Carbonization degree measurement method and carbonization degree measurement device

Abstract

This method for measuring the degree of carbonization of carbon felt comprises the steps of: compressing each of a first region and a second region of carbon felt at a compression rate; and applying a current to the carbon felt to measure specific resistance, wherein the first region and the second region are located on opposite sides of the carbon felt, and the compression rate may have a value in the range of 16-40%.

Description

Carbonization degree measurement method and carbonization degree measurement device

[0001] The embodiments relate to a method for measuring the degree of carbonization of materials constituting a battery and manufacturing a battery with excellent efficiency.

[0002] Redox Flow Battery (RFB) is an electrochemical storage device that stores electrical energy as chemical energy of electrolyte, unlike conventional secondary batteries, in which the active material in the electrolyte is oxidized and reduced to charge and discharge. Redox flow battery operates by continuously circulating the electrolyte inside the stack, with the actual electrochemical reaction occurring in the stack using a fluid pump. While these redox flow batteries have the advantages of long life, high output, and high capacity, they have had problems due to space constraints and design difficulty due to the tank that stores the electrolyte and the fluid pump to circulate the electrolyte. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention developed a redox secondary battery that eliminates the electrolyte tank and fluid pump, but it had the problem of low energy density and large volume.

[0003] To provide a highly efficient battery, a solid electrode within the battery is required that has high electrical conductivity and is resistant to acid.

[0004] The embodiments provide a battery with minimized volume.

[0005] The embodiments provide an excellent battery by efficiently measuring the function of a material that contributes to improving the performance of the battery.

[0006] The tasks of the embodiments are not limited to the tasks mentioned above, and tasks not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

[0007] As a means of solving the problem, a method for measuring the degree of carbonization of carbon felt includes the steps of compressing a first region and a second region of the carbon felt at a compression ratio, respectively; and measuring resistivity by applying a current to the carbon felt; wherein the first region and the second region are located on both sides of the carbon felt, and the compression ratio has a value in the range of 16% to 24%. Specifically, the compression ratio may have a value of 20%. The compression ratio is determined based on the recovery rate for the two compressions and the resistivity of the carbon felt by compressing the carbon felt twice.

[0008] The method and device according to the embodiments can provide a battery with excellent performance and efficiency.

[0009] The method and device according to the embodiments can efficiently measure and determine the function of the constituent materials of a battery required to manufacture a battery with excellent performance and efficiency.

[0010] The method and device according to the embodiments can efficiently manufacture a battery with excellent voltage efficiency.

[0011] The effects of the embodiments are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the specification.

[0012] The drawings are included to further understand the embodiments, and the drawings illustrate the embodiments together with the description related to the embodiments. For a better understanding of the various embodiments described below, reference should be made to the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which like reference numerals correspond to corresponding parts throughout the drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 shows the configuration of a battery according to embodiments.

[0014] Figure 2 shows the configuration of a battery according to embodiments.

[0015] Figure 3 shows the recovery rate of carbon felt according to the compression ratio according to the examples.

[0016] Figure 4 shows the resistivity of carbon felt according to the compression ratio according to the embodiments.

[0017] Figure 5 shows the performance of the battery according to the resistivity value according to the embodiments.

[0018] Figure 6 shows a method for measuring carbonization according to embodiments.

[0019] Figure 7 shows a carbonization measurement device according to embodiments.

[0020] Figure 8 shows a carbonization degree measuring device according to embodiments.

[0021] Figure 9 shows a carbonization degree measuring device according to embodiments.

[0022] Fig. 10 shows a carbonization degree measuring device according to embodiments.

[0023] Fig. 11 shows a carbonization degree measuring and classification device according to embodiments.

[0024] Figures 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 illustrate carbonization degree measuring and classification devices according to embodiments.

[0025] Preferred embodiments of the embodiments are described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, is intended to illustrate preferred embodiments of the embodiments, rather than merely show embodiments that can be implemented according to the embodiments. The following detailed description includes details to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these details.

[0026] While most of the terms used in the examples are commonly used in the field, some terms were arbitrarily selected by the applicant, and their meanings are described in detail in the following descriptions as needed. Therefore, the examples should be understood based on the intended meaning of the terms, not simply their names or meanings.

[0027] Figure 1 shows the configuration of a battery according to embodiments.

[0028] A battery (secondary battery) according to the embodiments includes a first current collector (130a), a second current collector (130b) disposed spaced apart from the first current collector (130a), a separator (120) disposed between the first current collector (130a) and the second current collector (130b), and a frame (110) forming a first electrode receiving portion and a second electrode receiving portion.

[0029] A battery (secondary battery) according to the embodiments further includes a first liquid electrode accommodated in a first electrode receiving portion and in which a first half-reaction occurs, a second liquid electrode accommodated in a second electrode receiving portion and in which a second half-reaction occurs, a first solid electrode (150a) disposed in the first electrode receiving portion and impregnated with the first liquid electrode, a second solid electrode (150b) disposed in the second electrode receiving portion and impregnated with the second liquid electrode, a first adhesive member (160a) that joins a first current collector (130a) and a frame (110), and a second adhesive member (160b) that joins a second current collector (130b) and a frame (110).

[0030] The battery (secondary battery) according to the embodiments further includes a transition portion (112) connecting the first electrode receiving portion and the second electrode receiving portion.

[0031] The first liquid electrode is an electrolyte in which an anode redox couple is dissolved. The first liquid electrode is provided surrounded by a frame (110), a first current collector (130a), and a separator (120). The second liquid electrode is an electrolyte in which a cathode redox couple is dissolved. The second liquid electrode is provided surrounded by a frame (110), a second current collector (130b), and a separator (120).

[0032] As previously discussed, the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode are of the same composition. The first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode contain vanadium ions in an electrolyte of the same composition. Hereinafter, the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode are collectively referred to as the liquid electrode.

[0033] The frame (110) is formed as a hollow square. Depending on the embodiment, the frame (110) may be formed as a polygon larger than a rhombus, circle, triangle, or pentagon.

[0034] A separator (120) is placed inside the frame (110) to separate the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode and to allow hydrogen cations (protons) to move between the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode.

[0035] The first collector (130a) is placed on one side of the frame (110) and forms a first electrode receiving portion together with the frame (110) and the separator (120).

[0036] The first metal current collector (131a) is formed of a metal with high electrical conductivity, such as copper or aluminum. The second current collector (130b) is arranged symmetrically to the first current collector (130a) with respect to the separator (120).

[0037] The first solid electrode (150a) is impregnated with the first liquid electrode and placed in the first electrode receiving portion. The first solid electrode (150a) is placed surrounded by a frame (110), a first current collector (130a), and a separator (120). The first solid electrode (150a) includes carbon-based materials such as carbon or graphite felt, carbon cloth, carbon black, graphite powder, or graphene.

[0038] The first solid electrode (150a) can be formed in a porous hexahedral shape.

[0039] The second solid electrode (150b) is arranged symmetrically to the first solid electrode (150a).

[0040] Each of the first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b) includes at least one of an acrylate-based adhesive, an acrylate-ester-based adhesive, an acrylate-ethylene-based adhesive, a polycarbonate-based adhesive, a polyethylene-based adhesive, an epoxy-based adhesive, and an isocyanate-based adhesive.

[0041]

[0042] A separator (120) is attached to the center of the thickness direction of a rectangular frame (110) having a predetermined thickness.

[0043] A first solid electrode (150a) impregnated with a first liquid electrode is placed in the first electrode receiving portion, and a second solid electrode (150b) impregnated with a second liquid electrode is placed in the second electrode receiving portion.

[0044] In configuring a battery according to the embodiments, the solid electrode may be carbon felt and may have a size of 99*99 mm. The liquid electrode (150a, 150b): may have a concentration of 1.7 M and an injection amount of 138 g. The separator is an ion-selective separator. The metal current collector is a current collector containing aluminum. The carbon current collector is a separator containing carbon.

[0045] The solid electrode according to the embodiments may be referred to as carbon felt. Carbon felt plays a crucial role in battery construction. In particular, carbon felt plays a crucial role in battery performance in VIB (vanadium ion battery) and VRFB (vanadium redox flow battery).

[0046] For example, carbon felt has the following functions and characteristics: As a reaction site, carbon felt acts as a reaction site for the active material within the liquid electrode and does not directly participate in the chemical reaction. As an electron transporter, it contributes to the operation of the battery by donating and receiving electrons to the active material within the liquid electrode. Regarding the requirement for acid resistance, since the liquid electrodes of VIB and VRFB contain acidic substances, carbon felt is acid resistant. Regarding the need for electrical conductivity, carbon felt must have high electrical conductivity to effectively conduct electricity. Regarding the large surface area, carbon felt must have a large surface area to improve battery performance, which accelerates the reaction with the active material within the liquid electrode and enhances output. Regarding the importance of graphitization, carbon felt can achieve high electrical conductivity and acid resistance through the graphitization process, which is important for improving battery performance.

[0047] Because carbon felt is elastic, it generates a rebound force when compressed. Because carbon felt comes into contact with the current collector, it requires high electrical conductivity, acid resistance, and a suitable repulsive force-based resistivity, along with voltage efficiency for battery function.

[0048] Therefore, carbon felt and the grapheneization process in batteries play a crucial role in improving the performance of the entire system. Considering these characteristics, selecting a carbon felt with good grapheneization contributes to improved battery efficiency and performance. Below, with reference to each drawing, a carbonization analysis method and device for efficiently selecting carbon felt that enhances battery performance are described.

[0049] Figure 2 shows the configuration of a battery according to embodiments.

[0050] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, as a preliminary experiment to verify whether the resistivity of a solid electrode (carbon felt) is related to battery performance, examples are shown of batteries assembled using carbon felt with different resistivity values, and the voltage efficiency of each was tested.

[0051] A battery can be manufactured by sequentially stacking a metal current collector (131a), a carbon current collector (132a), a solid electrode (150a), a separator (120), a solid electrode (150b), a carbon current collector (132b), and a metal current collector (131b) on a frame (110). The battery is manufactured by sealing it. A quantitative liquid electrode is injected through a vacuum post-injection process. The battery performance is tested. The performance test of the battery is performed by measuring the voltage efficiency through charge and discharge. For example, looking at the charge and discharge conditions, it is charged at a constant current until it reaches 1.60 V with a current of 1.6 A (1.0 C) that is the same as the charge. It is discharged at a constant current until it reaches 1.10 V with a current of 1.6 A (1.0 C). The charge and discharge are repeated under these conditions. The test results of the battery performance are described later in Fig. 6.

[0052] Figure 3 shows the recovery rate of carbon felt according to the compression ratio according to the examples.

[0053] Figure 3 shows the results of measuring the recovery rate of the carbon felt when the carbon felt of Figures 1 and 2 is compressed.

[0054] The recovery rate is measured as follows: compress the carbon felt once using a compressible device, such as a UTM device. Then, compress the carbon felt once more. By measuring the recovery rate between the first and second compressions, the recovery rate of the carbon felt is measured based on its compression ratio.

[0055] Referring to Fig. 3, it can be seen that when the carbon felt is compressed at a compression ratio of 40% or less, the recovery rate of the carbon felt is 98% or more. When the compression ratio is 40% or less, it can be seen that the slope value of the recovery rate according to the compression ratio on the X-axis compression rate and Y-axis recovery rate graph decreases, and the recovery rate value is within the range of 98% to 100%. Hereinafter, the results of measuring the resistivity and battery performance of the carbon felt under the compression ratio condition of 40% or less are described.

[0056] Figure 4 shows the resistivity of carbon felt according to the compression ratio according to the embodiments.

[0057] The classification of graphene carbon felt according to the examples is as follows:

[0058] Raman spectroscopy: A molecular analysis technique that utilizes the Raman effect, whereby energy is absorbed by a molecule by irradiating it with a laser beam, corresponding to the difference in electron energy levels within the molecule. Raman spectroscopy can be used to analyze the degree of grapheneization in carbon felt.

[0059] Checking the weight loss rate before and after heat treatment (450~600 °C) (heat resistance): The degree of grapheneization of carbon felt can be measured by applying heat treatment to graphene-treated carbon felt and analyzing the weight loss rate.

[0060] Electrical Conductivity Measurement (Electric): The degree of grapheneization of carbon felt can be measured by applying an electric current to the graphene-ized carbon felt and measuring its conductivity.

[0061] Raman spectroscopy is a local analysis method, so the measurement location on the sample is crucial. Weight loss analysis before and after heat treatment can result in sample loss. Electrical conductivity measurement can determine the average electrode value and is suitable as a non-destructive analysis method.

[0062] The method / device according to the embodiments provides a method for classifying graphene-modified carbon felt (solid electrode) with superior performance after grapheneization. The method according to the embodiments can classify the carbon felt according to compressibility and / or resistivity measurements.

[0063] Figure 5 shows the performance of the battery according to the resistivity value according to the embodiments.

[0064] The lower the resistivity of carbon felt, the better the voltage efficiency of a battery composed of low-resistivity carbon felt. The results of compression ratios that increase the resistivity and voltage efficiency of carbon felt are as follows.

[0065] Referring to Figure 4, the results of measuring the resistivity of carbon felt within the compression ratio range of 4% to 48% can be seen. It can be seen that the resistivity value of the carbon felt decreases rapidly from the compression ratio range of 16% or higher.

[0066] Referring to Figure 5, voltage efficiency according to resistivity is shown. Looking at the area (500) having a voltage efficiency range of 90% to 92%, it can be seen that the resistivity value falls within the range of 60 to 100 mΩ*cm.

[0067] That is, based on the range of excellent voltage efficiency, it can be seen from the measurement results that the value of the reliable compression ratio range is 16% to 40%.

[0068] Figure 6 shows a method for measuring carbonization according to embodiments.

[0069] Figure 6 shows a flow chart of the method for measuring the carbonization degree based on the resistivity of the carbon felt described above.

[0070] S600, a method for measuring the degree of carbonization of carbon felt according to embodiments may include a step of compressing the carbon felt.

[0071] S601, the method for measuring the degree of carbonization of carbon felt according to the embodiments may further include a step of measuring the resistivity of the carbon felt.

[0072] A method for measuring the degree of carbonization of carbon felt may include a step (S600) of compressing the carbon felt at a constant compression ratio; a step (S601) of applying current to the carbon felt to measure resistivity;

[0073] For example, the step of compressing the carbon felt (S600) may include compressing the first region and the second region of the carbon felt (described later in FIG. 7), compressing the entire region of the carbon felt (described later in FIG. 9), and / or compressing a certain region of the carbon felt (described later in FIG. 10). The compression ratio may have a value in the range of 16% to 40%. For example, in another aspect, the compression ratio may have a value of 20%. The compression ratio is a value determined based on compressing the carbon felt twice, the recovery rate for the two compressions, and the resistivity of the carbon felt.

[0074] Figure 7 shows a carbonization measurement device according to embodiments.

[0075] Figure 7 illustrates a carbonization degree measuring device that performs the carbonization degree measuring method of the carbon felt of Figure 6.

[0076] A device for measuring the degree of carbonization of carbon felt (700) includes a compression unit that compresses the carbon felt at a compression ratio; and a measurement unit that measures the resistivity by applying a current to the carbon felt; and the compression ratio can have a value in the range of 16% to 40%.

[0077] A device for measuring the degree of carbonization of carbon felt (700) includes a compression unit (701) that compresses a first region and a second region of the carbon felt at a compression ratio, respectively; and a measurement unit (702) that applies a current to the carbon felt to measure resistivity; wherein the first region (703) and the second region (704) are located on both sides of the carbon felt, and the compression ratio can have a value in the range of 16% to 40%.

[0078] That is, the compression unit compresses the first region and the second region of the carbon felt based on the compression ratio, and the first region and the second region can be located on both sides of the carbon felt.

[0079] Specifically, the carbonization degree measuring device may include a plate (705) that can align the carbon felt (700) and maintain a constant gap when compressing so as to measure the carbonization degree of the carbon felt (700), a lower electrode (706) connected to one side that can support both sides of the carbon felt, and an upper electrode (707) connected to one side that can be driven to compress both sides of the carbon felt.

[0080] The measuring unit can measure the resistivity by applying a current in a horizontal direction while the first region and the second region of the carbon felt are compressed by the compression ratio.

[0081] By moving the movable compression unit connected to the upper electrode (707), the upper surfaces of both sides of the carbon felt are compressed by 16% to 40%, preferably 20%, and when provided on both sides of the carbon felt between the upper electrode (707) and the lower electrode (706), a current is applied to the carbon felt, and the resistivity of the carbon felt is measured while the carbon felt is compressed at a constant compression ratio, thereby analyzing the degree of carbonization of the carbon felt.

[0082] The method according to the embodiments can measure the resistivity of carbon felt. For example, the resistivity of the carbon felt is measured by positioning the carbon felt between the upper electrode (707) and the lower electrode (706) while maintaining the distance between the two ends of the carbon felt constant. The carbon felt is laminated on the upper part of the lower electrode. A plate for maintaining a gap of the same thickness as the carbon felt can be used. Alternatively, the resistivity can be measured in a state where the carbon felt is compressed to a constant thickness using a plate having a thickness smaller than the thickness of the carbon felt. The lever is closed so that the upper electrode can contact the plate for the gap. Then, the resistance of both ends of the carbon felt is measured.

[0083] Figure 8 is a side view of the carbonization measuring device of Figure 7 before and after measurement.

[0084] Before measurement, a carbon felt is placed on a mounting area to which a lower electrode (706) of a carbonization degree measuring device is connected. To measure the carbonization degree, a movable compression unit to which an upper electrode (707) is connected compresses the carbon felt at a constant pressure. In a state where the compression unit of the carbonization degree measuring device compresses some areas of both ends of the carbon felt at a constant compression ratio, for example, within a range of 16% to 40%, or more specifically, at a compression ratio of 20%, a current is applied to the carbon felt by the upper and lower electrodes (706, 707), thereby measuring the resistivity of the carbon felt.

[0085] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the resistivity value of the solid electrode (carbon felt) can be confirmed by measuring the resistance at both ends of the material (carbon felt) at a constant distance. The resistivity of the carbon felt can be measured by applying a horizontal current. The carbonization degree measuring device further includes a plate for maintaining a gap during alignment and compression. That is, when the lever of the compression part to which the upper electrode is connected is closed as shown in FIG. 8, a 4 mm plate is inserted to maintain a gap in order to prevent the material (carbon felt) from being compressed more than 4T.

[0086] Figure 9 shows a carbonization degree measuring device according to embodiments.

[0087] Figure 9 shows an additional embodiment of the carbonization degree measuring device of Figures 7 and 8.

[0088] The carbonization degree measuring device of Fig. 9 is the same in terms of technical purpose as the carbonization degree measuring device of Figs. 7 and 8 in that it compresses carbon felt to measure resistivity, but the compression part of the carbonization degree measuring device of Figs. 7 and 8 compresses a part of the carbon felt, whereas the compression part of the carbonization degree measuring device of Fig. 9 compresses the entire area of ​​the carbon felt (90).

[0089] If the compression parts of the carbonization degree measuring device of FIGS. 7 and 8 are located at each end of the carbon felt to be measured and compress one side of the carbon felt to measure the resistivity of some areas of the carbon felt, the carbonization degree measuring device of FIG. 9 can measure the resistivity of the carbon felt by applying a current between the lower metal electrode (92) connected to the upper surface where the carbon felt is placed and the upper metal electrode (91) connected to the lower surface of the single compression part, while the single compressible compression part compresses the entire area of ​​the carbon felt (90).

[0090] As shown in Fig. 9, the carbonization measurement device can measure resistance by compressing the entire area of ​​the solid electrode (carbon felt). Here, the entire area is not necessarily limited to the entire area of ​​the carbon felt, and can be interpreted as an area larger than a portion of the area shown in Fig. 8. The resistivity of the carbon felt can be measured through a vertical current.

[0091] A device for measuring the degree of carbonization of carbon felt includes a compression unit that compresses each area of ​​the carbon felt at a compression ratio; a load unit that is connected to the compression unit and has an adjustable length; and a measurement unit that applies a current to the carbon felt to measure resistivity; and the compression ratio can have a value in the range of 16% to 40%.

[0092] Fig. 10 shows a carbonization degree measuring device according to embodiments.

[0093] The carbonization degree measuring device of Fig. 10 is technically identical to the carbonization degree measuring devices of Figs. 7 to 9 in that they compress carbon felt to measure resistivity, but while the compression unit of the carbonization degree measuring devices of Figs. 7 to 9 compresses a lateral region and / or the entire region of the carbon felt, the compression unit of the carbonization degree measuring device of Fig. 10 is connected to a length-adjustable rod (100). The compression unit and the upper electrode are connected to a measuring handle, and the measuring handle is connected to the rod. The rod (100) and the gap (102) may be connected by a ball joint (101). A component including the rod (100), the ball joint (101), the gap (102), and / or the lower electrode pin (103) may be referred to as a holder of the carbonization degree measuring device. Carbon felt is placed on a lower support on which the holder (101) of the carbonization degree measuring device is installed, and by moving the measuring handle, the compression unit connected to the measuring handle compresses a specific region of the carbon felt. A current is applied to a specific area of ​​the compressed carbon felt through the lower electrode pin (103) of the lower support and the upper electrode pin (4T pin) connected to the compression portion of the measuring handle, and the resistivity is measured. A constant thickness is maintained between the lower support and the holder, and the carbon felt is compressed at a constant pressure, and the resistivity of the carbon felt is measured by applying a current to the carbon felt through the electrode pin. The holder and the rod are connected through a ball joint, so that the rod portion can move freely. For example, the length of the rod (100) can be adjusted, and the measuring handle can be rotated within a certain radius. The holder includes a gap (102) for maintaining the level between the carbon felt and the device during measurement of the measuring handle.

[0094] While the carbon felt can be compressed by the measuring handle, another alternative is to compress the carbon felt to a certain thickness through the lower surface of the stand. When the electrode pins connected to the lower surface of the measuring handle contact the carbon felt, a current is applied, allowing the resistivity of the carbon felt to be measured.

[0095] As shown in Fig. 10, the carbonization measurement device further includes a ball joint to allow free movement of the upper portion of the measurement handle. Since the driving range of the ball joint is wide, the distance and resistance vary, so the size of the ball joint can be adjusted.

[0096] Referring to FIGS. 7 to 10, the structural diagram of the carbonization degree measuring device according to the embodiments includes various structures including a compression unit that compresses carbon felt at a constant compression ratio, an electrode unit that applies current, and a measurement unit that measures the resistivity of the carbon felt based on the applied current in the compressed state, and is not limited to the examples of FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0097] Fig. 11 shows a carbonization degree measuring and classification device according to embodiments.

[0098] Figure 11 illustrates an additional embodiment of the carbonization degree measuring device of Figures 7 to 10. Figure 11 illustrates a carbon felt classifier for repulsion and carbonization degree analysis. The carbon felt classifier of Figure 11 may be referred to as a carbonization degree measuring and classification device.

[0099] As previously mentioned, carbon felt plays an important role in VIB and VRFB and has the following functions and characteristics:

[0100] Role as a reaction site: Carbon felt acts as a reaction site for the active material inside the electrolyte and does not directly participate in the chemical reaction.

[0101] Electron transfer role: It contributes to the operation of the battery by transferring electrons to and from the active material in the electrolyte.

[0102] Acid resistance requirement: Since the electrolyte of VIB and VRFB contains acidic substances, carbon felt has acid resistance.

[0103] Electrical conductivity required: To conduct electricity effectively, carbon felt has high electrical conductivity.

[0104] Large surface area: To improve battery performance, the carbon felt must have a large surface area, which accelerates the reaction with the active material in the electrolyte and improves output.

[0105] Importance of Graphitization: Carbon felt can obtain high electrical conductivity and acid resistance by going through the graphitization process, which is important for improving battery performance.

[0106] Importance of repulsion: Carbon felt acts as a solid electrode that transports electrons and requires low contact resistance to the current collector. Therefore, using felt with high repulsion improves battery performance.

[0107] Therefore, carbon felt in batteries plays a very important role in improving the performance of the entire system through grapheneization and repulsion, thereby enabling efficient and stable energy storage and transfer.

[0108] The compressibility of the carbon felt described above can be measured by the repulsive force against the carbon felt. Factors affecting the repulsive force of carbon felt are as follows.

[0109] Structure and Porosity: The internal structure and porosity of carbon felt affect electron movement, which directly affects repulsion. Appropriate porosity and structure are essential for more efficient electron movement.

[0110] Grapheneization Level: The higher the grapheneization level of the carbon felt, the better its electrical conductivity, which positively affects the repulsive force. It is important to conduct grapheneization at high temperatures to ensure optimal conductivity.

[0111] Material Composition and Properties: The composition and properties of carbon felt, such as the type, size, and density of carbon fibers, affect its resilience. This can also affect the material's electrical properties and stability.

[0112] Compression: The degree of compression used when carbon felt is used as a battery component also affects the repulsive force. Appropriate compression can maintain effective electron transfer.

[0113] A carbonization degree measuring and classification device includes an unwinder (1100) that unwinds a rolled carbon felt; a measuring unit (111) that compresses a portion of the carbon felt at a compression ratio and applies a current to the portion of the carbon felt to measure the resistivity for a predetermined period of time; a moving unit (1120) that moves the carbon felt; and a cutting unit (113) that cuts a portion of the carbon felt from the carbon felt based on the measured resistivity value, wherein the cutting unit (113) includes a punching press; and the compression ratio may have a value in the range of 16% to 40%.

[0114] The carbonization degree measuring and classification device may further include a load cell for compressing the carbon felt; and a classification unit (114) for classifying a cut portion of the area based on the measured resistivity value.

[0115] The compressibility can have a value of 20%. The compressibility can be determined based on the carbon felt being compressed twice, the recovery rate for the two compressions, and the resistivity of the carbon felt.

[0116] As mentioned above, in battery configuration, the compressibility (rate) of the solid electrode is crucial for ensuring even and good contact between the solid electrode and the current collector. The compressibility of the solid electrode (carbon felt) is determined by measuring the repulsive force. Considering the frame thickness and the solid electrode thickness, areas of the solid electrode with a repulsive force below a certain value are considered errors, and these areas can be cut out and classified.

[0117] Comparing the method of FIG. 6 and the devices of FIGS. 7 to 10 with the device of FIG. 11, the devices of FIGS. 7 to 10 measure the resistivity of the compressed carbon felt while compressing the cut carbon felt, while the device of FIG. 11 measures the resistivity while compressing the wound carbon felt while measuring the repulsive force, and cuts and classifies the carbon felt according to the measurement results, thereby performing the measuring, cutting, and classifying operations simultaneously.

[0118] The repulsion and resistance measuring unit of Fig. 11 performs the same or similar function as the function of compressing carbon felt and measuring resistivity in Figs. 7 to 10, and the device of Fig. 11 can classify carbon felt at once by cutting multiple areas using a punching press according to the measurement results of repulsion and resistance.

[0119] The repulsive force and resistance measuring unit of Fig. 11 can be implemented in a form for performing the functions described in Figs. 7 to 10 in addition to the form shown in the drawing.

[0120] Figures 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 illustrate carbonization degree measuring and classification devices according to embodiments.

[0121] Figures 12 to 20 illustrate additional embodiments of the carbonization degree measuring and classification device described above.

[0122] Referring to (a) and (b) of FIG. 12, the carbonization degree measuring and classifying device may include a felt supply cassette (1200), a felt transport actuator and gripper (1201), a felt repulsion force measuring device (1202), and / or a felt classifier (1203).

[0123] Referring to FIG. 13, a felt supply cassette (1200) has a function of storing felt (1200-4) and providing it for measurement. The felt supply cassette (1200) may include a clamp (1200-1), a door (1200-2), and a sensor (1200-3). The clamp (1200-1) may fix the felt supply cassette (1200) to a carbonization degree measuring and classification device. The door (1200-2) may open and close to store the felt (1200-4) inside the felt supply cassette (1200). The sensor (1200-3) may sense the movement of the felt (1200-4) stored inside the felt supply cassette (1200) for carbonization degree measuring and classification.

[0124] Referring to Fig. 14, the up-down module (1400) of the felt supply cassette (1200) is illustrated in detail. The up-down module (1400) of the felt supply cassette (1200) includes a felt support (1401) that can move from the lower surface to the upper surface in order to provide the stored felt (1200-4) while moving it.

[0125] The up-down module (1400) can include the maximum number of felts when measuring the initial resistivity of the carbon felt. When the up-down module (1400) includes the maximum number of felts, the felt support (1401) is located at the bottom of the up-down module (1400). The felt transfer actuator and gripper (1201) can move the felts one by one from the up-down module (1400). Each time a felt is moved, the felt support (1401) moves up one space.

[0126] When there is no felt (1200-4) in the felt supply cassette (1200), the felt support (1401) is positioned on the upper surface, and while stacking felts (1200-4) from the upper surface on the felt supply cassette (1200), the felt support (1401) moves to the lower surface as the number of felts increases. The felt support (1401) pushes the felts (1200-4) in the felt supply cassette (1200) from the bottom to the top, and supplies the felts (1200-4) to the outside of the felt supply cassette (1200). For example, felts (about 150 ea) can be loaded on the felt supply cassette (1200), and the supply cassette (1200) is docked and clamped on the up-down module (1400). The module rises and supplies felt until the felt is recognized by the sensor (1200-3).

[0127] Referring to Fig. 15, a cassette (1200) for supplying felt is provided in the up-down module (1400). By manufacturing the cassettes in parallel, the felt can be loaded and then replaced in cassette units, thereby reducing man-hours.

[0128] Referring to FIG. 16, the structure of a felt transport actuator and gripper (1201) is illustrated in detail. The felt transport actuator and gripper (1201) performs an operation of taking out and moving felt from a felt supply cassette (1200). The felt transport actuator and gripper (1201) may be configured with a structure such as a felt transport actuator (1201-1), a gripper (1201-2), and a grip confirmation sensor (1201-3).

[0129] The felt transport actuator (1201-1) can move in the up / down / rotational directions to transport the felt.

[0130] The gripper (1201-2) is connected to the felt transport actuator (1201-1) and can hold the felt according to the up / down / rotational movement of the felt transport actuator (1201-1). The gripper (1201-2) may further include a needle (1201-2-1) for fixing the felt. The needle (1201-2-1) is provided on the gripper (1201-2) and can extend forward to enter the felt to hold the felt. Since the carbon felt has microscopic holes like a sponge, it can be fixed to the gripper (1201-2) and moved by the needle.

[0131] The grip confirmation sensor (1201-3) can sense whether the carbon felt is properly fixed.

[0132] Referring to Fig. 17, the felt transport sequence by the felt transport actuator and gripper (1201) is as follows: First, when the felt is recognized at the upper position of the cassette, the gripper (1201-2) moves to the corresponding position. At this time, the spring of the gripper (1201-2) is compressed and makes contact to increase the gripping force of the needle (1201-2-1). Thereafter, the felt is positioned at a designated position (e.g., on the slider) by operating in the order of grip, elevation, rotation, descent, and grip release. This automatically resolves the felt supply, thereby achieving the effect of reducing man-hours.

[0133] Referring to FIGS. 18, 19 and 20, the detailed structure of the felt rebound force measuring device (1202) is illustrated. The felt rebound force measuring device (1202) may include an inlet slider (1202-1), an inlet sensor (1202-2), an outlet slider and an outlet sensor (1202-3), a digital displacement sensor (1202-4), a stopper (1202-5), a cylinder position sensor (1202-6), a solenoid valve (1202-7), a compression upper plate (1202-8), a compression lower plate (1202-9), a guide rod (1202-10), an inlet sensor (1202-11), and a load cell (1202-12).

[0134] The inlet slider (1202-1) moves the felt moved from the felt transfer actuator and gripper (1201) through a slider structure inclined at a 45 degree angle.

[0135] The input sensor (1202-2) senses whether the felt has been input through the slider.

[0136] The discharge slider and discharge sensor (1202-3) discharge the felt for which the repulsion force measurement has been completed.

[0137] The digital displacement sensor (1202-4) senses displacement due to the up-and-down movement of the cylinder for compressing the felt.

[0138] The stopper (1202-5) may be provided so that a gap (e.g., 4 mm) is formed between the stopper (1202-5) and the compression lower plate (1202-9) to compress the felt under a constant gap condition.

[0139] The cylinder position sensor (1202-6) senses the position of the cylinder when the cylinder moves to the top, middle, and bottom positions. When the cylinder is in the top position, it refers to the initial position before starting to compress the felt. When the cylinder is in the middle position, it refers to the state in which the cylinder has moved to the middle position in preparation for compressing the felt, and the lower surface of the compression top plate is in contact with the upper surface of the felt. When the cylinder is in the bottom position, it refers to the position in the compressed state of the felt.

[0140] The solenoid valve (1202-7) is a 3-position closed center type valve for 3 position movement of the cylinder.

[0141] The compression plate (1202-8) is a plate that compresses the upper surface of the felt according to the movement of the cylinder.

[0142] The compression plate (1202-9) is a plate that supports the lower surface of the felt.

[0143] The compression upper plate (1202-8) and / or the compression lower plate (1202-9) may include metal electrodes for measuring the resistivity of the felt. For example, as shown in FIGS. 7, 9, and 10, by applying current to the felt through the electrodes while the felt is compressed, the resistivity and the repulsive force of the felt can be measured simultaneously. The metal electrodes may be provided on the edge area of ​​at least one plate of the compression upper plate (1202-8) and / or the compression lower plate (1202-9).

[0144] The guide rod (1202-10) is a rod that guides movement to compress the felt. The felt has microscopic holes, so that the needles (1201-2-1) and / or the edges of the guide rod can enter the felt like a sponge and secure it so that it does not move.

[0145] The input sensor (1202-11) can sense whether the edge of the guide rod has passed a certain height area provided with the input sensor (1202-11) when the compression top plate moves to a lower position for felt compression due to the position of the cylinder.

[0146] A load cell (1202-12) is an electromechanical sensor device used to measure force or weight.

[0147] Here is the sequence for measuring the felt rebound force and / or resistivity: 1) After placing the felt on the inlet slider (1202-1) and releasing the grip by the gripper (1201-2), the felt moves along the slider (1201-1) to the rebound force measurement position. At this time, the cylinder is positioned at the middle position (the point where the lower part of the guide rod (1202-10) and the upper part of the compression lower plate (1202-9) are on the same line). The guide rod (1202-10) fixes the position of the felt to prevent it from falling off. 2) When the completion of felt injection is confirmed through the injection sensor (1202-11), the cylinder is positioned at the lower position (the point where the compression upper plate (1202-8) contacts the stopper (1202-5)) and measures the rebound force of the felt through the load cell (1202-12). The height difference between the stopper (1202-5) and the compression lower plate (1202-9) is set to be smaller than the normal height of the felt (e.g., 4 mm), and the cylinder is selected with a thrust that sufficiently exceeds the rebound force of the felt. At this time, the contact degree between the compression upper plate (1202-8) and the stopper (1202-5) is checked through the digital displacement sensor (1202-4) to see if it is repeated consistently each time, and if a foreign substance, etc. is caught, an alarm is generated to ensure the reliability of the measurement. 3) After the measurement is completed, the cylinder is positioned at the upper position (maximum return) so that the felt can slide into the space between the guide rod (1202-10) and the compression lower plate (1202-9). 4) When the discharge of the felt is confirmed through the discharge sensor (1202-3), the cylinder returns to the middle position and proceeds with the next measurement.

[0148] This reduces control complexity by handling input and output via a slider, while also securing tack time. A three-position closed-type valve provides split cylinder operation and prevents felt shedding. A digital displacement sensor detects when felt dust, etc., has accumulated on the stopper, impeding proper compression, thereby increasing data reliability.

[0149] Referring to FIG. 12, a device according to embodiments may include a cassette (1200) for loading carbon felts; an actuator (1201) for gripping and moving a carbon felt located at the upper portion of the cassette among the carbon felts from the cassette (1200); a felt repulsion force measuring device (1202) for measuring at least one of repulsion force and resistivity of the carbon felt moved from the actuator; and a classifier (1203) for classifying the carbon felt measured by the measuring unit according to the measurement result.

[0150] A felt rebound force measuring device (1202) may include a compression upper plate (1202-8) and a compression lower plate (1202-9) for compressing carbon felt; a stopper (1202-5) for fixing the carbon felt at a constant interval; a cylinder for moving the position of the compression upper plate; and a load cell (1202-12) for measuring the rebound force of the carbon felt. The interval between the stopper (1202-5) and the compression lower plate (1202-9) is smaller than the thickness of the carbon felt, and the rebound force of the carbon felt can be measured by compressing the carbon felt with the compression upper plate while the carbon felt is positioned between the stopper and the compression lower plate.

[0151] At least one of the compression upper plate (1202-8) or the compression lower plate (1202-9) includes an electrode for measuring the resistivity of the carbon felt, and the resistivity of the carbon felt compressed by the compression upper plate and the compression lower plate can be measured based on the electrode.

[0152] In addition, a battery can be manufactured based on the method according to FIG. 6. The battery includes a first metal current collector; a second metal current collector spaced apart from the first metal current collector; a separator disposed on the first metal current collector and the second metal current collector; a first carbon current collector disposed between the first metal current collector and the separator; a second carbon current collector disposed between the second metal current collector and the separator; a first carbon felt and a first liquid electrode disposed between the first carbon current collector and the separator; and a second carbon felt and a second liquid electrode disposed between the second carbon current collector and the separator; wherein the first carbon felt and the second carbon felt can be determined based on a value of resistivity measured by compressing at a constant compression ratio. The compression ratio can have a value in the range of 16% to 40%.

[0153] By using the examples, it is possible to measure and classify high-performance carbon felts to produce batteries with high voltage efficiency.

[0154] The embodiments have been described in terms of methods and / or devices, and the descriptions of methods and devices may be applied complementarily.

[0155] For the convenience of explanation, each drawing has been described separately, but it is also possible to design a new embodiment by combining the embodiments described in each drawing. In addition, designing a computer-readable recording medium having a program recorded thereon for executing the previously described embodiments, as needed by a person skilled in the art, also falls within the scope of the embodiments. The devices and methods according to the embodiments are not limited to the configurations and methods of the embodiments described above, but the embodiments may be configured by selectively combining all or part of the embodiments so that various modifications can be made. Although preferred embodiments of the embodiments have been illustrated and described, the embodiments are not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without departing from the gist of the embodiments claimed in the claims, and such modifications should not be understood individually from the technical idea or prospect of the embodiments.

[0156] The various components of the devices of the embodiments may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. The various components of the embodiments may be implemented by a single chip, for example, a single hardware circuit. According to embodiments, the components according to the embodiments may be implemented by separate chips. According to embodiments, at least one of the components of the devices of the embodiments may be configured with one or more processors capable of executing one or more programs, and the one or more programs may perform, or include instructions for performing, one or more of the operations / methods according to the embodiments. The executable instructions for performing the methods / operations of the devices of the embodiments may be stored in non-transitory CRMs or other computer program products configured to be executed by one or more processors, or may be stored in temporary CRMs or other computer program products configured to be executed by one or more processors. In addition, the memory according to the embodiments may be used as a concept including not only volatile memory (e.g., RAM, etc.), but also non-volatile memory, flash memory, PROM, etc. Additionally, it may be implemented in the form of a carrier wave, such as transmission via the Internet. Furthermore, the processor-readable recording medium may be distributed across network-connected computer systems, allowing the processor-readable code to be stored and executed in a distributed manner.

[0157] In this document, “ / ” and “,” are interpreted as “and / or”. For example, “A / B” is interpreted as “A and / or B”, and “A, B” is interpreted as “A and / or B”. Additionally, “A / B / C” means “at least one of A, B, and / or C”. Also, “A, B, C” means “at least one of A, B, and / or C”. Additionally, “or” in this document is interpreted as “and / or”. For example, “A or B” can mean 1) “A” only, 2) “B” only, or 3) “A and B”. In other words, “or” in this document can mean “additionally or alternatively”.

[0158] Terms such as "first" and "second" may be used to describe various components of the embodiments. However, the various components according to the embodiments should not be interpreted as limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one component from another. For example, a first user input signal may be referred to as a "second user input signal." Similarly, a second user input signal may be referred to as a "first user input signal." The use of these terms should be interpreted as not departing from the scope of the various embodiments. Although "first user input signal" and "second user input signal" are both user input signals, they do not mean the same user input signals unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0159] The terminology used to describe the embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting of the embodiments. As used in the description of the embodiments and in the claims, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The expressions “and / or” are used to mean all possible combinations of terms. The expression “includes” describes the presence of features, numbers, steps, elements, and / or components, but does not mean that additional features, numbers, steps, elements, and / or components are not included. Conditional expressions such as “if” or “when” used to describe the embodiments are not intended to be limited to only optional cases. When a specific condition is satisfied, a related action is performed in response to a specific condition, or a related definition is intended to be interpreted.

[0160] In addition, the operations according to the embodiments described in this document may be performed by a device including a memory and / or a processor according to the embodiments. The memory may store programs for processing / controlling the operations according to the embodiments, and the processor may control various operations described in this document. The processor may be referred to as a controller, etc. The operations according to the embodiments may be performed by firmware, software, and / or a combination thereof, and the firmware, software, and / or a combination thereof may be stored in the processor or in the memory. The processor may be referred to as a controller, etc., and may correspond to, for example, hardware, software, and / or a combination thereof. The operations according to the embodiments described above may be performed by the processor.

[0161] As described above, the relevant contents have been described in the best form for carrying out the embodiments.

[0162] As described above, the embodiments may be applied in whole or in part to battery temperature control devices and systems.

[0163] Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the embodiments within the scope of the embodiments.

[0164] Embodiments may include modifications / changes, which do not depart from the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. In a method for measuring the degree of carbonization of carbon felt, A step of compressing the first and second regions of the carbon felt at a compression ratio, respectively; A step of measuring resistivity by applying current to the carbon felt; The first region and the second region are located on both sides of the carbon felt, The above compression ratio has a value in the range of 16% to 40%, Method for measuring carbonization degree.

2. In paragraph 1, The above compression ratio is determined based on the recovery rate for the two compressions and the resistivity of the carbon felt by compressing the carbon felt twice. Method for measuring carbonization degree.

3. In a device for measuring the degree of carbonization of carbon felt, A compression section that compresses each carbon felt at a constant compression ratio; and A measuring unit for measuring resistivity by applying current to the carbon felt; The above compression ratio has a value in the range of 16% to 40%, Carbonization measuring device.

4. In paragraph 3, The compression section compresses the first and second regions of the carbon felt based on the constant compression ratio, The first region and the second region are located on both sides of the carbon felt, Carbonization measuring device.

5. In paragraph 4, The above measuring unit measures the resistivity by applying a current in a horizontal direction while the first region and the second region of the carbon felt are compressed by the constant compression ratio. Carbonization measuring device.

6. In paragraph 3, The above compression unit compresses the entire area of ​​the carbon felt based on the constant compression ratio. Carbonization measuring device.

7. In paragraph 6, The above measuring unit measures the resistivity by applying a current in a vertical direction while the entire area of ​​the carbon felt is compressed by the constant compression ratio. Carbonization measuring device.

8. In the third paragraph, the device: It further includes a load part connected to the compression part and capable of adjusting the length and rotation, The compression unit compresses a portion of the carbon felt at a constant compression ratio based on the movement of the load unit. Carbonization measuring device.

9. First metal collector; A second metal current collector arranged spaced apart from the first metal current collector; A separator disposed between the first metal current collector and the second metal current collector; A first carbon collector disposed between the first metal collector and the separator; A second carbon collector disposed between the second metal collector and the separator; A first carbon felt and a first liquid electrode arranged between the first carbon collector and the separator; and A second carbon felt and a second liquid electrode disposed between the second carbon collector and the separator; The first carbon felt and the second carbon felt are determined based on the value of resistivity measured by compressing them at a constant compression ratio. battery.

10. In paragraph 9, The above compression ratio has a value in the range of 16% to 40%, battery.

11. Cassette for loading carbon felts; An actuator that grips and moves the carbon felt located at the upper portion of the cassette among the carbon felts from the cassette; A measuring unit for measuring at least one of the repulsive force or resistivity of the carbon felt moved from the actuator; and A classifier that classifies the carbon felt measured by the above measuring unit according to the measurement result; including; Carbonization degree measuring and classification device.

12. In paragraph 11, The above measuring part: A compression upper plate and a compression lower plate for compressing the above carbon felt; A stopper that fixes the carbon felt at regular intervals; a cylinder for moving the position of the compression plate; and A load cell for measuring the repulsive force of the carbon felt; The gap between the stopper and the compression plate is smaller than the thickness of the carbon felt, The repulsive force of the carbon felt is measured by compressing the carbon felt with the compression upper plate while the carbon felt is positioned between the stopper and the compression lower plate. Carbonization degree measuring and classification device.

13. In paragraph 11, At least one of the compression upper plate or the compression lower plate includes an electrode for measuring the resistivity of the carbon felt, The resistivity of the carbon felt compressed by the above compression upper plate and the above compression lower plate is measured based on the electrode. Carbonization degree measuring and classification device.

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