Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus, which can achieve uplink synchronization and can be applied to a communication system. The method comprises: a first terminal node sends an access request message, the access request message comprising a target preamble; and the first terminal node receives an access response message for the access request message. The access response message comprises information used for indicating a first timing advance corresponding to the first terminal node. The first timing advance is determined by a management node on the basis of the target preamble, and the first timing advance is used by the first terminal node for uplink synchronization.

Description

Communication method and communication device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on March 29, 2024, with application number 202410385695.3 and application name “Communication Method and Communication Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and a communication device. Background Art

[0003] In the StarFlash 1.0 protocol, access resources are carried on uplink overhead symbols, which are distributed in a dispersed manner. Therefore, the access identifier carried in the access request message is sent using information modulation. Due to transmission delays between the management node and the terminal node, the access request message will experience transmission delay deviations when it reaches the management node, leading to decoding errors, making transmission delay measurement impossible and uplink synchronization impossible. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and a communication device, which can achieve uplink synchronization.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method is applied to a first terminal node, where the first terminal node operates in an unlicensed frequency band. The communication method includes: the first terminal node sending an access request message. The access request message includes a target preamble. The first terminal node receives an access response message in response to the access request message. The access response message includes information indicating a first timing advance corresponding to the first terminal node. The first timing advance is determined by a management node based on the target preamble, and the first timing advance is used by the first terminal node for uplink synchronization.

[0007] Based on the method provided in the first aspect, the first terminal node can send an access request message and receive an access response message in response to the access request message. Because the access response message carries the first timing advance, the first terminal node can complete uplink synchronization with the management node based on the first timing advance.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the access request message is carried on a first time-frequency resource. This first time-frequency resource is a resource in a target access resource pool, which is a collection of resources used to carry access request messages within a resource period for contention access. The frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is within the unlicensed band. This allows for flexible configuration of resource pools of varying sizes based on the number of terminal nodes in the application scenario, thereby reducing terminal node access conflicts.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the access response message is carried on the second time-frequency resource. Before the first terminal node receives the access response message, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: the first terminal node receiving first downlink control information. The first downlink control information includes first information indicating the second time-frequency resource, and second information; the second information is verification information of the first information scrambled based on the identifier of the first time-frequency resource. In this way, using the identifier of the first time-frequency resource to scramble the verification information in the first downlink control information can reduce complexity.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the access response message also includes one or more of the following information: information identifying the first terminal node within the coverage range of the management node, information indicating the target preamble, or information indicating the resources carrying the conflict resolution request message. The conflict resolution request message includes information for the first terminal node requesting conflict resolution. In this way, the management node and the terminal node complete the process confirmation in the random access process based on the above information, thereby accessing the network.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the access request message is carried on a first time-frequency resource. The first time-frequency resource is a resource in a target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry access request messages within a non-contention access resource period. The frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is within the unlicensed frequency band. This enables non-contention access.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource is determined based on the first identifier of the first terminal node, i.e., the first time-frequency resource is bound to the first identifier of the first terminal node. This prevents multiple terminal nodes with pre-set first identifiers from conflicting during initial access, thereby reducing conflicts.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource satisfies the following relationship: i = mod(PhysID, numY). Here, i is the index of the first time-frequency resource, mod represents a modulo operation, PhysID is the identifier of the first terminal node, and numY is the total number of access resources within the non-contention access resource period. This prevents duplication of access resources determined by different terminal nodes, thereby avoiding conflicts between different terminal nodes during the access process.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the total number of access resources in a non-contention access resource period satisfies the following relationship: Among them, D nonconAccess is the length of the resource cycle for non-contention access, N p N is the number of resource periods for non-contention access on the upper carrier for communication with the first terminal node, f is the number of frequency domain resources configured in the network for network access, and N is the number of preambles configured for contention access in the cell where the first terminal node is located. In this way, the total number of non-contention access resources can be flexibly configured based on the number of terminal nodes within the coverage range of the management node, avoiding access conflicts between different terminal nodes.

[0015] In one possible implementation, before the first terminal node sends the access request message, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: the first terminal node receiving second downlink control information. The second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource. This allows for differentiation between different scenarios.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the second downlink control information further includes information indicating that the first time-frequency resource is available. In this way, non-contention access resources can be reasonably allocated, reducing resource waste.

[0017] In one possible implementation, if at least two preambles indicated by resource configuration information exist in a non-contention access resource period, the target preamble pattern is the preamble pattern with a higher priority among the at least two preamble patterns indicated by the resource configuration information. This ensures access performance for terminal nodes that are far from the management node.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the access response message also includes information indicating a second timing advance corresponding to the second terminal node. The second terminal node is the terminal node that transmits the second preamble on the first time-frequency resource. The second timing advance is determined based on the second preamble and is used for uplink synchronization of the second terminal node. In other words, the timing advances of multiple terminal nodes can be carried in the same access response message, thereby reducing information exchange and thus resource overhead.

[0019] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method is applied to a management node, where the management node operates in an unlicensed frequency band. The communication method includes: the management node receiving an access request message. The access request message includes a target preamble. The management node sends an access response message. The access response message includes information indicating a first timing advance corresponding to a first terminal node. The first timing advance is determined by the management node based on the target preamble, and the first timing advance is used for uplink synchronization of the first terminal node.

[0020] In one possible implementation scheme, the access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, the first time-frequency resource is the resource in the target access resource pool, the target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located in the unlicensed frequency band.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the access response message is carried on the second time-frequency resource. Before the management node sends the access response message, the method provided in the second aspect may further include: the management node sending first downlink control information. The first downlink control information includes first information indicating the second time-frequency resource and second information; the second information is verification information of the first information scrambled based on an identifier of the first time-frequency resource.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the access response message further includes one or more of the following information: information for identifying the first terminal node within the coverage range of the management node, information for indicating a target preamble, and information for indicating resources for carrying the conflict resolution request message. The conflict resolution request message includes information for the first terminal node requesting conflict resolution.

[0023] In one possible implementation scheme, the access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, the first time-frequency resource is the resource in the target access resource pool, the target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a non-competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located in the unlicensed frequency band.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource is determined according to a first identifier of the first terminal node.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource satisfies the following relationship: i = mod(PhysID, numY), where i is the index of the first time-frequency resource, mod represents a modulo operation, PhysID is the identifier of the first terminal node, and numY is the total number of access resources in the non-contention access resource period.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the total number of access resources in a non-contention access resource period satisfies the following relationship: Among them, D nonconAccess is the length of the resource cycle for non-contention access, N p N is the number of resource periods for non-contention access on the upper carrier for communication with the first terminal node, f is the number of frequency domain resources configured in the network for accessing the network, and N is the number of preamble codes configured in the cell where the first terminal node is located for contention access.

[0027] In one possible implementation, before receiving the access request message, the method provided in the second aspect may further include: the management node sending second downlink control information. The second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the second downlink control information further includes information indicating that the first time-frequency resource is available.

[0029] In one possible implementation, if there are at least two preamble codes indicated by resource configuration information in the resource period of non-contention access, the pattern of the target preamble code is the pattern of the preamble code with a higher priority among the patterns of the at least two preamble codes indicated by the resource configuration information.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the access response message further includes information indicating a second timing advance corresponding to the second terminal node. The second terminal node is a terminal node that sends a second preamble on the first time-frequency resource, the second timing advance is determined based on the second preamble, and the second timing advance is used for uplink synchronization of the second terminal node.

[0031] In addition, the technical effects of the communication method described in the second aspect can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0032] According to a third aspect, a communication device is provided. A module is provided for sending an access request message, wherein the access request message includes a target preamble. A module is provided for receiving an access response message, wherein the access response message includes information indicating a first timing advance corresponding to a first terminal node. The first timing advance is determined by a management node based on the target preamble, and is used by the first terminal node for uplink synchronization.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, the first time-frequency resource is the resource in the target access resource pool, the target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located in the unlicensed frequency band.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the access response message is carried on the second time-frequency resource, and the communication device further includes: a module for receiving first downlink control information. The first downlink control information includes first information indicating the second time-frequency resource, and second information. The second information is verification information of the first information scrambled based on an identifier of the first time-frequency resource.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, the first time-frequency resource is the resource in the target access resource pool, the target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a non-competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located in the unlicensed frequency band.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes: a module for receiving second downlink control information, wherein the second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals, and at least one of the Star Flash module, Bluetooth module and WiFi module shares at least one of the RF unit, modem unit, MAC unit and CPU.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals, but does not support the transmission of WiFi signals. The Star Flash module and the Bluetooth module are located in the same subsystem of the communication device, and the subsystem and the power management module PMU are integrated in the communication device.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth modules or WiFi modules coexists and communicates with the Star Flash module through different antennas, and the coexistence strategy is channel avoidance.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the communication device is further used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the link corresponding to the opposite device and / or the service for data transmission according to the link selection strategy.

[0041] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, including: determining the type of the opposite device, the type of the opposite device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the opposite device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the opposite device.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the link selection strategy includes: when the service delay is greater than a first value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link before performing data transmission; or, when the service delay is less than the first value and greater than a second value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link, achieving synchronization by adding timestamps to data packets, and then performing data transmission; or, when the service delay is less than the second value, first establishing an asynchronous unicast link, and then establishing a synchronous unicast link or a synchronous multicast link before performing data transmission.

[0043] In a possible implementation, when the communication device is a non-audio device, the communication device is further configured to: transmit data via an asynchronous unicast or asynchronous multicast link.

[0044] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the frame format type corresponding to the type of the opposite device and / or the service type of the opposite device according to the frame format selection strategy; wherein the frame format type includes Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 1, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 2, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 3 or Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 4.

[0045] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, including: determining the type of the opposite device, the type of the opposite device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the opposite device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the opposite device.

[0046] In one possible implementation scheme, the frame format selection strategy includes: when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 through physical layer parameter negotiation after the connection state; or, when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration and the service anti-interference capability requirement is greater than the set threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation after entering the connection state; or, when the type of the opposite device is a device that only supports wireless frame type 1, or a device with a maximum transmission power greater than the first power threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access; or, when the service type of the opposite device is an Internet of Things (IoT) ultra-long-distance coverage service, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is greater than the first threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 4 for broadcast and connection, or, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is less than or equal to the first threshold, switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0047] In one possible implementation, when the communication device is a non-audio device, the communication device is also used to: select Starflash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and after entering the connection state, switch to Starflash wireless frame type 2 for data transmission through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0048] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is also provided. The communication device operates in an unlicensed frequency band and includes: a module for receiving an access request message, wherein the access request message includes a target preamble; and a module for sending an access response message. The access response message includes information indicating a first timing advance corresponding to a first terminal node. The first timing advance is determined by a management node based on the target preamble, and is used by the first terminal node for uplink synchronization.

[0049] In one possible implementation scheme, the access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, the first time-frequency resource is the resource in the target access resource pool, the target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located in the unlicensed frequency band.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the access response message is carried on the second time-frequency resource, and the communication device further includes: a module for sending first downlink control information. The first downlink control information includes information indicating the second time-frequency resource and second information. The second information is verification information of the first information scrambled based on an identifier of the first time-frequency resource.

[0051] In one possible implementation scheme, the access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, the first time-frequency resource is the resource in the target access resource pool, the target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a non-competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located in the unlicensed frequency band.

[0052] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes: a module for sending second downlink control information, wherein the second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals, and at least one of the Star Flash module, Bluetooth module and WiFi module shares at least one of the RF unit, modem unit, MAC unit and CPU.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals, but does not support the transmission of WiFi signals. The Star Flash module and the Bluetooth module are located in the same subsystem of the communication device, and the subsystem and the power management module PMU are integrated in the communication device.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth modules or WiFi modules coexists and communicates with the Star Flash module through different antennas, and the coexistence strategy is channel avoidance.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the communication device is further used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the link corresponding to the opposite device and / or the service for data transmission according to the link selection strategy.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the communication apparatus is further configured to: determine the type of the peer device and / or the service delay of the peer device, including: determining the type of the peer device, where the type of the peer device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type;

[0058] When the type of the opposite device is an audio device, a service delay of the opposite device is determined.

[0059] In a possible implementation, the link selection strategy includes: when the service delay is greater than a first value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link and then performing data transmission; or

[0060] When the service delay is less than the first value and greater than the second value, an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link is established, and data transmission is performed after synchronization is achieved by adding timestamps to data packets; alternatively, when the service delay is less than the second value, an asynchronous unicast link is first established, and then a synchronous unicast link or a synchronous multicast link is established before data transmission.

[0061] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the frame format type corresponding to the type of the opposite device and / or the service type of the opposite device according to the frame format selection strategy; wherein the frame format type includes Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 1, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 2, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 3 or Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 4.

[0062] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, including: determining the type of the opposite device, the type of the opposite device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the opposite device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the opposite device.

[0063] In one possible implementation scheme, the frame format selection strategy includes: when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 through physical layer parameter negotiation after the connection state; or, when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration and the service anti-interference capability requirement is greater than the set threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation after entering the connection state; or, when the type of the opposite device is a device that only supports wireless frame type 1, or a device with a maximum transmission power greater than the first power threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access; or, when the service type of the opposite device is an Internet of Things (IoT) ultra-long-distance coverage service, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is greater than the first threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 4 for broadcast and connection, or, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device is less than or equal to the first threshold, switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0064] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which is configured to execute the communication method described in any one of the implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0065] In the present application, the communication device described in the fifth aspect can be the first terminal node described in the first aspect or the management node described in the second aspect, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the first terminal node or management node, or a device that includes the first terminal node or management node.

[0066] It should be understood that the communication device described in the fifth aspect includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the communication method described in any one of the first or second aspects above. The module, unit, or means can be implemented by hardware, software, or hardware executing the corresponding software implementation. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units for performing the functions involved in the above-mentioned communication method.

[0067] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor configured to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the communication device described in the sixth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the sixth aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the communication device described in the sixth aspect may further include a memory. The memory may be integrated with the processor or provided separately. The memory may be used to store computer programs and / or data involved in the communication method described in either the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0070] In the present application, the communication device described in the sixth aspect can be the first terminal node described in the first aspect or the management node described in the second aspect, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the first terminal node or management node, or a device that includes the first terminal node or management node.

[0071] In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes: a processor coupled to a memory, the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device performs the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the communication device described in the seventh aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the seventh aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0073] In the present application, the communication device described in the seventh aspect can be the first terminal node described in the first aspect or the management node described in the second aspect, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the first terminal node or management node, or a device that includes the first terminal node or management node.

[0074] In an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the communication device executes the communication method described in any one of the implementation methods in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0075] In a possible implementation, the communication device described in the eighth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the eighth aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0076] In the present application, the communication device described in the eighth aspect can be the first terminal node described in the first aspect or the management node described in the second aspect, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the first terminal node or management node, or a device that includes the first terminal node or management node.

[0077] In a ninth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor; the processor is used to couple with a memory, and after reading a computer program in the memory, execute the communication method as described in any one of the implementation methods in the first aspect or the second aspect according to the computer program.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the communication device described in the ninth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the ninth aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0079] In the present application, the communication device described in the eleventh aspect can be the first terminal node described in the first aspect or the management node described in the second aspect, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the first terminal node or management node, or a device that includes the first terminal node or management node.

[0080] In a tenth aspect, a processor is provided, wherein the processor is configured to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0081] In an eleventh aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes one or more terminal nodes and one or more management nodes.

[0082] In a twelfth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, comprising: a computer program or instructions; when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0083] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program or instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0084] In addition, the technical effects of the communication devices described in the third to thirteenth aspects above can refer to the technical effects of the communication methods described in the first or second aspects above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0085] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an access process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of another access process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] FIG4 is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] FIG5 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] FIG6 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a superframe where access resources are provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a preamble pattern provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] FIG9 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between preamble sequences for contention access and non-contention access provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0094] FIG10 is a schematic diagram 1 of time domain resources occupied by resources in a target access resource pool provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0095] FIG11 is a second schematic diagram of time domain resources occupied by resources in a target access resource pool according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0096] FIG12 is a third schematic diagram of time domain resources occupied by resources in a target access resource pool according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0097] FIG13 is a fourth schematic diagram of time domain resources occupied by resources in a target access resource pool according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0098] FIG14 is a fifth schematic diagram of time domain resources occupied by resources in a target access resource pool according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0099] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a subcarrier group provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0100] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a chip architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0101] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0102] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of a chip module framework provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0105] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of another chip module framework provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0106] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of another chip module framework provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0107] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of a framework of a software static policy provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0108] FIG24 is a schematic diagram of a framework of a hardware time-division arbitration (PTA) strategy provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0109] FIG25 is a schematic diagram of a link establishment process according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0110] FIG26 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0111] FIG27 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0112] FIG28 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0113] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0114] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0115] Figure 31 shows the four different radio frame types defined in the Star Flash protocol;

[0116] FIG32 is an example of a frame format application in a scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0117] FIG33 is an example of a frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0118] FIG34 is an example of a frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0119] FIG35 is an example of a frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0120] FIG36 is a first structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0121] Figure 37 is a second structural diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0122] For ease of understanding, the following first introduces the technologies related to this application.

[0123] A grant node link, also known as a G-link, is a resource used by grant nodes to send physical layer signals, physical layer control information, and physical layer data information, and by T-nodes to receive physical layer signals. Time domain resources on a G-link include multiple G-link symbols. A G-link is also known as an uplink or uplink resource. A G-link symbol is also known as an uplink symbol.

[0124] A terminal node link, also known as a T-link, is a resource used by terminal nodes to transmit physical layer signals, physical layer control information, and physical layer data information, and by G nodes to receive physical layer signals. The time domain resources on a T-link consist of multiple T-link symbols. A T-link can also be called a downlink or downlink resource, and a T-link symbol can also be called a downlink symbol.

[0125] In the Star Flash 1.0 protocol, or the Green Tooth (GT) protocol 1.0, a terminal node (T-node) can obtain system information (SI) by parsing the broadcast channel (BCH), thereby completing downlink synchronization (or achieving downlink synchronization between the terminal node and the grant node (G-node)). After the terminal node completes downlink synchronization, it can receive downlink data. Assuming that the terminal node needs to send uplink data, it needs to complete uplink synchronization with the management node (or achieve uplink synchronization between the terminal node and the management node).

[0126] In the GT1.0 protocol, terminal nodes can achieve uplink synchronization through access procedures. These procedures can include contention-based access procedures (also known as four-step access procedures) and non-contention-based access procedures (also known as two-step random access procedures). The following describes contention-based access procedures and non-contention-based access procedures, respectively, using a management node and a terminal node within a communication domain.

[0127] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a contention-based access process. As shown in Figure 1 , the contention-based access process includes S101 to S105.

[0128] S101: The management node sends SI#1, and correspondingly, terminal node #1 receives SI#1.

[0129] SI#1 carries the following information: information indicating the contention access resource pool (also known as the access channel) within an access cycle, information indicating the access identifier set, information indicating resource request modulation (SR-modulation), or the waiting time length and / or backoff time length of terminal node #1 during the access process.

[0130] Among them, the access resource pool refers to a collection of resources used for terminal nodes in the communication domain corresponding to the management node to access the network. The access identifier set includes multiple access identifiers. The access identifiers in the access identifier set can be used for terminal nodes within the coverage distance of the management node (which can also be called the communication domain of the management node in some scenarios) to access the network. Among them, the access identifier can be a physical layer identifier (physical identifier, PhysID). The waiting time length can also be called a waiting window (waiting window), and the backoff time length can also be called a backoff window (backoff window).

[0131] In addition, SI#1 also carries information for indicating a period for contending for access to resources.

[0132] S102: Terminal node #1 sends access request message #1 on the contention access resource. Correspondingly, the management node receives access request message #1.

[0133] The contention access resource is a resource in the contention access resource pool in S101. The contention access resource may be randomly determined by the terminal node #1 from the contention access resource pool.

[0134] Access Request Message #1 is used to indicate that Terminal Node #1 has made a random access request. Access Request Message #1 includes an access identifier for Terminal Node #1 to access the network (or the communication domain corresponding to the management node). The access identifier for Terminal Node #1 to access the communication domain corresponding to the management node can be selected by Terminal Node #1 from a set of access identifiers indicated by the received SI, such as a random selection.

[0135] It should be understood that S105 can also be understood as the terminal node #1 sending the access channel, and correspondingly, the management node receiving the access channel.

[0136] S103: The management node sends an access response message #1. Correspondingly, the terminal node #1 receives the access response message #1.

[0137] It should be understood that the first information is G link control information, which can also be called downlink control information or downlink control information.

[0138] The access response message #1 indicates resource #1, which is used to carry the signal sent by the terminal node #1 and may also be referred to as a transmission resource.

[0139] The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of access response message #1 is scrambled using the identifier of the contention access resource (which can be a physical resource identifier) ​​and the access identifier of terminal node #1. This allows terminal node #1, which initiated the contention access request, to parse access response message #1, while other terminal nodes cannot.

[0140] It should be understood that the resource identifier, such as the contention access resource identifier, is for a superframe. In other words, the resource identifier refers to an identifier used to distinguish different resources in a superframe.

[0141] Access response message #1 may be G link control information, which is a type of scheduling signaling.

[0142] S104: Terminal node #1 sends a conflict resolution request message #1 on resource #1. Correspondingly, the management node receives the conflict resolution request message #1 on resource #1.

[0143] The conflict resolution request message #1 includes an identifier for conflict resolution by terminal node #1. For example, the identifier for conflict resolution can be an identifier for terminal node #1, such as a globally unique identifier (GUID). It should be understood that different terminal nodes #1 may have different identifiers for conflict resolution.

[0144] It should be understood that the identifier used for conflict resolution here is only used as an example. In actual implementation, the identifier used for conflict resolution may also be other information that can be used to identify terminal node #1.

[0145] The conflict resolution request message #1 may be an "xrcSetupRequest" message.

[0146] S105: The management node sends a conflict resolution response message #1. Correspondingly, the terminal node #1 receives the conflict resolution response message #1.

[0147] The conflict resolution response message #1 is used to indicate the conflict resolution result, that is, whether each terminal node #1 competing for access within the coverage range of the management node (i.e., within the communication domain corresponding to the management node) has successfully accessed the network. For example, the conflict resolution response message may carry an identifier for the terminal node #1 that successfully accessed the network for conflict resolution.

[0148] Optionally, the conflict resolution response message may be an "xrcSetup" message.

[0149] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a non-contention access process. As shown in Figure 2, the non-contention access process includes S201 to S203.

[0150] In a non-contention access solution, terminal nodes in a communication domain are pre-configured (or stored) with an access identifier for accessing the network. This access identifier may be a physical layer identifier. For example, terminal node #1 is pre-configured (or stored) with an access identifier (such as a physical layer identifier), and different terminal nodes may have different pre-configured (or stored) access identifiers.

[0151] S201: The management node sends SI#2, and correspondingly, terminal node #1 receives SI#2.

[0152] SI#2 carries the following information: information indicating a non-contention access resource pool (also known as an access channel) within an access period, and information indicating resource request-modulation (SR-modulation).

[0153] In addition, SI#2 also carries information for indicating a non-contention access resource period.

[0154] S202: Terminal node #1 sends access request message #2 on non-contention access resources. Correspondingly, the management node receives access request message #2.

[0155] The non-competitive access resources are determined by terminal node #1 from the non-competitive access resource pool. For the same communication domain, the non-competitive access resources determined by different terminal nodes are non-conflicting resources. In other words, in the same communication domain, there are no identical resources in the non-competitive access resources determined by different terminal nodes.

[0156] The following example illustrates the principle of determining non-contention access resources by terminal node #1. Assume that the non-contention access resource period is nonContentionAccessDuration, and the unit is superframe. Assume that the number of non-contention access resource symbols in each superframe is N0, and N0 symbols are grouped by noncontentionAccessSymNum overhead symbols in symbol time order. Then, each superframe has a total of N / noncontentionAccessSymNum groups. Since the access channel is based on 5-comb carrier in the frequency domain, each superframe has a total of N / noncontentionAccessSymNum*5 non-contention access resources. Therefore, the number of non-contention access resources in the configuration period satisfies the relationship shown in the following formula (1): numY = nonContentionAccessDuration*N0 / noncontentionAccessSymNum; (1)

[0157] These resources are numbered from #0 to #(numY-1) in the order of time and subcarriers within each group from low to high. Then the number of the non-contention access resource selected by the terminal node satisfies the relationship shown in the following formula (2): Inc=mod(T-PhysID,numY); (2)

[0158] The access request message includes an access identifier for terminal node #1 to access the network. The access identifier for identifying terminal node #1 may be pre-configured or stored in terminal node #1.

[0159] S203: The management node sends an access response message #2. Correspondingly, the terminal node receives the access response message #2.

[0160] The implementation of Access Response Message #2 can be referenced in the description of Access Response Message #1. The implementation of S203 can be referenced in the description of S103. The difference is that in S203, the CRC of Access Response Message #2 is scrambled using the physical resource identifier and access identifier corresponding to the non-contention access request. The G link control information transmits scheduling signaling, instructing the T node on the resources to which data should be sent in subsequent steps. This allows Terminal Node #1, which initiated the non-contention access request, to parse Access Response Message #2, while other terminal nodes in the communication domain corresponding to the management node cannot.

[0161] In the solutions provided in Figures 1 and 2 above, the access identifier carried in the access request message (access request message #1 in the solution provided in Figure 1, access request message #2 in the solution provided in Figure 2) is sent based on information modulation. Since there is a transmission delay between the terminal node and the management node, there will be an uplink transmission delay in the solution using information modulation, which will result in the inability to complete uplink synchronization between the terminal node and the management node.

[0162] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0163] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, vehicle to everything (V2X) communication systems, device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, Internet of Vehicles communication systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, world-wide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems, such as new radio (NR) systems, and future communication systems, such as sixth generation (6G) mobile communication systems.

[0164] This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features in the context of systems that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that each system may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all of the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the figures. Furthermore, combinations of these aspects may also be used.

[0165] Additionally, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this application as an "exemplary" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0166] First, in this application, "used to indicate" can include being used for direct indication and being used for indirect indication. When describing a certain "information" as being used to indicate A, it can include whether the information directly indicates A or indirectly indicates A, but it does not necessarily mean that the information contains A.

[0167] The information indicated by a message is called information to be indicated. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the information to be indicated, such as but not limited to, the information to be indicated can be directly indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or the index of the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, where there is an association between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of specific information can be achieved by means of the arrangement order of each piece of information agreed in advance (such as specified in the protocol), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent. At the same time, the common parts of each piece of information can be identified and indicated uniformly to reduce the indication overhead caused by indicating the same information separately.

[0168] In addition, the specific indication method can also be various existing indication methods, such as but not limited to the above-mentioned indication methods and various combinations thereof. The specific details of the various indication methods can be referred to the prior art and will not be repeated herein. As can be seen from the above, for example, when it is necessary to indicate multiple information of the same type, there may be a situation where the indication methods for different information are different. In the specific implementation process, the required indication method can be selected according to specific needs. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the selected indication method. In this way, the indication method involved in the embodiment of the present application should be understood to cover various methods that can enable the party to be indicated to obtain the information to be indicated.

[0169] The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole, or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately, and the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different. The specific sending method is not limited in this application. Among them, the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be predefined, for example, predefined according to the protocol, or configured by the transmitting device by sending configuration information to the receiving device. Among them, the configuration information can, for example, but not limited to, include one or a combination of at least two of radio resource control (RRC) signaling, medium access control (MAC) layer signaling and physical layer signaling. Among them, MAC layer signaling, for example, includes MAC control element (CE); physical (PHY) layer signaling, for example, includes downlink control information (DCI).

[0170] Second, in the embodiments shown below, the first, second, and various numerical numbers are only used for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0171] Third, "pre-set", or "pre-defined", or "pre-configured" can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in nodes (for example, including terminal nodes and management nodes), or can be pre-specified in the protocol. This application does not limit its specific implementation method. Among them, "saving" can mean saving in one or more memories. The one or more memories can be set separately or integrated in an encoder or decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The one or more memories can also be partially set separately and partially integrated in a decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The type of memory can be any form of storage medium, which is not limited by this application.

[0172] Fourth, the "protocol" involved in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, for example, it may include relevant protocols in Star Flash 1.0, and this application does not limit this.

[0173] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0174] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0175] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, a communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application is first described in detail using the communication system shown in Figure 3 as an example. For example, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0176] As shown in FIG3 , the communication system includes a management node and a terminal node.

[0177] A management node is a node in a communication system that sends data scheduling information. A terminal node is a node in a communication system that receives data scheduling information and sends data according to the data scheduling information.

[0178] Optionally, the management node in the embodiment of the present application can be a node that sends data scheduling information to the vehicle-mounted wireless short-range communication system, and the terminal node in the embodiment of the present application can be a node that receives data scheduling information from the vehicle-mounted wireless short-range communication system and sends data according to the data scheduling information. They are uniformly described here and will not be repeated below.

[0179] Exemplarily, the management nodes may include management nodes 301a to 301c, and the terminal nodes may include terminal nodes 302a to 302f. The terminal nodes may be connected to the management nodes wirelessly, and the management nodes may be connected to the core network (not shown in FIG3 ) via wired or wireless means.

[0180] Among them, the management node and the terminal node can exchange information.

[0181] A terminal node may be a terminal with transceiver functions, or may be a chip or chip system provided at the terminal node. The terminal node may also be referred to as a terminal device, user equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit (subscriber unit), user station, mobile station (MS), mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device. The terminal nodes in the embodiments of the present application may be mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, tablet computers, wireless data cards, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless modems, handheld devices (handsets), laptop computers, machine type communication (MTC) terminals, computers with wireless transceiver functions, virtual reality (VR) terminals, augmented reality (AR) terminals, smart home appliances (e.g., refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, electric meters, etc.), intelligent robots, robotic arms, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in unmanned driving, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in telemedicine, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, vehicle-mounted terminals, roadside units with terminal functions, etc. unit, RSU), etc., flying equipment (for example, intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc. The terminal node of the present application may also be an on-board module, on-board module, on-board component, on-board chip or on-board unit that is built into the vehicle as one or more components or units. The terminal node may also be other devices with terminal functions. For example, the terminal node may also be a device that serves as a terminal function in D2D communication. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the device form of the terminal node. The device for realizing the function of the terminal may be a terminal node; it may also be a device that can support the terminal to realize the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the terminal or used in combination with the terminal. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0182] The management node can be a device with wireless transceiver functions, or it can be a chip or chip system set in the device, located in the access network (AN) of the communication system, and used to provide access services for the terminal. For example, the management node can be called a network device, a radio access network device (RAN) device, and can specifically be a next-generation mobile communication system, such as a 6G access network device, such as a 6G base station, or in the next-generation mobile communication system, the management node can also have other naming methods, which are all covered within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. Alternatively, the management node may include a 5G, such as a gNB in ​​a new radio (NR) system, or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a 5G base station, or a network node constituting a gNB, a transmission and reception point (TRP or TP), or a transmission measurement function (TMF), such as a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), a radio unit (RU), an RSU with base station functionality, a wired access gateway, or a 5G core network element. Alternatively, the management node may include an access point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, various types of macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small cells), relay stations, access points, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, and the like.

[0183] Among them, the CU and DU can be set separately, or can also be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU) or a remote radio head (RRH). It can be understood that the management node can be a CU node, a DU node, or a device including a CU node and a DU node. In addition, the CU can be divided into a management node in the access network RAN, or the CU can be divided into a management node in the core network CN, which is not limited here. In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in the ORAN system, the CU can also be called O-CU (Open CU), the DU can also be called O-DU, the CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be called O-RU. For the convenience of description, this application takes CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU as examples for description. Any unit of CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module. In the embodiment of the present application, the form of the management node is not limited. The device for implementing the function of the management node can be a management node; it can also be a device that can support the management node to implement the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the management node or used in conjunction with the management node.

[0184] It should be understood that in the communication system provided in FIG3 , the terminal node can be a non-audio device such as a keyboard, mouse, or stylus, or an audio device such as a headset or microphone. The management node can be a non-audio device such as a keyboard, mouse, or stylus, or an audio device such as a headset or microphone.

[0185] Optionally, the communication system provided in FIG. 3 in the embodiment of the present application may be a star flash system.

[0186] It should be noted that the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied between the management node and the terminal node shown in Figure 3. The specific implementation can refer to the following method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0187] It should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems, and the corresponding names can also be replaced by the names of corresponding functions in other communication systems.

[0188] It should be understood that FIG3 is only a simplified schematic diagram for ease of understanding, and the communication system may further include other management nodes and / or other terminal nodes, which are not shown in FIG3 .

[0189] To address the aforementioned issue of inability to achieve uplink synchronization between a terminal node and a management node, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. In this communication method, a first terminal node may send an access request message to a management node. The access request message includes a target preamble. After receiving the access request message, the management node may provide an access response message to the first terminal node. The access response message includes a first timing advance determined based on the target preamble. In this manner, the first terminal node may achieve uplink synchronization based on the first timing advance.

[0190] For ease of understanding, the following introduces relevant terms in the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0191] (1) Superframe, first frame, symbol.

[0192] A superframe is a radio resource with a duration of 1 millisecond (ms). A superframe can contain multiple first frames, where the duration of the first frame is 1 / the number of first frames in the superframe. The number of first frames in a superframe is less than 48. This allows for greater coverage distance.

[0193] The first frame may include multiple symbols. The symbol refers to the unit of time domain resources, or the smallest unit of resource scheduling. It should be understood that the symbol may be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol (OFDM) or other possible symbols. The time length of a symbol is related to the number of first frames in the superframe and the number of symbols in each first frame. The time length of a symbol = the time length of the first frame / the number of first frames*the number of symbols in the first frame. The symbol may be a G link symbol (also referred to as GS, or G symbol, or downlink symbol), a T link symbol (also referred to as TS, or T symbol, or uplink symbol) and a guard interval symbol (also referred to as a GAP symbol). The G link symbol is a symbol used by the management node to send information, and the T link symbol is a symbol used by the terminal node to send information. In some possible embodiments, a symbol may also be referred to as a time unit.

[0194] The first frame can be divided into a G link first frame, a T link first frame and a special first frame.

[0195] The symbols in the first frame of a G link are all GS symbols. The symbols in the first special frame include GS, GAP symbols, and TS symbols. The symbols in the first frame of a T link are all TS symbols.

[0196] It should be understood that the first frame may also be referred to as a radio frame or other names. When the first frame is referred to as a radio frame, the first frame of the G link may also be referred to as a G link radio frame (GF), the first frame of the T link may also be referred to as a T link radio frame (TF), and the special first frame may also be referred to as a special radio frame (SF). In addition, the first frame of the G link may also be referred to as a downlink radio frame, and the first frame of the T link may also be referred to as an uplink radio frame.

[0197] (2) The frame type of a superframe refers to the category of a superframe, which can be divided according to the structural characteristics of the superframe (such as the distribution of different first frames in the superframe). The frame type of a superframe can correspond to the period of resource scheduling on the superframe (also known as the granularity of resource scheduling). It should be understood that the superframe of the present application refers to a carrier used for communication between the terminal node and the management node, or in other words, the bandwidth of the frequency domain resources occupied by a superframe can be the bandwidth of a carrier used for communication between the terminal node and the management node.

[0198] In one possible implementation, the frame type of a superframe is one of a frame type set. Optionally, the frame type set may include a first frame type, a second frame type, and a third frame type. A superframe of the first frame type may include at least a G-link first frame and a special first frame. Optionally, a superframe of the first frame type may also include a T-link first frame. Resource scheduling can be performed on a superframe of the first frame type based on the superframe.

[0199] The following uses a superframe consisting of eight first frames as an example to describe superframes of the first frame type in conjunction with Table 1. Table 1 shows the first frames corresponding to different first frame numbers in superframes with different frame ratios. The first frame type can be a superframe corresponding to any frame ratio from 0 to 6.

[0200] The second frame type performs resource scheduling based on each half superframe in the superframe. In a superframe of the second frame type, the structure of the first half superframe is the same as that of the second half superframe. Among them, each half superframe includes at least one SF in the first frames except the first first frame. In a half superframe, the first frame before the SF is GF. If there is a first frame after the SF in a half superframe, the first frame after the SF is TF. Taking a superframe including 8 first frames as an example, and combining Table 1 to illustrate the superframe of the second frame type, the second frame type can be a superframe corresponding to any frame ratio from 7 to 9. It should be understood that "before" and "after" here refer to the time domain position.

[0201] The third frame type performs resource scheduling based on each first frame in a superframe. Each first frame in the third frame type can be a SF. Taking a superframe including eight first frames as an example, and referring to Table 1 to illustrate a superframe of the third frame type, the third frame type can be a superframe corresponding to a frame ratio of 10.

[0202] In the embodiment of the present application, the frame ratio can also be understood as an index or identifier of the frame type of the superframe.

[0203] Table 1

[0204] It should be understood that the above-mentioned first frame type, second frame type and third frame type are used for examples. In actual implementation, the frame type of the superframe can also be other possible types; in addition, the first frame type can also be called a Class A frame or other possible names, the second frame type can also be called a Class B frame or other possible names, and the third frame type can also be called a Class C frame or other possible names, which will not be repeated here.

[0205] The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 4 to 15.

[0206] For example, Figure 4 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication method can be applied to the communication between the management node and the terminal node shown in Figure 3 .

[0207] As shown in FIG4 , the communication method includes the following steps:

[0208] S401: A first terminal node sends an access request message, and a management node receives the access request message accordingly.

[0209] The access request message includes a target preamble code.

[0210] The access request message is used to indicate that the first terminal node has a need to access the network. The access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource. The first time-frequency resource is a resource in the target access resource pool. In competitive access, the implementation of the target access resource pool and the first time-frequency resource can refer to the relevant introduction of S502 in the method provided in Figure 5 below; in non-competitive access, the implementation of the target access resource pool and the first time-frequency resource can refer to the relevant introduction of S602 in the method provided in Figure 6 below. The target preamble code is determined based on the system message. In competitive access, the target preamble code is one of the preamble codes used for competitive access; in non-competitive access, the target preamble code is one of the preamble codes used for non-competitive access.

[0211] In one possible implementation, the first terminal node operates in an unlicensed frequency band, and the management node operates in an unlicensed frequency band. The unlicensed frequency band refers to a frequency band other than that used for communications in a cellular network. For example, the unlicensed frequency band may include a frequency band with a center frequency of 2.4 gigahertz (GHz), or a frequency band with a center frequency of 6 GHz. It should be understood that in some scenarios, special frequency bands of existing cellular network communication systems may also be applied to this solution. In this case, these special frequency bands may also be referred to as unlicensed frequency bands.

[0212] The access request message may also be referred to as message 1 (Msg1), the first message or other possible names, which will not be described in detail.

[0213] For the implementation of S401, please refer to the related introduction of S502 or S602 below, which will not be described in detail here.

[0214] S402: The management node sends an access response message. Correspondingly, the first terminal node receives the access response message.

[0215] The access response message includes information indicating a first timing advance corresponding to the first terminal node. The first timing advance is determined by the management node according to the target preamble, and is used by the first terminal node for uplink synchronization.

[0216] In one possible implementation, the access response message may be carried on the second time-frequency resource. That is, the management node sends the access response message on the second time-frequency resource. Accordingly, the first terminal node receives the access response message on the second time-frequency resource. For the first terminal node, the second time-frequency resource may be indicated by the management node. For details on the implementation of the second time-frequency resource, please refer to S503 of the method provided in FIG. 5 below and will not be further described here.

[0217] The access response message may also be called a random access response (RAR) message, or RAR or message 2 (Msg2), or other possible names, which will not be described in detail.

[0218] Based on the method provided in FIG4 , the first terminal node can send an access request message and receive an access response message in response to the access request message. Since the access response message carries the first timing advance, the first terminal node can complete uplink synchronization with the management node based on the first timing advance.

[0219] In some scenarios, the first terminal node can achieve uplink synchronization based on the contention access process and access the management node network. In this case, the communication method provided in Figure 4 above can be implemented with reference to the communication method provided in Figure 5 below. As shown in Figure 5 below, the communication method includes:

[0220] S501: A management node sends a system message, and correspondingly, a first terminal node receives the system message.

[0221] Among them, the system message includes at least one resource configuration information. For the implementation of at least one resource configuration information, please refer to the relevant introductions in the following Design 1 to Design 3. The first terminal node can determine the style of the target preamble code (refer to the relevant introduction of the following Design 1) and determine the sequence of the target preamble code (refer to the relevant introduction of the following Design 2) based on the at least one resource configuration information in the system message. And / or, the first terminal node can determine the frequency domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool based on the at least one resource configuration information (refer to the relevant introduction of the following Design 3).

[0222] S502: The first terminal node sends an access request message. Correspondingly, the management node receives the access request message.

[0223] The access request message includes a target preamble and is carried on a first time-frequency resource, which is a resource in a target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a resource period for contention access.

[0224] The access request message may be used to request access to a network, or the access request message may be used to request resources.

[0225] The target preamble is determined based on at least one resource configuration information in the system message, and the target preamble is one of the preambles used for contention access. The principle for determining the pattern of the target preamble can be referred to the relevant introduction in Design 1, and the principle for determining the sequence of the target preamble can be referred to the relevant introduction in Design 2 below, which will not be repeated here.

[0226] In one possible implementation, the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool lies within the unlicensed frequency band. This allows for flexible configuration of resource pools of varying sizes based on the number of terminal nodes in the application scenario, thereby reducing terminal node access conflicts. For details on the implementation of unlicensed frequency bands, please refer to the relevant description in S401 and will not be elaborated here.

[0227] Regarding the implementation of the target resource pool and the first time-frequency resource, please refer to the relevant introduction in the following Design 3 and will not be repeated here.

[0228] S503: The management node sends first downlink control information. Correspondingly, the first terminal node receives the first downlink control information.

[0229] The first downlink control information includes information for indicating the second time-frequency resource and second information. The second information is verification information of the first information obtained by scrambling the identifier of the first time-frequency resource. The verification information of the first information may be a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) or other possible verification codes.

[0230] In this way, the verification information in the first downlink control information is scrambled using the identifier of the first time-frequency resource, which can reduce complexity.

[0231] In one possible implementation, the identification of the first time-frequency resource can be implemented using 24 bits, wherein the low bits, such as bit 0 to bit 15, are the number of the superframe in which the access request message detected by the management node is located; bit 16 to bit 19 are 4 bits, used to indicate the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource by means of a bitmap; and the high 4 bits are all 0. It can be seen that the terminal node that initiates an access request on the first time-frequency resource can parse the first downlink control information based on the identification of the first time-frequency resource, and then obtain the location of the second time-frequency resource. It should be understood that the identification of the first time-frequency resource here is used as an example. In actual implementation, the identification of the first time-frequency resource can also be implemented in other possible ways, which will not be repeated here. For the first terminal node, since the first downlink control information includes information obtained by scrambling based on the identification of the first time-frequency resource, the first terminal node can parse the first downlink control information based on the identification of the first time-frequency resource, thereby obtaining the location of the second time-frequency resource.

[0232] It should be understood that for the third terminal node that has not sent the preamble code on the first time-frequency resource, since it does not know the identifier of the first time-frequency resource, the third terminal node cannot parse the first downlink control information.

[0233] In the embodiment of the present application, the first downlink control information may also be referred to as the first G link control information. The identifier of the first time-frequency resource may also be represented by other names, such as the index of the first time-frequency resource or the number of the first time-frequency resource, which will not be described in detail.

[0234] S504: The management node sends an access response message on the second time-frequency resource. Correspondingly, the first terminal node receives the access response message on the second time-frequency resource.

[0235] For the implementation principle of the access response message, please refer to the relevant introduction of the access response message in the scheme provided in Figure 4. In addition, the access response message also includes one or more of the following information: information for identifying the first terminal node within the coverage distance of the management node, information for indicating the preamble code detected by the management node on the first time-frequency resource (such as information for indicating the target preamble code), and information for indicating the resources carrying the conflict resolution request message.

[0236] The information used to identify the first terminal node within the coverage distance of the management node may include the first identifier of the first terminal node, that is, the identifier used to identify the terminal node within the coverage distance of the management node. The first identifier of the first terminal node can be used to identify the first terminal node within the coverage distance of the management node.

[0237] Optionally, the identifier of the first terminal node may be a physical layer identifier of the first terminal node. Optionally, the physical layer identifier of the first terminal node may be indicated by multiple bits, such as 12 bits.

[0238] In one possible implementation, the information used to indicate the identifier of the preamble code detected by the management node on the first time-frequency resource may explicitly indicate the preamble code detected by the management node on the first time-frequency resource. For example, the information used to indicate the preamble code detected by the management node on the first time-frequency resource may include the identifier of the preamble code detected by the management node on the first time-frequency resource. If the preamble code detected by the management node on the first time-frequency resource includes the target preamble code, the identifier of the preamble code detected by the management node on the first time-frequency resource includes the identifier of the target preamble code. It should be understood that the information used to indicate the identifier of the preamble code detected by the management node on the first time-frequency resource may also implicitly indicate the preamble code detected by the management node on the first time-frequency resource, which will not be elaborated on.

[0239] In the embodiment of the present application, the identifier of the preamble code may also be represented by other names, such as the index of the identifier of the preamble code or the number of the identifier of the preamble code, which will not be described in detail.

[0240] The information used to indicate the resource carrying the conflict resolution request message may include an identifier of the resource carrying the conflict resolution request message. For the implementation of the conflict resolution request message, reference may be made to the relevant introduction in S505 below, which will not be repeated here.

[0241] For the implementation principle of S504, please refer to the relevant introduction in S402.

[0242] In one possible implementation, the access response message also includes information indicating the second timing advance corresponding to each second terminal node in at least one second terminal node. Each second terminal node in at least one second terminal node is a terminal node that sends a second preamble code on a first time-frequency resource. The second timing advance corresponding to each second terminal node is determined based on the second preamble code sent by the second terminal node, and the second timing advance is used for the second terminal node to perform uplink synchronization. In this case, the access response message may also include: information for identifying the second terminal node in at least one terminal node within the coverage distance of the management node. That is, the timing advances of multiple terminal nodes can be carried in the same access response message. In this way, information interaction can be reduced, thereby reducing resource overhead. The information for identifying each second terminal node in at least one terminal node within the coverage distance of the management node can refer to the relevant introduction to the information for identifying the first terminal node within the coverage distance of the management node, and will not be repeated here.

[0243] In this case, the access response message may further include the following information of each second terminal node: information used to identify the second terminal node.

[0244] It should be understood that each of the at least one second terminal node is located within the coverage range of the management node. In other words, each of the at least one second terminal node is located in the communication domain of the management node.

[0245] S505: The first terminal node sends a conflict resolution request message. Correspondingly, the management node receives the conflict resolution request message.

[0246] The conflict resolution request message includes information for the first terminal node to request conflict resolution. In this way, the management node and the terminal node complete the process confirmation in the random access process based on the above information, thereby accessing the network.

[0247] It should be understood that the preamble codes selected by different terminal nodes to send on the same time-frequency resources may be the same or different. For scenarios where different preamble codes are selected, the terminal nodes can be distinguished based on the preamble codes in the RAR message; however, for scenarios where different terminal nodes select the same preamble code, each of the multiple terminal nodes uses the RAR message as a response to the terminal node, resulting in a conflict state. In order to resolve conflicts between different terminal nodes, the conflict resolution request message may carry an identifier corresponding to the terminal node for conflict resolution. The identifier corresponding to the terminal node for conflict resolution may include a second identifier of the terminal node, and the second identifier of the terminal node may be a media access layer identifier, such as a globally unique identifier of the terminal node.

[0248] If the identifier of the preamble detected by the management node carried by the RAR in S504 on the first time-frequency resource includes the identifier of the preamble (i.e., the target preamble) in the access request message of the first terminal node, it means that the RAR is replying to the access request message of the first terminal node. In this case, the first terminal node sends a conflict resolution request message on the second time-frequency resource including the third information and verification information of the third information, wherein the third information is used by the first terminal node to request conflict resolution, wherein the verification information of the third information can be scrambled with the first identifier or other scrambling methods, which will not be described here.

[0249] The conflict resolution request message can be sent in advance based on the first time feedback from the management node to achieve uplink synchronization state, thereby improving the performance of large coverage scenarios.

[0250] S506: The management node sends a conflict resolution response message. Correspondingly, the first terminal node receives the conflict resolution response message.

[0251] The conflict resolution response message may be an "XrcSetUp" message, which carries an identifier for conflict resolution reported by the terminal node that successfully competes (competes for the transmission opportunity). In this case, if there are multiple terminal node conflicts, the management node will arbitrate and issue the identifier for conflict resolution corresponding to the terminal node that successfully competes. After receiving the conflict resolution response message, the terminal node can determine whether it has successfully accessed based on whether the conflict resolution response message includes the identifier for conflict resolution corresponding to the terminal node. Taking the first terminal node and the identifier for conflict resolution as the second identifier as an example, for example, if the conflict resolution response message includes the second identifier of the first terminal node, the first terminal node successfully accesses. If the conflict resolution response message does not include the second identifier of the first terminal node, the first terminal node fails to access. It should be understood that the terminal node that fails to access can initiate the access process again.

[0252] For the technical effects of the communication method provided in FIG. 5 , reference may be made to the technical effects of the communication method provided in FIG. 4 .

[0253] In addition, based on the communication method provided in FIG. 5 , the first terminal node can access the network and achieve uplink synchronization without being configured with the first identifier.

[0254] In some scenarios, the first terminal node can achieve uplink synchronization with the management node based on non-contention access and access the network. In this case, the communication method provided in Figure 4 above can be implemented with reference to the communication method provided in Figure 6 below. As shown in Figure 6, the communication method includes:

[0255] S601: A management node sends a system message, and correspondingly, a first terminal node receives the system message.

[0256] For the implementation of the system message, please refer to the relevant introduction of the system message in S501. In addition, the system message also includes the resource period of non-contention access. It can be understood that the non-contention access resource period is greater than the contention access resource period configured in any resource configuration information.

[0257] S602: The first terminal node sends an access request message. Correspondingly, the management node receives the access request message.

[0258] In one possible implementation, the access request message is carried on a first time-frequency resource. The first time-frequency resource is a resource in a target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry access request messages within a non-contention access resource period. The frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is within the unlicensed frequency band. This enables non-contention access.

[0259] Regarding the implementation of the unlicensed frequency band, reference may be made to the related reception in S401 and details thereof will not be given here.

[0260] The resources in the target access resource pool are determined according to at least one resource configuration information in the system message. Implementation of the resources in the target access resource pool may refer to the relevant introduction in Design 3 and will not be described in detail here.

[0261] In some scenarios, the first time-frequency resource is determined based on the first identifier of the first terminal node, that is, the first time-frequency resource is bound to the first identifier of the first terminal node. This can prevent multiple terminal nodes with pre-set first identifiers from conflicting during the initial access process, thus reducing conflicts.

[0262] In a possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource satisfies the relationship shown in the following formula (3): i = mod (PhysID, numY); (3)

[0263] Among them, i is the index of the first time-frequency resource, mod represents the modulo operation, PhysID is the first identifier of the first terminal node, and numY is the total number of access resources in the non-contention access resource period.

[0264] In this way, duplication of access resources determined by different terminal nodes can be avoided, thereby avoiding conflicts between different terminal nodes during the access process.

[0265] Regarding the implementation of the first identifier, please refer to the relevant introduction of the first identifier in the method provided in Figure 5, and no further details are given.

[0266] In a possible implementation, the total number of access resources in a non-contention access resource period satisfies the relationship shown in the following formula (4):

[0267] Among them, D nonconAccess is the length of the resource cycle for non-contention access, N p is the number of resource periods for non-contention access on the carrier used by the first terminal node to access the network, N f is the number of frequency domain resources configured in the network for accessing the network, and N is the number of preamble codes configured in the cell where the first terminal node is located for contention access.

[0268] In this way, the total number of non-contention access resources can be flexibly configured according to the number of terminal nodes within the coverage distance of the management node, thereby avoiding access conflicts between different terminal nodes.

[0269] A subcarrier may include multiple subcarrier groups. Each subcarrier group may include multiple consecutive subcarriers. A frequency domain resource may include at least one subcarrier group from the multiple subcarrier groups, and the subcarriers in the frequency domain resource are consecutive. For a specific implementation, refer to the relevant description in Design 3 below.

[0270] In some scenarios, such as carrier switching, before S602, the method provided in FIG. 6 may further include:

[0271] The management node sends the second downlink control information. Correspondingly, the first terminal node receives the second downlink control information.

[0272] The second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource.

[0273] In this way, different scenarios can be distinguished.

[0274] When the reaccess indication flag in the second downlink control information has a value of 1, it indicates that the first terminal node needs to perform non-contention access on the destination carrier (when the reaccess indication flag in the second downlink control information has a value of 0, it indicates that no reaccess is required). The second downlink control information may include the first indication information and the second indication information.

[0275] The first indication information is used to indicate the time-frequency resources used for non-contention access on the target carrier. The first indication information may also be referred to as an access resource indication. In the second downlink control information, it may be represented by "ResEn".

[0276] In one possible implementation, the first indication information may include 11 bits. Four bits are used to indicate, via a bitmap, the frequency domain resources occupied by the time-frequency resources used for non-contention access on the destination carrier. The remaining seven bits of the 11 bits are used to indicate the first access resource superframe offset k, indicating that non-contention access is performed in the kth superframe allocated access resources, starting from the switching superframe.

[0277] The second indication information is used to indicate the set of preamble sequences used for non-contention access on the target carrier. The second indication information may also be referred to as a preamble sequence number indication, and is used to indicate the preamble sequence number in the set of preamble sequences used for non-contention access. The second indication information may include 6 bits.

[0278] In addition, the second downlink control information may also include third indication information. The third indication information may also be referred to as a designated resource identifier, which may be marked with "ResEn". The third indication information is 1 bit. It is used to indicate whether the management node has indicated non-competitive access resources for the terminal node when the terminal node performs carrier switching. If the third indication information is 0, it indicates that the management node has not indicated non-competitive access resources for the terminal node when the terminal node performs carrier switching, and the non-competitive access resources are determined according to the principles introduced in formula (3); if the third indication information is 1, it indicates that the management node has indicated non-competitive access resources for the terminal node when the terminal node performs carrier switching. In this case, the terminal node needs to use the non-conflicting non-competitive access resources allocated by the management node in the second downlink control information. In other words, the first indication information and the second indication information are valid when "ResEnt" is 1.

[0279] In summary, the first indication information and the second indication information are valid when the third indication information indicates that the terminal node is performing carrier switching and the management node indicates non-contention access resources to the terminal node.

[0280] In a possible implementation, the second downlink control information further includes information indicating that the first time-frequency resource is available.

[0281] In this way, non-competitive access resources can be reasonably allocated to reduce resource waste

[0282] S603: The first terminal node receives an access response message. Correspondingly, the management node sends an access response message.

[0283] For the implementation of the access response message, please refer to the relevant introduction of S503. For the implementation of S603, please refer to the relevant introduction of S503. No further details will be given here.

[0284] Regarding the principles of the communication method provided in Figure 6, you can refer to the relevant introduction to the communication method provided in Figure 4. In addition, the method provided in Figure 6 can also match different non-competitive access processes according to different scenarios such as non-carrier switching scenarios or carrier switching scenarios, and is applicable to more scenarios.

[0285] Design 1

[0286] Each piece of resource configuration information in the at least one piece of resource configuration information includes information for indicating one or more of the following: a pattern of a preamble code, a resource period for contention access, and a superframe offset corresponding to the access resource.

[0287] In each of the at least one resource configuration information, the preamble pattern may be indicated by at least one bit. For example, when the total number of preamble patterns is 4, the information used to indicate the preamble pattern may be 2 bits, and each value of the 2 bits corresponds to a preamble pattern.

[0288] The resource period for contention access ranges from 1 to 65536 superframes.

[0289] The superframe offset corresponding to the access resource, that is, the superframe in which the access resource pool is located during the resource period of contention access, ranges from 1 to 65536 superframes.

[0290] The resource period for contention access and the superframe offset corresponding to the access resource in each resource configuration information can determine the superframe in which the access resource configured by the resource configuration information is located. Each resource configuration information in at least one resource configuration information corresponds to an access resource pool in a resource period for contention access configured by the resource configuration information, or in other words, each resource configuration information in at least one resource configuration information can configure an access resource pool in a contention access period configured by the resource configuration information. As shown in FIG7 , an access resource pool corresponding to a resource configuration information is located within a resource period for contention access indicated by the resource configuration information, and on a superframe corresponding to the superframe offset corresponding to the access resource. For example, assuming that the superframe offset corresponding to the access resource is Noffset, the resource period for contention access includes resource period for contention access r-1, resource period for contention access r, resource period for contention access r+1, ..., resource period for contention access R, wherein the time length of each resource period for contention access is Qms, i.e., it includes Q superframes (superframe #0 to superframe #Q-1). For the resource period r of the contention access, the superframe occupied by the target access resource pool is the Noffsetth superframe after superframe #0. Q and Noffset are both positive integers, and Noffset <Q。

[0291] The first terminal node may determine the pattern of the target preamble code according to at least one resource configuration information in the system message.

[0292] The following describes how to determine the target preamble pattern in combination with different access procedures and the quantity of at least one resource configuration information.

[0293] When the process of the method provided in FIG. 4 is a contention access process (or in the method provided in FIG. 5 ), the pattern of the target preamble code may be determined according to the following method 1 and method 2.

[0294] Mode 1: at least one resource configuration information includes one resource configuration information, and the preamble pattern indicated by the resource configuration information is the pattern of the target preamble.

[0295] In the second approach, if at least two of the at least one resource configuration information items indicate access resource pools within the target superframe, the target preamble pattern is the preamble pattern with the higher priority among the preamble patterns indicated by the at least two resource configuration information items. This ensures access performance for terminal nodes that are far from the management node.

[0296] The target superframe is the superframe where the first time-frequency resource is located, that is, the superframe when S401, S502, or S602 is executed.

[0297] In a possible implementation, the priority of the preamble code indicated by each of the at least two pieces of resource configuration information is positively correlated with the coverage distance of the preamble code.

[0298] The following example illustrates at least one resource configuration information including resource configuration information #1 and resource configuration information #2. As shown in FIG8 , assuming that the preamble pattern includes the first to fourth preamble patterns, and the superframes include superframes #0 to #23, resource configuration information #1 indicates that the preamble pattern is the third preamble pattern, the resource period for contention access is configuration period 1 (8 superframes), and the superframe offset corresponding to the access resource is 2 superframes. Resource configuration information #2 indicates that the preamble pattern is the first preamble pattern, the resource period for contention access is configuration period 2 (6 superframes), and the superframe offset corresponding to the access resource is 4 superframes. The priority of the third preamble pattern is greater than the priority of the first preamble pattern. Then, as shown in (a) of FIG8 , superframes #0 to #23 include three complete configuration periods 1, and the access resource pool configured by resource configuration information #1 is located within the second superframe of each configuration period 1 (i.e., superframe #1, superframe #9, and superframe #17). Similarly, as shown in (b) of Figure 8 , superframes #0 to #23 include four complete configuration periods 2, and the access resource pool configured by resource configuration information #2 is located within the fourth superframe in each configuration period 2 (i.e., superframe #3, superframe #9, superframe #15, and superframe #21). It can be seen that the resource sets indicated by resource configuration information #1 and resource configuration information #2 are both located within superframe #9. Since the priority of the third preamble pattern is greater than the priority of the first preamble pattern, as shown in (c) of Figure 8 , the preamble pattern corresponding to superframe #9 is the third preamble pattern. When the target superframe is superframe #9, the target preamble pattern is the third preamble pattern.

[0299] In this way, in the event of a conflict in preamble patterns within a superframe, the corresponding preamble pattern with a long coverage distance can be preferentially selected, so that terminal nodes within the coverage distance of the management node can successfully access the network.

[0300] It should be understood that if only one of the at least one resource configuration information indicates an access resource pool located within the target superframe, the target preamble pattern is the preamble pattern indicated by the resource configuration information. For example, with reference to FIG8 , if the target superframe is superframe #1 or superframe #17, the target preamble pattern is the third preamble pattern. If the target superframe is superframe #3, superframe #15, or superframe #21, the target preamble pattern is the first preamble pattern.

[0301] In addition, the priority of the preamble pattern in the embodiment of the present application can also be understood as the priority of the resource configuration information indicating the preamble pattern. When the process of the method provided in Figure 4 is a non-contention access process, the target preamble pattern can be determined in the following way three.

[0302] When the process of the method provided in Figure 4 is a non-competitive access process (or in the method provided in Figure 6), the system message may also include a resource period for non-competitive access (hereinafter referred to as the second access period). At this time, the style of the target preamble code can be determined according to the following method three.

[0303] In a third approach, the first terminal node may select the first approach or the second approach to determine the access resources within each superframe according to the amount of resource configuration information, and determine the target preamble pattern together with the second access period.

[0304] The target preamble pattern is a preamble pattern with a higher priority among the preamble patterns indicated by at least one resource indication information within a non-contention access resource period. With reference to the example in (c) of FIG8 , assuming that superframes #0 to #23 are within a non-contention access resource period, the target preamble pattern is the third preamble pattern.

[0305] Design 2

[0306] Each piece of resource configuration information in the at least one piece of resource configuration information may further include one or more of the following: a sequence number u of the first root sequence. In a possible implementation, the value range of u is [0, 511].

[0307] Cyclic shift value C v In a possible implementation, the range of the cyclic shift value is [0,511].

[0308] The number N of preamble sequences used for contention access: In a possible implementation, the number of preamble sequences used for contention access ranges from [0, 64].

[0309] The first terminal node is based on the sequence number u of the first root sequence and the cyclic shift value C v Multiple preamble sequences can be obtained by combining the number N of preamble sequences used for contention access. The following further describes how the first terminal node obtains multiple preamble sequences:

[0310] The first terminal node calculates the N and C v Determine the sequence number of at least one root sequence, and then perform cyclic shift on the root sequence corresponding to each of the sequence numbers of the at least one root sequence. Assume that the determined sequence numbers of the root sequences include u, u+1, u+2, and u+3.

[0311] The first terminal node can generate a sequence corresponding to each root index, ie, a root sequence, by using the sequence number of at least one root sequence (also referred to as a root index) and the sequence length corresponding to the target preamble code.

[0312] The root sequence satisfies the relationship described in the following formula (5):

[0313] Where i = 0, 1, ..., L RA -1, u′ traverses the values ​​of u, u+1, u+2 and u+3, x u′ (i) represents the i-th element in the root sequence.

[0314] The first terminal node cyclically shifts the root sequence corresponding to each root sequence number to obtain multiple preamble codes. The sequence obtained by cyclically shifting a root sequence each time satisfies the relationship shown in the following formula (6): u′,v (n) = x u′ ((n+C v )mod L RA ); (6)

[0315] x u′,v (n) represents the nth element in the sequence after the cyclic shift of the sequence with root index u, C v is the cyclic shift value, i=(n+C v )mod L RA . L RA The length of the preamble sequence is determined by the first terminal node based on the target preamble pattern and the second correspondence. The second correspondence is pre-stored on the first terminal node. The second correspondence includes the relationship between the preamble pattern and the sequence length. For example, the second correspondence may be one or more of the correspondences in Table 2 above, which will not be further described here.

[0316] Any two preamble sequences from the multiple preamble sequences obtained by the first terminal node are mutually orthogonal. A portion of the multiple preamble sequences may be used for contention access, and the remaining preamble sequences from the multiple preamble sequences, except for the preamble sequences used for contention access, may be used for non-contention access. The number of preamble sequences used for contention access may be agreed upon by a protocol or preconfigured in the terminal node and the management node.

[0317] As shown in Figure 9, among the multiple preambles, the number of preamble sequences used for contention access is S, and the number of preamble sequences used for non-contention access is the number of the multiple preamble sequences minus S. For example, if the first terminal node is pre-configured with the first S preamble sequences among the multiple preamble sequences for contention access, and if the number of preamble sequences in the multiple preamble sequences is 64, then the number of preamble sequences used for non-contention access is 64 minus S.

[0318] Based on each of the multiple preamble sequences, a preamble can be obtained, and thus, multiple preambles can be obtained. Among the multiple preamble sequences, a preamble for contention access can be obtained based on the preamble sequence for contention access. Among the multiple preamble sequences, a preamble for non-contention access can be obtained based on the preamble sequence for non-contention access. The target preamble is one of the multiple preambles. In the contention access process, the target preamble is one of the preambles for contention access among the multiple preambles; in the non-contention access process, the target preamble is one of the preambles for non-contention access among the multiple preambles.

[0319] Design 3.

[0320] According to the pattern of the target preamble code and the frame type of the superframe, the first terminal node can determine the target access resource pool.

[0321] In one possible implementation, the symbols occupied by the target access resource pool in the target superframe are related to the target superframe's frame type and the target preamble pattern. Alternatively, the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool are determined based on the target superframe's frame type, the target preamble pattern, and a first correspondence; the first correspondence includes a correspondence between at least one combination of a superframe's frame type and a preamble pattern and the time domain resources occupied by the access resource pool. One combination of a superframe's frame type and a preamble pattern corresponds to one access resource pool.

[0322] The following describes the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool in different situations.

[0323] In case 1, the target superframe includes N symbols, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. If the combination of the target superframe's frame type and the target preamble pattern meets the first condition, the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool include at least one symbol of the N symbols, and at least one symbol is continuous. The first condition includes one of the following: the target superframe's frame type is the first frame type, and the target preamble pattern is the target preamble pattern. Alternatively, the target superframe's frame type is the first frame type, and the target preamble pattern is the second preamble pattern. Alternatively, the target superframe's frame type is the second frame type, and the target preamble pattern is the target preamble pattern. Alternatively, the target superframe's frame type is the second frame type, and the target preamble pattern is the second preamble pattern. Alternatively, the target superframe's frame type is the third frame type, and the target preamble pattern is the first preamble pattern. Alternatively, the target superframe's frame type is the third frame type, and the target preamble pattern is the second preamble pattern.

[0324] For example, as shown in Table 3, the first correspondence includes one or more of the following: the correspondence between the combination of the first frame type and the first preamble pattern and time domain resource #0, the correspondence between the combination of the first frame type and the second preamble pattern and time domain resource #1, the correspondence between the second frame type and the first preamble pattern and time domain resource #2, the correspondence between the second frame type and the second preamble pattern and time domain resource #3, the correspondence between the third frame type and the first preamble pattern and time domain resource #4, or the correspondence between the third frame type and the second preamble pattern and time domain resource #5. It can also be understood that the first correspondence may include at least one of the correspondences shown in Table 3 below.

[0325] Table 3

[0326] In this way, the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool are at the symbol level, and the time domain resources occupied can be minimized, thereby improving the resource utilization rate.

[0327] The above at least one symbol being continuous means that when at least one symbol includes one symbol, the symbol is continuous in the time domain; when at least one symbol includes multiple symbols, the multiple symbols are continuous in the time domain, or it can also be understood that the indexes of the multiple symbols are continuous.

[0328] In a possible implementation, the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool include the nth symbol to the Nth symbol among N symbols, where N and n are both positive integers, and 0 < n <= N. In other words, the symbols occupied by the target access resource pool are the last N - n + 1 symbols in the target superframe.

[0329] The time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool are respectively illustrated below in conjunction with the first frame type, the second frame type, and the third frame type.

[0330] As shown in FIG. 10, when the frame type of the target superframe is the first frame type, if the pattern of the target preamble is the first preamble pattern, the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool may be the last 1 symbol in the target superframe, that is, the Nth symbol. If the pattern of the target preamble is the second preamble pattern, the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool may be the last 3 symbols in the target superframe, that is, the (N - 2)th symbol, the (N - 1)th symbol, and the Nth symbol.

[0331] As shown in Figure 11, when the target superframe has the second frame type and the target preamble pattern is the first preamble pattern, the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool may be the last symbol of the target superframe, i.e., the Nth symbol. If the target preamble pattern is the second preamble pattern, the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool may be the last three symbols of the target superframe, i.e., the N-2th symbol, the N-1th symbol, and the Nth symbol.

[0332] As shown in Figure 12, when the target superframe type is the third frame type, if the target preamble pattern is the first preamble pattern, the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool can be the last symbol in the target superframe, that is, the Nth symbol. If the target preamble pattern is the second preamble pattern, the time domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool can be the last three symbols in the target superframe, that is, the N-2th symbol, the N-1th symbol, and the Nth symbol.

[0333] In this way, the continuity of non-access resources can be improved, thereby improving communication performance.

[0334] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the nth symbol refers to the symbol with a symbol index of n-1.

[0335] In a possible implementation, the first corresponding relationship may be configured by the management node or pre-stored in the first terminal node and the management node.

[0336] In case 2, the target superframe includes M first frames, each of the M first frames includes multiple symbols, M is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is less than 48. If the frame type of the target superframe and the pattern of the target preamble code meet the second condition, the time domain resources occupied by the access resource pool include at least one first frame among the M first frames, and the symbols in at least one first frame are continuous. The second condition includes one of the following multiple items: the frame type of the target superframe is the first frame type, and the pattern of the target preamble code is the third preamble code pattern. Alternatively, the frame type of the target superframe is the first frame type, and the pattern of the target preamble code is the fourth preamble code pattern. Alternatively, the frame type of the target superframe is the second frame type, and the pattern of the target preamble code is the third preamble code pattern.

[0337] For example, as shown in Table 4, the first correspondence includes one or more of the following: a correspondence between the combination of the first frame type and the third preamble pattern and time domain resource #6, a correspondence between the combination of the first frame type and the fourth preamble pattern and time domain resource #7, or a correspondence between the second frame type and the third preamble pattern and time domain resource #8. It can also be understood that the first correspondence may include at least one correspondence shown in Table 4 below.

[0338] Table 4

[0339] In this way, the time-domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool are at the frame level, enabling the target access resource pool to carry preambles with longer sequence lengths, thereby improving the access success rate. Or the target access resource pool can carry preambles with longer cyclic prefixes and / or longer guard intervals, improving the coverage distance.

[0340] In a possible implementation, the time-domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool include the symbols from the m-th first frame to the M-th first frame in M first frames, where m is a positive integer and 0 < m <= M. In other words, the target access resource pool occupies the (M - m + 1)-th first frame in the target superframe. That is, the time-domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool are at least the last one or more first frames in the target superframe, which can improve the continuity of non-access resources and thus enhance the communication performance.

[0341] Combined with the fact that the above superframe can include 8 first frames, in a possible implementation, M = 8.

[0342] The following takes the first frame type, the second frame type, and the third frame type as examples to illustrate the time-domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool respectively.

[0343] As shown in FIG. 13, when the type of the target superframe is the first frame type, if the pattern of the target preamble is the third preamble pattern, the time-domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool can be the (M - 1)-th first frame and the M-th first frame, that is, the time-domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool are the last 2 first frames in the target superframe. If the pattern of the target preamble is the fourth preamble pattern, the time-domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool can be from the (M - 2)-th first frame to the M-th first frame, that is, the time-domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool are the last 3 first frames in the target superframe.

[0344] As shown in FIG. 14, when the type of the target superframe is the second frame type, if the pattern of the target preamble is the third preamble pattern, the time-domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool can be from the (M - 2)-th first frame to the M-th first frame, that is, the time-domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool are the last 2 first frames in the target superframe.

[0345] It should be understood that in the first correspondence, the access resource pools corresponding to different combinations of the frame type of the superframe and the pattern of the preamble can be the same or different.

[0346] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, a time-domain resource (such as any one of the above time-domain resources #1 to time-domain resources #8) can include one symbol or multiple symbols.

[0347] It should be understood that the first corresponding relationship may include both the corresponding relationship in the above-mentioned case 1 and the corresponding relationship in case 2.

[0348] The frequency domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool may include: P frequency domain unit groups in the target superframe, where P is a positive integer, wherein each of the P frequency domain unit groups includes multiple continuous frequency domain units, and the frequency domain units in the P frequency domain unit groups are continuous.

[0349] The following uses carriers as an example to illustrate the frequency domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool. Assume that the carrier used for communication between the management node and the first terminal node includes 156 subcarriers from subcarrier #0 to subcarrier #155, and every 39 consecutive subcarriers constitute a subcarrier group. Then, as shown in Figure 15, the carrier includes a total of 4 subcarrier groups, namely subcarrier group #0 to subcarrier group #3. Among them, subcarrier group #0 includes subcarrier #0 to subcarrier #38, subcarrier group #1 includes subcarrier #39 to subcarrier #77, subcarrier group #2 includes subcarrier #78 to subcarrier #116, and subcarrier group #3 includes subcarrier #117 to subcarrier #155. In this case, the access resource pool can occupy 1 frequency domain unit group (P=1). For example, the frequency domain unit group occupied by the access resource pool can be subcarrier group #0, subcarrier #1, subcarrier #2 or subcarrier #3. Alternatively, the access resource pool can occupy 2 frequency domain unit groups (P=2). For example, the frequency domain unit groups occupied by the access resource pool may be subcarrier group #0 and subcarrier group #1, subcarrier group #1 or subcarrier group #2, subcarrier group #2 or subcarrier group #3. Alternatively, the access resource pool may occupy 3 frequency domain unit groups (P=3). For example, the frequency domain unit groups occupied by the access resource pool may be subcarrier group #0, subcarrier group #1 and subcarrier group #2, or subcarrier group #1, subcarrier group #2 and subcarrier group #3. Alternatively, the access resource pool may occupy 4 frequency domain unit groups (P=4). For example, the frequency domain unit groups occupied by the access resource pool may be subcarrier group #0 to subcarrier group #3.

[0350] In this way, multiple continuous frequency domain resources can be occupied, and the continuity of the frequency domain resources on the non-access resources can be ensured, thereby improving communication performance.

[0351] In a possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource occupies at least one frequency domain unit group among the P frequency domain unit groups, wherein the frequency domain units in the at least one frequency domain unit group are continuous.

[0352] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the access resource pool may also be referred to as an access resource set.

[0353] The frequency domain resources occupied by the target access resource pool can be indicated by a system message, that is, the frequency domain resources indicated in the resource configuration information indicating the pattern of the target preamble code. In this case, each resource configuration information also includes information for indicating the frequency domain resources occupied by the access resource pool, such as the access resource frequency domain indication. In one possible implementation scheme, the access resource frequency domain indication can be implemented by means of a bitmap. For example, when the minimum unit of the frequency domain resources occupied by the access resource is a subcarrier group, the number of subcarriers is 156, each subcarrier group includes 39 subcarriers, and the total number of subcarrier groups is 4, it can be implemented in the form of a 4-bit bitmap. In this case, each of the 4 bits corresponds to an indication of a subcarrier group. For example, each bit can indicate that the access resource pool occupies the subcarrier group corresponding to the bit by "1", and indicate that the access resource pool does not occupy the subcarrier group corresponding to the bit by "0". For example, the four bits in the bitmap "0011" correspond to subcarrier group #0 to subcarrier group #3 in sequence, so a frequency domain resource occupied by the access resource pool includes subcarrier group #2 and subcarrier group #3.

[0354] In one possible implementation, the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a star flash system.

[0355] In the embodiments of the present application, Bluetooth (BT) and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) may refer to each other. SparkLink or NearLink may both be overlapping networking modes for multiple piconets, and may both use the 2.4 GHz frequency band and frequency hopping technology, with similar features. SparkLink Low Energy (SLE), SparkLink Basic (SLB), or SparkLink Positioning (SLP) may also refer to each other.

[0356] Some embodiments of the solutions provided by this application are introduced below.

[0357] Example 1:

[0358] Bluetooth (BT) and SparkLink (or NearLink) can both form overlapping piconets, and both utilize the 2.4 GHz frequency band and frequency hopping technology. Their similarities allow for the reuse of some modules, saving chip cost, area, and power consumption. This allows for a high degree of chip resource reuse and rapid iteration across multiple chips.

[0359] BLE and SLE can share a set of RF architecture and channels. As shown in Figure 16, a chip architecture schematic diagram is provided for an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 16, it can be seen that through design, the central processing unit (CPU), radio frequency (RF) unit), analog baseband (ABB) unit, or modem (Modem) resource sharing can be achieved, and some modules of the media access control (MAC) layer can be reused to save chip area, reduce chip cost and power consumption. As shown in Figure 17, another chip architecture schematic diagram is provided for an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 17, the MAC units of BT, SLE and wireless fidelity (WIFI) are implemented independently, and the RF units and Modem units of each mode are all shared. As shown in Figure 18, another chip architecture schematic diagram is provided for an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 18, the MAC units of BT, SLE and WIFI are implemented independently, and the Modems of BT, SLE and WIFI are also implemented independently, and the RF units of each mode are all shared. Figure 19 shows another chip architecture diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 19, the MAC units of BT, SLE, and WIFI are independently implemented, while some modes, such as BT and SLE, share the modem. Other modes, such as WIFI, have their modem independently implemented, while all RF units are shared.

[0360] Example 2:

[0361] SLE chips can be manufactured using 14 / 28 / 40nm processes and packaged in chip size packages (CSP), ball grid arrays (BGA), and quad flat no-lead (QFN), with built-in or external flash memory. Depending on the application scenario, at least one of the following subsystems, including the power management unit (PMU), clock management unit (CMU), active optical network (AON), wireless local area network (WLAN) or BT, SLE, global navigation satellite system (GNSS), application (APP), and audio, can be placed on a single chip, minimizing area, maximizing functionality, and improving performance and reliability.

[0362] The present application provides a chip design method in which the SLE and other subsystems are integrated on a single chip. The subsystems of the chip can be tailored and combined according to different products, and different subsystems are connected via a bus.

[0363] As shown in Figure 20, a schematic diagram of a chip module framework provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in Figure 20, for products that require functional modules such as WIFI or GNSS and need to connect to Bluetooth and Star Flash devices, BT and SLE can be divided into different Systems, and then combined with WIFISystem, GNSSSystem, Always On System (AlwaysOnSystem), PMU, CMU, Flash memory, etc. on a single chip. Different subsystems are connected through a bus.

[0364] As shown in Figure 21, another schematic diagram of the chip module framework provided by an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from Figure 21, for end-side devices that do not require functional modules such as WIFI or GNSS but require audio functions, in order to save area and cost, BLE and SLE can be combined into one subsystem, and then combined with APPSystem, AudioSystem, AlwaysOnSystem, PMU, CMU, Flash, etc. on a single chip. Different subsystems are connected by a bus.

[0365] Figure 22 shows another schematic diagram of a chip module framework provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 22, for end-side devices that do not require functional modules such as WIFI or GNSS, nor audio functions, in order to save area and cost, BLE and SLE can be combined into one subsystem, which can then be combined with AlwaysOnSystem, CMU, PMU, Flash, etc. on a single chip, with different subsystems connected via a bus.

[0366] Example 3:

[0367] WiFi 2.4G frequency bands are between 2412 and 2472 MHz, while BT / BLE / SLE frequency bands are between 2402 and 2480 MHz, potentially interfering with each other. SLE and BT / BLE within the same core can be allocated service time slots through software scheduling, but SLE and BT / BLE / WiFi on different cores lack unified scheduling.

[0368] The embodiment of the present application provides a coexistence solution for SLE / BT / BLE / WIFI. Depending on whether SLE and BT / BLE / WIFI share the same antenna, the coexistence scenario is divided into different antenna coexistence (using different antennas) and shared antenna coexistence (using the same antenna), and different coexistence strategies are given.

[0369] For heterogeneous antenna coexistence, if SLE and BT / BLE coexist, the transmit and receive frequencies of SLE and BT / BLE can be kept different (i.e., frequency division multiplexing). The software can handle this based on the frequency hopping sequence (i.e., code division multiplexing), service cycle, and interval (i.e., time division multiplexing). If SLE and Wi-Fi coexist, if isolation cannot meet the requirements, it is necessary to avoid the WLAN channel (i.e., channel avoidance) to reduce the impact of WLAN. At the same time, a cluster scheduling mechanism can be added to aggregate and send Wi-Fi packets (i.e., cluster scheduling) to reduce the probability of WLAN interference.

[0370] For coexistence using the same antenna, a software static strategy or a hardware packet traffic arbitration (PTA) strategy can be used. The advantages of the software static strategy include minimal hardware requirements, minimal software modifications, and no dynamic radio frequency (RF) switching (such as RF recovery). The advantages of the PTA strategy include faster service state switching and finer switching time granularity.

[0371] Taking the coexistence of SLE and Wi-Fi as an example, Figure 23 shows a schematic diagram of the framework of a software static policy provided by an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from Figure 23, the software static policy may include: after SLE is started, the host (HOST) is configured through software to notify Wi-Fi to exit the current RF path. In this scenario, Wi-Fi can check the SLE startup flag, and the software can set it to switch from the current RF path to another RF path. The chip needs to support software setting switching.

[0372] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG24, a schematic diagram of the framework of a hardware arbitration time division (PTA) strategy provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. As can be seen from FIG24, the hardware arbitration time division (PTA) strategy includes: any combination of transmission (TX) and reception (RX) of each party is time-divided, and the PTA module will transmit the occupancy status of the radio frequency channel to each party respectively, using different level signals to indicate that the radio frequency channel is occupied by SLE / BT / BLE / WIFI, and this signal is used to notify the software or hardware to perform the corresponding processing. Different services can also set different PTA priorities, and high-priority services can seize air interface resources.

[0373] Example 4:

[0374] The Star Flash standard defines asynchronous and synchronous data links. Asynchronous links are divided into asynchronous unicast and multicast, and synchronous links are divided into synchronous unicast, multicast, and broadcast. This embodiment of the application designs a set of SLE link selection schemes based on the different real-time data requirements of different products. By connecting different devices in different scenarios, different data links can be used to support the needs of different product application scenarios.

[0375] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of a link establishment process according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 25 , after a terminal node sends a broadcast packet to a management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, an asynchronous unicast link is established between the management node and the terminal node, and data is transmitted over the established asynchronous unicast link.

[0376] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 26, after the terminal node sends a broadcast packet to the management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, an asynchronous multicast link is established between the management node and the terminal node, and data is transmitted over the established asynchronous multicast link.

[0377] For products that do not require real-time data (such as non-audio devices such as keyboards, mice, and styluses) or services (that is, the delay requirement of the product or service (also called service delay) is greater than the first value), an asynchronous unicast link as shown in Figure 25 or an asynchronous multicast link as shown in Figure 26 can be established for data transmission.

[0378] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 27, after the terminal node sends a broadcast packet to the management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, the management node and the terminal node first establish an asynchronous unicast link, then establish a synchronous unicast link, and transmit data over the established synchronous unicast link.

[0379] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 28, after the terminal node sends a broadcast packet to the management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, the management node and the terminal node first establish an asynchronous unicast link, then establish a synchronous multicast link, and transmit data over the established synchronous multicast link.

[0380] For products (such as audio devices such as headphones and microphones) or services with real-time data requirements (that is, the delay requirement of the product or service is less than the second value), as shown in Figure 27 or Figure 28, an asynchronous unicast link can be established first, and then a synchronous unicast link or a synchronous multicast link can be established for data transmission.

[0381] Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 29, after the terminal node sends a broadcast packet to the management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, an asynchronous unicast link is established between the management node and the terminal node, and data transmission is performed after synchronization is achieved by adding timestamps to the data packets.

[0382] Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of another link establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 30 , after the terminal node sends a broadcast packet to the management node, the management node sends a scan access request to the terminal node. Furthermore, after the terminal node sends a scan access response to the management node, an asynchronous multicast link is established between the management node and the terminal node, and data transmission is performed after synchronization is achieved by adding timestamps to the data packets.

[0383] For products (such as audio devices such as headsets and live microphones) or services that have data real-time requirements but not particularly high real-time requirements (that is, the delay requirement of the product or service is less than the first value and greater than the second value), asynchronous unicast or asynchronous multicast links can also be established to achieve synchronization by adding timestamps to data packets.

[0384] Embodiment 5:

[0385] As shown in Figure 31, the StarFlash protocol defines four different radio frame types. Each frame format corresponds to different sensitivity, frame length, modulation mode, and synchronization sequence. Physical layer parameter negotiation can be used to select different frame formats in different scenarios to maximize performance benefits. The following examples provide examples of selecting different frame formats in different scenarios.

[0386] Figure 32 shows an example of a frame format application in a scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application. For low-latency products (such as keyboards, mice, styluses, toothbrushes, microphones, etc.) or business scenarios (i.e., products or services requiring a latency less than the first duration), frame format 1 is selected for broadcast access. After entering the connected state, frame format 2 is switched through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0387] As shown in Figure 33, an example of frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. Among them, for products (such as mobile phones, headphone audio) or business scenarios that have both low latency (i.e., the latency requirement of the product or service is less than the first duration) and anti-interference demands (i.e., the anti-interference capability requirement of the product or service is greater than the set threshold), frame format 1 is selected for broadcast access, and after entering the connected state, it is switched to frame format 2 or frame format 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0388] As shown in Figure 34, an example of frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. Among them, for extremely low-cost devices that only support Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) frame format (GFSK maximum transmission power is higher than phase shift keying (PSK)), or devices that are sensitive to maximum transmission power (i.e., the maximum transmission power must be greater than the first power threshold), frame format 1 is selected for broadcast access, and frame format switching is no longer performed subsequently.

[0389] As shown in Figure 35, an example of frame format application in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. For the ultra-long-distance coverage scenario of the Internet of Things (IoT), frame format 4 is selected for broadcasting and connection. When the distance is shortened, frame format 2 or 3 can be switched through physical layer parameter negotiation. Otherwise, frame format 4 is maintained.

[0390] It should be noted that the frame format one in the embodiment of the present application can also be called the frame format corresponding to the Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 1, the frame format two in the embodiment of the present application can also be called the frame format corresponding to the Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 2, the frame format three in the embodiment of the present application can also be called the frame format corresponding to the Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 3, and the frame format four in the embodiment of the present application can also be called the frame format corresponding to the Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 4.

[0391] The above describes in detail the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application in conjunction with Figures 3 to 35. The following describes in detail the communication device for executing the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application in conjunction with Figures 36 and 37.

[0392] For example, Figure 36 is a first structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the communication device 3600 includes a module for sending an access request message. The access request message includes a target preamble. A module for receiving an access response message. The access response message includes information indicating a first timing advance corresponding to the first terminal node. The first timing advance is determined by the management node based on the target preamble and is used for uplink synchronization of the first terminal node.

[0393] In one possible implementation, the access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, the first time-frequency resource is the resource in the target access resource pool, the target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located in the unlicensed frequency band.

[0394] In one possible implementation, the access response message is carried on the second time-frequency resource, and the communication device 3600 further includes: a module for receiving first downlink control information. The first downlink control information includes first information indicating the second time-frequency resource and second information. The second information is verification information of the first information scrambled based on an identifier of the first time-frequency resource.

[0395] In one possible implementation, the access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, the first time-frequency resource is the resource in the target access resource pool, the target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a non-competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located in the unlicensed frequency band.

[0396] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 further includes: a module for receiving second downlink control information, wherein the second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource.

[0397] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 may further include a module for generating an access request message.

[0398] The module for sending the access request message may be the communication module 3601; the module for receiving the access response message may be the communication module 3601; the module for receiving the first downlink control information may be the communication module 3601. The module for receiving the second downlink control information may be the communication module 3601.

[0399] It should be understood that the above-mentioned communication module 3601 may include a receiving unit (not shown in Figure 36) and a sending unit (not shown in Figure 36), wherein the above-mentioned module for receiving the access response message may be a receiving unit, the above-mentioned module for receiving the first downlink control information may be a receiving unit, the above-mentioned module for receiving the second downlink control information may be a receiving unit, and the above-mentioned module for sending the access request message may be a sending unit.

[0400] The module for generating the access request message may be the processing module 3602 .

[0401] The communication module 3601 and the processing module 3602 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module at the same time; or, the communication module 3601 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module, and the processing module 3602 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in other modules of the module where the processing module 3602 is located; or, the processing module 3602 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module, and the communication module 3601 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in other modules of the module where the processing module 3602 is located. The embodiment of the present application does not make any specific restrictions on this.

[0402] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals, and at least one of the Star Flash module, Bluetooth module and WiFi module shares at least one of the RF unit, modem unit, MAC unit and CPU.

[0403] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device 3600 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals, but does not support the transmission of WiFi signals. The Star Flash module and the Bluetooth module are located in the same subsystem of the communication device 3600, and the subsystem and the power management module PMU are integrated in the communication device 3600.

[0404] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth modules or WiFi modules coexists and communicates with the Star Flash module through different antennas, and the coexistence strategy is channel avoidance.

[0405] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 is further used to determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the link corresponding to the opposite device and / or the service for data transmission according to the link selection strategy.

[0406] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 is also used to: determine the type of the peer device and / or the service delay of the peer device, including: determining the type of the peer device, the type of the peer device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the peer device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the peer device.

[0407] In one possible implementation, the link selection strategy includes: when the service delay is greater than a first value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link before performing data transmission; or, when the service delay is less than the first value and greater than a second value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link, achieving synchronization by adding timestamps to data packets, and then performing data transmission; or, when the service delay is less than the second value, first establishing an asynchronous unicast link, and then establishing a synchronous unicast link or a synchronous multicast link before performing data transmission.

[0408] In a possible implementation, when the communication device 3600 is a non-audio device, the communication device 3600 is further configured to: transmit data via an asynchronous unicast or asynchronous multicast link.

[0409] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device 3600 is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the frame format type corresponding to the type of the opposite device and / or the service type of the opposite device according to the frame format selection strategy; wherein the frame format type includes Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 1, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 2, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 3 or Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 4.

[0410] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 is also used to: determine the type of the peer device and / or the service delay of the peer device, including: determining the type of the peer device, the type of the peer device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the peer device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the peer device.

[0411] In one possible implementation scheme, the frame format selection strategy includes: when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 through physical layer parameter negotiation after the connection state; or, when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration and the service anti-interference capability requirement is greater than the set threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation after entering the connection state; or, when the type of the opposite device is a device that only supports wireless frame type 1, or a device with a maximum transmission power greater than the first power threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access; or, when the service type of the opposite device is an Internet of Things (IoT) ultra-long-distance coverage service, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device 3600 is greater than the first threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 4 for broadcast and connection, or, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device 3600 is less than or equal to the first threshold, switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0412] In one possible implementation, when the communication device 3600 is a non-audio device, the communication device 3600 is also used to: select Starflash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and after entering the connection state, switch to Starflash wireless frame type 2 for data transmission through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0413] In other embodiments, a communication device 3600 is provided. The communication device 3600 operates in an unlicensed frequency band and includes: a module for receiving an access request message, wherein the access request message includes a target preamble; and a module for sending an access response message. The access response message includes information indicating a first timing advance corresponding to a first terminal node. The first timing advance is determined by a management node based on the target preamble and is used by the first terminal node for uplink synchronization.

[0414] In one possible implementation scheme, the access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, the first time-frequency resource is the resource in the target access resource pool, the target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located in the unlicensed frequency band.

[0415] In one possible implementation, the access response message is carried on the second time-frequency resource, and the communication device 3600 further includes: a module for sending first downlink control information. The first downlink control information includes information indicating the second time-frequency resource and second information. The second information is verification information of the first information scrambled based on an identifier of the first time-frequency resource.

[0416] In one possible implementation scheme, the access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, the first time-frequency resource is the resource in the target access resource pool, the target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a non-competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located in the unlicensed frequency band.

[0417] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 further includes: a module for sending second downlink control information, wherein the second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource.

[0418] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 further includes: a module for generating an access response message.

[0419] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 further includes: a module for generating first downlink control information.

[0420] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 further includes: a module for generating second downlink control information.

[0421] The module for receiving the access request message may be the communication module 3601, the module for receiving the access request message may be the communication module 3601, and the module for sending the first downlink control information may be the communication module 3601. The module for sending the first downlink control information may be the communication module 3601.

[0422] It should be understood that the above-mentioned communication module 3601 may include a receiving unit (not shown in Figure 36) and a sending unit (not shown in Figure 36), wherein the above-mentioned module for receiving the access request message may be a receiving unit, the above-mentioned module for receiving the access request message may be a sending unit, the above-mentioned module for sending the first downlink control information may be a sending unit, and the above-mentioned module for sending the first downlink control information may be a sending unit.

[0423] The module for generating the access response message may be the processing module 3602. The module for generating the first downlink control information may be the processing module 3602. The module for generating the second downlink control information may be the processing module 3602.

[0424] The communication module 3601 and the processing module 3602 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module at the same time; or, the communication module 3601 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module, and the processing module 3602 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in other modules of the module where the processing module 3602 is located; or, the processing module 3602 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in the Star Flash module, the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module, and the communication module 3601 in the embodiment of the present application can be deployed in other modules of the module where the processing module 3602 is located. The embodiment of the present application does not make any specific restrictions on this.

[0425] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals, and at least one of the Star Flash module, Bluetooth module and WiFi module shares at least one of the RF unit, modem unit, MAC unit and CPU.

[0426] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device 3600 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals, but does not support the transmission of WiFi signals. The Star Flash module and the Bluetooth module are located in the same subsystem of the communication device 3600, and the subsystem and the power management module PMU are integrated in the communication device 3600.

[0427] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth modules or WiFi modules coexists and communicates with the Star Flash module through different antennas, and the coexistence strategy is channel avoidance.

[0428] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 is further used to determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the link corresponding to the opposite device and / or the service for data transmission according to the link selection strategy.

[0429] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 is further configured to: determine the type of the peer device and / or the service delay of the peer device, including: determining the type of the peer device, where the type of the peer device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type;

[0430] When the type of the opposite device is an audio device, a service delay of the opposite device is determined.

[0431] In a possible implementation, the link selection strategy includes: when the service delay is greater than a first value, establishing an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link and then performing data transmission; or

[0432] When the service delay is less than the first value and greater than the second value, an asynchronous unicast link or an asynchronous multicast link is established, and data transmission is performed after synchronization is achieved by adding timestamps to data packets; alternatively, when the service delay is less than the second value, an asynchronous unicast link is first established, and then a synchronous unicast link or a synchronous multicast link is established before data transmission.

[0433] In one possible implementation scheme, the communication device 3600 is also used to: determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the frame format type corresponding to the type of the opposite device and / or the service type of the opposite device according to the frame format selection strategy; wherein the frame format type includes Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 1, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 2, Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 3 or Star Flash Wireless Frame Type 4.

[0434] In one possible implementation, the communication device 3600 is also used to: determine the type of the peer device and / or the service delay of the peer device, including: determining the type of the peer device, the type of the peer device includes an audio device type or a non-audio device type; when the type of the peer device is an audio device type, determining the service delay of the peer device.

[0435] In one possible implementation scheme, the frame format selection strategy includes: when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 through physical layer parameter negotiation after the connection state; or, when the service delay requirement of the opposite device is less than the first duration and the service anti-interference capability requirement is greater than the set threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access, and switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation after entering the connection state; or, when the type of the opposite device is a device that only supports wireless frame type 1, or a device with a maximum transmission power greater than the first power threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 1 for broadcast access; or, when the service type of the opposite device is an Internet of Things (IoT) ultra-long-distance coverage service, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device 3600 is greater than the first threshold, selecting Star Flash wireless frame type 4 for broadcast and connection, or, when the distance between the opposite device and the communication device 3600 is less than or equal to the first threshold, switching to Star Flash wireless frame type 2 or Star Flash wireless frame type 3 through physical layer parameter negotiation.

[0436] For example, FIG37 is a second structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device may be a terminal node or a management node, or a chip (system) or other component or assembly that can be provided in a terminal node or a management node. As shown in FIG37 , a communication device 3700 may include a processor 3701. Optionally, the communication device 3700 may further include a memory 3702 and / or a transceiver 3703. The processor 3701 is coupled to the memory 3702 and the transceiver 3703, such as by a communication bus.

[0437] The following is a detailed introduction to the various components of the communication device 3700 with reference to FIG37 :

[0438] The processor 3701 is the control center of the communication device 3700 and can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 3701 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0439] Optionally, the processor 3701 can perform various functions of the communication device 3700 by running or executing software programs stored in the memory 3702 and calling data stored in the memory 3702.

[0440] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 3701 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in Figure 37.

[0441] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 3700 may also include multiple processors, such as the processor 3701 and the processor 3704 shown in FIG37 . Each of these processors may be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). The processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0442] Among them, the memory 3702 is used to store the software program for executing the solution of this application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 3701. The specific implementation method can refer to the above method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0443] Alternatively, the memory 3702 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 3702 may be integrated with the processor 3701 or exist independently and be coupled to the processor 3701 via an interface circuit (not shown in FIG. 37 ) of the communication device 3700, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0444] Transceiver 3703 is used for communication with other communication devices. For example, if communication device 3700 is a terminal node, transceiver 3703 can be used to communicate with a management node or another terminal node. For another example, if communication device 3700 is a management node, transceiver 3703 can be used to communicate with a terminal node or another management node.

[0445] Optionally, the transceiver 3703 may include a receiver and a transmitter (not shown separately in FIG37 ), wherein the receiver is used to implement a receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement a sending function.

[0446] Optionally, the transceiver 3703 can be integrated with the processor 3701, or can exist independently and be coupled to the processor 3701 through the interface circuit of the communication device 3700 (not shown in Figure 37). This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0447] It should be noted that the structure of the communication device 3700 shown in Figure 37 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. The actual communication device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0448] In addition, the technical effects of the communication device 3700 can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0449] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a CPU, but may also be other general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0450] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or can include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a ROM, a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an EEPROM, or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a RAM, which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0451] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0452] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein simply describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, the character " / " as used herein generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. For specific understanding, please refer to the context.

[0453] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0454] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0455] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0456] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0457] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0458] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0459] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0460] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0461] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a first terminal node, where the first terminal node operates in an unlicensed frequency band, the method includes: Sending an access request message; wherein the access request message includes a target preamble; Receive an access response message; wherein the access response message includes information for indicating a first timing advance corresponding to the first terminal node; the first timing advance is determined by the management node according to the target preamble code, and the first timing advance is used for the first terminal node to perform uplink synchronization.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, which is the resource in the target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a resource period of competitive access, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located within the unlicensed frequency band.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The access response message is carried on the second time-frequency resource. Before receiving the access response message, the method further includes: Receive first downlink control information; wherein the first downlink control information includes first information for indicating the second time-frequency resource, and second information; the second information is verification information of the first information obtained by scrambling the identifier of the first time-frequency resource.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The access response message also includes one or more of the following information: information for identifying the first terminal node within the coverage distance of the management node, information for indicating the target preamble code, and information for indicating the resources carrying the conflict resolution request message; wherein the conflict resolution request message includes information for the first terminal node to request conflict resolution.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, which is the resource in the target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a non-competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located within the unlicensed frequency band.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The first time-frequency resource is determined according to a first identifier of the first terminal node.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The first time-frequency resource satisfies the following relationship: i=mod(PhysID,numY); Among them, i is the index of the first time-frequency resource, mod represents the modulo operation, PhysID is the identifier of the first terminal node, and numY is the total number of access resources in the non-contention access resource period.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The total number of access resources within the non-contention access resource period satisfies the following relationship: Among them, D nonconAccess is the length of the resource period for non-contention access, N p is the number of resource periods for non-contention access on the carrier for communication with the first terminal node, N f is the number of frequency domain resources configured in the network for accessing the network, and N is the number of preamble codes configured in the cell where the first terminal node is located for competing for access.

9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Before sending the access request message, the method further includes: Receive second downlink control information; wherein the second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The second downlink control information further includes information indicating that the first time-frequency resource is available.

11. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that If there are at least two preamble codes indicated by resource configuration information in the resource period of the non-contention access, the pattern of the target preamble code is the pattern of the preamble code with a higher priority among the patterns of the at least two preamble codes indicated by the resource configuration information.

12. The method according to any one of claims 2, 3, or 5-11, characterized in that: The access response message also includes information for indicating a second timing advance corresponding to the second terminal node; the second terminal node is a terminal node that sends a second preamble code on the first time-frequency resource, the second timing advance is determined based on the second preamble code, and the second timing advance is used for the second terminal node to perform uplink synchronization.

13. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a management node, the management node operating in an unlicensed frequency band, the method comprising: receiving an access request message; wherein the access request message includes a target preamble; Send an access response message; wherein, the access response message includes information for indicating a first timing advance corresponding to the first terminal node; the first timing advance is determined by the management node according to the target preamble code, and the first timing advance is used for the first terminal node to perform uplink synchronization.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, which is the resource in the target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a resource period of competitive access, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located within the unlicensed frequency band.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The access response message is carried on the second time-frequency resource. Before sending the access response message, the method further includes: Send first downlink control information; wherein the first downlink control information includes information for indicating the second time-frequency resource, and second information; the second information is verification information of the first information based on the identification scrambling of the first time-frequency resource.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that The access response message also includes one or more of the following information: information for identifying the first terminal node within the coverage distance of the management node, information for indicating the target preamble code, and information for carrying resources for the conflict resolution request message; wherein the conflict resolution request message includes information for the first terminal node to request conflict resolution.

17. The method according to claim 13, wherein The access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, which is the resource in the target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a non-competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located within the unlicensed frequency band.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The first time-frequency resource is determined according to a first identifier of the first terminal node.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The first time-frequency resource satisfies the following relationship: i=mod(PhysID,numY); Among them, i is the index of the first time-frequency resource, mod represents the modulo operation, PhysID is the identifier of the first terminal node, and numY is the total number of access resources in the non-contention access resource period.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that The total number of access resources within the non-contention access resource period satisfies the following relationship: Among them, D nonconAccess is the length of the resource period for non-contention access, N p is the number of resource periods for non-contention access on the carrier for communication with the first terminal node, N f is the number of frequency domain resources configured in the network for accessing the network, and N is the number of preamble codes configured in the cell where the first terminal node is located for competing for access.

21. The method according to claim 17, wherein Before receiving the access request message, the method further includes: Send second downlink control information; wherein the second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The second downlink control information further includes information indicating that the first time-frequency resource is available.

23. The method according to claim 17, wherein If there are at least two preamble codes indicated by resource configuration information in the resource period of the non-contention access, the pattern of the target preamble code is the pattern of the preamble code with a higher priority among the patterns of the at least two preamble codes indicated by the resource configuration information.

24. The method according to any one of claims 14, 15, 17 or 23, wherein: The access response message also includes information for indicating a second timing advance corresponding to the second terminal node; the second terminal node is a terminal node that sends a second preamble code on the first time-frequency resource, the second timing advance is determined based on the second preamble code, and the second timing advance is used for the second terminal node to perform uplink synchronization.

25. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises: A module for sending an access request message; wherein the access request message includes a target preamble; A module for receiving an access response message; wherein the access response message includes information for indicating a first timing advance corresponding to the first terminal node; the first timing advance is determined by the management node based on the target preamble code, and the first timing advance is used for uplink synchronization of the first terminal node.

26. The communication device according to claim 25, characterized in that The access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, which is the resource in the target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a resource period of competitive access, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located within the unlicensed frequency band.

27. The communication device according to claim 26, characterized in that The access response message is carried on the second time-frequency resource, and the communication device further includes: A module for receiving first downlink control information; wherein the first downlink control information includes first information for indicating the second time-frequency resource, and second information; the second information is verification information of the first information obtained by scrambling the identifier of the first time-frequency resource.

28. The communication device according to claim 25, wherein: The access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, which is the resource in the target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a non-competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located within the unlicensed frequency band.

29. The communication device according to claim 28, wherein: The communication device further includes: A module for receiving second downlink control information; wherein the second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource.

30. The communication device according to any one of claims 25 to 29, characterized in that: The communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Star Flash module, Bluetooth module and WiFi module shares at least one of the radio frequency RF unit, modem unit, media access control MAC unit and central processing unit CPU.

31. The communication device according to any one of claims 25 to 30, characterized in that: The communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals, but does not support the transmission of WiFi signals. The Star Flash module and the Bluetooth module are located in the same subsystem of the communication device, and the subsystem and the power management module PMU are integrated in the communication device.

32. The communication device according to any one of claims 25 to 31, characterized in that The communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth module or WiFi module and the Star Flash module coexist and communicate through different antennas, and the coexistence strategy is channel avoidance.

33. The communication device according to any one of claims 25 to 32, characterized in that The processing module is further configured to determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the link corresponding to the opposite device and / or the service for data transmission according to a link selection strategy.

34. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device operates in an unlicensed frequency band, and the communication device includes: A module for receiving an access request message; wherein the access request message includes a target preamble; A module for sending an access response message; wherein the access response message includes information for indicating a first timing advance corresponding to a first terminal node; the first timing advance is determined by a management node based on the target preamble code, and the first timing advance is used for uplink synchronization of the first terminal node.

35. The communication device according to claim 34, characterized in that The access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, which is the resource in the target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a resource period of competitive access, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located within the unlicensed frequency band.

36. The communication device according to claim 35, characterized in that The access response message is carried on the second time-frequency resource, and the communication device further includes: A module for sending first downlink control information; wherein the first downlink control information includes information for indicating the second time-frequency resource, and second information; the second information is verification information of the first information encrypted based on the identifier of the first time-frequency resource.

37. The communication device according to claim 34, wherein: The access request message is carried on the first time-frequency resource, which is the resource in the target access resource pool. The target access resource pool is a collection of resources used to carry the access request message within a non-competitive access resource period, and the frequency band of the resources in the target access resource pool is located within the unlicensed frequency band.

38. The communication device according to claim 37, wherein: The communication device further includes: A module for sending second downlink control information; wherein the second downlink control information includes information for instructing the first terminal node to perform carrier switching and information about the first time-frequency resource.

39. The communication device according to any one of claims 34 to 38, characterized in that The communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Star Flash module, Bluetooth module and WiFi module shares at least one of the radio frequency RF unit, modem unit, media access control MAC unit and central processing unit CPU.

40. The communication device according to any one of claims 34 to 39, characterized in that The communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals, but does not support the transmission of WiFi signals. The Star Flash module and the Bluetooth module are located in the same subsystem of the communication device, and the subsystem and the power management module PMU are integrated in the communication device.

41. The communication device according to any one of claims 34 to 40, characterized in that The communication device is also used to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals or WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth module or WiFi module and the Star Flash module coexist and communicate through different antennas, and the coexistence strategy is channel avoidance.

42. The communication device according to any one of claims 34 to 41, characterized in that The communication device is further configured to determine the type of the opposite device and / or the service delay of the opposite device, and determine the link corresponding to the opposite device and / or the service for data transmission according to a link selection strategy.

43. A communication device, characterized in that include: processor; The processor is configured to be coupled to a memory and, after reading instructions from the memory, execute the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 24 according to the instructions.

44. A communication device, characterized in that include: processor and interface circuit; wherein, The interface circuit is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the processor; The processor is configured to execute the code instructions to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

45. A communication device, characterized in that The communication device includes a processor and a transceiver, the transceiver is used to exchange information between the communication device and other communication devices, and the processor executes program instructions to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

46. ​​A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

47. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises: a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

48. A chip system, characterized in that include: At least one processor and a communication interface, wherein the at least one processor is coupled to a memory via the communication interface, and when the at least one processor executes a computer program or instruction in the memory, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 24 is executed.

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