Cold start system and method, and electric vehicle

Abstract

A cold start system and method and an electric vehicle. The cold start system (100) comprises a main energy supply module (110), a conversion module (120), a pulse module (130), and a start-up energy supply module (140). The main energy supply module (110) is configured to provide a first electric signal; the conversion module (120) is electrically connected to the main energy supply module (110) and is configured to convert the first electric signal into a second electric signal, a voltage value of the second electric signal being less than a voltage value of the first electric signal; the pulse module (130) is electrically connected to the conversion module (120) and is configured to convert the second electric signal into a pulse signal; and the start-up energy supply module (140) is electrically connected to the pulse module (130) and is configured to receive the pulse signal to work under the action of the pulse signal. The cold start system (100) can greatly improve the cold starting capability of the start-up energy supply module.

Description

A cold start system, method and electric vehicle

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024208953550, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on April 26, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a cold start system, method, and electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] In cold weather or low-temperature environments, the internal resistance of the low-voltage battery in an electric vehicle increases due to the drop in temperature, causing a sudden drop in the cold-start power of the 12V starting power supply, which may prevent the electric vehicle from starting. Technical issues

[0004] In the relevant solutions, a heating film is used to heat the low-voltage battery. However, the heating film heats up very slowly and consumes the power of the 12V starting power supply, which further reduces the cold start capability of the 12V starting power supply. Technical solutions

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a cold start system, comprising:

[0006] The main power supply module is configured to provide the first electrical signal;

[0007] A conversion module is electrically connected to the main power supply module. The conversion module is configured to convert the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal, wherein the voltage value of the second electrical signal is less than the voltage value of the first electrical signal.

[0008] A pulse module, electrically connected to the conversion module, is configured to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal;

[0009] The power supply module is started and electrically connected to the pulse module. The power supply module is configured to receive the pulse signal and operate under the action of the pulse signal.

[0010] Secondly, this application also provides an electric vehicle including the cold start system described above.

[0011] Thirdly, this application also provides a cold start method, comprising: providing a first electrical signal through a main functional module;

[0012] The first electrical signal is converted into a second electrical signal by a conversion module, wherein the voltage value of the second electrical signal is less than the voltage value of the first electrical signal;

[0013] The second electrical signal is converted into a pulse signal by a pulse module;

[0014] The power supply module receives the pulse signal and operates under the action of the pulse signal. Beneficial effects

[0015] The beneficial effects of the cold start system, method, and electric vehicle provided in this application are:

[0016] The conversion module can convert the high-voltage first electrical signal provided by the main power supply module into a low-voltage second electrical signal that can adapt to the startup power supply module. The pulse module can convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal and charge the startup power supply module. Since the pulse signal has a large current, the large current pulse signal can quickly charge the startup power supply module and increase the SOC value of the startup power supply module. It can also increase the temperature of the startup power supply module in a short time, which can greatly improve the cold start capability of the startup power supply module.

[0017] Furthermore, the cold start system of this application can use the main power supply module of the high-voltage power battery module on the electric vehicle to charge the starting power supply module. The cold start system does not need to rely on an external power source, which can greatly improve the applicability of the cold start system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the cold start system provided in this application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram comparing the cold start capabilities of the cold start system provided in this application with those of related heating film heating solutions;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a pulse module provided in this application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of several waveforms of the pulse signal generated by the pulse module provided in this application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the cold start system provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the electric vehicle provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the electric vehicle provided in this application.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 10. Electric vehicles; 100. Cold start system; 200. Starting device; 300. Power unit; 110. Main power supply module; 120. Conversion module; 130. Pulse module; 140. Starting power supply module; 150. Power distribution module; 131. Switch control module; 132. Rectifier and filter module; 133. Current limiting module. Embodiments of the present invention

[0027] When the ambient temperature is too low, electric vehicles may fail to start. This is mainly because as the temperature drops, the internal resistance of the 12V starting power supply inside the electric vehicle increases, causing a sharp drop in the power of the 12V starting power supply during a cold start (a cold start of a vehicle refers to starting the power supply directly without preheating), making it impossible to operate.

[0028] One related technology involves using a heating film to heat the 12V startup power supply, thereby improving its cold start capability. However, the heating film heats up very slowly and consumes power from the 12V startup power supply, which further reduces its cold start capability.

[0029] Another approach to related technologies involves DC charging the 12V starting power supply to increase its remaining capacity (State of Charge, or SOC), thereby improving the battery's cold-start capability. However, to prevent lithium plating (lithium plating is a loss condition in lithium-ion batteries that occurs during charging; when lithium ions escape from the positive electrode and move to the negative electrode, if the space for lithium intercalation in the negative electrode is insufficient, the resistance to lithium ion intercalation is too great, or the lithium ions escape from the positive electrode too quickly and cannot intercalate into the negative electrode in equal quantities, these unintercalated lithium ions will gain electrons on the surface of the negative electrode, forming metallic lithium, i.e., lithium plating), the charging current of the 12V starting power supply is very small at low temperatures, requiring a long time to increase the battery's SOC and improve its cold-start capability.

[0030] This application provides a cold start system 100, which can quickly and safely improve the cold start capability of a 12V starting power supply through a pulse signal.

[0031] Referring to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of a cold start system 100 provided in this application, the cold start system 100 includes a main power supply module 110, a conversion module 120, a pulse module 130, and a start-up power supply module 140.

[0032] The main power supply module 110 is configured to provide a first electrical signal. A conversion module 120 is electrically connected to the main power supply module 110 and is configured to convert the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal. The voltage value of the second electrical signal is lower than that of the first electrical signal, and the second electrical signal can be a low-voltage DC signal. A pulse module 130 is electrically connected to the conversion module 120 and is configured to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal. A start-up power supply module 140 is electrically connected to the pulse module 130 and is configured to receive the pulse signal transmitted by the pulse module 130 to operate under the influence of the pulse signal. In some implementations, this operation mainly refers to the state where the start-up power supply module 140 can output at a specific power condition.

[0033] It is understood that the first electrical signal provided by the main power supply module 110 can be a high-voltage DC signal, and the main power supply module 110 can be, but is not limited to, a high-voltage power battery module. The second electrical signal converted by the conversion module 120 can be a low-voltage DC signal, and the conversion module 120 can be a DC-DC converter.

[0034] The voltage value of the second electrical signal can be within the input voltage range required for the startup power supply module 140. The conversion module 120 can convert the high-voltage signal provided by the main power supply module 110 into the low-voltage signal required for the startup power supply module 140. For example, in some implementations, the main power supply module 110 can provide a high-voltage signal of 400 volts (V) to 800V (e.g., 400V, 600V, or 800V), and the startup power supply module 140 can be a 12V startup power supply. The DC-DC converter can convert the 400V to 800V high-voltage signal into a low-voltage signal of 9V to 16V (e.g., 9V, 10V, 12V, 14V, or 16V), so that the main power supply module 110 can provide energy to the 12V startup power supply (i.e., the startup power supply module 140) and charge the 12V startup power supply (i.e., the startup power supply module 140).

[0035] It is understandable that the pulse signal provided by the pulse module 130 is a discrete signal, which is continuously emitted at a certain voltage amplitude and a certain time interval. The time interval between two adjacent pulse signals is called the period; the number of pulses generated per unit time (e.g., 1 second) is called the frequency.

[0036] In this embodiment, the pulse module 130 converts low-voltage DC power into a pulse signal. Due to the periodic characteristics of the pulse signal, the pulse module 130 can provide a pulse signal in the form of a large current and power the start-up power supply module 140. Thus, the pulse module 130 can charge the start-up power supply module 140 in a short time and also raise the temperature of the start-up power supply module 140 in a short time, which greatly improves the cold start performance of the start-up power supply module 140.

[0037] It is understandable that the start-up power supply module 140 is the main module for cold starting the electric vehicle 10. At low temperatures, due to the relatively high internal resistance of the start-up power supply module 140, it cannot achieve the output of specific power conditions, thus preventing the start-up power supply module 140 from starting. However, the low-temperature pulse charging scheme of this application embodiment can raise the temperature of the start-up power supply module 140 in a short time, and its temperature rise rate is 5 to 10 times (e.g., 5 times, 6 times, 7 times, 8 times, 9 times, or 10 times) that of the heating film heating scheme. Moreover, the low-temperature pulse charging scheme of this application can also quickly increase the SOC of the start-up power supply module 140.

[0038] For example, please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram comparing the cold start capability of the cold start system 100 provided in this application with that of the heating film heating method in related technologies. As shown in Figure 2, the cold start system 100 of this application, which supplies power to the start-up power supply module 140 via a pulse signal, requires approximately 3 to 5 minutes (e.g., 3, 4, or 5 minutes) to start the power supply module 140 at -30°C, and approximately 10 to 20 minutes (e.g., 10, 15, or 20 minutes) to start the power supply module 140 at -40°C. In contrast, the heating film heating method in related technologies requires approximately 30 to 60 minutes (e.g., 30, 40, 50, or 60 minutes) to start the power supply module 140 at -30°C, and the power supply module 140 is basically unable to start at -40°C. Comparing the two methods, it is clear that the method of charging the start-up power supply module 140 via a pulse signal in this application can greatly improve the cold start capability of the start-up power supply module 140.

[0039] It is understood that in some implementations, the main power supply module 110, conversion module 120, and starting power supply module 140 of this application can all be part of the structure of the electric vehicle 10. The cold start system 100 is applied in the electric vehicle 10, and the cold start system 100 of this application can reuse the main power supply module 110, conversion module 120, and starting power supply module 140 of the electric vehicle 10. The main power supply module 110, as a high-voltage power battery module, can provide energy to the electric motor, engine, and other power devices of the electric vehicle 10 (e.g., power device 300 described later), and can also charge the starting power supply module 140 of the cold start system 100. The conversion module 120 converts the high-voltage signal provided by the main power supply module 110 into a low-voltage signal, which can provide energy to other modules of the electric vehicle 10, and can also provide energy to the starting power supply module 140 of the cold start system 100. The starting power supply module 140 can supply power to the low-voltage starting system of the electric vehicle 10, and can also be used as a component of the cold start system 100 to receive charging from the main power supply module 110.

[0040] The cold start system 100 of this application embodiment includes a conversion module 120 that converts a high-voltage first signal provided by the main power supply module 110 into a low-voltage second electrical signal adaptable to the starting power supply module 140. A pulse module 130 converts this second electrical signal into a pulse signal to charge the starting power supply module 140. Since the pulse signal has a large current, the high-current pulse signal can quickly charge the starting power supply module 140 and increase its SOC value, and can also raise its temperature in a short time, greatly improving the cold start capability of the starting power supply module 140. Furthermore, the cold start system 100 of this application can utilize the main power supply module 110 of the high-voltage power battery module integrated into the electric vehicle 10 to charge the starting power supply module 140. The cold start system 100 does not rely on an external power source, greatly improving its applicability.

[0041] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of one structure of the pulse module 130 provided in this application. The pulse module 130 includes a switch control module 131, a rectification and filtering module 132, and a current limiting module 133.

[0042] A switch control module 131 is electrically connected to a conversion module 120. The switch control module 131 is configured to switch between an open state and a closed state to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal. A rectifier and filter module 132 is electrically connected to the switch control module 131. The rectifier and filter module 132 is configured to tune the waveform of the pulse signal. A current limiting module 133 is electrically connected to the rectifier and filter module 132. The current limiting module 133 is configured to control the current parameters of the pulse signal so that the current voltage of the power supply module 140 does not exceed the upper limit voltage.

[0043] It is understood that the switch control module 131 is electrically connected to the conversion module 120 and receives the second electrical signal transmitted by the conversion module 120. The switch control module 131 includes a switch circuit and a control circuit, which are connected to both the switch circuit and the conversion module. The control circuit can control the opening and closing of the switch circuit to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal. Furthermore, the control circuit can affect the frequency of the pulse signal by controlling the opening and closing frequency of the switch circuit. In some implementations, the switch control module 131 can control the frequency of the pulse signal to be between 100 Hz and 1500 Hz. Further, the frequency of the pulse signal can be controlled to be between 300 Hz and 900 Hz. For example, the switch control module 131 can control the frequency of the pulse signal to be 100 Hz, 300 Hz, 500 Hz, 700 Hz, or 900 Hz.

[0044] The switch control module 131 of this application embodiment controls the frequency of the pulse signal. The pulse module 130 can generate a continuous high-frequency pulse current, which can quickly charge the start-up power supply module 140 and also prevent lithium plating when the start-up power supply module 140 is charged at low temperature.

[0045] It is understood that the control circuit can also control the interval between the opening and closing of the switching circuit to control the duty cycle of the pulse signal. The duty cycle of the pulse signal refers to the ratio of the closing time (also the conduction time) of the switching circuit to the total period (one pulse period). In some embodiments, the switch control module 131 can control the duty cycle of the pulse signal to be between 1:5 and 1:1. For example, the switch control module 131 can control the duty cycle of the pulse signal to be 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, or 1:5. In the embodiments of this application, the switch control module 131 controls the duty cycle of the pulse signal, making it easier for the pulse module 130 to generate continuous high-frequency pulse current.

[0046] It is understood that the rectifier-filter module 132 can be, but is not limited to, a rectifier / filter module, and the rectifier-filter module 132 can adjust the waveform of the pulse signal. Specifically, the rectifier-filter module 132 can fine-tune a specific waveform (e.g., the amplitude of the waveform). For example, when the pulse signal output by the pulse module 130 is a sine wave pulse signal, the rectifier-filter module 132 can adjust the pulse amplitude of the sine wave pulse signal.

[0047] The rectifier-filter module 132 can also integrate waveform transformation circuits such as an amplification unit and a differential operation unit, enabling it to adjust the waveform of the pulse signal. For example, in some implementations, please refer to Figure 4, which shows several waveform diagrams of the pulse signal generated by the pulse module 130 provided in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 4(a), the rectifier-filter module 132 adjusts the pulse signal to a sine wave pulse signal under the action of the waveform transformation circuit; or, as shown in Figure 4(b), the rectifier-filter module 132 adjusts the pulse signal to a triangular wave pulse signal under the action of the waveform transformation circuit; or, as shown in Figure 4(c), the rectifier-filter module 132 adjusts the pulse signal to a square wave pulse signal under the action of the waveform transformation circuit; or, as shown in Figure 4(d), the rectifier-filter module 132 adjusts the pulse signal to a rectangular pulse signal under the action of the waveform transformation circuit. When the pulse signal is a sine wave pulse signal, the current magnitude of the pulse signal can be changed slowly, making the current of the pulse signal easier to control. When the pulse signal is a triangular wave pulse signal, the pulse signal can rise to its highest point in a very short time, which greatly improves the efficiency of the pulse signal in supplying power to the startup power supply module 140. When the pulse signal is a square wave pulse signal or a rectangular pulse signal, the amplitude of the pulse signal remains constant throughout the entire cycle, the waveform is stable, and the pulse signal charges the startup power supply module 140 more stably.

[0048] In some implementations, when the starting power supply module 140 has a low charge level (e.g., the SOC of the starting power supply module 140 is less than or equal to 30%) and can be in a charging state, the rectifier filter module 132 can also filter the reverse discharge pulse current signal when the starting power supply module 140 is in a charging state. For example, the pulse signals shown in Figure 4 are all pulse signals after filtering the reverse discharge pulse current signal.

[0049] It is understandable that when the control circuit controls the switch circuit to be disconnected, the pulse module 130 does not charge the startup power supply module 140. At this time, the startup power supply module 140 may discharge in reverse under the action of the disconnected switch circuit, generating a discharge pulse current signal. The rectifier filter module 132 of this application embodiment filters out the reverse discharge pulse current signal, which can prevent the startup power supply module 140 from discharging and causing its SOC to drop.

[0050] In some implementations, the rectifier filter module 132 can also filter the positive charging pulse current signal when the startup power supply module 140 is fully charged (at this time, the waveform of the pulse signal can be the opposite of the waveform shown in Figure 4). It is understood that some startup power supply modules 140 may fail to start in low-temperature or extremely low-temperature scenarios, even when fully charged (the SOC of the startup power supply module 140 is 100%). In this embodiment, under the action of the rectifier filter module 132, the pulse module 130 can filter out the positive charging pulse signal, causing the startup power supply module 140 to generate a reverse discharge pulse signal. During this process, the reverse discharge pulse signal will heat the startup power supply module 140, which can improve the cold start capability of the startup power supply module 140.

[0051] It is understood that the current limiting module 133 may include, but is not limited to, components such as resistors, diodes, transistors, and transformers. The current limiting module 133 is configured to control the current parameters of the pulse signal to prevent the current voltage of the starting power supply module 140 from exceeding its upper limit charging voltage. Furthermore, when the current voltage of the starting power supply module 140 is less than its upper limit charging voltage, the current limiting module 133 can also keep the current ratio of the starting power supply module 140 between 3C and 10C. For example, the current ratio of the starting power supply module 140 can be 3C, 4C, 5C, 6C, 7C, 8C, 9C, or 10C. In related technologies, in schemes that charge the starting power supply module 140 with DC power, to prevent lithium plating, the current ratio is generally limited to below 0.1C, resulting in a low current and a slow DC charging rate. This application charges the startup power supply module 140 using a pulse signal. The current rate of the startup power supply module 140 can be as high as 3C to 10C, and further up to 5C to 10C. For example, the current rate of the startup power supply module 140 can be 5C, 6C, 7C, 8C, 9C, or 10C. The solution of this application embodiment can greatly improve the charging rate and increase the temperature of the startup power supply module 140, thereby improving the low-temperature cold start capability of the startup power supply module 140. As the SOC of the startup power supply module 140 increases, the charging current of the pulse signal needs to be reduced to prevent the current voltage of the startup power supply module 140 from exceeding the upper limit charging voltage of the startup power supply module 140.

[0052] The pulse module 130 of this application embodiment, through the cooperation of the switch control module 131, the rectifier filter module 132, and the current limiting module 133, can limit parameters such as the frequency, duty cycle, waveform, and current magnitude of the pulse signal. The pulse signal can better charge and heat the start-up power supply module 140, greatly improving the cold start capability of the start-up power supply module 140.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the cold start system 100 provided in this application. The cold start system 100 also includes a power distribution module 150.

[0054] One end of the power distribution module 150 is electrically connected to the main power supply module 110, and the other end is electrically connected to the conversion module 120. The power distribution module 150 is configured to distribute the electrical signals provided by the main power supply module 110 to the conversion module 120. In some implementations, the power distribution module 150 may be a high-voltage distribution box, which is responsible for the power distribution and management of the main power supply module. Through the high-voltage distribution box, the electrical energy of the main power supply module can be transmitted to the conversion module 120.

[0055] Understandably, the power distribution module 150 can allocate a portion of the electrical energy from the main power supply module 110 to the conversion module 120 to generate a pulse signal and charge the start-up power supply module 140. In other implementations, the power distribution module 150 can also allocate other electrical energy from the main power supply module 110 to other modules, such as to the generator, motor, or other power unit 300 of the electric vehicle 10.

[0056] It is understandable that the power distribution module 150 can be an existing component in the electric vehicle 10. In other words, the cold start system 100 of this application can reuse existing components in the electric vehicle 10. The structure of the cold start system 100 is simpler and the production cost is also simpler.

[0057] The cold start system 100 of this application embodiment includes a power distribution module 150, which can manage and distribute the power of the main power supply module 110 to meet the power needs of different modules.

[0058] Based on the structure of the cold start system 100 described above, the cold start system 100 of this application embodiment can solve the bottleneck of low-voltage batteries, such as 12V starting power supplies, in low-temperature conditions, and can further promote the development of new energy vehicles. Compared with the heating film heating scheme and DC charging scheme of related technologies, the cold start system 100 of this application adopts a pulse charging method, which can increase the charging current of the 12V starting power supply (i.e., the starting power supply module 140) 11 by tens of times at low temperatures, thereby rapidly increasing the temperature and SOC of the 12V starting power supply, thus improving the cold start capability of the 12V starting power supply. Furthermore, the cold start system 100 of this application can utilize the main power supply module 110 of the high-voltage power battery module built into the electric vehicle 10 to charge the starting power supply module 140. The cold start system 100 does not need to rely on an external power source, greatly improving the applicability of the cold start system 100.

[0059] Accordingly, this application also provides a cold start method, including: providing a first electrical signal through a main functional module;

[0060] The conversion module converts the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal, the voltage value of the second electrical signal being less than the voltage value of the first electrical signal;

[0061] The second electrical signal is converted into a pulse signal by a pulse module;

[0062] The power supply module receives pulse signals and operates under the influence of these pulse signals.

[0063] In some embodiments, the cold start method of this application further includes:

[0064] The switch control module switches between the open and closed states to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal.

[0065] The waveform of the pulse signal is adjusted by the rectifier and filter module;

[0066] The current parameter of the pulse signal is controlled by the current limiting module to ensure that the voltage at which the power supply module is started does not exceed the upper limit voltage.

[0067] Based on the above-described cold start system 100, please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the electric vehicle 10 provided in this application embodiment. This application embodiment also provides an electric vehicle 10, including the cold start system 100 of any of the above embodiments. This cold start system 100 can convert the high-voltage signal provided by the main power supply module 110 into a low-voltage signal through a conversion module 120 and then into a pulse signal through a pulse module 130. Finally, it uses this pulse signal to charge the starter power supply module 140, thereby improving the cold start capability of the starter power supply module 140.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a second structural schematic diagram of the electric vehicle 10 provided in this embodiment of the application. The electric vehicle 10 may also include a starting device 200 and a power device 300.

[0069] The starting device 200 is electrically connected to the starting power supply module 140, and the starting device 200 is configured to operate under the power supplied by the starting power supply module 140. The starting device 200 can power at least one of the in-vehicle electronic systems of the electric vehicle 10, including the in-vehicle entertainment system, lighting system, and instrument panel system. The starting power supply module 140, for example, a 12V starting power supply, can provide power to the in-vehicle entertainment system, lighting system, instrument panel system, etc. The starting device 200 also includes the starting system of the power unit 300. The main power supply module 110 (i.e., the power battery) of the new energy vehicle does not directly power the power unit 300 for vehicle starting; instead, it typically supplies power to the starting system of the power unit 300 through the starting power supply module 140. Then, the main power supply module 110 powers the power unit 300 to start the engine or activate the electric motor.

[0070] The power unit 300 is electrically connected to at least one of the main power supply module 110 and the power distribution module 150.

[0071] The power unit 300 provides power to the electric vehicle 10 under the action of the main power supply module 110. The power unit 300 can be an engine or an electric motor of the electric vehicle 10. In some implementations, the main power supply module 110 can be directly electrically connected to and supply power to the power unit 300. In other implementations, the power unit 300 can also be electrically connected to the power distribution module 150, which can rationally distribute the electrical energy from the main power supply module 110 to the power unit 300. In still other implementations, the power unit 300 can be electrically connected to either the main power supply module 110 or the power distribution module 150. This application does not limit the scope of these implementations.

[0072] It is understood that the main power supply module 110, power distribution module 150, conversion module 120, and starting power supply module 140 of this application can all be part of the structure of an electric vehicle 10. The main power supply module 110, as a high-voltage power battery module, can provide energy to the electric motor, engine, and other power units 300 of the electric vehicle 10, and can also charge the starting power supply module 140 of the cold start system 100. The power distribution module 150 can distribute the electrical energy from the main power supply module 110 to the conversion module 120 and be configured to enable the cold start function of the starting power supply module 140. The power distribution module 150 can also distribute the electrical energy from the main power supply module 110 to the power unit 300 to start the electric vehicle 10. The conversion module 120 converts the high-voltage signal provided by the main power supply module 110 into a low-voltage signal, which can provide energy to other modules of the electric vehicle 10, and can also provide energy to the starting power supply module 140 of the cold start system 100. The starting power supply module 140 can function as a low-voltage starting system for electric vehicles, or as a component of the cold start system 100 and receive charging from the main power supply module 110.

[0073] It should be noted that the above is merely an exemplary description of the electric vehicle 10 provided in the embodiments of this application. The electric vehicle 10 may also include other components, such as, but not limited to, a frame, tires, dashboard, steering wheel, main control system, and other structures. These will not be elaborated upon here.

[0074] The electric vehicle 10 of this application embodiment can use the main power supply module 110 of the high-voltage power battery module on the electric vehicle 10 to pulse charge the starting power supply module 140, which can quickly improve the cold start capability of the starting power supply module 140 and realize the cold start of the electric vehicle 10 at low temperatures. Moreover, compared with the heating film solution, the solution of this application is safer. At the same time, the cold start system 100 of this application does not need to rely on an external power source, which greatly improves the applicability of the cold start system 100 and makes the operation of the electric vehicle smoother.

[0075] It should be understood that in the description of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish similar objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

Claims

1. A cold start system, characterized in that, include: The main power supply module is configured to provide the first electrical signal; A conversion module is electrically connected to the main power supply module. The conversion module is configured to convert the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal, wherein the voltage value of the second electrical signal is less than the voltage value of the first electrical signal. A pulse module, electrically connected to the conversion module, is configured to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal; The power supply module is activated and electrically connected to the pulse module. The power supply module is configured to receive the pulse signal and operate under the action of the pulse signal.

2. The cold start system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse module includes: A switch control module is electrically connected to the conversion module. The switch control module is configured to switch between an open state and a closed state to convert the second electrical signal into the pulse signal. A rectifier and filter module, electrically connected to the switch control module, is configured to adjust the waveform of the pulse signal; and A current limiting module is electrically connected to the rectifier and filter module. The current limiting module is configured to control the current parameters of the pulse signal so that the voltage of the power supply module does not exceed the upper limit voltage.

3. The cold start system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switch control module includes a switch circuit and a control circuit, and the control circuit is connected to both the switch circuit and the switching module. The control circuit is configured to control the opening and closing of the switching circuit to convert the second electrical signal into the pulse signal.

4. The cold start system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control circuit is also configured to control the frequency at which the switching circuit turns on and off.

5. The cold start system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The control circuit is also configured to control the interval between the opening and closing of the switching circuit to control the duty cycle of the pulse signal.

6. The cold start system according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The switch control module is configured to control the frequency of the pulse signal between 100 Hz and 1500 Hz.

7. The cold start system according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The switch control module is configured to control the frequency of the pulse signal between 300Hz and 900Hz.

8. The cold start system according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The switch control module is configured to control the duty cycle of the pulse signal to be between 1:5 and 1:

1.

9. The cold start system according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that, The rectifier and filter module is configured to adjust the pulse signal to a sine wave pulse signal, a triangular wave pulse signal, a square wave pulse signal, or a rectangular pulse signal.

10. The cold start system according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that, The rectifier and filter module is configured to filter the reverse discharge pulse current signal when the power supply module is in the charging state. The rectifier and filter module is also configured to filter the positive charging pulse current signal when the power supply module is fully charged.

11. The cold start system according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that, The current limiting module is configured to control the current parameters of the pulse signal so that the current ratio of the starting power supply module is between 3C and 10C.

12. The cold start system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The cold start system also includes: A power distribution module, one end of which is electrically connected to the main power supply module and the other end of which is electrically connected to the conversion module, is configured to distribute the electrical signal provided by the main power supply module to the conversion module.

13. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the cold start system as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The electric vehicle according to claim 13, characterized in that, The electric vehicle also includes: A starting device, electrically connected to the starting power supply module, is configured to operate under the influence of an electrical signal provided by the starting power supply module; and A power unit is electrically connected to the main power supply module, and the power unit is configured to provide power to the electric vehicle under the action of the main power supply module.

15. A cold start method, characterized in that, include: The first electrical signal is provided through the main functional module; The first electrical signal is converted into a second electrical signal by a conversion module, wherein the voltage value of the second electrical signal is less than the voltage value of the first electrical signal; The second electrical signal is converted into a pulse signal by a pulse module; The power supply module receives the pulse signal and operates under the action of the pulse signal.

16. The cold start method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: The switch control module switches between the open and closed states to convert the second electrical signal into the pulse signal. The waveform of the pulse signal is adjusted by the rectifier and filter module; The current parameter of the pulse signal is controlled by the current limiting module to ensure that the voltage of the power supply module does not exceed the upper limit voltage.

Images