted on the housing (110). The battery module thermal runaway test tool can reflect real situations of battery modules installed in battery pack housings, achieving more reasonable, scientific and authentic test results and smaller test errors.

Description

Battery module thermal runaway test tool and device Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of test devices, and in particular relates to a battery module thermal runaway test fixture and device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous depletion of natural energy and the resulting environmental problems, pure electric vehicles have garnered widespread attention and rapid development in recent years. As an indispensable means of transportation, pure electric vehicles are powered by power batteries, of which liquid electrolyte lithium-ion batteries are the current mainstream. To meet the demand for long-range electric vehicle driving, lithium-ion batteries are developing towards higher specific energy. Solid-state lithium-ion batteries are a new development direction and are considered the next generation of power batteries, offering advantages such as high energy density, excellent cycle performance, and superior safety.

[0003] Despite this, safety issues are still an issue that must be considered during the battery design process, and safety testing is an indispensable link. The main safety issues at present are battery thermal runaway and fire and explosion caused by the spread of thermal runaway.

[0004] The current thermal runaway test directly exposes the battery module to a laboratory environment for testing. It cannot simulate the situation of the module inside the battery pack shell, deviates from the actual situation, and the test results have large errors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application aims to at least partially address the technical problem of large errors in test results of thermal runaway tests in related technologies. To this end, the present application provides a battery module thermal runaway test fixture and apparatus.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module thermal runaway test fixture, comprising:

[0007] The housing comprises a detachably connected box body and a box cover, wherein the box body and the box cover together form a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery module, and the inner wall of the box body is provided with a cooling liquid tank and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet connected to the cooling liquid tank;

[0008] A pressure plate assembly, used to fix the battery module, is located in the accommodating cavity and is detachably connected to the box body, and the pressure plate assembly has a lifting portion;

[0009] An explosion-proof valve is installed on the housing.

[0010] In some embodiments, the pressure plate assembly includes a pressure plate, and the pressure plate and the bottom plate of the box are connected by a plurality of fasteners.

[0011] In some embodiments, the pressing plate is annular, and the cooling liquid groove is located inside the pressing plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the pressure plate, the bottom plate of the box, and the battery module are all tightly connected.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pressure plate assembly further includes a plurality of connection seats connected to the pressure plate, wherein the plurality of connection seats are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure plate, and the connection seats are used to fix the battery module.

[0014] In some embodiments, the lifting portion is a lifting ear, a positioning slot is provided on the box body, the lifting ear is installed on the pressure plate and passes through the pressure plate, and is partially located in the positioning slot.

[0015] In some embodiments, a wire passing groove and a third sealing ring installation groove are provided on the mating surface between the box body and the box cover, and a third sealing ring is provided on the mating surface between the box cover and the box body. The third sealing ring is located in the wire passing groove and the installation groove, sealingly connecting the box body and the box cover.

[0016] In some embodiments, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are opened on the bottom plate and face the box cover, and are respectively located on both sides of the length direction of the cooling liquid tank; the pressure plate is provided with a liquid blocking portion, which is located on the side of the liquid inlet facing the box cover, and the projection of the liquid inlet toward the liquid blocking portion is located on the liquid blocking portion.

[0017] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the box body is provided with a plurality of deflection ribs, the deflection ribs are located in the cooling liquid tank, and the deflection ribs are provided with flow holes.

[0018] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a thermal runaway test device, comprising:

[0019] Explosion-proof box with mounting cavity;

[0020] The battery module thermal runaway test fixture described in the first aspect above, wherein the battery module thermal runaway test fixture is located in the installation cavity;

[0021] A fire extinguishing device and an exhaust device, both of which are installed in the explosion-proof box;

[0022] The data acquisition device is used to collect the test data required for the thermal runaway test.

[0023] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The battery module thermal runaway test fixture of the present application includes an outer shell, a pressure plate assembly and an explosion-proof valve. The outer shell includes a box body and a box cover. The box body and the box cover together form a accommodating cavity for accommodating the battery module. The inner wall of the box body is provided with a cooling liquid tank and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet connected to the cooling liquid tank; the pressure plate assembly is used to fix the battery module, is located in the accommodating cavity and is detachably connected to the box body, and a lifting part is provided on the pressure plate assembly; the explosion-proof valve is installed on the outer shell.

[0025] The pressure plate assembly and the box body are detachably connected and a hoisting part is provided on the pressure plate assembly, so that the battery module to be subjected to thermal runaway test can be first installed on the pressure plate assembly outside the accommodating cavity, and then the pressure plate assembly and the battery module are hoisted into the accommodating cavity as a whole through the hoisting part, and then the pressure plate assembly and the box body are connected to facilitate the installation of the battery module.

[0026] The battery module thermal runaway test jig of the present application simulates the battery pack shell through the box body and the box cover to provide support and protection for the battery module; the cooling liquid tank is filled with liquid and drained through the liquid inlet and outlet to cool the battery module and simulate the immersion liquid cooling environment of the battery module; the explosion-proof valve is provided to facilitate pressure relief after thermal runaway; the battery module thermal runaway test jig of the present application can reflect the more realistic situation of the battery module installed in the battery pack shell. After the battery module is installed in the battery module thermal runaway test jig for testing, the test results will be more reasonable, scientific and authentic, and the test error will be smaller. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0028] FIG1 shows an explosion diagram 1 of a battery module thermal runaway test fixture in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0029] FIG2 shows a second explosion diagram of a battery module thermal runaway test fixture in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0030] FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of an explosion after a battery module is installed in a battery module thermal runaway test fixture in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0031] FIG4 shows an exploded schematic diagram of a pressure plate assembly of a battery module thermal runaway test fixture in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0032] FIG5 shows a schematic structural diagram of the first sealing ring of the battery module thermal runaway test fixture installed behind the box body in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0033] FIG6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the second sealing ring of the battery module thermal runaway test fixture installed behind the pressure plate in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0034] FIG7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a pressure plate assembly of a battery module thermal runaway test fixture in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0035] FIG8 shows a first structural diagram of a box body of a battery module thermal runaway test fixture in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0036] FIG9 shows a bottom view of the third sealing ring of the battery module thermal runaway test fixture installed behind the box cover in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0037] FIG10 shows a second structural schematic diagram of the box of the battery module thermal runaway test fixture in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0038] FIG11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway test device after a battery module is placed in one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0039] Reference numerals: 10 - battery module, 100 - battery module thermal runaway test fixture, 110 - housing, 110a - receiving cavity, 111 - box body, 111a - cooling liquid tank, 111b - liquid inlet, 111c - liquid outlet, 110d - wire groove, 111f - mounting groove, 111g - positioning groove, 111h - threaded hole, 1111 - deflection rib, 1111a - flow hole, 112 - box cover, 120 -Pressure plate assembly, 121-Lifting part, 122-Pressure plate, 122a-Connecting through hole, 1221-Liquid blocking part, 123-Connecting seat, 130-Explosion-proof valve, 140-First sealing ring, 150-Second sealing ring, 160-Third sealing ring, 1000-Thermal runaway test device, 200-Explosion-proof box, 200a-Installation cavity, 300-Fire extinguishing device, 400-Exhaust device, 500-Data acquisition device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement status of various components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0043] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that they can be implemented by ordinary technicians in this field. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0044] With the continuous depletion of natural energy and the resulting environmental problems, pure electric vehicles have garnered widespread attention and rapid development in recent years. As an indispensable means of transportation, pure electric vehicles are powered by power batteries, of which liquid electrolyte lithium-ion batteries are the current mainstream. To meet the demand for long-range electric vehicle driving, lithium-ion batteries are developing towards higher specific energy. Solid-state lithium-ion batteries are a new development direction and are considered the next generation of power batteries, offering advantages such as high energy density, excellent cycle performance, and superior safety.

[0045] Despite this, safety issues are still an issue that must be considered during the battery design process, and safety testing is an indispensable link. The main safety issues at present are battery thermal runaway and fire and explosion caused by the spread of thermal runaway.

[0046] In order to save testing costs, current thermal runaway tests usually expose the battery modules directly to a laboratory environment for testing. This cannot simulate the situation of the module inside the battery pack casing, deviates from the actual situation, and the test results have large errors.

[0047] The embodiment of the present application provides a battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100, which can at least to a certain extent solve the problem of large errors in battery thermal module runaway tests.

[0048] The present application is described below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0049] As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100 includes a housing 110 , a pressure plate assembly 120 and an explosion-proof valve 130 .

[0050] The housing 110 includes a detachably connected housing 111 and a cover 112. The housing 111 and the cover 112 together form a receiving chamber 110a for accommodating the battery module 10. It is easy to understand that when the housing 111 and the cover 112 are connected together, the housing 111 and the cover 112 together form the receiving chamber 110a, and the battery module 10 is installed in the receiving chamber 110a.

[0051] The inner wall of the box body 111 is provided with a cooling liquid tank 111a and a liquid inlet 111b and a liquid outlet 111c connected to the cooling liquid tank 111a. The coolant enters the cooling liquid tank 111a from the liquid inlet 111b and is finally discharged from the liquid outlet 111c. When the battery module 10 is installed in the accommodating cavity 110a, the battery module 10 will come into contact with the coolant in the cooling liquid tank 111a. The coolant absorbs the heat generated by the operation of the battery module 10 and takes the heat out, thereby immersing the battery module 10 in cooling. The cooling liquid tank 111a is provided on the box body 111 and is integrated with the box body 111, making the structure of the battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100 more compact and more convenient to process.

[0052] The pressure plate assembly 120 is used to fix the battery module 10. It is located in the accommodating cavity 110a and is detachably connected to the box body 111. The pressure plate assembly 120 has a lifting portion 121. When the battery module 10 is subjected to a thermal runaway test, the battery module 10 is fixed to the pressure plate assembly 120, as shown in Figure 3. Since the pressure plate assembly 120 has a lifting portion 121 and the pressure plate assembly 120 is detachably connected to the box body 111, the pressure plate assembly 120 can be removed from the box body 111 first, and the pressure plate assembly 120 can be placed outside the accommodating cavity 110a, and then the battery module 10 can be installed on the pressure plate assembly 120. Since the pressure plate assembly 120 is located outside the accommodating cavity 110a, the connection between the battery module 10 and the pressure plate assembly 120 will not be restricted by the size of the accommodating cavity 110a, and the installation of the battery module 10 is more convenient. After the battery module 10 is installed on the pressure plate assembly 120, the lifting portion 121 is lifted by a lifting device, etc., and the pressure plate assembly 120 and the battery module 10 are placed as a whole in the accommodating cavity 110a.

[0053] The explosion-proof valve 130 is mounted on the housing 110. It can be mounted on either the housing 111 or the lid 112. When the battery experiences thermal runaway and the pressure within the chamber 110a increases beyond the specified pressure range, the explosion-proof valve 130 opens, connecting the chamber 110a with the outside world to release pressure, thereby reducing the pressure in the chamber 110a and, to a certain extent, mitigating the risk of explosion caused by excessive pressure. The specific structure and installation of the explosion-proof valve 130 are well known to those skilled in the art and are not described in detail here.

[0054] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , two explosion-proof valves 130 are provided, and both explosion-proof valves 130 are installed on the box cover 112 .

[0055] During actual use, the battery module 10 is installed in the battery pack shell. The battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100 of the present application simulates the battery pack shell 110 through the box body 111 and the box cover 112 to provide support and protection for the battery module 10; liquid is injected and discharged into the cooling liquid tank 111a through the liquid inlet 111b and the liquid outlet 111c to cool the battery module 10 and simulate the immersion liquid cooling environment of the battery module 10; the explosion-proof valve 130 is provided to facilitate pressure relief after thermal runaway; the battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100 of the present application can reflect the more realistic situation of the battery module 10 being installed in the battery pack shell, and the test results will be more reasonable, scientific and authentic, and the test error will be smaller.

[0056] Since the battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100 of the present application is tested in a test environment, its shell 110 does not need to be designed with high strength like the actual battery pack shell. In addition, it does not need to be designed with some connection parts and other structures for connecting to the vehicle. This can reduce the cost and weight of the battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100.

[0057] Batteries can be divided into three categories based on their appearance: cylindrical, prismatic, and soft-pack. Solid-state batteries are often designed as soft-packs due to their inherent characteristics. The battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100 of this application can be applied to battery modules 10 in soft-pack form, cylindrical form, or prismatic form, without limitation in this application.

[0058] In some embodiments, the box body 111 and the box cover 112 are made of transparent materials, such as glass, plastic, etc., so that test personnel can observe the thermal runaway phenomenon in the accommodation cavity 110a from the outside.

[0059] There are various ways to detachably connect the pressure plate assembly 120 and the box body 111, such as snap connection, bonding, etc.

[0060] As shown in FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, the pressing plate assembly 120 includes a pressing plate 122 , and the pressing plate 122 and the bottom plate of the box body 111 are connected by a plurality of fasteners.

[0061] The fasteners may be bolts, studs, screws, etc. Several fasteners simultaneously connect the bottom plate and the pressure plate 122, so that the pressure plate assembly 120 is firmly fixed to the bottom plate of the box body 111. Multiple fasteners may be provided at intervals on the pressure plate 122 to tighten various locations of the pressure plate 122, thereby ensuring the strength of the connection between the pressure plate assembly 120 and the bottom plate.

[0062] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, the pressing plate 122 is annular, and the cooling liquid groove 111 a is located inside the pressing plate 122 .

[0063] With this design, the pressure plate 122 is installed on the bottom plate, the cooling liquid tank 111a is opened on the bottom plate of the box body 111, and is located on the inner side of the pressure plate 122. The bottom surface of the battery module 10 can directly contact the coolant in the cooling liquid tank 111a, ensuring the cooling effect of the battery module 10.

[0064] In some embodiments, the fasteners are bolts (not shown). As shown in FIG4 , a circle of connecting through-holes 122a is formed on the pressure plate 122 along its circumference. As shown in FIG10 , threaded holes 111h are formed on the bottom plate of the housing 111, the same number of which corresponds to the positions of the connecting through-holes 122a. The number of bolts matches the number of connecting through-holes 122a, and multiple bolts are positioned in each connecting through-hole 122a. The bolts pass through the connecting through-holes 122a and are threadedly connected to the threaded holes 111h.

[0065] In some embodiments, the pressure plate 122 is hermetically connected to the bottom plate of the housing 111 and the battery module 10. That is, when the pressure plate 122 is mounted on the bottom plate of the housing 111, the pressure plate 122 and the bottom plate are hermetically connected. When the battery module 10 is mounted on the pressure plate assembly 120, the pressure plate 122 and the battery module 10 are also hermetically connected.

[0066] With this design, when the battery module 10 is installed in the pressure plate assembly 120, a closed chamber is enclosed between the pressure plate 122, the bottom plate of the box body 111 and the battery module 10. The coolant is located in this chamber. After the coolant enters from the liquid inlet 111b, it will not overflow from between the pressure plate 122 and the bottom plate, or between the pressure plate assembly 120 and the battery module 10, which helps to improve the cooling efficiency of the battery module 10.

[0067] There are various ways to seal the pressing plate 122 with the bottom plate of the box 111 and the battery module 10 , for example, filling sealant between the pressing plate 122 and the bottom plate, and between the battery module 10 and the pressing plate 122 .

[0068] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5 , a first sealing ring 140 is provided on the bottom plate of the box body 111 along the circumference of the cooling liquid tank 111a, and the first sealing ring 140 is located between the bottom plate and the pressure plate 122; along the circumference of the pressure plate 122, as shown in FIG6 , a second sealing ring 150 is provided on the pressure plate 122, and the second sealing ring 150 is used to seal and connect the battery module 10 and the pressure plate assembly 120.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first sealing ring 140 is fixed to the base plate. In some embodiments, the first sealing ring 140 is placed directly on the base plate. After the first sealing ring 140 is set and the pressure plate 122 is installed on the base plate, the first sealing ring 140 is deformed by force, filling the gap between the pressure plate 122 and the base plate, so that the pressure plate 122 and the base plate are tightly connected. In some embodiments, the second sealing ring 150 is fixed to the pressure plate 122. In some embodiments, the second sealing ring 150 is placed directly on the pressure plate 122. After the second sealing ring 150 is set and the battery module 10 is fixed to the pressure plate assembly 120, the second sealing ring 150 is deformed by force, filling the gap between the pressure plate 122 and the battery module 10, so that the pressure plate 122 and the battery module 10 are tightly connected.

[0070] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , the pressure plate assembly 120 further includes a plurality of connection seats 123 connected to the pressure plate 122 . The plurality of connection seats 123 are spaced apart along the circumference of the pressure plate 122 . The connection seats 123 are used to fix the battery module 10 .

[0071] The connection between the connecting seat 123 and the pressing plate 122 can be a detachable connection, such as a threaded connection, a snap connection, etc., or a non-detachable connection, such as welding, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0072] With this design, the pressure plate 122 and the connecting base 123 are processed separately and then connected together, rather than being integrally formed, which helps reduce the processing difficulty. The provision of multiple connecting bases 123 simultaneously fixes and supports the battery module 10 at various locations, improving the stability of the battery module 10 after being installed in the pressure plate assembly 120.

[0073] In some embodiments, the connection base 123 and the pressure plate assembly 120 are connected together by bolts, and the connection base 123 and the battery module 10 are also connected by bolts.

[0074] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , the pressing plate 122 is rectangular in shape as a whole and is provided with four connecting seats 123 . The four connecting seats 123 are respectively located at the four corners of the rectangular pressing plate assembly 120 .

[0075] The structure of the lifting portion 121 is diverse and may be a lifting ring, a lifting hook, etc.

[0076] In some embodiments, the lifting portion 121 is a lifting ear. A positioning slot 111g is provided on the box body 111. The lifting ear is installed on the pressing plate 122 and passes through the pressing plate 122, with a portion of the lifting ear being located in the positioning slot 111g.

[0077] The lifting lug is fixedly mounted on the pressure plate 122, and the hook of the lifting device is hung on the lifting lug, so that the entire pressure plate assembly 120 can be lifted. After the lifting lug is fixedly mounted on the pressure plate 122, the lifting lug will penetrate the pressure plate 122, as shown in Figure 7, and the protruding portion will be located in the positioning groove 111g. As shown in Figures 5 and 10, the positioning groove 111g avoids this protruding portion of the lifting lug and positions the pressure plate assembly 120, so that the connecting through-hole 122a on the pressure plate 122 and the threaded hole 111h on the bottom plate can be quickly aligned, facilitating the installation of the pressure plate assembly 120 on the bottom plate of the box body 111.

[0078] In some embodiments, a threaded through hole is provided on the pressure plate 122, and the lifting ear has a connecting portion and a threaded portion for connecting to the lifting device. The threaded portion of the lifting ear is threadedly connected to the threaded through hole. After the connection is completed, the threaded portion extends out of the threaded through hole away from the side of the connecting portion and is located in the positioning groove 111g.

[0079] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , a guide slope is provided on one side of the positioning groove 111g close to the pressure plate 122, that is, on the open side of the positioning groove 111g, to guide the lifting ear so that the lifting ear can be quickly positioned in the positioning groove 111g, thereby improving the efficiency of connecting the pressure plate assembly 120 to the box body 111.

[0080] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , the pressing plate 122 is rectangular in shape as a whole and is provided with four lifting ears, which are respectively located on two short sides of the pressing plate 122 .

[0081] In some embodiments, a wire groove 110d and a third sealing ring installation groove 111f are provided on the mating surfaces of the box body 111 and the box cover 112, and a third sealing ring 160 is provided on the mating surfaces of the box cover 112 and the box body 111. The third sealing ring 160 is located in the wire groove 110d and the installation groove 111f, sealingly connecting the box body 111 and the box cover 112.

[0082] As shown in Figure 8, the mating surface of the box body 111 and the box cover 112 is the upper end surface of the box body 111, and the wire groove 110d and the third sealing ring installation groove 111f are provided on the upper end surface of the box body 111. As shown in Figure 9, the mating surface of the box cover 112 and the box body 111 is the lower end surface of the box cover 112, and the third sealing ring 160 is provided on the lower end surface of the box cover 112; the wire groove 110d and the third sealing ring installation groove 111f intersect. The wire groove 110d is used to pass the cables of the thermal runaway data acquisition device 500, allowing the cables to enter the accommodating cavity 110a. Since the wire groove 110d is provided on the mating surface of the box body 111, it is an open groove. Compared with the scheme of opening a hole in the box body 111 for the wiring harness to pass through, the open groove facilitates the placement of the wiring harness. After the box cover 112 and the box body 111 are connected, the third sealing ring 160 will be located in the third sealing ring installation groove 111f. The third sealing ring 160 will be deformed under the force, sealing the gap between the box body 111 and the box cover 112, thus ensuring a hermetic connection between the box body 111 and the box cover 112. This will, to a certain extent, prevent external moisture from entering the accommodating chamber 110a and affecting the test results. Furthermore, after the box cover 112 and the box body 111 are connected, the third sealing ring 160 can be squeezed to partially enter the wire channel 110d, sealing the gap between the cable and the wire channel 110d.

[0083] In some embodiments, the upper surface of the housing 111 is provided with a circle of threaded holes, and the lower surface of the housing cover 112 is provided with a circle of through holes, with the threaded holes corresponding to the through holes. The housing 111 and the housing cover 112 are connected together by a plurality of bolts, which pass through the through holes and are threadedly connected to the threaded holes. During the process of bolting the housing 111 and the housing cover 112, the housing 111 and the housing cover 112 gradually squeeze the third sealing ring 160, causing the third sealing ring 160 to deform and seal the gap between the housing 111 and the housing cover 112.

[0084] The number of the wire passing grooves 110d is not limited in the present application. As shown in FIG8 , in some embodiments, two wire passing grooves 110d are provided, and the two wire passing grooves 110d are arranged opposite to each other.

[0085] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5, the liquid inlet 111b and the liquid outlet 111c are opened on the bottom plate and face the box cover 112, and are respectively located on both sides of the length direction of the cooling liquid tank 111a; the pressure plate 122 is provided with a liquid blocking portion 1221, which is located on the side of the liquid inlet 111b facing the box cover 112, and the projection of the liquid inlet 111b toward the liquid blocking portion 1221 is located on the liquid blocking portion 1221.

[0086] The liquid inlet 111b and the liquid outlet 111c are arranged on both sides of the length direction of the cooling liquid tank 111a, which helps to make the coolant fill the cooling liquid tank 111a and improve the cooling efficiency of the battery module 10. As shown in Figure 4, the liquid blocking portion 1221 of the pressure plate 122 is located directly above the liquid inlet 111b, and the liquid inlet 111b is projected upward, and the projection is located on the liquid blocking portion 1221. After such a design, the coolant entering the liquid inlet 111b impacts the liquid blocking portion 1221, preventing the coolant from impacting the battery module 10, thereby providing protection for the battery module 10. At the same time, under the action of the liquid blocking portion 1221, the coolant can be deflected in multiple directions after impacting the liquid blocking portion 1221, which helps to make the coolant fill the cooling liquid tank 111a.

[0087] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10 , a plurality of deflection ribs 1111 are provided on the inner wall of the box body 111 . The deflection ribs 1111 are located in the cooling liquid tank 111 a , and flow holes 1111 a are provided on the deflection ribs 1111 .

[0088] The provision of the baffle ribs 1111 extends the distance the coolant flows within the coolant tank 111a, helping the coolant to fully distribute throughout the coolant tank 111a, allowing the coolant to fully absorb the heat released by the battery module 10 and improve cooling efficiency. The design of the flow holes 1111a helps increase the flow rate of the coolant, thereby improving cooling efficiency.

[0089] The arrangement of the baffle ribs 1111 is diverse. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , a plurality of baffle ribs are staggered along the length direction of the bottom plate of the box body 111 , so that the coolant flows in an S-shape in the coolant tank 111 a .

[0090] Based on the same inventive concept, as shown in FIG11 , the present application also provides a thermal runaway test device 1000 , comprising an explosion-proof box 200 , a fire extinguishing device 300 , an exhaust device 400 , a data acquisition device 500 and a battery module thermal runaway test tool 100 .

[0091] The explosion-proof box 200 has an installation cavity 200a, the battery module thermal runaway test tool 100 is located in the installation cavity 200a, the fire extinguishing device 300 and the exhaust device 400 are both installed in the explosion-proof box 200; the data acquisition device 500 is used to collect the test data required for the thermal runaway test.

[0092] The battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100 is located within the mounting cavity 200a, and the battery module 10 is located within the accommodating cavity 110a of the battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100. The explosion-proof box 200 serves to prevent explosions during thermal runaway of the battery module 10, which could threaten the safety of test personnel. The structure and material of the explosion-proof box 200 are not limited in this application.

[0093] When the thermal runaway test is performed, the battery module 10 may catch fire. The fire extinguishing device 300 can extinguish the fire of the battery module 10 after the battery module thermal runaway catches fire to prevent the fire from spreading.

[0094] When thermal runaway of the battery module occurs, smoke will be generated. Therefore, an exhaust device 400 is provided to exhaust the smoke to prevent the smoke from affecting the observation of the thermal runaway process of the battery module in the explosion-proof box.

[0095] The data acquisition device 500 is responsible for collecting all the data required for the thermal runaway test, such as temperature, air pressure, images, etc.

[0096] Since the thermal runaway test device 1000 includes the battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100 described above in this application, it naturally has all the beneficial effects of the battery module thermal runaway test fixture 100, which will not be elaborated here.

[0097] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0098] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0099] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and intent of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery module thermal runaway test fixture, characterized in that: include: The housing (110) comprises a detachably connected box body (111) and a box cover (112), wherein the box body (111) and the box cover (112) together form a receiving cavity (110a) for receiving the battery module (10), and the inner wall of the box body (111) is provided with a cooling liquid groove (111a) and a liquid inlet (111b) and a liquid outlet (111c) in communication with the cooling liquid groove (111a); A pressure plate assembly (120) for fixing the battery module (10), located in the accommodating cavity (110a) and detachably connected to the box body (111), the pressure plate assembly (120) having a hoisting portion (121); An explosion-proof valve (130) is installed on the housing (110).

2. The battery module thermal runaway test fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate assembly (120) comprises a pressure plate (122), and the pressure plate (122) and the bottom plate of the box body (111) are connected via a plurality of fasteners.

3. The battery module thermal runaway test fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing plate (122) is annular, and the cooling liquid groove (111a) is located inside the pressing plate (122).

4. The battery module thermal runaway test fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressing plate (122), the bottom plate of the box body (111), and the battery module (10) are all tightly connected.

5. The battery module thermal runaway test fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure plate assembly (120) further comprises a plurality of connection seats (123) connected to the pressure plate (122), wherein the plurality of connection seats (123) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure plate (122), and the connection seats (123) are used to fix the battery module (10).

6. The battery module thermal runaway test fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting portion (121) is a lifting lug, a positioning groove (111g) is provided on the box body (111), the lifting lug is installed on the pressing plate (122) and passes through the pressing plate (122), and is partially located in the positioning groove (111g).

7. The battery module thermal runaway test fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A wire groove (110d) and a third sealing ring installation groove (111f) are provided on the mating surface of the box body (111) and the box cover (112); a third sealing ring (160) is provided on the mating surface of the box cover (112) and the box body (111); the third sealing ring (160) is located in the wire groove (110d) and the installation groove (111f), and hermetically connects the box body (111) and the box cover (112).

8. The battery module thermal runaway test fixture according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The liquid inlet (111b) and the liquid outlet (111c) are opened on the bottom plate and face the box cover (112), and are respectively located on both sides of the length direction of the cooling liquid tank (111a); the pressure plate (122) is provided with a liquid blocking portion (1221), the liquid blocking portion (1221) is located on the side of the liquid inlet (111b) facing the box cover (112), and the projection of the liquid inlet (111b) toward the liquid blocking portion (1221) is located on the liquid blocking portion (1221).

9. The battery module thermal runaway test fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the box body (111) is provided with a plurality of deflection ribs (1111), the deflection ribs (1111) are located in the cooling liquid groove (111a), and the deflection ribs (1111) are provided with flow holes (1111a).

10. A thermal runaway test device, characterized in that: include: An explosion-proof box (200) having a mounting cavity (200a); The battery module thermal runaway test fixture (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery module thermal runaway test fixture (100) is located in the installation cavity (200a); a fire extinguishing device (300) and an exhaust device (400), wherein the fire extinguishing device (300) and the exhaust device (400) are both installed in the explosion-proof box (200); The data acquisition device (500) is used to acquire test data required for a thermal runaway test.

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