Feedback device, feedback method, and program

Abstract

In a conventional device that provides feedback about body movements for training for physical exercise associated with cognitive decision-making, neither evaluation of a movement when a hit does not occur or evaluation of the cognitive decision-making ability during a striking movement are utilized. The disclosed technology for solving this problem includes an external information acquisition unit, an exercise information acquisition unit, and a determination unit. In relation to a cognitive decision-making target, a user implements either a determination 1 or a determination 2 and carries out a physical exercise. The external information acquisition unit acquires information about the cognitive decision-making target. The exercise information acquisition unit acquires information about the physical exercise. On the basis of the information about the cognitive decision-making target and the information about the physical exercise, the determination unit discriminates whether the user chose decision 1 or decision 2 and whether the decision result was correct or incorrect.

Description

Feedback device, feedback method, and program

[0001] The disclosed technology relates to a training device and a training method for physical exercise such as baseball hitting or car driving.

[0002] Patent Literature 1 discloses a device for improving the abilities of baseball and softball players, in which the player is allowed to selectively hit a fastball and a changeup, and important information for batting (changes in the rotational speed of the hips over time) is fed back to the player. Non-Patent Literature 1 reports that, based on the finding that the greater the difference in the time at which a player starts batting against a fastball and a changeup, the better the batting performance of the player, an investigation was conducted into the relationship between the player's batting performance and the evaluation of cognitive judgment abilities for fastballs and changeups.

[0003] JP 2019-97853 A

[0004] D. Nasu et al., "Behavioral Measures in a Cognitive-Motor Batting Task Explain Real Game Performance of Top Athletes", Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, Vol.2, pp.1-9, May 2020.

[0005] In Patent Document 1, the player's actions of hitting the ball were observed and feedback was provided. Furthermore, in Non-Patent Document 1, the results of a button-pressing task with a low degree of freedom of movement were used to evaluate cognitive judgment ability (the ability to judge whether to hit a strike or miss a ball) (Non-Patent Document 1). Therefore, the prior art only utilized evaluation of hitting actions (active actions), and did not evaluate actions when not hitting (passive actions) or cognitive judgment ability in situations where the degree of freedom of movement was appropriately set (for example, during a hitting action).

[0006] The disclosed technology for solving the above problem is a device that evaluates a user's cognitive judgment and physical movement and presents the results to the user for physical movement training involving cognitive judgment, and includes an external information acquisition unit, an exercise information acquisition unit, and a judgment unit. The user performs physical movement by making either judgment 1 or judgment 2 regarding a cognitive judgment target. The external information acquisition unit acquires information about the cognitive judgment target. The exercise information acquisition unit acquires information about the physical movement. The judgment unit distinguishes whether the user made judgment 1 or judgment 2 and whether the judgment result was correct or incorrect, based on the information about the cognitive judgment target and the information about the physical movement.

[0007] Cognitive judgment ability is significantly affected by the ability to make non-hitting attempts (passive movements). The disclosed technology allows for feedback to the player on a comprehensive evaluation that includes not only hitting attempts (active movements) but also non-hitting attempts. Furthermore, by using tasks with an appropriate degree of freedom of movement, cognitive judgment ability during hitting movements can be evaluated more appropriately than with conventional button pressing. This can be used to evaluate not only ball hitting movements, but also general cognitive judgment ability that involves movement.

[0008] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a simulated competition; FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a feedback device according to the first embodiment; FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the operation of a feedback device according to the first embodiment; FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a target type determination process; FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a threshold setting process; FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of a Go / No-go threshold; FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an example of a No-go motor threshold; FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining a Go / No-go determination process; and FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the process of evaluation 1. Y A diagram explaining an example of a profile. Y-Go Profile and V Y-NoGo1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a profile of a feedback device according to a third embodiment. A diagram illustrating decision-making times in scenarios 1 and 2. A diagram illustrating decision-making times in scenarios 3 and 4. A flowchart illustrating the processing of evaluation 2. A flowchart illustrating the processing of evaluation 3. A flowchart illustrating the processing of evaluations 4 and 5. A flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of a feedback device according to a second embodiment. A flowchart illustrating threshold update processing. A flowchart illustrating the movement start threshold update processing, decision-making threshold update processing, and movement stop threshold update processing. A diagram illustrating how differences in the degrees of freedom of movement affect judgment accuracy. A flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of a feedback device according to a third embodiment. A flowchart illustrating the processing of evaluation 6. A diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of a computer.

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the disclosed technology will be described in detail. Note that components having the same functions are assigned the same numbers, and duplicated descriptions will be omitted.

[0010] The embodiment will be described using a simulation game apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 . A player 101 hits a target 104 that is projected on a screen 102 and moves toward the player from a target start point 103. If the target 104 is about to pass through a strike area 105, the player operates a cursor 106 to hit the target 104 into a goal area 107 (called a "Go" action). If the target 104 is about to miss the strike area 105, the player passes on the target 104 (called a "No-go" action). When attempting to hit the ball, the initial position of the cursor is the cursor start point 108. Hereinafter, a target that passes through the goal area (a target that should be hit) will be called a "Go target," and a target that does not pass through the goal area (a target that should be passed on) will be called a "No-go target." The time change in the target coordinates (Xt(t), Yt(t)) (referred to as target trajectory data) and the time change in the cursor coordinates (Xc(t), Yc(t)) (referred to as cursor trajectory data) are recorded in a recording unit (not shown).

[0011] [First embodiment] Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a feedback device 1 according to the first embodiment. The feedback device 1 includes an external information acquisition unit 201, an exercise information acquisition unit 202, an information presentation unit 203, a threshold setting unit 204, a performance evaluation unit 205, a Go / No-go determination unit 206, and a recording unit 207. Fig. 3 is a flowchart explaining an example of the operation of the feedback device 1. The following explanation will be centered on Figs. 2 and 3.

[0012] <External Information Acquisition> The external information acquisition unit 201 of the feedback device 1 acquires external information (such as the ball's trajectory, speed, and arrival time, as well as cognitive judgment ability measured by other devices) from external devices such as sensors or manual input (step S302). Here, target trajectory data (data from multiple attempts by the player in the simulated competition) is acquired from the simulated competition device 1. Next, the external information acquisition unit 201 determines the type of target (step S303). This will be explained using FIG. 4 . The external information acquisition unit 201 determines whether the target being attempted is a Go target. If it is a Go target (Yes in step S401), Go is assigned as the target label (step S402). If it is a No-Go target (No in step S401), No-Go is assigned as the target label (step S403). The external information acquisition unit 201 outputs the target label (step S404).

[0013] <Movement Information Acquisition> Returning to Figure 3, the movement information acquisition unit 202 of the feedback device 1 acquires spatiotemporal information on the movement of the player's body parts acquired from an external device such as a sensor (step S304). Here, cursor trajectory data (data resulting from the player's multiple attempts at the simulated competition) is acquired from the simulation competition device 1. From the cursor trajectory data, changes in cursor speed and acceleration over time can be obtained. In the following explanation, graphs of changes in position, speed, and acceleration over time may be referred to as position profile, velocity profile, and acceleration profile, respectively.

[0014] <Threshold Setting> Returning to Fig. 3, the feedback device 1 sets various thresholds (step S304). Specifically, it sets a Go / No-go threshold, a movement threshold, a decision-making threshold, a No-go threshold, and a movement stop threshold (steps S501, S502, S503, S504, and S505 in Fig. 5).

[0015] (Go / No-go threshold) The feedback device 1 determines whether the player has taken the Go or No-go action. A Go / No-go threshold is used for this purpose. An example of the Go / No-go threshold is shown in FIG. 6. If the start position along the Y direction is 0 and the position of the strike area is L1, the Go / No-go threshold Th1 is set to, for example, L1 / 2. If the cursor exceeds Th1, it is determined that the hit is to be made, and if it does not exceed Th1, it is determined that the hit is to be postponed.

[0016] (Movement Start Threshold) The feedback device 1 calculates the time when the player starts to move. For this, the movement start threshold is used. The direction from the cursor start point 108 toward the target start point 103 is defined as the positive direction of the Y axis, and the Y component of the cursor velocity is defined as V. Y The movement start threshold Th2 is calculated by using the cursor trajectory data to calculate V for the period from the target start to 100 ms later. Y The average value (m) of V Y The value is calculated by adding twice the standard deviation (sd) of m (m+2sd).

[0017] (Decision-Making Threshold) The feedback device 1 calculates the player's decision-making time (the time when the player makes a final decision to go or no-go). For this purpose, a decision-making threshold is used. In the first embodiment, the decision-making threshold Th3 is set to the same value as the movement start threshold Th2.

[0018] (No-go movement threshold) The feedback device 1 detects when the player has not moved the cursor. For this purpose, the no-go movement threshold is used. An example of the no-go movement threshold is shown in FIG. 7. The radius Th4 of a circle centered on the start position 108 is set as the no-go movement threshold. Th4 is set to 1 cm, for example. If the cursor position does not exceed Th4, it is considered to have "not been moved." Note that Th4 in FIG. 7 is drawn in an exaggerated size.

[0019] (Movement Stop Threshold) The feedback device 1 calculates the time when the player stops the cursor. For this, the movement stop threshold is used. The initial value of the movement stop threshold Th5 is set to 0.

[0020] <Go / No-go Determination> Returning to FIG. 3 . Next, the Go / No-go determination unit 206 of the feedback device 1 determines whether the player has taken a Go or No-go action (step S307). This will be explained using FIG. 8 . The Go / No-go determination unit 206 acquires a target label, cursor trajectory data, and a Go / No-go threshold (step S812). If the target label output by the external information acquisition unit 201 is Go (Yes in step S801) and the position of the hand (cursor 106) exceeds the Go / No-go threshold (Yes in step S802), the Go / No-go determination unit 206 assigns "Go" as the result label of the player's action (step S803). Furthermore, since the player's action is correct, the Go / No-go determination unit 206 assigns the result label "Hit."

[0021] If the output target label of the external information acquisition unit 201 is Go (Yes in step S801) and the position of the hand (cursor 106) does not exceed the Go / No-go threshold (No in step S802), the result label of the player's response is assigned "No-go" (step S803).Also, the player's response is incorrect, and the result label "Miss" is assigned.

[0022] If the output target label of the external information acquisition unit 201 is No-go (No in step S801) and the position of the hand (cursor 106) exceeds the Go / No-go threshold (Yes in step S807), the result label of the player's response is "Go" (step S808). Also, the player's response is incorrect, and the result label "False Alarm" is assigned.

[0023] If the output target label of the external information acquisition unit 201 is No-go (No in step S801) and the position of the hand (cursor 106) does not exceed the Go / No-go threshold (No in step S807), the result label of the player's response is "No-go" (step S810). Also, the player's response is correct, and the result label "Correct Rejection" is assigned.

[0024] Using the result labels, the player's performance is evaluated (steps S308 to S312).

[0025] <Evaluation 1> Evaluation 1 will be described with reference to Fig. 9. The performance evaluation unit 205 first acquires cursor trajectory data, a movement start threshold, and a result label (step S910), and calculates V from the cursor trajectory data. Y Generate a profile.

[0026] (exercise start time) Figure 10 is V Y The performance evaluation unit 205 calculates the V Y If exceeds the exercise start threshold Th2 (Yes in step S901), the time at which it exceeds the threshold is set as the exercise start time (step S902).

[0027] (Decision-making time) Calculate the time (decision-making time) when the player makes a final decision on whether to take a Go or No-go action. The decision will be one of the following four scenarios. (Scenario 1) Go from the beginning. (Scenario 2) No-go at first, then Go halfway through. (Scenario 3) No-go from the beginning. (Scenario 4) Go at first, then No-go halfway through. Scenarios 1 and 2 are Go actions, and the decision-making time can be determined by comparing them with the average No-go action. Scenarios 3 and 4 are No-go actions, and the decision-making time can be determined by comparing them with the average Go action.

[0028] If the result label is Go (Yes in step S903), the performance evaluation unit 205 Y Calculate the average profile of V Y-NoGo (Step S904). Y-NoGoThis is an example of a profile.

[0029] Figure 12 shows the V in Go support. Y The solid line indicates the change in cursor velocity during the target trial, and the dashed line indicates the change in V Y-NoGo V Y -V Y-NoGo When exceeds Th3 (Yes in step S905), that time is set as the decision-making time (step S906). As expected from the scenarios, the decision-making time t2 in scenario 2 is later than the decision-making time t1 in scenario 1.

[0030] 9. If the result label is not Go (No in step S903), the performance evaluation unit 205 Y Calculate the average profile of V Y-Go (Step S907). Y-Go This is an example of a profile.

[0031] Figure 13 shows the V Y The solid line indicates the change in cursor velocity during the target trial, and the dashed line indicates the change in V Y-Go V in Scenario 4 Y The profile shows that the player initially started the cursor to hit back, but then changed his mind and pulled back the cursor to let the ball go. Y-Go -V Y When exceeds Th3 (Yes in step S908), that time is set as the decision-making time (step S909). As expected from the scenarios, decision-making time t4 in scenario 4 is later than decision-making time t3 in scenario 3.

[0032] <Evaluation 2> Evaluation 2 evaluates cognitive judgment ability. Based on the hit rate and false alarm rate, sensitivity d' and judgment criterion C are calculated using a formula from signal detection theory. Here, "sensitivity" indicates the degree of discrimination. For example, d' = 0 indicates either no stimuli or complete indiscrimination, while d' = 3 indicates near-perfect discrimination. "Judgment criterion" indicates bias in judgment. For example, C = 0 indicates no bias in judgment, while C < 0 indicates a tendency to assume that a signal was present (in this case, a target that should be responded to with a go), and C > 0 indicates a tendency to assume that no signal was present (in this case, a target that should be responded to with a no-go). For details, see Reference 1 (H. Stanislaw et al., "Calculation of signal detection theory measure," Behavior Research Method, Instruments & Computers, pp. 137-149, Vol. 31(1), 1999).

[0033] This will be explained using FIG. 14. The performance evaluation unit 205 calculates the rate of each result label (Hit, Miss, False Alarm, Correct Rejection) for each target speed band (step S1401). If there are no errors, the sum of the Hit rate and Miss rate is set to 1, and the sum of the False Alarm rate and Correct Rejection rate is set to 1. Next, the Z transform of (1 - False Alarm rate) is calculated, and Z N Also, calculate the Z transformation of (1-Hit rate) and Z SN (Step S1402). N -Z SN is calculated and set as d' (determination accuracy) (step S1403). N +Z SN ) is calculated and set as C (bias) (step S1404). The correct rejection rate itself is an important index of motor inhibition, because motor inhibition is an important ability in extremely short-term Go / No-go judgments.

[0034] <Evaluation 3> In evaluation 3, responses to trials where no shots were taken (No-go responses) are classified and evaluated. This will be explained using FIG. 15. The performance evaluation unit 205 acquires the target label, cursor trajectory data, and result label. The performance evaluation unit 205 evaluates whether the "target label is No-go" (Yes in step S1501) and the "V Y exceeded the No-go motor threshold" (Yes in step S1502) and "the result label is Correct Rejection" (Yes in step S1503), the performance evaluation unit 205 assigns "moved and then stopped" as the No-go response label (step S1504). Y If "the target label is No-go" (Yes in step S1501) and "V exceeds the No-go motor threshold" (Yes in step S1502) and "the result label is not Correct Rejection" (No in step S1503), the performance evaluation unit 205 assigns "moving and cannot be stopped" as the No-go response label (step S1505). Y If "does not exceed the No-go motor threshold" (Yes in step S1502), "did not move" is assigned as the No-go response label (step S1506). The performance evaluation unit 205 calculates the percentage of "stopped after moving," "moved and could not stop," and "did not move" for each speed range (step S1507).

[0035] <Evaluation 4> In evaluation 4, the exercise cancellation time for No-go is evaluated. It is known that athletes and skilled people have short exercise cancellation times (excellent exercise suppression), and the cancellation time is one of the indicators that can evaluate the strength of exercise suppression. This will be explained using FIG. 16(a). The performance evaluation unit 205 acquires the target label, cursor trajectory data, and exercise stop threshold. The performance evaluation unit 205 evaluates whether "the target label is No-go" (Yes in step S1601) and "V Y is equal to or less than the motion stop threshold Th5 (Yes in step S1602), VY The time when V becomes equal to or less than Th5 is set as the exercise cancellation time (step S1603). Y changes from positive to negative and continues to move, but in this case, V Y The time when the threshold value first becomes equal to or less than Th5 is set as the exercise cancellation time.

[0036] <Evaluation 5> In Evaluation 5, the evaluation of the simulated competition trial is compared with other data recorded in the recording unit. This will be explained using FIG. 16(b). If other data (e.g., the player's past data) is recorded in the recording unit (Yes in step S1604), time-series data of cognitive judgment ability is generated (step S1605). If data of another player is recorded (Yes in step S1606), data is generated in which the player's position is superimposed on an overall distribution map of cognitive judgment ability (step S1607).

[0037] <Information Presentation> Returning to FIG. 3 , the information presentation unit 203 of the feedback device 1 presents the data obtained by the performance evaluation unit to the player (step S314). For example, the data may be presented by level (beginner / intermediate / advanced / professional), the player's position in the overall distribution, or some other normalized numerical value. When presenting the level, the level classification value is recorded in advance in the recording unit. This value can also be updated. There are several normalization methods, and any of them may be used. For example, there is a method of scaling so that the minimum value is 0 and the maximum value is 1, or a method of scaling so that the average is 0 and the variance is 1. A deviation value based on such a method may also be presented. The evaluated numerical value may also be presented as is. Furthermore, if the player's past data has been recorded, the progress of the player's cognitive judgment ability over time may also be presented.

[0038] The above is the description of the first embodiment.

[0039] [Second Embodiment] In the first embodiment, the movement start threshold, decision-making threshold, and movement stop threshold are values ​​compared with the cursor speed, but these thresholds may be updated using trial results. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 17, and 18. The functional block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the feedback device 2 according to the second embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the feedback device 2. FIG. 17 differs from FIG. 3 in that it includes a threshold update step S1701 instead of the threshold setting process of step S304.

[0040] In Fig. 17, steps S301 to S303 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Next, if past trial results are available, the threshold setting unit 204 of the feedback device 2 performs threshold update processing (step S1701). This will be explained using Fig. 18. The threshold setting unit 204 of the feedback device 2 acquires result labels (step S1801). Based on the past trial results, the threshold setting unit 204 calculates the target speed range and the number of times (number of movements) for each result label (step S1802). Next, the threshold setting unit 204 processes movement start threshold update, decision-making threshold update, and movement stop threshold update.

[0041] (Movement Start Threshold Update) The movement start threshold update process will be described with reference to FIG. 19(a). If there is one or more trials with a result label of Go in each speed range (Yes in step S1901), the threshold setting unit 204 updates the movement start threshold Th2 (step S1902). Specifically, for example, if there is one or more trials with a result label of Go in each speed range, the V Y The average of the profile is calculated and the average V Y Update Th2 as 10% of the profile's maximum value.

[0042] The decision-making threshold update process will be explained using Fig. 19(b). If there is one or more trials with a result label of Go in each speed range (Yes in step S1903), the threshold setting unit 204 updates the decision-making threshold Th3 (step S1904). Specifically, for example, if there is one or more trials with a result label of Go in each speed range, the V YThe average of the profile is calculated and the average V Y Update Th3 as 10% of the profile's maximum value.

[0043] The exercise stop threshold updating process will be explained with reference to Fig. 19(c). If there is one or more trials with a result label of No-go in each speed range (Yes in step S1905), the threshold setting unit 204 updates the exercise stop threshold Th5 (step S1906). Specifically, for example, if there is one or more trials with a result label of No-go in each speed range, the V corresponding to the No-go is updated. Y The average of the profile is calculated and the average V Y Update to 10% of the profile maximum value or the average V for No-go Y The average value (m) of the profile from 0 ms to 100 ms after the average V Y The value is calculated by adding twice the standard deviation (sd) of the profile (m+2sd).

[0044] Returning to Fig. 17, after the threshold value update process, the feedback device 2 performs the process from step S307 onwards. This concludes the description of the second embodiment.

[0045] [Third embodiment] In Fig. 20, "x" is a graph showing the dependency of judgment accuracy on target speed when a player responds by pressing a button whether the target is "a target that should be hit" or "a target that should not be hit." "●" is a graph showing the dependency of judgment accuracy on target speed when a player responds by observing a hitting motion whether the target is "a target that should be hit" or "a target that should not be hit." Fig. 22 shows that when the degree of freedom of movement of the response motion ("button press" vs. "hit") differs, judgment accuracy differs depending on the set external stimulus arrival time (target speed). This difference is related to the movement cancellation time.

[0046] Even for cognitive judgment ability of a task in which the degree of freedom of movement could not be appropriately set, by calculating the exercise cancellation time, it is possible to appropriately evaluate the cognitive judgment ability during exercise. A functional block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the feedback device 3 according to the third embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 21 is a flowchart explaining an example of the operation of the feedback device 3. In FIG. 21, the evaluation process between step S307 and step S313 differs from that shown in FIG. 3. The explanation will be given using FIGS. 2 and 21.

[0047] The flow up to step S307 is the same as in the first embodiment. <Evaluation 4> The performance evaluation unit 205 of the feedback device 3 calculates the exercise cancellation time for No-go (Evaluation 4, step S311). The flow of Evaluation 4 is as shown in Figure 16(a).

[0048] <Evaluation 6> The performance evaluation unit 205 processes evaluation 6 (step S2101). This will be explained using FIG. 22. The performance evaluation unit 205 acquires the exercise cancellation time (step S2201). This is set to T1. Next, the performance evaluation unit 205 acquires the cognitive judgment ability measured by another device (step S2202). This is set to d'0. The estimated value of cognitive judgment ability is calculated by adding d'0 to the linear expression aT1+c, which uses T1 as a variable. The performance evaluation unit 205 acquires the coefficients a and c (step S2203). Next, the performance evaluation unit 205 calculates the estimated value of cognitive judgment ability d'1 = d'0 + aT1+c (step S2204).

[0049] <Evaluation 5> Returning to Figure 21, the feedback device 3 compares the evaluation of the simulated competition trial with other data recorded in the recording unit (Evaluation 5, step S312).

[0050] The subsequent flow is the same as in the first embodiment. This concludes the description of the third embodiment.

[0051] [Fourth Embodiment] The first to third embodiments have been described using the simulated competition shown in FIG. 1 as an example, but the physical movements targeted by the feedback device are not limited to this. Other sports (such as receiving a serve in tennis or stealing the ball in soccer) may also be targeted, as may machine operation, such as driving a car. For example, in the case of driving a car, "go / no go" may be used as the Go / No-go command, and the strength of the force applied to the brake or the position / speed of the foot may be used instead of the position / speed / acceleration of the hitting cursor. Alternatively, "dodge right / dodge left" may be used as the Go / No-go command, and the steering direction and rotation speed may be used instead of the position / speed / acceleration of the hitting cursor.

[0052] [Supplementary Information] In the first embodiment, d' and C were calculated for each target speed range. However, they may be calculated collectively depending on the player's settings. In the first embodiment, the Go / No-go threshold was described as a "position." However, instead of a position, it may be set to a speed threshold (e.g., 10% of the maximum value of the average speed profile) or an acceleration threshold (e.g., 10% of the maximum value of the average acceleration profile). If a speed threshold or acceleration threshold is used, the threshold may be updated using past trial results. In the first embodiment, the movement start threshold, decision-making threshold, and movement stop threshold were described as "speed." However, instead of speed, they may be set to a position threshold or an acceleration threshold. In the first embodiment, the decision-making threshold Th3 was set to the same value as the movement start threshold Th2. However, a different value may be used depending on the body motion to be evaluated / feedbacked. In the simulated competition in the first embodiment, hand movement information was acquired. However, movement information may also be acquired for any other body part, such as the hips or feet. Furthermore, movement information for multiple body parts may be acquired and used.

[0053] [Program, Recording Medium] The functions realized by the components described in this specification may be implemented in circuitry or processing circuitry, including general-purpose processors, application-specific processors, integrated circuits, ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), CPUs (Central Processing Units), conventional circuits, and / or combinations thereof, programmed to realize the described functions. A processor includes transistors and other circuits and is considered to be circuitry or processing circuitry. A processor may be a programmed processor that executes a program stored in a memory.

[0054] In this specification, a circuitry, unit, or means is hardware that is programmed to realize or performs the described functions, which may be any hardware disclosed herein or any hardware known to be programmed to realize or perform the described functions.

[0055] If the hardware is a processor considered to be a type of circuitry, the circuitry, means, or unit is a combination of the hardware and software used to configure the hardware and / or processor.

[0056] The various processes described above can be implemented by loading a program that executes each step of the above method into the recording unit 2020 of the computer 2000 shown in Figure 23, and operating the control unit 2010, input unit 2030, output unit 2040, display unit 2050, etc.

[0057] The program describing the processing contents can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, which may be, for example, a magnetic recording device, an optical disk, a magneto-optical recording medium, a semiconductor memory, or any other suitable recording medium.

[0058] The program may be distributed by, for example, selling, transferring, lending, etc. portable recording media such as DVDs and CD-ROMs on which the program is recorded. Furthermore, the program may be stored in a storage device of a server computer, and then transferred from the server computer to other computers via a network, thereby distributing the program.

[0059] A computer that executes such a program may first temporarily store the program recorded on a portable recording medium or transferred from a server computer in its own storage device. Then, when executing a process, the computer reads the program stored on its own recording medium and executes the process in accordance with the read program. Alternatively, the computer may read the program directly from a portable recording medium and execute the process in accordance with the program. Furthermore, the computer may execute the process in accordance with the program each time a program is transferred from a server computer to the computer. Alternatively, the server computer may not transfer the program to the computer, but may instead execute the process through a so-called ASP (Application Service Provider) service, which realizes the processing function by issuing an execution instruction and obtaining the results. Furthermore, the server computer may execute the process at the terminal using a so-called SaaS (Software as a Service) service, which allows users to use part of a server computer along with the program. In this embodiment, the program includes information used for processing by an electronic computer that is equivalent to a program (such as data that is not a direct instruction to a computer but has properties that dictate computer processing).

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the device is configured by executing a predetermined program on a computer, but at least a part of the processing contents may be realized by hardware.

[0061] 1, 2, 3 Feedback device 201 External information acquisition unit 202 Exercise information acquisition unit 203 Information presentation unit 204 Threshold setting unit 205 Performance evaluation unit 206 Go / No-go judgment unit 207 Recording unit 2000 Computer 2010 Control unit 2020 Recording unit 2030 Input unit 2040 Output unit 2050 Display unit

Claims

1. A device for training physical movements involving cognitive judgment, which evaluates a user's cognitive judgment and physical movements and presents the results to the user, wherein the user makes either judgment 1 or judgment 2 regarding the subject of said cognitive judgment and performs a physical movement (trial), and the feedback device comprises: an external information acquisition unit that acquires information about the cognitive judgment subject; an exercise information acquisition unit that acquires information about said physical movement; and a judgment unit that, based on the information about the cognitive judgment subject and the information about the physical movement, determines whether the user made judgment 1 or judgment 2 and whether the judgment result was correct or incorrect.

2. A feedback device according to claim 1, comprising an evaluation unit that calculates the accuracy and bias of the user's judgment using the accuracy rate of judgment 1 and the accuracy rate of judgment 2.

3. A feedback device according to claim 1, comprising an evaluation unit that calculates the time when the physical exercise started and the time when the first or second judgment was made.

4. A feedback device according to claim 1, comprising an evaluation unit that, when the physical movement based on said judgment 1 is an active movement and the physical movement based on said judgment 2 is a passive movement, classifies said passive movement using the correctness or incorrectness of said judgment 2.

5. A feedback device according to claim 1, comprising an evaluation unit that determines that the physical movement based on said judgment 2 is a passive movement and calculates the time when the physical movement was stopped in the trial in which said judgment 2 is the correct answer.

6. A feedback device according to claim 5, comprising a second evaluation unit that acquires the accuracy of the user's judgment (external accuracy information) measured by another device, and corrects the external accuracy information using the time when the physical exercise was stopped.

7. A feedback method for training physical exercise involving cognitive judgment, in which a user's cognitive judgment and physical exercise are evaluated and presented to the user, wherein the user makes either judgment 1 or judgment 2 regarding the subject of cognitive judgment and performs physical exercise, an external information acquisition unit acquires information on the subject of cognitive judgment, an exercise information acquisition unit acquires information on the physical exercise, and a judgment unit distinguishes whether the user made judgment 1 or judgment 2 and whether the judgment result was correct or incorrect, based on the information on the subject of cognitive judgment and the information on the physical exercise.

8. A program for causing a computer to function as the feedback device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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