Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a communication method and a communication apparatus, which can be applicable to more application scenarios and can be applied to a communication system. The method comprises: a first terminal node receiving a system message, wherein the first terminal node is located within the coverage distance of a management node, a first correspondence is configured in the first terminal node and comprises the correspondence between each of a plurality of preamble styles and the bandwidth of an access channel, there are at least two of the plurality of preamble styles for which respective corresponding access channels have different bandwidths, and the system message comprises information for indicating a target style; and the first terminal node sending an access request message, wherein the access request message comprises a first preamble used for the first terminal node to access a network, and the bandwidth of an access channel corresponding to the first preamble is determined by the first terminal node on the basis of the target style and the first correspondence.

Description

Communication method and communication device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on March 29, 2024, with application number 202410391869.7 and application name “Communication Method and Communication Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and a communication device. Background Art

[0003] In a cellular network system, uplink synchronization can be achieved through a preamble. For example, the preamble patterns may include the following: pattern 0, pattern 1, pattern 2, pattern 3, and pattern 4. The preamble patterns in a cellular network system, such as pattern 0 to pattern 4, are determined based on the maximum coverage distance of the network device, which will lead to the application scenario of using the preamble for uplink synchronization. Therefore, how to use the preamble in more scenarios,

[0004] For example, uplink synchronization in different scenarios of the Star Flash communication system is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and a communication device, which can match the preamble code according to the application scenario to perform uplink synchronization, thereby being applicable to more application scenarios.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a first terminal node receives a system message. The first terminal node is located within the coverage distance of a management node, and a first correspondence is configured in the first terminal node, wherein the first correspondence includes a correspondence between each preamble code pattern in a plurality of preamble code patterns and the bandwidth of an access channel. At least two preamble code patterns in the plurality of preamble code patterns have different corresponding access channel bandwidths. The system message includes information for indicating a target pattern. The first terminal node sends an access request message. The access request message includes a first preamble code, the first preamble code is used for the first terminal node to access the network, and the pattern of the first preamble code is a target pattern. The bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code is determined by the first terminal node based on the target pattern and the first correspondence.

[0008] Based on the communication method provided in the first aspect, a first correspondence can be configured in the first terminal node, where the first correspondence includes a correspondence between each of a plurality of preamble patterns and the bandwidth of the access channel. The first terminal node can receive a system message, determine a preamble based on the target pattern in the system message and the first correspondence, and send an access request message. The access request message includes the access preamble, allowing the management node to configure a preamble for the first terminal node with a pattern that matches the bandwidth requirements of the first terminal node, thereby adapting to a wider range of application scenarios.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the multiple preamble patterns may include at least one first-type preamble pattern and at least one second-type preamble pattern. The bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first-type preamble pattern is different from the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the second-type preamble pattern. Because each type of preamble pattern includes at least one preamble pattern, a preamble pattern for accessing the network can be selected based on the application scenario, thereby better matching the preamble pattern with the application scenario.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble pattern may be a first bandwidth, and the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble pattern may be a second bandwidth, where the first bandwidth is greater than the second bandwidth. Because a larger channel bandwidth results in higher precision in time distinction, and a smaller channel bandwidth results in lower precision in time distinction, the first type of preamble pattern can be configured for a first terminal when low timing advance accuracy requirements are in place, and the second type of preamble pattern can be configured for a first terminal when high timing advance accuracy requirements are in place, thereby meeting different timing advance accuracy requirements.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first correspondence may further include a correspondence between each of the multiple preamble patterns and the length of a first cyclic prefix, wherein the first cyclic prefix is ​​a cyclic prefix of an access channel, and the lengths of the first cyclic prefixes corresponding to different preamble patterns in the multiple preamble patterns are different. Since different cyclic prefix lengths may correspond to different wireless transmission environments, such as different paths and / or coverage distances, preamble patterns with different cyclic prefixes may be matched based on the distance between the first terminal node and the management node. For example, it is possible to avoid using a preamble pattern with an excessively long cyclic prefix, thereby reducing system overhead.

[0012] In one possible implementation, at least one preamble pattern in the first type corresponds to a first cyclic prefix with a length equal to a second cyclic prefix, where the second cyclic prefix is ​​the length of a cyclic prefix of one symbol on a carrier used for communication between the first terminal node and the management node. This avoids the use of preamble patterns with excessively long cyclic prefixes, thereby reducing system overhead.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the first type of preamble pattern is less than the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the second type of preamble pattern.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first correspondence may further include a correspondence between multiple preamble patterns and the length of a guard interval after accessing the channel. In this manner, preamble patterns with different guard intervals can be matched based on the scenario in which the first terminal node and the management node are located, such as the distance. This can prevent interference between the access signal and other signals caused by an excessively small guard interval, and can also avoid using a preamble pattern with an excessively large guard interval, thereby reducing resource overhead.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the length of the guard interval following the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble pattern is less than the length of the guard interval following the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble pattern. In other words, the length of the guard interval corresponding to the preamble is configured based on the bandwidth corresponding to the preamble. This avoids configuring an excessively small guard interval for a preamble corresponding to a small bandwidth, or configuring a large guard interval for a preamble corresponding to a large bandwidth, thereby balancing interference and overhead.

[0016] In one possible implementation, among the first type of preamble patterns, at least one preamble pattern corresponds to a guard interval after the access channel that is less than or equal to a duration threshold. This allows the guard interval length to be limited to within the duration threshold. When the duration threshold is small, the preamble patterns in the first correspondence can be applied to low-overhead scenarios, providing greater flexibility.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the first correspondence may further include a correspondence between each of the multiple preamble patterns and one or more of the following: access channel subcarrier spacing, sequence length, access channel sequence length, and access channel duration. This allows matching preamble patterns based on more metrics, thereby further improving flexibility and better balancing coverage distance and resource overhead.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the target pattern is related to the length of the second cyclic prefix configured on the first terminal node. The second cyclic prefix is ​​the length of the cyclic prefix of one symbol on the carrier used for communication between the first terminal node and the management node. This allows the target pattern to match the length of the cyclic prefix of one symbol, thereby reducing resource waste.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble sent by the first terminal node can be determined based on one or more of the following: the length of the sequence in the first preamble, the cyclic shift value for generating the sequence in the first preamble, the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, the bandwidth of the interval between the frequency domain starting position of the resource used to carry the first preamble in the access channel and the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, the ratio of the system subcarrier spacing to the access channel subcarrier spacing, the access channel subcarrier spacing, or the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the target pattern. The resources in the access channel are used to carry the access request message. In this way, the first terminal node can perform signal mapping in combination with the frequency domain starting position of the access channel and the characteristics of the first preamble, so that the terminal node can complete uplink synchronization with the management node based on the access channel.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble may satisfy the following relationship: Where s(t) is the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble sent by the first terminal node, L RA is the length of the sequence in the first preamble, k represents the kth element of the sequence in the first preamble in the frequency domain, n represents the nth element of the sequence in the first preamble in the time domain, x u,v (n) represents the sequence after cyclic shift of the sequence with root index u, FreqStartInd is the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, is the bandwidth between the frequency domain starting position of the resource used to carry the first preamble code in the access channel and the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, K is the ratio of the system subcarrier spacing to the access channel subcarrier spacing, Δf RA is the access channel subcarrier spacing, t is the time, 0≤t <t CP +T SEQ , t CP is the length of the cyclic prefix of the first preamble, T SEQ is the length of the sequence in the first preamble, In this way, the first terminal node can perform signal mapping based on the frequency domain starting position of the access channel and the characteristics of the first preamble, so that the terminal node can complete uplink synchronization with the management node based on the access channel.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the target pattern can be related to one or more of the following: the coverage distance of the management node, the length of the second cyclic prefix of the first terminal node, or the number of second terminal nodes accessing the network through the management node. The second terminal nodes are those with uplink services. This allows the target pattern to be determined based on more metrics, further improving the match between the target pattern and the first terminal node.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the target pattern may correspond to the access type of the first terminal node, where the access type of the first terminal node includes first-time network access or access based on a resource request. Thus, in the case of first-time network access, a preamble pattern with greater coverage distance may be used, while in the case of access based on a resource request, a preamble pattern with lower overhead may be used, thereby balancing uplink synchronization accuracy and resource overhead.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the target pattern may correspond to the number of available resources on the carrier used by the first terminal node for communication.

[0024] In one possible implementation, access channels with different bandwidths corresponding to multiple preamble patterns have different time resolutions. Time resolution refers to the accuracy of the timing advance obtained by the terminal node. Because the access channel bandwidth corresponds to the time resolution, the preamble pattern can be matched based on the accuracy of the terminal node's timing advance, thereby balancing uplink synchronization accuracy and resource overhead.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: the first terminal node receiving an access response message. The access response message includes timing advance information, where the timing advance information is determined based on the first preamble, and the timing advance information is used by the first terminal node for uplink synchronization. In this way, the first terminal node can obtain the timing advance information, thereby achieving uplink synchronization.

[0026] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a management node sends a system message. The management node is configured with a first correspondence relationship, and the first correspondence relationship includes a correspondence relationship between each preamble code pattern in a plurality of preamble code patterns and the bandwidth of an access channel. At least two preamble code patterns in the plurality of preamble code patterns have different corresponding access channel bandwidths. The system message includes information for indicating a target pattern. The management node receives an access request message. The access request message includes a first preamble code, the first preamble code is used for a first terminal node to access a network, and the pattern of the first preamble code is a target pattern. The bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code is determined by the first terminal node based on the target pattern and the first correspondence relationship.

[0027] Based on the communication method provided in the second aspect, a first correspondence can be configured in the management node, where the first correspondence includes a correspondence between each of multiple preamble patterns and the bandwidth of the access channel. The management node can send a system message and receive an access request message. The system message includes information indicating a target pattern, and the preamble pattern in the access request message is the target pattern. This allows the management node to configure a preamble pattern for the terminal node that matches the terminal node's bandwidth requirements, thereby adapting to a wider range of application scenarios.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the multiple preamble patterns may include at least one first-type preamble pattern and at least one second-type preamble pattern, wherein the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first-type preamble pattern is different from the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the second-type preamble pattern.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble pattern may be a first bandwidth, and the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble pattern may be a second bandwidth, where the first bandwidth is greater than the second bandwidth.

[0030] In one possible implementation scheme, the first correspondence relationship may also include a correspondence relationship between each preamble code pattern in multiple preamble code patterns and the length of the first cyclic prefix, wherein the first cyclic prefix is ​​the cyclic prefix of the access channel, and the lengths of the first cyclic prefixes corresponding to different preamble code patterns in the multiple preamble code patterns are different.

[0031] In one possible implementation, there is at least one preamble code pattern in the first type of preamble code pattern, and the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the preamble code pattern is equal to the length of the second cyclic prefix, and the second cyclic prefix is ​​the length of the cyclic prefix of a symbol on the carrier used for communication between the first terminal node and the management node.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the first type of preamble pattern may be smaller than the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the second type of preamble pattern.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the first correspondence may further include a correspondence between multiple preamble patterns and the length of a guard interval after accessing the channel.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble pattern is smaller than the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble pattern.

[0035] In a possible implementation, among the first type of preamble code patterns, there is at least one preamble code pattern corresponding to a guard interval after accessing the channel whose length is less than or equal to a duration threshold.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the first correspondence may also include a correspondence between each of the multiple preamble code patterns and one or more of the following: the subcarrier spacing of the access channel, the sequence length, the access channel sequence length, and the duration occupied by the access channel.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the target pattern is related to the length of a second cyclic prefix configured on the first terminal node. The second cyclic prefix is ​​the length of a cyclic prefix of one symbol on a carrier used for communication between the first terminal node and the management node.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble sent by the first terminal node can be determined based on one or more of the following: the length of the sequence in the first preamble, the cyclic shift value for generating the sequence in the first preamble, the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, the bandwidth of the interval between the frequency domain starting position of the resource in the access channel used to carry the first preamble and the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, the ratio of the system subcarrier spacing to the access channel subcarrier spacing, the access channel subcarrier spacing, or the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the target pattern. The resources in the access channel are used to carry the access request message.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble may satisfy the following relationship: Where s(t) is the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble sent by the first terminal node, L RA is the length of the sequence in the first preamble, k represents the kth element of the sequence in the first preamble in the frequency domain, n represents the nth element of the sequence in the first preamble in the time domain, x u,v (n) represents the sequence after cyclic shift of the sequence with root index u, FreqStartInd is the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, is the bandwidth between the frequency domain starting position of the resource used to carry the first preamble code in the access channel and the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, K is the ratio of the system subcarrier spacing to the access channel subcarrier spacing, Δf RA is the access channel subcarrier spacing, t is the time, 0≤t <t CP +T SEQ , t CP is the length of the cyclic prefix of the first preamble, T SEQ is the length of the sequence in the first preamble, is the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the target pattern.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the target pattern may be related to one or more of the following: the coverage distance of the management node, the length of the second cyclic prefix of the first terminal node, or the number of second terminal nodes accessing the network through the management node, where the second terminal node is a terminal node with uplink traffic.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the target pattern may correspond to an access type of the first terminal node, where the access type of the first terminal node includes first-time network access or network access based on a resource request.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the target pattern may correspond to the number of available resources on the carrier used by the first terminal node for communication.

[0043] In one possible implementation, among access channels corresponding to multiple preamble patterns, access channels with different bandwidths correspond to different time resolutions. The time resolution is the accuracy of the timing advance obtained by the terminal node.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the second aspect may further include: the management node sending an access response message. The access response message includes timing advance information, the timing advance information is determined based on the first preamble, and the timing advance information is used for uplink synchronization of the first terminal node.

[0045] In addition, the technical effects of the communication method described in the second aspect can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0046] In a third aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device is located within the coverage distance of a management node, and a first correspondence is configured in the communication device, wherein the first correspondence includes a correspondence between a preamble code of each preamble code pattern in a plurality of preamble code patterns and a bandwidth of an access channel; at least two preamble code patterns in the plurality of preamble code patterns have different bandwidths of access channels corresponding to them; the communication device is used to implement the transmission of star flash signals, and includes: a module for receiving a system message; the system message includes information for indicating a target pattern, the target pattern being a preamble code pattern in the plurality of preamble code patterns; a module for sending an access request message; the access request message includes a first preamble code, the first preamble code is used for a first terminal node to access a network, and the pattern of the first preamble code is the target pattern; wherein the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code is determined by the first terminal node based on the target pattern and the first correspondence.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes: a module for receiving an access response message; the access response message includes timing advance information, the timing advance information is determined based on the first preamble code, and the timing advance information is used for uplink synchronization of the first terminal node.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals, and at least one of the Star Flash module, Bluetooth module and WiFi module shares at least one of the RF unit, modem unit, MAC unit and CPU.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals, but does not support the transmission of WiFi signals. The Star Flash module and the Bluetooth module are located in the same subsystem of the communication device, and the subsystem and the power management module PMU are integrated in the communication device.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth modules or WiFi modules coexists and communicates with the Star Flash module through different antennas, and the coexistence strategy is channel avoidance.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the communication device is further used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the link corresponding to the opposite device and / or the service for data transmission according to the link selection strategy.

[0052] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, including: determining the type of the opposite device, the type of the opposite device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the opposite device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the opposite device.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the link selection strategy includes: when the service delay is greater than a first value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link before performing data transmission; or, when the service delay is less than the first value and greater than a second value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link, achieving synchronization by adding timestamps to data packets, and then performing data transmission; or, when the service delay is less than the second value, first establishing an asynchronous unicast link, and then establishing a synchronous unicast link or a synchronous multicast link before performing data transmission.

[0054] In a possible implementation, when the communication device is a non-audio device, the communication device is further configured to: transmit data via an asynchronous unicast or asynchronous multicast link.

[0055] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the frame format type corresponding to the type of the opposite device and / or the service type of the opposite device according to the frame format selection strategy; wherein the frame format type includes Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 1, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 2, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 3 or Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 4.

[0056] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, including: determining the type of the opposite device, the type of the opposite device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the opposite device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the opposite device.

[0057] In one possible implementation scheme, the frame format selection strategy includes: when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 through physical layer parameter negotiation after the connection state; or, when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration and the service anti-interference capability requirement is greater than the set threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation after entering the connection state; or, when the type of the opposite device is a device that only supports wireless frame type 1, or a device with a maximum transmission power greater than the first power threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access; or, when the service type of the opposite device is an Internet of Things (IoT) ultra-long-distance coverage service, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is greater than the first threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 4 for broadcast and connection, or, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is less than or equal to the first threshold, switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0058] In one possible implementation, when the communication device is a non-audio device, the communication device is also used to: select Starflash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and after entering the connection state, switch to Starflash wireless frame type 2 for data transmission through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0059] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is also provided. The communication device is configured with a first correspondence, the first correspondence including a correspondence between each preamble pattern in a plurality of preamble patterns and a bandwidth of an access channel; at least two of the plurality of preamble patterns have different corresponding access channel bandwidths; the communication device is used to implement star flash signal transmission, and includes: a module for sending a system message; the system message includes information for indicating a target pattern, the target pattern being a preamble pattern in the plurality of preamble patterns; a module for receiving an access request message; the access request message includes a first preamble, the first preamble being used for a first terminal node to access a network, the pattern of the first preamble being the target pattern; wherein the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble is determined by the first terminal node based on the target pattern and the first correspondence.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes: a module for sending an access response message; the access response message includes timing advance information, the timing advance information is determined based on the first preamble code, and the timing advance information is used for uplink synchronization of the first terminal node.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals, and at least one of the Star Flash module, Bluetooth module and WiFi module shares at least one of the RF unit, modem unit, MAC unit and CPU.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals, but does not support the transmission of WiFi signals. The Star Flash module and the Bluetooth module are located in the same subsystem of the communication device, and the subsystem and the power management module PMU are integrated in the communication device.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth modules or WiFi modules coexists and communicates with the Star Flash module through different antennas, and the coexistence strategy is channel avoidance.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the communication device is further used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the link corresponding to the opposite device and / or the service for data transmission according to the link selection strategy.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the communication apparatus is further configured to: determine the type of the peer device and / or the service delay of the peer device, including: determining the type of the peer device, where the type of the peer device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type;

[0066] When the type of the opposite device is an audio device, a service delay of the opposite device is determined.

[0067] In a possible implementation, the link selection strategy includes: when the service delay is greater than a first value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link and then performing data transmission; or,

[0068] When the service delay is less than the first value and greater than the second value, an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link is established, and data transmission is performed after synchronization is achieved by adding timestamps to data packets; alternatively, when the service delay is less than the second value, an asynchronous unicast link is first established, and then a synchronous unicast link or a synchronous multicast link is established before data transmission.

[0069] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the frame format type corresponding to the type of the opposite device and / or the service type of the opposite device according to the frame format selection strategy; wherein the frame format type includes Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 1, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 2, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 3 or Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 4.

[0070] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, including: determining the type of the opposite device, the type of the opposite device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the opposite device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the opposite device.

[0071] In one possible implementation scheme, the frame format selection strategy includes: when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 through physical layer parameter negotiation after the connection state; or, when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration and the service anti-interference capability requirement is greater than the set threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation after entering the connection state; or, when the type of the opposite device is a device that only supports wireless frame type 1, or a device with a maximum transmission power greater than the first power threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access; or, when the service type of the opposite device is an Internet of Things (IoT) ultra-long-distance coverage service, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is greater than the first threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 4 for broadcast and connection, or, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is less than or equal to the first threshold, switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0072] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which is configured to execute the communication method described in any one of the implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0073] In the present application, the communication device described in the fifth aspect can be the terminal node described in the first aspect or the management node described in the second aspect, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal node or management node, or a device that includes the terminal node or management node.

[0074] It should be understood that the communication device described in the fifth aspect includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the communication method described in any one of the first or second aspects above. The module, unit, or means can be implemented by hardware, software, or hardware executing the corresponding software implementation. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units for performing the functions involved in the above-mentioned communication method.

[0075] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor configured to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0076] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in the sixth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the sixth aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0077] In one possible design, the communication device described in the sixth aspect may further include a memory. The memory may be integrated with the processor or provided separately. The memory may be used to store computer programs and / or data involved in the communication method described in either the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0078] In the present application, the communication device described in the sixth aspect can be the terminal node described in the first aspect or the management node described in the second aspect, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal node or management node, or a device that includes the terminal node or management node.

[0079] In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes: a processor coupled to a memory, the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device performs the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0080] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in the seventh aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the seventh aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0081] In the present application, the communication device described in the seventh aspect can be the terminal node described in the first aspect or the management node described in the second aspect, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal node or management node, or a device that includes the terminal node or management node.

[0082] In an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the communication device executes the communication method described in any one of the implementation methods in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0083] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in the eighth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the eighth aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0084] In the present application, the communication device described in the eighth aspect can be the terminal node described in the first aspect or the management node described in the second aspect, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal node or management node, or a device that includes the terminal node or management node.

[0085] In a ninth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor; the processor is used to couple with a memory, and after reading a computer program in the memory, execute the communication method as described in any one of the implementation methods in the first aspect or the second aspect according to the computer program.

[0086] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in aspect 9 may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in aspect 9 to communicate with other communication devices.

[0087] In the present application, the communication device described in the ninth aspect may be the terminal node described in the first aspect or the management node described in the second aspect, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal node or management node, or a device that includes the terminal node or management node.

[0088] In a tenth aspect, a processor is provided, wherein the processor is configured to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0089] In an eleventh aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes one or more terminal nodes and one or more management nodes.

[0090] In the twelfth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, comprising: a computer program or instructions; when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0091] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program or instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0092] In addition, the technical effects of the communication devices described in the fifth to thirteenth aspects above can refer to the technical effects of the communication methods described in the first or second aspects above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0093] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the time delay between a management node and different terminal nodes provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0094] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of time domain resources occupied by preamble codes of different styles provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0095] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0096] FIG4 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0097] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a first access resource set structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0098] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a first access resource set provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0099] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a first access resource set provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0100] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a first access resource set provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0101] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a first access resource set provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0102] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a subcarrier group provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a chip architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0105] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0106] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0107] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a chip module framework provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0108] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of another chip module framework provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0109] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of another chip module framework provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0110] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of a framework of a software static policy provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0111] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of a framework of a hardware time-division arbitration (PTA) strategy provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0112] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of a link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0113] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0114] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0115] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0116] FIG24 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0117] FIG25 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0118] Figure 26 shows the four different radio frame types defined in the Star Flash protocol;

[0119] FIG27 is an example of a frame format application in a scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0120] FIG28 is an example of a frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0121] FIG29 is an example of a frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0122] FIG30 is an example of a frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0123] FIG31 is a first structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0124] Figure 32 is a second structural diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0125] The following describes the technologies related to this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0126] The Star Flash 1.0 protocol, also known as the Green Tooth (GT) 1.0 protocol, is analyzed based on the in-vehicle short-distance scenario. In this scenario, only downlink synchronization is considered, and the uplink timing advance mechanism is not considered.

[0127] With the expansion of the application scenarios of Star Flash technology, in larger coverage scenarios or when the uplink transmission time of the terminal node is incorrect, or the crystal oscillator offset on the terminal node accumulates, or the channel propagation path changes, or the terminal node moves, the signal sent by the terminal node received by the management node (grant node) will have a delay. The length of the signal delay is close to the length of the cyclic prefix (CP) or exceeds the length of the CP, which will make it impossible to achieve uplink synchronization.

[0128] The following describes the uplink and downlink delays using the management node, terminal node #1, and terminal node #2. The delay between the management node and terminal node #1 is TP1, and the delay between the management node and terminal node #2 is TP2.

[0129] As shown in Figure 1, assuming the management node sends information #1 between t0 and t1, then terminal node #1 receives information #1 between t0+TP1 and t1+TP1, and terminal node #2 receives information #1 between t0+TP2 and t1+TP2. Assuming terminal node #1 sends information #2 between t0+TP1 and t1+TP1, then the management node receives information #2 between t0+2*TP1 and t1+2*TP1. Assuming terminal node #2 sends information #3 between t0+TP2 and t1+TP2, then the management node receives information #3 between t0+2*TP2 and t1+2*TP2. Therefore, for a single terminal node, such as terminal node #1 or terminal node #2, the uplink transmission delay may cause inter-symbol interference (ISI) or inter-channel interference (ICI).

[0130] For different terminal nodes within the coverage distance of the management node (i.e., within the communication domain corresponding to the management node), such as terminal node #1 and terminal node #2, the transmission delays of different terminal nodes are different, which will affect the orthogonality of the signals sent by different terminal nodes and cause interference between users.

[0131] In a cellular network system, uplink synchronization can be achieved through a preamble. Different preamble patterns have the same bandwidth. For example, preamble patterns may include the following: pattern 0, pattern 1, pattern 2, pattern 3, and pattern 4. The cyclic prefix duration and sequence duration corresponding to each preamble pattern are shown in Table 1 below. Pattern 4 applies to the uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS). Assuming that the uplink pilot time slot includes subframes #2 to #4, the cyclic prefix length, sequence length, and guard interval length corresponding to each preamble pattern are shown in Figure 2.

[0132] Table 1

[0133] Patterns 0 to 4 are all determined based on the maximum coverage distance of the management node. Therefore, the application scenarios of patterns 0 to 4 are somewhat limited. Therefore, how to access the network in more scenarios, such as the different scenarios of the Star Flash communication system, is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0134] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0135] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, vehicle to everything (V2X) communication systems, device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, Internet of Vehicles communication systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, world-wide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems, such as new radio (NR) systems, and future communication systems, such as sixth generation (6G) mobile communication systems.

[0136] This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features in the context of systems that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that each system may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all of the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the figures. Furthermore, combinations of these aspects may also be used.

[0137] Additionally, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this application as an "exemplary" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0138] First, in this application, "used to indicate" can include being used for direct indication and being used for indirect indication. When describing a certain "information" as being used to indicate A, it can include whether the information directly indicates A or indirectly indicates A, but it does not necessarily mean that the information contains A.

[0139] The information indicated by a message is called information to be indicated. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the information to be indicated, such as but not limited to, the information to be indicated can be directly indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or the index of the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, where there is an association between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of specific information can be achieved by means of the arrangement order of each piece of information agreed in advance (such as specified in the protocol), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent. At the same time, the common parts of each piece of information can be identified and indicated uniformly to reduce the indication overhead caused by indicating the same information separately.

[0140] In addition, the specific indication method can also be various existing indication methods, such as but not limited to the above-mentioned indication methods and various combinations thereof. The specific details of the various indication methods can be referred to the prior art and will not be repeated herein. As can be seen from the above, for example, when it is necessary to indicate multiple information of the same type, there may be a situation where the indication methods for different information are different. In the specific implementation process, the required indication method can be selected according to specific needs. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the selected indication method. In this way, the indication method involved in the embodiment of the present application should be understood to cover various methods that can enable the party to be indicated to obtain the information to be indicated.

[0141] The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole, or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately, and the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different. The specific sending method is not limited in this application. Among them, the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be predefined, for example, predefined according to the protocol, or configured by the transmitting device by sending configuration information to the receiving device. Among them, the configuration information can, for example, but not limited to, include one or a combination of at least two of radio resource control (RRC) signaling, medium access control (MAC) layer signaling and physical layer signaling. Among them, MAC layer signaling, for example, includes MAC control element (CE); physical (PHY) layer signaling, for example, includes downlink control information (DCI).

[0142] Second, in the embodiments shown below, the first, second, and various numerical numbers are only used for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0143] Third, "pre-set", or "pre-defined", or "pre-configured" can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in nodes (for example, including terminal nodes and / or management nodes), or can be pre-specified in the protocol. This application does not limit its specific implementation method. Among them, "saving" can mean saving in one or more memories. The one or more memories can be set separately or integrated in an encoder or decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The one or more memories can also be partially set separately and partially integrated in a decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The type of memory can be any form of storage medium, which is not limited by this application.

[0144] Fourth, the "protocol" involved in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a standard protocol in the field of communications, for example, it may include 3GPP's LTE protocol, NR protocol, StarFlash 1.0 protocol and related protocols used in future communication systems. This application does not limit this.

[0145] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0146] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0147] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, a communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application is first described in detail using the communication system shown in Figure 3 as an example. For example, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0148] As shown in FIG3 , the communication system includes a management node and a terminal node.

[0149] A management node is a node in a communication system that sends data scheduling information. A terminal node is a node in a communication system that receives data scheduling information and sends data according to the data scheduling information.

[0150] Optionally, the management node in the embodiment of the present application can be a node that sends data scheduling information to the vehicle-mounted wireless short-range communication system, and the terminal node in the embodiment of the present application can be a node that receives data scheduling information from the vehicle-mounted wireless short-range communication system and sends data according to the data scheduling information. They are uniformly described here and will not be repeated below.

[0151] Exemplarily, the management nodes may include management nodes 301a to 301c, and the terminal nodes may include terminal nodes 302a to 302f. The terminal nodes may be connected to the management nodes wirelessly, and the management nodes may be connected to the core network (not shown in FIG3 ) via wired or wireless means.

[0152] Among them, the management node and the terminal node can exchange information.

[0153] A terminal node may be a terminal with transceiver functions, or may be a chip or chip system provided at the terminal node. The terminal node may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station (MS), mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device. The terminal nodes in the embodiments of the present application may be mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, tablet computers, wireless data cards, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless modems, handheld devices (handsets), laptop computers, machine type communication (MTC) terminals, computers with wireless transceiver functions, virtual reality (VR) terminals, augmented reality (AR) terminals, smart home appliances (e.g., refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, electric meters, etc.), intelligent robots, robotic arms, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in unmanned driving, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in telemedicine, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, vehicle-mounted terminals, roadside units with terminal functions, etc. unit, RSU), etc., flying equipment (for example, intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc. The terminal node of the present application may also be an on-board module, on-board module, on-board component, on-board chip or on-board unit that is built into the vehicle as one or more components or units. The terminal node may also be other devices with terminal functions. For example, the terminal node may also be a device that serves as a terminal function in D2D communication. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the device form of the terminal node. The device for realizing the function of the terminal may be a terminal node; it may also be a device that can support the terminal to realize the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the terminal or used in combination with the terminal. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0154] The management node can be a device with wireless transceiver functions, or it can be a chip or chip system set in the device, located in the access network (AN) of the communication system, and used to provide access services for the terminal. For example, the management node can be called a network device, a radio access network device (RAN) device, and can specifically be a next-generation mobile communication system, such as a 6G access network device, such as a 6G base station, or in the next-generation mobile communication system, the management node can also have other naming methods, which are all covered within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. Alternatively, the management node may include a 5G, such as a gNB in ​​a new radio (NR) system, or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a 5G base station, or a network node constituting a gNB, a transmission and reception point (TRP or TP), or a transmission measurement function (TMF), such as a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), a radio unit (RU), an RSU with base station functionality, a wired access gateway, or a 5G core network element. Alternatively, the management node may include an access point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, various types of macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small cells), relay stations, access points, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, and the like.

[0155] Among them, the CU and DU can be set separately, or can also be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU) or a remote radio head (RRH). It can be understood that the management node can be a CU node, a DU node, or a device including a CU node and a DU node. In addition, the CU can be divided into a management node in the access network RAN, or the CU can be divided into a management node in the core network CN, which is not limited here. In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in the ORAN system, the CU can also be called O-CU (Open CU), the DU can also be called O-DU, the CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be called O-RU. For the convenience of description, this application takes CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU as examples for description. Any unit of CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module. In the embodiment of the present application, the form of the management node is not limited. The device for implementing the function of the management node can be a management node; it can also be a device that can support the management node to implement the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the management node or used in conjunction with the management node.

[0156] It should be understood that in the communication system provided in FIG3 , the terminal node can be a non-audio device such as a keyboard, mouse, or stylus, or an audio device such as a headset or microphone. The management node can be a non-audio device such as a keyboard, mouse, or stylus, or an audio device such as a headset or microphone.

[0157] Optionally, the communication system provided in FIG. 3 in the embodiment of the present application may be a star flash system.

[0158] It should be noted that the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied between the terminal node and the management node shown in Figure 3. The specific implementation can refer to the following method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0159] It should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems, and the corresponding names can also be replaced by the names of corresponding functions in other communication systems.

[0160] It should be understood that FIG3 is only a simplified schematic diagram for ease of understanding, and the communication system may further include other management nodes and / or other terminal nodes, which are not shown in FIG3 .

[0161] For ease of understanding, the relevant concepts involved in the embodiments of this application are introduced below.

[0162] (1) A superframe is a radio resource with a duration of 1 millisecond (ms). A superframe can contain multiple first frames, where the duration of the first frame = 1 / the number of first frames in the superframe. The number of first frames in a superframe is less than 48. This allows for greater coverage distance.

[0163] The first frame may include multiple symbols. It should be understood that the symbols may be orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols (OFDM) or other possible symbols. The symbol refers to the unit of time domain resources, or the smallest unit of resource scheduling. The time length of a symbol is related to the number of first frames in the superframe and the number of symbols in each first frame. The time length of a symbol = the time length of the first frame / the number of first frames*the number of symbols in the first frame. The symbols may be G-link symbols (also called GS or downlink symbols), T-link symbols (also called TS or uplink symbols) and guard interval symbols (also called GAP symbols). The G-link symbols are symbols used for the management node to send information, and the T-link symbols are symbols used for the terminal node to send information.

[0164] The first frame can be divided into a G link first frame, a T link first frame and a special first frame.

[0165] The symbols in the first frame of the G link are all G link symbols, i.e., downlink symbols. The symbols in the special first frame include G link symbols, guard interval symbols, and T link symbols. The symbols in the first frame of the T link are all T link symbols.

[0166] It should be understood that the first frame may also be referred to as a radio frame or other names. When the first frame is referred to as a radio frame, the first frame of the G link may also be referred to as a G link radio frame (GF), the first frame of the T link may also be referred to as a T link radio frame (TF), and the special first frame may also be referred to as a special radio frame (SF).

[0167] In some possible embodiments, the symbol may also be called a time unit, a time domain unit, or other possible names.

[0168] (2) The frame type of a superframe refers to the category of a superframe, which can be classified based on the structural characteristics of the superframe (such as the distribution of different first frames in the superframe). The frame type of a superframe can correspond to the period of resource scheduling in the superframe (also known as the granularity of resource scheduling).

[0169] In one possible implementation, the frame type of a superframe is one of a frame type set. Optionally, the frame type set may include a first frame type, a second frame type, and a third frame type. A superframe of the first frame type may include at least a G-link first frame and a special first frame. Optionally, a superframe of the first frame type may also include a T-link first frame. Resource scheduling can be performed on a superframe of the first frame type based on the superframe.

[0170] The following uses a superframe including eight first frames as an example to describe superframes of the first frame type in conjunction with Table 2. Table 2 shows the first frames corresponding to different first frame numbers in superframes with different frame ratios. A superframe of the first frame type can be a superframe corresponding to any frame ratio from 0 to 6.

[0171] It should be understood that the first frame may also be referred to as a radio frame or other names. When the first frame is referred to as a radio frame, the first frame of the G link may also be referred to as a G link radio frame (GF), the first frame of the T link may also be referred to as a T link radio frame (TF), and the special first frame may also be referred to as a special radio frame (SF).

[0172] The second frame type performs resource scheduling based on each half superframe in the superframe. In a superframe of the second frame type, the structure of the first half superframe is the same as that of the second half superframe. Among them, each half superframe includes at least one SF in the first frames other than the first first frame. In a half superframe, the first frame before the SF is GF. If there is a first frame after the SF in a half superframe, the first frame after the SF is TF. Taking a superframe including 8 first frames as an example, and combining Table 2 to illustrate the superframe of the second frame type, the second frame type can be a superframe corresponding to any frame ratio from 7 to 9. It should be understood that "before" and "after" here refer to the time domain position.

[0173] The third frame type performs resource scheduling based on each first frame in a superframe. Each first frame in the third frame type can be a SF. Taking a superframe including eight first frames as an example, and referring to Table 2 to illustrate a superframe of the third frame type, the third frame type can be a superframe corresponding to a frame ratio of 10.

[0174] Table 2

[0175] It should be understood that the above-mentioned first frame type, second frame type and third frame type are used for examples. In actual implementation, the frame type of the superframe can also be other possible types; in addition, the first frame type can also be called a Class A frame or other possible names, the second frame type can also be called a Class B frame or other possible names, and the third frame type can also be called a Class C frame or other possible names, which will not be repeated here.

[0176] In the following embodiments, the first terminal node and the management node are used as examples. The management node may be the management node in FIG3 , and the first terminal node is within the coverage distance of the management node, or in other words, the distance between the first terminal node and the management node is less than the coverage distance of the management node.

[0177] To enable network access in different scenarios, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, in which a management node can determine, based on a first correspondence, from multiple preamble patterns, a preamble pattern for a first terminal node to use for uplink synchronization, and configure the pattern to the first terminal node via a system message. The first terminal node can then send an access request message based on the system message, thereby achieving uplink synchronization. The access request message includes a first preamble, and the pattern of the first preamble is one of the multiple preamble patterns.

[0178] It should be understood that the first terminal node is configured with a first correspondence, wherein the first correspondence includes a correspondence between each of the plurality of preamble patterns and the bandwidth of the access channel. At least two of the plurality of preamble patterns have respective corresponding access channel bandwidths that are different.

[0179] In one possible implementation, the preamble pattern may be divided into multiple types of preamble patterns, wherein different types of preamble patterns correspond to different access channel bandwidths. In this case, the multiple preamble patterns include at least two types of preamble patterns.

[0180] Optionally, the multiple types of preamble patterns may include a first type of preamble pattern and a second type of preamble pattern, wherein the bandwidth of an access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble pattern is different from the bandwidth of an access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble pattern. The multiple preamble patterns include at least one first type of preamble pattern and at least one second type of preamble pattern.

[0181] Since each type of preamble pattern includes at least one preamble pattern, a preamble pattern for accessing a network can be selected according to an application scenario, thereby making the preamble pattern more compatible with the application scenario.

[0182] In one possible implementation, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble pattern may be a first bandwidth, and the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble pattern may be a second bandwidth, where the first bandwidth is greater than the second bandwidth. Because a larger channel bandwidth results in higher precision in time distinction, and a smaller channel bandwidth results in lower precision in time distinction, the second type of preamble pattern can be configured for the first terminal when low timing advance accuracy requirements are in place; and the second type of preamble pattern can be configured for the first terminal when high timing advance accuracy requirements are in place, to meet different timing advance accuracy requirements.

[0183] Taking multiple preamble code patterns including the first preamble code pattern to the fourth preamble code pattern as an example, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code pattern and the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the second preamble code pattern are both the first bandwidth, and the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the third preamble code pattern and the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the fourth preamble code pattern are both the second bandwidth.

[0184] Optionally, the first bandwidth may be 17.88 megahertz (Mhz), and the second bandwidth may be 4.39 MHz. In this case, the first corresponding relationship may be as shown in Table 3 below.

[0185] Table 3

[0186] In one possible implementation, the first correspondence may further include a correspondence between each preamble pattern in a plurality of preamble patterns and a length of a first cyclic prefix. The first cyclic prefix is ​​a cyclic prefix of an access channel (also referred to as an access channel cyclic prefix), and different preamble patterns in the plurality of preamble patterns have different lengths of the first cyclic prefix.

[0187] The length of the first cyclic prefix refers to the time length of the first cyclic prefix, or the duration length of the first cyclic prefix.

[0188] Because different cyclic prefix lengths can correspond to different wireless transmission environments, such as different paths and / or coverage distances, preamble patterns with different cyclic prefixes can be matched based on the distance between the first terminal node and the management node. For example, preamble patterns with excessively long cyclic prefixes can be avoided, thereby reducing system overhead.

[0189] Optionally, the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to any one of the first type of preamble code patterns is less than the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to any one of the second type of preamble code patterns.

[0190] In this way, it is possible to avoid using a preamble pattern with an overly long cyclic prefix, thereby reducing system overhead.

[0191] Taking the example that the first type of preamble pattern includes the first preamble pattern and the second preamble pattern, and the second type of preamble pattern includes the third preamble pattern and the fourth preamble pattern, the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the first preamble pattern is less than any one of the following: the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the third preamble pattern, or the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the fourth preamble pattern; the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the second preamble pattern is less than any one of the following: the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the third preamble pattern, or the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the fourth preamble pattern.

[0192] For example, the time length corresponding to the first preamble pattern is the first time length T1, the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the second preamble pattern is the second time length T2, the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the third preamble pattern is the third time length T3, and the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the fourth preamble pattern is the fourth time length T4. Then, T1 < T3 and T1 < T4; T2 < T3 and T2 < T4. Among them, T1, T2, T3, and T4 are all positive numbers.

[0193] In a possible implementation, for at least one preamble pattern in the first type of preamble pattern, the length of the first cyclic prefix is equal to the length of the second cyclic prefix, and the second cyclic prefix is the length of the cyclic prefix of a symbol on the carrier for communication between the terminal node and the management node.

[0194] In this way, it is possible to make the target pattern match the length of the cyclic prefix of a symbol, thereby reducing resource waste.

[0195] The length of the second cyclic prefix refers to the time length of the second cyclic prefix, or in other words, the length of the duration of the second cyclic prefix.

[0196] For example, as shown in Table 2, when the first type of preamble pattern includes the first preamble pattern and the second preamble pattern, the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the first preamble pattern is equal to the length of the second cyclic prefix, such as L CP is equal. In a possible implementation, when the bandwidth of the access channel is 17.88 MHz and the length of the first cyclic prefix is equal to the length of the second cyclic prefix, such as L CP is equal, the above second time length can be 7 us, the third time length can be 58.33 us, and the fourth time length can be 66.66 us.

[0197] In a possible implementation, the first correspondence may further include a correspondence between multiple preamble code patterns and the length of the guard interval after accessing the channel (also referred to as the guard interval after accessing the channel).

[0198] The length of the guard interval after accessing the channel refers to the time length of the guard interval after accessing the channel, or in other words, the duration length of the guard interval after accessing the channel.

[0199] In this way, the preamble code style with different protection intervals can be matched according to the scenario where the first terminal node and the management node are located, such as the distance, so as to avoid the interference between the access signal and other signals caused by the protection interval being too small, and to avoid the use of the preamble code style with an excessively large protection interval, thereby reducing resource overhead.

[0200] In one possible implementation, the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to any one of the first type of preamble code patterns is less than the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to any one of the second type of preamble code patterns.

[0201] Taking the example that the first type of preamble pattern includes a first preamble pattern and a second preamble pattern, and the second type of preamble pattern includes a third preamble pattern and a fourth preamble pattern, the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the first preamble pattern is less than any of the following: the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the third preamble pattern, or the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the fourth preamble pattern. The length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the second preamble pattern is less than any of the following: the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the third preamble pattern, or the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the fourth preamble pattern.

[0202] That is to say, the length of the guard interval corresponding to the preamble code is configured according to the bandwidth corresponding to the preamble code, which can avoid configuring an overly small guard interval for a preamble code corresponding to a small bandwidth, or avoid configuring a large guard interval for a preamble code corresponding to a large bandwidth, thereby taking into account both interference and overhead.

[0203] In a possible implementation, there is at least one preamble pattern in the first type of preamble pattern, and the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the preamble pattern is less than or equal to the duration threshold.

[0204] In this way, the length of the guard interval can be limited to a duration threshold. When the duration threshold is small, the preamble pattern in the first corresponding relationship can be applied to low-overhead scenarios, which is more flexible.

[0205] Optionally, as shown in Table 2, the duration threshold may be 0, or the duration threshold may be another possible value greater than 0. When the duration threshold is 0, the length of the guard interval following the access signal corresponding to at least one preamble pattern in the first type of preamble pattern is equal to the duration threshold. In this case, it can be understood that no guard interval is set after the access signal corresponding to at least one preamble pattern in the first type.

[0206] Optionally, the length of the protection interval after the corresponding access channel is less than or equal to the protection interval after the preamble code format of the duration threshold, and less than or equal to the length of the protection interval after the access channel corresponding to each preamble code pattern in multiple preamble code patterns.

[0207] Taking the first to fourth preamble patterns as examples, assuming that the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the first preamble pattern is equal to the duration threshold, then the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the first preamble is less than or equal to any one of the following: the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the second preamble, the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the third preamble, or the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the fourth preamble. It should be understood that in some cases, the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the first preamble is less than the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the second preamble, the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the second preamble is less than the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the third preamble, and the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the third preamble is less than the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the fourth preamble. For example, as shown in Table 2, the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the first preamble pattern is the duration threshold; the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the second preamble pattern = the length of 3 symbols with a cyclic prefix - 15.33 us; the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the third preamble pattern is 58.33 us; and the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the third preamble pattern is 108.36 us. For example, the length of 3 symbols with a cyclic prefix is ​​3*CP-OFDM.

[0208] In one possible implementation, the first correspondence may also include a correspondence between each preamble code pattern in multiple preamble code patterns and one or more of the following: the subcarrier spacing of the access channel (also referred to as the access channel subcarrier spacing), the time length of the access channel sequence (i.e., the time length of the sequence used by the access channel to carry) and the time length of the access channel (i.e., the time length occupied by the access channel).

[0209] The subcarrier spacing of the access channel corresponds to the bandwidth of the access channel (also called the access channel bandwidth). For example, as shown in Table 2, the access channel bandwidth is 17.88 MHz, and the corresponding access channel subcarrier spacing is 120 kilohertz (kHz). The access channel bandwidth is 4.39 MHz, and the corresponding access channel subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz.

[0210] The duration of the access channel sequence is the duration occupied by the preamble sequence in the preamble pattern corresponding to the access channel. As shown in Table 2, the duration of the access channel sequence corresponding to the first preamble pattern may be the cyclic prefix preceding one symbol, such as the duration of the second cyclic prefix described below. The duration of the access channel sequence corresponding to the second preamble pattern may be 7 us, the duration of the access channel sequence corresponding to the third preamble pattern may be 58.33 us, and the duration of the access channel sequence corresponding to the fourth preamble pattern may be 66.66 us.

[0211] The access channel duration refers to the time length occupied by the preamble in the preamble pattern corresponding to the access channel. As shown in Table 2, the time length of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble pattern can be the cyclic prefix of a symbol with a cyclic prefix (for example, 1*CP-OFDM), that is, the time length of the second cyclic prefix. The time length of the access channel sequence corresponding to the second preamble pattern can be 7us, the time length of the access channel sequence corresponding to the third preamble pattern can be 58.33us, and the time length of the access channel sequence corresponding to the fourth preamble pattern can be 66.66us.

[0212] Taking multiple preamble codes including the first preamble code pattern to the fourth preamble code pattern as an example, the correspondence between each preamble code pattern in the multiple preamble code patterns and the subcarrier spacing of the access channel, the time length of the access channel sequence or the time length of the access channel is shown in Table 2.

[0213] In a possible implementation, among access channels corresponding to multiple preamble code patterns, access channels with different bandwidths correspond to different time resolutions; the time resolution is the accuracy of the timing advance obtained by the terminal node.

[0214] The wider the access channel bandwidth corresponding to the preamble pattern, the higher the corresponding time resolution of the access channel. The narrower the access channel bandwidth corresponding to the preamble pattern, the lower the corresponding time resolution of the access channel. In other words, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the preamble pattern is positively correlated with the accuracy of the timing advance obtained by the terminal node.

[0215] Since the bandwidth of the access channel corresponds to the time resolution, the preamble pattern can be matched according to the accuracy of the terminal node's timing advance, thereby taking into account both the accuracy of uplink synchronization and resource overhead.

[0216] In one possible design, the first correspondence may further include a correspondence between each of the multiple preamble code patterns and an application scenario. The application scenario may be determined based on one or more of the following: a coverage distance of the management node, a length of the second cyclic prefix (or a resolution of the timing advance), or the number of second terminal nodes accessing the network through the management node, or an access type of the terminal node.

[0217] The second terminal node is a terminal node with uplink services, and the access type includes first-time network access and network access based on resource request. The scenario of network access based on resource request can also be understood as a synchronized scenario.

[0218] As shown in Table 2, among the multiple preamble patterns, the first preamble pattern may correspond to a synchronized scenario. The second preamble pattern may correspond to a scenario requiring high-precision uplink synchronization. For example, in this scenario, the time resolution of the timing advance may be 1Ts, and the coverage distance may be 0.98 km. The third preamble pattern may correspond to a far first coverage scenario. For example, in this scenario, the time resolution of the timing advance may be 4Ts, and the coverage distance may be 8.4 km. The third preamble pattern may correspond to a far second coverage scenario. For example, in this scenario, the time resolution of the timing advance may be less than or equal to 4Ts, and the coverage distance may be 9.2 km.

[0219] In other words, each of the multiple preamble patterns is related to one or more of the following: the coverage distance of the management node, the length of the second cyclic prefix, the number of second terminal nodes accessing the network via the management node, or the access type of the terminal nodes. In other words, each of the multiple preamble patterns is determined based on one or more of the following: the coverage distance of the management node, the length of the second cyclic prefix, the number of second terminal nodes accessing the network via the management node, or the access type of the terminal nodes.

[0220] In summary, the first correspondence includes the correspondence between the preamble code pattern and one or more of the following: access channel subcarrier spacing, access channel bandwidth, first cyclic prefix, time length of access channel sequence, protection interval after access signal, time length of access channel, and application scenario.

[0221] It should be understood that the above-mentioned first corresponding relationship may also be pre-configured in the management node.

[0222] The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 4 to 10.

[0223] For example, Figure 4 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication method can be applied to the communication between the management node and the terminal node shown in Figure 3 .

[0224] As shown in FIG4 , the communication method includes the following steps:

[0225] S401: A management node sends a system message, and correspondingly, a first terminal node receives the system message.

[0226] The system message includes information indicating a target pattern, which is the pattern of the preamble used by the terminal node to access the network.

[0227] In one possible implementation, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the target pattern is related to the length of the second cyclic prefix. In other words, the target pattern is related to the length of the second cyclic prefix.

[0228] In one possible implementation, the target pattern may be related to one or more of the following: the distance between the first terminal node and the management node, the number of second terminal nodes accessing the network through the management node, or the access type of the first terminal node, wherein the second terminal node is a terminal node with uplink traffic.

[0229] In this way, the target style can be determined based on more indicators, further improving the matching degree between the target style and the first terminal node.

[0230] In this case, it can also be understood that the target pattern corresponds to the management node in different scenarios. For example, for management node 1 and management node 2 with different coverage distances, the corresponding relationship between each and the preamble pattern is shown in any of the items in Table 4 below. It should be understood that the preamble pattern on each management node can be determined by the management node based on the correspondence between the management node's coverage distance and the preamble, as shown in Table 4 below.

[0231] Table 4

[0232] In one possible implementation, the target pattern corresponds to an access type of the first terminal node, where the access type of the first terminal node includes first-time network access or network access based on a resource request.

[0233] Initial network access means that the terminal node has not yet performed time synchronization with the management node. Accessing the network based on a resource request means that the terminal node has already performed uplink synchronization with the management node. A resource request is also called a schedule request (SR).

[0234] For example, the correspondence between the preamble pattern and the access type is shown in Table 5 below, and the correspondence between the target pattern and the access type is shown in any one of the items in Table 5 below. It should be understood that the preamble pattern corresponding to each access type can be determined by the management node according to the access type of the first terminal node and the correspondence between the access type and the preamble, as shown in Table 5 below.

[0235] Table 5

[0236] In this way, when accessing the network for the first time, a preamble code style with a larger coverage distance can be used. When accessing the network based on a resource request, a low-overhead preamble code style can be used, thereby taking into account both the accuracy of uplink synchronization and resource overhead.

[0237] In one possible implementation, the target pattern corresponds to the number of available resources on a carrier used by the first terminal node to communicate with the management node.

[0238] Optionally, among the carriers used by the first terminal node to communicate with the management node, the carrier with the most available resources corresponds to multiple preamble code patterns, such as the first preamble code pattern and the second preamble code pattern. Among the carriers used by the first terminal node to communicate with the management node, each carrier other than the carrier with the most available resources corresponds to a preamble code pattern, such as the first preamble code pattern. For example, as shown in Table 6, assuming that the carriers used by the first terminal node to communicate with the management node include carriers 1 to 4, where carrier 2 has the most resources, then carrier 2 corresponds to the first preamble code pattern and the second preamble code pattern, and carrier 1, carrier 3, and carrier 4 all correspond to the first preamble code pattern. It should be understood that the preamble code pattern on each carrier can be determined by the management node based on the correspondence between the carrier and the preamble code, such as the correspondence shown in Table 6 below.

[0239] Table 6

[0240] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the correspondence between the carrier and the preamble code pattern can be indicated by the management node.

[0241] Alternatively, optionally, for a carrier whose available resources are greater than a resource amount threshold, at least one preamble pattern may be configured.

[0242] S402: The first terminal node sends an access request message. Correspondingly, the management node receives the access request message.

[0243] The access request message includes a first preamble code, which is used by the first terminal node to access the network. The bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code is determined by the first terminal node based on the target pattern and the first corresponding relationship. The access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource. For the implementation of the first time-frequency resource, please refer to the relevant introduction of Design 1 below, which will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the first preamble code can be determined based on the system message. For the implementation of the first terminal node determining the first preamble code, please refer to the relevant introduction of Design 2.

[0244] In one possible implementation, the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble code sent by the first terminal node is determined based on one or more of the following: the length of the sequence in the first preamble code, the cyclic shift value for generating the sequence in the first preamble code, the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, the bandwidth of the interval between the frequency domain starting position of the resources in the access channel used to carry the first preamble code and the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, the ratio of the system subcarrier spacing to the access channel subcarrier spacing, the access channel subcarrier spacing, or the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the target pattern; wherein, the resources in the access channel are used to carry the access request message.

[0245] In this way, the first terminal node can perform signal mapping in combination with the frequency domain starting position of the access channel and the characteristics of the first preamble code, so that the terminal node can complete uplink synchronization with the management node based on the access channel.

[0246] In one possible implementation, the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble satisfies the relationship shown in the following formula (1):

[0247] Where s(t) is the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble sent by the first terminal node, L RA is the length of the sequence in the first preamble, k represents the kth element of the sequence in the first preamble in the frequency domain, n represents the nth element of the sequence in the first preamble in the time domain, x u,v (n) represents the sequence after cyclic shift of the sequence with root index u, FreqStartInd is the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, is the bandwidth between the frequency domain starting position of the resource used to carry the first preamble code in the access channel and the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, K is the ratio of the system subcarrier spacing to the access channel subcarrier spacing, Δf RA is the access channel subcarrier spacing, t is the time, 0≤t <t CP +T SEQ , t CP is the length of the cyclic prefix of the first preamble, T SEQ is the length of the sequence in the first preamble, is the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the target pattern.

[0248] In this way, the first terminal node can perform signal mapping in combination with the frequency domain starting position of the access channel and the characteristics of the first preamble code, so that the terminal node can complete uplink synchronization with the management node based on the access channel.

[0249] The sequence in the embodiment of the present application may be a ZC (Zaddoff Chu) sequence, or other possible sequences, without limitation.

[0250] In one possible implementation, the method provided in FIG4 may further include:

[0251] S403: The management node sends an access response message. Correspondingly, the first terminal node receives the access response message.

[0252] The access response message includes timing advance information, where the timing advance information is determined based on the first preamble code and is used for uplink synchronization of the first terminal node.

[0253] In this way, the first terminal node can obtain the timing advance information, thereby achieving uplink synchronization.

[0254] In the case where the first terminal node accesses the network for the first time, the timing advance information may include the timing advance (TA). In the case where the first terminal node accesses the network based on a resource request, the timing advance information may include a timing advance offset (which may be a positive or negative number), or an adjustment to the timing advance. The timing advance may also be referred to as the timing advance amount.

[0255] Design 1, the principle of determining the first time-frequency resource.

[0256] The resource configuration information also includes information for indicating one or more of the following: a resource period for contention access and a superframe offset corresponding to the access resource.

[0257] The resource period for contention access refers to the configured period for contention access resources. For example, the value range of the resource period for contention access is 1 to 65536 superframes.

[0258] The superframe offset corresponding to the access resource, i.e., the superframe in which the first access resource set in the resource period for contention access indicated by the resource configuration information resides, ranges from 1 to 65,536 superframes. The superframe offset corresponding to the access resource is less than the resource period for contention access. Based on the resource period for contention access and the superframe offset corresponding to the access resource, the superframe in which the first access resource set in the resource period for contention access indicated by the resource configuration information resides, i.e., the first superframe, can be determined.

[0259] In one possible implementation, the symbols occupied by the first access resource set in the first superframe are related to the frame type of the first superframe and the pattern of the first preamble. In other words, the time domain resources occupied by the access resource set in the resource period for competitive access indicated by the resource configuration information are determined based on the frame type of the first superframe, the pattern of the first preamble, and a second correspondence. The second correspondence includes a correspondence between at least one combination of the frame type of the superframe and the pattern of the preamble and the time domain resources occupied by the access resource set. Among them, one combination of the frame type of the superframe and the pattern of the preamble corresponds to one access resource set.

[0260] In one possible implementation, the first superframe includes N symbols, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. If the combination of the frame type and preamble pattern of the first superframe meets a first condition, then the time domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period for contention access indicated by the resource configuration information include at least one symbol of the N symbols, and at least one symbol is continuous. The first condition includes one of the following: the frame type of the first superframe is the first frame type, and the first preamble pattern is the first preamble pattern. Alternatively, the frame type of the first superframe is the first frame type, and the first preamble pattern is the second preamble pattern. Alternatively, the frame type of the first superframe is the second frame type, and the first preamble pattern is the first preamble pattern. Alternatively, the frame type of the first superframe is the second frame type, and the first preamble pattern is the second preamble pattern. Alternatively, the frame type of the first superframe is the third frame type, and the first preamble pattern is the first preamble pattern. Alternatively, the frame type of the first superframe is the third frame type, and the first preamble pattern is the second preamble pattern.

[0261] In this case, in one possible implementation, as shown in Table 6, the second correspondence includes one or more of the following: a correspondence between the combination of the first frame type and the first preamble pattern and frequency domain resource #0, a correspondence between the combination of the first frame type and the second preamble pattern and time domain resource set #1, a correspondence between the second frame type and the first preamble pattern and time domain resource #2, a correspondence between the second frame type and the second preamble pattern and time domain resource #3, a correspondence between the third frame type and the first preamble pattern and time domain resource #4, or a correspondence between the third frame type and the second preamble pattern and time domain resource #5. It can also be understood that the second correspondence may include at least one correspondence shown in Table 7 below.

[0262] Table 7

[0263] In a possible implementation, the time-domain resources occupied by the first access resource set include the nth symbol to the Nth symbol among N symbols, where both N and n are positive integers, and 0 < n <= N. In other words, the symbols occupied by the first access resource set are the last N - n + 1 symbols in the first superframe.

[0264] The time-domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period of contention access indicated by the resource configuration information are respectively illustrated below in conjunction with the first frame type, the second frame type, and the third frame type.

[0265] As shown in FIG. 5, when the frame type of the first superframe is the first frame type, if the pattern of the first preamble is the first preamble pattern, the time-domain resources occupied by the access resource set in the resource period of contention access indicated by the resource configuration information may be the last 1 symbol in the first superframe, that is, the Nth symbol. If the pattern of the preamble in the resource period of contention access indicated by the resource configuration information is the second preamble pattern, the time-domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period of contention access indicated by the resource configuration information may be the last 3 symbols in the first superframe, that is, the (N - 2)th symbol, the (N - 1)th symbol, and the Nth symbol.

[0266] As shown in FIG. 6, when the frame type of the first superframe is the second frame type, if the pattern of the first preamble is the first preamble pattern, the time-domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period of contention access indicated by the resource configuration information may be the last 1 symbol in the first superframe, that is, the Nth symbol. If the pattern of the first preamble is the second preamble pattern, the time-domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period of contention access indicated by the resource configuration information may be the last 3 symbols in the first superframe, that is, the (N - 2)th symbol, the (N - 1)th symbol, and the Nth symbol.

[0267] As shown in FIG. 7, when the type of the first superframe is the third frame type, if the pattern of the first preamble is the first preamble pattern, the time-domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period of contention access indicated by the resource configuration information may be the last 1 symbol in the first superframe, that is, the Nth symbol. If the pattern of the first preamble is the second preamble pattern, the time-domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period of contention access indicated by the resource configuration information may be the last 3 symbols in the first superframe, that is, the (N - 2)th symbol, the (N - 1)th symbol, and the Nth symbol.

[0268] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the nth symbol refers to the symbol with a symbol index of n - 1.

[0269] In a possible implementation, the above second correspondence relationship may be configured by a management node or pre-stored in a terminal node and a management node.

[0270] In a possible implementation, the first superframe includes M first frames, each of the M first frames includes multiple symbols, M is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than 48. If the frame type of the superframe and the preamble pattern satisfy the second condition, the time-domain resources occupied by the first access resource set include at least one of the M first frames, and the symbols in at least one of the first frames are continuous. Among them, the second condition includes one of the following items: the frame type of the first superframe is the first frame type, and the pattern of the first preamble is the third preamble pattern. Or, the frame type of the first superframe is the first frame type, and the pattern of the first preamble is the fourth preamble pattern. Or, the frame type of the first superframe is the second frame type, and the pattern of the first preamble is the third preamble pattern.

[0271] In this case, in a possible implementation, as shown in Table 7, the second correspondence includes one or more of the following: the correspondence between the combination of the first frame type and the third preamble pattern and the time-domain resource #6, the correspondence between the combination of the first frame type and the fourth preamble pattern and the time-domain resource #7, or the correspondence between the second frame type and the third preamble and the time-domain resource #8. It can also be understood that the second correspondence can include at least one of the correspondences shown in Table 8 below.

[0272] Table 8

[0273] It should be understood that the second correspondence can include both the correspondence in Table 6 above and the correspondence in Table 7.

[0274] In a possible implementation, the time-domain resources occupied by the access resource set in the resource cycle of contention access indicated by the resource configuration information include the symbols from the m-th first frame to the M-th first frame among the M first frames, m is a positive integer, and 0 < m <= M. In other words, the first access resource set occupies the (M - m + 1)-th first frame in the first superframe.

[0275] Combined with the fact that the above superframe can include 8 first frames, in a possible implementation, M = 8.

[0276] The following respectively gives examples in combination with the first frame type, the second frame type, and the third frame type to illustrate the time-domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource cycle of contention access indicated by the resource configuration information.

[0277] As shown in Figure 8, when the type of the first superframe is the first frame type, if the pattern of the first preamble is the third preamble pattern, the time domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period for contention access indicated by the resource configuration information may be the M-1th first frame and the Mth first frame, that is, the time domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period for contention access indicated by the resource configuration information are the last two first frames in the first superframe. If the pattern of the first preamble is the fourth preamble pattern, the time domain resources occupied by the access resource set in the resource period for contention access indicated by the resource configuration information may be the M-2th first frame to the Mth first frame, that is, the time domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period for contention access indicated by the resource configuration information are the last three first frames in the first superframe.

[0278] As shown in Figure 9, when the type of the first superframe is the second frame type, if the style of the first preamble code is the third preamble code style, the time domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period for competitive access indicated by the resource configuration information can be the M-2th first frame to the Mth first frame, that is, the time domain resources occupied by the first access resource set in the resource period for competitive access indicated by the resource configuration information are the last two first frames in the first superframe.

[0279] It should be understood that in the second corresponding relationship, the access resource sets corresponding to different combinations of superframe frame types and preamble patterns may be the same or different.

[0280] In some possible implementations, the second correspondence may also be configured (or stored) on the terminal node, and configured (or stored) on the management node.

[0281] In one possible implementation, the first access resource set in the resource period for competitive access indicated by the resource configuration information occupies P subcarrier groups in the first superframe, where P is a positive integer, wherein each of the P subcarrier groups includes multiple consecutive subcarriers, and the subcarriers in the P subcarrier groups are consecutive.

[0282] Taking a management node's example of a carrier used for communication, including 156 subcarriers from subcarrier #0 to subcarrier #155, and assuming that every 39 consecutive subcarriers constitute a subcarrier group, as shown in Figure 10, the carrier includes a total of four subcarrier groups, namely subcarrier group #0 to subcarrier group #3. Subcarrier group #0 includes subcarrier #0 to subcarrier #38, subcarrier group #1 includes subcarrier #39 to subcarrier #77, subcarrier group #2 includes subcarrier #78 to subcarrier #116, and subcarrier group #3 includes subcarrier #117 to subcarrier #155. In this case, the first access resource set can occupy one subcarrier group (P = 1). For example, the subcarrier group occupied by the first access resource set can be subcarrier group #0, subcarrier group #1, subcarrier group #2, or subcarrier group #3. Alternatively, the first access resource set can occupy two subcarrier groups (P = 1). For example, the subcarrier groups occupied by the first access resource set may be subcarrier group #0 and subcarrier group #1, subcarrier group #1 and subcarrier group #2, subcarrier group #2 and subcarrier group #3. Alternatively, the first access resource set may occupy 3 subcarrier groups (P=1). For example, the subcarrier groups occupied by the first access resource set may be subcarrier group #0, subcarrier group #1 and subcarrier group #2, or subcarrier group #1, subcarrier group #2 and subcarrier group #3. Alternatively, the first access resource set may occupy 2 subcarrier groups (P=1). For example, the subcarrier groups occupied by the first access resource set may be subcarrier group #0 to subcarrier group #3.

[0283] The first time-frequency resource is a resource in the first access resource set. In one possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource occupies at least one subcarrier group among P subcarrier groups, where the subcarriers in at least one subcarrier group are contiguous. Furthermore, the time domain resources occupied by the first time-frequency resource are a portion of the time domain resources occupied by the first access resource set.

[0284] Among them, the subcarrier may also be called a frequency domain unit or other possible names, and the subcarrier group may also be called a frequency domain unit group or other possible names, which are not described in detail.

[0285] In some possible implementations, the system message may also include a non-contention access resource period. The access resources within the non-contention access resource period include a set of first access resources indicated by resource configuration information in each contention access period within the non-contention access period. In a non-contention access scenario, the first time-frequency resources are resources within the access resources within the non-contention access resource period.

[0286] Design 2, principle of determining the first preamble code.

[0287] In some possible implementations, each of the at least one configuration information may further include one or more of the following:

[0288] The serial number u of the root sequence. Optionally, u is in the range [0, 511].

[0289] Cyclic shift value. Optionally, the cyclic shift value is in the range [0, 511].

[0290] The number of preamble sequences used for contention access. Optionally, the number of preamble sequences used for contention access ranges from [0, 64].

[0291] The first terminal node may obtain the sequence length of the preamble code in the first preamble code set according to the first corresponding relationship and the target pattern.

[0292] The first terminal node can generate the root sequence corresponding to the first preamble code set according to the sequence number u of the root sequence in the system message and the sequence length of the preamble code in the first preamble code set, that is, the sequence after the sequence with the root index u is cyclically shifted.

[0293] The root sequence corresponding to the first preamble set satisfies the relationship described in the following formula (2):

[0294] Among them, x u (i) represents the i-th element in the root sequence. Where i=0,1,…,L RA -1.

[0295] By cyclically shifting the root sequence corresponding to the first preamble set according to the cyclic shift value indicated in the system message and the number of preambles in the first preamble set, multiple preambles can be obtained. The sequences obtained by each cyclic shift of the root sequence corresponding to the first preamble set satisfy the relationship shown in the following formula (3):

[0296] x u,v (n) = x u ((n+C v )mod L RA ); (3)

[0297] C v is the cyclic shift value.

[0298] A portion of the multiple preambles is used for contention access, and another portion of the multiple preambles is used for non-contention access. In a contention access procedure, the first preamble set is the set of preambles used for contention access among the multiple preambles. In a non-contention access procedure, the first preamble set is the set of preambles used for non-contention access among the multiple preambles. The first preamble is a preamble in the first preamble set.

[0299] It should be understood that the above scheme for determining the first time-frequency resource and the first preamble code is only used as an example. In actual implementation, there may be other possible implementation methods, which will not be described in detail.

[0300] In some possible implementations, when the communication method provided in FIG4 is a contention access process, the method provided in FIG4 may further include a conflict resolution process. For the conflict resolution process, reference may be made to the relevant introduction of the following design 3.

[0301] Design 3, the method provided in FIG4 may further include:

[0302] S404: The terminal node sends a conflict resolution request message, and the management node receives the conflict resolution request message accordingly.

[0303] The first resource may be configured by the management node, and the conflict resolution request message includes a conflict resolution identifier of the first terminal node, that is, an identifier used by the first terminal node for conflict resolution.

[0304] S405: The management node sends a conflict resolution response message. Correspondingly, the first terminal node receives the conflict resolution response message.

[0305] The conflict resolution message is used to indicate whether the terminal node has successfully accessed the network. For example, the conflict resolution message may include a conflict resolution identifier of the terminal node that successfully accessed the network. The first terminal node that receives the conflict resolution message can determine whether it has successfully accessed the network based on whether the conflict resolution message includes the first terminal node's conflict resolution identifier. If the conflict resolution message includes the first terminal node's conflict resolution identifier, the first terminal node has successfully accessed the network. If the conflict resolution message does not include the first terminal node's conflict resolution identifier, the first terminal node has not successfully accessed the network.

[0306] In the embodiment of the present application, the first preamble pattern may also be referred to as pattern 1 or format 1 (format 1), the second preamble pattern may also be referred to as pattern 2 or format 2 (format 2), the third preamble pattern may also be referred to as pattern 3 or format 3 (format 3), and the fourth preamble pattern may also be referred to as pattern 4 or format 4 (format 4). The access request message may also have other names, such as the first message, message one (message 1, Msg1), the access response message may also have other names, such as the second message, message two (message 2, Msg2), the conflict resolution request message may also have other names, such as the third message, message three (message 3, Msg3), and the conflict resolution response message may also have other names, such as the fourth message, message four (message 4, Msg4).

[0307] Based on the communication method provided in FIG4 , a first correspondence can be configured in the first terminal node, comprising a correspondence between each of a plurality of preamble patterns and the bandwidth of the access channel. The first terminal node can receive a system message and send an access request message. The preamble pattern in the access request message is a target pattern. This allows the management node to configure a preamble pattern for the first terminal node that matches the first terminal node's bandwidth requirements, thus adapting to a wider range of application scenarios.

[0308] In one possible implementation, the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a star flash system.

[0309] In the embodiments of the present application, Bluetooth (BT) and Bluetooth low energy (BLE) may refer to each other. Sparklink or nearlink may both be overlapping networking modes for multiple piconets, and may both use the 2.4 GHz frequency band and frequency hopping technology, with similar features. Sparklink low energy (SLE), Sparklink basic (SLB), or Sparklink position (SLP) may also refer to each other.

[0310] Some embodiments of the solutions provided by this application are introduced below.

[0311] Example 1:

[0312] Both Bluetooth (BT) and SparkLink (or NearLink) can form overlapping piconets. Both utilize the 2.4 GHz frequency band and frequency hopping technology, sharing similarities. This allows for the reuse of some modules, saving chip cost, area, and power consumption. This allows for a high degree of chip resource reuse and rapid iteration across multiple chips.

[0313] BLE and SLE can share a set of radio frequency architecture and channels. As shown in Figure 11, a chip architecture schematic diagram is provided for an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from Figure 11, through design, it is possible to achieve resource sharing of the central processing unit (CPU), radio frequency (RF) unit), analog baseband (ABB) unit, or modem, and reuse of some modules of the media access control (MAC) layer, thereby saving chip area, reducing chip cost and power consumption. As shown in Figure 12, another chip architecture schematic diagram is provided for an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from Figure 12, the MAC units of BT, SLE and wireless fidelity (WIFI) are implemented independently, and the RF units and Modem units of each mode are all shared. As shown in Figure 13, another chip architecture schematic diagram is provided for an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from Figure 13, the MAC units of BT, SLE and WIFI are implemented independently, and the Modems of BT, SLE and WIFI are also implemented independently, and the RF units of each mode are all shared. Figure 14 shows another chip architecture diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 14, the MAC units of BT, SLE, and WIFI are implemented independently, while some modes, such as BT and SLE, share a common modem. Other modes, such as WIFI, have their own independent modem implementations, while all RFs are shared across all modes.

[0314] Example 2:

[0315] SLE chips can be manufactured using 14 / 28 / 40nm processes and packaged in chip size packages (CSP), ball grid array (BGA), and quad flat no-lead (QFN), with either internal or external flash memory. Depending on the application scenario, at least one of the following subsystems, including a power management unit (PMU), clock management unit (CMU), active optical network (AON), wireless local area network (WLAN) or Bluetooth, SLE, global navigation satellite system (GNSS), application (APP), and audio, can be integrated onto a single chip, minimizing area, maximizing functionality, and improving performance and reliability.

[0316] The present application provides a chip design method in which the SLE and other subsystems are integrated on a single chip. The subsystems of the chip can be tailored and combined according to different products, and different subsystems are connected via a bus.

[0317] As shown in Figure 15, a schematic diagram of a chip module framework provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in Figure 15, for products that require functional modules such as WIFI or GNSS and need to connect to Bluetooth and Star Flash devices, BT and SLE can be divided into different systems, and then combined with WIFI System, GNSS System, Always On System, PMU, CMU, Flash memory, etc. on a single chip. Different subsystems are connected through a bus.

[0318] Figure 16 shows another schematic diagram of a chip module framework provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 16, for devices that do not require functional modules such as Wi-Fi or GNSS but require audio functions, in order to save area and cost, BLE and SLE can be combined into one subsystem, which can then be combined with the App System, Audio System, Always On System, PMU, CMU, Flash, etc. on a single chip. The different subsystems are connected via a bus.

[0319] Figure 17 shows another schematic diagram of a chip module framework provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 17, for devices that do not require functional modules such as Wi-Fi or GNSS, nor audio functions, to save area and cost, BLE and SLE can be combined into one subsystem, which can then be combined with the Always On System, CMU, PMU, Flash, etc. on a single chip, with the different subsystems connected via a bus.

[0320] Example 3:

[0321] The WiFi 2.4G frequency band is 2412-2472MHz, while the BT / BLE / SLE frequency band is 2402-2480MHz, potentially interfering with each other. SLE and BT / BLE within the same core can be allocated service time slots through software scheduling, but SLE and BT / BLE / WiFi on different cores lack unified scheduling.

[0322] The embodiment of the present application provides a coexistence solution for SLE / BT / BLE / WIFI. Depending on whether SLE and BT / BLE / WIFI share the same antenna, the coexistence scenario is divided into different antenna coexistence (using different antennas) and shared antenna coexistence (using the same antenna), and different coexistence strategies are given.

[0323] For heterogeneous antenna coexistence, if SLE and BT / BLE coexist, the transmit and receive frequencies of SLE and BT / BLE can be kept different (i.e., frequency division multiplexing). The software can handle this based on the frequency hopping sequence (i.e., code division multiplexing), service cycle, and interval (i.e., time division multiplexing). If SLE and Wi-Fi coexist, if isolation cannot meet the requirements, it is necessary to avoid the WLAN channel (i.e., channel avoidance) to reduce the impact of WLAN. At the same time, an aggregation scheduling mechanism can be added to aggregate and send Wi-Fi data packets (i.e., aggregation scheduling) to reduce the possibility of WLAN interference.

[0324] For coexistence using the same antenna, either a software static strategy or a hardware packet traffic arbitration (PTA) strategy can be used. The advantages of the software static strategy include minimal hardware requirements, minimal software modifications, and no dynamic radio frequency (RF) switching (such as RF recovery). The advantages of the PTA strategy include faster service state switching and finer switching time granularity.

[0325] Taking the coexistence of SLE and Wi-Fi as an example, Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of the framework of a software static policy provided by an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from Figure 18, the software static policy may include: after SLE is started, the host (HOST) is configured through software to notify Wi-Fi to exit the current RF path. In this scenario, Wi-Fi can check the SLE startup flag, and the software can set it to switch from the current RF path to another RF path. The chip needs to support software setting switching.

[0326] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG19, a schematic diagram of the framework of a hardware arbitration time division (PTA) strategy provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. As can be seen from FIG19, the hardware arbitration time division (PTA) strategy includes: any combination of transmission (TX) and reception (RX) of each party is time-divided, and the PTA module will transmit the occupancy status of the radio frequency channel to each party respectively, using different level signals to indicate that the radio frequency channel is occupied by SLE / BT / BLE / WIFI, and this signal is used to notify the software or hardware to perform the corresponding processing. Different services can also set different PTA priorities, and high-priority services can seize air interface resources.

[0327] Example 4:

[0328] The Star Flash standard defines asynchronous and synchronous data links. Asynchronous links are divided into asynchronous unicast and multicast, and synchronous links are divided into synchronous unicast, multicast, and broadcast. This embodiment of the application designs a set of SLE link selection schemes based on the different real-time data requirements of different products. By connecting different devices in different scenarios, different data links can be used to support the needs of different product application scenarios.

[0329] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of a link establishment process according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 20 , after a terminal node sends a broadcast packet to a management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, an asynchronous unicast link is established between the management node and the terminal node, and data is transmitted over the established asynchronous unicast link.

[0330] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 21, after the terminal node sends a broadcast packet to the management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, an asynchronous multicast link is established between the management node and the terminal node, and data is transmitted over the established asynchronous multicast link.

[0331] For products that do not require real-time data (such as non-audio devices such as keyboards, mice, and styluses) or services (that is, the delay requirement of the product or service (also called service delay) is greater than the first value), an asynchronous unicast link as shown in Figure 20 or an asynchronous multicast link as shown in Figure 21 can be established for data transmission.

[0332] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 22, after the terminal node sends a broadcast packet to the management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, the management node and the terminal node first establish an asynchronous unicast link, then establish a synchronous unicast link, and transmit data over the established synchronous unicast link.

[0333] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 23, after the terminal node sends a broadcast packet to the management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, an asynchronous unicast link is first established between the management node and the terminal node, followed by a synchronous multicast link, and data is transmitted over the established synchronous multicast link.

[0334] For products (such as audio devices such as headphones and microphones) or services with real-time data requirements (that is, the delay requirement of the product or service is less than the second value), as shown in Figure 22 or Figure 23, an asynchronous unicast link can be established first, and then a synchronous unicast link or a synchronous multicast link can be established for data transmission.

[0335] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 24, after the terminal node sends a broadcast packet to the management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, an asynchronous unicast link is established between the management node and the terminal node, and data transmission is performed after synchronization is achieved by adding timestamps to the data packets.

[0336] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 25, after the terminal node sends a broadcast packet to the management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, an asynchronous multicast link is established between the management node and the terminal node, and data transmission is performed after synchronization is achieved by adding timestamps to the data packets.

[0337] For products (such as audio devices such as headsets and live microphones) or services that have data real-time requirements but not particularly high real-time requirements (that is, the delay requirement of the product or service is less than the first value and greater than the second value), asynchronous unicast or asynchronous multicast links can also be established to achieve synchronization by adding timestamps to data packets.

[0338] Embodiment 5:

[0339] As shown in Figure 26, the StarFlash protocol defines four different radio frame types. Each frame format corresponds to different sensitivity, frame length, modulation mode, and synchronization sequence. Physical layer parameter negotiation can be used to select different frame formats in different scenarios to maximize performance benefits. The following examples provide examples of selecting different frame formats in different scenarios.

[0340] Figure 27 shows an example of a frame format application in a scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application. For low-latency products (such as keyboards, mice, styluses, toothbrushes, microphones, etc.) or business scenarios (i.e., products or services requiring a latency less than the first duration), frame format 1 is selected for broadcast access. After entering the connected state, frame format 2 is switched through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0341] As shown in Figure 28, an example of frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. Among them, for products (such as mobile phones, headphone audio) or business scenarios that have both low latency (i.e., the latency requirement of the product or service is less than the first duration) and anti-interference demands (i.e., the anti-interference capability requirement of the product or service is greater than the set threshold), frame format 1 is selected for broadcast access, and after entering the connected state, it is switched to frame format 2 or frame format 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0342] As shown in Figure 29, an example of frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. For extremely low-cost devices that only support Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) frame format (GFSK has a higher maximum transmit power than phase shift keying (PSK)), or devices that are sensitive to maximum transmit power (i.e., the maximum transmit power must be greater than a first power threshold), frame format 1 is selected for broadcast access, and no frame format switching is performed subsequently.

[0343] As shown in Figure 30, an example of frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. For the ultra-long-distance coverage scenario of the Internet of Things (IoT), frame format 4 is selected for broadcasting and connection. When the distance is shortened, frame format 2 or 3 can be switched through physical layer parameter negotiation. Otherwise, frame format 4 is maintained.

[0344] It should be noted that the frame format one in the embodiment of the present application can also be called the frame format corresponding to the Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 1, the frame format two in the embodiment of the present application can also be called the frame format corresponding to the Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 2, the frame format three in the embodiment of the present application can also be called the frame format corresponding to the Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 3, and the frame format four in the embodiment of the present application can also be called the frame format corresponding to the Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 4.

[0345] The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail above in conjunction with Figures 4 to 30. The communication device for executing the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 31 and 32.

[0346] For example, Figure 31 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the communication device 3100 is located within the coverage distance of the management node, and a first correspondence is configured in the communication device 3100, wherein the first correspondence includes a correspondence between the preamble code of each preamble code pattern in a plurality of preamble code patterns and the bandwidth of the access channel; at least two preamble code patterns in the plurality of preamble code patterns have different bandwidths of the access channels corresponding to each of the preamble code patterns; the communication device 3100 is used to implement the transmission of star flash signals, including: a module for receiving a system message; the system message includes information for indicating a target pattern, the target pattern being a preamble code pattern in a plurality of preamble code patterns; a module for sending an access request message; the access request message includes a first preamble code, the first preamble code is used for the first terminal node to access the network, and the pattern of the first preamble code is the target pattern; wherein the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code is determined by the first terminal node according to the target pattern and the first correspondence.

[0347] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3100 may further include a module for generating an access request message.

[0348] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3100 further includes: a module for receiving an access response message; the access response message includes timing advance information, the timing advance information is determined based on the first preamble code, and the timing advance information is used for uplink synchronization of the first terminal node.

[0349] The module for receiving the system message may be the communication module 3101 ; the module for sending the access request message may be the communication module 3101 ; and the module for receiving the access response message may be the communication module 3101 .

[0350] It should be understood that the above-mentioned communication module 3101 may include a receiving unit (not shown in Figure 31) and a sending unit (not shown in Figure 31), wherein the above-mentioned module for receiving system messages may be a receiving unit, the above-mentioned module for sending access request messages may be a sending unit, and the above-mentioned module for receiving access response messages may be a receiving unit.

[0351] The module for generating the access request message may be the processing module 3102 .

[0352] The communication module 3101 and the processing module 3102 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module at the same time; or, the communication module 3101 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module, and the processing module 3102 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in other modules of the module where the processing module 3102 is located; or, the processing module 3102 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module, and the communication module 3101 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in other modules of the module where the processing module 3102 is located. The embodiment of the present application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0353] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals, and at least one of the Star Flash module, Bluetooth module and WiFi module shares at least one of the RF unit, modem unit, MAC unit and CPU.

[0354] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals, but does not support the transmission of WiFi signals. The Star Flash module and the Bluetooth module are located in the same subsystem of the communication device 3100, and the subsystem and PMU are integrated in the communication device 3100.

[0355] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth modules or WiFi modules coexists and communicates with the Star Flash module through different antennas, and the coexistence strategy is channel avoidance.

[0356] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is further used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the link corresponding to the opposite device and / or the service for data transmission according to the link selection strategy.

[0357] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, including: determining the type of the opposite device, the type of the opposite device including an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the opposite device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the opposite device.

[0358] In another possible implementation, the link selection strategy includes: when the delay requirement is greater than a first value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link before performing data transmission; or, when the delay requirement is less than the first value and greater than a second value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link, achieving synchronization by adding timestamps to data packets, and then performing data transmission; or, when the delay requirement is less than the second value, first establishing an asynchronous unicast link, and then establishing a synchronous unicast link or a synchronous multicast link before performing data transmission.

[0359] In another possible implementation, when the communication device 3100 is a non-audio device, the communication device 3100 is further configured to: transmit data via an asynchronous unicast or asynchronous multicast link.

[0360] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the frame format type corresponding to the type of the opposite device and / or the service type of the opposite device according to the frame format selection strategy; wherein the frame format type includes Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 1, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 2, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 3 or Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 4.

[0361] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, including: determining the type of the opposite device, the type of the opposite device including an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the opposite device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the opposite device.

[0362] In another possible implementation, the above-mentioned frame format selection strategy includes: when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 through physical layer parameter negotiation after the connection state; or, when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration and the service anti-interference capability requirement is greater than the set threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation after entering the connection state; or, when the type of the opposite device is a device that only supports Star Flash wireless frame type 1, or a device with a maximum transmission power greater than the first power threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access; or, when the service type of the opposite device is IOT ultra-long-distance coverage service, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is greater than the first threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 4 for broadcast and connection, or, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is less than or equal to the first threshold, switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0363] In another possible implementation, when the communication device 3100 is a non-audio device, the communication device 3100 is also used to: select Starflash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and after entering the connection state, switch to Starflash wireless frame type 2 for data transmission through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0364] In other possible embodiments, a first correspondence is configured in the communication device 3100, and the first correspondence includes a correspondence between each preamble code pattern in multiple preamble code patterns and the bandwidth of the access channel; there are at least two preamble code patterns in the multiple preamble code patterns, and the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to each of them is different; the communication device 3100 is used to realize the transmission of star flash signals, including: a module for sending system messages; the system message includes information for indicating a target pattern, and the target pattern is a preamble code pattern in multiple preamble code patterns; a module for receiving an access request message; the access request message includes a first preamble code, and the first preamble code is used for the first terminal node to access the network, and the pattern of the first preamble code is a target pattern; wherein, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code is determined by the first terminal node based on the target pattern and the first correspondence.

[0365] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3100 further includes a module for generating a system message.

[0366] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3100 also includes: a module for sending an access response message; the access response message includes timing advance information, the timing advance information is determined based on the first preamble code, and the timing advance information is used for the first terminal node to perform uplink synchronization.

[0367] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3100 further includes a module for generating an access response message.

[0368] The module for sending the system message may be the communication module 3101 ; the module for receiving the access request message may be the communication module 3101 ; and the module for sending the access response message may be the communication module 3101 .

[0369] It should be understood that the above-mentioned communication module 3101 may include a receiving unit and a sending unit, wherein the above-mentioned module for receiving the access request message may be a receiving unit, the above-mentioned module for sending the system message may be a sending unit, and the above-mentioned module for sending the access response message may be a sending unit.

[0370] The module for generating the access response message may be the processing module 3102. The module for generating the system message may be the processing module 3102.

[0371] The communication module 3101 and the processing module 3102 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module at the same time; or, the communication module 3101 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module, and the processing module 3102 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in other modules of the module where the processing module 3102 is located; or, the processing module 3102 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module, and the communication module 3101 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in other modules of the module where the processing module 3102 is located. The embodiment of the present application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0372] In another possible implementation, the above-mentioned communication device 3100 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals, and at least one of the Star Flash module, Bluetooth module and WiFi module shares at least one of the RF unit, modem unit, MAC unit and CPU.

[0373] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals, but does not support the transmission of WiFi signals. The Star Flash module and the Bluetooth module are located in the same subsystem of the communication device 3100, and the subsystem and PMU are integrated in the communication device 3100.

[0374] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth modules or WiFi modules coexists and communicates with the Star Flash module through different antennas, and the coexistence strategy is channel avoidance.

[0375] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is further used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the link corresponding to the opposite device and / or the service for data transmission according to the link selection strategy.

[0376] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, including: determining the type of the opposite device, the type of the opposite device including an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the opposite device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the opposite device.

[0377] In another possible implementation, the link selection strategy includes: when the delay requirement is greater than a first value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link before performing data transmission; or, when the delay requirement is less than the first value and greater than a second value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link, achieving synchronization by adding timestamps to data packets, and then performing data transmission; or, when the delay requirement is less than the second value, first establishing an asynchronous unicast link, and then establishing a synchronous unicast link or a synchronous multicast link before performing data transmission.

[0378] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is further configured to: determine the type of the peer device and / or the service delay of the peer device, and determine the frame format type corresponding to the type of the peer device and / or the service type of the peer device according to the frame format selection strategy. The frame format type includes Starflash Wireless Frame Type 1, Starflash Wireless Frame Type 2, Starflash Wireless Frame Type 3, or Starflash Wireless Frame Type 4.

[0379] In another possible implementation, the communication device 3100 is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, including: determining the type of the opposite device, the type of the opposite device including an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the opposite device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the opposite device.

[0380] In another possible implementation, the above-mentioned frame format selection strategy includes: when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 through physical layer parameter negotiation after the connection state; or, when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration and the service anti-interference capability requirement is greater than the set threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation after entering the connection state; or, when the type of the opposite device is a device that only supports Star Flash wireless frame type 1, or a device with a maximum transmission power greater than the first power threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access; or, when the service type of the opposite device is IOT ultra-long-distance coverage service, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is greater than the first threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 4 for broadcast and connection, or, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is less than or equal to the first threshold, switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0381] In addition, the technical effects of the communication device 3100 can refer to the technical effects of the communication method shown in any one of Figure 4, and will not be repeated here.

[0382] For example, FIG32 is a second structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device may be a terminal node or a management node, or may be a chip (system) or other component or assembly that can be provided in a terminal node or a management node. As shown in FIG32 , the communication device 3200 may include a processor 3201. Optionally, the communication device 3200 may further include a memory 3202 and / or a transceiver 3203. The processor 3201 is coupled to the memory 3202 and the transceiver 3203, such as by a communication bus.

[0383] The following is a detailed introduction to the various components of the communication device 3200 with reference to FIG32:

[0384] The processor 3201 is the control center of the communication device 3200 and can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 3201 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0385] Optionally, the processor 3201 may execute various functions of the communication device 3200 by running or executing a software program stored in the memory 3202 and calling data stored in the memory 3202 .

[0386] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 3201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in Figure 32.

[0387] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 3200 may also include multiple processors, such as the processor 3201 and the processor 3204 shown in FIG32 . Each of these processors may be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). The processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0388] Among them, the memory 3202 is used to store the software program for executing the solution of this application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 3201. The specific implementation method can refer to the above method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0389] Alternatively, the memory 3202 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 3202 may be integrated with the processor 3201 or exist independently and be coupled to the processor 3201 via an interface circuit (not shown in FIG. 32 ) of the communication device 3200, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0390] Transceiver 3203 is used for communication with other communication devices. For example, if communication device 3200 is a terminal node, transceiver 3203 can be used to communicate with a management node or another terminal node. For another example, if communication device 3200 is a management node, transceiver 3203 can be used to communicate with a terminal node or another management node.

[0391] Optionally, the transceiver 3203 may include a receiver and a transmitter (not shown separately in FIG32 ), wherein the receiver is used to implement a receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement a sending function.

[0392] Optionally, the transceiver 3203 can be integrated with the processor 3201, or can exist independently and be coupled to the processor 3201 through the interface circuit of the communication device 3200 (not shown in Figure 32). This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0393] It should be noted that the structure of the communication device 3200 shown in Figure 32 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. The actual communication device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0394] In addition, the technical effects of the communication device 3200 can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0395] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a CPU, but may also be other general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0396] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or can include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a ROM, a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an EEPROM, or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a RAM, which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0397] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0398] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein simply describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, the character " / " as used herein generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. For specific understanding, please refer to the context.

[0399] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0400] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0401] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0402] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0403] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0404] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0405] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0406] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0407] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a first terminal node, the first terminal node is located within the coverage distance of the management node, the first terminal node is configured with a first correspondence, the first correspondence including a correspondence between a preamble code of each preamble code pattern in multiple preamble code patterns and a bandwidth of an access channel; At least two of the multiple preamble code patterns have access channel bandwidths corresponding to different preamble code patterns; The method comprises: receiving a system message; the system message including information for indicating a target pattern, the target pattern being a preamble pattern among the multiple preamble patterns; Send an access request message; the access request message includes a first preamble code, the first preamble code is used for the first terminal node to access the network, and the style of the first preamble code is the target style; wherein the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code is determined by the first terminal node according to the target style and the first correspondence.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The multiple preamble code patterns include at least one first type of preamble code pattern and at least one second type of preamble code pattern; wherein the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble code pattern is different from the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble code pattern.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble code pattern is a first bandwidth, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble code pattern is a second bandwidth, and the first bandwidth is greater than the second bandwidth.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The first correspondence also includes a correspondence between each preamble code pattern in the multiple preamble code patterns and the length of the first cyclic prefix, wherein the first cyclic prefix is ​​the cyclic prefix of the access channel, and the lengths of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to different preamble code patterns in the multiple preamble code patterns are different.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Among the first type of preamble code patterns, there is at least one preamble code pattern corresponding to a first cyclic prefix whose length is equal to the length of a second cyclic prefix, and the second cyclic prefix is ​​the cyclic prefix of the control channel and the data channel in the channel between the first terminal node and the management node, except the access channel.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the first type of preamble pattern is smaller than the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the second type of preamble pattern.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that The first correspondence also includes a correspondence between the multiple preamble code patterns and the length of the guard interval after accessing the channel.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble code pattern is smaller than the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble code pattern.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that Among the first type of preamble code patterns, there is at least one preamble code pattern corresponding to a guard interval after accessing the channel whose length is less than or equal to a duration threshold.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The first correspondence also includes a correspondence between each of the multiple preamble code patterns and one or more of the following: a subcarrier spacing of an access channel, a sequence length, an access channel sequence length, and a duration occupied by an access channel.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the target pattern is related to the length of the second cyclic prefix configured on the first terminal node; The second cyclic prefix is ​​a cyclic prefix of a control channel and a data channel, excluding the access channel, among channels between the first terminal node and the management node.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble sent by the first terminal node is determined according to one or more of the following: The length of the sequence in the first preamble code, the cyclic shift value for generating the sequence in the first preamble code, the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, the bandwidth of the interval between the frequency domain starting position of the resources in the access channel used to carry the first preamble code and the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, the ratio of the system subcarrier spacing to the access channel subcarrier spacing, the access channel subcarrier spacing, or the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the target pattern; wherein, the resources in the access channel are used to carry the access request message.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble satisfies the following relationship: Wherein, s(t) is the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble sent by the first terminal node, L RA is the length of the sequence in the first preamble, k represents the kth element of the sequence in the first preamble in the frequency domain, n represents the nth element of the sequence in the first preamble in the time domain, x u,v (n) represents the sequence after cyclic shift of the sequence with root index u, FreqStartInd is the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, is the bandwidth between the frequency domain starting position of the resource used to carry the first preamble code in the access channel and the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, K is the ratio of the system subcarrier spacing to the access channel subcarrier spacing, Δf RA is the access channel subcarrier spacing, t is the time, 0≤t <t CP +T SEQ , t CP is the length of the cyclic prefix of the first preamble, T SEQ is the length of the sequence in the first preamble, is the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the target pattern.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The target pattern is related to one or more of the following: the coverage distance of the management node, the length of the second cyclic prefix of the first terminal node, or the number of second terminal nodes accessing the network through the management node; wherein the second terminal node is a terminal node with uplink service.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The target pattern corresponds to an access type of the first terminal node, wherein the access type of the first terminal node includes first-time network access or network access based on a resource request.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The target pattern corresponds to a quantity of available resources on a carrier used by the first terminal node for communication.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that Among the access channels corresponding to the multiple preamble code patterns, access channels with different bandwidths correspond to different time resolutions; the time resolution is the accuracy of the time advance obtained by the terminal node.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive an access response message; the access response message includes timing advance information, the timing advance information is determined according to the first preamble code, and the timing advance information is used for the first terminal node to perform uplink synchronization.

19. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a management node, wherein a first correspondence is configured in the management node, the first correspondence including a correspondence between each preamble pattern in a plurality of preamble patterns and a bandwidth of an access channel; at least two preamble patterns in the plurality of preamble patterns have respective corresponding access channel bandwidths that are different; The method comprises: Sending a system message; the system message includes information for indicating a target pattern, the target pattern being a preamble pattern among the multiple preamble patterns; Receive an access request message; the access request message includes a first preamble code, the first preamble code is used for the first terminal node to access the network, and the style of the first preamble code is the target style; wherein the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code is determined by the first terminal node based on the target style and the first correspondence.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that The multiple preamble code patterns include at least one first type of preamble code pattern and at least one second type of preamble code pattern; wherein the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble code pattern is different from the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble code pattern.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble code pattern is a first bandwidth, the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble code pattern is a second bandwidth, and the first bandwidth is greater than the second bandwidth.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The first correspondence also includes a correspondence between each preamble code pattern in the multiple preamble code patterns and the length of the first cyclic prefix, wherein the first cyclic prefix is ​​the cyclic prefix of the access channel, and the lengths of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to different preamble code patterns in the multiple preamble code patterns are different.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that Among the first type of preamble code patterns, there is at least one preamble code pattern corresponding to a first cyclic prefix whose length is equal to the length of a second cyclic prefix, and the second cyclic prefix is ​​the cyclic prefix of the control channel and the data channel in the channel between the first terminal node and the management node, except the access channel.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that The length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the first type of preamble pattern is smaller than the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the second type of preamble pattern.

25. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that The first correspondence also includes a correspondence between the multiple preamble code patterns and the length of the guard interval after accessing the channel.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that The length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the first type of preamble code pattern is smaller than the length of the guard interval after the access channel corresponding to the second type of preamble code pattern.

27. The method according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that Among the first type of preamble code patterns, there is at least one preamble code pattern corresponding to a guard interval after accessing the channel whose length is less than or equal to a duration threshold.

28. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 27, characterized in that The first correspondence also includes a correspondence between each of the multiple preamble code patterns and one or more of the following: a subcarrier spacing of an access channel, a sequence length, an access channel sequence length, and a duration occupied by an access channel.

29. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 28, wherein: The bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the target pattern is related to the length of the second cyclic prefix configured on the first terminal node; The second cyclic prefix is ​​a cyclic prefix of a control channel and a data channel, excluding the access channel, among channels between the first terminal node and the management node.

30. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 29, wherein: The time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble sent by the first terminal node is determined according to one or more of the following: The length of the sequence in the first preamble code, the cyclic shift value for generating the sequence in the first preamble code, the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, the bandwidth of the interval between the frequency domain starting position of the resources in the access channel used to carry the first preamble code and the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, the ratio of the system subcarrier spacing to the access channel subcarrier spacing, the access channel subcarrier spacing, or the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the target pattern; wherein, the resources in the access channel are used to carry the access request message.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein The time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble satisfies the following relationship: Wherein, s(t) is the time domain signal of the sequence in the first preamble sent by the first terminal node, L RA is the length of the sequence in the first preamble, k represents the kth element of the sequence in the first preamble in the frequency domain, n represents the nth element of the sequence in the first preamble in the time domain, x u,v (n) represents the sequence after cyclic shift of the sequence with root index u, FreqStartInd is the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, is the bandwidth between the frequency domain starting position of the resource used to carry the first preamble code in the access channel and the frequency domain starting position of the access channel, K is the ratio of the system subcarrier spacing to the access channel subcarrier spacing, Δf RA is the access channel subcarrier spacing, t is the time, 0≤t <t CP +T SEQ , t CP is the length of the cyclic prefix of the first preamble, T SEQ is the length of the sequence in the first preamble, is the length of the first cyclic prefix corresponding to the target pattern.

32. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 31, wherein: The target pattern is related to one or more of the following: the coverage distance of the management node, the length of the second cyclic prefix of the first terminal node, or the number of second terminal nodes accessing the network through the management node; wherein the second terminal node is a terminal node with uplink service.

33. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 31, wherein: The target pattern corresponds to an access type of the first terminal node, wherein the access type of the first terminal node includes first-time network access or network access based on a resource request.

34. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 31, wherein: The target pattern corresponds to a quantity of available resources on a carrier used by the first terminal node for communication.

35. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 34, wherein: Among the access channels corresponding to the multiple preamble code patterns, access channels with different bandwidths correspond to different time resolutions; the time resolution is the accuracy of the time advance obtained by the terminal node.

36. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 25, wherein: The method further comprises: Sending an access response message; the access response message includes timing advance information, the timing advance information is determined according to the first preamble code, and the timing advance information is used for the first terminal node to perform uplink synchronization.

37. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device is located within the coverage distance of the management node, and a first correspondence is configured in the communication device, wherein the first correspondence includes a correspondence between a preamble code of each preamble code pattern in a plurality of preamble code patterns and a bandwidth of an access channel; At least two of the multiple preamble code patterns have access channel bandwidths corresponding to different preamble code patterns; The communication device is used to realize the transmission of star flash signals, including: A module for receiving a system message; the system message includes information for indicating a target pattern, the target pattern being a preamble pattern among the multiple preamble patterns; A module for sending an access request message; the access request message includes a first preamble code, the first preamble code is used for the first terminal node to access the network, and the style of the first preamble code is the target style; wherein the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code is determined by the first terminal node based on the target style and the first correspondence.

38. The communication device according to claim 37, wherein: The communication device further includes: A module for receiving an access response message; the access response message includes timing advance information, the timing advance information is determined according to the first preamble code, and the timing advance information is used for the first terminal node to perform uplink synchronization.

39. The communication device according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that The communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals, and at least one module among the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module and the WiFi module shares a radio frequency RF unit.

40. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device is configured with a first correspondence relationship, wherein the first correspondence relationship includes a correspondence relationship between each preamble code pattern in a plurality of preamble code patterns and a bandwidth of an access channel; At least two of the multiple preamble code patterns have access channel bandwidths corresponding to different preamble code patterns; The communication device is used to realize the transmission of star flash signals, including: A module for sending a system message; the system message includes information for indicating a target pattern, the target pattern being a preamble pattern among the multiple preamble patterns; A module for receiving an access request message; the access request message includes a first preamble code, the first preamble code is used for a first terminal node to access a network, and the pattern of the first preamble code is the target pattern; wherein the bandwidth of the access channel corresponding to the first preamble code is determined by the first terminal node based on the target pattern and the first correspondence.

41. The communication device according to claim 40, wherein: The communication device further includes: A module for sending an access response message; the access response message includes timing advance information, the timing advance information is determined according to the first preamble code, and the timing advance information is used for the first terminal node to perform uplink synchronization.

42. The communication device according to claim 40 or 41, characterized in that The communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals, and at least one module among the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module and the WiFi module shares a radio frequency RF unit.

43. A communication device, characterized in that include: processor; The processor is configured to be coupled to a memory and, after reading instructions from the memory, execute the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 36 according to the instructions.

44. A communication device, characterized in that include: processor and interface circuit; wherein, The interface circuit is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the processor; The processor is configured to execute the code instructions to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 36.

45. A communication device, characterized in that The communication device includes a processor and a transceiver, the transceiver is used to exchange information between the communication device and other communication devices, and the processor executes program instructions to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 36.

46. ​​A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 36.

47. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises: a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 36.

48. A chip system, characterized in that include: At least one processor and a communication interface, wherein the at least one processor is coupled to a memory via the communication interface, and when the at least one processor executes a computer program or instruction in the memory, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 36 is executed.

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