Alloy for preparing metal fittings and preparation method therefor

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of metal fittings, and provides an alloy for preparing metal fittings and a preparation method therefor. The alloy for preparing metal fittings comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: magnesium: 1.0%-2.4%; calcium: 0.10%-0.90%; silicon: 0.35%-0.80%; copper: 0.12%-0.50%; a rare earth element: 0.05%-0.20%; manganese: 0.02%-0.15%; impurities: ≤0.05%; and the balance being aluminum, wherein the rare earth element is cerium or lanthanum. In the alloy for preparing metal fittings and the preparation method therefor provided by the present application, the prepared alloy exhibits good mechanical properties, high tensile strength and good ductility, and the metal fittings prepared by using the alloy exhibit high mechanical properties, especially in a high-temperature environment, and thus have high environment adaptability and can be used for a long time without breakage, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Alloy for preparing hardware and preparation method thereof TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hardware, in particular to an alloy for preparing hardware and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Automobile hardware refers to hardware products used in automobile manufacturing and maintenance. These components play a role in fixing, connecting, decorating and functionality in automobiles. Automobile hardware is subjected to various forces and environmental influences during the operation of the automobile, and therefore must have excellent material properties and process precision. When designing and manufacturing these hardware, automobile manufacturers consider factors such as material strength, toughness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc.

[0003] However, the currently produced and manufactured automobile hardware has the problems of poor environmental adaptability, resulting in decreased mechanical properties, easy breakage and short service life. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an alloy for preparing hardware and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the technical problems of poor environmental adaptability, resulting in decreased mechanical properties, easy breakage and short service life of the automobile hardware produced and manufactured in the related art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an alloy for preparing hardware, which is composed of the following mass percentages of elements: magnesium 1.0%-2.4%, calcium 0.10%-0.90%, silicon 0.35%-0.80%, copper 0.12%-0.50%, rare earth elements 0.05%-0.20%, manganese 0.02%-0.15%, impurities ≤0.05%, and the rest is aluminum.

[0006] In some embodiments, the rare earth elements are a mixture of one or both of cerium or lanthanum.

[0007] The above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects: the present application dopes magnesium, calcium, silicon, copper, manganese, cerium or lanthanum in aluminum, and through the mutual synergistic effect of each element and the scientific mass ratio, an alloy with good mechanical properties can be prepared, which has high tensile strength and good ductility. The hardware prepared using the alloy has high mechanical properties, especially high mechanical properties under high temperature environment, and therefore has strong environmental adaptability, can be used for a long time without breaking, and increases the service life.

[0008] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a preparation method for preparing an alloy for hardware, comprising the following steps: melting aluminum at high temperature under inert gas protection, adding magnesium, calcium, silicon, copper and manganese for smelting, feeding a liquid material into a rare earth element precursor, doping the aluminum liquid after high-temperature gasification, and obtaining an alloy liquid, wherein the rare earth element is a mixture of cerium or lanthanum or both; cooling and solidifying the alloy liquid into a cast alloy, performing solid solution heat preservation at 420-440 DEG C, then performing solid solution heat preservation at 480-500 DEG C, and finally performing aging heat preservation at 180-200 DEG C, to obtain an alloy ingot.

[0009] The alloy formed by adding magnesium, calcium, silicon, copper and manganese after melting aluminum enhances the mechanical properties of each alloy grain, especially the tensile strength and ductility, and meanwhile, magnesium and silicon can form Mg2Si strengthening phase, which can improve the high-temperature strength of the alloy; feeding the liquid material into the rare earth element precursor, the rare earth element being cerium or lanthanum, reduces the brittleness of the alloy and makes it not easy to break, and the rare earth element after gasification dopes the aluminum liquid without agglomeration to destroy other grain structures; the cast aluminum alloy after twice solid solution heat preservation and aging heat preservation changes the cast morphology of the crystal phase from dendritic diffusion to discontinuous, and under the synergistic effect of calcium, copper and manganese, effectively refines the grains during the growth process, further improving the mechanical properties.

[0010] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the magnesium, the calcium, the silicon, the copper, the rare earth element and the manganese is (1.0-2.4):(0.10-0.90):(0.35-0.80):(0.12-0.50):(0.05-0.20):(0.02-0.15).

[0011] In some embodiments, the inert gas is one or a mixture of both of nitrogen and argon.

[0012] In some embodiments, the alloy liquid is cooled and solidified into a cast alloy, and the solid solution heat preservation is performed at 420-440 DEG C for 2-4 hours, water quenching to room temperature, then the solid solution heat preservation is performed at 480-500 DEG C for 2-5 hours, water quenching to room temperature, finally the aging heat preservation is performed at 180-200 DEG C for 3-6 hours, water quenching to room temperature, to obtain the alloy ingot.

[0013] In some embodiments, the liquid material is a solvent dissolving the rare earth element precursor, wherein the mass percentage of the precursor is 1-5%, and the solvent is acetone.

[0014] In some embodiments, the rare earth element precursor is one or a mixture of both of cerium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only represent some of the embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort.

[0016] FIG. 1 is a step flow chart of a preparation method for preparing an alloy for hardware provided by the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments only represent some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] Automobile hardware refers to hardware products used in automobile manufacturing and maintenance. These components play a role in fixing, connecting, decorating and functionality in the automobile. Automobile hardware is subjected to various forces and environmental influences during the operation of the automobile, and therefore must have excellent material properties and process precision. Automobile manufacturers will consider factors such as strength, toughness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. when designing and manufacturing these hardware.

[0019] However, the currently produced and manufactured automobile hardware has the problems of poor environmental adaptability, resulting in decreased mechanical properties, easy breakage and short service life.

[0020] Based on this, in order to improve the technical problems of the automobile hardware produced and manufactured in the related art, such as poor environmental adaptability, resulting in decreased mechanical properties, easy breakage and short service life, the embodiments of the present application provide the following solutions.

[0021] The embodiments of the present application provide an alloy for preparing hardware, which is composed of the following elements in mass percentage: magnesium 1.0%-2.4%, calcium 0.10%-0.90%, silicon 0.35%-0.80%, copper 0.12%-0.50%, rare earth elements 0.05%-0.20%, manganese 0.02%-0.15%, impurities ≤0.05%, and the rest is aluminum, wherein the rare earth elements are a mixture of one or both of cerium and lanthanum.

[0022] The embodiment of the application further provides a preparation method of an alloy for preparing hardware, comprising the following steps: melting aluminum at high temperature under the protection of inert gas, adding magnesium, calcium, silicon, copper and manganese for smelting, and then feeding rare earth element precursor in liquid form, doping the aluminum liquid after high-temperature gasification, and obtaining alloy liquid, wherein the rare earth element is a mixture of cerium or lanthanum or both; cooling and solidifying the alloy liquid into a cast alloy, performing solid solution heat preservation at 420-440 DEG C, then performing solid solution heat preservation at 480-500 DEG C, and finally performing aging heat preservation at 180-200 DEG C, to obtain an alloy ingot, wherein the mass percentage of magnesium, calcium, silicon, copper, rare earth element and manganese is (1.0-2.4):(0.10-0.90):(0.35-0.80):(0.12-0.50):(0.05-0.20):(0.02-0.15).

[0023] It can be understood that the inert gas can be one or a mixture of both of nitrogen and argon.

[0024] The raw materials can be aluminum plate or aluminum ingot, magnesium powder, calcium powder, single crystal silicon, copper powder and manganese powder.

[0025] Cooling and solidifying the alloy liquid into a cast alloy, performing solid solution heat preservation at 420-440 DEG C for 2-4 hours, water quenching to room temperature, then performing solid solution heat preservation at 480-500 DEG C for 2-5 hours, water quenching to room temperature, finally performing aging heat preservation at 180-200 DEG C for 3-6 hours, and water quenching to room temperature, to obtain an alloy ingot.

[0026] The liquid material is a solvent dissolving rare earth element precursor, wherein the mass percentage of the precursor is 1-5%, and the solvent is acetone.

[0027] The rare earth element precursor is one or a mixture of both of cerium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] (1) Melting aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid at high temperature under the protection of nitrogen, adding 2.4% magnesium powder, 0.90% calcium powder, 0.80% single crystal silicon, 0.50% copper powder and 0.15% manganese powder for smelting, then feeding lanthanum nitrate acetone solution with a mass ratio of 5%, doping the aluminum liquid after high-temperature gasification, and finally obtaining alloy liquid with a lanthanum mass percentage of 0.20%.

[0030] (2) Cooling and solidifying the alloy liquid into a cast alloy, performing solid solution heat preservation at 440 DEG C for 4 hours, water quenching to room temperature, then performing solid solution heat preservation at 500 DEG C for 5 hours, water quenching to room temperature, finally performing aging heat preservation at 200 DEG C for 6 hours, and water quenching to room temperature, to obtain an alloy ingot.

[0031] Embodiment 2:

[0032] Under the protection of nitrogen, aluminum ingot is melted into aluminum liquid at high temperature, 1.0% of magnesium powder, 0.10% of calcium powder, 0.35% of monocrystalline silicon, 0.12% of copper powder and 0.05% of manganese powder are added for smelting, then lanthanum nitrate acetone solution with a mass ratio of 1% is sent in for doping after high-temperature gasification, the final mass ratio of lanthanum is 0.02%, and alloy liquid is obtained.

[0033] The alloy liquid is cooled and solidified into as-cast alloy, isothermal holding at 420℃ for 2h, water quenching to room temperature, then isothermal holding at 480℃ for 2h, water quenching to room temperature, finally isothermal holding at 180℃ for 3h, water quenching to room temperature, and alloy ingot is obtained.

[0034] Example 3:

[0035] (1) Under the protection of argon, aluminum ingot is melted into aluminum liquid at high temperature, 1.8% of magnesium powder, 0.50% of calcium powder, 0.60% of monocrystalline silicon, 0.30% of copper powder and 0.10% of manganese powder are added for smelting, then cerium nitrate acetone solution with a mass ratio of 3% is sent in for doping after high-temperature gasification, the final mass ratio of cerium is 0.10%, and alloy liquid is obtained.

[0036] (2) The alloy liquid is cooled and solidified into as-cast alloy, isothermal holding at 430℃ for 3h, water quenching to room temperature, then isothermal holding at 490℃ for 4h, water quenching to room temperature, finally isothermal holding at 190℃ for 4h, water quenching to room temperature, and alloy ingot is obtained.

[0037] Comparative Example 1:

[0038] (1) Under the protection of nitrogen, aluminum ingot is melted into aluminum liquid at high temperature, 2.4% of magnesium powder, 0.80% of monocrystalline silicon and 0.50% of copper powder are added for smelting, then lanthanum nitrate acetone solution with a mass ratio of 5% is sent in for doping after high-temperature gasification, the final mass ratio of lanthanum is 0.20%, and alloy liquid is obtained.

[0039] (2) The alloy liquid is cooled and solidified into as-cast alloy, isothermal holding at 440℃ for 4h, water quenching to room temperature, then isothermal holding at 500℃ for 5h, water quenching to room temperature, finally isothermal holding at 200℃ for 6h, water quenching to room temperature, and alloy ingot is obtained.

[0040] Comparative Example 2:

[0041] (1) Under the protection of nitrogen, aluminum ingot is melted into aluminum liquid at high temperature, 1.0% of magnesium powder, 0.10% of calcium powder, 0.35% of monocrystalline silicon, 0.12% of copper powder, 0.05% of manganese powder and 0.02% of lanthanum powder are added for smelting, and alloy liquid is obtained.

[0042] (2) The alloy liquid is cooled and solidified into as-cast alloy, and then is solution treated at 420℃ for 2h, water quenched to room temperature, then solution treated at 480℃ for 2h, water quenched to room temperature, finally aged at 180℃ for 3h, water quenched to room temperature, to obtain an alloy ingot.

[0043] The mechanical property measurement results of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1: Mechanical properties of each example and comparative example

[0045]

[0046] As can be seen from Table 1, in the present examples 1-3, after melting of aluminum, magnesium, calcium, silicon, copper and manganese are added, and then the cerium or lanthanum precursor is fed into the liquid in the form of liquid material, the aluminum liquid is doped after high-temperature gasification, the alloy liquid is cooled and solidified into as-cast alloy, and then is solution treated twice and aged to obtain an alloy ingot. The tensile strength, elongation, tensile strength after heat treatment, and elongation after heat treatment of the alloy prepared in example 1 compared to comparative example 1 (without adding calcium and manganese), and example 2 compared to comparative example 2 (without adding cerium or lanthanum in the form of liquid material) are improved.

[0047] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An alloy for making a hardware item, characterized in that, Composed of the following mass percentages of elements: magnesium 1.0%-2.4%, calcium 0.10%-0.90%, silicon 0.35%-0.80%, copper 0.12%-0.50%, rare earth elements 0.05%-0.20%, manganese 0.02%-0.15%, impurities ≤0.05%, and the remainder being aluminum.

2. The alloy of claim 1 wherein, The rare earth elements are a mixture of one or both of cerium or lanthanum.

3. A production method for producing an alloy for hardware, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: The aluminum is melted at high temperature under inert gas protection, magnesium, calcium, silicon, copper, and manganese are added for smelting, and then a liquid material is used to send in a rare earth element precursor, and after high-temperature gasification, the aluminum liquid is doped to obtain an alloy liquid, wherein the rare earth elements are a mixture of one or both of cerium or lanthanum; the alloy liquid is cooled and solidified into a cast alloy, and then solution heat treatment is carried out at 420-440 DEG C, and then solution heat treatment is carried out at 480-500 DEG C, and finally aging heat treatment is carried out at 180-200 DEG C to obtain an alloy ingot.

4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized by, The mass percentages of the magnesium, the calcium, the silicon, the copper, the rare earth elements, and the manganese are (1.0-2.4):(0.10-0.90):(0.35-0.80):(0.12-0.50):(0.05-0.20):(0.02-0.15).

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inert gas is a mixture of one or both of nitrogen or argon.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The alloy liquid is cooled and solidified into a cast alloy, solution heat treatment is carried out at 420-440 DEG C for 2-4 hours, water quenching is carried out to room temperature, then solution heat treatment is carried out at 480-500 DEG C for 2-5 hours, water quenching is carried out to room temperature, finally aging heat treatment is carried out at 180-200 DEG C for 3-6 hours, and water quenching is carried out to room temperature to obtain an alloy ingot.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid material is a solvent in which a rare earth element precursor is dissolved, wherein the mass percentage of the precursor is 1%-5%, and the solvent is acetone.

8. The production method according to claim 3 or 7, characterized by, The rare earth element precursor is a mixture of one or both of cerium nitrate or lanthanum nitrate. The rare earth element precursor is a mixture of one or both of cerium nitrate or lanthanum nitrate.

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