Tizanidine-meloxicam complex and preparation method and use thereof
A tizanidine-meloxicam complex with a 1:1 molar ratio, prepared via crystallization, addresses the stability and efficacy challenges of pharmaceutical cocrystals, offering a stable and prolonged analgesic effect in pain relief.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/088979
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing pharmaceutical cocrystal drugs face challenges in forming stable combinations of active pharmaceutical ingredients, limiting their use in combined drug applications due to difficulties in achieving improved solubility, permeability, and bioavailability.
A complex is formed by combining tizanidine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt with meloxicam in a 1:1 molar ratio, characterized by specific X-ray diffraction and infrared peaks, and prepared through cooling or suspension crystallization using solvents like dimethyl sulfoxide and ketones.
The tizanidine-meloxicam complex exhibits stable crystal form, prolonged analgesic effect, and simple, reproducible preparation process suitable for industrial production, with enhanced analgesic duration compared to separate or combined administration.
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Abstract
Description
TIZANIDINE-MELOXICAM COMPLEX AND PREPARATION METHOD AND USE THEREOFTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention pertains to the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, and specifically, to a complex of tizanidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with meloxicam and a preparation method and a use thereof.BACKGROUND
[0002] Tizanidine is a central skeletal muscle relaxant with an imidazoline structure, and is clinically used to treat diseases such as skeletal hypermyotonia, myospasm, and myotonia caused by central injury. Tizanidine has a good effect on tension headache, trigeminal neuralgia, a myofascial pain syndrome, and the like, and may also be used as a general or regional anesthetic adjuvant, a preoperative and postoperative sedative, and a postoperative analgesic drug. Tizanidine may be used to relieve spasticity without causing myasthenia, and a therapeutic dosage of tizanidine does not cause psychological dependence. Therefore, tizanidine is a central muscle relaxant with good tolerance and efficacy. Currently, tizanidine hydrochloride is used in clinical treatment. A chemical name of tizanidine is 5-chloro-4- [ (2-imidazoline-2-yl) amino] -2, 1, 3-benzothiadiazole, and a structure thereof is shown in Formula I:
[0003] Meloxicam is a highly effective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that has strong antiphlogistic, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. Meloxicam may be used to selectively inhibit activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to block prostaglandin synthesis. An inhibitory effect of meloxicam on prostaglandin biosynthesis at an inflammatory site is stronger than that thereof on prostaglandin biosynthesis in gastric mucosa or kidney. Meloxicam is safer than another non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and is mainly used to relieve pain caused by diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. A chemical name of meloxicam is 2-methyl-4-hydroxy-N- (5-methyl-2-thiazolyl) -2H-1, 2-benzothiazine-3-ca rboxamide-1, 1-dioxide, and a structure thereof is shown in Formula II:
[0004] In some cases, drugs with different action mechanisms may be applied in combination for an objective of treatment. Usually, combined application of drugs is implemented by taking a compound preparation, taking a plurality of types of drugs simultaneously, or in another manner.
[0005] A pharmaceutical cocrystal is also a manner of implementing combined application of drugs. However, preparation of the pharmaceutical cocrystal is subject to many limitations.
[0006] The pharmaceutical cocrystal refers to a new solid drug form formed by combining an active pharmaceutical ingredient (active pharmaceutical ingredient, API) with a cocrystal former (cocrystal former, CCF) by using a hydrogen bond or another non-covalent bond. Composition of the pharmaceutical cocrystal includes one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients.
[0007] Some successful cocrystal drugs have specific advantages in improving drug solubility, permeability, bioavailability, stability, and the like. However, because these properties usually "cannot be sought but must be encountered by chance" , and many active pharmaceutical ingredients are difficult to form a cocrystal, the cocrystal drugs are not the first choice in study of combined application of drugs. In comparison, taking the compound preparation, taking the plurality of types of drugs simultaneously, or the like is more common.SUMMARY
[0008] The inventors of the present invention accidentally find, through numerous studies, that a new substance, that is, a complex, can be formed by two active pharmaceutical ingredients: tizanidine and meloxicam. The complex has obvious advantages over combined use of tizanidine hydrochloride and meloxicam and separate use of meloxicam.
[0009] An objective of the present invention is to provide a complex, including tizanidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and meloxicam.
[0010] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is selected from inorganic acid salt, organic acid salt, or sulfonate.
[0011] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a molar ratio of tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to meloxicam is 1: 1 in the complex.
[0012] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the complex includes tizanidine and meloxicam.
[0013] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a structure of the complex is as follows:
[0014] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a molar ratio of tizanidine to meloxicam is 1: 1 in the complex.
[0015] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the complex is in a solid form.
[0016] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a melting point of the complex ranges from 206℃ to 211℃.
[0017] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the complex has the following characteristic peaks represented by a 2θ angle in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern: 7.77°, 9.55°, 14.10°, 15.15°, and 20.90°, and a 2θ angle error range of each characteristic peak is ±0.2°.
[0018] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the complex has the following characteristic peaks represented by a 2θ angle in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern: 7.77°, 9.55°, 11.14°, 14.10°, 15.15°, 16.65°, 20.40°, 20.90°, 23.04°, 24.60°, and 24.90°, and a 2θ angle error range of each characteristic peak is ±0.2°.
[0019] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the complex has the following characteristic peaks represented by a 2θ angle in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern: 7.77°, 9.55°, 11.14°, 13.59°, 14.10°, 15.15°, 16.65°, 18.03°, 18.54°, 20.10°, 20.40°, 20.90°, 22.00°, 23.04°, 23.84°, 24.60°, 24.90°, 26.20°, 27.39°, and 29.43°, and a 2θ angle error range of each characteristic peak is ±0.2°.
[0020] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the complex has a powder X-ray diffraction pattern basically shown in FIG. 1.
[0021] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the complex has the following characteristic absorption peaks in an infrared spectrum: 3383.955 cm–1, 3164.282 cm–1, 3052.242 cm–1, 1655.767 cm–1, 1590.711 cm–1, 1327.631 cm–1, 1165.408 cm–1, 765.814 cm–1, and 571.561 cm–1, and a wave number error is ±2 cm–1.
[0022] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the complex has the following characteristic absorption peaks in an infrared spectrum: 3383.955 cm–1, 3281.736 cm–1, 3164.282 cm–1, 3052.242 cm–1, 2915.578 cm–1, 1655.767 cm–1, 1590.711 cm–1, 1509.133 cm–1, 1390.244 cm–1, 1327.631 cm–1, 1192.097 cm–1, 1165.408 cm–1, 1120.096 cm–1, 947.173 cm–1, 765.814 cm–1, and 571.561 cm–1, and a wave number error is ±2 cm–1.
[0023] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the complex has an infrared spectrum basically shown in FIG. 2.
[0024] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a crystallographic parameter of the complex is an orthorhombic system, a space group is Pca21, unit cell parameters are α=90°, β=90°, and γ=90°, and a unit cell volume is
[0025] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a schematic diagram of an asymmetric unit of the complex is shown in FIG. 4.
[0026] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a schematic diagram of a unit cell of the complex is shown in FIG. 5.
[0027] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a complex of tizanidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with meloxicam. The method includes cooling crystallization or suspension crystallization.
[0028] In a technical solution of the present invention, the cooling crystallization includes the following operation steps:
[0029] adding tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and meloxicam to an organic solvent, heating up under a stirring condition to obtain a clarified solution, cooling the solution for crystallization, filtering, and drying a filter cake, to obtain the complex.
[0030] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the organic solvent is selected from dimethyl sulfoxide and / or a ketone solvent.
[0031] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ketone solvent is selected from acetone and / or 2-butanone.
[0032] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a molar ratio of tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to meloxicam is 1: 1.
[0033] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a mass-to-volume ratio of a sum of masses of tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and meloxicam to a volume of the organic solvent is 1: 10-100 g / mL, preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio is 1: 15-90 g / mL, and further preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio is 1: 23-83 g / mL.
[0034] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a temperature for the heating-up ranges from 45℃ to a refluxing temperature.
[0035] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a temperature for the crystallization ranges from 0℃ to a room temperature, preferably, 5℃ to a room temperature.
[0036] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a time for the crystallization is 1 hour to 24 hours, preferably, 2 hours to 20 hours, more preferably, 3 hours to 12 hours, and further preferably, 3 hours to 5 hours.
[0037] In another technical solution of the present invention, the suspension crystallization includes the following operation steps:
[0038] adding tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and meloxicam to an organic solvent, reacting under a stirring condition at a room temperature, filtering, and drying a filter cake, to obtain the complex.
[0039] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the organic solvent is selected from dimethyl sulfoxide and / or a ketone solvent.
[0040] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ketone solvent is selected from acetone and / or 2-butanone.
[0041] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a molar ratio of tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to meloxicam is 1: 1.
[0042] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a mass-to-volume ratio of a sum of masses of tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and meloxicam to a volume of the organic solvent is 1: 5-50 g / mL, and preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio is 1: 10-30 g / mL.
[0043] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a time for the reaction is 1 hour to 30 hours, preferably, 15 hours to 27 hours.
[0044] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a single crystal of a complex of tizanidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with meloxicam. The method includes the following operation steps:
[0045] adding tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and meloxicam to an organic solvent, heating up under a stirring condition to obtain a clarified solution, packaging the solution, standing and cooling the solution to a room temperature for crystallization, and taking out a crystal, to obtain the single crystal.
[0046] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the organic solvent is selected from dimethyl sulfoxide and / or a ketone solvent.
[0047] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ketone solvent is selected from acetone and / or 2-butanone.
[0048] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a molar ratio of tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to meloxicam is 1: 1.
[0049] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a mass-to-volume ratio of a sum of masses of tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and meloxicam to a volume of the organic solvent is 1: 10-100 g / mL, preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio is 1: 15-90 g / mL, and further preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio is 1: 23-83 g / mL.
[0050] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a temperature for the heating-up ranges from 45℃ to 65℃, preferably, 50℃ to 55℃.
[0051] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the solution is packaged into six to eight equal parts.
[0052] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition, including a complex of tizanidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with meloxicam and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0053] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition is a tablet, a capsule, a pill, granules, or powder.
[0054] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a use of a complex of tizanidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with meloxicam in preparing a drug for treating or relieving pain or a use of a pharmaceutical composition in preparing a drug for treating or relieving pain.
[0055] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the pain is selected from traumatic pain, pathologic pain, neurogenic pain, or pain caused by a compound factor.
[0056] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the traumatic pain is defined by specific mechanical trauma and physical trauma medical history, and includes postoperative acute pain.
[0057] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the pathologic pain is selected from inflammatory pain, such as scapulohumeral periarthritis, arthritis, and fibromyalgia.
[0058] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the neurogenic pain is selected from trigeminal neuralgia.
[0059] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the pain caused by a compound factor is selected from headache (for example, migraine, tension-type headache) , oral and maxillofacial pain (for example, toothache) , occipitocervical pain (for example, occipitocervical myofascial pain) , neck and shoulder pain (for example, neck-shoulder syndrome) , upper limb pain (for example, external humeral epicondylitis) , chest and back pain (for example, medial scapular bursitis) , and lumbar and leg pain (for example, lumbar muscle strain) that are caused by a plurality of factors.
[0060] Compared with the conventional technology, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0061] The present invention provides, for the first time, a complex of tizanidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with meloxicam, and the complex has a stable crystal form that does not change after long-term storage.
[0062] Compared with combined administration of tizanidine hydrochloride and meloxicam and separate administration of meloxicam, the complex of tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with meloxicam provided in the present invention can significantly prolong an analgesic time, and has a more durable analgesic effect.
[0063] The preparation method of a complex of tizanidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with meloxicam provided in the present invention has a simple preparation process, a short reaction time, a high yield, and good reproducibility, and is applicable to industrial production.
[0064] Unless otherwise stated, the scientific and technical nouns used herein have meanings commonly understood by a person skilled in the art. To better understand the present invention, the following provides definitions and explanations of related terms.
[0065] The term "complex" as used herein refers to a chemical substance in which two active pharmaceutical ingredients contain covalent bonds and there are non-covalent interactions or non-covalent bonds (for example, Van der Waals' force, hydrogen bonds, or ionic bonds) between the two active pharmaceutical ingredients. These non-covalent bonds enable components in the complex to be combined with each other. Such a combination makes the complex different from a physical mixture of these components.
[0066] The term "room temperature" used herein is a temperature ranging from 10℃ to 35℃, for example, 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, or 35℃.
[0067] The term "refluxing temperature" used herein is a temperature at which a solvent or solvent system refluxes or is boiled.
[0068] The term "PXRD" used herein refers to powder X-ray diffraction.
[0069] The powder X-ray diffraction technology may be used for analysis of a substance state, substance composition, a crystal form state, crystal form purity, and the like, and is a common method for identifying a crystal form.
[0070] A person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that a position of a diffraction peak (2θ) in a PXRD pattern mainly depends on a structure of the crystal form, and is relatively insensitive to experimental details. However, a peak height, peak pattern, or peak area of the diffraction peak depends on many factors related to sample preparation, placement direction, and instrument measurement conditions.
[0071] Therefore, in some implementations, a characteristic of a crystal form of the complex of the present invention is shown in a PXRD pattern that has some 2θ angles, which is basically shown as a PXRD pattern provided in the accompanying drawings of the present invention.
[0072] In addition, when different instruments and different samples are used for measurement, measurements of peak heights, peak patterns, peak areas, and 2θ in the PXRD pattern may be slightly different. Therefore, values of related measurements cannot be regarded as absolute. In the present invention, an error range of a 2θ angle is ±0.2°.
[0073] The term "IR" as used herein refers to an infrared spectrum.
[0074] The term "SCXRD" as used herein refers to single crystal X-ray diffraction.
[0075] The term "pharmaceutically acceptable excipient" used herein refers to a substance, other than an active ingredient, that has been reasonably evaluated in terms of safety during drug production and prescription formulation, where the substance is contained in a pharmaceutic preparation. In addition to forming, acting as a carrier, and / or improving stability, the pharmaceutical excipient may also have important functions such as solubilization, solubilization assistance, sustained release, and controlled release, and is an important ingredient that may affect drug quality, safety, and effectiveness. The pharmaceutical excipient may be classified as a natural substance, a semi-synthetic substance, or a fully synthetic substance based on a source thereof. Based on a function and a use, the pharmaceutical excipient may be classified as a carrier, a vehicle, a solvent, a propellant, a solubilizing agent, a cosolvent, an emulsifier, a colouring agent, a binder, a disintegrant, a filler, a lubricant, a wetting agent, an osmotic pressure adjuster, a stabilizer, a glidant, a flavoring agent, a preservative, a suspending agent, a coating material, a fragrance, an anti-adhesive agent, an antioxidant, a chelating agent, a penetration enhancer, a pH modifier, a buffering agent, a plasticizer, a surfactant, a foaming agent, a defoaming agent, a thickener, an inclusion agent, a humectant, an absorbing agent, a diluent, a flocculant, a deflocculant, a filter-aid, a release-retarding agent, or the like. A same pharmaceutical excipient may be used for pharmaceutical preparations of different administration routes, and may have different functions and uses.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0076] FIG. 1 shows a powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern of a tizanidine-meloxicam complex prepared in Embodiment 1;
[0077] FIG. 2 shows an infrared spectrum (IR) of a tizanidine-meloxicam complex prepared in Embodiment 1;
[0078] FIG. 3 shows a powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) comparison pattern of a tizanidine-meloxicam complex prepared in Embodiment 1, tizanidine, and meloxicam.
[0079] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric unit of a tizanidine-meloxicam complex prepared in Embodiment 4;
[0080] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a unit cell of a tizanidine-meloxicam complex prepared in Embodiment 4;
[0081] FIG. 6 shows a calculated powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern of a tizanidine-meloxicam complex prepared in Embodiment 4;
[0082] FIG. 7 shows a powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) comparison pattern of a tizanidine-meloxicam complex in a long-term stability test according to Embodiment 5;
[0083] FIG. 8 shows a powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) comparison pattern of a tizanidine-meloxicam complex in an accelerated stability test according to Embodiment 5; and
[0084] FIG. 9 is a histogram of a result of periorbital mechanical withdrawal thresholds of rats in a drug efficacy study according to Embodiment 6.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0085] The foregoing content of the present invention is further described in detail in the following specific implementations. However, these implementations should not be construed as any limitation on the protection subject of the present invention. Any technical solution implemented based on the foregoing content of the present invention falls within the scope of the present invention.
[0086] Instruments and test conditions
[0087] Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD)
[0088] Instrument: powder X-ray diffractometer
[0089] Test conditions:
[0090] Infrared spectrum (IR)
[0091] Instrument: infrared spectrometer (model: Summit LITE)
[0092] Sample preparation method: potassium bromide pellet technique
[0093] Single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD)
[0094] Instrument: single crystal X-ray diffractometer
[0095] Melting point detection
[0096] Instrument: melting point instrument (model: YRT-3)
[0097] Test method: An appropriate amount of complex is taken and ground into fine powder, the fine powder is dried at 105℃ to obtain a constant weight, and measurement is performed according to "The Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020, General cell of 0612, Method I" , where a heating rate is 3℃ / min.
[0098] Embodiment 1 Preparation of a Tizanidine-Meloxicam Complex
[0099] 12.70 g of tizanidine and 17.70 g of meloxicam are taken through weighing and added to a reaction flask, 2500 mL of acetone is added, heating-up is performed under a stirring condition until a refluxing temperature is reached, to obtain a clarified solution, the solution is cooled to a room temperature for crystallization for 5 hours, filtration is performed under a reduced pressure, and a filter cake is dried under a reduced pressure for 3 hours at 45℃, to obtain 19.03 g of tizanidine-meloxicam complex.
[0100] A melting point of the complex ranges from 207 to 210.5℃ as measured by the melting point instrument.
[0101] A powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) result of the obtained complex is shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1, and an infrared spectrum (IR) thereof is shown in FIG. 2.
[0102] A powder X-ray diffraction comparison pattern of the obtained complex, tizanidine, and meloxicam is shown in FIG. 3 (curves from top to bottom are sequentially tizanidine, the tizanidine-meloxicam complex, and meloxicam) . It can be learned from FIG. 3 that, in the powder X-ray diffraction comparison pattern, there are significant differences among the tizanidine-meloxicam complex, tizanidine, and meloxicam in aspects such as a diffraction peak quantity, a diffraction peak location, and diffraction peak intensity, and it indicates that the obtained complex is not a physical mixture of tizanidine and meloxicam. For example, the complex has characteristic peaks different from those of tizanidine and meloxicam at 7.77°, 9.55°, 14.10°, 15.15°, and 20.90° in the powder X-ray diffraction comparison pattern.
[0103] Table 1
[0104] The diffraction peak location (2θ) may have an error range of ±0.2°.
[0105] Embodiment 2 Preparation of a Tizanidine-Meloxicam Complex
[0106] 60.03 g of tizanidine and 83.17 g of meloxicam are taken through weighing and added to a reaction flask, 1440 mL of acetone is added, reaction is performed under a stirring condition at a room temperature for 22 hours, filtration is performed under a reduced pressure, and a filter cake is dried under a reduced pressure at 45℃ for 3 hours, to obtain 132.67 g of tizanidine-meloxicam complex. A crystal form of the obtained complex is the same as that of the complex in Embodiment 1.
[0107] Embodiment 3 Preparation of a Tizanidine-Meloxicam Complex
[0108] 0.7611 g of tizanidine and 1.0578 g of meloxicam are taken through weighing and added to a reaction flask, 40 mL of acetone and 2.5 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide are added, heating-up is performed under a stirring condition until 50℃ is reached, to react for 1 hour to obtain a clarified solution, the solution is cooled to 5℃ for crystallization for 1 hour, filtration is performed under a reduced pressure, and a filter cake is dried under a reduced pressure at 50℃ for 8 hours, to obtain 1.146 g of tizanidine-meloxicam complex. A crystal form of the obtained complex is the same as that of the complex in Embodiment 1.
[0109] The researchers of the present invention have tried various solvent systems to prepare the tizanidine-meloxicam complex, but have not obtained a target complex (see comparative examples 1 to 4) .
[0110] Comparative Example 1
[0111] 0.25 g of tizanidine and 0.35 g of meloxicam are weighed and added into a reaction flask, 40 mL of methanol is added, heating-up is performed at a stirring condition to reach 50℃ to obtain a clarified solution, the solution is cooled to 5℃ for crystallization for 12 hours, filtration is performed under a reduced pressure, and a filter cake is dried at 50℃ under a reduced pressure for 10 hours, to obtain a solid substance.
[0112] After detection, the obtained solid substance is a tizanidine-meloxicam-methanol solvate.
[0113] Comparative Example 2
[0114] 0.25 g of tizanidine and 0.35 g of meloxicam are weighed and added into a reaction flask, 40 mL of acetonitrile is added, heating-up is performed at a stirring condition to reach 50℃ to obtain a clarified solution, the solution is cooled to 5℃ for crystallization for 12 hours, filtration is performed under a reduced pressure, and a filter cake is dried at 50℃ under a reduced pressure for 10 hours, to obtain a solid substance.
[0115] After detection, the obtained solid substance is a tizanidine-meloxicam-acetonitrile solvate.
[0116] Comparative Example 3
[0117] 0.25 g of tizanidine and 0.35 g of meloxicam are weighed and added into a reaction flask, 40 mL of N, N-dimethylformamide is added, heating-up is performed at a stirring condition to reach 50℃ to obtain a clarified solution, the solution is cooled to 5℃ for crystallization for 12 hours, filtration is performed under a reduced pressure, and a filter cake is dried at 50℃ under a reduced pressure for 10 hours, to obtain a solid substance.
[0118] After detection, the obtained solid substance is a tizanidine-meloxicam-N, N-dimethylformamide solvate.
[0119] Comparative Example 4
[0120] 0.25 g of tizanidine and 0.35 g of meloxicam are weighed and added into a reaction flask, 40 mL of dichloromethane is added, heating-up is performed at a stirring condition to reach 40℃ to obtain a clarified solution, the solution is cooled to 5℃ for crystallization for 12 hours, filtration is performed under a reduced pressure, and a filter cake is dried at 40℃ under a reduced pressure for 10 hours, to obtain a solid substance.
[0121] After detection, the obtained solid substance is a physical mixture of a tizanidine-dichloromethane solvate and meloxicam.
[0122] Embodiment 4 Preparation of a Single Crystal of a Tizanidine-Meloxicam Complex
[0123] 0.2537 g of tizanidine and 0.3526 g of meloxicam are taken through weighing and added to a reaction flask, 50 mL of acetone is added, heating-up is performed under a stirring condition until 50℃ is reached, to react for 1 hour to obtain a clarified solution, the clarified hot solution is packaged into 10 mL test tubes and is packaged into seven equal parts, the test tubes are properly sealed to reduce a solvent volatilization rate, the test tubes are stood at a room temperature for crystallization, and a crystal is taken out, to obtain the single crystal.
[0124] Single crystal data of the obtained tizanidine-meloxicam complex is shown in Table 2, a schematic diagram of an asymmetric unit thereof is shown in FIG. 4, and a schematic diagram of a unit cell thereof is shown in FIG. 5. A main crystallographic parameter of the complex is an orthorhombic system, a space group is Pca21, unit cell parameters are α=90°, β=90°, and γ=90°, and a unit cell volume is
[0125] A calculated powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern of the complex is shown in FIG. 6, and is basically consistent with the powder X-ray diffraction pattern (FIG. 1) of the tizanidine-meloxicam complex in Embodiment 1.
[0126] Table 2
[0127] Embodiment 5 Stability Tests of a Tizanidine-Meloxicam Complex
[0128] 1. Long-term stability test
[0129] Experimental operation: The tizanidine-meloxicam complex prepared in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is taken and placed under the following conditions for six months: 25±2℃ and relative humidity of 60±10%; and the tizanidine-meloxicam complex is separately sampled in the first month, the third month, and the sixth month to perform powder X-ray diffraction detection, and crystal forms of samples are compared with a crystal form of the complex at day 0.
[0130] Result: For a powder X-ray diffraction comparison pattern, refer to FIG. 7 (curves from bottom to top are respectively data corresponding to day 0, the first month, the third month, and the sixth month) . It can be learned from FIG. 7 that, after being placed for six months, the crystal form of the tizanidine-meloxicam complex prepared in the present invention does not change, and crystal form stability is good.
[0131] 2. Accelerated stability test
[0132] Experimental operation: The tizanidine-meloxicam complex prepared in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is taken and placed under the following conditions for six weeks: 40±2℃ and relative humidity of 75±5%; and the tizanidine-meloxicam complex is separately sampled in the first week, the second week, the third week, the fourth week, and the sixth week to perform powder X-ray diffraction detection, and crystal forms of samples are compared with a crystal form of the complex at day 0.
[0133] Result: For a powder X-ray diffraction comparison pattern, refer to FIG. 8 (curves from bottom to top are respectively data corresponding to day 0, the first week, the second week, the third week, the fourth week, and the sixth week) . It can be learned from FIG. 8 that, after being placed under accelerated test conditions for six weeks, the crystal form of the tizanidine-meloxicam complex prepared in the present invention does not change, and crystal form stability is good.
[0134] Embodiment 6 Study on a Pharmacodynamic Effect of a Tizanidine-Meloxicam Complex on Nitroglycerin-Induced SD Rat Migraine Models
[0135] Drugs under test: a tizanidine-meloxicam complex (prepared in Embodiment 1) , a mixed drug of tizanidine hydrochloride and meloxicam, and meloxicam.
[0136] Laboratory animal: SPF-grade SD rats, male, purchased from GemPharmatech Chengdu Co., Ltd. An animal breeding environment is that the rats are bred at 20℃ to 26℃ with relative humidity of 40%to 70%, and are artificially illuminated with a 12-hour circadian rhythm in a breeding process. The rats are fed adaptively for one week with water and food before testing.
[0137] Grouping information: a blank control group, a model group, a tizanidine-meloxicam complex low-dose group, a tizanidine-meloxicam complex medium-dose group, a tizanidine-meloxicam complex high-dose group, a tizanidine hydrochloride-meloxicam mixed drug group, and a meloxicam group.
[0138] Establishment of the models: After one week of animal adaptation, the rats are tested for mechanical withdrawal threshold baselines. The rats are randomly grouped based on mechanical withdrawal thresholds. Except for the blank control group, the rats in other groups are injected with nitroglycerin (10 mg / kg; 5 mg / mL of nitroglycerin is diluted to a required concentration by using normal saline) subcutaneously every other day (at day 1, day 3, day 5, and day 7) . About 30 minutes after each time of model making, if the following phenomena are observed in animals: redness in both ears, frequently head scratching by front limbs, increased cage climbing times, restlessness, and the like, it indicates that the models are successfully established.
[0139] Administration scheme: 1 hour after injection of nitroglycerin at day 1, modeled rats are selected for administration. 14 rats in each group (12 rats in the blank control group) are subjected to intragastric administration once every day by groups for seven consecutive days (at day 3, day 5, and day 7, administration is immediately performed after nitroglycerin injection) . Corn oil is used as a solvent for the complex groups, the mixed drug group, and the meloxicam group. Administration dosages of the complex low-, medium-, and high-dose groups are respectively 0.35 mg / kg, 1.4 mg / kg, and 5.6 mg / kg. An administration dosage of the mixed drug group is 1.4 mg / kg (including 0.587 mg / kg of tizanidine and 0.813 mg / kg of meloxicam) . An administration dosage of the meloxicam group is 0.813 mg / kg. The rats in the blank control group and the model group are intragastrically fed with a same volume of solvent (the corn oil) every day, and an intragastric volume is 2.5 mL / kg.
[0140] Detection: The periorbital mechanical withdrawal thresholds of the rats are detected 1 hour and 6 hours after administration at day 7.
[0141] Statistical analysis: The IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 software is used for data statistical analysis. All measurement data is represented by Mean±SEM. The Graph Pad Prism 8 software is used for drawing.
[0142] First, a normality test is performed on data. If P≤0.05, it is considered that the data does not conform to a normal distribution. If P>0.05, it is considered that the set of data conforms to a normal distribution. For the data that conforms to the normal distribution, a homogeneity test of variance is first performed on a quantitative index by using a Levene's test. When "equal variance assumed" occurs (P>0.05) , one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to perform a statistical test. If P is statistically significant (P≤0.05) , an LSD test is used to perform inter-group difference comparison. If P is not statistically significant (P>0.05) , the statistics analysis ends. When the data does not conform to the normal distribution or "equal variance not assumed" occurs (P≤0.05) , a Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test (K-W method) is used to perform statistical analysis. If P is statistically significant (P≤0.05) , a Mann-Whitney U test (M-W method) is continuously used to perform inter-group difference comparison. If P is not statistically significant (P>0.05) , the statistics analysis ends.
[0143] For experimental results, refer to Table 3 and FIG. 9.
[0144] Table 3 The periorbital mechanical withdrawal thresholds of the rats (g)
[0145] Note: Compared with the blank control group: ###P<0.001; compared with the model group: **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001; and compared with the complex medium-dose group: $P<0.05 and $$P<0.01.
[0146] It can be learned from Table 3 and FIG. 9 that the complex dose groups, the mixed drug group, and the meloxicam group present analgesic effects, and have significant differences compared with the model group. An analgesic effect of the complex is dosage-related, and the mechanical withdrawal threshold of the complex high-dose group is raised to a level of the blank control group. The analgesic effects of the tizanidine-meloxicam complex dose groups 6 hours after administration at day 7 still remain comparable to the analgesic effects of the tizanidine-meloxicam complex dose groups 1 hour after administration at day 7. However, therapeutic effects of the mixed drug group and the meloxicam group are reduced. At a same dosage level, 6 hours after administration, the tizanidine-meloxicam complex has a better analgesic effect and has a significant difference compared with the mixed drug group and the meloxicam group. It is suggested that, in the nitroglycerin-induced SD rat migraine models, the tizanidine-meloxicam complex has a longer analgesic time and a more durable analgesic effect than combined administration of tizanidine hydrochloride and meloxicam and separate administration of meloxicam.
[0147] The descriptions of the foregoing embodiments are merely used to help understand the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art can further make some improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1.A complex, comprising tizanidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and meloxicam.2.The complex according to claim 1, wherein a molar ratio of tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to meloxicam is 1: 1 in the complex.3.The complex according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the complex comprises tizanidine and meloxicam.4.The complex according to claim 3, wherein a structure of the complex is as follows: 5.The complex according to claim 3, wherein the complex is in a solid form.6.The complex according to claim 3, wherein a melting point of the complex ranges from 206℃ to 211℃.7.The complex according to claim 3, wherein the complex has the following characteristic peaks represented by a 2θ angle in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern: 7.77°, 9.55°, 14.10°, 15.15°, and 20.90°, and a 2θ angle error range of each characteristic peak is ±0.2°.8.The complex according to claim 3, wherein the complex has the following characteristic peaks represented by a 2θ angle in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern: 7.77°, 9.55°, 11.14°, 14.10°, 15.15°, 16.65°, 20.40°, 20.90°, 23.04°, 24.60°, and 24.90°, and a 2θ angle error range of each characteristic peak is ±0.2°.9.The complex according to claim 3, wherein the complex has the following characteristic peaks represented by a 2θ angle in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern: 7.77°, 9.55°, 11.14°, 13.59°, 14.10°, 15.15°, 16.65°, 18.03°, 18.54°, 20.10°, 20.40°, 20.90°, 22.00°, 23.04°, 23.84°, 24.60°, 24.90°, 26.20°, 27.39°, and 29.43°, and a 2θ angle error range of each characteristic peak is ±0.2°.10.The complex according to claim 3, wherein the complex has the following characteristic absorption peaks in an infrared spectrum: 3383.955 cm–1, 3164.282 cm–1, 3052.242 cm–1, 1655.767 cm–1, 1590.711 cm–1, 1327.631 cm–1, 1165.408 cm–1, 765.814 cm–1, and 571.561 cm–1, and a wave number error is ±2 cm–1.11.The complex according to claim 3, wherein the complex has the following characteristic absorption peaks in an infrared spectrum: 3383.955 cm–1, 3281.736 cm–1, 3164.282 cm–1, 3052.242 cm–1, 2915.578 cm–1, 1655.767 cm–1, 1590.711 cm–1, 1509.133 cm–1, 1390.244 cm–1, 1327.631 cm–1, 1192.097 cm–1, 1165.408 cm–1, 1120.096 cm–1, 947.173 cm–1, 765.814 cm–1, and 571.561 cm–1, and a wave number error is ±2 cm–1.12.The complex according to claim 3, wherein a crystallographic parameter of the complex is an orthorhombic system, a space group is Pca21, unit cell parameters are α=90°, β=90°, and γ=90°, and a unit cell volume is 13.A preparation method of the complex according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises cooling crystallization or suspension crystallization.14.The preparation method according to claim 13, wherein the cooling crystallization comprises the following operation steps:adding tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and meloxicam to an organic solvent, heating up under a stirring condition to obtain a clarified solution, cooling the solution for crystallization, filtering, and drying a filter cake, to obtain the complex, whereinpreferably, the organic solvent is selected from dimethyl sulfoxide and / or a ketone solvent, and further preferably, the ketone solvent is selected from acetone and / or 2-butanone.15.The preparation method according to claim 13, wherein the suspension crystallization comprises the following operation steps:adding tizanidine or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and meloxicam to an organic solvent, reacting under a stirring condition at a room temperature, filtering, and drying a filter cake, to obtain the complex, whereinpreferably, the organic solvent is selected from dimethyl sulfoxide and / or a ketone solvent, and further preferably, the ketone solvent is selected from acetone and / or 2-butanone.16.A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the complex according to any one of claims 1 to 12 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.17.A use of the complex according to any one of claims 1 to 12 or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 16 in preparing a drug for treating or relieving pain.
Citation Information
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