Crusher

Abstract

This crusher for heating and crushing a biomass raw material comprises: a housing that accommodates a crushing blade formed on a shaft part and a ball for crushing; a first bearing that supports one end of the shaft part; a second bearing that supports the other end of the shaft part on the opposite side from the one end; and synchronous drive devices provided at the one end and the other end, respectively, that drive and rotate the shaft part about the axial center of the shaft part.

Description

crusher

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a grinder.

[0002] BACKGROUND ART For example, a pulverizer disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known as a pulverizer for pulverizing a material to be pulverized, such as a biomass raw material.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a crusher having a housing (referred to as the "front half" in Patent Document 1) with a storage space for storing a rotor and material to be crushed. The material to be crushed is supplied to the storage space in a state where it has been dispersed in a liquid in advance, and is crushed by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor. In addition, the crushing chamber is heated and cooled by supplying a cooling fluid or a heating fluid to a cooling chamber formed outside the housing or to the inside of the rotor.

[0004] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 4-243554

[0005] The rotor described in Patent Document 1 is connected to the shaft at only one end, and the shaft must support the entire weight of the rotor at the connection. Therefore, there is a limit to the weight of the rotor that the shaft can support. Because the rotor is driven to rotate by a drive unit provided at the end, expanding the storage space inside the housing to increase the rotor size also requires increasing the size of the shaft and drive unit, which is not economical.

[0006] In addition, the pulverizer of Patent Document 1 cannot pulverize materials in a dry state because it is intended to pulverize materials that have been dispersed in a liquid in advance. Furthermore, because the storage space inside the housing is small, it is not possible to put pulverizing balls into the storage space, and therefore the pulverizer of Patent Document 1 cannot be used as a ball mill.

[0007] The present disclosure has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a crusher in which the storage space inside the housing can be expanded without increasing the size of the entire crusher.

[0008] The characteristic configuration of the grinder according to the present disclosure is that it is a grinder that heats and grinds biomass raw materials, and is equipped with a housing that accommodates grinding blades formed on a shaft portion and grinding balls, a first bearing that supports one end of the shaft portion, a second bearing that supports the other end of the shaft portion opposite the one end, and a synchronous drive device that is provided at each of the one end and the other end and drives and rotates the shaft portion around the axis of the shaft portion.

[0009] According to this configuration, both ends of the shaft (one end and the other end opposite the one end) are supported by the first bearing and the second bearing, so even if the crushing blades formed on the shaft are enlarged and the accommodation space inside the housing is expanded, the shaft can be stably driven and rotated. Furthermore, since synchronous drive units that drive and rotate the shaft are provided at both ends of the shaft, the power required for each drive unit can be reduced compared to a configuration in which a drive unit is provided at only one end of the shaft, and the drive units can be made smaller. This prevents the overall size of the crusher from increasing.

[0010] 1 is a side view of a pulverizer according to the present disclosure. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a pulverizer according to the present disclosure. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrows III-III in FIG. 2. 4 is a partially enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of a first bearing according to the present disclosure. 5 is a partially enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of a second bearing according to the present disclosure. 6 is a circuit diagram of a cooling circuit showing a cooling path, a first supply path, and a second supply path according to the present disclosure.

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a pulverizer according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, a pulverizer used for pulverizing biomass materials will be described as an example. However, the pulverizer is not limited to the following embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0012] A pulverizer A according to the present disclosure will be described using Figures 1 to 5. As shown in Figure 1, the pulverizer A includes a shaft portion 1 extending along an axis X, a housing 3 that accommodates a portion of the shaft portion 1, and drive devices 6 and 7 (an example of a synchronous drive device) that drive and rotate the shaft portion 1 about the axis X. In the following description, the positional relationship between these components will be described based on the orientation of the pulverizer A shown in Figure 1. In addition, in a direction parallel to the axis X of the shaft portion 1, the side on which the drive device 6 is arranged will be referred to as the X2 side, and the side on which the drive device 7 is arranged will be referred to as the X1 side.

[0013] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the shaft portion 1 is composed of a first shaft member 11, a second shaft member 12, a third shaft member 13, and a fourth shaft member 14, which are connected and fixed together while arranged on an axis X. In detail, the shaft portion 1 is configured such that the second shaft member 12 is connected to the X2-side end of the first shaft member 11, the third shaft member 13 is connected to the X1-side end of the first shaft member 11, and the fourth shaft member 14 is connected to the ends of the second shaft member 12 and the third shaft member 13 opposite the first shaft member 11 side. Because the second shaft member 12 and the third shaft member 13 have substantially the same shape, the shaft portion 1 has a bilaterally symmetrical structure. Note that the shaft portion 1 may also be configured such that the shaft members 11 to 14 are integrally formed.

[0014] The first shaft member 11 is a hollow cylindrical member having an internal space 110. A plurality of crushing blades 2 are formed on a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft member 11. As shown in Fig. 3, the plurality of crushing blades 2 include four crushing blades 2a arranged at positions offset by 90° from each other with respect to the axis X in a plane perpendicular to the axis X, and a crushing blade 2b arranged at a position offset by 45° from the crushing blade 2a in a plane perpendicular to the axis X but different from the plane on which the crushing blades 2a are arranged. The crushing blades 2a and 2b are arranged alternately along the axis X.

[0015] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , first flange portions 11f protruding radially outward are formed on the X1-side and X2-side ends of the first shaft member 11. The first flange portions 11f, 11f are connected to the second flange portion 12f of the second shaft member 12 and the third flange portion 13f of the third shaft member 13 by connecting members (not shown) while abutting against each other. The second flange portion 12f and the third flange portion 13f preferably have substantially the same diameter as the first flange portion 11f. The second shaft member 12 and the third shaft member 13 are cylindrical members having substantially the same shape. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , spaces 120, 130 communicating with the space 110 of the first shaft member 11 are formed at one end of the second shaft member 12 on the second flange portion 12f side and one end of the third shaft member 13 on the third flange portion 13f side, respectively.

[0016] 4 , the second shaft member 12 has a through-hole 12a formed therein so as to penetrate the side wall that defines the space 120. The second shaft member 12 is supported by the first bearing 4 on the X2 side of the through-hole 12a so as to be rotatable about the axis X. That is, the shaft portion 1 is supported by the first bearing 4 on the X2 side (an example of one end) of the shaft portion 1. The first bearing 4 is, for example, a ball bearing, and is fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the second shaft member 12 and fixed to the second shaft member 12 by being supported by an annular support member 4B.

[0017] A housing 4A that surrounds the through hole 12a and the first bearing 4 is connected in a sealed state to the outer circumferential surface of the second shaft member 12. The housing 4A has cylindrical segments 4A1 and 4A2, which are fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the second shaft member 12. Specifically, segment 4A1 is disposed on the X1 side of the first bearing 4, and segment 4A2 is disposed on the X2 side of the first bearing 4. Each of segments 4A1 and 4A2 includes an extending portion 4Aa that extends along the axis X and has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the second shaft member 12, and an abutting portion 4Ab that extends radially inward from the extending portion 4Aa and abuts against the second shaft member 12. The extending portion 4Aa of segment 4A1 abuts against the X1 side surface of the first bearing 4, and the extending portion 4Aa of segment 4A2 abuts against the X2 side surface of the first bearing 4. Therefore, a space 40 is formed inside the housing 4A and is surrounded by the second shaft member 12, the abutting portions 4Ab and extending portions 4Aa of the segments 4A1 and 4A2, the first bearing 4, and the support member 4B. The space 40 communicates with the space 120 and the space 110 via the through hole 12a.

[0018] The extending portions 4Aa of the segments 4A1 and 4A2 are each provided with a hole 41 or a hole 42. A support member 4B is disposed between the extending portions 4Aa of the segments 4A1 and 4A2. Sealing members (not shown) may be disposed on the contact surfaces between the segments 4A1 and 4A2 and the second shaft member 12, the first bearing 4, and the support member 4B.

[0019] As shown in FIG. 5 , the third shaft member 13 has a through-hole 13a formed through the side wall that defines the space 130. The third shaft member 13 is supported by the second bearing 5 on the X1 side of the through-hole 13a so as to be rotatable about the axis X. That is, the shaft portion 1 is supported by the second bearing 5 on the X1 side (an example of the other end) of the shaft portion 1 from its center. The second bearing 5 is, for example, a self-aligning roller bearing. If the second bearing 5 is a self-aligning roller bearing, installation of the crusher A requires consideration of only the positional accuracy of the first bearing 4, which simplifies installation work. The second bearing 5 may also be a ball bearing. The second bearing 5 is fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the third shaft member 13 and fixed to the third shaft member 13 by being supported by an annular support member 5B.

[0020] A housing 5A that surrounds the through hole 13a and the second bearing 5 is connected in a sealed state to the outer circumferential surface of the third shaft member 13. Similar to the housing 4A, the housing 5A has cylindrical segments 5A1 and 5A2, which are fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the third shaft member 13. Specifically, the segment 5A1 is disposed on the X1 side of the second bearing 5, and the segment 5A2 is disposed on the X2 side of the second bearing 5. The segments 5A1 and 5A2 each extend along the axis X and are composed of an extending portion 5Aa whose inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the third shaft member 13, and an abutting portion 5Ab that extends radially inward from the extending portion 5Aa and abuts against the third shaft member 13. The shapes of the extending portion 5Aa and the abutting portion 5Ab may be substantially the same as the shapes of the extending portion 4Aa and the abutting portion 4Ab. The extending portion 5Aa of the divided body 5A1 abuts against the X1-side surface of the second bearing 5, and the extending portion 5Aa of the divided body 5A2 abuts against the X2-side surface of the second bearing 5. Therefore, inside the housing 5A, a space 50 is formed that is surrounded by the third shaft member 13, the abutting portions 5Ab and extending portions 5Aa of the divided bodies 5A1 and 5A2, the second bearing 5, and the support member 5B. The space 50 communicates with the space 130 and the space 110 via the through-hole 13a.

[0021] The extending portions 5Aa of the segments 5A1 and 5A2 are each provided with a hole 51 or a hole 52. A support member 5B is disposed between the extending portions 5Aa of the segments 5A1 and 5A2. Sealing members (not shown) may be disposed on the contact surfaces between the segments 5A1 and 5A2 and the third shaft member 13, the second bearing 5, and the support member 5B.

[0022] With the above-described configuration, the space 110 of the first shaft member 11 is connected in a sealed state with the space 120 of the second shaft member 12, the space 130 of the third shaft member 13, the space 40 formed by the housing 4A, and the space 50 formed by the housing 5A.

[0023] In this embodiment, the shaft portion 1 is supported by the first bearing 4 and the second bearing 5, so that the shaft portion 1 can be stably supported at two points even if the shaft portion 1 is heavy. Therefore, it is possible to increase the size of the crusher A by expanding the accommodation space 30 of the housing 3, which will be described later.

[0024] A fourth shaft member 14 is fixedly connected to the X2-side end of the second shaft member 12 and the X1-side end of the third shaft member 13. The fourth shaft member 14 on the X2-side of the crusher A is connected to a drive unit 6, and the fourth shaft member 14 on the X1-side of the crusher A is connected to a drive unit 7. That is, the X1-side and X2-side ends of the shaft portion 1 are provided with drive units 6 and 7. Known drive mechanisms can be used for the drive units 6 and 7, but it is preferable that they be driven synchronously. Driving the drive units 6 and 7 synchronously reduces the power required for the drive units 6 and 7 compared to when a drive unit is disposed at only one end of the shaft portion 1 to rotate the shaft portion 1.

[0025] As shown in Figure 1, the housing 3 is a cylindrical enclosure having an accommodation space 30, and two supply ports 31 are provided at the top thereof. The accommodation space 30 accommodates the biomass raw material to be crushed, which is fed through the supply port 31, the crushing blade 2, and crushing balls (not shown). The volume of the accommodation space 30 is preferably slightly larger than the volume of the space occupied by the crushing blade 2. The crusher A in this embodiment functions as a ball mill.

[0026] A water-cooling jacket (not shown) is disposed on the outer surface of the housing 3. This cools the accommodation space 30 of the housing 3 and adjusts the temperature of the accommodation space 30. The water-cooling jacket may be provided around the entire outer periphery of the housing 3, or may be provided on only a part of the housing 3.

[0027] In this embodiment, the biomass raw material to be pulverized may be, for example, grass or plant biomass such as rice straw, wheat straw, or bagasse; thinning materials such as bamboo or bamboo grass; wood processing waste such as sawdust, chips, or scraps; street tree pruning materials; wooden construction waste; woody biomass such as bark or driftwood; or cellulose products such as waste paper. The biomass raw material may also be a mixture of these. Such biomass raw materials are pulverized and broken down into smaller pieces by pulverization in pulverizer A. In addition, in pulverizer A, frictional heat is generated by the pulverizing balls, and polymers such as cellulose contained in the biomass raw material are subjected to a mechanochemical effect by heating and pulverizing, reducing the crystallinity and decomposing them into smaller molecules, thereby accelerating decomposition.

[0028] It is known that polymers such as cellulose contained in biomass feedstocks are efficiently decomposed by heating and pulverizing them within a predetermined temperature range. Therefore, the internal temperature of the accommodation space 30 needs to be maintained at a predetermined temperature. The water-cooling jacket attached to the outer surface of the housing 3 regulates the temperature of the accommodation space 30, but because it cools the housing 3 from the outside, a temperature distribution occurs within the accommodation space 30. Therefore, the pulverizer A in this embodiment achieves uniform cooling of the accommodation space 30 of the housing 3 by circulating a cooling fluid L through the space 110 of the first shaft member 11, the space 120 of the second shaft member 12, the space 130 of the third shaft member 13, and the spaces 40 and 50 formed by the housing 4A and the housing 5A.

[0029] The cooling fluid L is, for example, an antifreeze solution containing ethylene glycol as a main component, a long-life coolant, a paraffin-based insulating oil, a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO), or the like.

[0030] 6, the crusher A is equipped with a cooling circuit C having a cooling passage 20 formed inside the shaft portion 1, a first supply passage 21 that supplies cooling fluid L to the first bearing 4, a connecting passage 22 that supplies the cooling fluid L discharged from the first bearing 4 to the heat exchanger 8, a second supply passage 23 that supplies the cooling fluid L to the second bearing 5, and a connecting passage 24 that supplies the cooling fluid L discharged from the second bearing 5 to the cooling passage 20. The cooling fluid L is circulated through the passages on the cooling circuit C by a pump or the like (not shown).

[0031] The heat exchanger 8 cools the cooling fluid L by heat exchange with the solvent, etc. The heat exchanger 8 is disposed outside the crusher A and is, for example, a chiller.

[0032] 2 and 6 , in this embodiment, the space 110 of the first shaft member 11, the space 120 of the second shaft member 12, and the space 130 of the third shaft member 13 function as the cooling path 20. The first shaft member 11 is cooled by circulating the cooling fluid L through the cooling path 20, and the cooled first shaft member 11 cools the crushing blade 2, balls, and biomass raw material, thereby cooling the accommodation space 30.

[0033] 2 and 4 , the cooling fluid L flows through the cooling path 20 from the X1 side toward the X2 side. The cooling fluid L that has flowed through the cooling path 20 flows out from the through hole 12a of the second shaft member 12. Here, the through hole 12a functions as a first supply path 21 that supplies the cooling fluid L to the first bearing 4. As described above, the through hole 12a and the space 120 communicate with each other, and therefore the cooling path 20 and the first supply path 21 communicate with each other. The cooling fluid L that flows from the first supply path 21 into the space 40 formed by the housing 4A is supplied to the first bearing 4.

[0034] Here, the cooling fluid L supplied to the first bearing 4 may also function as a lubricating oil for the first bearing 4. Since the first bearing 4 is lubricated by the cooling fluid L, the crusher A does not need to be provided with another mechanism for lubricating the first bearing 4. This allows the mechanism of the crusher A to be simplified, and the crusher A becomes compact.

[0035] The cooling fluid L supplied to the space 40 flows out from the hole 41 or from the hole 42 after coming into contact with the first bearing 4. Pipes or the like (not shown) that form the connecting flow path 22 may be connected to the holes 41 and 42. The pipes are connected to the heat exchanger 8. The cooling fluid L, which has been heated by circulating through the cooling path 20 and exchanging heat with the objects (crushing blades 2, balls, biomass raw materials) contained in the storage space 30, is cooled by having heat removed from it in the heat exchanger 8. The heat exchanger 8 and the hole 51 of the housing 5A are connected by pipes or the like (not shown) that form the second supply path 23. Therefore, the cooling fluid L cooled in the heat exchanger 8 flows through the second supply path 23 and into the space 50 formed by the housing 5A.

[0036] 5, the cooling fluid L that flows into the space 50 from the hole 51 is supplied to the second bearing 5. At this time, the cooling fluid L also functions as a lubricating oil for the second bearing 5, and the second bearing 5 is lubricated by the cooling fluid L. Therefore, the crusher A does not need to be provided with another mechanism for lubricating the second bearing 5, and the mechanism of the crusher A is simplified.

[0037] A portion of the cooling fluid L that has flowed through the space 50 flows out from the hole 52. A pipe or the like through which the cooling fluid L can flow is preferably connected to the hole 52, and the pipe is preferably connected to a pipe or the like that forms the second supply path 23. In this way, the cooling fluid L that has flowed into the space 50 from the hole 51 circulates through the space 50, thereby enabling efficient lubrication of the second bearing 5.

[0038] A portion of the cooling fluid L that has flowed through the space 50 also flows out from the through hole 13a of the third shaft member 13. Here, the through hole 13a functions as the connecting flow path 24, and the cooling fluid L flows through the connecting flow path 24 and is supplied to the cooling path 20. As described above, the connecting flow path 24 is in communication with the cooling path 20 and the space 50, and the space 50 is in communication with the second supply path 23. Therefore, the second supply path 23 is in communication with the cooling path 20 via the space 50 and the connecting flow path 24.

[0039] In this way, the cooling fluid L circulates through the cooling circuit C in the order of the cooling path 20, first supply path 21, first bearing 4, connecting path 22, heat exchanger 8, second supply path 23, second bearing 5, and connecting path 24 (see FIG. 6 ), so that the cooling fluid L circulating through the cooling path 20 is constantly replaced, improving the cooling efficiency of the shaft portion 1. Furthermore, the accommodation space 30 of the housing 3 is cooled from the inside and outside by a jacket or the like outside the housing and the cooling path 20 inside the housing, so that the cooling is performed with a uniform temperature distribution.

[0040] As described above, the crusher A according to this embodiment has the cooling passage 20 inside the shaft portion 1, and therefore the cooling efficiency of the accommodation space 30 of the housing 3 is high. Furthermore, the cooling fluid L can be supplied to the first bearing 4 and the second bearing 5 to lubricate them, thereby simplifying the mechanism of the crusher A. Furthermore, the cooling fluid L flowing inside the shaft portion 1 is discharged from the shaft portion 1 outside the housing 3, and therefore the spatial volume of the accommodation space 30 can be increased compared to a configuration in which the cooling fluid L is discharged from the shaft portion 1 in the accommodation space 30 of the housing 3. Furthermore, by supporting the shaft portion 1 at two points using the first bearing 4 and the second bearing 5, the shaft portion 1 can be driven and rotated stably.

[0041] The above-described embodiment contemplates the following configuration: (1) A crusher A for heating and crushing biomass raw materials, the crusher A comprising: a housing 3 that accommodates crushing blades 2 and crushing balls formed on a shaft portion 1; a first bearing 4 that supports one end (second shaft member 12) of the shaft portion 1; a second bearing 5 that supports the other end (third shaft member 13) opposite to the one end of the shaft portion 1; and synchronous drive devices (drive devices 6, 7) that are provided at each of the one end and the other end and drive the shaft portion 1 to rotate about an axis X of the shaft portion 1.

[0042] According to this configuration, one end of the shaft portion 1 (second shaft member 12) is supported by the first bearing 4, and the other end of the shaft portion 1 (third shaft member 13) is supported by the second bearing 5. Therefore, even if the crushing blades 2 formed on the shaft portion 1 are enlarged to expand the accommodation space 30 inside the housing 3, the shaft portion 1 can be driven and rotated stably. Furthermore, since drive units 6, 7 that synchronously drive and rotate the shaft portion 1 are provided at one end and the other end of the shaft portion 1, respectively, the power required for each drive unit can be reduced compared to a configuration in which a drive unit is provided at only one end of the shaft portion 1, and the drive units 6, 7 can be made smaller. This prevents the crusher A from becoming larger overall.

[0043] (2) In the crusher A of (1), it is preferable that a cooling passage 20 is formed inside the shaft portion 1, through which a cooling fluid L for cooling the shaft portion 1 flows.

[0044] According to this configuration, the shaft portion 1 is cooled by circulating the cooling fluid L through the cooling passage 20 formed inside the shaft portion 1. As a result, the cooled shaft portion 1 absorbs heat from the crushing blades 2 formed on the shaft portion 1, the crushing balls or biomass raw material located near the shaft portion 1, and the like, thereby cooling them. This makes it possible to efficiently cool the storage space 30 inside the housing 3.

[0045] (3) The crusher A of (2) further includes a first supply passage 21 for supplying cooling fluid L to the first bearing 4 and a second supply passage 23 for supplying cooling fluid L to the second bearing 5, and it is preferable that the first supply passage 21 and the second supply passage 23 are connected to the cooling passage 20.

[0046] According to this configuration, the first supply path 21 and the second supply path 23 are connected to the cooling path 20, and therefore the cooling fluid L that has flowed through the cooling path 20 flows through the first supply path 21 and the second supply path 23 and is supplied to the first bearing 4 and the second bearing 5. This allows the first bearing 4 and the second bearing 5 to be lubricated by the cooling fluid L, eliminating the need to provide a separate mechanism for lubricating the first bearing 4 and the second bearing 5. This simplifies the structure of the crusher A and makes it possible to form a compact crusher A.

[0047] (4) The pulverizer A of (2) or (3) preferably further comprises a heat exchanger 8 to which a cooling fluid L is supplied, and the cooling fluid L circulates between the cooling path 20 and the heat exchanger 8.

[0048] According to this configuration, the cooling fluid L circulates between the cooling path 20 and the heat exchanger 8, so that the cooling fluid L cooled by the heat exchanger 8 always flows inside the shaft portion 1, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the shaft portion 1. Furthermore, the cooling fluid L can be reused, which is economical.

[0049] (a) In the above embodiment, the cooling fluid L flows through the cooling path 20 from the X1 side to the X2 side, but it may also flow through the cooling path 20 from the X2 side to the X1 side. In this case, the cooling fluid L that has flowed through the connecting flow path 22 flows from the hole portion 41 into the space 40 and is thereby supplied to the first bearing 4, and the cooling fluid L that has flowed through the connecting flow path 24 flows from the through hole 13 a into the space 50 and is thereby supplied to the second bearing 5.

[0050] (b) In the above embodiment, the storage space 30 of the housing 3 is cooled by a water-cooled jacket or the like provided on the outer circumferential surface of the housing 3. However, an air-cooled jacket or the like may be simply provided on the outer circumferential surface of the housing 3. Even in this case, the crusher A is provided with a cooling passage 20 that cools the shaft portion 1, so that the storage space 30 can be cooled.

[0051] (c) The pulverizer A may be provided with a measuring unit that measures the internal temperature of the accommodation space 30. The measuring unit may predict the internal temperature of the accommodation space 30 from the temperature of the outer peripheral surface of the housing 3, or may predict the internal temperature based on temperature changes of the cooling fluid L circulating through the cooling path 20. The heat exchanger 8 may adjust the temperature of the cooling fluid L based on the internal temperature of the accommodation space 30 measured or predicted by the measuring unit. This allows the internal temperature of the accommodation space 30 to be adjusted with high accuracy.

[0052] (d) The cooling fluid L may heat the shaft portion 1. This makes it possible to raise the temperature of the shaft portion 1 and adjust the internal temperature of the accommodation space 30 of the housing 3. A heater or the like for heating the cooling fluid L may be provided on the cooling circuit C of the pulverizer A. The cooling circuit C may also have a switching mechanism for switching between heating and cooling the cooling fluid L. By switching between heating and cooling the shaft portion 1 with the cooling fluid L, it becomes easier to adjust the temperature of the accommodation space 30.

[0053] The present disclosure is applicable to a pulverizer that heats and pulverizes biomass feedstock.

[0054] 1: shaft portion, 2: crushing blade, 2a: crushing blade, 2b: crushing blade, 3: housing, 4: first bearing, 5: second bearing, 6: driving device, 7: driving device, 8: heat exchanger, 20: cooling path, 21: first supply path, 23: second supply path, A: crusher, L: cooling fluid, X: shaft core

Claims

1. A grinder for heating and grinding biomass raw materials, comprising: a housing that accommodates grinding blades formed on a shaft and grinding balls; a first bearing that supports one end of the shaft; a second bearing that supports the other end of the shaft opposite to the one end; and synchronous drive devices that are provided at each of the one end and the other end and drive the shaft to rotate around the axis of the shaft.

2. A crusher according to claim 1, wherein a cooling passage is formed inside the shaft portion through which a cooling fluid for cooling the shaft portion flows.

3. A crusher according to claim 2, further comprising: a first supply passage for supplying the cooling fluid to the first bearing; and a second supply passage for supplying the cooling fluid to the second bearing, wherein the first supply passage and the second supply passage are in communication with the cooling passage.

4. A pulverizer according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a heat exchanger to which the cooling fluid is supplied, the cooling fluid circulating between the cooling passage and the heat exchanger.

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