Link adaptation for improved modulation

Abstract

The present disclosure proposes various signaling techniques related to an improved MCS technique and / or an unequal modulation (UEQM) technique. Among various examples of the present disclosure, a method related to the UEQM technique comprises a step of transmitting a trigger frame including information for soliciting feedback related to UEQM. For example, the trigger frame may include a common info field and a user info field. For example, the user information field may include first bit information for identifying that the trigger frame is for soliciting the feedback related to the UEQM. For example, the trigger frame may include the information for soliciting the feedback related to the UEQM.

Description

Link adaptation for improved modulation

[0001] The present specification relates to a wireless LAN system, and more particularly, to a method and device for performing link adaptation for UEQM (unequal modulation) of a wireless LAN system.

[0002] Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have been improved in various ways. For example, the Extreme High Throughput (EHT) standard can utilize newly proposed increased bandwidth, an improved PHY layer protocol data unit (PPDU) structure, improved sequences, and Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) techniques. The EHT standard can also be referred to as the IEEE 802.11be standard.

[0003] The EHT specification supports high throughput and high data rates, which may include wide bandwidth (e.g., 160 / 320 MHz), 16 streams, and / or multi-link (or multi-band) operation.

[0004] In the EHT specification, wide bandwidth (e.g., 160 / 240 / 320 MHz) can be used to achieve high throughput. Preamble puncturing and multiple RU transmissions can also be used to efficiently utilize bandwidth.

[0005] WLAN systems can be further improved through the Ultra High Reliability (UHR) standard. The UHR system, also known as the IEEE 802.11bn standard, aims to support ultra-high reliability when transmitting signals to STAs. To achieve this, various technologies are being considered for UHR systems, including high throughput, low latency, and extended range support.

[0006] WLAN systems perform media access based on primary channels. For example, information about a primary channel with a bandwidth of 20 MHz is transmitted to multiple STAs via management frames, and any STA attempting to exchange frames can access the primary channel.

[0007] To improve spectral efficiency in new wireless LAN systems, new MCS levels, indices, and parameters may be considered. If improvements are made to existing MCS techniques, improved technologies may be required for various communications, such as downlink and uplink.

[0008] Additionally, new wireless LAN systems can apply unequal modulation (UEQM) technology to improve the SNR gap between different spatial streams. For example, if channel changes or interference occurs after UEQM is applied, link adaptation may be required for the link to which UEQM is applied.

[0009] This present disclosure proposes various signaling techniques related to improved MCS techniques and / or UEQM techniques.

[0010] Among the various examples of this specification, a method related to the UEQM technique includes a step of transmitting a trigger frame containing information for requesting feedback related to UEQM (Unequal modulation). For example, the trigger frame may include a common info field and a user info field.

[0011] For example, the user information field may include first bit information identifying that the trigger frame is intended to request feedback related to the UEQM. For example, the trigger frame may include information for requesting feedback related to the UEQM.

[0012] An example of the present specification may further include a step of receiving a trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in response to the trigger frame. For example, the TB PPDU may include feedback information related to the UEQM.

[0013] An example of this specification includes a process for requesting feedback related to Unequal Modulation (UEQM) and obtaining the requested feedback. Through this, an STA (e.g., AP) performing UEQM can obtain information on optimal parameters for UEQM to be applied later. According to an example of this specification, a procedure for obtaining information on optimal parameters for UEQM to be applied later is proposed. Through this, the STA can determine communication parameters for optimal UEQM, and as a result, the problem of imbalance occurring for a specific spatial stream can be resolved, thereby achieving the advantageous effect of increasing the throughput of a wireless communication system.

[0014] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification.

[0015] Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0016] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating a general link setup process.

[0017] Figure 4 illustrates one embodiment of a multi-link (ML).

[0018] Figure 5 illustrates a PPDU transmitted / received by an STA of this specification.

[0019] Figure 6 is a diagram showing the layout of resource units (RUs) used for 20MHz PPDU.

[0020] Figure 7 is a diagram showing the layout of resource units (RUs) used for 40MHz PPDU.

[0021] Figure 8 is a diagram showing the layout of resource units (RUs) used for 80MHz PPDU.

[0022] Figure 9 shows the operation according to UL-MU.

[0023] Figure 10 shows an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band.

[0024] Figure 11 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band.

[0025] Figure 12 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band.

[0026] Figure 13 shows an example of a header of a MAC frame.

[0027] FIG. 14 illustrates a modified example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification.

[0028] Figures 15 and 16 are drawings illustrating an imbalance that occurs for at least one SS.

[0029] FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a case where UEQM feedback is requested by a trigger frame according to an example of the present specification.

[0030] FIG. 18 illustrates an example of a case where UEQM feedback is requested by a trigger frame according to an example of the present specification.

[0031] FIG. 19 relates to a method for transmitting and receiving feedback related to UEQM according to an example of the present specification.

[0032] Figure 20 shows an example of a BAR frame.

[0033] Figure 21 shows an example of a BAR control field.

[0034] Figure 22 illustrates a BA frame related to an example of the present specification.

[0035] Figure 23 shows an example of a BA control field included in a BA frame.

[0036] Figure 24 shows an example of a BA format included in a BA frame.

[0037] Figure 25 is an example of a procedure flowchart related to this specification.

[0038] Figure 26 is an example of a procedure flowchart related to this specification.

[0039] In this specification, “A or B” can mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” In other words, “A or B” in this specification can be interpreted as “A and / or B.” For example, “A, B or C” in this specification can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B, and C.”

[0040] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0041] In this specification, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in this specification, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0042] In addition, parentheses used in this specification may mean “for example”. Specifically, when it is indicated as “control information (UHR-Signal field)”, the “UHR-Signal field” may be proposed as an example of “control information”. In other words, the “control information” in this specification is not limited to the “UHR-Signal field”, and the “UHR-Signal field” may be proposed as an example of “control information”. In addition, even when it is indicated as “control information (UHR-Signal field)”, the “UHR-Signal field” may be proposed as an example of “control information”.

[0043] Additionally, as used herein, “a / an” can mean “at least one” or “one or more.” Additionally, terms ending in “(s)” can mean “at least one” or “one or more.”

[0044] Additionally, the expressions “based on” or “on the basis of” or “according to” used herein mean “based at least in part on” and not “based solely on.”

[0045] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0046] The following examples of this specification can be applied to various wireless communication systems. For example, the following examples of this specification can be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN) systems. For example, the present specification can be applied to the IEEE 802.11a / g / n / ac / ax / be / bn standards. In addition, the examples of this specification can be applied to the Ultra High Reliability (UHR) standard or the next-generation wireless LAN standard that enhances IEEE 802.11bn. In addition, the examples of this specification can be applied to mobile communication systems. For example, the examples of this specification can be applied to mobile communication systems based on Long Term Evolution (LTE) and its evolution based on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard.

[0047] In order to explain the technical features of this specification, the technical features to which this specification can be applied are described below.

[0048] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification.

[0049] An example of FIG. 1 can perform various technical features described below. FIG. 1 relates to at least one STA (station). For example, the STA (110, 120) of the present specification may also be referred to by various names such as a mobile terminal, a wireless device, a Wireless Transmit / Receive Unit (WTRU), a User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Station (MS), a Mobile Subscriber Unit, or simply a user. The STA (110, 120) of the present specification may also be referred to by various names such as a network, a base station, a Node-B, an access point (AP), a repeater, a router, a relay, etc. The STA (110, 120) of the present specification may also be referred to by various names such as a receiving apparatus, a transmitting apparatus, a receiving STA, a transmitting STA, a receiving device, a transmitting device, etc.

[0050] For example, STA (110, 120) may perform the role of an AP (access point) or a non-AP role. That is, STA (110, 120) of the present specification may perform the functions of an AP and / or a non-AP. In the present specification, AP may also be indicated as an AP STA.

[0051] The STA (110, 120) of this specification can support various communication standards other than the IEEE 802.11 standard. For example, it can support communication standards according to the 3GPP standard (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR standard). In addition, the STA of this specification can be implemented in various devices such as mobile phones, vehicles, and personal computers. In addition, the STA of this specification can support communication for various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communications, and autonomous driving (Self-Driving, Autonomous-Driving).

[0052] In this specification, STA (110, 120) may include a medium access control (MAC) and a physical layer interface for a wireless medium that follow the provisions of the IEEE 802.11 standard.

[0053] Based on the sub-drawing (a) of Fig. 1, STA (110, 120) is described as follows.

[0054] The first STA (110) may include a processor (111), a memory (112), and a transceiver (113). The illustrated processor, memory, and transceiver may each be implemented as separate chips, or at least two blocks / functions may be implemented through a single chip.

[0055] The transceiver (113) of the first STA performs signal transmission and reception operations. Specifically, it can transmit and receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0056] For example, the first STA (110) can perform the intended operation of the AP. For example, the processor (111) of the AP can receive a signal through the transceiver (113), process the received signal, generate a transmission signal, and perform control for signal transmission. The memory (112) of the AP can store a signal (e.g., a received signal) received through the transceiver (113) and store a signal (e.g., a transmitted signal) to be transmitted through the transceiver.

[0057] For example, the second STA (120) can perform the intended operation of a non-AP STA. For example, the transceiver (123) of the non-AP performs signal transmission and reception operations. Specifically, it can transmit and receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0058] For example, the processor (121) of the Non-AP STA can receive a signal through the transceiver (123), process the received signal, generate a transmission signal, and perform control for signal transmission. The memory (122) of the Non-AP STA can store a signal (e.g., a reception signal) received through the transceiver (123) and store a signal (e.g., a transmission signal) to be transmitted through the transceiver.

[0059] For example, in the specification below, the operation of a device indicated as AP may be performed in the first STA (110) or the second STA (120). For example, if the first STA (110) is an AP, the operation of the device indicated as AP may be controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (110), and a related signal may be transmitted or received through a transceiver (113) controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (110). In addition, control information related to the operation of the AP or a transmission / reception signal of the AP may be stored in the memory (112) of the first STA (110). In addition, when the second STA (110) is an AP, the operation of the device indicated as an AP is controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120), and a related signal can be transmitted or received through a transceiver (123) controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120). In addition, control information related to the operation of the AP or the transmission / reception signal of the AP can be stored in the memory (122) of the second STA (110).

[0060] For example, in the specification below, the operation of a device indicated as a non-AP (or User-STA) may be performed in the STA (110) or the second STA (120). For example, if the second STA (120) is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as a non-AP may be controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120), and a related signal may be transmitted or received through a transceiver (123) controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120). In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the transmission / reception signal of the AP may be stored in the memory (122) of the second STA (120). For example, if the first STA (110) is a non-AP, the operation of a device indicated as a non-AP is controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (110), and a related signal may be transmitted or received through a transceiver (113) controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (120). In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the transmission / reception signal of the AP may be stored in the memory (112) of the first STA (110).

[0061] In the following specification, devices called (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) Terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, network, etc. may refer to the STA (110, 120) of FIG. 1. For example, devices indicated as (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) Terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, network, etc. without specific drawing symbols may also refer to the STA (110, 120) of FIG. 1. For example, in the example below, the operation of various STAs transmitting and receiving signals (e.g., PPPDU) may be performed by the transceiver (113, 123) of FIG. 1. In addition, in the example below, the operation of various STAs generating transmission and reception signals or performing data processing or calculations in advance for transmission and reception signals may be performed by the processor (111, 121) of FIG. 1.For example, an example of an operation for generating a transmission / reception signal or performing data processing or operation in advance for a transmission / reception signal may include 1) an operation for determining / obtaining / configuring / computing / decoding / encoding bit information of a subfield (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) field included in a PPDU, 2) an operation for determining / configuring / obtaining time resources or frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier resources) used for a subfield (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) field included in a PPDU, 3) an operation for determining / configuring / obtaining a specific sequence (e.g., a pilot sequence, an STF / LTF sequence, an extra sequence applied to SIG) used for a subfield (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) field included in a PPDU, 4) a power control operation and / or a power saving operation applied to an STA, 5) an operation related to determining / obtaining / configuring / computing / decoding / encoding an ACK signal, etc. Additionally, in the examples below, various information (e.g., information related to fields / subfields / control fields / parameters / power, etc.) used by various STAs for determining / acquiring / configuring / computing / decoding / encoding transmission / reception signals can be stored in the memory (112, 122) of FIG. 1.

[0062] The device / STA of the sub-drawing (a) of the above-described FIG. 1 can be modified as in the sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1. Hereinafter, the STA (110, 120) of the present specification will be described based on the sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1.

[0063] For example, the transceiver (113, 123) illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 may perform the same function as the transceiver illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1 described above. For example, the processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 may include a processor (111, 121) and a memory (112, 122). The processor (111, 121) and the memory (112, 122) illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 may perform the same function as the processor (111, 121) and the memory (112, 122) illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1 described above.

[0064] The mobile terminal, wireless device, Wireless Transmit / Receive Unit (WTRU), User Equipment (UE), Mobile Station (MS), Mobile Subscriber Unit, user, user STA, network, Base Station, Node-B, Access Point (AP), repeater, router, relay, receiving device, transmitting device, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving Device, transmitting Device, receiving Apparatus, and / or transmitting Apparatus described below may refer to the STA (110, 120) illustrated in the sub-drawings (a) / (b) of FIG. 1, or may refer to the processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in the sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1. That is, the technical feature of the present specification may be performed in the STA (110, 120) illustrated in the sub-drawings (a) / (b) of FIG. 1, or may be performed only in the processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in the sub-drawings (b) of FIG. 1. For example, the technical feature that the transmitting STA transmits a control signal may be understood as a technical feature that the control signal generated in the processor (111, 121) illustrated in the sub-drawings (a) / (b) of FIG. 1 is transmitted through the transceiver (113, 123) illustrated in the sub-drawings (a) / (b) of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the technical feature that the transmitting STA transmits a control signal may be understood as a technical feature that the control signal to be transmitted to the transceiver (113, 123) is generated in the processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in the sub-drawings (b) of FIG. 1.

[0065] For example, the technical feature of a receiving STA receiving a control signal can be understood as a technical feature of a control signal being received by a transceiver (113, 123) illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the technical feature of a receiving STA receiving a control signal can be understood as a technical feature of a control signal received by a transceiver (113, 123) illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1 being acquired by a processor (111, 121) illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the technical feature of a receiving STA receiving a control signal can be understood as a technical feature of a control signal received by a transceiver (113, 123) illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 being acquired by a processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG.

[0066] Referring to the sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1, software code (115, 125) may be included in the memory (112, 122). The software code (115, 125) may include instructions that control the operation of the processor (111, 121). The software code (115, 125) may be included in various programming languages.

[0067] The processor (111, 121) or processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in FIG. 1 may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, and / or a data processing device. The processor may be an application processor (AP). For example, the processor (111, 121) or processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in FIG. 1 may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem (modulator and demodulator). For example, the processor (111, 121) or processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in FIG. 1 may be a SNAPDRAGON® series processor manufactured by Qualcomm®, an EXYNOS® series processor manufactured by Samsung®, an A series processor manufactured by Apple®, a HELIO® series processor manufactured by MediaTek®, an ATOM® series processor manufactured by INTEL®, or an enhanced processor thereof.

[0068] In this specification, uplink may mean a link for communication from a non-AP STA to an AP STA, and uplink PPDU / packet / signal, etc. may be transmitted through the uplink. In addition, in this specification, downlink may mean a link for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and downlink PPDU / packet / signal, etc. may be transmitted through the downlink.

[0069] Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0070] The upper part of Figure 2 shows the structure of the infrastructure BSS (basic service set) of IEEE (institute of electrical and electronic engineers) 802.11.

[0071] Referring to the top of FIG. 2, the wireless LAN system may include one or more infrastructure BSSs (200, 205) (hereinafter, BSS). The BSSs (200, 205) are a collection of APs and STAs, such as an access point (AP) 225 and a station (STA1, 200-1), that have successfully synchronized and can communicate with each other, and are not a concept that designates a specific area. The BSS (205) may also include one or more STAs (205-1, 205-2) that can be associated with one AP (230).

[0072] A BSS may include at least one STA, an AP (225, 230) providing a distribution service, and a distribution system (DS, 210) connecting multiple APs.

[0073] A distributed system (210) can connect multiple BSSs (200, 205) to implement an extended service set (ESS) 240. An ESS (240) can be used as a term to indicate a network formed by connecting one or more APs through the distributed system (210). APs included in a single ESS (240) can have the same SSID (service set identification).

[0074] The portal (portal, 220) can act as a bridge to connect a wireless LAN network (IEEE 802.11) to another network (e.g., 802.X).

[0075] In a BSS such as the upper part of Fig. 2, a network between APs (225, 230) and a network between APs (225, 230) and STAs (200-1, 205-1, 205-2) can be implemented. However, it may also be possible to establish a network and perform communication between STAs without an AP (225, 230). A network that establishes a network and performs communication between STAs without an AP (225, 230) is defined as an ad-hoc network or an independent basic service set (IBSS).

[0076] The bottom of Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing IBSS.

[0077] Referring to the bottom of Fig. 2, the IBSS is a BSS that operates in ad-hoc mode. Since the IBSS does not include an AP, there is no centralized management entity. That is, in the IBSS, the STAs (250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, 255-5) are managed in a distributed manner. In the IBSS, all STAs (250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, 255-5) can be mobile STAs, and access to the distributed system is not permitted, forming a self-contained network.

[0078] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating a general link setup process.

[0079] In step S310, the STA may perform a network discovery operation. This network discovery operation may include scanning by the STA. That is, for the STA to access the network, it must find a network it can join. Before joining a wireless network, the STA must identify compatible networks. The process of identifying networks in a specific area is called scanning. Scanning methods include active scanning and passive scanning.

[0080] Figure 3 illustrates a network discovery operation that includes an active scanning process as an example. In active scanning, an STA performing scanning transmits a probe request frame to discover which APs exist in the vicinity while moving between channels and waits for a response. A responder transmits a probe response frame to the STA that transmitted the probe request frame in response to the probe request frame. Here, the responder may be the STA that last transmitted a beacon frame in the BSS of the channel being scanned. In a BSS, the AP transmits the beacon frame, so the AP becomes the responder. In an IBSS, the STAs within the IBSS take turns transmitting beacon frames, so the responder is not constant. For example, an STA that transmits a probe request frame on channel 1 and receives a probe response frame on channel 1 can store BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame and move to the next channel (e.g., channel 2) to perform scanning (e.g., transmitting and receiving probe requests / responses on channel 2) in the same manner.

[0081] Although not shown in the example of FIG. 3, the scanning operation can also be performed in a passive scanning manner. An STA performing scanning based on passive scanning can wait for a beacon frame while moving between channels. A beacon frame is one of the management frames in IEEE 802.11. It announces the presence of a wireless network and is periodically transmitted so that the scanning STA can find the wireless network and participate in the wireless network. In the BSS, the AP periodically transmits the beacon frame, and in the IBSS, the STAs within the IBSS take turns transmitting the beacon frame. When the scanning STA receives a beacon frame, it stores the information about the BSS included in the beacon frame and moves to another channel, recording the beacon frame information on each channel. An STA that receives a beacon frame can store the BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame, move to the next channel, and perform scanning on the next channel in the same manner.

[0082] An STA that discovers a network can perform an authentication process through step S320. This authentication process may be referred to as the first authentication process to clearly distinguish it from the security setup operation of step S340 described below. The authentication process of S320 may include a process in which the STA transmits an authentication request frame to the AP, and the AP responds by transmitting an authentication response frame to the STA. The authentication frame used for the authentication request / response corresponds to a management frame.

[0083] The authentication frame may include information such as an authentication algorithm number, an authentication transaction sequence number, a status code, a challenge text, a Robust Security Network (RSN), and a Finite Cyclic Group.

[0084] An STA can transmit an authentication request frame to an AP. The AP can determine whether to grant authentication to the STA based on the information contained in the received authentication request frame. The AP can provide the result of the authentication process to the STA via an authentication response frame.

[0085] A successfully authenticated STA may perform an association process based on step S330. The association process includes a process in which the STA transmits an association request frame to the AP, and the AP transmits an association response frame to the STA in response. For example, the association request frame may include information related to various capabilities, such as a beacon listen interval, a service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, RSN, mobility domain, supported operating classes, a Traffic Indication Map Broadcast request, and interworking service capabilities. For example, the association response frame may contain information related to various capabilities, status codes, Association ID (AID), supported rates, Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) parameter sets, Received Channel Power Indicator (RCPI), Received Signal to Noise Indicator (RSNI), mobility domains, timeout interval (association comeback time), overlapping BSS scan parameters, TIM broadcast response, QoS maps, etc.

[0086] In step S340, the STA may perform a security setup process. The security setup process of step S340 may include, for example, a process of setting up a private key through a four-way handshaking using an Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame.

[0087] Figure 4 illustrates one embodiment of a multi-link (ML).

[0088] As illustrated in FIG. 4, multiple multi-link devices (MLDs) can communicate over a remote link. The MLDs can be categorized into AP MLDs including multiple AP STAs and non-AP MLDs including multiple non-AP STAs. That is, the AP MLD can include affiliated APs (e.g., AP STAs), and the non-AP MLD can include affiliated STAs (e.g., non-AP STAs, or user-STAs).

[0089] A multilink may include a first link and a second link, and different channels / subchannels / frequency resources may be allocated to the first and second links. The first and second multilinks may be identified through a link ID of 4 bits (or other n bits). The first and second links may be configured in the same 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz band. Alternatively, the first link and the second link may be configured in different bands.

[0090] The AP MLD of FIG. 4 includes three affiliated APs. In the example of FIG. 4, AP1 may operate in the 2.4 GHz band, AP2 may operate in the 5 GHz band, and AP3 may operate in the 6 GHz band. In the example of FIG. 4, the first link in which AP1 and non-AP1 operate may be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 2.4 GHz band. Furthermore, in the example of FIG. 4, the second link in which AP2 and non-AP2 operate may be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 5 GHz band. Furthermore, in the example of FIG. 4, the third link in which AP3 and non-AP3 operate may be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 6 GHz band.

[0091] In the example of FIG. 4, AP1 can initiate a multi-link setup procedure (ML setup procedure) by transmitting an Association Request frame to non-AP STA1. In the example of FIG. 4, non-AP STA1 can transmit an Association Response frame in response to the Association Request frame. Each AP (e.g., AP1 / 2 / 3) illustrated in FIG. 4 may be identical to the AP illustrated in FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 2, and each non-AP (e.g., non-AP1 / 2 / 3) illustrated in FIG. 4 may be identical to the STA (e.g., user-STA or non-AP STA) illustrated in FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 2.

[0092] The specific features of this specification are not limited to the specific features of FIG. 4. That is, the number of links can be defined in various ways, and multiple links can be defined in various ways within at least one band.

[0093] FIG. 5 illustrates a PPDU (physical protocol data unit or physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit) transmitted / received by an STA of this specification.

[0094] The STA (e.g., AP STA, non-AP STA, AP MLD, non-AP MLD) of the present specification can transmit and / or receive the PPDU of FIG. 5. The PPDU described in the present specification may have, for example, the structure of FIG. 5. In addition, the PPDU described in the present specification may be called by various names such as a transmission PPDU, a reception PPDU, a first type PPDU, or an Nth type PPDU, etc. The PPDU described in the present specification can be used in a WLAN system defined according to IEEE 802.11bn and / or a next-generation WLAN system that improves IEEE 802.11bn.

[0095] The PPDU of FIG. 5 may be related to various PPDU types used in a UHR system. For example, the example of FIG. 5 may be used for at least one of a single-user (SU) mode / type / transmission, a multi-user (MU) mode / type / transmission, and a null data packet (NDP) mode / type / transmission related to channel sounding. For example, if the example of FIG. 5 is related to NDP, the Data field illustrated may be omitted. If the PPDU of FIG. 5 is used for a trigger-based (TB) mode, the UHR-SIG of FIG. 5 may be omitted. In other words, an STA that has received a trigger frame for UL-MU (Uplink-MU) communication may transmit a PPDU with the UHR-SIG omitted in the example of FIG. 5.

[0096] In FIG. 5, L-STF or UHR-LTF may be called a preamble or physical preamble, and may be generated / transmitted / received / acquired / decoded in the physical layer (included in the transmitting / receiving STA).

[0097] Each block illustrated in Fig. 5 may be called a field / subfield / signal, etc. The names of these fields / subfields / signals may be, as illustrated in Fig. 5, L-STF (legacy short training field), L-LTF (legacy long training field), L-SIG (legacy signal), RL-SIG (repeated L-SIG), U-SIG (Universal Signal), UHR-SIG (UHR-signal), etc.

[0098] The subcarrier spacing of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields in FIG. 5 may be set to 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the UHR-STF, UHR-LTF, and Data fields may be set to 78.125 kHz. That is, the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields may be expressed in units of 312.5 kHz, and the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the UHR-STF, UHR-LTF, and Data fields may be expressed in units of 78.125 kHz.

[0099] In the PPDU of Fig. 5, L-LTF and L-STF may be identical to conventional fields (e.g., non-HT LTF and non-HT STF defined in conventional WLAN standards).

[0100] The L-SIG field of FIG. 5 may include, for example, 24 bits of bit information. For example, the 24 bits of information may include a 4 bit Rate field, a 1 bit Reserved bit, a 12 bit Length field, a 1 bit Parity bit, and a 6 bit Tail bit. For example, the 12 bit Length field may include information about the length or time duration of the PPDU. For example, the value of the 12 bit Length field may be determined based on the type of the PPDU. For example, if the PPDU is a non-HT (non-High Throughput), HT (High Throughput), VHT (Very High Throughput) PPDU, or an EHT (extremely high throughput) PPDU or UHR PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as a multiple of 3. For example, if the PPDU is a HE PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as "a multiple of 3 + 1" or "a multiple of 3 + 2". In other words, for non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU, EHT PPDU, UHR PPDU, the value of the Length field can be determined as a multiple of 3, and for HE (High Efficiency) PPDU, the value of the Length field can be determined as "a multiple of 3 + 1" or "a multiple of 3 + 2". In other words, the Length field in an UHR PPDU is set to a value satisfying the condition that the remainder is zero when LENGTH is divided by 3.

[0101] For example, (non-AP and AP) STAs can apply BCC encoding based on a code rate of 1 / 2 to the 24 bits of information in the L-SIG field. Then, the transmitting STA can obtain 48 BCC coded bits. BPSK modulation can be applied to the 48 coded bits to generate 48 BPSK symbols. The transmitting STA can map the 48 BPSK symbols to positions excluding the pilot subcarriers {subcarrier index -21, -7, +7, +21} and the DC subcarrier {subcarrier index 0}. As a result, the 48 BPSK symbols can be mapped to subcarrier indices -26 to -22, -20 to -8, -6 to -1, +1 to +6, +8 to +20, and +22 to +26. The transmitting STA can additionally map the signal {-1, -1, -1, 1} to the subcarrier indices {-28, -27, +27, +28}. The above signal can be used for channel estimation for the frequency domain corresponding to {-28, -27, +27, +28}.

[0102] For example, (non-AP and AP) STA can generate RL-SIG, which is generated in the same manner as L-SIG. BPSK modulation can be applied to RL-SIG. Receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can determine whether the received PPDU is a HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, or UHR PPDU based on the presence of RL-SIG. In other words, if RL-SIG is present, receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can determine whether the received PPDU is one of HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, or UHR PPDU. In other words, if RL-SIG is not present, receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can determine whether the received PPDU is one of non-HT PPDU, HT PPDU, or VHT PPDU. In other words, the RL-SIG field is a repeat of the L-SIG field and is used to differentiate an UHR PPDU from a non-HT PPDU, HT PPDU, and VHT PPDU.

[0103] After the RL-SIG in Fig. 5, a U-SIG (Universal SIG) may be inserted. The U-SIG may be called by various names such as the first SIG field, the first SIG, the first type SIG, the control signal, the control signal field, the first (type) control signal, the common control field, and the common control signal.

[0104] A U-SIG can contain N bits of information and can include information for identifying the type of EHT PPDU. For example, a U-SIG can be formed based on two symbols (e.g., two consecutive OFDM symbols). Each symbol (e.g., an OFDM symbol) for a U-SIG can have a duration of 4 microseconds. Each symbol of a U-SIG can be used to transmit 26 bits of information. For example, each symbol of a U-SIG can be transmitted and received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.

[0105] For example, A bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) can be transmitted through U-SIG, and the first symbol of U-SIG can transmit the first X bits of information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits) out of the total A bit information, and the second symbol of U-SIG can transmit the remaining Y bits of information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits) out of the total A bit information. For example, the transmitting STA can obtain 26 uncoded bits included in each U-SIG symbol. The transmitting STA can perform convolutional encoding (e.g., BCC encoding) based on a rate of R=1 / 2 to generate 52 coded bits, and perform interleaving on the 52 coded bits. The transmitting STA can perform BPSK modulation on the interleaved 52 coded bits to generate 52 BPSK symbols allocated to each U-SIG symbol. A single U-SIG symbol can be transmitted based on 56 tones (subcarriers) from subcarrier index -28 to subcarrier index +28, excluding DC index 0. The 52 BPSK symbols generated by the transmitting STA can be transmitted based on the remaining tones (subcarriers) excluding the pilot tones -21, -7, +7, and +21.

[0106] For example, A bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) transmitted by U-SIG may include a CRC field (e.g., a 4-bit long field) and a tail field (e.g., a 6-bit long field). The CRC field and the tail field may be transmitted through the second symbol of the U-SIG. The CRC field may be generated based on 26 bits allocated to the first symbol of the U-SIG and the remaining 16 bits excluding the CRC / tail field within the second symbol, and may be generated based on a conventional CRC calculation algorithm. In addition, the tail field may be used to terminate the trellis of the convolutional decoder and may be set to, for example, "000000".

[0107] The A bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) transmitted by the U-SIG (or U-SIG field) can be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits. For example, the size of the version-independent bits can be fixed or variable. For example, the version-independent bits can be assigned only to the first symbol of the U-SIG, or the version-independent bits can be assigned to both the first symbol and the second symbol of the U-SIG. For example, the version-independent bits and the version-dependent bits can be called by various names, such as the first control bit and the second control bit.

[0108] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 3-bit PHY version identifier. For example, the 3-bit PHY version identifier may include information related to the PHY version of the transmitted and received PPDU. For example, a first value (e.g., a value of 000) of the 3-bit PHY version identifier may indicate that the transmitted and received PPDU is an EHT PPDU. In addition, a second value (e.g., a value of 001) of the 3-bit PHY version identifier may indicate that the transmitted and received PPDU is an UHR PPDU.

[0109] In other words, when the (AP / non-AP) STA transmits an EHT PPDU, it can set the 3-bit PHY version identifier to the first value. In other words, the receiving (AP / non-AP) STA can determine that the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the PHY version identifier having the first value, and can determine that the received PPDU is an UHR PPDU based on the PHY version identifier having the second value.

[0110] For example, the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL / DL flag field. The first value of the 1-bit UL / DL flag field relates to UL communication, and the second value of the UL / DL flag field relates to DL communication.

[0111] For example, the version-independent bits of U-SIG may contain information about the length of the TXOP and information about the BSS color ID.

[0112] For example, if a UHR PPDU is classified into various types (e.g., a type related to SU transmission (performed based on UL or DL), a type related to DL transmission, a type related to NDP transmission, a type related to DL non-MU-MIMO, a type related to DL MU-MIMO, a type related to Multi-AP operation, a type related to CBF (Coordinated beamforming), SR (Spatial Reuse), a type related to C-OFDMA (Coordinated OFDMA), a type related to C-TDMA (Coordinated TDMA)), information about the type of the EHT PPDU (e.g., 2-bit or 3-bit information) can be included in the version-dependent bits of the U-SIG.

[0113] For example, U-SIG may include 1) a bandwidth field including information about bandwidth, 2) a field including information about a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) technique applied to UHR-SIG, 3) an indication field including information about whether a dual subcarrier modulation (DCM) technique is applied to UHR-SIG, 4) a field including information about the number of symbols used for UHR-SIG, 5) a field including information about whether UHR-SIG is generated over the entire band, 6) a field including information about the type of UHR-LTF / STF, and 7) a field indicating the length of UHR-LTF and the CP length.

[0114] Preamble puncturing may be applied to the PPDU of FIG. 5. Preamble puncturing refers to applying puncturing to a portion of the entire bandwidth of the PPDU (e.g., the secondary 20 MHz band). For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is transmitted, the STA applies puncturing to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band, and can transmit the PPDU only through the primary 20 MHz band and the secondary 40 MHz band.

[0115] For example, the pattern of preamble puncturing can be preset. For example, when the first puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing can be applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when the second puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing can be applied only to one of the two secondary 20 MHz bands included in the secondary 40 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when the third puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing can be applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band included in the primary 80 MHz band within the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band). For example, when the fourth puncturing pattern is applied, a primary 40 MHz band included in the primary 80 MHz band within the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band) may be present, and puncturing may be applied to at least one 20 MHz channel that does not belong to the primary 40 MHz band.

[0116] Information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU may be included in the U-SIG and / or UHR-SIG. For example, the first field of the U-SIG may include information regarding the contiguous bandwidth of the PPDU, and the second field of the U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU.

[0117] For example, U-SIG and UHR-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing based on the following method. If the bandwidth of the PPDU exceeds 80 MHz, the U-SIGs may be individually configured in units of 80 MHz. For example, if the bandwidth of the PPDU is 160 MHz, the PPDU may include a first U-SIG for the first 80 MHz band and a second U-SIG for the second 80 MHz band. In this case, the first field of the first U-SIG may include information regarding the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the first U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (e.g., information regarding a preamble puncturing pattern). Additionally, the first field of the second U-SIG may include information regarding a 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the second U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (e.g., information regarding a preamble puncturing pattern). Meanwhile, the UHR-SIG consecutive to the first U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (e.g., information regarding a preamble puncturing pattern), and the UHR-SIG consecutive to the second U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (e.g., information regarding a preamble puncturing pattern).

[0118] Additionally or alternatively, U-SIG and UHR-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing based on the following methods. U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing for all bands (e.g., information regarding preamble puncturing patterns). That is, UHR-SIG may not include information regarding preamble puncturing, and only U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing (e.g., information regarding preamble puncturing patterns).

[0119] U-SIGs can be configured in 20 MHz units. For example, if an 80 MHz PPDU is configured, U-SIGs can be duplicated. That is, four identical U-SIGs can be included within an 80 MHz PPDU. PPDUs exceeding the 80 MHz bandwidth can contain different U-SIGs.

[0120] The UHR-SIG of FIG. 5 may include control information for a receiving STA. The UHR-SIG may be transmitted via at least one symbol, and each symbol may have a length of 4 us. Information regarding the number of symbols used for the UHR-SIG may be included in the U-SIG.

[0121] UHR-SIG provides additional signals to the U-SIG field to enable STAs to interpret / decode UHR PPDUs. The UHR-SIG field may contain U-SIG overflow bits that are common to all users. The UHR-SIG field also contains resource allocation information, allowing STAs to look up resources used in fields containing data fields / UHR-STF / UHR-LTF (e.g., UHR modulated fields of an UHR PPDU).

[0122] The frequency resources of the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and data fields illustrated in FIG. 5 can be determined based on RUs (resource units) defined by multiple subcarriers / tones. That is, the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and data fields of this specification can be transmitted / received through RUs (resource units) defined by multiple subcarriers / tones.

[0123] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the layout of resource units (RUs) used for a 20 MHz PPDU. That is, the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and / or data fields included in the 20 MHz PPDU can be transmitted / received through at least one of the various RUs defined in FIG. 6.

[0124] As shown at the top of Fig. 6, 26 units (e.g., units corresponding to 26 tones) may be arranged. Six tones may be used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 20 MHz band, and five tones may be used as a guard band in the rightmost band of the 20 MHz band. In addition, seven DC tones may be inserted in the center band, i.e., the DC band, and 26 units corresponding to 13 tones may exist on each side of the DC band. In addition, 26 units, 52 units, and 106 units may be allocated to other bands. Each unit may be allocated for a receiving station, i.e., a user.

[0125] Meanwhile, the RU arrangement of FIG. 6 is utilized not only in a situation for multiple users (MUs) but also in a situation for a single user (SU), in which case it is possible to use one 242-unit as shown at the bottom of FIG. 4, in which case three DC tones can be inserted.

[0126] In the example of Fig. 6, RUs of various sizes, such as 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, and 242-RU, are proposed. Since the specific sizes of these RUs can be expanded or increased, the present embodiment is not limited to the specific sizes of each RU (e.g., the number of corresponding tones). In this specification, N-RU may be represented as N-tone RU, etc. For example, 26-RU may be represented as 26-tone RU.

[0127] Figure 7 is a diagram showing the layout of resource units (RUs) used for 40MHz PPDU.

[0128] As in the example of Fig. 6 where RUs of various sizes were used, the example of Fig. 7 can also use 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, etc. In addition, 5 DC tones can be inserted at the center frequency, 12 tones can be used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 40 MHz band, and 11 tones can be used as a guard band in the rightmost band of the 40 MHz band.

[0129] Additionally, as illustrated, 484 RUs may be used when used for a single user. Meanwhile, the specific number of RUs may be changed, as in the example of FIG. 6.

[0130] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating the layout of resource units (RUs) used for an 80MHz PPDU. The layout of resource units (RUs) used in this specification may vary. For example, the layout of resource units (RUs) used in the 80MHz band may vary.

[0131] Figure 9 illustrates an operation according to UL-MU. As illustrated, a transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can acquire a TXOP (925) by performing channel access through contending (e.g., backoff operation) and transmit a trigger frame (930). That is, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can transmit a PPDU including a trigger frame (930). When a PPDU including a trigger frame is received, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU is transmitted after a delay of SIFS.

[0132] TB PPDUs (941, 942) are transmitted at the same time and can be transmitted from multiple STAs (e.g., User STAs) whose AIDs are indicated in the Trigger frame (930). The ACK frame (950) for the TB PPDU can be implemented in various forms. For example, the ACK frame (950) for the TB PPDU can be implemented in the form of a BA (block ACK).

[0133] In FIG. 9, transmission(s) of a Trigger Frame (930), TB PPDU (941, 942) and / or ACK frame (950) can be performed within a TXOP (925).

[0134] Figure 10 shows an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band.

[0135] The 2.4 GHz band may be referred to by other names, such as the first band (band). Furthermore, the 2.4 GHz band may refer to a frequency range in which channels with a center frequency adjacent to 2.4 GHz (e.g., channels with a center frequency between 2.4 and 2.5 GHz) are used / supported / defined.

[0136] The 2.4 GHz band may include multiple 20 MHz channels. The 20 MHz within the 2.4 GHz band may have multiple channel indices (e.g., indices 1 through 14). For example, the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned channel index 1 may be 2.412 GHz, the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned channel index 2 may be 2.417 GHz, and the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned channel index N may be (2.407 + 0.005*N) GHz. The channel indices may be referred to by various names, such as channel numbers. The specific numerical values ​​of the channel indices and center frequencies may change.

[0137] Figure 10 exemplarily illustrates four channels within the 2.4 GHz band. The illustrated first frequency region (1010) to fourth frequency region (1040) may each include one channel. For example, the first frequency region (1010) may include channel 1 (a 20 MHz channel having an index of 1). In this case, the center frequency of channel 1 may be set to 2412 MHz. The second frequency region (1020) may include channel 6. In this case, the center frequency of channel 6 may be set to 2437 MHz. The third frequency region (1030) may include channel 11. In this case, the center frequency of channel 11 may be set to 2462 MHz. The fourth frequency region (1040) may include channel 14. In this case, the center frequency of channel 14 may be set to 2484 MHz.

[0138] Figure 11 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band.

[0139] The 5 GHz band may be referred to by other names, such as a second band / band, etc. The 5 GHz band may refer to a frequency range in which channels with center frequencies greater than or equal to 5 GHz and less than 6 GHz (or less than 5.9 GHz) are used / supported / defined. Alternatively, the 5 GHz band may include multiple channels between 4.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. The specific figures shown in FIG. 11 are subject to change.

[0140] Multiple channels within the 5 GHz band include Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (UNII)-1, UNII-2, UNII-3, and ISM. UNII-1 may be referred to as UNII Low. UNII-2 may include frequency ranges called UNII Mid and UNII-2Extended. UNII-3 may be referred to as UNII-Upper.

[0141] Within the 5 GHz band, multiple channels can be configured, and the bandwidth of each channel can be variously configured, such as 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz. For example, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range within UNII-1 and UNII-2 can be divided into eight 20 MHz channels. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into four channels through a 40 MHz frequency domain. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into two channels through an 80 MHz frequency domain. Alternatively, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into one channel through a 160 MHz frequency domain.

[0142] Figure 12 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band.

[0143] The 6 GHz band may also be referred to by other names, such as the third band / band. The 6 GHz band may refer to the frequency range in which channels with center frequencies above 5.9 GHz are used, supported, or defined. The specific figures shown in Figure 12 are subject to change.

[0144] For example, the 20 MHz channel of FIG. 12 can be defined from 5.940 GHz. Specifically, the leftmost channel among the 20 MHz channels of FIG. 12 can have an index of 1 (or channel index, channel number, etc.), and a center frequency of 5.945 GHz can be assigned. That is, the center frequency of the indexed channel N can be determined as (5.940 + 0.005*N) GHz.

[0145] Accordingly, the indexes (or channel numbers) of the 20 MHz channels of FIG. 12 are 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61, 65, 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97, 101, 105, 109, 113, 117, 121, 125, 129, 133, 137, 141, 145, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 185, 189, 193, It can be 197, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217, 221, 225, 229, 233. Also, according to the (5.940 + 0.005*N) GHz rule mentioned above, the indices of the 40 MHz channels in Fig. 12 can be 3, 11, 19, 27, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 115, 123, 131, 139, 147, 155, 163, 171, 179, 187, 195, 203, 211, 219, 227.

[0146] Below, the structure and types / subtypes of MAC frames are described.

[0147] Fig. 13 illustrates an example of a header of a MAC frame. As illustrated, the MAC frame may include a frame control field / information of 2 octets in length, a duration field / information of 2 octets in length, a RA (Receiver Address) field / information of 6 octets in length, and a TA (Transmitter Address) field / information of 6 octets in length. As illustrated in Fig. 13, the four fields may be consecutive to each other. The MAC header of Fig. 13 may be modified in various ways, and a new field may be inserted between the four illustrated fields, or at least one of the illustrated fields may be omitted.

[0148] The MAC header illustrated in Fig. 13 may be positioned at the very front of a MAC frame. That is, the MAC frame may include a MAC header as illustrated in Fig. 13 and MAC body fields / information subsequent to the MAC header. The MAC frame including the MAC header of Fig. 13 is inserted / included in the data field of the PPDU (e.g., UHR PPDU) illustrated in Fig. 5.

[0149] The MAC frames included in the data field of the PPDU of this specification can be classified into various types. For example, the MAC frames of this specification can be classified into control frames, management frames, and data frames.

[0150] For example, the management frame includes Association Request, Association Response, Reassociation Request, Reassociation Response, Probe Request, Probe Response, Beacon, Disassociation, Authentication, and Deauthentication frames / signals defined in conventional WLAN. For the management frame, the values ​​of the type fields (B3 and B2) in FIG. 13 are set to 00. In addition, the values ​​of the subtype fields (B7, B6, B5, B4) in FIG. 13 are as follows: Association Request (0000), Association Response (0001), Reassociation Request (0010), Reassociation Response (0011), Probe Request (0100), Probe Response (0101), Beacon (1000), Disassociation (1010), Authentication (1011), Deauthentication (1100).

[0151] For example, the control frame includes Trigger Beamforming Report Poll, NDP Announcement (NDPA), Control Frame Extension, Control Wrapper, Block Ack Request (BlockAckReq), Block Ack (BlockAck), PS-Poll, RTS, CTS, Ack, and CF-End frames / signals defined in conventional WLAN. For the control frame, the value of the type field (B3 and B2) in FIG. 13 is set to 01. Also, the values ​​of the subtype fields (B7, B6, B5, B4) of FIG. 13 are as follows: Trigger (0010), Beamforming Report Poll (0100), NDP Announcement (0101), Control Frame Extension (0110), Control Wrapper (0111), BlockAckReq (1000), BlockAck (1001), PS-Poll (1010), RTS (1011), CTS (1100), Ack (1101), CF-End (1110).

[0152] For example, the data frame includes (QoS) Data, (QoS) Null, etc. defined in conventional WLAN. For the management frame, the value of the type field (B3 and B2) of Fig. 13 is set to 10.

[0153] The MAC frame / signal used in this specification can be identified through the type field / information and subtype field / information described above. For example, the “trigger frame” in this specification can mean a MAC frame in which the type bits B3 and B2 bits in the frame control field of the MAC header are set to 01, and the subtype bits B7, B6, B5, B4 bits in the frame control field are also set to 0010. Various MAC frames described in this specification are inserted / included in the data fields of various PPDUs (e.g., HE / VHT / HE / EHT / UHR PPDUs).

[0154] FIG. 14 illustrates a modified example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification.

[0155] The devices (e.g., AP STA, non-AP STA) illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 may be modified as illustrated in FIG. 14. The transceiver (630) of FIG. 14 may be identical to the transceivers (113, 123) of FIG. 1. The transceiver (630) of FIG. 14 may include a receiver and a transmitter.

[0156] The processor (610) of FIG. 14 may be identical to the processor (111, 121) of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the processor (610) of FIG. 14 may be identical to the processing chip (114, 124) of FIG. 1.

[0157] The memory (150) of FIG. 14 may be the same as the memory (112, 122) of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the memory (150) of FIG. 14 may be a separate external memory different from the memory (112, 122) of FIG. 1.

[0158] Referring to FIG. 14, a power management module (611) manages power to a processor (610) and / or a transceiver (630). A battery (612) supplies power to the power management module (611). A display (613) outputs results processed by the processor (610). A keypad (614) receives input to be used by the processor (610). The keypad (614) may be displayed on the display (613). A SIM card (615) may be an integrated circuit used to securely store an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) and an associated key used to identify and authenticate a subscriber in a mobile phone device, such as a mobile phone or computer.

[0159] Referring to FIG. 14, the speaker (640) can output sound-related results processed by the processor (610). The microphone (641) can receive sound-related input to be used by the processor (610).

[0160] Next Wi-Fi (beyond 11be) aims to support ultra-high reliability (UHR) when transmitting signals to STAs. To support this UHR, various technologies are being considered, including high throughput, low latency, and extended range. To achieve this, additional MCS may be considered to improve throughput by increasing spectral efficiency during signal transmission and reception. Additionally or alternatively, unequal modulation (UEQM) technology may be considered. UEQM technology is a technology that considers SNR imbalance across two or more spatial streams (SSs) during MIMO / beamforming transmission. For example, UEQM technology can refer to a technique that utilizes different modulations (e.g., different constellation mappings) for each SS.

[0161] For example, this specification may propose various technical features related to UEQM technology. Such UEQM technology may be used together with an enhanced / improved MCS set proposed in this specification. Additionally or alternatively, the MCS set proposed in this specification may be used independently of the UEQM technology. That is, the technical operations related to the MCS set of this specification may operate independently of the UEQM technology, and the operations related to the UEQM technology of this specification may operate independently of the MCS set proposed in this specification.

[0162] Below, UEQM technology is described.

[0163] For example, in MIMO / Beamforming transmission, since a signal is transmitted using a beamforming matrix formed based on singular value decomposition (SVD), when transmitting a signal using multiple spatial streams (SS), the MIMO gain or SNR may be concentrated on a limited number of SSs, including the first SS (e.g., the 1st SS). In other words, an imbalance may occur in which the MIMO gain or SNR is concentrated only on at least one SS (or some SSs) including the first SS.

[0164] Below, we explain the imbalance that occurs for a specific SS (e.g., some SS including the first SS) based on channel information formed based on SVD.

[0165]

[0166] The singular values ​​(e.g., singular values) of the diagonal matrix of mathematical expression 1 are arranged in descending order of non-zero values. Therefore, when using multiple spatial streams (SS) in this way, a difference in SNR occurs between the SS (spatial streams).

[0167] Figures 15 and 16 are diagrams illustrating an imbalance occurring for at least one SS. The examples in Figures 15 and 16 relate to the SNR difference between the first SS (1st SS) and the remaining SSs (e.g., 2nd / 3rd / 4th SS) when using two SSs or four SSs at 80 MHz.

[0168] For example, as illustrated in Fig. 15, when Nss (i.e., Number of SS) is 2, the range of the SNR gap between the first SS and the second SS is 7 to 15 dB, and the median value is approximately 10 dB. For example, as illustrated in Fig. 16, when Nss is 4, it can be seen that the second SS has a difference of approximately 5 dB, the third SS has a difference of 11 dB, and the fourth SS has a difference of 18 dB based on the median value.

[0169] When MIMO / beamforming transmission based on multiple SSs is performed as described above, it can be confirmed that an SNR gap occurs between SSs (spatial streams). Since each SS has a different SNR, when transmitting a signal by applying the same MCS during MIMO / beamforming transmission, the signal transmission efficiency may decrease due to the SNR gap. Therefore, it is technically advantageous to consider the SNR gap for each SS during MIMO or beamforming transmission and apply different modulations suitable for the SNR of each SS. In other words, by applying UEQM, it is possible to apply modulations suitable for the individual SNRs of SSs (spatial streams), and based on this, signal transmission efficiency and throughput can be improved.

[0170] For example, UEQM in this specification means applying a first MCS technique to a first SS and applying a second MCS technique to a second SS. For example, the first MCS technique may be the same as or different from the second MCS technique. In other words, MCS techniques applied to different SSs can be individually set. For example, a plurality of MCS techniques related to UEQM (e.g., the first MCS technique and the second MCS technique) can be configured / set based on the same code rate. For example, a plurality of MCS techniques related to UEQM (e.g., the first MCS technique and the second MCS technique) can be based on a constellation mapping technique / technology that is based on the same code rate, but is individually set.

[0171] In other words, when applying different modulations to different SSs (e.g., applying the first MCS technique to the first SS and the second MCS technique to the second SS), the code rate can be fixed to the same value as described above to reduce implementation complexity without requiring an additional encoder. Accordingly, multiple MCS techniques (e.g., the first MCS technique and the second MCS technique) can be based on the same code rate, but can apply modulations (e.g., constellation mapping technique / technique) that are individually set.

[0172] For example, the UEQM described below can be used for SU / MU transmission (or reception), SU-MIMO / MU-MIMO / non-MU-MIMO transmission (or reception), and OFDMA / non-OFDMA transmission (or reception). Additionally or alternatively, the UEQM described below can be applied to RUs of various sizes (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242 / 484 / 996 / n*996-tone RUs). For example, the UEQM described below can be applied to RRUs (regular RUs), DRUs (distributed RUs), and / or MRUs (e.g., small / large size MRUs).

[0173] For example, a new set of MCS parameters (or indices / levels) can be defined with respect to the UEQM of this specification (or independently of the UEQM). For example, a new combination of code rate and modulation (i.e., constellation mapping) that was not previously applied can be defined, as follows.

[0174] For example, with respect to the UEQM of this specification, the MCS parameter set based on code rate 1 / 2 may be at least one of the following MCS parameters.

[0175] 1A parameter: 1 / 2 + 64 QAM

[0176] 2A parameter: 1 / 2 + 256 QAM

[0177] 3A parameter: 1 / 2 + 1024 QAM

[0178] 4A parameter: 1 / 2 + 4096 QAM

[0179] For example, with respect to the UEQM of this specification, a set of MCS parameters based on code rate 2 / 3 may be at least one of the following MCS parameters.

[0180] 1B parameter: 2 / 3 + QPSK

[0181] 2B parameter: 2 / 3 + 16 QAM

[0182] 3B parameter: 2 / 3 + 256 QAM

[0183] 4B parameter: 2 / 3 + 1024 QAM

[0184] Parameter 5B: 2 / 3 + 4096 QAM

[0185] For example, with respect to the UEQM of this specification, the MCS parameter set based on code rate 5 / 6 may be at least one of the following MCS parameters.

[0186] 1C parameter: 5 / 6 + 16 QAM

[0187] The various parameters described above can be used for UEQM. Additionally or alternatively, the various parameters described above can be used independently of UEQM. For example, at least one of the various MCS parameters described above can be allocated / used for a single SS (spatial stream) in relation to SU / OFDMA transmission / reception.

[0188] Among the various MCS parameters described above, it is also possible to utilize only some of the MCS parameters considering throughput gain and spectral efficiency. For example, the following four MCS parameters can be additionally used in the IEEE 802.11bn system (or UHR system). Additionally or alternatively, the following four MCS parameters can also be additionally used in the next-generation WLAN / WIFI system that further improves the IEEE 802.11bn system. The following four MCS parameters can be called by various names such as extended / enhanced / improved / UHR-MCS parameter / index, etc. The number of extended MCS parameters can be four or more.

[0189] Additionally or alternatively, examples of Extended MCS parameters proposed in the present specification may be QPSK-2 / 3, 16QAM-2 / 3, 16QAM-5 / 6, 256QAM-2 / 3. In addition to the 16 MCS parameters (MCS0 to MCS15 in Table 1 below) proposed in conventional wireless LAN standards, four Extended MCS parameters of the present specification are represented in a table as follows. Additionally or alternatively, Modulation related to MCS parameters / indexes / levels in Table 1 below and the present specification may mean constellation mapping, and may mean, for example, BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, and / or 4096QAM. Additionally or alternatively, in Table 1 below and in the present specification, code rate represents the ratio of the actual information bit length k to the encoded codeword length n, and may be expressed as, for example, k / n, and may mean, for example, 1 / 2, 3 / 4, 2 / 3, and / or 5 / 6.

[0190] MCS indexModulationCode rateMCS0BPSK1 / 2MCS1QPSK1 / 2MCS2QPSK3 / 4MCS316QAM1 / 2MCS416QAM3 / 4MCS564QAM2 / 3MCS664QAM3 / 4MCS764QAM5 / 6MCS8256QAM3 / 4MCS9256QAM5 / 6MCS101024QAM 3 / 4MCS111024QAM5 / 6MCS124096QAM3 / 4MCS134096QAM5 / 6MCS14BPSK-DCM+DUP1 / 2MCS15BPSK-DCM1 / 2MCS16QPSK2 / 3MCS1716QAM2 / 3MCS1816QAM5 / 6MCS19256QAM2 / 3

[0191] The four newly proposed MCS parameters compared to the conventional ones are represented as MCS16 to MCS19 in Table 1. However, the order of the various MCS parameters represented in Table 1 may be changed in consideration of various factors such as data rate and / or throughput. In particular, MCS16 to MCS 19 may have new indices.

[0192] Below, UEQM technology / transmission is described in relation to MCS parameters.

[0193] For example, UEQM transmission can be considered when NSS is 1, 2, 3, or 4. Additionally, the number of NSS can be varied in general. UEQM transmission can support different numbers of NSS for DL ​​transmission and UL transmission. For example, UEQM related to DL can support up to 4 NSS, UEQM related to UL can support up to 2 / 3 / 4 NSS. For example, UEQM related to DL can support up to 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 NSS, UEQM related to UL can support up to 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 NSS.

[0194] For example, Table 2 below relates to UEQM supporting up to 4 NSSs. For example, if 2 NSSs are supported, a modulation (e.g., constellation mapping) indicated by M may be applied to the first SS as shown in the table below. In this case, a modulation (e.g., constellation mapping) indicated by M-1 or M-2 may be applied to the second SS.

[0195] For example, if three NSSs are supported, a modulation (e.g., constellation mapping) indicated by M may be applied to the first SS, as shown in the table below. In this case, a modulation (e.g., constellation mapping) indicated by M or M-1 may be applied to the second SS. In this case, a modulation (e.g., constellation mapping) indicated by M-1 or M-2 may be applied to the third SS.

[0196] For example, if up to 4 Nss are supported, the modulation for the 1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th SS can be set / configured based on M, M-1, and M-2 in the manner shown in Table 2 below based on the above-described method.

[0197] Total Nss1st ss2nd ss3rd ss4th ss2ssMM-1 MM-2 3ssMMM-1 MMM-2 MM-1M-2 4ssMMMM-1MMMM-2MMM-1M-2

[0198] Applying individual constellations to different SSs, as described above, can be called UEQM. For example, when UEQM is applied, the constellations (or constellation indices / parameters) applied to different SSs can be identical. However, even when UEQM is applied, it is desirable for the code rates applied to different SSs to be identical.

[0199] With respect to the above UEQM pattern field, the M is a constellation index indicated by a separate MCS field (e.g., a 5-bit field included in a SIG field or a Trigger frame, etc.), and the M-1 may be a constellation that is one order lower than M, and the M-2 may be a constellation that is two orders lower than M. For example, if M is 4096QAM, M-1 may mean 1024QAM, and M-2 may mean 256QAM. For example, if M is 1024QAM, M-1 may mean 256QAM, and M-2 may mean 64QAM. For example, if M is 256QAM, M-1 may mean 64QAM, and M-2 may mean 16QAM. For example, M could mean 16QAM, M-1 could mean QPSK, and M-2 could mean BPSK. For example, if M is QPSK, M-1 could mean BPSK.

[0200] Additionally or alternatively, M in the present specification and / or Table 2 above may be a constellation index / parameter greater than or equal to 16QAM and less than or equal to 1024QAM (or 4096 QAM).

[0201] To efficiently perform UEQM using the new MCS defined above, information may be required to determine the appropriate modulation for each spatial stream depending on the channel conditions during MIMO / beamforming transmission. If the conventional sounding procedure is repeatedly performed, it may be possible to obtain information to determine the appropriate modulation for each spatial stream depending on the channel conditions. However, repeating the conventional sounding procedure can result in reduced transmission efficiency, reduced throughput, and increased latency.

[0202] Accordingly, this specification proposes a technique for flexibly applying UEQM according to channel status when transmitting signals / data / PPDUs / frames using UEQM. For example, to improve efficiency and throughput, a method for transmitting UEQM-related information using a trigger frame and a device utilizing the same can be proposed.

[0203] Technical Features 1.

[0204] When transmitting a PPDU using UEQM (e.g., applying modulation order / level individually to multiple spatial streams of a PPDU data frame), the modulation can be flexibly changed for each spatial stream (SS) depending on the channel status. To this end, an STA (e.g., AP) can solicit / request information for each spatial stream (SS) for UEQM application using a Trigger frame. For example, the information for each spatial stream (SS) for UEQM application can be called by various names such as UEQM feedback information (or field). For example, a Trigger frame for soliciting / requesting UEQM feedback (FB) can be included in a PPDU to which UEQM is applied. Additionally or alternatively, a Trigger frame for soliciting / requesting UEQM feedback (FB) can be transmitted separately after a specific time has elapsed (e.g., after SIFS has elapsed) after the PPDU to which UEQM is applied has been applied.

[0205] Technical Features 2.

[0206] For example, a first STA (e.g., AP) may configure a Trigger frame to solicit / request UEQM feedback (FB) from a second STA (e.g., non-AP STA). For example, the UEQM feedback (FB) may be included in a TB-PPDU solicited by the Trigger frame.

[0207] FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a case where UEQM feedback is requested by a trigger frame according to an example of the present specification.

[0208] As shown in Fig. 17, a PPDU (1710) transmitted with UEQM applied may include a Trigger frame (1720) that solicits / requests UEQM feedback. An STA (e.g., non-AP STA) that receives a PPDU (1710) configured as described above may request UEQM Feedback through the Trigger frame (1720) included in the PPDU (1710) and transmitted. The STA (e.g., non-AP STA) may perform measurement using information included in the trigger frame (1720) and / or the received PPDU (1710). The measured result may be included in the UEQM Feedback information. After SIFS has elapsed since the DL-PPDU (1710) was received, the STA (e.g., non-AP STA) may transmit the corresponding UEQM Feedback using a TB PPDU (1730). Using the UEQM Feedback information included in the TB PPDU (1730) transmitted by the STA, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can obtain SS-specific information for applying UEQM.

[0209] After receiving the above TB PPDU and SIFS has elapsed, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can transmit an MU-BAR (Multi-user Block ACK request) trigger frame (1750) to the receiving STA (e.g., non-AP STA) to confirm an acknowledgment of the transmitted PPDU (1710). The STA (e.g., non-AP STA) that receives the MU-BAR trigger frame (1750) can transmit information on whether it successfully received the PPDU (1710) based on a BA frame (1770).

[0210] Technical Features 3.

[0211] The example of Fig. 17 can be modified in various ways. For example, the example of Fig. 18 is an example in which the technical features of Fig. 17 are modified.

[0212] FIG. 18 illustrates an example of a case where UEQM feedback is requested by a trigger frame according to an example of the present specification.

[0213] In an example of FIG. 18, a first STA (e.g., AP) may transmit a DL PPDU (1810) to a STA by applying UEQM to multiple SSs (spatial streams). After SIFS has elapsed since the DL PPDU transmission, the first STA (e.g., AP) may transmit a trigger frame (1820) to a second STA (e.g., non-AP STA) to solicit / request UEQM feedback in order to receive feedback for UEQM transmission (e.g., UEQM feedback). The trigger frame (1820) may include information for soliciting / requesting UEQM feedback and / or information about UEQM measurement.

[0214] An STA (eg, non-AP STA) that receives a Trigger frame (1820) transmitted by a first STA (eg, AP) to receive UEQM feedback can generate a TB PPDU (1830) including measured UEQM feedback information or information per SS (spatial stream) using the information in the trigger frame (1820). The first STA (eg, AP) that receives the TB PPDU (1830) transmitted by a second STA (eg, non-AP STA) can check the UEQM feedback information through the PPDU (1830). After receiving the PPDU (1830), the first STA (eg, AP) can transmit a BAR trigger frame (1850) to the second STA (eg, non-AP STA) to check with the second STA (eg, non-AP STA) whether the second STA (eg, non-AP STA) has received the already transmitted DL PPDU (1810). For example, the second STA that received the BAR trigger frame (1850) can transmit whether it successfully received the DL PPDU (1810) based on the BA frame (1870).

[0215] For example, in the case where feedback information for UEQM application is transmitted and received using a trigger frame (1720, 1820) as in the example of FIG. 17 and / or FIG. 18, an STA (e.g., non-AP STA) receiving a DL PPDU (1710, 1810) can transmit an acknowledgment using a BA frame (1770, 1870). The trigger frame (1720, 1820) used for UEQM feedback in the example of FIG. 17 and / or FIG. 18 can be configured by considering the following technical features.

[0216] Technical Features 4.

[0217] For example, a trigger frame (1720, 1820) used for UEQM feedback can be defined based on a conventional basic trigger frame. For example, the trigger frame (1720, 1820) can include a common info field, a special user info field consecutive to the common info field, and a user info field consecutive to the special user info field. For example, the special user info does not include user specific information, but may include extended common information not provided in the common info field. For example, the special user info field can include information about an AID (association ID) in bits B0 to B11, and can include a PHY identifier field in bits B12 to B14. The value of the PHY identifier field can have a value of 1 or 2 or more.

[0218] Technical Features 5.

[0219] For example, the following technical features may be considered to indicate that the trigger frame (1720, 1820) is for soliciting / requesting UEQM feedback.

[0220] For example, information about whether the trigger frame (1720, 1820) is for soliciting / requesting UEQM feedback may be included in a common info field of the trigger frame (1720, 1820). Information about whether the trigger frame (1720, 1820) is for soliciting / requesting UEQM feedback may be defined as a UEQM FB field or a UEQM FB indication field. For example, the UEQM FB field or the UEQM FB indication field may have a length of 1 bit. For example, the corresponding field may be located in at least one of the B22 bit, the B26 bit, the B53 bit, and the B63 bit of the common info field of the trigger frame (1720, 1820).

[0221] Additionally or alternatively, information regarding whether the trigger frame (1720, 1820) is for soliciting / requesting UEQM feedback may be included in a trigger dependent common info field. The trigger dependent common info field may mean at least one field consecutive to bit B63 of the common info field of the trigger frame (1720, 1820). For example, the trigger dependent common info field may include at least one of the following: i) UEQM FB (indication) field / information / bit / subfield, and ii) FB type field / information / bit / subfield.

[0222] Information 1 - UEQM FB (indication)

[0223] The above first information or UEQM FB (indication) field / information / bit / subfield may indicate whether the trigger frame (1720, 1820) solicits / requests UEQM feedback. The first information may have a length of 1 bit, and when the first information has a preset first value (e.g., 1), it may be indicated that the trigger frame (1720, 1820) solicits UEQM feedback.

[0224] Second Information - FB type

[0225] For example, the second information or FB type field / information / bit / subfield may include information about the solicited / requested UEQM FB type. The second information may be composed of a combination of information of MCS, modulation order / level, SNR / CSI, and difference of MCS (or Modulation order / level, SNR, CSI) from 1st SS. The difference may be called by various names such as gap or offset. In other words, the second information (e.g., FB type) included in the Trigger frame (1720, 1820) may request, for at least one spatial stream (e.g., 2, 3, 4 SS), i) feedback related to MCS (e.g., requesting feedback on code rate together with modulation level / order), ii) feedback related to modulation level / order (e.g., requesting only feedback related to modulation level / order excluding feedback on code rate), iii) feedback related to SNR and / or CSI, or iv) feedback related to difference (or gap, offset) of MCS, modulation level / order, SNR, and / or CSI.

[0226] For example, the second information may have a length of 2 bits. For example, the second information may be configured as shown in Table 3 below.

[0227] Value of FB typecontents0SNR / CSI1Modulation per SS2difference of Modulation order / level from 1 st SS3Reserved

[0228] For example, the contents of Table 3 may be modified. For example, Feedback (FB) based on MCS may be requested based on the second information.

[0229] Technical Features 6.

[0230] Additionally or alternatively, whether the trigger frame (1720, 1820) solicits UEQM feedback may be included in the user info field of the trigger frame (1720, 1820). Specifically, the first information or the UEQM FB (indication) field / information / bit / subfield may be included in the special user info field of the trigger frame (1720, 1820) or in the user info field subsequent to the special user info field.

[0231] For example, the first information (or UEQM FB field / information / bit / subfield) may be present when the value of the PHY version identifier located in bits B12 to B14 of the special user info field is 1 or greater.

[0232] For example, the first information (or UEQM FB field / information / bit / subfield) may be located in at least one of bits B27 to B39 of the special user info field.

[0233] For example, the first information (or UEQM FB field / information / bit / subfield) may be included in a user info field that is continuous to the special user info field, rather than a special user info field. In other words, the first information (or UEQM FB field / information / bit / subfield) may be included in a HE / EHT / UHR variant user info field. For example, the first information may be included in a field that includes user specific information and is transmitted to each individual STA. For example, the first information may be included in a Trigger dependent user info field of a user info field. The Trigger dependent user info field may be a field that is continuous to bit B39 of a user info field (e.g., HE / EHT / UHR variant user info field).

[0234] For example, the second information (or FB type) may be included in the Trigger dependent user info field.

[0235] Technical Features 7.

[0236] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger frame (1720, 1820) may be newly defined as a new type of frame (e.g., UEQM feedback report trigger frame or UEQM report poll trigger frame) rather than a Basic Trigger frame. For example, in order to indicate the new type, a 4-bit long Trigger Type field / subfield located at bits B0 to B3 of the common info field of the trigger frame (1720, 1820) may have a value of at least one of 9 to 15. For example, the UEQM report poll trigger frame may be defined based on an EHT variant Trigger frame. For example, the UEQM report poll trigger frame may be configured to include a special user info field. In this case, a 3-bit long PHY version identifier field located at bits B12 to B14 in the special user info field may have a value of 1 or more.

[0237] For example, an STA (e.g., non-AP STA) that receives the UEQM report poll trigger frame can identify the frame through a newly defined trigger type subfield. In this case, the STA (e.g., non-AP STA) can use the information transmitted through the trigger frame (1720, 1820) to configure a TB PPDU with UEQM FB information.

[0238] The above UEQM report poll trigger frame may include the second information (or FB type). For example, the second information (or FB type) may be included in a special user info field (or user info field) of the UEQM report poll trigger frame or in a Trigger Dependent User Info field.

[0239] The configuration of the above second information may be identical to the above-described technical feature 5 and / or an example of Table 3. Accordingly, duplicate descriptions are omitted.

[0240] Technical Features 8.

[0241] For example, a second STA (e.g., non-AP STA) that receives the Trigger frame (1720, 1820) presented in the above example can transmit information about the measured UEQM to the first STA (e.g., AP) using the previously received PPDU (1710, 1810). For example, the information about the measured UEQM can be transmitted to the first STA (e.g., AP) through a TB PPDU (1730, 1830) based on the RU allocated through the Trigger frame (1720, 1820).

[0242] Hereinafter, UEQM feedback information transmitted to the first STA (e.g., AP) through TB ​​PPDU (1730, 1830) will be described. The UEQM feedback information may be called by various names such as UEQM feedback signal / field / bit / subfield, and may be called by various names such as FB (feedback) information or FB (feedback) signal / field / bit / subfield. The UEQM feedback information described below may be configured based on the second information (e.g., FB type) included in the Trigger frame (1720, 1820). Additionally or alternatively, the format of the UEQM feedback information may be determined based on the second information (e.g., FB type), or may be determined as one format regardless of the second information (e.g., FB type).

[0243] For example, the UEQM feedback information may include a feedback subfield. The feedback subfield may be called by various names, such as information per spatial stream. The feedback subfield (e.g., information per spatial stream) may be configured based on the second information (e.g., FB type) included in the trigger frame (1720, 1820).

[0244] As described in Technical Feature 5 or Table 3 described above, the second information (e.g., FB type) included in the Trigger frame (1720, 1820) may request, for at least one spatial stream (e.g., 2, 3, 4 SS), i) feedback related to MCS (e.g., requesting feedback on code rate together with modulation level / order), ii) feedback related to modulation level / order (e.g., requesting only feedback related to modulation level / order excluding feedback on code rate), iii) feedback related to SNR and / or CSI, or iv) feedback related to difference (or gap, offset) of MCS, modulation level / order, SNR, and / or CSI.

[0245] For example, when the second information (e.g., FB type) included in the Trigger frame (1720, 1820) requests feedback related to MCS, the feedback subfield (e.g., information per Spatial stream) may include appropriate MCS information per SS. For example, the MCS information may be configured by considering Max NSS (up to 4 SS). For example, the MCS information may be configured as a bit table as shown in the table below. As shown in the table below, individual MCS (indication) information may be included for each SS. The MCS (indication) information for each SS may have a length of, for example, 4 or 5 bits. In the example below, 4 NSSs are described, but information for unused NSSs may be reserved.

[0246] 1 stSS information (MCS)(4 / 5-bit length)2 nd SS information (MCS)(4 / 5-bit length)3 rd SS information (MCS)(4 / 5-bit length)4 th SS information (MCS)(4 / 5-bit length)

[0247] Additionally or alternatively, if the second information (e.g., FB type) included in the Trigger frame (1720, 1820) requests feedback related to modulation level / order, the feedback subfield (e.g., information per spatial stream) may include appropriate modulation level / order information for each SS. For example, the information related to modulation level / order may be information related to QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, and / or 4096QAM. In this case, 4096 QAM may be supported or omitted. As in the example below, the information related to the modulation level / order for one SS may have a length of 3 bits. For example, an example of the modulation level / order for one SS may be as in the table below, and the information below may be individually configured for multiple SSs. For example, information for an unused SS may be reserved depending on the value of Nss. For example, information related to modulation level / order and information related to MCS can be configured together. For example, UEQM feedback information for the first SS can be configured with MCS information (e.g., information including information about code rate), and UEQM feedback information for the remaining SSs can be configured with information related to modulation level / order (e.g., information such as Table 5, excluding information about code rate).

[0248] bits (Value )Contentsbits (Value )Contents000 (0)QPSK100 (4)1024001 (1)16 QAM101 (5)4096 QAM / Reserved010 (2)64 QAM110 (6)Reserved011 (3)256 QAM111 (7)Reserved

[0249] Additionally or alternatively, when the second information (e.g., FB type) included in the Trigger frame (1720, 1820) requests feedback related to SNR or CSI, the feedback subfield (e.g., information per Spatial stream) may be configured with suitable SNR or CSI information per SS. For example, the SNR or CSI information per SS may be configured with an average or mean value of the SS. For example, the SNR or CSI information per SS may have a length of 6 or 8 bits. Additionally or alternatively, when the second information (e.g., FB type) included in the Trigger frame (1720, 1820) requests feedback related to difference of MCS, modulation order / level, SNR, CSI, the feedback subfield (e.g., information per Spatial stream) may include information related to difference from the first SS (e.g., difference from MCS, modulation order / level, SNR, CSI for the first SS). For example, the above difference can be changed to various names such as gap, offset, etc.

[0250] For example, information related to difference can be organized in units of 1dB / 2dB / 3dB, 1 / 2 difference, 1 / 2 level, and 1 / 2 order. For example, the feedback subfield (e.g., information per Spatial stream) may be configured in the first SS (e.g., 1 st SS) and difference information therefor. For example, when UEQM feedback related to two SSs is configured, the feedback subfield may include information about the first SS (e.g., MCS, modulation order / level, SNR, CSI) and the difference / gap between the information about the first SS and the information about the second SS. In other words, when UEQM feedback is configured, the first SS (e.g., 1 st Information about SS (e.g., MCS, modulation, SNR / CSI) can be configured as separate fields. For example, UEQM feedback can be configured with information about the 1st SS and bit map information indicating the difference between the 1st SS and other SSs.

[0251] MCS difference per SSMCS of 1 st SS(4 / 5-bit length)2 nd SS(2 / 3-bit length)3 rd SS(2 / 3-bit length)4 th SS(2 / 3-bit length)

[0252] Technical Features 9.

[0253] The examples of FIGS. 17 and 18 can be modified in various ways. Below, a case in which an example of the present specification is modified based on FIG. 19 is described.

[0254] FIG. 19 relates to a method for transmitting and receiving feedback related to UEQM according to an example of the present specification. As illustrated in FIG. 19, a request / solicit for UEQM Feedback (FB) can be transmitted using a BAR (BA Request) frame or a MU-BAR (Multi-user BA request) trigger frame.

[0255] As illustrated in FIG. 19, a first STA (e.g., AP) may transmit a DL PPDU (1910). For example, UEQM may be applied to the DL-PPDU (1910). For example, to apply Link Adaption for the already applied UEQM, the first STA may transmit a BAR frame or MU-BAR trigger frame (1920). The BAR / MU-BAR trigger frame (1920) may include a UEQM feedback request for requesting UEQM feedback.

[0256] Third Information - UEQM Feedback Request

[0257] For example, information indicating a UEQM feedback request or the third information may be called by various names such as UEQM FB (indication) field / information / bit / subfield, or UEQM FB request (indication) field / information / bit / subfield. The third information may be indicated using a bit in the BAR control field or defined using the value of the BAR Type subfield. For example, the third information may have a length of 1 bit.

[0258] Figure 20 illustrates an example of a BAR frame. A BAR frame such as Figure 20 may include a BAR control field of 2 octets in length.

[0259] Fig. 21 illustrates an example of a BAR control field. As shown in Fig. 21, the BAR control field can include information regarding the BAR type in bits B1 to B4. For example, bits B1 to B4 can indicate various variants of the BAR frame, such as Extended Compressed, Compressed, Multi-TID, etc. In addition, as shown in Fig. 21, the BAR control can include information regarding a TID (traffic ID) related to a BA in bits B12 to B15.

[0260] For example, the third information may be included in the BAR control field illustrated in FIG. 20 or FIG. 21. For example, when the third information is included in the BAR control field of FIG. 21, it may be located in at least one of the B0 bit, the B5 bit, and the B11 bit of FIG. 21. For example, when the third information has a first value (e.g., 1), it may indicate that the BAR frame is used for a UEQM feedback request. For example, when the third information has a second value (e.g., 0), it may indicate that the BAR frame is not used for a UEQM feedback request or that UEQM is not used.

[0261] Additionally or alternatively, the third information may be included in the BAR type subfield located at bits B1 to B4 of FIG. 21. For example, the value of the BAR type subfield may be set to one of 0, 4 to 5, 7 to 9, and 11 to 15. For example, the value of the BAR type subfield for a UEQM feedback request may be defined as 4. In this case, the BAR information included in the frame (e.g., the BAR information illustrated in FIG. 20) may be configured to include information on the UEQM feedback type (e.g., the second information described in Technical Feature 5 - FB type or information in Table 3).

[0262] As illustrated in FIG. 19, a second STA (eg, non-AP STA) that receives a BAR / MU-BAR trigger frame (1920) for UEQM feedback from a first STA (eg, AP) can perform measurement using the PPDU (1910) received using UEQM. For example, the second STA (eg, non-AP STA) can configure UEQM feedback information based on the measurement, and transmit the UEQM feedback to the first STA (eg, AP) using a BA frame (1970).

[0263] Technical Features 10.

[0264] For example, when performing the procedure of FIG. 19 or transmitting UEQM feedback to the first STA (e.g., AP), indication information that may indicate that UEQM feedback is included in the BA Frame (1970) may be included.

[0265] Information 4 - UEQM feedback in BA frame

[0266] Information regarding whether UEQM feedback is included in the BA Frame (1970) may be referred to by various names, such as fourth information, UEQM feedback field / information / bit / subfield, UEQM feedback presence field / information / bit / subfield, etc.

[0267] For example, the fourth information may have a length of 1 bit.

[0268] Figure 22 illustrates a BA frame related to an example of the present specification. As illustrated, the BA frame may include a BA control field of 2 octets in length.

[0269] Fig. 23 illustrates an example of a BA control field included in a BA frame. For example, the fourth information may be included in at least one bit among B0, B5, and B8 in the control field of Fig. 23. Additionally or alternatively, the fourth information may be defined as a UEQM FB presence field. For example, the UEQM FB presence field may include information regarding whether a UEQM FB information field is included in the BA frame.

[0270] Additionally or alternatively, information regarding whether UEQM FB is transmitted (or fourth information) may be indicated through the BAR type field of FIG. 23. For example, when UEQM FB is transmitted (or when UEQM feedback is included in the BA frame), the value of the BAR type field defined in bits B1 to B4 as shown in FIG. 23 may have one of values ​​0, 3 to 5, and 12 to 15. More specifically, the value of the BAR type field may be 4. This has the advantage of being able to consistently perform a UEQM FB information transmission request and the corresponding FB information transmission indication.

[0271] Technical Features 11.

[0272] Based on the fourth information (or UEQM feedback field, UE Feedback presence field) defined as above, it can be indicated that the BA frame (1970) includes UEQM feedback (FB) information. In this case, the UEQM FB information can be included in the BA information, or the UEQM FB information can be positioned after the BA information.

[0273] Figure 24 illustrates an example of a BA format included in a BA frame. The example in Figure 24 illustrates an example in which UEQM Feedback information is continuous with conventional BA information.

[0274] The UEQM Feedback information included in the BA frame may include at least one of the following first feedback information to third feedback information.

[0275] Feedback Information 1 - STA ID

[0276] For example, the first feedback information may include identification information for an STA (e.g., non-AP STA) transmitting UEQM Feedback information.

[0277] Second Feedback Information -Nss

[0278] For example, the second feedback information may include information on the number of spatial streams considered in the FB information generated by the STA (e.g., non-AP) transmitting the UEQM Feedback information. For example, the number of spatial streams may be considered up to 4. Accordingly, the second feedback information may have a length of 2 bits.

[0279] Third Feedback Information - UEQM Information

[0280] For example, the third feedback information may be information for each Spatial stream measured by the STA (e.g., non-AP). For example, the third feedback information may include information on a recommended (or measured) MCS or modulation level / order or SNR or CSI for each SS measured through the received PPDU (1910). Additionally or alternatively, the third feedback information may include information on an MCS (or modulation level / order, SNR, CSI) for the first SS, and information on a difference / gap between the MCS (or modulation level / order, SNR, CSI) for the remaining SSs and the MCS (or modulation level / order, SNR, CSI) for the first SS.

[0281] For example, the third feedback information may be determined based on information about the UEQM feedback type within the BAR / MU-BAR trigger frame (1920) (e.g., the second information described in Technical Feature 5 - FB type and / or information in Table 3). In other words, the third feedback information may include information requested by the second information.

[0282] For example, the third feedback information may be configured based on an example of technical feature 8 described above. In other words, the third feedback information may be identical to the UEQM feedback information of technical feature 8 described above. In other words, the third feedback information may include an example of Tables 4 to 6.

[0283] Figure 25 is an example of a procedure flowchart related to the present specification. The procedure illustrated in Figure 25 may be performed by an Access Point (AP), a non-AP STA, an AP Multi-link Device (AP MLD), or a non-AP MLD.

[0284] As illustrated, an STA (e.g., AP) may transmit (S2510) a trigger frame containing information for requesting feedback related to UEQM. For example, the trigger frame may be the trigger frame (1720) illustrated in FIG. 17 or the trigger frame (1820) illustrated in FIG. 18.

[0285] For example, the trigger frame of step S2510 may be configured based on at least one of the various features described in technical features 1 to 7 described above. Specifically, the trigger frame may include a common info field and a user info field. The user info field may be a special user info field or a HE / EHT / UHR variant user info field.

[0286] For example, the trigger frame of step S2510 may include first bit information identifying that the trigger frame is intended to request feedback related to the UEQM. For example, the first bit information may correspond to the first information (or UEQM FB (indication)) described in technical feature 5 described above.

[0287] For example, the first bit information may be included in the common info field or the user info field. For example, the first bit information may be included in any one of bits B27 to B39 of the special user information field. For example, the first bit information may be included in a trigger dependent user info field that is consecutive to bit B39 of the UHR variant user information field.

[0288] For example, the trigger frame may include information for requesting feedback related to UEQM. For example, the information for requesting feedback related to UEQM may correspond to the second information (FB Type) described in Technical Feature 5 described above. Specifically, the information for requesting feedback related to UEQM may be included in the common information field of the trigger frame. For example, the information for requesting feedback related to UEQM may be configured as in an example of Table 3.

[0289] As illustrated, the STA may receive a TB (trigger-based) PPDU (physical layer protocol data unit) in response to the trigger frame (S2520). For example, the TB PPDU may be the TB PPDU (1730) illustrated in FIG. 17 or the TB PPDU (1830) illustrated in FIG. 18.

[0290] The TB PPDU may include feedback information related to the UEQM. For example, the feedback information included in the TB PPDU may be configured based on Technical Feature 8 (e.g., Tables 4 to 6). For example, the feedback information related to the UEQM may include MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information for each of a plurality of spatial streams. For example, the feedback information related to the UEQM may include MCS information for a first spatial stream and information about a modulation level for the remaining spatial streams. For example, the feedback information related to the UEQM may include MCS information for the first spatial stream and MCS information for the second spatial stream, wherein the MCS information for the second spatial stream may be configured as information about a difference between an MCS for the first spatial stream and an MCS for the second spatial stream.

[0291] As illustrated, the STA may transmit an MU-BAR trigger frame (S2530). For example, step S2530 may correspond to the step of transmitting the MU-BAR Trigger Frame (1750) of FIG. 17 or the step of transmitting the MU-BAR Trigger Frame (1850) of FIG. 18.

[0292] For example, the MU-BAR trigger frame may be a frame for requesting BA for an already transmitted DL-PPDU. The already transmitted DL-PPDU may be a PPDU (1710) including the trigger frame of step S2510, or a PPDU (1810) transmitted before the trigger frame of step S2510 is transmitted.

[0293] As illustrated, the STA may receive a BA frame in response to an MU-BAR trigger frame (S2550). A duration corresponding to a Short IFS may be defined between each illustrated step.

[0294] Figure 26 is an example of a procedure flowchart related to the present specification. The procedure illustrated in Figure 26 may be performed by a non-AP STA, a non-AP MLD, an AP (Access Point), or an AP MLD (AP Multi-link Device).

[0295] As illustrated, an STA (e.g., a non-AP STA) may receive (S2610) a trigger frame containing information for requesting feedback related to UEQM. For example, the characteristics applied in step S2610 may be identical to the characteristics applied in step S2510.

[0296] For example, an STA (e.g., a non-AP STA) may transmit a TB PPDU in response to a trigger frame (S2620). For example, the characteristics applied to step S2620 may be identical to the characteristics applied to step S2520.

[0297] For example, an STA (e.g., a non-AP STA) may receive an MU-BAR trigger frame (S2630). For example, the characteristics applied to step S2630 may be identical to the characteristics applied to step S2530.

[0298] For example, an STA (e.g., a non-AP STA) may transmit a BA frame (S2640) in response to an MU-BAR trigger frame. For example, the characteristics applied to step S2640 may be identical to the characteristics applied to step S2540.

[0299] The technical features of the present disclosure may be implemented by various devices. The devices of the present disclosure may be the devices described in FIG. 1 / FIG. 14. The devices of the present disclosure may include at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connectable to the at least one processor, the computer memory storing instructions for performing operations based on execution by the at least one processor.

[0300] For example, the processor may be a processor described in FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 14. That is, as described above, the processor of the present specification may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem (modulator and demodulator). The processor may include not only computers having various architectures such as single / multiprocessor architecture, sequential (Von Neumann) / parallel architecture, but also specialized circuits such as FPGAs, ASICs, signal processing devices, and other devices. For example, the processor of the present specification may be a SNAPDRAGON® series processor manufactured by Qualcomm®, an EXYNOS® series processor manufactured by Samsung®, an A series processor manufactured by Apple®, a HELIO® series processor manufactured by MediaTek®, an ATOM® series processor manufactured by INTEL®, or a processor that enhances the same.

[0301] For example, the instructions may refer to computer program instructions executed by the at least one processor. The (computer program) instructions provide logic and / or routines that enable the technical features of the present specification to be performed by the processor. The at least one processor can load and execute a computer program by reading the at least one memory.

[0302] The computer program(s) defined by the above instructions may be delivered to the device (e.g., STA) of the present specification via an appropriate delivery mechanism. The delivery mechanism may be, for example, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a memory device, a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or DVD, or a product tangibly embodying the computer program. The delivery mechanism may be a signal configured to reliably transmit the computer program via a wireless or electrical connection.

[0303] The above (computer program) instructions may include software or firmware for a programmable processor (e.g., programmable content of a hardware device whether instructions for a processor, or configuration settings for a fixed-function device, gate array or programmable logic device, etc.).

[0304] For example, the memory may be the memory described in FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 14. That is, as described above, the memory of the present specification may store control information related to the operation of the STA of the present specification or information about signals transmitted and received by the STA (e.g., PPDU including management / control / data frames).

[0305] The technical features of this specification may be implemented in at least one computer-readable recording medium (CRM). The CRM includes instructions that are executed by at least one processor as described above. The instructions stored in the CRM may be computer program instructions as described above.

[0306] The device of the present disclosure may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be operably connectable to the memory / processor, etc. The transceiver may be the transceiver illustrated in FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 14.

[0307] The technical features of this specification described above are applicable to various applications and business models. For example, the technical features described above can be applied to wireless communication in devices that support artificial intelligence (AI).

[0308] Artificial intelligence (AI) is the study of artificial intelligence or the methodologies for creating it, while machine learning (ML) defines various problems in the field of AI and studies the methodologies for solving them. Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves performance on a task through consistent experience.

[0309] An artificial neural network (ANN) is a model used in machine learning. It can refer to a model with problem-solving capabilities, consisting of artificial neurons (nodes) formed by the connection of synapses to form a network. An ANN can be defined by the connection patterns between neurons in different layers, the learning process that updates model parameters, and the activation function that generates output values.

[0310] An artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer contains one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include synapses connecting neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron can output a function value of an activation function based on input signals, weights, and biases received through the synapses.

[0311] Model parameters are parameters determined through learning, including synaptic connection weights and neuron biases. Hyperparameters are parameters that must be set before learning in machine learning algorithms, including the learning rate, number of iterations, mini-batch size, and initialization function.

[0312] The goal of artificial neural network training can be seen as determining model parameters that minimize a loss function. The loss function can be used as an indicator for determining optimal model parameters during the artificial neural network training process.

[0313] Machine learning can be classified into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning depending on the learning method.

[0314] Supervised learning refers to a method for training an artificial neural network when given labels for the training data. The labels can refer to the correct answer (or output value) that the artificial neural network must infer when the training data is input to the artificial neural network. Unsupervised learning can refer to a method for training an artificial neural network when the training data is not given labels. Reinforcement learning can refer to a learning method in which an agent defined within a given environment is trained to select actions or action sequences that maximize the cumulative reward in each state.

[0315] Machine learning implemented with a deep neural network (DNN) containing multiple hidden layers among artificial neural networks is also called deep learning, and deep learning is a subset of machine learning. Hereinafter, the term "machine learning" is used to encompass deep learning.

[0316] Additionally, the above-described technical features can be applied to wireless communication of robots.

[0317] A robot can be defined as a machine that automatically performs or operates a given task based on its own capabilities. Specifically, a robot capable of perceiving its environment, making independent judgments, and performing actions can be called an intelligent robot.

[0318] Robots can be categorized into industrial, medical, household, and military applications based on their intended use or field. Robots are equipped with actuators or motors, enabling them to perform various physical actions, such as moving robot joints. Furthermore, mobile robots incorporate wheels, brakes, and propellers into their actuators, enabling them to move on the ground or fly in the air.

[0319] Additionally, the above-described technical features can be applied to devices that support extended reality.

[0320] Extended reality is a general term for virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). VR technology presents real-world objects and backgrounds as CG images only, AR technology presents virtual CG images over images of real objects, and MR technology is a computer graphics technology that blends and combines virtual objects with the real world.

[0321] MR technology is similar to AR in that it presents both real and virtual objects simultaneously. However, while AR uses virtual objects to complement real objects, MR uses virtual and real objects on an equal footing.

[0322] XR technology can be applied to HMD (Head-Mount Display), HUD (Head-Up Display), mobile phones, tablet PCs, laptops, desktops, TVs, digital signage, etc., and devices to which XR technology is applied can be called XR devices.

Claims

1. Transmit a trigger frame containing information for requesting feedback related to UEQM (Unequal modulation). The above trigger frame includes a common info field and a user info field, The user information field includes first bit information identifying that the trigger frame requests feedback related to the UEQM, The above trigger frame includes information for requesting feedback related to UEQM; and In response to the above trigger frame, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU (physical layer protocol data unit) is received, The above TB PPDU is a step including feedback information related to the UEQM. Including method.

2. In paragraph 1, The first bit information has a length of 1 bit, and the first bit information has a first value to identify that the trigger frame requests feedback related to the UEQM, The above user information field is a special user information field, and the first bit information is included in any one of bits B27 to B39 of the special user information field. method.

3. In paragraph 1, The first bit information has a length of 1 bit, and the first bit information has a first value to identify that the trigger frame requests feedback related to the UEQM, The above user information field is a UHR (ultra high reliability) variant user information field, The above first bit information is included in the trigger dependent user info field consecutive to bit B39 of the UHR variant user info field. method.

4. In paragraph 1, The above common info field contains information related to the type of feedback information related to the UEQM. method.

5. In paragraph 4, Information related to the type of feedback information related to the above UEQM consists of 2-bit information, The above 2-bit information includes information about at least one of feedback related to SNR (signal to noise ratio) / CSI (channel state information), feedback related to modulation level, and feedback related to difference from the modulation level of the first spatial stream. method.

6. In paragraph 1, The feedback information related to the above UEQM includes MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information for each of the plurality of spatial streams. method.

7. In paragraph 1, The feedback information related to the above UEQM includes MCS information for the first spatial stream and information about the modulation level for the remaining spatial streams. method.

8. In paragraph 1, The feedback information related to the UEQM includes MCS information for the first spatial stream and MCS information for the second spatial stream, wherein the MCS information for the second spatial stream is composed of information about a difference between the MCS for the first spatial stream and the MCS for the second spatial stream. method.

9. In paragraph 1, The above trigger frame is included in the downlink PPDU (physical protocol data unit), A BA request frame for requesting a BA (block Ack) for the above downlink PPDU is transmitted after the above TB PPDU is received. method.

10. In paragraph 1, The above trigger frame is transmitted by the AP (Access Point), and the TB PPDU is received from a non-AP STA (station). method.

11. At least one processor; and At least one computer memory operable to said at least one processor, said memory storing instructions for performing operations based on being executed by said at least one processor, The instructions of at least one computer memory are: Transmit a trigger frame containing information for requesting feedback related to UEQM (Unequal modulation), The above trigger frame includes a common info field and a user info field, The user information field includes first bit information identifying that the trigger frame requests feedback related to the UEQM, The above trigger frame includes information for requesting feedback related to UEQM; and In response to the above trigger frame, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU (physical layer protocol data unit) is received, The above TB PPDU is a step including feedback information related to the UEQM. Including STA (station) performing the action.

12. In the 11th paragraph, the command of at least one computer memory performs an operation related to any one of the 1st to 10th paragraphs. STA.

13. Receive a trigger frame containing information for requesting feedback related to UEQM (Unequal modulation). The above trigger frame includes a common info field and a user info field, The user information field includes first bit information identifying that the trigger frame requests feedback related to the UEQM, The above trigger frame includes information for requesting feedback related to UEQM; and In response to the above trigger frame, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU (physical layer protocol data unit) is transmitted, The above TB PPDU is a step including feedback information related to the UEQM. Including method.

14. At least one processor; and At least one computer memory operable to said at least one processor, said memory storing instructions for performing operations based on being executed by said at least one processor, The instructions of at least one computer memory are: Receive a trigger frame containing information for requesting feedback related to UEQM (Unequal modulation), The above trigger frame includes a common info field and a user info field, The user information field includes first bit information identifying that the trigger frame requests feedback related to the UEQM, The above trigger frame includes information for requesting feedback related to UEQM; and In response to the above trigger frame, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU (physical layer protocol data unit) is transmitted, The above TB PPDU is a step including feedback information related to the UEQM. Including STA (station) performing the action.

15. In the 14th paragraph, the command of at least one computer memory performs an operation related to any one of the 1st to 10th paragraphs. STA.

16. In a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, at least one computer-readable recording medium including instructions based on being executed by at least one processor, Transmit a trigger frame containing information for requesting feedback related to UEQM (Unequal modulation), The above trigger frame includes a common info field and a user info field, The user information field includes first bit information identifying that the trigger frame requests feedback related to the UEQM, The above trigger frame includes information for requesting feedback related to UEQM; and In response to the above trigger frame, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU (physical layer protocol data unit) is received, The above TB PPDU is a step including feedback information related to the UEQM. Performing an operation that includes Recording medium.

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