Terminal

Abstract

This terminal comprises: a control unit that performs simultaneous connection to a first radio base station and a second radio base station; a transmission unit that transmits overload information indicating that the terminal is in an overload state to the first radio base station and the second radio base station; and a reception unit that receives an instruction to cancel the simultaneous connection from the first radio base station or the second radio base station. The control unit terminates connection with one of the first radio base station and the second radio base station on the basis of the instruction.

Description

Terminal

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal that simultaneously connects to multiple networks.

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) has specified the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G, also known as New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)), and is also working on specifications for next-generation mobile communication systems called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0003] The upcoming 6G wireless communication system is expected to realize ultra-high speed, large capacity communication, and ultra-multiple connections that exceed those of 5G (Non-Patent Document 1).

[0004] NTT Docomo, "Docomo 6G White Paper 5.0 Edition," [online], November 2022, [Retrieved March 15, 2024], Internet <URL: https: / / www.docomo.ne.jp / binary / pdf / corporate / technology / whitepaper_6g / DOCOMO_6G_White_PaperJP_20221116.pdf>

[0005] The 6G wireless communication system is expected to coexist with the existing 5G wireless communication system, and therefore a terminal (hereinafter also referred to as user equipment (UE)) may be simultaneously connected to a 5G radio access network (5G RAN) and a 6G radio access network (6G RAN).

[0006] Meanwhile, various settings are made to the UE by base stations constituting 5G RAN (hereinafter also referred to as 5G nodes) and base stations constituting 6G RAN (hereinafter also referred to as 6G nodes). The various settings include, for example, the maximum number of configurable serving cells, the maximum value of aggregated bandwidth across all carriers, the maximum number of MIMO layers, etc. The load of such various settings may exceed the processing capacity of the UE, causing the UE to malfunction.

[0007] Therefore, the present disclosure aims to provide a terminal that can operate normally even if the load of various settings from 5G nodes and 6G nodes exceeds its processing capacity.

[0008] One aspect of the disclosure is a terminal comprising: a control unit (control unit 270) that simultaneously connects to a first radio base station and a second radio base station; a transmission unit (radio signal transmission / reception unit 210) that transmits overload information indicating that the terminal is in an overload state to the first radio base station and the second radio base station; and a reception unit (radio signal transmission / reception unit 210) that receives an instruction to release the simultaneous connection from the first radio base station or the second radio base station, wherein the control unit cancels the connection with either the first radio base station or the second radio base station based on the instruction.

[0009] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of a wireless communication system. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing frequency ranges used in the wireless communication system. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example configuration of radio frames, subframes, slots, and symbols used in the wireless communication system. FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a terminal. FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a base station. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example architecture of 5G Radio Access Technology (5G RAT) and 6G RAT. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example architecture of 5G RAT and 6G RAT. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example protocol stack of a terminal simultaneously connecting to 5G RAN and 6G RAN. FIG. 9 is a sequence diagram showing an example in which a terminal notifies 5G node and 6G node of MG configuration. FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram showing an example in which a terminal notifies 5G node and 6G node of configuration related to inter-frequency measurement. FIG. 11 is a sequence diagram showing an example in which a terminal notifies 5G node and 6G node of configuration related to a serving cell. FIG. 12 is a sequence diagram showing an example in which a terminal notifies 5G node and 6G node of DRX configuration. Fig. 13 is a sequence diagram showing an example in which a terminal reports overheating to a 5G node and a 6G node. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a cooperative node provided between a 5G node and a 6G node. Fig. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a cooperative node provided between a 5G node and a 6G node. Fig. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a cooperative node provided between a 5G node and a 6G node. Fig. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the architecture of a 4G RAT, a 5G RAT, and a 6G RAT. Fig. 18 is a diagram showing an example of the architecture of a 4G RAT, a 5G RAT, and a 6G RAT. Fig. 19 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a terminal. Fig. 20 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle.

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same or similar reference numerals are used to designate the same functions or configurations, and descriptions thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

[0011] (1) Configuration of Wireless Communication System The wireless communication system 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a wireless communication system conforming to a method called 5G. On the other hand, the wireless communication system 10 may be a wireless communication system conforming to a method called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G. The wireless communication system 10 may be expressed as a Radio Access Technology (RAT). In this case, the wireless communication system 10 conforming to 5G may be expressed as a 5G RAT, and the wireless communication system 10 conforming to 6G may be expressed as a 6G RAT.

[0012] The wireless communication system 10 can support Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (Massive MIMO), which generates more directional beams by controlling wireless signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements, Carrier Aggregation (CA), which uses multiple component carriers (CCs) as a bundle, and Dual Connectivity (DC), which enables simultaneous communication with two base stations.

[0013] 1 , the wireless communication system 10 includes a base station 100 (hereinafter also referred to as a gNodeB (gNB) 100) constituting a Radio Access Network (RAN) 20, and a terminal 200 (hereinafter also referred to as a user equipment (UE) 200) that performs wireless communication with the gNB 100. The RAN 20 is connected to a core network (CN) 30.

[0014] The RAN 20 may be a 5G RAN 20A conforming to 5G, or a 6G RAN 20B conforming to 6G, as shown in Fig. 6, for example. Note that the gNB 100 is not limited to referring to a base station constituting the 5G RAN 20A, but may also refer to a base station constituting the 6G RAN 20B. When distinguishing between the two, for example, as shown in Fig. 9, the former may be expressed as a 5G RAN node 100A or a 5G node 100A, and the latter may be expressed as a 6G RAN node 100B or a 6G node 100B.

[0015] The CN 30 is composed of multiple network functions (NFs). The NFs are, for example, an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 300 and a Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF) 400. The AMF 300 performs, for example, registration of the UE 200. The NWDAF 400 performs, for example, optimization of the CN 30. Furthermore, the CN 30 may be, for example, a CN (5GC) 30A conforming to 5G or a CN (6GC) 30B conforming to 6G, as shown in FIG. 6 .

[0016] The specific configuration of the wireless communication system 10, for example, the number of gNBs 100 and UEs 200, is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 1. Furthermore, the RAN 20 and the CN 30 may be simply referred to as a "network."

[0017] The gNB100 may be a base station in a Centralized-Radio Access Network (C-RAN) configuration having a distributed unit (DU) having a function for connecting to the UE200 and a central unit (CU) having a function for connecting to the network. In this case, the gNB100 may be read as a DU, a CU, or a DU and a CU. When the gNB100 is read as a DU, it may be called a gNB-DU. When the gNB100 is read as a CU, it may be called a gNB-CU. When the gNB100 is read as a DU and a CU, the DU portion may be called a gNB-DU and the CU portion may be called a gNB-CU.

[0018] The wireless communication system 10 may also support a plurality of frequency ranges (FR). That is, as shown in Fig. 2, the wireless communication system 10 may support the following FRs: FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz FR2-1: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz FR2-2: 52.6 GHz to 71 GHz FR3: 7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz

[0019] In FR1, a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 15, 30, or 60 kHz and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz may be used, while in FR2-1, an SCS of 60 or 120 kHz (or even 240 kHz) and a BW of 50 to 400 MHz may be used.

[0020] In FR2-2, to avoid an increase in phase noise, Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) or Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) with a larger SCS may be applied.

[0021] FR3 is a frequency band between FR1 and FR2-1, and may be called by a different name as long as it refers to the same frequency band. Note that the BW and SCS for FR3 may be the same as those for FR1 or FR2-1, or may be different.

[0022] 3, one slot in the wireless communication system 10 is composed of 14 symbols. If this configuration is maintained, the larger (wider) the SCS, the shorter the symbol period (and slot period). Note that the SCS is not limited to the frequency shown in FIG. 3 and may be, for example, 480 kHz, 960 kHz, or other frequencies.

[0023] Furthermore, the number of symbols constituting one slot does not necessarily have to be 14, but may be, for example, 28 or 56. Furthermore, the number of slots per subframe may differ depending on the SCS.

[0024] (2) Functional Block Configuration of Wireless Communication System (2.1) Functional Block Configuration of Terminal As shown in FIG. 4, the UE 200 includes a wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 210, an amplifier unit 220, a modulation / demodulation unit 230, a control signal / reference signal processing unit 240, an encoding / decoding unit 250, a data transmitting / receiving unit 260, and a control unit 270.

[0025] The radio signal transceiver 210 transmits and receives radio signals to and from the gNB 100. The radio signal transceiver 210 may be configured with a transmitter that transmits radio signals to the gNB 100 and a receiver that receives radio signals from the gNB 100. The radio signals may include data or may be interpreted as data. Transmission may be interpreted as report, notification, etc. Reception may be interpreted as (configured), (instructed), (notified), etc. Note that configuration may be realized by configuration information (information element (IE)) of the radio resource control (RRC) layer, and instruction may be realized by a control element (CE) or downlink control information (DCI) of the medium access control (MAC) layer.

[0026] The radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment can receive, from the first radio base station, a configuration of a first measurement gap, which is a period during which communication with a serving cell of the first radio base station is suspended in order to perform measurements of neighboring cells. Furthermore, the radio signal transceiver 210 can transmit the configuration of the first measurement gap to the second radio base station. Here, the first radio base station may be the 5G node 100A. Also, the second radio base station may be the 6G node 100B. In this case, the neighboring cell may be a neighboring cell of the serving cell of the 5G node 100A. In other words, the first measurement gap may be interpreted as a period during which communication with the serving cell of the 5G node 100A is suspended in order to measure neighboring cells of the serving cell of the 5G node 100A.

[0027] The radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment can receive, from the second radio base station, a configuration of a second measurement gap, which is a period during which communication with a serving cell of the second radio base station is suspended in order to perform measurements on the neighboring cells. Furthermore, the radio signal transceiver 210 can transmit the configuration of the second measurement gap to the first radio base station. In this case, the neighboring cell may be a neighboring cell of the serving cell of the 6G node 100B. In other words, the second measurement gap may be interpreted as a period during which communication with the serving cell of the 6G node 100B is suspended in order to measure the neighboring cells of the serving cell of the 6G node 100B.

[0028] The measurement gap (MG) may be understood as a period during which the UE 200 stops communication with the serving cell to perform measurements on neighboring cells. The MG configuration may include, for example, an MG length (MGL), an MG repetition period (MGRP), and an MG timing advance. The MG may be configured to match the period and window width of an SSB-based RRM Measurement Timing Configuration window (SMTC window) for measuring a synchronization signal (SSB).

[0029] The MG may be a per UE measurement gap or a measurement gap for each frequency (FR1 / FR2 / FR3 measurement gap).

[0030] In the embodiment, when the above-mentioned first measurement gap or second measurement gap is a per UE measurement gap, the radio signal transceiver unit 210 stops communication not only with the serving cell of the first radio base station but also with the serving cell of the second radio base station.

[0031] When the first measurement gap or the second measurement gap is a measurement gap for each frequency (e.g., an FR2 measurement gap), the radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment suspends communication not only with the serving cell of the first radio base station operating in FR2 but also with the serving cell of the second radio base station operating in FR2. On the other hand, in this case, the radio signal transceiver 210 does not suspend communication with the serving cell of the first radio base station operating in FR1 or communication with the serving cell of the second radio base station operating in FR1 / FR3.

[0032] When the above-described measurement is an inter-frequency measurement performed on a neighboring cell using a frequency different from that of the serving cell, the radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment can receive, from the first radio base station, the number of measurement identities associated with the frequency measurement. Furthermore, the radio signal transceiver 210 can transmit the number of measurement identities to the second radio base station. Furthermore, the radio signal transceiver 210 can request the first radio base station to increase or decrease the number of measurement identities. That is, the radio signal transceiver 210 can transmit, to the first radio base station, a request to change the number of measurement identities.

[0033] The radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 of the embodiment can receive, from the first radio base station, the number of serving cells that the first radio base station sets for the UE 200. Furthermore, the radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 can transmit this number of serving cells to the second radio base station. Furthermore, the radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 may request the first radio base station to increase or decrease the number of serving cells. That is, the radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 may transmit a request to change the number of serving cells to the first radio base station.

[0034] The radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment can receive, from a first radio base station, a first setting related to discontinuous reception (DRX) of data transmitted by the first radio base station, and can transmit the first setting to a second radio base station.

[0035] The radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment can receive, from the second radio base station, a second setting related to discontinuous reception (DRX) of data transmitted by the second radio base station, and can transmit the second setting to the first radio base station.

[0036] The radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 according to the embodiment can transmit the start time of DRX to the second radio base station (or the first radio base station).

[0037] The first configuration (or the second configuration) may include a DRX cycle configuration. The DRX cycle configuration may be, for example, a DRX long cycle configuration or a DRX short cycle configuration. Furthermore, the first configuration (or the second configuration) may include a DRX reception duration configuration. The DRX reception duration configuration may be, for example, a DRX-onDurationTimer configuration.

[0038] The radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment can transmit overload information indicating that the UE 200 is in an overload state to the first radio base station and the second radio base station. In other words, the radio signal transceiver 210 can report that the UE 200 is overheating. The radio signal transceiver 210 can also receive an instruction to release simultaneous connections to the first radio base station and the second radio base station from the first radio base station or the second radio base station. This instruction may be interpreted as an instruction to change the stack mode of the UE 200. The instruction to change the stack mode of the UE 200 may be interpreted as an instruction to change from dual stack mode to single stack mode. For details about stack modes, see "(3) Network Architecture in Dual Connectivity" described later.

[0039] The overload state occurs, for example, when settings for the UE 200 from the first radio base station and the second radio base station exceed the processing capacity of the UE 200. The overload state also occurs, for example, when the battery of the UE 200 becomes low and the UE 200 transitions to a power saving mode. In view of this, the overload information may be interpreted as battery information.

[0040] The radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 of the embodiment can transmit, to the first radio base station, first setting information that the first radio base station can set in the UE 200. Furthermore, the radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 can transmit, to the second radio base station, second setting information that the second radio base station can set in the UE 200.

[0041] The first setting information (or the second setting information) may include at least one of the following contents. The first setting information (or the second setting information) may be transmitted together with the above-mentioned overload information, or may be transmitted separately. The number of DL / UL PCells or SCells configured by the first radio base station (or the second radio base station). The size of the aggregated bandwidth spanning all DL / UL carriers configured by the first radio base station (or the second radio base station) for each frequency band (FR1 / FR2 / FR3). The number of DL / UL MIMO layers of the serving cell operating in each frequency band (FR1 / FR2 / FR3) configured by the first radio base station (or the second radio base station).

[0042] The amplifier unit 220 is configured by a power amplifier (PA) / low noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The amplifier unit 220 amplifies the radio signal output from the radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 210. The amplifier unit 220 also amplifies the radio signal output from the modulation / demodulation unit 230.

[0043] The modem unit 230 performs data modulation / demodulation, transmission power setting, resource block allocation, etc. for each predetermined communication destination (gNB100 or another gNB100). CP-OFDM / DFT-S-OFDM may be applied to the modem unit 230. Furthermore, DFT-S-OFDM may be used not only for the uplink (UL) but also for the downlink (DL).

[0044] The control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 performs processing related to control signals transmitted and received between the gNB 100, such as radio resource control (RRC) signaling.

[0045] The control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 performs processing related to reference signals transmitted and received between the gNB 100, such as Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS).

[0046] The channels include control channels and data channels. The control channels include a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH), a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), etc. The data channels include a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), etc.

[0047] The encoding / decoding unit 250 performs division / concatenation and coding / decoding of data contained in the radio signal for each predetermined communication destination (gNB100 or another gNB100).

[0048] Specifically, the encoding / decoding unit 250 decodes the data output from the modem unit 230 and concatenates the decoded data. In addition, the encoding / decoding unit 250 divides the data output from the data transmitter / receiver 260 into pieces of a predetermined size and performs coding on the divided data.

[0049] The data transmitter / receiver 260 assembles and disassembles data units (Protocol Data Units (PDUs) / Service Data Units (SDUs)) that make up data between each layer. The multiple layers include a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. The data transmitter / receiver 260 also performs data error correction and retransmission control based on Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ).

[0050] The control unit 270 controls the UE 200. The control unit 270 controls, for example, transmission and reception of radio signals by the radio signal transmission and reception unit 210, amplification by the amplifier unit 220, data modulation / demodulation by the modem unit 230, signal processing by the control signal and reference signal processing unit 240, coding / decoding by the encoding / decoding unit 250, and assembly / disassembly of data units by the data transmission and reception unit 260.

[0051] The control unit 270 of the embodiment can simultaneously connect to the first radio base station and the second radio base station. That is, the control unit 270 can perform dual connectivity (DC) with the first radio base station and the second radio base station. The control unit 270 can also measure neighboring cells. Note that the measurement of neighboring cells may be interpreted as measurement of a synchronization signal (SSB) of the neighboring cell, or as measurement of the reception quality of the SSB (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), or Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR)).

[0052] The control unit 270 of the embodiment can determine the start time of the above-mentioned DRX.

[0053] The control unit 270 of the embodiment can terminate the connection with either the first radio base station or the second radio base station based on the instruction to release the simultaneous connection described above. That is, the control unit 270 can change the mode from dual stack mode to single stack mode based on this instruction.

[0054] The control unit 270 of the embodiment may determine a radio base station to discontinue connection with based on priorities set for the first radio base station and the second radio base station. Note that the priority may be interpreted as meaning whether communication with the first radio base station or the second radio base station is to be prioritized.

[0055] The control unit 270 of the embodiment may determine a radio base station to terminate connection with based on a frequency range (FR). Note that FR may be interpreted as an FR used in communication with the first radio base station (or the second radio base station). For example, when FR2 is used in communication with the first radio base station and FR3 is used in communication with the second radio base station, the control unit 270 may terminate connection with the second radio base station using FR3 because FR2 has wider coverage, for example. Note that the reasons and the radio base station to terminate connection with are merely examples and are not limited thereto.

[0056] The control unit 270 of the embodiment may determine a radio base station to terminate connection with based on reception quality. The reception quality may be, for example, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), or Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR). The reception quality may be interpreted as the reception quality of the serving cell of the first radio base station (or the second radio base station). For example, if the reception quality of the serving cell of the first radio base station is better than the reception quality of the serving cell of the second radio base station, the control unit 270 may terminate connection with the second radio base station. Note that the radio base station to terminate connection with is an example and is not limited thereto.

[0057] (2.2) Functional block configuration of base station As shown in Figure 5, the gNB100 includes a radio signal transceiver unit 110 and a control unit 120.

[0058] The radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 110 transmits and receives radio signals to and from the UE 200. The radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 110 may be configured with a transmitting unit that transmits radio signals to the UE 200 and a receiving unit that receives radio signals from the UE 200. The radio signals may include data or may be interpreted as data. Transmission may be interpreted as configuration, instruction, notification, etc. Reception may be interpreted as (reported), notification, etc. Note that configuration may be realized by configuration information (information element (IE)) of a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and instruction may be realized by a control element (CE) or downlink control information (DCI) of a medium access control (MAC) layer.

[0059] The wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 110 of the embodiment can receive information transmitted by the above-described wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 210. In addition, the wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 110 can transmit information received by the above-described wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 210.

[0060] The control unit 120 controls the gNB 100. The control unit 120 controls, for example, the transmission and reception of radio signals by the radio signal transmission and reception unit 110.

[0061] (3) Network Architecture in Dual Connectivity A network architecture in which the UE 200 connects simultaneously, that is, in which dual connectivity (DC) is performed, will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.

[0062] 6 and 7 show 5G RAN 20A and 6G RAN 20B in which UE 200 executes DC, and CN 30 (5GC 30A and 6GC 30B) connected to each RAN. FIG. 6 shows an example in which an interface (IF) capable of communicating information such as settings for UE 200 is provided between 5G RAN 20A and 6G RAN 20B. FIG. 7 shows an example in which an IF like that in FIG. 6 is not provided between 5G RAN 20A and 6G RAN 20B, and instead 5GC 30A and 6GC 30B are connected. In the example shown in FIG. 6, CN 30 may be only one of 5GC 30A or 6GC 30B.

[0063] 8 shows an example of a protocol stack of the UE 200 that executes DC for the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B in FIG. 7. The UE 200 can have a protocol stack for the 5G RAN and a protocol stack for the 6G RAN separately. Such a protocol stack is called a dual stack. In addition, the UE 200 that supports the dual stack can cancel DC and communicate with, for example, only the 5G RAN 20A by transitioning from the dual stack mode to the single stack mode.

[0064] The protocol stack may comprise, for example, a physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, etc. Additionally, the protocol stack may comprise a non-access stratum (NAS) that enables connectivity with a core network (CN).

[0065] When the UE 200 is equipped with a NAS as shown in Fig. 8, the UE 200 can make a registration request to at least one of the 5GC 30A and the 6GC 30B. The UE 200 may be registered with only one of the 5GC 30A and the 6GC 30B, or may be registered with both the 5GC 30A and the 6GC 30B. The latter registration may be called dual registration.

[0066] (4) Operation of Wireless Communication System (4.1) Problems The problems of the embodiment relate to a UE 200 that simultaneously connects to multiple RATs, specifically, multiple base stations.

[0067] (4.1.1) Issue 1: Various parameters related to reception quality measurement are considered to be individually configured by base stations constituting a 5G RAN (hereinafter also referred to as 5G nodes) and base stations constituting a 6G RAN (hereinafter also referred to as 6G nodes). For example, the measurement gap (MG), which is a period during which communication with a serving cell is suspended to perform measurements on neighboring cells, the number of measurement identifiers associated with inter-frequency measurements, and the number of serving cells provided by a base station, are considered to be individually configured by 5G nodes and 6G nodes. However, depending on the network architecture, 5G and 6G nodes may not recognize these parameters configured by the other node. In this case, scheduling may fail due to an unrecognized MG. Similarly, the number of measurement identifiers associated with inter-frequency measurements may be configured to exceed the configurable upper limit for a UE, causing the UE to fail inter-frequency measurements. Similarly, the number of serving cells may be configured to exceed the configurable upper limit for a UE, causing overheating.

[0068] (4.1.2) Issue 2: It is considered that the settings related to discontinuous reception (DRX) are set individually by the base station constituting the 5G RAN (hereinafter also referred to as the 5G node) and the base station constituting the 6G RAN (hereinafter also referred to as the 6G node). However, if the DRX settings, for example, the DRX interval, differ between the 5G node and the 6G node, there is a risk that the UE's power consumption will increase and the battery will be drained rapidly.

[0069] (4.1.3) Issue 3: Various settings are configured for a UE by base stations constituting 5G RAN (hereinafter also referred to as 5G nodes) and base stations constituting 6G RAN (hereinafter also referred to as 6G nodes). These settings include, for example, the maximum number of configurable serving cells, the maximum bandwidth of carrier aggregation (CA), and the maximum number of MIMO layers. The load of these various settings may exceed the processing capacity of the UE, causing the UE to malfunction. Furthermore, a similar problem may occur when the UE's battery is low, for example, when the UE transitions to power-saving mode.

[0070] (4.2) Operational Examples Specific operational examples will be described below. Note that in this specification, the gNB100A (5G node 100A) may be replaced with the 5G RAN20A, and the gNB100B (6G node 100B) may be replaced with the 6G RAN20B. Conversely, the 5G RAN20A may be replaced with the gNB100A (5G node 100A) constituting the 5G RAN20A, and the 6G RAN20B may be replaced with the gNB100B (6G node 100B) constituting the 6G RAN20B.

[0071] (4.2.1) Operation Example 1 Operation example 1 will be described with reference to Figures 9 to 11. Operation example 1 is configured to enable the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B to recognize various parameters set for the UE 200 in the other RAN.

[0072] (4.2.1.1) Operation Example 1-1 As shown in FIG. 9 , the UE 200 in operation example 1-1 can notify the 6G node 100B of the MG configuration received from the 5G node 100A, and can also notify the 5G node 100A of the MG configuration received from the 6G node 100B. The MG configuration may be a per UE measurement gap config indicating an MG configuration in which the UE 200 suspends communication in any frequency band (FR), or an FR1 / FR2 / FR3 measurement gap config indicating an MG in which the UE 200 suspends communication for each FR. For example, the FR1 measurement gap config indicates an MG configuration in which the UE 200 suspends communication using FR1.

[0073] Furthermore, for example, a cooperative node 500 provided between the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B, as shown in FIG. 14, may enable the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B to recognize each other the MG set by the 5G node 100A and the MG set by the 6G node 100B.

[0074] As described above, the UE 200 in operation example 1-1 can notify the 6G node 100B of the MG setting received from the 5G node 100A, and can also notify the 5G node 100A of the MG setting received from the 6G node 100B. This allows the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B to perform scheduling after recognizing the MG with which the UE 200 cannot communicate, which is set by the other party's RAN.

[0075] (4.2.1.2) Operation Example 1-2 As shown in FIG. 10 , the UE 200 in Operation Example 1-2 can notify the 6G node 100B of the inter-freq measurement configuration received from the 5G node 100A, and can also notify the 5G node 100A of the inter-freq measurement configuration received from the 6G node 100B. The inter-freq measurement configuration may be the number of inter-freq measurements performed by the UE 200, specifically, the number of measurement identities configured by the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B) for the UE 200 to perform frequency measurements. The measurement identities may be associated with measurement objects. Furthermore, the UE 200 may request the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B) for the number of measurement identifiers configured by the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B). The request may specify a specific number, or may increase or decrease the number of measurement identifiers currently set.

[0076] Furthermore, the UE 200 may notify the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B) of the maximum number of measurement identifiers that can be set to the UE 200. The maximum number of measurement identifiers may be notified, for example, as the UE capability of the UE 200. The UE capability may include the UE capability for the single stack mode and the UE capability for the dual stack mode. Furthermore, the UE 200 may notify the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B) whether the UE 200 is operating in the single stack mode or the dual stack mode. Furthermore, when the stack mode is switched, the UE 200 may notify the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B) only that the stack mode has been switched, without notifying again the UE capability corresponding to the switched stack mode. This makes it possible to prevent UE capability update notifications (updated UE capability signaling) from occurring frequently.

[0077] Furthermore, when the total number of measurement identifiers set by the 5G node 100A and the number of measurement identifiers set by the 6G node 100B exceeds the maximum number of measurement identifiers that can be set by the UE 200 (UE capability), the UE 200 may notify the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B) of a reconfiguration failure. Note that, as the failure cause of the reconfiguration failure, exceeding the maximum number of measurement identifiers may be indicated.

[0078] Furthermore, for example, a cooperative node 500 provided between the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B, as shown in FIG. 14, may enable the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B to mutually recognize the inter-frequency measurement settings set by the 5G node 100A and the inter-frequency measurement settings set by the 6G node 100B.

[0079] As described above, the UE 200 in operation example 1-2 can notify the 6G node 100B of the inter-frequency measurement configuration received from the 5G node 100A, and can also notify the 5G node 100A of the inter-frequency measurement configuration received from the 6G node 100B. This allows the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B to configure the inter-frequency measurement after recognizing the inter-frequency measurement configuration configured by the other RAN.

[0080] (4.2.1.3) Operation Example 1-3 As shown in FIG. 11 , the UE 200 in Operation Example 1-3 can notify the 6G node 100B of the setting of the number of serving cells received from the 5G node 100A, and can also notify the 5G node 100A of the setting of the number of serving cells received from the 6G node 100B. The setting of the number of serving cells may be per frequency. The setting of the number of serving cells may include, for example, the number of serving cells for FR1, the number of serving cells for FR2, and the number of serving cells for FR3. Furthermore, the UE 200 can notify the 6G node 100B of the frequency list measured in the 5G RAN 20A, and can also notify the 5G node 100A of the frequency list measured in the 6G RAN 20B.

[0081] Furthermore, the UE 200 may request the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B) the number of serving cells to be set by the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B). This request may specify a specific number, or may increase or decrease the number of serving cells currently set. Furthermore, the requested number of serving cells may be per frequency, as described above. The requested number of serving cells may include, for example, the number of serving cells for FR1, the number of serving cells for FR2, and the number of serving cells for FR3.

[0082] Furthermore, the UE 200 may report the following content to the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B). The report may be made as a UE capability, for example. - In 5G single stack mode, the maximum number of serving cells in FR1, the maximum number of serving cells in FR2, and the maximum number of serving cells in FR3 that the 5G node 100A can configure. - In 6G single stack mode, the maximum number of serving cells in FR1, the maximum number of serving cells in FR2, and the maximum number of serving cells in FR3 that the 6G node 100B can configure. - In dual stack mode, the maximum number of serving cells in FR1, the maximum number of serving cells in FR2, and the maximum number of serving cells in FR3 that the 5G node 100A can configure, and the maximum number of serving cells in FR1, the maximum number of serving cells in FR2, and the maximum number of serving cells in FR3 that the 6G node 100B can configure.

[0083] By making the above report in advance, UE200 can set a number of serving cells that is not a problem for UE200 simply by notifying 5G node 100A (or 6G node 100B) of single or double stack mode.

[0084] Furthermore, for example, a cooperative node 500 provided between the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B, as shown in FIG. 14, may enable the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B to recognize each other the number of serving cells set by the 5G node 100A (or the frequency list described above) and the number of serving cells set by the 6G node 100B (or the frequency list described above).

[0085] As described above, the UE 200 in operation example 1-3 can notify the 6G node 100B of the setting of the number of serving cells received from the 5G node 100A, and can also notify the 5G node 100A of the setting of the number of serving cells received from the 6G node 100B. This allows the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B to set the number of serving cells after recognizing the setting of the number of serving cells set by the other RAN.

[0086] (4.2.2) Operation Example 2 Operation example 2 will be described with reference to Fig. 12. Operation example 2 is configured to enable the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B to recognize the DRX setting set for the UE 200 in the other RAN.

[0087] 12 , the UE 200 in the second operation example can notify the 6G node 100B of a DRX configuration (5G DRX config) for communication with the 5G node 100A, and can also notify the 5G node 100A of a DRX configuration (6G DRX config) for communication with the 6G node 100B. The DRX configuration may be, for example, a DRX long cycle configuration, a DRX short cycle configuration, or a DRX-onDurationTimer configuration.

[0088] Furthermore, the UE 200 may notify the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B) of the start time of DRX. Furthermore, the start time of DRX may be specified by the UE 200.

[0089] Furthermore, for example, a cooperative node 500 provided between the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B as shown in FIG. 14 may enable the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B to recognize each other's 5G DRX config and 6G DRX config.

[0090] As described above, the UE 200 in the operation example 2 can notify the 6G node 100B of the 5G DRX config and can also notify the 5G node 100A of the 6G DRX config. This allows the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B to share the same settings related to DRX, thereby reducing the power consumption of the UE 200 related to DRX.

[0091] (4.2.3) Operation Example 3 Operation Example 3 will be described with reference to Fig. 13. In Operation Example 3, the UE 200, which is simultaneously connected to the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B, reports to the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B that the UE 200 has exceeded its processing capacity due to excessive settings, i.e., that it is overheating.

[0092] As shown in Fig. 13 , the UE 200 in operation example 3 reports that it is overheating to the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B. In this case, the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B may cooperate with the UE 200 to prioritize communication with (or disable communication with) via a cooperative node 500 provided between the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B, for example, as shown in Fig. 14 . Based on this cooperation, the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B) may instruct the UE 200 to switch the stack mode of the UE 200 from dual stack mode to single stack mode.

[0093] In reporting overheating, the UE 200 may notify the 6G node 100B of the following information: The number of DL / UL PCells or SCells configured by the 5G node 100A The size of the aggregated bandwidth spanning all DL / UL carriers configured by the 5G node 100A for each frequency band (FR1 / FR2 / FR3) The number of DL / UL MIMO layers of the serving cell operating in each frequency band configured by the 5G node 100A for each frequency band (FR1 / FR2 / FR3)

[0094] In reporting overheating, the UE 200 may notify the 5G node 100A of the following: The number of DL / UL PCells or SCells configured by the 6G node 100B The size of the aggregated bandwidth spanning all DL / UL carriers configured by the 6G node 100B for each frequency band (FR1 / FR2 / FR3) The number of DL / UL MIMO layers of the serving cell operating in each frequency band configured by the 6G node 100B for each frequency band (FR1 / FR2 / FR3)

[0095] The UE 200 may determine allowedReducedConfigForOverheating for each of the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B, and notify the determined allowedReducedConfigForOverheating.

[0096] The allowedReducedConfigForOverheating determined and notified to the 5G node 100A may include the following: the maximum number of downlink / uplink PCells / SCells that the 5G RAN node is allowed to configure, the maximum aggregated bandwidth across all downlink / uplink carriers of FR1, FR2, and FR3, respectively, that the 5G RAN node is allowed to configure, and the maximum number of downlink / uplink MIMO layers of each serving cell operating on FR1, FR2, and FR3, respectively, that the 5G RAN node is allowed to configure.

[0097] The allowedReducedConfigForOverheating determined and notified to the 6G node 100B may include the following: the maximum number of downlink / uplink PCells / SCells that the 6G RAN node is allowed to configure, the maximum aggregated bandwidth across all downlink / uplink carriers of FR1, FR2, and FR3, respectively, that the 6G RAN node is allowed to configure, and the maximum number of downlink / uplink MIMO layers of each serving cell operating on FR1, FR2, and FR3, respectively, that the 6G RAN node is allowed to configure.

[0098] Furthermore, the UE 200 may transmit a request to the 5G node 100A (or the 6G node 100B) to switch from dual stack mode to single stack mode (to put communication with any of the nodes into an IDLE state or a deactivated state). This request may be included in the above-described overheating report, or may be transmitted separately (for example, when the battery of the UE 200 is low). Based on this request, the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B may cooperate with the UE 200 to determine which node to prioritize communication with (or which node to disable communication with), and may instruct the UE 200 to switch the stack mode of the UE 200 from dual stack mode to single stack mode.

[0099] When the UE 200 switches from the dual stack mode to the single stack mode, the node with which the UE 200 prioritizes communication may be determined based on a predetermined priority. The priority may be to prioritize communication with a base station included in a RAT with wide coverage or a base station that communicates using a relatively low frequency (e.g., the 5G node 100A). Alternatively, the priority may be to place communication with a base station included in a RAT with narrow coverage or a base station that communicates using a relatively high frequency (e.g., the 6G node 100B) in an IDLE state or a deactivated state.

[0100] The priority may be determined through cooperation between the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B. This cooperation may be performed via the above-described cooperative node 500. For example, the 5G node 100A may notify the 6G node 100B that the 5G node 100A is included in a RAT with wide coverage. This notification may be used to determine that communication with the 5G node 100A is to be prioritized. The determined priority may be set in the UE 200 by the 5G node 100A or the 6G node 100B. Alternatively, the UE 200 may be notified of which node is included in the RAT with wide coverage, and this notification may be used instead of the priority.

[0101] On the other hand, the priority may be determined by Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) or CN30 (not shown) and set to 5G RAN20A and 6G RAN20B.

[0102] The priority may be set by default to prioritize communication with the 5G node 100A, or may be set by default to prioritize communication with the 6G node 100B.

[0103] The priority may be determined by UE200. That is, UE200 may determine which node to prioritize for communication with. UE200 may determine which RAT has a wide coverage, and prioritize communication with a node included in the RAT having the wide coverage. Determining the coverage width may be interpreted as determining which of the frequencies set by each node is lower, for example. Alternatively, UE200 may determine which RAT / cell has better quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR)), and prioritize communication with a node having better communication quality. Note that prioritizing communication with one node may be interpreted as disabling communication with another node.

[0104] As described above, the UE 200 in the third operation example can report that it is in an overheat state and switch from the dual stack mode to the single stack mode.

[0105] (4.2.4) Cooperative Node A cooperative node 500 applicable to the above-described operation example will be described with reference to Figs. 14 to 16. As shown in Fig. 14, the cooperative node 500 is provided to exchange information mainly to be set in the UE 200 between the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B. The cooperative node 500 may be provided in the OAM, or may be provided in the CN 30 (e.g., 6GC 30B) as shown in Fig. 15. In this case, the cooperative node 500 may be called a mobility manager 500.

[0106] Fig. 16 shows a modification of Fig. 15. Specifically, it shows a case where the 6G node 100B is separated into a CU and a DU, and the CU is provided in the 6GC 30B rather than the 6G RAN 20B. In this case, the cooperative node 500 may be understood to be included in the 6G node 100B or the 6GC 30B.

[0107] (5) Other Embodiments The contents of the present invention have been described above in accordance with the embodiments, but it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to these descriptions and that various modifications and improvements are possible.

[0108] In the above-described embodiment, the first radio base station is the 5G node 100A and the second radio base station is the 6G node 100B, but the first radio base station may be the 6G node 100B and the second radio base station may be the 5G node 100A. That is, the above-described embodiment may be applied by replacing the 5G node 100A and the 6G node 100B with each other.

[0109] The network architecture of the above-described embodiment may include a 4G RAN 20C and a 4GC 30C, as shown in Figures 17 and 18. In this case, the UE 200 may be connected to any two RANs simultaneously, or may be connected to three RANs simultaneously. Note that in the case of Figure 17, as in the case of Figure 6, only one CN 30 is required. Alternatively, in the case of Figure 17, any two CNs 30 may be required.

[0110] The above-described operation examples may be combined and applied in a composite manner, as long as no contradiction occurs.

[0111] The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of hardware and / or software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (e.g., wired, wireless, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining software with the single device or multiple devices.

[0112] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

[0113] For example, the base station 100, the terminal 200, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 100 and the terminal 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The base station 100 and the terminal 200 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0114] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of base station 100 and terminal 200 may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0115] Each function in the base station 100 and the terminal 200 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0116] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system, and may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc.

[0117] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. While the above-described various processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0118] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by, for example, at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory (primary storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0119] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be, for example, at least one of an optical disk such as a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray disc), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy disk, a magnetic strip, etc. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other suitable medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0120] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize, for example, at least one of Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD).

[0121] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0122] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0123] Furthermore, base station 100 and terminal 200 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0124] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0125] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may apply to at least one of a system using Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, a 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), a 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), a 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), an xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (where x is, for example, an integer or a decimal), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or any other suitable system, and next generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based on these. In addition, multiple systems may be applied in combination (for example, a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0126] The order of the procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless it is consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0127] In the present disclosure, a specific operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by at least one of the base station and another network node other than the base station (for example, an MME or an S-GW, etc., but are not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station, a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW) may also be used.

[0128] Information, signals (information, etc.) may be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer), or may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0129] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or added to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to another device.

[0130] The determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a numerical comparison (e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0131] The aspects / embodiments described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be implicit (e.g., not notifying the predetermined information).

[0132] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0133] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0134] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0135] Note that terms described in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0136] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0137] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0138] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0139] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0140] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells (also called sectors). When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head, RRH)). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or a base station subsystem that provides communication services within this coverage.

[0141] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

[0142] In this disclosure, terms such as "terminal," "user terminal," "Mobile Station (MS)," and "User Equipment (UE)" may be used interchangeably.

[0143] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0144] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to a movable object, and may move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be an autonomous mobile object operating based on an operational command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0145] Furthermore, the base station in the present disclosure may be read as a terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the terminal 200 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 100 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel.

[0146] Similarly, the term "terminal" in the present disclosure may be read as "base station." In this case, the base station 100 may be configured to have the functions of the terminal 200 described above.

[0147] 20 shows an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 20, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013.

[0148] The drive unit 2002 is composed of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor.

[0149] The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0150] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2027 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0151] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, an air pressure signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0152] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013, etc., to provide various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001.

[0153] The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0154] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., inertial measurement units (IMUs), inertial navigation systems (INSs), etc.), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0155] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 2029, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0156] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0157] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 2021 to 2029 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021 to 2029, the information service unit 2012, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0158] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 2013 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0159] Furthermore, the communication module 2013 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, and the like provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0160] As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining, all of which are considered to be "judging" and "determining." "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, and accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), all of which are considered to be "judging" and "determining." "Determining" and "determining" may also include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, and other actions, all of which are considered to be "judging" and "determining." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Also, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0161] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0162] The reference signal may also be abbreviated as RS, and may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0163] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0164] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0165] The "means" in the configuration of each of the above devices may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0166] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0167] A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0168] Numerology may be a communication parameter applied to the transmission and / or reception of a signal or channel, such as subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, specific windowing operations performed by the transceiver in the time domain, etc.

[0169] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.) A slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0170] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0171] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0172] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1 to 13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be referred to as a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0173] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station schedules each terminal by allocating radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0174] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0175] In addition, when one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0176] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be referred to as a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8 to 12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be referred to as a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0177] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0178] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0179] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0180] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0181] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol. A bandwidth part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a certain numerology in a certain carrier. Here, the common RBs may be identified by their indexes relative to the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a certain BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0182] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0183] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0184] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples, and various configurations, such as the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, and the cyclic prefix (CP) length, can be changed.

[0185] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0186] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0187] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0188] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure.

[0189] (Additional Note) The above disclosure may be expressed as follows.

[0190] A first feature is a terminal comprising: a control unit that simultaneously connects to a first radio base station and a second radio base station; a transmission unit that transmits overload information indicating that the terminal is in an overload state to the first radio base station and the second radio base station; and a reception unit that receives an instruction to release the simultaneous connection from the first radio base station or the second radio base station, wherein the control unit cancels the connection to either the first radio base station or the second radio base station based on the instruction.

[0191] A second feature is the terminal based on the first feature, wherein the transmitter transmits, to the first radio base station, first setting information that the first radio base station can set in the terminal.

[0192] A third feature is the terminal according to the first or second feature, wherein the transmitter transmits, to the second radio base station, second setting information that the second radio base station can set in the terminal.

[0193] A fourth feature is the terminal according to any of the first to third features, wherein the control unit determines a radio base station to which to terminate connection, based on priorities set for the first radio base station and the second radio base station.

[0194] A fifth feature is the terminal according to any one of the first to third features, wherein the control unit determines a wireless base station to which connection is to be terminated based on a frequency range.

[0195] A sixth feature is the terminal according to any one of the first to third features, wherein the control unit determines a radio base station to which a connection is to be terminated based on reception quality.

[0196] 10 Wireless communication system 20 RAN 20A 5G RAN 20B 6G RAN 20C 4G RAN 30 CN 30A 5GC 30B 6GC 30C 4GC 100 Base station 100A 5G node 100B 6G node 110 Wireless signal transceiver 120 Control unit 200 Terminal 210 Wireless signal transceiver 220 Amplifier 230 Modulation / demodulation unit 240 Control signal / reference signal processing unit 250 Encoding / decoding unit 260 Data transceiver 270 Control unit 300 AMF 400 NWDAF 500 Cooperative node 1001 Processor 1002 Memory 1003 Storage 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device 1007 Bus 2001 Vehicle 2002 Drive unit 2003 Steering unit 2004 Accelerator pedal 2005 Brake pedal 2006 Shift lever 2007 Left and right front wheels 2008 Left and right rear wheels 2009 Axle 2010 Electronic control unit 2012 Information service unit 2013 Communication module 2021 Current sensor 2022 RPM sensor 2023 Air pressure sensor 2024 Vehicle speed sensor 2025 Acceleration sensor 2026 Brake pedal sensor 2027 Shift lever sensor 2028 Object detection sensor 2029 Accelerator pedal sensor 2030 Driving assistance system unit 2031 Microprocessor 2032 Memory (ROM, RAM) 2033 Communication port (IO port)

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a control unit that simultaneously connects to a first radio base station and a second radio base station; a transmission unit that transmits overload information to the first radio base station and the second radio base station, indicating that the terminal is in an overload state; and a reception unit that receives an instruction to release the simultaneous connection from the first radio base station or the second radio base station, wherein the control unit cancels the connection with either the first radio base station or the second radio base station based on the instruction.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting unit transmits, to the first radio base station, first setting information that the first radio base station can set in the terminal.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting unit transmits, to the second radio base station, second setting information that the second radio base station can set in the terminal.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines the radio base station to which the connection is to be terminated based on priorities set for the first radio base station and the second radio base station.

5. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines a radio base station to which a connection is to be terminated based on a frequency range.

6. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines a radio base station to which to terminate connection based on reception quality.

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