Active fire protection device for two wheeler electric vehicle battery pack

Abstract

A fire protection device for battery pack in a vehicle is disclosed the device comprising: a plurality of sensor modules coupled to a battery management system (BMS), and is configured to detect at least one condition associated with the battery pack; a control unit coupled to the plurality of the sensor modules; and at least one fire suppressor coupled to the control unit, wherein the control unit is configured to receive at least one input from the plurality of sensor modules, the input indicating the at least one condition associated with the battery pack analyse input value associated with the condition to determine if the input value condition is beyond a threshold value; activate the fire suppressor based on determination that the input value is beyond the threshold value; and send feedback of fire suppression to the BMS.

Description

[0001] ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION DEVICE FOR TWO WHEELER ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERY PACK

[0002] FIELD OF INVENTION

[0003]

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to the automobile industry, and specifically relates to a fire protection device for battery packs of electric vehicles.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005]

[0002] The subject matter discussed in the background section should not be assumed to be prior art merely as a result of its mention in the background section. Similarly, a problem mentioned in the background section or associated with the subject matter of the background section should not be assumed to have been previously recognized in the prior art. The subject matter in the background section merely represents different approaches, which in and of themselves may also correspond to implementations of the claimed technology.

[0006]

[0003] Electric vehicles are becoming an increasingly popular segment of the automobile industry across the world. Some of the benefits accrued by users of electric two-wheeler vehicles include the low running cost, ease of maintenance, storage space, and low noise. In addition to the benefits provided to the users, electric vehicles are also environment-friendly as they do not contribute to carbon emission due to the use of battery pack as a power source, and the popular choice of battery pack is Lithium (Li) -ion battery due to its high efficiency and high energy density.

[0007]

[0004] Li-ion battery pack consists of high energy dense individual Li-ion cells, and highly flammable electrolytes. Due to external damage, internal short circuits caused due to aging, manufacturing defects etc. to the Li-ion cells may lead them into thermal runaway. Thermal runaway of the Li-ion cells may cause fire in the electric vehicle. In the event of thermal runaway, fire comes either out of the positive cap of the Li-ion cell or through the rupture of the side wall of the Li-ion cell caused by the excess pressure. The above-mentioned thermal events of the Li-ion cells are addressed by monitoring cell temperature and rate of temperature rise of cells using a battery management system of the electric vehicle. The battery management system takes precautionary action based on the feedback from temperature sensing. In some cases, Fire suppressant polymer materials are also used between the cells to avoid propagation of thermal runaway to the neighbouring cells. However, this approach does not consider the increased pressure and the physical damage to the battery pack.

[0008]

[0005] Hence, there is a need for developing a device to avoid and mitigate fire in the event of thermal runaway in the electric vehicle battery pack.

[0009] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0010]

[0006] An object of the invention is to detect a rise in oxygen levels in the normal stage of battery pack or carbon monoxide levels or hydrogen levels when pressure rises in the battery pack, and very high temperature of air or smoke.

[0011]

[0007] Another objective of the invention is to detect mechanical damage in the battery back by an impact sensor.

[0012]

[0008] Yet another objective of the invention is to release a controlled amount of fire extinguisher agent in case of fire in the battery pack.

[0013] SUMMARY

[0014]

[0009] A general aspect of the invention is about a fire protection device for battery pack in a vehicle, comprising: a plurality of sensor modules coupled to a battery management system (BMS), and is configured to detect at least one condition associated with the battery pack; a control unit coupled to the plurality of the sensor modules; and at least one fire suppressor coupled to the control unit, wherein the control unit is configured to: receive at least one input from the plurality of sensor modules, the input indicating the at least one condition associated with the battery pack; analyse input value associated with the condition to determine if the input value condition is beyond a threshold value; activate the fire suppressor based on determination that the input value is beyond the threshold value; and send feedback of fire suppression to the BMS.

[0015]

[0010] Yet another aspect of the invention is the one condition associated with the battery pack comprises at least one of impact, pressure, cell voltage or temperature associated with the battery pack. [Oil] In another aspect the fire suppressor is further configured to receive a consent signal from operator of vehicle based on threshold value of the temperature associated with the battery pack.

[0016]

[0012] In another aspect, the plurality of sensor module includes at least an impact sensor, a temperature sensor, a gas sensor, and a pressure sensor.

[0017]

[0013] In another aspect, device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the temperature is sensed by a temperature sensing tap placed in the battery pack.

[0018]

[0014] In an aspect, fire suppressor includes an aerosol agent / compound for extinguishing fire.

[0019]

[0015] In another aspect, the voltage is sensed by a voltage sensing tape placed in the battery pack.

[0020]

[0016] In another aspect, the voltage sensing tapes are placed in the battery pack.

[0021] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022]

[0017] The accompanying drawings constitute a part of the description and are used to provide further understanding of the present invention. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0023]

[0018] Fig. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary fire protection device for battery pack of electric vehicles, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024]

[0019] Fig. 1(a) illustrates a block diagram depicting detailed working of fire protection system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025]

[0020] Fig. 2 illustrates flow chart of fire safety system / operation, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026]

[0021] Fig. 3 illustrates a 3D representation of positioning of fire suppressor on the battery pack.

[0027]

[0022] Fig. 4 illustrates block diagram depicting placement of fire suppressors in the battery pack, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Fig. 5 illustrates a 3D representation of NTC (Temperature Sensing Tape) in the battery pack in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028]

[0024] Fig. 6 illustrates a block diagram depicting placement of temperature sensing tape and voltage sensing tape in the battery pack, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029]

[0025] Fig. 7 illustrates a block diagram depicting placement of gas / pressure sensor in the battery pack, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030]

[0026] Fig. 8 illustrates a plot depicting Cell Guard test to show detection of cell venting in a battery pack, one of the earliest signs of a potential thermal runaway, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032]

[0027] The description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the present invention may be practiced. Each embodiment described in this invention is provided merely as an example or illustration of the present invention, and should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.

[0033]

[0028] Electric automobiles, especially two-wheeler vehicles have been growing in popularity and demand due to the several benefits and advantages offered by such vehicles and electric vehicles use a battery pack to power the motor, mostly a Li-ion battery pack. The Li-ion batteries are the most popular choice in the electric automobile industry due to its high efficiency, high energy density, low cost, etc. However, li-ion batteries are prone to fire hazards due to a high number of li-ion cells packed in a battery pack and highly flammable electrolytes. Hence, protection of the battery pack and the electric vehicle, especially with regard to the fire hazard of the battery pack, is possible by early detection of traits of the thermal runaway of li- ion cells.

[0029] Thermal runaway in a lithium ion cell is accompanied by initial temperature rise, pressure build-up and highly flammable gas / electrolyte vapor venting in the battery pack. Thus, if these initial events are not controlled, then the cell may go into an uncontrolled thermal runaway event, setting the neighbouring Li-ion cells into the thermal runway too. However, the thermal runaway events can be detected before the fire hazard by detecting multiple parameters including, pressure inside the battery pack, presence of oxygen and carbon monoxide, mechanical damage to the battery pack, etc.

[0034]

[0030] The present invention relates to the fire protection device for battery packs of electric vehicles. The present invention comprises a sensor unit which further includes a plurality of sensors to sense multiple parameters such as pressure inside the battery pack, presence of oxygen and carbon monoxide, mechanical damage to the battery pack, etc. Additionally, the present invention comprises a control unit that triggers the fire extinguisher, upon detecting the multiple parameters. In one embodiment, the control unit may be configured to operate as a fire suppression driver to operate the fire extinguisher independently or communicate to a Battery Management System (BMS) to trigger the fire extinguisher.

[0035]

[0031] Fig. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary fire protection device for battery packs of electric vehicles, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The device 100 is configured to release a controlled amount of fire extinguisher into a battery pack 118 of the electric vehicle, in case of a thermal runaway of the battery pack or fire hazard in the battery pack of the electric vehicle.

[0036]

[0032] The device 100 may comprise a control unit 102, a battery management system 104, a sensor unit 106, a fire extinguisher 116, and the battery pack 118. Further, the sensor unit 106 may comprise a Pressure sensor 108 configured to sense pressure inside the battery pack, a Gas sensor 110 configured to sense presence of hydrogen, carbon monoxide etc. in the battery pack, an Impact sensor 112 configured to sense mechanical damage to the battery pack, and a Temperature sensor 114 configured to sense temperature and rate of temperature rise of the battery pack. Further, the sensor unit 106 may be configured to transmit the sensed parameters by the sensors to the control unit 102.

[0037]

[0033] Further, the control unit 102 of the device 100 may be, but not limited to, a processor or a microcontroller. The control unit 102 may be configured to trigger the release of fire extinguisher agent from the fire extinguisher 116 into the battery pack 118 of the electric vehicle, upon a determination of a plurality of pre-defined conditions of the battery pack 118 based on the sensed parameters by the sensor unit 106. The plurality of pre-defined conditions may be, a rise in oxygen levels in the normal stage of battery pack 118 or a rise in carbon monoxide levels when the pressure rises inside the battery pack 118, very high temperature of air or smoke in or around the battery pack 118, and a mechanical damage to the battery pack 118.

[0038]

[0034] Further, the battery management system 104 of the device 100 may be configured to discharge or charge cut off the battery pack 118 of the electric vehicle, upon a determination of a plurality of pre-defined checks of the battery pack 118 based on the sensed parameters by the sensor unit 106. The plurality of pre-defined checks may be, a sudden rise in pressure inside the battery pack 118, a sudden rise in temperature of air inside the battery pack 118, and a mechanical damage to the battery pack 118. It should be noted that one or more of the conditions and checks may coincide with others, and the control unit 102 and the battery management system 104 act independently to each determined condition and check.

[0039]

[0035] Fig. 1(a) illustrates a block diagram depicting detailed working of fire protection system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040]

[0036] In an embodiment, the fire protection system 100 (a) may include a plurality of sensor modules 102(a) connected to a battery pack and a Battery Management System (BMS) 104(a). The sensor module 102(a) may be configured to detect at least one condition associated with the battery, the condition may not suitable for health of a battery pack 106(a). Such conditions may be at least at least one of impact, pressure, voltage of cells of the battery pack 106(a) or temperature associated with the battery pack. The BMS 104(a) may be configured to continuously monitor voltage of cells of the battery pack 106(a) and temperature of the battery pack 106 (a) using one or more temperature sensors (illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7). The BMS 104(a) may be connected to a Control Unit 108(a) configured to function as a fire suppression driver. The Control Unit 108(a) may be configured receive at least one input signal from the plurality of sensor modules 102(a) , analyse such input signals to determine if a value is beyond the predefined value (also referred to as threshold value) and send alert signals to a Fire Suppressor Device 110(a) (also referred as Fire Suppressor) based on the input signals from the plurality of sensor modules 102(a), wherein the Fire suppressor Device 110(a) may be configured to receive signals from the BMS 104(a) via Control Unit 108(a) to extinguish the fire in the battery pack 106(a). In an embodiment, the fire suppressor device 110(a) may include an aerosol agent / compound to perform an operation of fire extinguishing. In an embodiment, when the fire suppressor 110(a) get activation signal from the BMS or from the thermal cord, the aerosol agent / compound inside the device is activated, then rapidly cause aerosol particles gas and the gas running out from the nozzle(side), to total flooding the fire protection zone, to suppress the fire.

[0041]

[0037] Further, the temperature sensors may be NTC type temperature sensors (also referred to as temperature sensing tape), configured to detect early thermal runaway. The temperature sensors may be configured to determine detect a value of voltage of the cell and temperature of the cell beyond a predefined level, wherein the value of voltage of the cell beyond the predefined level is the Over-voltage thermal runaway, and the value of the temperature of the cell beyond the predefined level is the Over-temp thermal runaway. Further, the NTC type temperature sensors may be configured to detect a rate of temperature rise beyond a threshold degC / min or degC per second (also referred to as Rate of temp rise). Furthermore, the BMS 104(a) may be configured to detect an internal short circuit, wherein the internal short circuit may occur when the value of cell voltage drops less than a threshold and delta drop within threshold second is equal to threshold voltage, wherein the value of cell voltage may be measured using voltage sensing tapes (illustrated in Fig. 6). In an embodiment, six number of temperature sensing tapes are placed in the battery pack 106(a) at different positions (illustrated in Fig. 5). In an embodiment, twenty-eight number of voltage sensing tapes may be placed at different positions on the battery pack 106(a).

[0042]

[0038] Further, the BMS 104(a) may be configured to continuously monitor the output of Impact sensor, Gas sensor, and Pressure sensor (as illustrated in Fig. 1(a)) and send activation signals to fire suppressor 110(a). The Control Unit 108 may also function as a feedback module and send a feedback of fire suppression to the BMS 104 (a). In addition to an automatic operation of Fire suppressor 110(a) as described above, the Fire suppressor device 110(a) may be configured to operate manually with the help of the BMS 104(a) and a thermal cord 112(a). In an embodiment, when the fire suppressor 110(a) gets activation signal from the BMS 104(a), or from thermal cord 112(a) via a fire status module 114(a), the aerosol agent / compound inside the device is activated, then rapidly cause aerosol particles gas and the gas running out from the nozzle(side), to total flooding the fire protection zone, to suppress the fire.

[0039] Fig. 2 illustrates flow chart 200 of fire safety system / operation, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment, the BMS 104(a) may check for a value of cell voltage. If the value of cell voltage goes beyond a threshold value, the fire suppressor device 110(a) may be activated to extinguish fire and if the value of cell voltage is under the threshold value, the fire suppressor device may operate in a safe operation mode. In an embodiment, the BMS 104(a) may be configured to check for temperature of battery pack. If the value of temperature goes beyond a threshold value, the fire suppressor device 110(a) may be activated to extinguish fire and if the value of temperature is under the threshold value, the fire suppressor device may operate in a safe operation mode. In an embodiment, the BMS 106(a), may be configured to check a rate of temperature rise in the battery pack 106(a). If the value of temperature rise goes beyond a threshold value, the fire suppressor device 110(a) may be activated to extinguish fire and if the value of temperature rise is under the threshold value, the fire suppressor device may operate in a safe operation mode. In an embodiment, the BMS 106(a) may be configured to detect internal short circuit, wherein if the cell voltage is less than threshold value and delta drop is within threshold, the fire suppressor device 110(a) may be activated to extinguish fire, else the fire suppressor device may operate in a safe operation mode. The delta voltage drop is a crucial indicator of health and balance of the battery pack 106(a). The delta voltage drop may refer to voltage difference between individual cells of the battery pack 106(a). A large delta voltage may indicate that some cells are degrading faster than others and there may be problems in the battery pack 106(a). In another embodiment, the BMS 104(a) may be configured to analyse the values from plurality of the sensor modules 102(a), wherein the values may be related to signals from impact sensor, gas sensor and a pressure sensor from plurality of sensor modules 102(a). If the values from the sensor module are beyond a threshold limit, the one or more fire suppressor 110(a) may get activated to extinguish the fire, else operate in the safe operation state.

[0043]

[0040] Fig. 3 illustrates a 3D representation 300 of positioning of fire suppressor on the battery pack. In an embodiment, the fire suppressor 302 (same as 110(a)) may operate to extinguish fire of the battery pack if the values detected by the plurality of sensor modules 102(a) exceed the predefined values. In an embodiment, the number of fire suppressors 302 positioned on the battery pack may be eight, wherein one or more fire suppressors 302 may be used as a back-up in case of failure of one or more fire suppressor 302.

[0041] Fig. 4 illustrates block diagram 400 depicting placement of fire suppressors in the battery pack, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment, the battery pack 402 includes eight number of fire extinguishers 404 are positioned at different locations. Such positioning of fire extinguishers may be done to cover all the cells of the battery pack 4O2.Further, the battery pack 402 includes a pack module 406, a BMS 408 and a Power Distribution Unit 410. The pack module 406 may be configured to bridge the gap between individual cells with help of electrical connections and may allow specific cell configuration. The pack module 406 may provide a robust structure to protect the cells from vibrations, shocks and other mechanical stress. The pack module 406 may facilitate organized and secure electrical connections between the cells of the battery pack 402, in order to ensure efficient power flow. Further the pack module 406 is configured to interface with the BMS 408. In an embodiment, the BMS 408 may be configured to receive signals from the one or more sensor modules (same as the sensor module illustrated in Fig. 1(a)).

[0044] In an embodiment, the Power Distribution Unit 410 may be used to sense abnormal voltage and ensure that voltage levels are within safe operating ranges. Additionally, the PDU 410 may be used to control power flow to different systems as needed. The PDU 410 may include components like contactor, fuses and circuit breakers and other essential wirings of the battery pack required for operation of vehicle. In another embodiment, monitoring of abnormal voltage by the PDU 410 may lead at least one module of the sensor modules (same as sensor modules illustrated in Fig. 1(a)) to allow activation of one or more fire suppressor (same as fire suppressor illustrated in Fig. 1(a)) via BMS and a Control unit (same as Control Unit illustrated in Fig. 1(a)) to extinguish fire.

[0045]

[0042] Fig. 5 illustrates a 3D representation 500 of NTC (Temperature Sensing Tape) in the battery pack in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment, six number of temperature sensing tapes are placed in the battery pack 106(a) at different positions (illustrated in Fig. 6) in order to cover the whole battery pack.

[0046]

[0043] Fig. 6 illustrates a block diagram 600 depicting placement of temperature sensing tape and voltage sensing tape in the battery pack, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In an embedment, twenty-eight voltage sensing tape and six temperature sensing tape may be present at different positions on the battery pack to cover the whole battery pack. In another embodiment, one or more voltage sensing or temperature sensing tape may be used as a back-up to ensure an uninterrupted safety of the battery pack.

[0044] Fig. 7 illustrates a block diagram 700 depicting placement of gas / pressure sensor 700 on the BMS (same as BMS illustrated in Fig. 1(a)) of the battery pack the battery pack, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment, in case of a Battery Abuse, for example- In weaker cells (e.g. from manufacturing variation) aging and internal resistance builds up faster over time and Cell may get hotter under load. The BMS does not pick this up as the cell’s temperature may not be being measured and a pressure sensor may be required. In another embodiment, in case of cell venting, where Internal pressure in the cell builds until the cell vents and Cell venting remains undetected in the short term as paralleled cells prop up the voltage. The Pressure sensor can detect the cell venting prior to thermal runaway, wherein in case of the thermal runaway, cell reaches runaway temperature (there can be several minutes between initial venting and this stage as the time is dependent on several factors) and the cell may start exothermic reaction. The Cell may initiate other cells around it through exothermic reaction leading to chain reaction in the battery pack and hence further leading to selfoxidising fire that may be hard to extinguish. The use of a pressure / gas sensor may help overcome the abovementioned conditions.

[0047]

[0045] In an embodiment, a gas / pressure sensor 701 may include a plurality of connectors 702, a plurality of Analog Front End (AFE) 704 connected by a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) 706, an Isolated Serial Peripheral Interface (ISO SPI) 708, a Microcontroller Unit (MCU) 710 connected to the ISO SPI 708 and a Power Management Integrated Circuit (PMIC) 712, a low power direct current converter (LP DC-DC) 714 connected to the PMIC 712, a sensor driver 714 connected to the MCU 710 and the PMIC 712. In an embodiment, the plurality of connectors connected to the AFE 704 may provide essential data (for example-cell voltage and temperature) that may enable the BMS to proactively manage battery health and prevent dangerous situations. In an embodiment, the AFE 704 may perform one or more operations in processing sensor’ s output like Signal Conditioning, Analog to Digital Conversion etc. Further, the AFE 704 may perform precise measurement of gas pressure required to detect any subtle change indicating a potential problem. Further, AFE 704 may facilitate real time monitoring of gas pressure and allow the BMS to respond promptly. Further, the AFE 704 may be configured to send accurate and reliable data needed by the BMS in order to monitor battery health. In an embodiment, the Serial Peripheral Interface 706 may be used as a communication protocol used for transmitting data at a high speed between MCU 710 and AFE 704 to facilitate real time monitoring. In one embodiment, the SPI 706 may transmit digitized pressure data to the BMS. In another embodiment, the communication between the MCU 710 and the AFE 704 may be facilitated by the ISO SPI 708, wherein the ISO SPI 708 may allow data transmission while blocking the flow of electrical current in order to reduce electrical noise and ensure safe and reliable communication between cell monitoring circuits and the control unit (Same as the Control Unit illustrated in Fig.l (a)). In an embodiment, the PMIC 712 may help in stabilizing and optimizing a power supply needed by the gas / pressure sensor 700 and any associate circuit. In an embodiment, the PMIC 712 may be configured to send signals to the sensor driver 714 and the sensor driver 714 may be configured to convert sensor’s output into a format that the BMS may understand. In an embodiment, the sensor driver 714 may operate as a bridge between the BMS and the gas / pressure sensor 700. The output from the sensor driver 714 may enable operation of the gas / pressure sensor 701.

[0048]

[0046] Fig. 8 illustrates a plot 800 depicting Cell Guard test to show detection of cell venting in a battery pack which is one of the earliest signs of a potential thermal runaway, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The plot depicts absolute pressure sensor response to the cell vent. In an embodiment, the gas / pressure sensors (illustrated above) may help identify anomalies leading to cell venting or thermal runaway. The identification of anomalies may be done by identifying at least one of a chemical or physical change that may occur during cell venting.

[0049]

[0047] Hence, the fire protection device may detect the early traits of the thermal runaway of the Li-ion cells and may trigger the fire extinguisher in case of any fire hazard in the battery pack. The device ensures that fire extinguisher releases the fire extinguishing agent into the battery pack only in case of fire hazards and thermal runaway events. Additionally, the device increases the reliability and safety of the electric vehicles by ensuring that the thermal runaway events and the fire hazards do not badly affect the electric vehicle and the rider.

[0050] Technical advantage of the invention

[0051]

[0048] The fire protection device proposed in the present invention helps in early detection and prevention of the thermal runaway events and fire hazards in the battery pack of the electric vehicles. The innovation detects a plurality of parameters of the battery pack with the help of a sensor in real-time. Additionally, the device also determines the critical conditions of the thermal runaway events and fire hazards based on the plurality of parameters.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 16 September 2025 (16.09.2025)1. A fire protection device for battery pack in a vehicle, comprising: a plurality of sensor modules coupled to a battery management system (BMS), and is configured to detect at least one condition associated with the battery pack; a control unit coupled to the plurality of the sensor modules; and at least one independently activating fire suppressor coupled to the control unit, wherein the control unit is configured to: receive at least one input value from the plurality of sensor modules in realtime, the input indicating the at least one condition associated with the battery pack; analyse the at least one input value associated with the condition to determine if the at least one input value condition is beyond a threshold value; activate the at least one independently activating fire suppressor manually or automatically based on determination that the input value is beyond the threshold value; and send feedback of fire suppression to the BMS.

2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one condition associated with the battery pack comprises at least one of impact, pressure, cell voltage or temperature associated with the battery pack.

3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one independently activating fire suppressor is further configured to receive a consent signal from operator of vehicle based on threshold value of the temperature associated with the battery pack.

4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensor module includes at least an impact sensor, a temperature sensor, a gas sensor, and a pressure sensor.

5. The device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the temperature is sensed by one or more temperature sensing tapes placed in the battery pack.

6. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fire suppressor includes an aerosol agent / compound for extinguishing fire.

7. The device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the voltage is sensed by a voltage sensing tape placed in the battery pack.

8. The device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the voltage sensing tapes are placed in the battery pack.

Images