Building, construction method, construction inspection method, construction testing method, connection means, and building structure

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a building that keeps a rooftop structure from coming off a roof, even when vertically-upward wind force acts on the rooftop structure. [Solution] The present invention relates to a building that comprises a rooftop structure and, in particular, a building that has a connection means for keeping the rooftop structure from coming off a roof against vertically-upward wind force that acts on the rooftop structure. In conventional buildings, it was possible for a rooftop structure to come off a roof when a strong wind force acted on the rooftop structure. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solution that keeps a rooftop structure from coming off a roof, even when vertically-upward wind force acts on the rooftop structure.

Description

Buildings, construction methods, building inspection methods, building test methods, connection means and building structures

[0001] The present invention relates to a building equipped with a roof structure.

[0002] In conventional buildings, when strong winds act on roof structures, there is a risk that the roof structures may become separated from the roof.

[0003] JP 2021-092053 A JP 2023-178042 A

[0004] The roof structures disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 require flat surfaces by their very nature. If such flat surfaces are present, there is a possibility that large forces will be applied to the roof structure when the flat surfaces are exposed to the wind. As a result, there is a possibility that the roof structure will become detached or that the entire roof to which the roof structure is attached will be blown away.

[0005] The present invention solves these problems and provides a building that prevents a roof-mounted structure from coming off the roof even when a vertically upward wind force acts on the roof-mounted structure.

[0006] According to the present invention, a building can be obtained that includes a roof structure having a receiving portion, a roof, and a connecting means for connecting the roof structure to the roof, wherein the connecting means prevents at least the roof structure from coming off the roof when a wind force having a vertical upward component acts on the roof structure.

[0007] According to the present invention, by providing a connection means for connecting a roof structure to a roof, it is possible to prevent the roof structure from coming off the roof even when a vertically upward wind force acts on the roof structure.

[0008] This improves the safety and durability of rooftop structures. Furthermore, the building of the present invention is suitable for delivery of packages by drone, and is expected to contribute to the future development of drone logistics.

[0009] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional building. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a building of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic representation of the state when wind hits the building. FIG. 1 is another diagram showing a schematic representation of the state when wind hits the building. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a building of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of a building of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of a building of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of a building of the present invention.

[0010] The details of the embodiments of the present invention will be listed and explained. The present invention has the following configuration. [Item 1] A building having a roof-mounted structure with a receiving portion, a roof, and connection means for connecting the roof-mounted structure to the roof, wherein the connection means prevents at least the roof-mounted structure from coming off the roof when a wind force having a vertical upward component acts on the roof-mounted structure. [Item 2] The building according to item 1, wherein the receiving portion has a horizontal surface on which an object can be placed. [Item 3] The building according to item 1, wherein the receiving portion has a concave surface. [Item 4] The building according to item 1, wherein the receiving portion has a convex surface. [Item 5] The building according to item 1, wherein the receiving portion has a retraction portion that can retract an object into the roof. [Item 6] The building according to item 1, wherein the connection means is connected to at least a beam. [Item 7] The building according to item 1, wherein the connection means is connected to at least the girder. [Item 8] The building according to item 1, wherein the connection means is connected to at least the purlin. [Item 9] The building according to item 1, wherein the connection means is connected to at least the beam. [Item 10] The building according to item 1, wherein the connection means is connected to at least the rafter. [Item 11] The building according to item 1, wherein the connection means is fixed to at least the roof material, and the roof material is connected to at least one of a beam, a girder, a purlin, a beam, or a rafter. [Item 12] The building according to item 1, wherein the roof structure is at least partially located outside the roof when viewed from above, and the connection means is connected to a column. [Item 13] The building according to item 1, wherein the connection means connects the roof structure and the main body in an expandable and contractible manner. [Item 14] The building according to item 1, wherein the connection means controls the attitude of the roof structure in accordance with wind force acting on the roof structure.[Item 15] The building according to item 1, further comprising auxiliary connection means connecting the roof and the main body to prevent the roof from at least partially detaching from the main body when a wind force having a vertically upward component acts on the roof structure. [Item 16] The building according to item 1, wherein the roof has a sloped portion, and the receiving portion is located on the sloped portion. [Item 17] A building having at least a port having a horizontal receiving surface for receiving loads from above, a roof having a sloped portion, a main body, and connection means, wherein the connection means connects the port to at least one of a beam, a girder, a purlin, a post, or a rafter, thereby preventing at least the port from detaching from the roof when a wind force having a vertically upward component acts on the port. [Item 18] The building according to Item 11, further comprising auxiliary connection means connecting the roof and the main body to prevent at least a portion of the roof from coming off the main body when a wind force having a vertically upward component acts on the port. [Item 19] A construction method for a building having at least a port having a horizontal receiving surface for receiving loads from above, a roof having a sloped portion, and a main body, connecting the port to at least one of a beam, girder, purlin, post, or rafter to prevent at least the port from coming off the roof when a wind force having a vertically upward component acts on the port. [Item 20] A construction inspection method for a building having at least a port having a horizontal receiving surface for receiving loads from above, a roof having a sloped portion, and a main body, inspecting whether the port is connected to at least one of a beam, girder, purlin, post, or rafter to prevent at least the port from coming off the roof when a wind force having a vertically upward component acts on the port.[Item 21] A building testing method for a building having at least a port with a horizontal receiving surface for receiving loads from above, a roof with a sloped portion, and a main body, comprising the steps of connecting the port to at least one of a beam, girder, purlin, beam, or rafter, applying a wind force having a vertically upward component to the port, and measuring the critical wind force at which the port detaches from the roof. [Item 22] A building to which connection means for connecting a roof-mounted structure having a receiving portion can be attached, wherein the connection means at least prevents the roof-mounted structure from detaching when a wind force having a vertically upward component acts on the roof-mounted structure. [Item 23] A building having connection means for connecting a roof-mounted structure having a receiving portion, wherein the connection means at least prevents the roof-mounted structure from detaching when a wind force having a vertically upward component acts on the roof-mounted structure. [Item 24] A connection means for connecting a roof structure having a receiving portion to a building, wherein the connection means prevents at least the roof structure from coming off the main body when a wind force having a vertically upward component acts on the roof structure. [Item 25] A building structural body having a roof structure having a receiving portion and connection means for connecting the roof structure to a building, wherein the connection means prevents at least the roof structure from coming off the building when a wind force having a vertically upward component acts on the roof structure.

[0011] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] <Overview>

[0013] The present invention relates to a building equipped with a roof structure, and in particular to a building having a connecting means for preventing the roof structure from coming off the roof due to vertical upward wind forces acting on the roof structure.

[0014] In conventional buildings, when a strong wind acts on a roof structure, there is a possibility that the roof structure may come off the roof. The present invention aims to solve this problem and prevent the roof structure from coming off the roof even when a vertically upward wind force acts on the roof structure.

[0015] As shown in Figure 1, in order to reduce the force of wind hitting a roof-mounted structure S, it is possible to install it parallel to the slope of the roof 110. With this structure, wind W1 blowing from the side hits the surface of the roof-mounted structure and acts in a direction that presses the roof-mounted structure against the roof. Furthermore, because the roof-mounted structure is parallel to the slope of the roof, it is possible to prevent a large force from being applied in a direction that would cause the roof-mounted structure to come off when wind W2 blows up from below along the roof.

[0016] However, as shown in Figure 2, the roof-mounted structure (drone port, etc.) 200 on which cargo is placed has, by its very nature, a flat surface on which unmanned aerial vehicles can land and on which cargo carried by the unmanned aerial vehicles can be placed. In this case, wind W3 blowing upward along the roof may hit the roof-mounted structure 200, causing the roof-mounted structure 200 to come off the roof 110 together with the connection part 300.

[0017] Furthermore, if the connection between the roof 110 and the main body 120 is not strong, there is a possibility that the entire roof 110 may come off, as shown in FIG.

[0018] As shown in Figure 5, a building 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention has a port (roof-mounted structure) 200 having a horizontal receiving surface 202 for receiving cargo from above by an unmanned aerial vehicle or the like, a roof 110 having a sloped portion, a main body 120, and a connection means 300.

[0019] The connection means 300 according to this embodiment connects the port 200 to at least one of the beams, girders, purlins, posts, or rafters of the building 100 by means of member 310. This configuration prevents the port 200 from coming off the roof 110 (see FIG. 3 ) even when wind W3 having a vertically upward component acts on the port 200. In other words, the connection member 310 is fixed with enough strength to prevent the port 200 from coming off the roof 110 even when wind W3 having a vertically upward component acts on the port 200.

[0020] In addition, in this embodiment, an auxiliary connection means 320 is further provided to connect the roof 110 to the main body portion 120 in order to prevent the roof 110 from coming off at least from the main body portion 120 (see Figure 4) when wind W3 acts on the port 200.

[0021] <Concave Receiving Portion> In the building according to this embodiment, the receiving portion 203 of the roof structure has a concave surface, as shown in Fig. 6. This concave surface has a shape such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon when viewed from above, and is formed so that its central portion is lower than its peripheral portion.

[0022] Specifically, the concave surface of the receiving part has a curve that gradually becomes higher from the center to the periphery, and the curvature of the curved surface is set appropriately depending on the size and application of the receiving part. For example, if the diameter of the receiving part is 1 m, it is preferable that the difference in height between the center and periphery is set to about 10 cm.

[0023] In the case of the receiving portion 203 having such a concave surface, luggage placed on the receiving portion gathers in the center due to its own weight. This prevents luggage from concentrating on the peripheral edges of the receiving portion, improving the stability of the luggage. In particular, this effectively prevents luggage from falling from the receiving portion during strong winds or earthquakes.

[0024] Furthermore, in a receiving part having a concave surface, water such as rainwater gathers in the center, so the drainage means can be concentrated in one place in the receiving part 203. This improves drainage from the receiving part, and prevents corrosion and deterioration of the receiving part.

[0025] 7, in the building of this embodiment, the receiving portion 204 of the roof structure has a convex surface. This convex surface has a shape such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon when viewed from above, and is formed so that its central portion is higher than its peripheral portion.

[0026] Specifically, the convex surface of the receiving part has a curve that gradually becomes lower from the center to the periphery, and the curvature of the curved surface is set appropriately depending on the size and application of the receiving part. For example, if the diameter of the receiving part is 1 m, it is preferable that the difference in height between the center and periphery is set to about 10 cm.

[0027] It is believed that a receiving portion having such a convex surface can reduce the hover effect of downwash caused by an unmanned aerial vehicle. That is, when an unmanned aerial vehicle hovers (stationary in the air), a downward airflow is generated by the propulsion system of the unmanned aerial vehicle. This airflow is called downwash and affects objects below the unmanned aerial vehicle. In particular, when an unmanned aerial vehicle hovers above a flat surface, the downwash generates turbulence on the flat surface, resulting in a hover effect that destabilizes the attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0028] However, by making the receiving part convex upward, as in this embodiment, this hover effect can be reduced. A convex receiving part distributes downwash toward the peripheral edges of the receiving part, suppressing the generation of turbulence in the center of the receiving part. This stabilizes the attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle when it hovers above the receiving part, enabling more precise position control.

[0029] Furthermore, because the convex receiving part allows downwash to flow outward, the unmanned aerial vehicle is less affected by downwash when approaching the receiving part, which improves safety and enables a smooth landing when the unmanned aerial vehicle lands on the receiving part.

[0030] Furthermore, with a convex support, the wind pressure from downwash is dispersed to the periphery of the support, so the wind pressure acting on the entire support is smaller than with a flat support. This reduces the requirements for the structural strength of the support, allowing for a lighter, more economical design.

[0031] Furthermore, the convex surface of the receiving part allows rainwater and other moisture to flow toward the periphery, allowing the moisture to be efficiently discharged to the outside of the receiving part. This prevents moisture from accumulating in the receiving part and suppresses corrosion and deterioration of the receiving part. This is particularly effective in preventing large amounts of moisture from accumulating in the receiving part during strong winds or heavy rain.

[0032] 8, in the building 100 according to this embodiment, the receiving portion of the roof structure 200 has a retraction portion 400 that can retract an object into the roof. This retraction portion is configured to include an opening provided in the floor surface of the receiving portion, an opening / closing door for opening and closing the opening, and a drive device for driving the opening / closing door.

[0033] Specifically, the opening of the retraction section is formed as a rectangular or circular hole in the floor surface of the receiving section, and its size is set appropriately depending on the size of the object to be transported. An opening / closing door (not shown) is provided to cover the opening and is opened and closed by a drive unit. The opening / closing door is formed in a rectangular or circular shape to match the shape of the opening, and is made of a material with excellent strength and durability, such as metal, resin, or wood.

[0034] The drive unit is composed of an electrical drive source such as an electric motor or linear actuator, and a mechanical transmission mechanism such as a rack and pinion mechanism or ball screw mechanism. The drive unit opens and closes the door based on signals from a control device installed inside the building.

[0035] To explain how the retraction unit works, first, when an object is placed on the receiving unit, the control device sends a door open signal to the drive device. When the drive device receives the door open signal, the door opens, exposing the opening. Next, the transport device installed below the opening is activated, and the object is retracted into the building through the opening. Once the object has been retracted, the control device sends a door close signal to the drive device, and the door closes.

[0036] A receiving unit with a retractable section also offers security benefits, as it allows objects placed on the receiving unit to be stored out of sight. This prevents theft and tampering from outside when receiving valuables or confidential items. Furthermore, a receiving unit with a retractable section allows objects placed on the receiving unit to be quickly brought indoors, ensuring safe storage even during inclement weather. This protects objects from sudden rain or strong winds, preventing damage or loss.

[0037] <Method for connecting roof structures> In the building of this embodiment, the connection means for connecting the roof structure to the roof is connected to at least one of a beam, girder, purlin, beam, rafter, or reinforced roof material.

[0038] <Beams> Beams are the main structural members for supporting the roof, and can effectively support the load from the roof structure. Specifically, the connection means includes a plurality of connection members extending vertically from the underside of the roof structure, and a base plate attached horizontally to the lower ends of these connection members. The base plate is placed on the upper surface of the beam and fixed to the beam with fasteners such as bolts and nuts.

[0039] The connecting members are made of high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloy, and their cross-sectional shapes can be selected from a variety of shapes, including circular, rectangular, and H-shaped. The number and placement of connecting members are determined appropriately according to the size and shape of the roof structure. For example, placing connecting members at the four corners of the roof structure can increase the stability of the roof structure.

[0040] By using such a connection means, the load from the roof structure to the beams is reliably transferred, improving the stability of the roof structure. In particular, even in the event of an external force such as an earthquake or strong wind, the roof structure is firmly fixed to the beams by the connection means, preventing the roof structure from falling over or falling off the roof.

[0041] Furthermore, connecting the connection means to the beams increases the flexibility of the installation location of the roof structure. Because the beams are arranged in a grid pattern on the underside of the roof, roof structures can be installed in various positions, such as at their intersections or midpoints. This allows for more effective use of the space on the roof and makes it possible to efficiently install multiple roof structures.

[0042] Furthermore, connecting the connection means to the beams improves the ease of construction of the roof structure. Because the beams are part of the roof structure, the connection means can be installed in parallel with the construction of the roof. This reduces the time and effort required to install the roof structure, shortening the construction period and reducing costs.

[0043] <Girder> Like beams, girders are the main structural members for supporting a roof, and can effectively support the load from the roof structure.

[0044] Specifically, the connection means comprises a plurality of connection members extending vertically from the underside of the roof structure and a base plate attached horizontally to the lower ends of these connection members. The base plate is placed on the top or side of the girder and fixed to the girder with fasteners such as bolts and nuts.

[0045] The connecting members are made of high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloy, and their cross-sectional shapes can be selected from a variety of shapes, including circular, rectangular, and H-shaped. The number and arrangement of connecting members are determined appropriately according to the size and shape of the roof structure. For example, by arranging connecting members at equal intervals along the length of the roof structure, the rigidity of the roof structure in the lengthwise direction can be increased.

[0046] The base plate has a larger cross-sectional area than the connecting member, ensuring a larger contact area with the girder, thereby distributing the load. Like the connecting member, the base plate is made of a high-strength material such as steel or aluminum alloy. The shape of the base plate is formed into a rectangular or L-shape to match the shape of the girder.

[0047] By using such a connection means, the load from the roof structure to the girders is reliably transferred, improving the stability of the roof structure. In particular, even if the roof structure is long or an eccentric load is applied, the roof structure is firmly fixed to the girders by the connection means, preventing deformation or damage to the roof structure.

[0048] Furthermore, connecting the connection means to the girders makes it easier to adjust the installation position of the roof structure. Because the girders are arranged on the underside of the roof at a finer pitch than the beams, the attachment position of the connection means can be finely adjusted. This allows the installation position of the roof structure to be freely changed, enabling flexible use of the space on the roof.

[0049] Furthermore, connecting the connection means to the girders makes it easier to maintain the roof structure. Because the girders are exposed on the underside of the roof, the condition of the connection means can be easily checked. This allows defects such as loosening or damage to the connection means to be discovered early and appropriate measures to be taken. Furthermore, replacement or reinforcement of the connection means can be done without removing the roof structure, improving maintainability.

[0050] <Purlin> The purlin is a diagonal member that makes up the roof and is placed on top of the girders to form the roof slope. The purlin supports the roofing material and also plays a role in transmitting the load from the roof structure to the girders. Specifically, the connection means comprises multiple connection members that extend diagonally downward from the underside of the roof structure, and fixing devices attached to the lower ends of these connection members. The fixing devices are attached to the side or top of the purlin and are fixed to the purlin with bolts, screws, etc.

[0051] The connecting members are made of high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloy, and their cross-sectional shapes can be selected from a variety of shapes, including circular, rectangular, and L-shaped. The number and placement of connecting members are determined appropriately according to the size and shape of the roof structure. For example, by placing connecting members diagonally downward from the four corners of the roof structure, the horizontal and vertical stability of the roof structure can be increased.

[0052] The fasteners are attached to the ends of the connecting members by welding, bolting, or other methods. The fasteners are shaped like L-shapes or U-shapes to match the shape of the purlin. As with the connecting members, high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloys are selected for the fasteners.

[0053] By using such a connection means, the load from the roof structure to the main building is transferred reliably, improving the stability of the roof structure. In particular, even when the roof slope is steep or an eccentric load acts on the roof structure, the connection means firmly fastens the roof structure to the main building, preventing the roof structure from sliding or tipping over.

[0054] In addition, connecting the connection means to the main structure improves the ease of construction of the roof structure. Because the main structure is installed when the roof is constructed, the connection means can be installed at the same time. This reduces the time and effort required to install the roof structure, shortening construction time and reducing costs.

[0055] <Beam> Beams are members that stand vertically from beams and girders, and play a role in supporting the purlins and rafters. Beams are one of the elements that make up the roof truss, and act as a path for transmitting the load from the roof structure to the beams and girders.

[0056] Specifically, the connection means includes a plurality of connection members extending vertically from the underside of the roof-top structure and a base plate attached horizontally to the lower ends of these connection members. The base plate is placed on the top surface of the bundle and fixed to the bundle with fasteners such as bolts and nuts.

[0057] The connecting members are made of high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloy, and their cross-sectional shapes can be selected from a variety of shapes, including circular, rectangular, and H-shaped. The number and placement of connecting members are determined appropriately according to the size and shape of the roof structure. For example, by placing a connecting member directly below the center of gravity of the roof structure, the load of the roof structure can be efficiently transferred to the beams.

[0058] The base plate has a larger cross-sectional area than the connecting member, ensuring a larger contact area with the bundle, thereby distributing the load. As with the connecting member, the base plate is made of a high-strength material such as steel or aluminum alloy. The shape of the base plate is formed into a square, rectangular, or other shape to match the shape of the bundle.

[0059] By using such a connection means, the load from the roof structure to the beams is transferred reliably, improving the stability of the roof structure. In particular, even if the roof structure is heavy or there is a large vertical load such as snow load, the roof structure can be prevented from sinking or collapsing because the connection means firmly fastens the roof structure to the beams.

[0060] Furthermore, by connecting the connecting means to the bundles, the installation height of the rooftop structure can be easily adjusted. The bundles can be installed freely in the height direction of the roof, so by changing the installation position of the connecting means up or down, the height of the rooftop structure can be set as desired. This makes it possible to position the rooftop structure to suit various conditions, such as changes in roof slope or the surrounding environment.

[0061] Furthermore, connecting the connecting means to the beams improves the earthquake resistance of the roof structure. The beams are one of the elements that make up the roof truss, and play a role in increasing the rigidity of the entire roof against seismic forces. By connecting the connecting means to the beams, the roof structure also becomes part of the roof truss, improving the earthquake resistance of the entire roof. This makes it possible to ensure the safety of the roof structure even in the event of an earthquake.

[0062] <Rafters> Rafters are members arranged in a row on top of the main building and serve to directly support the roofing materials. Rafters form the surface of the roof and also act as a path for transmitting the load from the roof structure to the main building.

[0063] Specifically, the connecting means includes a plurality of connecting members extending vertically from the underside of the roof structure and fasteners attached to the lower ends of these connecting members. The fasteners are attached to the side or top of the rafters and are fixed to the rafters with screws, bolts, etc.

[0064] The connecting members are made of high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloy, and their cross-sectional shapes can be selected from a variety of shapes, including circular, rectangular, and L-shaped. The number and placement of connecting members are determined appropriately according to the size and shape of the roof structure. For example, placing connecting members at the ends of the roof structure can prevent the roof structure from lifting up or sliding.

[0065] The fasteners are attached to the ends of the connecting members by welding or screws. The fasteners are shaped like L or U depending on the shape of the rafter. Like the connecting members, high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloy are selected for the fasteners.

[0066] The use of such a connection means ensures that the load is transferred from the roof structure to the rafters, improving the stability of the roof structure. In particular, even when the roof structure is subjected to horizontal forces such as wind loads, the connection means firmly fastens the roof structure to the rafters, preventing it from shifting or falling off.

[0067] Furthermore, connecting the connection means to the rafters improves the waterproofing of the roof structure. Because the rafters are located directly below the roofing material, the attachment points of the connection means can be covered with the roofing material. This prevents rainwater and other contaminants from entering through the fixed points of the connection means, protecting the interior of the roof structure from getting wet and corrosion.

[0068] Furthermore, connecting the connection means to the rafters improves the maintainability of the roof structure. The rafters can be easily accessed by removing the roofing material, so there is no need to remove the roof structure when inspecting or repairing the connection means. This reduces the time and effort required for maintaining the roof structure, and makes it possible to keep maintenance costs down.

[0069] <Roofing material> In the building of this embodiment, the connection means for connecting the roof structure to the roof is fixed to at least the roofing material, which is connected to at least one of the beams, girders, purlins, posts, or rafters. The roofing material is a general term for the components that make up the roof, and includes, for example, roofing material, sheathing boards, roofing, etc.

[0070] Specifically, the connecting means comprises a plurality of connecting members extending vertically from the underside of the roof structure and fasteners attached to the lower ends of these connecting members. The fasteners are attached to the front or back of the roof material and are fixed to the roof material with screws, bolts, etc.

[0071] The connecting members are made of high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloy, and their cross-sectional shapes can be selected from a variety of shapes, including circular, rectangular, and L-shaped. The number and placement of connecting members are determined appropriately according to the size and shape of the roof structure. For example, by placing connecting members diagonally downward from the four corners of the roof structure, the horizontal and vertical stability of the roof structure can be increased.

[0072] The fasteners are attached to the ends of the connecting members by welding or screws. The fasteners are shaped like flat plates or L-shapes to match the shape of the roofing material. As with the connecting members, high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloys are selected for the fasteners.

[0073] Because roofing materials are not structural members themselves, they must transfer the load from the connection means fixed to them to structural members such as beams, girders, purlins, posts, or rafters. Therefore, roofing materials are connected to one of these structural members. For example, sheathing boards are fastened to the purlins or rafters with nails or screws, and roofing sheets are attached to the sheathing boards.

[0074] The use of such a connection means ensures that the load is transferred from the roof structure to the structural members via the roofing material, improving the stability of the roof structure. In particular, the roofing material acts as a surface material to distribute the load over a wide area, mitigating localized load concentrations and reducing the burden on the structural members.

[0075] In addition, by fixing the connection means to the roofing material, the degree of freedom in the installation position of the roof structure is increased. Because the roofing material is laid continuously across the entire roof surface, the roof structure can be installed anywhere on the roof. This makes it possible to make maximum use of the space on the roof and efficiently arrange multiple roof structures.

[0076] Furthermore, by fixing the connection means to the roofing material, the workability of the roof structure is improved. Since the roofing material is laid in the final stage of roof construction, the roof structure can be installed at the same time as the roofing material is laid. This reduces the time and effort required to construct the roof structure, shortening the construction period and reducing costs.

[0077] <Column> In the building of this embodiment, the roof structure is located at least partially outside the roof when viewed from above, and the connection means is connected to the column. This embodiment is particularly effective when the roof structure is installed so as to protrude outside the roof.

[0078] Specifically, roof structures are installed so that they protrude outward from the edge of the roof. The protruding portion of the roof structure extends horizontally beyond the perimeter of the roof, and its length is set appropriately depending on the use and design of the roof structure. For example, if the roof structure is a balcony or terrace, the length of the protruding portion is often set to 1 meter or more.

[0079] The connecting means is connected to the columns to support the protruding portion of the roof structure. The columns are vertical members that stand along the perimeter of the building and serve to support the roof and transfer the load from the roof structure to the ground.

[0080] The connecting means includes a plurality of connecting members extending vertically from the underside of the roof structure and fasteners attached to the lower ends of the connecting members. The fasteners are attached to the side or top of the pillars and fixed to the pillars with bolts, nuts, etc.

[0081] The connecting members are made of high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloy, and their cross-sectional shapes can be selected from a variety of shapes, including circular, rectangular, and H-shaped. The number and placement of connecting members are determined appropriately according to the size and shape of the roof structure. For example, by placing connecting members on both ends of the protruding part of the roof structure, it is possible to suppress the deflection and vibration of the protruding part.

[0082] The fasteners are attached to the ends of the connecting members by welding, bolting, or other methods. The fasteners are shaped like L or U depending on the shape of the column. Like the connecting members, high-strength materials such as steel or aluminum alloys are selected for the fasteners.

[0083] By using such a connection means, the load is reliably transferred from the protruding part of the roof structure to the column, improving the stability of the roof structure. In particular, deformation and damage to the roof structure can be prevented by firmly fastening the roof structure to the column by the connection means against vertical and horizontal loads such as wind load and snow load acting on the protruding part.

[0084] Furthermore, connecting the connection means to the pillars increases the degree of freedom in the design of the roof structure. Because the pillars are located on the outside of the roof, the length and shape of the protruding part of the roof structure can be freely set. This makes it possible to select the optimal shape and size according to the purpose and design of the roof structure.

[0085] <Expansion mechanism> As shown in Figure 9, in the building of this embodiment, the connection means connects the roof structure and the main body in an expandable manner. This embodiment is effective in preventing excessive force from acting on the roof structure when an external force such as an earthquake acts on it.

[0086] Specifically, the connecting means includes a first connecting member attached to the underside of the roof structure, a second connecting member attached to the upper surface of the main body, and an extension mechanism provided between these connecting members. The extension mechanism is configured to allow the first connecting member and the second connecting member to move relative to each other.

[0087] The telescoping mechanism includes, for example, a guide rail, a slider that can move along the guide rail, and a spring that biases the slider. The guide rail is fixed to the first connecting member or the second connecting member, and the slider is fixed to the other connecting member. The spring acts to hold the slider in its initial position.

[0088] When an external force such as an earthquake occurs, a relative displacement occurs between the roof structure and the main body. This relative displacement causes the slider to move along the guide rail and the spring to expand and contract. This changes the distance between the roof structure and the main body, reducing the force acting on the roof structure.

[0089] The extension mechanism can also be equipped with a damper. The damper controls the speed at which the slider moves, thereby suppressing vibrations in the roof structure. Oil dampers, viscous dampers, etc. are used as dampers.

[0090] The use of such a connection means improves the safety of roof structures during earthquakes. In particular, even if the roof structure is heavy or stress is concentrated at the connection part with the main body, the expansion mechanism distributes the force acting on the roof structure, preventing damage to the roof structure.

[0091] Furthermore, the use of an expansion mechanism can also alleviate thermal stress caused by temperature changes between the roof structure and the main body. Temperature differences can occur between the roof structure and the main body due to the effects of solar radiation and outside air temperature. This temperature difference can cause thermal stress between the roof structure and the main body, causing loads to concentrate at the connection points. However, by providing an expansion mechanism, the distance between the roof structure and the main body can be adjusted in response to temperature changes, making it possible to alleviate thermal stress.

[0092] <Attitude control mechanism> As shown in Figure 10, in the building of this embodiment, the connection means controls the attitude of the roof-mounted structure in accordance with the wind force acting on the roof-mounted structure. This embodiment is effective in improving the stability of the roof-mounted structure in strong winds.

[0093] Specifically, the connecting means includes a first connecting member attached to the underside of the roof-mounted structure, a second connecting member attached to the upper surface of the main body, and an attitude control mechanism provided between these connecting members. The attitude control mechanism is configured to be able to change the attitude of the roof-mounted structure in response to wind force acting on the roof-mounted structure.

[0094] The attitude control mechanism includes, for example, an actuator, a control device that controls the actuator, and a sensor that detects wind force. The actuator is provided between the first connecting member and the second connecting member and can change the relative position and angle of these connecting members. The control device controls the actuator based on a signal from the sensor.

[0095] Under normal circumstances, roof structures are maintained in a horizontal position. However, in strong winds, wind force acts on the roof structure, causing it to tilt or vibrate. At this time, sensors detect the wind force and a control device controls the actuators, causing the roof structure's position to change. For example, by tilting the roof structure so that the connecting members on the windward side are lowered, the lift caused by wind force is reduced and the stability of the roof structure is improved.

[0096] The attitude control mechanism can also be equipped with a damper. The damper serves to suppress vibrations of the roof structure by controlling the operating speed of the actuator. Oil dampers, viscous dampers, etc. are used as dampers.

[0097] The use of such connection means improves the safety of roof structures in strong winds. In particular, even if the roof structure is lightweight or has a shape that makes it susceptible to wind force, the posture control mechanism optimizes the posture of the roof structure, preventing it from falling over or being blown away.

[0098] <Construction Method> The building according to the above-described embodiment can be constructed by the following construction method: That is, the construction method according to this embodiment relates to a method for constructing a building that has at least a port with a horizontal receiving surface for receiving cargo from above, a roof with a sloped portion, and a main body.

[0099] The construction method includes the following steps: First, the main body is constructed. The main body includes pillars, beams, floors, walls, etc., and forms the main structure of the building. Next, a roof is constructed on top of the main body. The roof includes sheathing boards, roofing, roofing materials, etc., and is a structure that covers the main body from above. At this time, a base is provided on the roof for attaching a port for the drone to load cargo.

[0100] Next, the port is attached to the roof. The port has a receiving surface and a support part that supports the receiving surface. The support part is fixed to the roof substrate. At this time, the port is connected to at least one of a beam, girder, purlin, post, or rafter to prevent the port from coming off the roof. Fixing devices such as bolts and nuts are used for the connection.

[0101] When attaching a port to a roof, keep the following points in mind. First, adjust the height of the support so that the port's receiving surface is horizontal. If the receiving surface is tilted, the cargo may slide off. Next, set the port's position so that it is easy for the drone to land. A location away from the edge of a building or any obstacles is preferable. Furthermore, set the size of the port according to the expected size of the cargo. If the port is too small, the cargo cannot be loaded. If the port is too large, unnecessary weight will be placed on the roof.

[0102] Finally, waterproof the connection between the port and the roof. If rainwater seeps in through the connection, it could corrode the inside of the roof. Waterproofing is done using sealants and flashing.

[0103] <Method for inspecting a building> A method for inspecting a completed building to determine whether the above-mentioned building has been constructed in an appropriate manner will be described. This embodiment relates to a method for inspecting a building that has at least a port with a horizontal receiving surface for receiving cargo from above, a roof with a sloped portion, and a main body.

[0104] The architectural audit method involves the following steps: First, check the building's design documents. The design documents contain information about the building's structure, materials, dimensions, etc. Then, check whether the port's location, size, material, etc. are set appropriately.

[0105] Next, the construction status of the building is checked. The construction status is checked by visual inspection, measurement, photography, etc. Here, it is checked whether the port has been constructed according to the design documents. In particular, it is checked whether the port is securely fixed to the roof. Specifically, it is checked whether the port is connected to at least one of the beams, girders, purlins, posts, or rafters.

[0106] Also, check that the receiving surface of the port is level. Measure the inclination of the receiving surface using a spirit level or digital level. If the inclination of the receiving surface is too great, instruct the contractor to correct it.

[0107] Furthermore, we check whether the waterproofing at the connection between the port and the roof has been properly done. We check the waterproofing by visual inspection and tactile inspection. If there are any defects in the waterproofing, we instruct the contractor to correct them.

[0108] Finally, a final inspection of the building is carried out. During the final inspection, the overall construction of the building is checked to see if the ports are installed in the correct positions and if there is any damage or deformation to the ports.

[0109] The above steps will ensure that buildings are properly constructed to be suitable for delivery of packages by drone.

[0110] <Building Test Method> A test method for determining whether the connection means of the above-mentioned building satisfies predetermined conditions will be described. The test method according to this embodiment relates to a building test method for a building that has at least a port with a horizontal receiving surface for receiving loads from above, a roof with a sloped portion, and a main body.

[0111] The building test method includes the following steps: First, a port is attached to a roof. At this time, the port is connected to at least one of a beam, girder, purlin, beam, or rafter. For the connection, fasteners such as bolts and nuts are used.

[0112] Next, a load is applied to the port. A weight is used to simulate the cargo carried by the drone. The weight of the weight is set to the expected maximum load. The weight is placed on the receiving surface of the port using a crane or similar device.

[0113] Check the port for deformation or damage while a load is applied. Deformation is checked using a displacement meter or strain gauge. Damage is checked visually or by ultrasonic testing. If deformation or damage exceeds the allowable value, review the port design and construction.

[0114] Next, a horizontal force is applied to the port. This simulates the impact force experienced when a drone lands. The horizontal force is applied to the side of the port using a winch or similar device.

[0115] Apply horizontal force and check for deformation or damage to the port. Also check that the port does not come off the roof. If the port does come off the roof, review the connection method between the port and the roof.

[0116] Finally, the port is subjected to cyclic loading, which simulates the drone landings that occur frequently. The cyclic loading is performed using a fatigue testing machine or similar.

[0117] After applying repeated loads, check the port for deformation or damage. Also check for looseness in the connection between the port and the roof. If looseness is found, review the design and construction of the connection.

[0118] The above steps make it possible to confirm the safety and durability of buildings suitable for drone delivery of packages.

[0119] As described above, the present invention relates to a building suitable for receiving and delivering packages by drone. The building of the present invention includes a port provided on the roof and a connection means for connecting the port to the roof. The port has a horizontal receiving surface for receiving packages from the drone. The connection means secures the port to a structural member of the roof so that the port can withstand vertically upward wind forces acting on the port.

[0120] The building of this invention allows drones to land on the roof and deliver packages. Because the port is securely fixed to the roof, it will not come off even in strong winds. In addition, because the receiving surface of the port is kept horizontal, packages can be received stably.

[0121] The building of the present invention can be realized in various forms. For example, by making the receiving surface of the port concave or convex, the stability and drainage of cargo can be improved. Furthermore, by providing a retractable section in the port, cargo can be automatically transported into the building. Furthermore, by making the connecting means extendable and controlling the port's posture, safety against earthquakes and strong winds can be improved.

[0122] The building of this invention can be used as infrastructure for drone logistics. It can be used as a delivery base for parcel delivery, a collection point for agricultural produce, a delivery point for relief supplies in the event of a disaster, etc. Furthermore, by making effective use of the rooftop space of the building, it can contribute to improving the efficiency of logistics in urban areas.

[0123] The above-described embodiment is merely an example for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention can be modified and improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and it goes without saying that the present invention includes equivalents thereof.

[0124] 100 Building 110 Roof 120 Main body 200 Roof structure 300 Connection member

Claims

1. <Roof structure + connection means + main body> A building having a roof structure with a receiving part, a roof, and connection means for connecting the roof structure to the roof, wherein the connection means at least prevents the roof structure from coming off the roof when a wind force with a vertical upward component acts on the roof structure.

2. The building according to claim 1, wherein the receiving portion of the roof structure has a horizontal surface on which an object can be placed.

3. <The receiving portion of the roof structure has a recess> The building according to claim 1, wherein the receiving portion has a concave surface.

4. <The receiving portion of the roof structure has a convex portion> The building according to claim 1, wherein the receiving portion has a convex surface.

5. <The roof structure has a pull-in section for pulling cargo into the building> A building as described in claim 1, wherein the receiving section has a pull-in section that can pull an object into the interior of the roof.

6. <Connection means: beam> The building according to claim 1, wherein the connection means is connected to at least a beam.

7. <Connection means: girder> The building according to claim 1, wherein the connection means is connected to at least the girder.

8. <Connection means: main building> A building according to claim 1, wherein the connection means is connected to at least the main building.

9. <Connection means: bundle> The building according to claim 1, wherein the connection means is connected to at least a bundle.

10. <Connection means: rafters> The building according to claim 1, wherein the connection means is connected to at least the rafters.

11. <Connection means: Reinforced roof material> A building as described in claim 1, wherein the connection means is fixed to at least the roof material, and the roof material is connected to at least one of beams, girders, purlins, posts, or rafters.

12. <Connection means: reinforced roof material> A building as described in claim 1, wherein the roof structure is at least partially located outside the roof when viewed from above, and the connection means is connected to a pillar.

13. <Connection means: extendable> A building as described in claim 1, wherein the connection means connects the roof structure and the main body in an extendable manner.

14. <Connection means: changing the port's attitude> A building as described in claim 1, wherein the connection means controls the attitude of the roof-mounted structure in accordance with the wind force acting on the roof-mounted structure.

15. <Auxiliary connection means: connecting the roof and the main body> A building as described in claim 1, further comprising auxiliary connection means that connects the roof and the main body to prevent the roof from at least partially detaching from the main body when a wind force having a vertical upward component acts on the roof structure.

16. <Roof shape: triangular roof> A building as described in claim 1, wherein the roof has a sloped portion, and the receiving portion is located on the sloped portion.

17. <Specialized for drone ports> A building having at least a port with a horizontal receiving surface for receiving cargo from above, a roof with a sloped section, a main body, and a connection means, wherein the connection means connects the port to at least one of a beam, girder, purlin, beam, or rafter, thereby preventing at least the port from coming off the roof when a wind force with a vertical upward component acts on the port.

18. <Specialized for drone ports> A building as described in claim 11, further comprising auxiliary connection means for connecting the roof and the main body portion to prevent the roof from at least partially detaching from the main body portion when a wind force having a vertical upward component acts on the port.

19. <Construction Method> A construction method for a building having at least a port with a horizontal receiving surface for receiving cargo from above, a roof with a sloped portion, and a main body, wherein the port is connected to at least one of a beam, girder, purlin, post, or rafter in order to prevent at least the port from coming off the roof when a wind force with a vertical upward component acts on the port.

20. <Architectural Inspection Method> An architectural inspection method for a building that has at least a port with a horizontal receiving surface for receiving cargo from above, a roof with a sloping portion, and a main body, which inspects whether the port is connected to at least one of a beam, girder, purlin, post, or rafter in order to prevent the port from coming off the roof when a wind force with a vertical upward component acts on the port.

21. <Building Test Method> A building test method for a building having at least a port with a horizontal receiving surface for receiving loads from above, a roof with a sloped portion, and a main body, comprising the steps of: connecting the port to at least one of a beam, girder, purlin, beam, or rafter; applying a wind force having a vertical upward component to the port; and measuring the critical wind force at which the port detaches from the roof.

22. <Buildings only> A building to which a connection means for connecting a roof structure having a receiving part can be attached, wherein the connection means at least prevents the roof structure from coming off when a wind force having a vertical upward component acts on the roof structure.

23. <Connection means + building> A building having a connection means for connecting a roof structure having a receiving part, wherein the connection means at least prevents the roof structure from coming off when a wind force having a vertical upward component acts on the roof structure.

24. <Connection means> A connection means for connecting a roof structure having a receiving part to a building, said connection means preventing at least the roof structure from coming off the main body when a wind force having a vertical upward component acts on said roof structure.

25. <Roof structure + connection means> A structural element for a building, comprising a roof structure having a receiving portion and connection means for connecting the roof structure to a building, wherein the connection means at least prevents the roof structure from coming off the building when a wind force having a vertical upward component acts on the roof structure.

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