Battery fire extinguishing system, battery pack, and vehicle

Abstract

A vehicle (100), comprising a battery pack (20). The battery pack comprises a battery fire extinguishing system. The battery fire extinguishing system comprises a cold plate (6), first flow channels (13), and release holes (14); the cold plate is used for cooling battery cells (3); the first flow channels are formed in the cold plate, and used for circulating a fire extinguishing agent; the release holes are formed in the top of the first flow channels; and the fire extinguishing agent is configured to be released towards the battery cells through the release holes.

Description

Battery fire extinguishing system, battery pack, vehicle

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on March 29, 2024, with application number 2024103858728 and application name “Battery fire extinguishing system, battery pack, vehicle”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application generally relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically to a battery fire extinguishing system, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0003] The current active detection and fire extinguishing systems mainly rely on electronic devices such as voltage, temperature, and smoke sensors within the battery pack. The accuracy and sensitivity of their monitoring needs to be improved, and they are prone to false alarms. In addition, there is still a phenomenon where the battery management system is unable to accurately warn of thermal runaway behavior due to the lack of early thermal runaway sampling. As a result, the active sprinkler fire-fighting system cannot work in a timely manner, and its timeliness and effectiveness of fire extinguishing are greatly reduced. In addition, most current designs of on-board sprinkler systems require a storage unit to store fire extinguishing agents, and use complex pipes, nozzles, and valves to ensure comprehensive coverage and effective cooling of any battery cells that may run away. The production cost and installation space are difficult to achieve in actual implementation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The Summary of the Invention introduces a series of simplified concepts that will be further described in the Detailed Description of the Invention. The Summary of the Invention of this application is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0005] To at least partially solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present application discloses a battery fire extinguishing system, comprising:

[0006] A cold plate, used to cool the battery cell;

[0007] a first flow channel provided in the cold plate for circulating a fire extinguishing agent; and

[0008] A release hole is provided at the top of the first flow channel, and the fire extinguishing agent is suitable for being released toward the battery core through the release hole.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of release holes are provided at the top of the first flow channel along the length direction of the first flow channel.

[0010] Optionally, the cold plate further comprises:

[0011] The second flow channel is used for circulating coolant, and the second flow channel and the first flow channel are spaced apart in the cold plate.

[0012] Optionally, the first flow channel is close to the first surface of the cold plate in the cold plate, the second flow channel is close to the second surface of the cold plate in the cold plate, the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the first surface is adjacent to the battery cell.

[0013] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the first flow channel and the second flow channel includes a top, a first waist, a second waist and a bottom, the first waist and the second waist are arranged between the top and the bottom, the first waist and the second waist are straight or arc-shaped, the length of the top is greater than that of the bottom, and the top is close to the surface of the cold plate.

[0014] Optionally, the battery fire extinguishing system further includes:

[0015] The first inlet is connected to the first flow channel, the first inlet is suitable for inputting a fire extinguishing agent into the first flow channel, and the first inlet is arranged on a side of the battery pack.

[0016] Optionally, the battery fire extinguishing system further includes:

[0017] an injection valve, the injection valve being disposed at the first inlet and being adapted to inject a fire extinguishing agent into the first flow channel after the injection valve is opened;

[0018] A liquid injection pipeline is connected to the liquid injection valve, and the liquid injection pipeline is suitable for inputting fire extinguishing agent into the first flow channel.

[0019] Optionally, the battery fire extinguishing system further includes:

[0020] A detection device is arranged at the charging port of the vehicle. The detection device is suitable for sending a detection signal to the vehicle's battery management system when an abnormality is detected in the battery pack. The battery management system is suitable for opening the injection valve.

[0021] Optionally, the battery fire extinguishing system further includes:

[0022] The second inlet is connected to the second flow channel, the second inlet is suitable for inputting coolant into the second flow channel, and the second inlet is arranged on the side of the battery pack.

[0023] Optionally, the first inlet and the second inlet are arranged adjacent to each other on a side of the battery pack.

[0024] Optionally, the battery fire extinguishing system further includes:

[0025] A sealing valve is provided at the release hole, the sealing valve is adjacent to the battery core, the sealing valve is adapted to be opened when the battery core reaches a preset temperature, and the fire extinguishing agent is adapted to be released toward the battery core through the sealing valve.

[0026] Optionally, the sealing valve comprises:

[0027] a first valve plate disposed outside the first flow channel;

[0028] a connecting post disposed in the release hole; and

[0029] The second valve plate is disposed inside the first flow channel and clamps the top of the first flow channel together with the first valve plate.

[0030] Optionally, the sealing valve is in an elongated strip shape as a whole.

[0031] Optionally, the sealing valve is made of polyethylene or polypropylene, and the melting point of the sealing valve is 120°C-160°C.

[0032] Optionally, a plurality of sealing valves are provided at the top of the first flow channel along the length direction of the first flow channel.

[0033] Optionally, a plurality of the first flow channels are provided, and a switch is provided at the entrance of each of the first flow channels, so that each of the first flow channels can be controlled to be on or off respectively.

[0034] A second aspect of the present application provides a battery pack, comprising the battery fire extinguishing system according to any one of the above technical solutions.

[0035] A third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle comprising a battery pack according to any one of the above technical solutions.

[0036] According to a battery fire extinguishing system, battery pack, and vehicle of the present application, a fire extinguishing agent flow channel for circulating the fire extinguishing agent is provided in the battery pack cold plate, and a release hole is reserved at the top of the fire extinguishing agent flow channel. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the fire extinguishing agent is released toward the battery cell from the release hole, thereby quickly cooling and extinguishing the battery cell and module that have thermal runaway, ensuring the timeliness and effectiveness of the handling when thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, preventing the spread of thermal runaway, and can reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery pack and improve the space utilization of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The following drawings of the embodiments of the present application are hereby incorporated as part of the present application for understanding the present application. The drawings show the embodiments of the present application and their descriptions, and are used to explain the principles of the present application. In the drawings,

[0038] FIG1 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG2 is a perspective view of a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG3 is a top view of a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present application, excluding the upper cover;

[0041] FIG4 is a top view of a cold plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG5 is a front view of a cold plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG6 is a front view of a fire extinguishing agent flow channel according to a preferred embodiment of the present application

[0044] FIG7 is a front view of a fire extinguishing agent inlet and a refrigerant inlet according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG8 is a connection structure diagram of a liquid injection valve according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG9 is a working principle diagram of a liquid injection valve according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG10 is a top view of a cold plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG11 is a top view of a cold plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG12 is a front view of a fire extinguishing agent flow channel according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG13 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG14 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0053] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1: upper cover; 2: tray; 3: battery cell; 4: second inlet; 5: lower guard plate; 6: cold plate; 7: screw hole; 8: rivet; 9: explosion-proof valve; 10: first inlet; 11: sealing valve; 111: first valve plate; 112: connecting column; 113: second valve plate; 12: second flow channel; 13: first flow channel; 14: release hole; 15: liquid injection valve; 16: liquid injection pipe; 17: liquid injection port; 18: charging port; 19: vehicle body; 20: battery pack; 30: drive device; 100: vehicle. Specific embodiments

[0054] In the following description, a large number of specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, some technical features well known in the art are not described in order to avoid confusion with the present application.

[0055] In order to thoroughly understand the present application, a detailed description will be provided in the following description. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art. Obviously, the implementation of the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the art. The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, but in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present application may also have other embodiments.

[0056] Ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” cited in this application are merely identifiers and do not have any other meanings, such as a specific order, etc. Moreover, for example, the term “first component” itself does not imply the existence of a “second component”, and the term “second component” itself does not imply the existence of a “first component”.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and are not restrictive.

[0058] The present application discloses a battery fire extinguishing system, a battery pack 20 and a vehicle 100 .

[0059] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , and FIG. 4 , in a preferred embodiment, a battery fire extinguishing system includes: a cold plate 6 , a first flow channel 13 , and a release hole 14 .

[0061] The cold plate 6 is used to cool the battery cell 3. The cold plate 6 is in contact with the battery cell 3 and can cool the battery cell 3.

[0062] The first flow channel 13 is provided in the cold plate 6 and is used to circulate the fire extinguishing agent, which is in liquid state;

[0063] The release hole 14 is provided at the top of the first flow channel 13, and the fire extinguishing agent is suitable for being released toward the battery cell 3 through the release hole 14. The release hole 14 can be a suitable type such as a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a square hole or a rectangular hole.

[0064] The battery fire extinguishing system in this embodiment, based on the existing CTB battery pack cold plate 6, proposes a passive fire safety system based on the integrated molded cold plate 6. A fire extinguishing agent flow channel for circulating the fire extinguishing agent is provided in the battery pack cold plate 6, and a release hole 14 is reserved at the top of the fire extinguishing agent flow channel. When the battery cell 3 experiences thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing agent is released toward the battery cell 3 from the release hole 14, thereby quickly cooling and extinguishing the battery cell 3 and module experiencing thermal runaway. This ensures the timeliness and effectiveness of handling the thermal runaway of the battery cell 3, thereby preventing the spread of thermal runaway, reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery pack 20, and improving the space utilization of the battery pack 20.

[0065] The fire extinguishing agent in this embodiment can be perfluorohexanone. Perfluorohexanone (PERFLUORO) is a colorless, odorless, transparent liquid at room temperature, easily vaporized, and has a molecular formula of C6F 12 O.

[0066] Perfluorohexanone is a liquid at room temperature. Its heat of evaporation is only 1 / 25 that of water, while its vapor pressure is 25 times that of water. These properties make it easily vaporized and present in a gaseous state. It primarily absorbs heat to extinguish fires. In terms of environmental protection, it is a truly green and environmentally friendly fire extinguishing agent. With a fire extinguishing concentration of 4-6%, perfluorohexanone has a relatively high safety margin, making its use safer for humans. Perfluorohexanone is a liquid at room temperature and is not classified as a hazardous material. It can be stored in ordinary containers at normal pressure and can be stored and transported (including by air) over a wide temperature range, unlike other halon substitutes, which require pressure vessels for storage and transportation. Perfluorohexanone is used as a replacement for halon 1211 fire extinguishers or in total flooding and local application systems for Class B fire protection.

[0067] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , multiple release holes 14 are provided at the top of the first flow channel 13 along its length. The provision of multiple release holes 14 allows coverage of all battery cells 3, ensuring timely and effective handling of thermal runaway of the battery cells 3. The fire extinguishing agent, passing through the first flow channel 13, can cool the battery pack 20 and suppress thermal diffusion of the battery cells 3.

[0068] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , the cold plate 6 further comprises:

[0069] The second flow channel 12 is used for circulating the coolant. The second flow channel 12 and the first flow channel 13 are spaced apart in the cold plate 6 .

[0070] The coolant in the second flow channel 12 circulates, removing the high temperature from the battery cells 3, cooling them down, or heating them up. The coolant cools or heats the battery pack 20, ensuring the battery maintains an optimal operating temperature. Leveraging the uniform distribution of the second flow channel 12 within the cold plate 6, a first flow channel 13 for circulating the fire extinguishing agent is provided adjacent to the second flow channel 12.

[0071] As shown in FIG4 , the second flow channel 12 is evenly arranged in the cold plate 6 to ensure the consistency of the temperature change of the cold plate 6 . The same arrangement also ensures that the first flow channel 13 is also evenly arranged in the cold plate 6 to ensure that the first flow channel 13 fully covers the battery cells 3 . Regardless of any battery cell 3 having thermal runaway, the sealing valve 11 at the corresponding position will melt, thereby quickly releasing the fire extinguishing agent to achieve the effect of cooling, extinguishing the fire, and isolating the air.

[0072] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 5, and 6, the first flow channel 13 is located in the cold plate 6 close to the first surface of the cold plate 6, the second flow channel 12 is located in the cold plate 6 close to the second surface, the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the first surface is adjacent to the battery cell 3.

[0073] The first surface and the second surface are two large planes of the cold plate 6 . By arranging the first flow channel 13 close to the first surface, it is convenient to release the fire extinguishing agent to the battery cells 3 .

[0074] As shown in FIG5 , a cross-sectional view of the flow channel structure of the cold plate 6 and a partially enlarged schematic view thereof, the first flow channels 13 and the second flow channels 12 are alternately arranged in the cold plate 6 , thereby ensuring comprehensive, consistent, and efficient coverage of the battery cells 3 of the entire battery pack 20 . If any battery cell 3 experiences thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing agent can cover the position of the runaway battery cell 3 to prevent the thermal runaway from spreading.

[0075] In addition, the first flow channel 13 is formed and manufactured based on the cold plate 6. With the help of the mechanical strength of the cold plate 6 itself, the support and sealing of its fire extinguishing agent flow channel are guaranteed, redundant pipeline settings are reduced, costs are effectively reduced, and the space for additional storage of fire extinguishing agent in the battery pack 20 is reduced. It also helps to improve the mechanical strength and impact strength of the battery pack 20 itself. The first flow channel 13 will not interfere with the high-voltage copper bus and low-voltage sampling harness inside the battery pack 20.

[0076] At the same time, the first flow channel 13 can be designed according to the actual arrangement of the flow channels in the cold plate 6, and the design scheme is flexible and adaptable, and has high feasibility.

[0077] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the cross-sectional shape of the first flow channel 13 and the second flow channel 12 includes a top, a first waist, a second waist, and a bottom. The first waist and the second waist are disposed between the top and the bottom. The first waist and the second waist are linear or arcuate. The top is longer than the bottom, and the top is close to the surface of the cold plate 6. The cross-sectional shape of the first flow channel 13 and the second flow channel 12 is trapezoidal or bowl-shaped, with the larger top close to the surface of the cold plate 6. This arrangement facilitates the separation of the second flow channel 12 and the first flow channel 13 in the cold plate 6, fully utilizing the space of the cold plate 6 and facilitating the installation of the sealing valve 11.

[0078] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG7 and FIG8 , the battery fire extinguishing system further includes:

[0079] The first inlet 10 is connected to the first flow channel 13 , and the fire extinguishing agent can be input into the first flow channel 13 through the first inlet 10 . The first inlet 10 is disposed on a side of the battery pack 20 .

[0080] After the battery pack 20 is assembled, the first inlet 10 needs to be exposed to the side of the battery pack 20 to facilitate the input of the fire extinguishing agent into the first flow channel 13. Only one first inlet 10 can be provided because the fire extinguishing agent does not need to circulate in the first flow channel 13.

[0081] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG7 and FIG8 , the battery fire extinguishing system further includes:

[0082] The injection valve 15 is provided at the first inlet 10 and is adapted to input the fire extinguishing agent into the first flow channel 13 after being opened;

[0083] The liquid injection pipe 16 is connected to the liquid injection valve 15 and is suitable for inputting fire extinguishing agent into the first flow channel 13 .

[0084] When not extinguishing a fire, injection valve 15 is closed to ensure the seal of battery pack 20. A first end of injection pipe 16 is connected to injection valve 15, and a second end of injection pipe 16 is connected to injection port 17. Injection port 17 is located on vehicle body 19, and can be located near charging port 18. Fire extinguishing agent can be introduced into injection pipe 16 through injection port 17.

[0085] The injection pipe 16 can be a flexible pipe or a rigid pipe.

[0086] By connecting the injection pipe 16 and the injection valve 15, the fire extinguishing agent is filled through the injection port 17 on the vehicle body 19 and flows through the injection pipe 16 into the first flow channel 13 inside the cold plate 6. The battery cell 3 is cooled and the fire is extinguished by opening the release hole 14, thereby suppressing the spread of heat diffusion, reducing the probability of the fire spreading to the entire vehicle, and improving the space utilization of the battery pack 20.

[0087] Existing technical solutions often use a storage tank filled with fire extinguishing agent and a preset pressure. This tank is then connected to the battery pack 20 via a pipeline. A spray line with a valve body is pre-installed inside the battery pack 20. When a temperature or smoke alarm is detected, the valve body is triggered to open and close. Compared with a battery pack 20 without a fire extinguishing device, this method has a certain fire extinguishing function. However, the installation of the external storage tank and the installation of the spray line require a large amount of space and are overly dependent on the sensitivity and reliability of the monitoring unit. This method can suppress thermal runaway in the early stages, but its effectiveness is limited when the battery cell 3 has already lost control and continues to release a large amount of heat. Currently, firefighters only cool the entire vehicle and battery pack 20 by spraying a large amount of water. Due to the sealed structure of the battery pack 20, it is impossible to directly cool the area around the faulty battery cell 3. This method has a low cooling effect, and the flushing of large amounts of water poses a risk of water intrusion into the high-voltage components of the entire vehicle, causing additional property damage.

[0088] The battery fire extinguishing system of this embodiment injects fire extinguishing agent into the battery pack 20 through the injection pipe 16. The fire extinguishing agent acts on the thermally runaway cells 3, rapidly reducing the temperature of the thermally runaway cells 3 and suppressing heat diffusion, thereby preventing the fire from spreading to the vehicle body 19. Compared to the current firefighting method used by firefighters to cool the exterior of the battery pack 20 by spraying large amounts of water, the battery fire extinguishing system of this embodiment directly injects fire extinguishing agent into the battery pack 20, thereby minimizing firefighting and rescue time and achieving a more effective fire suppression effect.

[0089] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG8 and FIG9 , the battery fire extinguishing system further includes:

[0090] The detection device is provided at the charging port 18 of the vehicle 100. When the detection device detects an abnormality in the battery pack 20, it sends a detection signal to the battery management system of the vehicle 100, which is then adapted to open the injection valve 15. The detection device can be formed by a CC resistor. In the figure, a CC1 resistor (e.g., 50Ω) is provided for the AC port, and a CC2 resistor (e.g., 500Ω) is provided for the DC port.

[0091] The Battery Management System (BMC) in Figure 9 is electrically connected to charging port 18 (both the AC and DC ports). Charging port 18 is equipped with a specific resistor. By monitoring the specific resistance of AC / DC charging port 18 and controlling the opening of injection valve 15 using the BMC, firefighters can continuously inject fire extinguishing agent directly into battery cell 3 through injection port 17 from outside vehicle 100. This method is more efficient than external water spraying for cooling. The fire extinguishing agent can be any of perfluorohexanone, carbon dioxide, water, or liquid nitrogen.

[0092] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG10 and FIG11 , the battery fire extinguishing system further includes:

[0093] The second inlet 4 is connected to the second flow channel 12 , and the coolant can be input into the second flow channel 12 through the second inlet 4 . The second inlet 4 is provided on a side surface of the battery pack 20 .

[0094] After the battery pack 20 is assembled, the second inlet 4 needs to be exposed to the side of the battery pack 20 to facilitate the input of coolant into the second flow channel 12. The second flow channel 12 is also provided with an outlet, through which the coolant can circulate in the second flow channel 12.

[0095] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG10 , the first inlet 10 and the second inlet 4 are adjacently disposed on a side surface of the battery pack 20 . This configuration simplifies the side structure of the battery pack 20 , eliminating the need to provide an inlet on other sides.

[0096] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG11 , the first inlet 10 and the second inlet 4 are arranged on two opposite sides of the battery pack 20. This arrangement facilitates increasing the number of second inlets 4. If multiple first flow channels 13 are provided, each first flow channel 13 is provided with a second inlet 4 to facilitate individual control of each first flow channel 13.

[0097] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG10 and FIG11 , the battery fire extinguishing system further includes:

[0098] The sealing valve 11 is arranged at the release hole 14 . The sealing valve 11 is adjacent to the battery core 3 . The sealing valve 11 is suitable for opening when the battery core 3 reaches a preset temperature. The fire extinguishing agent is suitable for being released toward the battery core 3 through the sealing valve 11 .

[0099] A release hole 14 is provided at the top of the first flow channel 13 , and the sealing valve 11 is provided at the release hole 14 , so the sealing valve 11 is located on the surface of the cold plate 6 .

[0100] When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 3, the heat generated is sufficient to cause the sealing valve 11 to melt quickly and release the fire extinguishing agent, thereby quickly cooling down and extinguishing the battery cell 3 and module that have thermal runaway, ensuring the timeliness and effectiveness of handling the thermal runaway of the single battery cell 3 and preventing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0101] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG12 , the sealing valve 11 includes:

[0102] A first valve plate 111 , which is disposed outside the first flow channel 13 ;

[0103] The connecting post 112 is disposed in the release hole 14 ; the cross-sectional shape of the connecting post 112 needs to be consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the release hole 14 ;

[0104] The second valve plate 113 is disposed inside the first flow channel 13 and clamps the top of the first flow channel 13 together with the first valve plate 111 .

[0105] With this arrangement, the sealing valve 11 can be firmly fixed to the release hole 14. The first valve plate 111, the connecting column 112, and the second valve plate 113 are integrally formed, for example, at the release hole 14 by injection molding.

[0106] Furthermore, a sealant treatment can be applied to the contact edge of the sealing valve 11 and the first flow channel 13 to ensure that the fire extinguishing agent does not leak into the battery pack 20 during normal use.

[0107] In one embodiment, the sealing valve 11 is in an elongated shape as a whole. Since the length of the first flow channel 13 is long and the width is relatively narrow, this setting can improve the stability of the sealing valve 11 at the release hole 14 and the sealing performance of the sealing valve 11 to the release hole 14.

[0108] In one embodiment, the sealing valve 11 is made of polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), and the melting point of the sealing valve 11 is 120°C-160°C. This temperature range is the dangerous temperature value of the battery cell 3. When the temperature of the battery cell 3 reaches this temperature range, the sealing valve 11 can be quickly melted, thereby opening the release hole 14 and releasing the fire extinguishing agent outward.

[0109] Existing vehicle-mounted fire extinguishing systems typically utilize electronic components similar to smoke alarms, relying excessively on the sensitivity and reliability of monitoring units. This significantly reduces the response time and fire-extinguishing effectiveness of these protective measures in the event of a violent, uncontrolled fire in a battery cell 3. Most fire extinguishing systems require separate fire extinguisher tanks to store the extinguishing agent, as well as spray piping and nozzle control to ensure the spray path passes over every battery cell 3. This increases the complexity and cost of the battery system design.

[0110] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 10 and 11 , multiple sealing valves 11 are disposed at the top of the first flow channel 13 along its length. Because the first flow channel 13 is relatively long, this arrangement improves the coverage of the battery cells 3 by the sealing valves 11, preventing some battery cells 3 from lacking safety protection and ensuring comprehensive, consistent, and efficient coverage of the battery cells 3 throughout the battery pack 20. If any battery cell 3 experiences thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing agent can be promptly and efficiently sprayed to the location of the runaway cell 3, preventing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0111] In one embodiment, multiple first flow channels 13 are provided, and a switch is provided at the entrance of each first flow channel 13 to control the opening and closing of each first flow channel 13. This configuration enables two or more first flow channels 13 to be opened or blocked, thereby ensuring that when a battery cell 3 experiences thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing agent can be released promptly, in large quantities, and in a concentrated manner to the target battery cell 3 area, ensuring complete cooling and fire extinguishing.

[0112] As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 13 , and FIG. 14 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery pack 20 , comprising the battery fire extinguishing system according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0113] The battery pack 20 further includes a tray 2, a lower guard plate 5 and an upper cover 1. A plurality of battery cells 3 are placed in the tray 2, and each battery cell 3 is connected end to end.

[0114] Above the tray 2 and battery cells 3 is the upper cover 1. Screw holes 7 are located in the center of the upper cover 1 for securing the battery to the vehicle body 19. The upper cover 1 is secured to the tray 2 via rivets 8, maintaining a seal. The lowest component of the battery pack 20 is the lower guard plate 5, also secured to the tray 2 via rivets 8. A cold plate 6 is located between the lower guard plate 5 and the battery cells 3 to cool them.

[0115] An explosion-proof valve 9 is provided at the end of the tray 2 . When the battery cells 3 lose control, the gas in the battery pack 20 can be discharged through the explosion-proof valve 9 to relieve the pressure of the battery cells 3 in the tray 2 .

[0116] In one embodiment, when the battery cell 3 loses control, the heat generated by the battery cell 3 can rapidly increase the temperature of the battery cell 3 and the surrounding environment to reach the melting point of the sealing valve 11, rapidly melting it and releasing the fire extinguishing agent in a timely manner.

[0117] An embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle 100 , comprising the battery pack 20 according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0118] As shown in FIG. 15 , the battery pack 20 provides electrical energy for the operation of the vehicle 100 , for example, it can provide electrical energy for the drive device 30 .

[0119] In one embodiment, the battery pack 20 and the vehicle body 19 form a CTB battery-body integration. The biggest highlight of the CTB battery-body integration technology is that the battery pack 20 is used as part of the vehicle body structure, participating in the construction of the vehicle body strength, and having energy absorption and energy transfer functions. Therefore, the strength of the battery pack 20 affects the body strength of the entire vehicle to a certain extent.

[0120] A battery fire extinguishing system, a battery pack 20, and a vehicle 100 according to the present application have the following features:

[0121] While ensuring the battery is sealed, the present application can monitor the specific resistance of the AC / DC charging port 18 and use the BMC to control the opening of the injection valve 15. Firefighters can continuously inject fire extinguishing agent directly into the battery cell 3 through the injection port 17 outside the vehicle 100. Compared with the external water spray cooling method, the fire extinguishing efficiency is higher.

[0122] This application can rely on the low melting point of the plastic sealing valve 11 material itself to achieve timely detection, precise spraying, and efficient cooling and fire extinguishing effects. It also effectively improves the space utilization of the battery pack 20, reduces redundant piping settings, and effectively reduces costs.

[0123] This application is formed and manufactured based on the cold plate 6. With the help of the mechanical strength of the cold plate 6 itself, the support and sealing of the enclosed space for the circulation of the fire extinguishing agent are guaranteed, reducing the space for additional storage of the fire extinguishing agent in the battery pack 20, and also helping to improve the mechanical strength and impact strength of the battery pack 20 itself, and will not interfere with the high-voltage copper bus and low-voltage sampling harness inside the battery pack 20.

[0124] The present application can be designed based on the actual arrangement of the flow channels in the cold plate 6. The design scheme is flexible and adaptable, and highly feasible. The description of the flow channel arrangement of the cold plate 6 in the present application cannot be regarded as a restriction on the present application.

[0125] The fire extinguishing agent used in this application can be perfluorohexanone, a colorless and transparent liquid. Once the battery cell 3 suffers from thermal runaway, the temperature of the runaway battery cell 3 and the surrounding environment will quickly exceed the melting point of the plastic sealing valve 11, resulting in the rapid release of perfluorohexanone, which will vaporize and take away a large amount of heat to reduce the temperature of the runaway battery cell 3, forming a non-flammable environment inside the battery pack 20, and then discharged to the outside through the explosion-proof valve 9 of the battery pack 20 together with the flue gas. The non-flammable atmosphere formed can effectively reduce the probability of fire and combustion of the battery cell 3 and the risk of arcing.

[0126] The processes and steps described in all the preferred embodiments described above are merely examples. Unless adverse effects occur, various processing operations may be performed in a different order from the above process. The order of the steps in the above process may also be increased, combined, or deleted according to actual needs.

[0127] In understanding the scope of this application, the term "comprise" and its derivatives as used herein are intended to be open terms that specify the presence of recited features, elements, components, groups, wholes, and / or steps, but do not exclude the presence of other unrecorded features, elements, components, groups, wholes, and / or steps. This concept also applies to words with similar meanings, such as the terms "include," "have," and their derivatives.

[0128] As used herein, the terms "attached" or "attached" include: configurations where an element is directly secured to another element by securing it directly to the other element; configurations where an element is indirectly secured to the other element by securing it to an intermediate member that is in turn secured to the other element; and configurations where one element is integral with the other, i.e., one element is substantially a part of the other. This definition also applies to words with similar meanings such as "connect," "connect," "couple," "mount," "bond," "secure," and their derivatives. Finally, terms of degree such as "substantially," "approximately," and "approximately" as used herein represent an amount of deviation that would modify the term such that the end result would not be significantly changed.

[0129] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art in the art of this application. The terms used herein are merely for describing specific implementation purposes and are not intended to limit this application. Features described herein in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment alone or in combination with other features, unless the feature is not applicable in the other embodiment or is otherwise indicated.

[0130] The present application has been described through the above-described embodiments, but it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are for illustrative and illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present application to the described embodiments. In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that various variations and modifications may be made based on the teachings of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

Claims

1. A battery fire extinguishing system, wherein: include: A cold plate (6), the cold plate (6) being used to cool the battery core (3); a first flow channel (13), the first flow channel (13) being provided in the cold plate (6) and being used for circulating a fire extinguishing agent; as well as A release hole (14) is provided at the top of the first flow channel (13), and the fire extinguishing agent is suitable for being released toward the battery core (3) through the release hole (14).

2. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of release holes (14) are provided at the top of the first flow channel (13) along the length direction of the first flow channel (13).

3. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein: The cold plate (6) further comprises: A second flow channel (12), wherein the second flow channel (12) is used for circulating a coolant, and the second flow channel (12) and the first flow channel (13) are spaced apart in the cold plate (6).

4. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 3, wherein: The first flow channel (13) is located in the cold plate (6) close to a first surface of the cold plate (6), the second flow channel (12) is located in the cold plate (6) close to a second surface, the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the first surface is adjacent to the battery cell (3).

5. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 3, wherein: The cross-sectional shape of the first flow channel (13) and the second flow channel (12) includes a top, a first waist, a second waist and a bottom, the first waist and the second waist are arranged between the top and the bottom, the first waist and the second waist are straight or arc-shaped, the length of the top is greater than that of the bottom, and the top is close to the surface of the cold plate (6).

6. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 3, wherein: Also includes: A first inlet (10), the first inlet (10) is connected to the first flow channel (13), the first inlet (10) is suitable for inputting a fire extinguishing agent into the first flow channel (13), and the first inlet (10) is arranged on a side of the battery pack (20).

7. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 6, wherein: Also includes: an injection valve (15), the injection valve (15) being disposed at the first inlet (10), and the injection valve (15) being adapted to be opened to input a fire extinguishing agent into the first flow channel (13); A liquid injection pipe (16), the liquid injection pipe (16) is connected to the liquid injection valve (15), and the liquid injection pipe (16) is suitable for inputting fire extinguishing agent into the first flow channel (13).

8. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 7, wherein: Also includes: A detection device is provided at a charging port (18) of a vehicle (100), and is adapted to send a detection signal to a battery management system of the vehicle (100) when an abnormality is detected in a battery pack (20), wherein the battery management system is adapted to open the injection valve (15).

9. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 6, wherein: Also includes: A second inlet (4), the second inlet (4) is connected to the second flow channel (12), the second inlet (4) is suitable for inputting coolant into the second flow channel (12), and the second inlet (4) is arranged on a side of the battery pack (20).

10. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 9, wherein: The first inlet (10) and the second inlet (4) are adjacently arranged on a side surface of the battery pack (20).

11. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: A sealing valve (11), the sealing valve (11) being arranged at the release hole (14), the sealing valve (11) being adjacent to the battery core (3), the sealing valve (11) being adapted to be opened when the battery core (3) reaches a preset temperature, and the fire extinguishing agent being adapted to be released toward the battery core (3) through the sealing valve (11).

12. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 11, wherein: The sealing valve (11) comprises: a first valve plate (111), the first valve plate (111) being arranged outside the first flow channel (13); a connecting post (112), the connecting post (112) being disposed in the release hole (14); and The second valve plate (113) is arranged inside the first flow channel (13) and clamps the top of the first flow channel (13) with the first valve plate (111).

13. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 12, wherein: The sealing valve (11) is in the shape of an elongated strip as a whole.

14. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 11, wherein: The sealing valve (11) is made of polyethylene or polypropylene, and the melting point of the sealing valve (11) is 120°C-160°C.

15. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 11, wherein: Along the length direction of the first flow channel (13), a plurality of sealing valves (11) are provided at the top of the first flow channel (13).

16. The battery fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of the first flow channels (13) are provided, and a switch is provided at the entrance of each of the first flow channels (13), so that each of the first flow channels (13) can be controlled to be on or off respectively.

17. A battery pack (20), comprising a battery cell (3), wherein: It also includes a battery fire extinguishing system according to any one of claims 1-16.

18. A vehicle (100), wherein: Comprising a battery pack (20) according to claim 17.

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