Method for repairing overhanging brick eave of fair-faced brick wall of external facade of historical building

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building, the method comprising the following steps: S1, removing the original deteriorated brick eave, creating a containing groove in the fair-faced brick wall at a joint of the fair-faced brick wall with the original deteriorated brick eave, cleaning up debris in the containing groove, the debris comprising broken bricks and dry mortar powder, and cleaning a brick surface in the containing groove; S2, implanting vertical steel bars at intervals in the containing groove in an arrangement direction of the containing groove, the upper end and the lower end of each vertical steel bar being fixedly connected to an upper wall and a lower wall of the containing groove, respectively; S3, filling bricks into the containing groove from bottom to top in such a way that a newly formed brick eave has the same original appearance and shape as the deteriorated brick eave, the bricks being bonded by mixed mortar, and the bricks and an inner wall of the containing groove also being bonded by the mixed mortar; and S4, cleaning up residues on a surface of the newly formed brick eave. By means of the present invention, the connection strength between the repaired brick eave and the fair-faced brick wall can be effectively improved, thus improving the system safety and prolonging the service life.

Description

A repairing method of overhanging brick eaves of a historical building outer facade fair-faced brick wall TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of historical building repairing, in particular to a repairing method of overhanging brick eaves of a historical building outer facade fair-faced brick wall. BACKGROUND

[0002] Yangshupu industrial zone located in Shanghai Yangpu Binjiang is an important industrial base in modern China, known as "China's modern industrial civilization corridor", and once called by UNESCO as "the world's only industrial rust belt", the industrial heritage building group in this place has an important position in the history of modern Chinese industrial development, but due to long-term disrepair, weathering, and rain erosion, the outer facade fair-faced brick wall is damaged in many places, especially the overhanging brick eaves structure of the fair-faced brick wall is severely damaged, causing the original style of the historical building to be destroyed and urgently needing to be repaired.

[0003] However, in the prior art, the repairing method for the deteriorated historical building outer wall brick eaves often adopts the way of digging and laying, that is, the original deteriorated brick eaves are removed, and then the mixed mortar is used to re-lay and repair, which can repair the original style, but still has the following problems:

[0004] (1) After the original deteriorated brick eaves are removed, a strip-shaped transverse wall hole is formed, and there is no vertical dog-tooth groove on the inner side of the hole. The new brick eaves and the inner side of the vertical wall hole are only bonded by mixed mortar on the new and old brick surfaces, and the strength cannot be guaranteed.

[0005] (2) The brick eaves are overhanging structure, and the surface is easily subjected to typhoon, rainwater, harmful gas, water salt and biological invasion, and only relies on mixed mortar laying and bonding, which is easy to fall off after a long time, causing serious safety hazards.

[0006] SUMMARY

[0007] Based on the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a repairing method of overhanging brick eaves of a historical building outer facade fair-faced brick wall, which can effectively improve the connection strength of the repaired brick eaves and the fair-faced brick wall, not only improve the system safety, but also greatly increase the service life of the repaired brick eaves.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A repairing method of overhanging brick eaves of a historical building outer facade fair-faced brick wall, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Remove the original deteriorated brick eaves, and dig a containing groove into the fair-faced brick wall at the connection between the fair-faced brick wall and the original deteriorated brick eaves, and clean the sundries in the containing groove, including broken bricks, dry mortar powder, and clean the brick surface in the containing groove;

[0011] S2. Spacing implanting vertical steel bars in the accommodating groove along the arranging direction of the accommodating groove, and the upper and lower ends of the vertical steel bars are fixedly connected with the upper and lower walls of the accommodating groove, respectively;

[0012] S3. Filling the bricks into the accommodating groove from bottom to top, and making the newly formed brick eaves have the same shape as the original shape of the deteriorated brick eaves, and the bricks are bonded through the mixed mortar between the bricks and between the bricks and the inner wall of the accommodating groove;

[0013] S4. Cleaning the surface residues of the newly formed brick eaves.

[0014] Further, the spacing distance of the vertical steel bars is not more than 500 mm.

[0015] Further, the thickness of the vertical steel bars implanted in the upper and lower wall surfaces of the accommodating groove is not less than the thickness of two wall bricks.

[0016] Further, vertical steel bars are arranged at the left and right ends of the accommodating groove, the leftmost vertical steel bar penetrates the leftmost first brick of each brick layer, and the rightmost vertical steel bar penetrates the rightmost first brick of each brick layer.

[0017] Further, in the step S3, the method of filling the bricks into the accommodating groove from bottom to top includes the following steps:

[0018] S31. Selecting the bricks according to the original shape of the deteriorated brick eaves and setting the arrangement mode of the bricks;

[0019] S32. Pushing the lowermost layer of bricks into the accommodating groove according to the set arrangement mode, bonding the lowermost layer of bricks with the inner lower wall and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove through the mixed mortar, and then filling the mixed mortar between the vertical steel bars and the lowermost layer of bricks to tightly fix the vertical steel bars and the lowermost layer of bricks;

[0020] S33. Pushing the next layer of bricks into the accommodating groove according to the set arrangement mode, bonding the layer of bricks with the upper surface of the adjacent lower layer of bricks and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove through the mixed mortar, and then filling the mixed mortar between the vertical steel bars and the layer of bricks to tightly fix the vertical steel bars and the layer of bricks;

[0021] S34. Repeating the step S33 until the second last layer of bricks from bottom to top is laid;

[0022] S35. Opening a grouting groove on the upper surface of the uppermost layer of bricks, pushing the uppermost layer of bricks into the accommodating groove according to the set arrangement mode, bonding the uppermost layer of bricks with the inner upper wall and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove through the mixed mortar, filling the mixed mortar between the vertical steel bars and the uppermost layer of bricks through the grouting groove to tightly fix the vertical steel bars and the uppermost layer of bricks, and then repairing the upper surface of the uppermost layer of bricks.

[0023] Further, the brick penetrated by the vertical steel bar is provided with a receiving cavity corresponding to the position of the vertical steel bar in the step S3, and the receiving cavity is provided with a connecting groove near one side of the inner side wall of the receiving groove, the connecting groove vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the brick, the opening direction of the connecting groove is perpendicular to the wall surface, and the opening end of the connecting groove is located on the side of the brick in contact with the inner side wall of the receiving groove.

[0024] Further, when the cross section of the brick layer along the opening direction of the receiving groove is larger than one brick, the receiving cavity is arranged on the brick in contact with the inner side wall of the receiving groove.

[0025] Further, when the cross section of the brick layer along the opening direction of the receiving groove is larger than one brick, the bricks arranged along the opening direction of the receiving groove in the brick layer are provided with a mortise and tenon structure matched with each other.

[0026] Further, when the cross section of the brick layer along the opening direction of the receiving groove is two bricks, a tenon is arranged on the opposite side of the brick in contact with the inner side wall of the receiving groove, and the side adjacent to the brick is provided with a mortise corresponding to the tenon.

[0027] Further, the tenon is in a dovetail structure.

[0028] Further, when the bricks are connected through the mortise and tenon structure, the mixed mortar is further fixed at the connecting position of the mortise and tenon structure.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the method for repairing the outer wall brick eaves has the following advantages: the method can effectively solve the problem of the weak bonding between the new and old bricks through the single mixed mortar, the vertical steel bar and the mortise and tenon structure are matched with the mixed mortar to make the connection between the new and old bricks more firm, the situation that the bricks are damaged and fall off due to long-term erosion is avoided, especially the situation that the uppermost layer of bricks is easily damaged and falls off, and the safety accidents are prevented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the state of the raw brick wall after the step S1 is completed in the present application.

[0031] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state of the raw brick wall after the step S2 is completed in the present application.

[0032] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the state of the raw brick wall and the brick eaves after the repair is completed in the present application.

[0033] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the bricks in the third layer of bricks in the first embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the bricks in the uppermost layer of bricks in the first embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The application will be further described in detail below in connection with the drawings and specific examples, so as to make the structure type and use mode of the application more clearly and clearly understood, but the protection scope of the application patent cannot be limited thereby.

[0036] A repairing method for a cantilevered brick eave of a historical building outer facade fair-faced brick wall, the method comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1. Removing the original deteriorated brick eave, and excavating a containing groove 2 into the fair-faced brick wall 1 at a connecting position between the fair-faced brick wall 1 and the original deteriorated brick eave, and cleaning up sundries in the containing groove 2, the sundries including broken brick blocks, dry mortar powder and the like, and cleaning the brick surface in the containing groove 2, the state of the fair-faced brick wall after step S1 is shown in Fig. 1;

[0038] S2. Spacing and implanting vertical steel bars 3 in the containing groove 2 along the arrangement direction of the containing groove 2, the upper and lower ends of the vertical steel bars 3 are fixedly connected with the upper and lower walls of the containing groove 2 respectively, the installation position is set according to the brick module, but it must be ensured that the vertical first brick and tail brick of the newly installed brick eave are steel bar tied, the spacing of the vertical steel bars 3 tied in the middle of the brick eave is not greater than 500 mm, and the vertical steel bars are steel bars. The vertical steel bars are implanted into the upper and lower wall bodies by not less than two skin bricks respectively, the implantation is fixed, and the fixing can adopt implantation glue, and the state of the fair-faced brick wall after step S2 is shown in Fig. 2;

[0039] S3. Filling the brick blocks into the containing groove 2 from bottom to top, and making the newly formed brick eave have the same original appearance as the deteriorated brick eave, and the brick blocks are bonded through mixed mortar 4 between the brick blocks and the brick blocks and between the brick blocks and the inner wall of the containing groove 2;

[0040] The method for filling the brick blocks into the containing groove 2 from bottom to top includes the following steps:

[0041] S31. Selecting the brick blocks according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eave and setting the arrangement mode of the brick blocks;

[0042] S32. Pushing the lowermost layer of brick blocks into the containing groove 2 according to the set arrangement mode, and bonding the lowermost layer of brick blocks with the inner lower wall and the inner side wall of the containing groove 2 through the mixed mortar 4, and then filling the mixed mortar 4 between the vertical steel bars 3 and the lowermost layer of brick blocks to make the vertical steel bars 3 and the lowermost layer of brick blocks tightly fixed;

[0043] S33. Pushing the next layer of brick blocks into the containing groove 2 according to the set arrangement mode, and bonding the next layer of brick blocks with the upper surface of the adjacent lower layer of brick blocks and the inner side wall of the containing groove 2 through the mixed mortar 4, and then filling the mixed mortar 4 between the vertical steel bars 3 and the next layer of brick blocks to make the vertical steel bars 3 and the next layer of brick blocks tightly fixed;

[0044] S34. Repeat step S33 until the second-to-top layer of bricks is laid from bottom to top;

[0045] S35. A grouting groove is formed on the upper surface of the top layer of bricks, and then the top layer of bricks is pushed into the accommodating groove 2 according to the arrangement mode, and is bonded to the inner upper wall and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2 through the mixed mortar 4, and then the mixed mortar 4 is filled between the vertical steel bars 3 and the top layer of bricks through the grouting groove, so that the vertical steel bars 3 and the top layer of bricks are tightly fixed, and then the upper surface of the top layer of bricks is repaired.

[0046] S4. Clean the newly formed brick eave surface residues, and the repair state after step S4 is shown in FIG. 3.

[0047] Further, in the step S3, the brick penetrated by the vertical steel bars 3 is provided with an accommodating cavity 5 corresponding to the position of the vertical steel bars 3, and the accommodating cavity 5 is provided with a connecting groove 6 on the side close to the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2, the connecting groove 6 vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the brick, the opening direction of the connecting groove 6 is perpendicular to the wall surface, and the opening end of the connecting groove 6 is located on the side of the brick contacting with the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2.

[0048] Further, when the cross section of the brick layer along the slot direction of the accommodating groove 2 is greater than one brick, the accommodating cavity 5 is arranged on the brick contacting with the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2.

[0049] Further, when the cross section of the brick layer along the slot direction of the accommodating groove 2 is greater than one brick, the bricks arranged along the slot direction of the accommodating groove 2 in the brick layer are provided with a mortise and tenon structure matched with each other.

[0050] Further, when the cross section of the brick layer along the slot direction of the accommodating groove 2 is two bricks, a tenon 7 is arranged on the opposite side of the brick contacting with the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2, and a mortise 8 corresponding to the tenon 7 is arranged on the side of the other brick adjacent to the brick.

[0051] Further, the tenon 7 is in a dovetail structure.

[0052] Further, when the bricks are connected through the mortise and tenon structure, the mixed mortar is further filled at the connecting position of the mortise and tenon structure.

[0053] Example one

[0054] Taking the vertical brick layer of the repaired brick eave as four layers as an example, from top to bottom, they are the top layer of bricks, the second layer of bricks, the third layer of bricks and the bottom layer of bricks, and the shape of the repaired brick eave is shown in FIG. 3. When the original appearance repair work of the deteriorated brick eave is performed, first, the arrangement mode of the bricks and the shape of the bricks are drawn according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eave, and the corresponding bricks are made according to the drawings.

[0055] As shown in Fig. 2, when the deteriorated brick eaves are repaired, vertical steel bars 3 are implanted in the accommodating groove 2 formed by the water brick wall 1 after the deteriorated brick eaves are removed, wherein the transverse two ends of the accommodating groove 2 must be provided with vertical steel bars 3, which ensure that the first brick on the left and right ends of each brick layer is pulled together by the vertical steel bars 3, and then other vertical steel bars 3 are arranged according to the module of the brick, the interval distance between each vertical steel bar 3 is not more than 500 mm, and the vertical steel bars 3 adopt steel bars;

[0056] Then the lowermost brick layer is laid, and there is only one brick in each row of the lowermost brick layer along the opening direction of the accommodating groove 2, the outer side of each brick is arc-shaped, the lowermost brick layer is tightly bonded with the inner lower wall of the accommodating groove 2 and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2 by mixed mortar 4, the side of the brick in the lowermost brick layer which is penetrated by the vertical steel bar 3 is provided with an opening, so that the brick layer can be pushed into the accommodating groove 2 without being blocked by the vertical steel bar 3 when the brick layer is laid, and the brick in the lowermost brick layer which is penetrated by the vertical steel bar 3 is provided with an accommodating cavity 5, when these bricks are placed in place, the vertical steel bar 3 is located in the accommodating cavity 5 of these bricks respectively, then the mixed mortar 4 is poured to fill the accommodating cavity 5 and the opening, and the vertical steel bar 3 is bonded and fixed with these bricks, and the upper surface of the lowermost brick layer and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned;

[0057] Then the third brick layer is laid, and there are two bricks in each row of the third brick layer along the opening direction of the accommodating groove 2, and the bricks are laid in the order of bricks, and the connection form of the bricks is shown in Fig. 4, the inner side brick is laid first, the inner side brick of the third brick layer is tightly bonded with the upper surface of the lowermost brick and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2 by mixed mortar 4, the inner side brick is provided with an accommodating cavity 5 and an opening, the position and shape of the accommodating cavity 5 and the opening of the inner side brick correspond to those of the lowermost brick layer, the outer side surface of the inner side brick is provided with a tenon 7, the outer side brick is connected with the inner side brick after being matched with the tenon 7 through a mortise 8, and is bonded with the upper surface of the lowermost brick through mixed mortar 4, the gap between the tenon 7 and the mortise 8, the accommodating cavity 5 and the opening are filled by pouring mixed mortar 4, and the upper surface of the third brick layer and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned;

[0058] The second layer of brick layers is laid again, only one brick is arranged in each row in the opening direction of the accommodating groove 2, and the bricks are laid in the form of a header brick, the second layer of brick layers and the upper surface of the third layer of brick layers, and the second layer of brick layers and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2 are tightly bonded by the mixed mortar 4, the bricks in the second layer of brick layers, which are penetrated by the vertical steel bars 3, are provided with accommodating cavities 5 and openings, the positions and shapes of the accommodating cavities 5 and openings of the second layer of brick layers correspond to those of the third layer of brick layers, then the mixed mortar 4 is poured to fill the accommodating cavities 5 and openings, the vertical steel bars 3 are bonded and fixed with the bricks, and the upper surface of the second layer of brick layers and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned;

[0059] Finally, the uppermost layer of brick layers is laid, two bricks are arranged in each row along the opening direction of the accommodating groove 2 in the uppermost layer of brick layers, the connecting form of the bricks is shown in Fig. 5, the inner side brick is laid first, the inner side brick of the uppermost layer of brick layers and the upper surface of the second layer of brick layers, and the inner side brick of the uppermost layer of brick layers and the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2 are tightly bonded by the mixed mortar 4, the inner side brick is provided with an accommodating cavity 5 and an opening, the positions and shapes of the accommodating cavity 5 and the opening of the inner side brick correspond to those of the second layer of brick layers, the outer side of the inner side brick is provided with a tenon 7, the outer side brick is connected with the inner side brick after being matched with the tenon 7 through a mortise 8, and is bonded with the upper surface of the second layer of brick layers through the mixed mortar 4, the outer side of the outer side brick is an arc surface, a grouting groove is previously arranged on the upper surface of the inner side brick, the mixed mortar 4 is poured through the grouting groove to fill the gap between the tenon 7 and the mortise 8, the accommodating cavity 5 and the opening, and the upper surface of the uppermost layer of brick layers exposed outside is smoothed and cleaned.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Remove the original deteriorated brick eaves and dig out the accommodating groove in the exposed brick wall at the junction of the exposed brick wall and the original deteriorated brick eaves, and clean up the debris in the accommodating groove, including broken bricks, dry mortar powder, and clean the brick surface in the accommodating groove; S2. Vertical steel bars are implanted in the accommodating groove at intervals along the accommodating groove arrangement direction, and the upper and lower ends of the vertical steel bars are fixedly connected to the upper and lower walls of the accommodating groove; S3. Fill the accommodating groove with bricks from bottom to top, and make the newly formed brick eaves have the same shape as the original shape of the deteriorated brick eaves, and the bricks and the bricks and the inner wall of the accommodating groove are bonded by mixed mortar; S4. Clean the residue on the surface of the newly formed brick eaves.

2. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spacing between the vertical steel bars shall not exceed 500mm.

3. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the upper and lower walls of the accommodating groove where the vertical steel bars are implanted is not less than the thickness of two wall bricks.

4. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: Vertical steel bars are provided at both left and right ends of the accommodating groove. The vertical steel bar at the leftmost end passes through the first leftmost brick of each brick layer, and the vertical steel bar at the rightmost end passes through the first rightmost brick of each brick layer.

5. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the method of filling the bricks into the receiving grooves in an alternating manner from bottom to top includes the following steps: S31. Select bricks and set the arrangement of bricks according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eaves; S32. The bottom layer of bricks is pushed into the receiving groove according to the arrangement of the setting, and bonded to the inner lower wall and inner side wall of the receiving groove by mixed mortar, and then the mixed mortar is poured between the vertical steel bars and the bottom layer of bricks to fill the vertical steel bars and the bottom layer of bricks tightly fixed; S33. Push the next layer of bricks into the receiving groove according to the set arrangement, and use mixed mortar to make the brick layer bonded to the upper surface of the adjacent lower layer of bricks and the inner wall of the receiving groove. Then, fill the space between the vertical steel bars and the layer of bricks with mixed mortar to firmly fix the vertical steel bars to the layer of bricks. S34. Repeat step S33 until the penultimate layer of bricks is laid; S35. Open a grouting groove on the upper surface of the top brick layer, then push the top brick layer into the receiving groove according to the set arrangement, and bond it to the inner upper wall and inner side wall of the receiving groove with mixed mortar. Then, pour the mixed mortar between the vertical steel bars and the top brick layer through the grouting groove to make the vertical steel bars and the top brick layer tightly connected. Fix tightly and then repair the upper surface of the top layer of bricks.

6. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the brick penetrated by the vertical steel bar is provided with a receiving cavity corresponding to the position of the vertical steel bar, and a connecting groove is provided on the side of the receiving cavity close to the inner wall of the receiving groove. The connecting groove vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the brick, the opening direction of the connecting groove is perpendicular to the wall, and the open end of the connecting groove is located on the side where the brick contacts the inner wall of the receiving groove.

7. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the cross section of the brick layer along the notch direction of the accommodating groove is larger than that of one brick, the accommodating cavity is provided on the brick in contact with the inner side wall of the accommodating groove.

8. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the cross section of the brick layer along the direction of the notch of the accommodating groove is larger than that of one brick, the bricks of this brick layer arranged along the direction of the notch of the accommodating groove are provided with mortise and tenon structures that cooperate with each other.

9. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the cross section of the brick layer along the notch direction of the accommodating groove consists of two bricks, a tenon is provided on the opposite side of the brick that contacts the inner side wall of the accommodating groove, and another brick adjacent to the brick is provided with a mortise corresponding to the tenon on the side adjacent to the brick.

10. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tenon is a dovetail structure.

11. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross section of the uppermost brick layer along the notch direction of the receiving groove is larger than that of one brick.

12. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of a historical building according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the bricks are connected by the mortise and tenon structure, the mortise and tenon joints are further fixed by pouring mixed mortar.

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