Surgical attachment for a surgical device

Abstract

A surgical attachment for a surgical device includes an attachment body extending along a central axis between a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device. The surgical attachment for a surgical device includes a cutting tool at the distal end of the attachment body. The cutting tool includes a tube extending along the central axis to a tool end. The cutting tool includes a cutting collar at the tool end. The cutting tool has a notch formed in the cutting collar. The cutting collar has a cutting edge at the tool end extending around a perimeter of the tool end. The cutting edge has a base at an inner end of the notch, a tip at an outer end of the notch, and a transition between the base and the tip. The transition has a path length between the base and the tip greater than a linear distance measured between the base and the tip.

Description

SURGICAL ATTACHMENT FOR A SURGICALDEVICEBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The subject matter herein relates generally to an ultrasonic surgical device, and more particularly, to an ultrasonic surgical attachment for a surgical device.

[0002] Ultrasonic surgical devices are used in surgical procedures for various applications, such as, dissection, aspiration, coagulation, and cutting of biological tissue. Typically, ultrasonic surgical devices use piezoelectric transducers to operate as a half-wavelength resonator by generating a high frequency wave oscillation that vibrates various surgical tools at a resonant frequency. Generally, resonance can be defined as the time harmonic exchange of the strain energy of the distributed elasticity with the motional energy of the movement of a structure's distributed elasticity. Compared to traditional surgical tools and techniques, ultrasonic surgical devices provide numerous advantages. For example, ultrasonic vibration provides more precise cutting and better coagulation of the tissue than electro- surgical instruments, thereby reducing bleeding and reduced damage to surrounding tissue. In addition, ultrasonic vibration provides for less thermal damage, such as charring, and less desiccation than cryogenic or electro- surgical instruments.

[0003] Conventional ultrasonic surgical devices provide longitudinal vibration in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the device. The transducers generate vibration in an axial direction along the axis of the device. Longitudinal vibration of the transducers moves the surgical tool reciprocally in an axial direction. The longitudinal vibration causes cavitation of the tissue to remove the tissue by aspiration of the tissue and irrigation fluid at the surgical site. Some known ultrasonic surgical devices provide other types of motion to enhance cutting action. For example, some conventionalultrasonic surgical devices provide a combined movement consisting of partially longitudinal and partially torsional (called LT) motion.

[0004] The ultrasonic surgical devices use surgical tools at the tip of the device to dissect the tissue during the surgical procedure. For example, some known surgical devices include a V-shaped notch at the tip of the surgical tool. However, it has been found that the V-shaped tip has a limiting ability to remove some tissues, such as fibrous tissue. For example, because fibrous tissue has lower water content than other soft tissues, the cavitation effect of the surgical tool is reduced, leading to longer surgical time and additional damage to the surrounding tissue.

[0005] There is a need for an improved cutting tool for ultrasonic surgical devices that improves cavitation effects, particularly for fibrous tissue, to provide more precise and efficient operation.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0006] The subject-matter of the independent claims solves the above- mentioned problems. Advantages embodiments of the invention are subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0007] In one embodiment, a surgical attachment for a surgical device is provided and includes an attachment body extending along a central axis between a proximal end and a distal end. The attachment body is a rigid structure configured to be attached to an end of the ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device. The attachment body may be made from a metal material compatible with surgical use. The attachment body may be long and slender. The attachment body may be cylindrical. The proximal end is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device. The handpiece may be configured for ultrasonic motion of the attachment body about a central axis of the attachment body. The central axis extends longitudinally between the ends of the attachment body. The central axis may be internally centeredalong the attachment body and follow the shape of the attachment body, such as in a linear path or along angled or curved paths of the attachment body. The surgical attachment for a surgical device includes a cutting tool at the distal end of the attachment body, i.e. at the distal end of the surgical attachment. The cutting tool includes a tube extending along the central axis to a tool end. The cutting tool includes a cutting collar at the tool end. The cutting collar is a cutting end of the cutting tool. The cutting collar has a profile for cutting through tissue. The cutting tool has a notch formed in the cutting collar. The notch is an opening or cutout area to chape or profile the cutting end of the cutting tool. Providing the notch increases the surface area of the cutting end of the cutting tool to improve cutting the tissue. The cutting collar has a cutting edge at the tool end extending around a perimeter of the tool end. The cutting edge is the distal end of the cutting tool configured to engage and cut the tissue. The cutting edge has a base or bottom at an inner end of the notch, a tip at an outer end of the notch, and a transition between the base and the tip. The tip is the distal portion of the cutting edge. The tip may be shaped or profiled for enhanced cutting of the tissue. The tip may be curved. The transition is part of the cutting edge and may be profiled or shaped to enhance cutting of the tissue. The transition may be smooth between the tip and the base. The transition of the cutting edge defines a surface area of the notch, the transition being shaped to have a surface area larger than 0.5*width*height of the notch. The width may be a curvilinear measurement following the curved shape of the cutting edge. The height is measured along the longitudinal axis of the tool.

[0008] Preferably, the notch has a curved profile. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0009] Preferably, the notch is U-shaped. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0010] Preferably, a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V-shaped notch. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0011] Preferably, a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a transition extending coincident with a linear path defined between the base and the tip. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0012] Preferably, the notch is non-rectilinear. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0013] Preferably, the notch includes a flat bottom and curved cutting edges extending from the bottom. The flat bottom increases the size of the notch by spreading the transition portions apart from each other. The curved cutting edges may be easier to form during manufacture. The curved edges improve the cutting action by the cutting edge to improve cavitation.

[0014] Preferably, the transition has a point of inflection, wherein a tangent of the transition at the point of inflection is at a transition angle greater than an angle of a linear path defined between the base and the tip. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content. The tangent of the transition is a straight line that touches the curved surface of the transition. The point of inflection is a point on the curve of the transition in which the concavity changes. The transition angle is the general angle of the transition at a point between the base and the tip relative to the longitudinal axis.

[0015] Preferably, the point of inflection is remote from the tip and remote from the base. Having the point of inflection closer to the tip increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0016] Preferably, the point of inflection is located at or adjacent to the tip. Having the point of inflection closer to the tip increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0017] Preferably, the tangent is approximately parallel to the central axis. Having the tangent closer to parallel to the central axis increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0018] Preferably, the tangent is greater than 45° relative to the central axis. Having the tangent greater than 45° increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed compared to examples having the tangent at or less than 45°, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0019] Preferably, the notch passes transversely through the tool end of the tube perpendicular to the central axis between a first side and a second side of the tube. This allows the notch to pass entirely across or through the end of the tool to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0020] Preferably, the cutting collar includes curved cutting walls curved around the central axis, the notch being flanked by the curved cutting walls on opposite sides of the notch. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0021] Preferably, the tube includes a first cutting wall on a first side of the notch and a second cutting wall on a second side of the notch. The cutting wall is a structure used for cutting the tissue. The cutting wall has multiple cutting edges, such as along the tip, the base, and the transition. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0022] Preferably, the first cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis and the second cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis. For example the cutting walls may be provided on opposite sides of the notch to form cutting areas along different areas around the cutting tool. This allows use of a cylindrical tube to ease manufacturability.

[0023] Preferably, the first and second cutting walls are formed from the end of the tube. This improves manufacturability.

[0024] Preferably, the cutting edge includes a first cutting edge extending along the first cutting wall and a second cutting edge extending along the second cutting wall, the first cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0025] Preferably, the first cutting edge includes a reverse curve between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge including a reverse curve between the base of the tip. This provides a large surface area for the cutting edge to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0026] Preferably, the first cutting edge has a sinusoidal curvature, the second cutting edge having a sinusoidal curvature. The sinusoidal curvature has a point of inflection. The sinusoidal curvature is a smooth continuous curve. This provides a large surface area for the cutting edge to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0027] Preferably, the first cutting wall includes a third cutting edge opposite the first cutting edge, the third cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting wall including a fourth cutting edge opposite the second cutting edge, the fourth cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0028] Preferably, the first cutting edge and the third cutting edge meet at the tip and the second cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the tip, and wherein the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge meet at the base and the third cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the base. This structure forms a continuous cutting edge around the end of the tool.

[0029] Preferably, the tip includes flat segments. The flat segments may extend between transition portions that extend into the notch. The flat segments avoid having a pointed tip. The flat segments increase the robustness of the tip of the cutting tool.

[0030] Preferably, the base includes flat segments. The flat segments increase the size of the notch, such as by spreading the transition portions apart from each other to increase the size of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0031] Preferably, the cutting edge follows a sinusoidal, circumferential path having two peaks and two valleys formed by the notch and the collar. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0032] Preferably, the tube of the cutting tool surrounds a central bore, the central bore being open for aspiration. This ensures for removing removed tissue, irrigation fluid and blood.

[0033] Preferably, the attachment body is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device for longitudinal ultrasonic motion parallel to the central axis. The attachment body allows removal of the cutting tool, such as for cleaning or replacement.

[0034] In another embodiment, a surgical attachment for a surgical device is provided and includes an attachment body extending along a central axis between a proximal end and a distal end. The attachment body is a rigid structure configured to be attached to an end of the ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device. The attachment body may be made from a metal material compatible with surgical use. The attachment body may be long and slender. The attachment body may be cylindrical. The proximal end is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device. The handpiece may be configured for ultrasonic motion of the attachment body about a central axis of the attachment body. The central axis extendslongitudinally between the ends of the attachment body. The central axis may be internally centered along the attachment body and follow the shape of the attachment body, such as in a linear path or along angled or curved paths of the attachment body. The surgical attachment for a surgical device includes a cutting tool at the distal end of the attachment body, i.e. at the distal end of the surgical attachment. The cutting tool includes a tube extending along the central axis to a tool end. The cutting tool includes a cutting collar at the tool end. The cutting collar is a cutting end of the cutting tool. The cutting collar has a profile for cutting through tissue. The cutting tool has a notch formed in the cutting collar. The notch is an opening or cutout area to chape or profile the cutting end of the cutting tool. Providing the notch increases the surface area of the cutting end of the cutting tool to improve cutting the tissue. The cutting collar has a cutting edge at the tool end extending around a perimeter of the tool end. The cutting edge is the distal end of the cutting tool configured to engage and cut the tissue. The cutting edge has a base or bottom at an inner end of the notch, a tip at an outer end of the notch, and a transition between the base and the tip. The tip is the distal portion of the cutting edge. The tip may be shaped or profiled for enhanced cutting of the tissue. The tip may be curved. The transition is part of the cutting edge and may be profiled or shaped to enhance cutting of the tissue. The transition may be smooth between the tip and the base. The transition has a path length between the base and the tip greater than a linear distance measured between the base and the tip.

[0035] Preferably, the notch has a curved profile. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0036] Preferably, the notch is U-shaped. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0037] Preferably, a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V-shaped notch. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0038] Preferably, a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a transition extending coincident with a linear path defined between the base and the tip. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0039] Preferably, the transition of the cutting edge defines a surface area of the notch, the transition being shaped to have a surface area larger than 0.5*width*height of the notch. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0040] Preferably, the notch is non-rectilinear. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0041] Preferably, the notch includes a flat bottom and curved cutting edges extending from the bottom. The flat bottom increases the size of the notch by spreading the transition portions apart from each other. The curved cutting edges may be easier to form during manufacture. The curved edges improve the cutting action by the cutting edge to improve cavitation.

[0042] Preferably, the transition has a point of inflection, wherein a tangent of the transition at the point of inflection is at a transition angle greater than an angle of a linear path defined between the base and the tip. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0043] Preferably, the point of inflection is remote from the tip and remote from the base. The tangent of the transition is a straight line that touches the curved surface of the transition. The point of inflection is a point on the curve of the transition in which the concavity changes. The transition angle is the general angle of the transition at a point between the base and the tip relative to the longitudinal axis.

[0044] Preferably, the point of inflection is located at or adjacent to the tip. Having the point of inflection closer to the tip increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0045] Preferably, the tangent is approximately parallel to the central axis. Having the tangent closer to parallel to the central axis increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0046] Preferably, the tangent is greater than 45° relative to the central axis. Having the tangent greater than 45° increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed compared to examples having the tangent at or less than 45°, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0047] Preferably, the notch passes transversely through the tool end of the tube perpendicular to the central axis between a first side and a second side of the tube. This allows the notch to pass entirely across or through the end of the tool to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0048] Preferably, the cutting collar includes curved cutting walls curved around the central axis, the notch being flanked by the curved cutting walls on opposite sides of the notch. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0049] Preferably, the tube includes a first cutting wall on a first side of the notch and a second cutting wall on a second side of the notch. The cutting wall is a structure used for cutting the tissue. The cutting wall has multiple cutting edges, such as along the tip, the base, and the transition. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0050] Preferably, the first cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis and the second cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis. For example the cutting walls may be provided on opposite sides of the notch to form cutting areas along different areas around the cutting tool. This allows use of a cylindrical tube to ease manufacturability.

[0051] Preferably, the first and second cutting walls are formed from the end of the tube. This improves manufacturability.

[0052] Preferably, the cutting edge includes a first cutting edge extending along the first cutting wall and a second cutting edge extending along the second cutting wall, the first cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0053] Preferably, the first cutting edge includes a reverse curve between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge including a reverse curve between the base of the tip. This provides a large surface area for the cutting edge to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0054] Preferably, the first cutting edge has a sinusoidal curvature, the second cutting edge having a sinusoidal curvature. The sinusoidal curvature has a point of inflection. The sinusoidal curvature is a smooth continuous curve. This provides a large surface area for the cutting edge to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0055] Preferably, the first cutting wall includes a third cutting edge opposite the first cutting edge, the third cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting wall including a fourth cutting edge opposite the second cutting edge, the fourth cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0056] Preferably, the first cutting edge and the third cutting edge meet at the tip and the second cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the tip, and wherein the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge meet at the base and the third cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the base. This structure forms a continuous cutting edge around the end of the tool.

[0057] Preferably, the tip includes flat segments. The flat segments may extend between transition portions that extend into the notch. The flat segments avoid having a pointed tip. The flat segments increase the robustness of the tip of the cutting tool.

[0058] Preferably, the base includes flat segments. The flat segments increase the size of the notch, such as by spreading the transition portions apart from each other to increase the size of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0059] Preferably, the cutting edge follows a sinusoidal, circumferential path having two peaks and two valleys formed by the notch and the collar. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0060] Preferably, the tube of the cutting tool surrounds a central bore, the central bore being open for aspiration. This ensures for removing removed tissue, irrigation fluid and blood.

[0061] Preferably, the attachment body is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device for longitudinal ultrasonic motion parallel to the central axis. The attachment body allows removal of the cutting tool, such as for cleaning or replacement.

[0062] In another embodiment, a surgical attachment for a surgical device is provided and includes an attachment body extending along a central axis between a proximal end and a distal end. The attachment body is a rigid structure configured to be attached to an end of the ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device. The attachment body may be made from a metal material compatible with surgical use. The attachment body may be long and slender. The attachment body may be cylindrical. The proximal end is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device. The handpiece may be configured for ultrasonic motion of the attachment body about a central axis of the attachment body. The central axis extendslongitudinally between the ends of the attachment body. The central axis may be internally centered along the attachment body and follow the shape of the attachment body, such as in a linear path or along angled or curved paths of the attachment body. The surgical attachment for a surgical device includes a cutting tool at the distal end of the attachment body, i.e. at the distal end of the surgical attachment. The cutting tool includes a tube extending along the central axis to a tool end. The cutting tool includes a notch formed in the tool end. The notch has a curved profile. The notch is an opening or cutout area to chape or profile the cutting end of the cutting tool. Providing the notch increases the surface area of the cutting end of the cutting tool to improve cutting the tissue.

[0063] Preferably, the cutting tool includes a cutting collar at the tool end, the notch formed in the cutting collar. The cutting collar is a cutting end of the cutting tool. The cutting collar has a profile for cutting through tissue. Preferably, the cutting collar has a cutting edge at the tool end extending around a perimeter of the tool end. The cutting edge is the distal end of the cutting tool configured to engage and cut the tissue. Preferably, the cutting edge has a base or bottom at an inner end of the notch, a tip at an outer end of the notch, and a transition between the base and the tip. The tip is the distal portion of the cutting edge. The tip may be shaped or profiled for enhanced cutting of the tissue. The tip may be curved. The transition is part of the cutting edge and may be profiled or shaped to enhance cutting of the tissue. The transition may be smooth between the tip and the base. Preferably, the transition has a path length between the base and the tip greater than a linear distance measured between the base and the tip. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0064] Preferably, the notch is U-shaped. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0065] Preferably, a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V-shaped notch. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0066] Preferably, a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a transition extending coincident with a linear path defined between the base and the tip. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0067] Preferably, the transition of the cutting edge defines a surface area of the notch, the transition being shaped to have a surface area larger than 0.5*width*height of the notch. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0068] Preferably, the notch is non-rectilinear. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0069] Preferably, the notch includes a flat bottom and curved cutting edges extending from the bottom. The flat bottom increases the size of the notch by spreading the transition portions apart from each other. The curved cutting edges may be easier to form during manufacture. The curved edges improve the cutting action by the cutting edge to improve cavitation.

[0070] Preferably, the notch passes transversely through the tool end of the tube perpendicular to the central axis between a first side and a second side of the tube. This allows the notch to pass entirely across or through the end of the tool to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0071] Preferably, the cutting collar includes curved cutting walls curved around the central axis, the notch being flanked by the curved cutting walls on opposite sides of the notch. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0072] Preferably, the tube includes a first cutting wall on a first side of the notch and a second cutting wall on a second side of the notch. The cutting wall is a structure used for cutting the tissue. The cutting wall has multiple cutting edges, such as along the tip, the base, and the transition. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0073] Preferably, the first cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis and the second cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis. For example the cutting walls may be provided on opposite sides of the notch to form cutting areas along different areas around the cutting tool. This allows use of a cylindrical tube to ease manufacturability.

[0074] Preferably, the first and second cutting walls are formed from the end of the tube. This improves manufacturability.

[0075] Preferably, the first cutting wall includes a first cutting edge extending between a base and a tip, the first cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip of the first cutting edge, the second cutting wall including a second cutting edge extending between a base and a tip, the second cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip of the second cutting edge. The base is a bottom of the notch and forms part of the cutting edge. The tip is the distal portion of the cutting edge. The tip may be shaped or profiled for enhanced cutting of the tissue. The tip may be curved.

[0076] Preferably, the first cutting edge includes a reverse curve between the base and the tip of the first cutting edge, the second cutting edge including a reverse curve between the base of the tip of the second cutting edge. This provides a large surface area for the cutting edge to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0077] Preferably, the first cutting edge has a sinusoidal curvature, the second cutting edge having a sinusoidal curvature. The sinusoidal curvature has a point of inflection. The sinusoidal curvature is a smooth continuous curve. This provides a large surface area for the cutting edge to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0078] Preferably, the first cutting wall includes a third cutting edge extending between a base and a tip of the third cutting edge, the third cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip of the third cutting edge, the second cutting wall including a fourth cutting edge extending between a base and a tip of the fourth cutting wall, the fourth cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip of the fourth cutting edge. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0079] Preferably, the tube has an outer edge and the notch has a bottom edge, the first cutting edge and the third cutting edge meet at the outer edge of the tube and the second cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the outer edge of the tube, and wherein the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge meet at the bottom edge of the notch and the third cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the bottom edge of the notch. The outer edge is the outer-most portion of the cutting edge. The bottom edge is the inner-most portion of the cutting edge. The outer edge and the bottom edge form portions of the cutting edge. The cutting edge transitions at the outer edge and the bottom edge.

[0080] Preferably, the end of the tube includes an outer cutting edge following a sinusoidal, circumferential path having two peaks and two valleys formed by the notch. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0081] Preferably, the tip includes flat segments. The flat segments may extend between transition portions that extend into the notch. The flat segments avoid having a pointed tip. The flat segments increase the robustness of the tip of the cutting tool.

[0082] Preferably, the base includes flat segments. The flat segments increase the size of the notch, such as by spreading the transition portions apart from each other to increase the size of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0083] Preferably, the tube of the cutting tool surrounds a central bore, the central bore being open for aspiration. This ensures for removing removed tissue, irrigation fluid and blood.

[0084]

[0085] Preferably, the attachment body is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device for longitudinal ultrasonic motion parallel to the central axis. The attachment body allows removal of the cutting tool, such as for cleaning or replacement. In another embodiment, a surgical attachment for a surgical device is provided and includes an attachment body extending along a central axis between a proximal end and a distal end. The attachment body is a rigid structure configured to be attached to an end of the ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device. The attachment body may be made from a metal material compatible withsurgical use. The attachment body may be long and slender. The attachment body may be cylindrical. The proximal end is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device. The handpiece may be configured for ultrasonic motion of the attachment body about a central axis of the attachment body. The central axis extends longitudinally between the ends of the attachment body. The central axis may be internally centered along the attachment body and follow the shape of the attachment body, such as in a linear path or along angled or curved paths of the attachment body. The surgical attachment for a surgical device includes a cutting tool at the distal end of the attachment body, i.e. at the distal end of the surgical attachment. The cutting tool includes a tube extending along the central axis to a tool end. The cutting tool includes a cutting collar at the tool end. The cutting collar is a cutting end of the cutting tool. The cutting collar has a profde for cutting through tissue. The cutting tool has a notch formed in the cutting collar. The notch is an opening or cutout area to chape or profile the cutting end of the cutting tool. Providing the notch increases the surface area of the cutting end of the cutting tool to improve cutting the tissue. The cutting collar has a cutting edge at the tool end extending around a perimeter of the tool end. The cutting edge is the distal end of the cutting tool configured to engage and cut the tissue. The cutting edge has a base at an inner end of the notch, a tip at an outer end of the notch, and a transition between the base and the tip. The base is at a bottom of the notch. The tip is the distal portion of the cutting edge. The tip may be shaped or profiled for enhanced cutting of the tissue. The tip may be curved. The transition is part of the cutting edge and may be profiled or shaped to enhance cutting of the tissue. The transition may be smooth between the tip and the base. The transition has a point of inflection, wherein a tangent of the transition at the point of inflection is at a transition angle less than an angle of a linear path defined between the base and the tip. The tangent of the transition is a straight line that touches the curved surface of the transition. The point of inflection is a point on the curve of the transition in which the concavity changes. The transition angle is the general angle of the transition at a point between the base and the tip relative to the longitudinal axis.

[0086] Preferably, the point of inflection is remote from the tip and remote from the base. Having the point of inflection closer to the tip increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0087] Preferably, the point of inflection is located at or adjacent to the tip. Having the point of inflection closer to the tip increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0088] Preferably, the tangent is approximately parallel to the central axis. Having the tangent closer to parallel to the central axis increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0089] Preferably, the tangent is greater than 45° relative to the central axis. Having the tangent greater than 45° increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed compared to examples having the tangent at or less than 45°, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0090] Preferably, the transition has a path length between the base and the tip greater than a linear distance measured between the base and the tip. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0091] Preferably, the notch has a curved profile. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0092] Preferably, the notch is U-shaped. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0093] Preferably, a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V-shaped notch. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0094] Preferably, a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a transition extending coincident with a linear path defined between the base and the tip. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0095] Preferably, the transition of the cutting edge defines a surface area of the notch, the transition being shaped to have a surface area larger than 0.5*width*height of the notch. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content. The width may be a curvilinear measurement following the curved shape of the cutting edge. The height is measured along the longitudinal axis of the tool.

[0096] Preferably, the notch is non-rectilinear. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0097] Preferably, the notch includes a flat bottom and curved cutting edges extending from the bottom. The flat bottom increases the size of the notch by spreading the transition portions apart from each other. The curved cutting edges may be easier to form during manufacture. The curved edges improve the cutting action by the cutting edge to improve cavitation.

[0098] Preferably, the notch passes transversely through the tool end of the tube perpendicular to the central axis between a first side and a second side of the tube. This allows the notch to pass entirely across or through the end of the tool to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0099] Preferably, the cutting collar includes curved cutting walls curved around the central axis, the notch being flanked by the curved cutting walls on opposite sides of the notch. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0100] Preferably, the attachment body is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device for longitudinal ultrasonic motion parallel to the central axis. The attachment body allows removal of the cutting tool, such as for cleaning or replacement.

[0101] Preferably, the tube includes a first cutting wall on a first side of the notch and a second cutting wall on a second side of the notch. The cutting wall is a structure used for cutting the tissue. The cutting wall has multiple cutting edges, such as along the tip, the base, and the transition. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0102] Preferably, the first cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis and the second cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis. For example the cutting walls may be provided on opposite sides of the notch to form cutting areas along different areas around the cutting tool. This allows use of a cylindrical tube to ease manufacturability.

[0103] Preferably, the first and second cutting walls are formed from the end of the tube. This improves manufacturability.

[0104] Preferably, the cutting edge includes a first cutting edge extending along the first cutting wall and a second cutting edge extending along the second cutting wall, the first cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0105] Preferably, the first cutting edge includes a reverse curve between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge including a reverse curve between the base of the tip. This provides a large surface area for the cutting edge to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0106] Preferably, the first cutting edge has a sinusoidal curvature, the second cutting edge having a sinusoidal curvature. The sinusoidal curvature has a point of inflection. The sinusoidal curvature is a smooth continuous curve. This provides a large surface area for the cutting edge to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0107] Preferably, the first cutting wall includes a third cutting edge opposite the first cutting edge, the third cutting edge being curved between the base andthe tip, the second cutting wall including a fourth cutting edge opposite the second cutting edge, the fourth cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0108] Preferably, the first cutting edge and the third cutting edge meet at the tip and the second cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the tip, and wherein the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge meet at the base and the third cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the base. This structure forms a continuous cutting edge around the end of the tool.

[0109] Preferably, the tip includes flat segments. The flat segments may extend between transition portions that extend into the notch. The flat segments avoid having a pointed tip. The flat segments increase the robustness of the tip of the cutting tool.

[0110] Preferably, the base includes flat segments. The flat segments increase the size of the notch, such as by spreading the transition portions apart from each other to increase the size of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0111] Preferably, the cutting edge follows a sinusoidal, circumferential path having two peaks and two valleys formed by the notch and the collar. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.In another embodiment, a surgical device is provided and includes an ultrasonic handpiece that includes an ultrasonic transducer assembly configured to generate ultrasonic motion. The surgical device includes asurgical attachment in accordance with any of the before-mentioned embodiments operably coupled to the ultrasonic handpiece.

[0112] In a further embodiment, a surgical device is provided and includes an ultrasonic handpiece that includes an ultrasonic transducer assembly configured to generate ultrasonic motion. The ultrasonic handpiece may include a housing holding the ultrasonic transducer assembly. The surgical device includes a surgical attachment operably coupled to the ultrasonic handpiece. The surgical attachment includes an attachment body extending along a central axis between a proximal end and a distal end. The attachment body is a rigid structure configured to be attached to an end of the ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device. The attachment body may be made from a metal material compatible with surgical use. The attachment body may be long and slender. The attachment body may be cylindrical. The proximal end may be coupled to the ultrasonic handpiece. The central axis extends longitudinally between the ends of the attachment body. The central axis may be internally centered along the attachment body and follow the shape of the attachment body, such as in a linear path or along angled or curved paths of the attachment body. The surgical attachment includes a cutting tool at the distal end of the attachment body, i.e. at the distal end of the surgical attachment. The cutting tool includes a tube extending along the central axis to a tool end. The cutting tool includes a cutting collar at the tool end. The cutting collar is a cutting end of the cutting tool. The cutting collar has a profile for cutting through tissue. The cutting tool has a notch formed in the cutting collar. The notch is an opening or cutout area to chape or profile the cutting end of the cutting tool. Providing the notch increases the surface area of the cutting end of the cutting tool to improve cutting the tissue. The cutting collar has a cutting edge at the tool end extending around a perimeter of the tool end. The cutting edge is the distal end of the cutting tool configured to engage and cut the tissue. The cutting edge has a base or bottom at an inner end of the notch, a tip at an outer end of the notch, and a transition between the base and the tip. The tip is the distal portion of the cutting edge. The tip may be shaped or profiledfor enhanced cutting of the tissue. The tip may be curved. The transition is part of the cutting edge and may be profiled or shaped to enhance cutting of the tissue. The transition may be smooth between the tip and the base. The transition has a path length between the base and the tip greater than a linear distance measured between the base and the tip. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0113] Preferably, the notch has a curved profile. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0114] Preferably, the notch is U-shaped. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0115] Preferably, a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V-shaped notch. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0116] Preferably, a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a transition extending coincident with a linear path defined between the base and the tip. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0117] Preferably, the transition of the cutting edge defines a surface area of the notch, the transition being shaped to have a surface area larger than 0.5*width*height of the notch. This increases the opportunity for cavitation and increases cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content. Thewidth may be a curvilinear measurement following the curved shape of the cutting edge. The height is measured along the longitudinal axis of the tool.

[0118] Preferably, the notch is non-rectilinear. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0119] Preferably, the notch includes a flat bottom and curved cutting edges extending from the bottom. The flat bottom increases the size of the notch by spreading the transition portions apart from each other. The curved cutting edges may be easier to form during manufacture. The curved edges improve the cutting action by the cutting edge to improve cavitation.

[0120] Preferably, the transition has a point of inflection, wherein a tangent of the transition at the point of inflection is at a transition angle greater than an angle of a linear path defined between the base and the tip. This provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content. The tangent of the transition is a straight line that touches the curved surface of the transition. The point of inflection is a point on the curve of the transition in which the concavity changes. The transition angle is the general angle of the transition at a point between the base and the tip relative to the longitudinal axis.

[0121] Preferably, the point of inflection is remote from the tip and remote from the base. Having the point of inflection closer to the tip increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0122] Preferably, the point of inflection is located at or adjacent to the tip. Having the point of inflection closer to the tip increases the size of the notch and theamount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0123] Preferably, the tangent is approximately parallel to the central axis. Having the tangent closer to parallel to the central axis increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0124] Preferably, the tangent is greater than 45° relative to the central axis. Having the tangent greater than 45° increases the size of the notch and the amount of material at the cutting end that is removed compared to examples having the tangent at or less than 45°, which provides a large surface area increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0125] Preferably, the notch passes transversely through the tool end of the tube perpendicular to the central axis between a first side and a second side of the tube. This allows the notch to pass entirely across or through the end of the tool to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0126] Preferably, the cutting collar includes curved cutting walls curved around the central axis, the notch being flanked by the curved cutting walls on opposite sides of the notch. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0127] Preferably, the tube includes a first cutting wall on a first side of the notch and a second cutting wall on a second side of the notch. The cutting wall is astructure used for cutting the tissue. The cutting wall has multiple cutting edges, such as along the tip, the base, and the transition. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0128] Preferably, the first cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis and the second cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis. For example the cutting walls may be provided on opposite sides of the notch to form cutting areas along different areas around the cutting tool. This allows use of a cylindrical tube to ease manufacturability.

[0129] Preferably, the first and second cutting walls are formed from the end of the tube. This improves manufacturability.

[0130] Preferably, the cutting edge includes a first cutting edge extending along the first cutting wall and a second cutting edge extending along the second cutting wall, the first cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0131] Preferably, the first cutting edge includes a reverse curve between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge including a reverse curve between the base of the tip. This provides a large surface area for the cutting edge to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0132] Preferably, the first cutting edge has a sinusoidal curvature, the second cutting edge having a sinusoidal curvature. The sinusoidal curvature has a point of inflection. The sinusoidal curvature is a smooth continuous curve. This provides a largesurface area for the cutting edge to increase the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0133] Preferably, the first cutting wall includes a third cutting edge opposite the first cutting edge, the third cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting wall including a fourth cutting edge opposite the second cutting edge, the fourth cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0134] Preferably, the first cutting edge and the third cutting edge meet at the tip and the second cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the tip, and wherein the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge meet at the base and the third cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the base. This structure forms a continuous cutting edge around the end of the tool.

[0135] Preferably, the tip includes flat segments. The flat segments may extend between transition portions that extend into the notch. The flat segments avoid having a pointed tip. The flat segments increase the robustness of the tip of the cutting tool.

[0136] Preferably, the base includes flat segments. The flat segments increase the size of the notch, such as by spreading the transition portions apart from each other to increase the size of the notch increasing the opportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0137] Preferably, the cutting edge follows a sinusoidal, circumferential path having two peaks and two valleys formed by the notch and the collar. This provides cutting surfaces on both sides of the notch increasing theopportunity for cavitation and increasing cutting edges with which to cut through tissue with smaller amount of water content.

[0138] Preferably, the tube of the cutting tool surrounds a central bore, the central bore being open for aspiration. This ensures for removing removed tissue, irrigation fluid and blood.

[0139] PREFERABLY, THE ATTACHMENT BODY IS CONFIGURED TO BE OPERABLY COUPLED TO AN ULTRASONIC HANDPIECE OF THE SURGICAL DEVICE FOR LONGITUDINAL ULTRASONIC MOTION PARALLEL TO THE CENTRAL AXIS. THE ATTACHMENT BODY ALLOWS REMOVAL OF THE CUTTING TOOL, SUCH AS FOR CLEANING OR REPLACEMENT. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0140] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic surgical system constructed in accordance with an embodiment that includes a surgical device having a proximal end operatively connected to a control system with a connection assembly.

[0141] Figure 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of the ultrasonic surgical device in accordance with an embodiment.

[0142] Figure 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of the ultrasonic surgical device in accordance with an embodiment.

[0143] Figure 4 is a cross-section view of the ultrasonic surgical device taken along section A-A shown in Figure 1 in accordance with an embodiment.

[0144] Figure 5 is a front perspective view of the surgical attachment in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

[0145] Figure 6 is a rear perspective view of the surgical attachment in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

[0146] Figure 7 is a cross sectional view of the surgical attachment in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

[0147] Figure 8 is an enlarged end view of a portion of the surgical attachment illustrating ultrasonic motion at the working zone in accordance with an embodiment.

[0148] Figure 9 is a side view of an end portion of the surgical attachment in accordance with an embodiment.

[0149] Figure 10 is a side view of an end portion of the surgical attachment in accordance with an embodiment.

[0150] Figure 11 is a side view of an end portion of the surgical attachment in accordance with an embodiment.

[0151] Figure 12 is a top view of the surgical attachment in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

[0152] Figure 13 is a bottom view of the surgical attachment in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

[0153] Figure 14 is a right side view of the surgical attachment in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

[0154] Figure 15 is a left side view of the surgical attachment in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

[0155] Figure 16 is a rear view of the surgical attachment in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

[0156] Figure 17 is a front view of the surgical attachment in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0157] The following detailed description illustrates the inventive subject matter by way of example and not by way of limitation. The description enables one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the inventive subject matter, describes several embodiments of the inventive subject matter, as well as adaptations, variations, alternatives, and uses of the inventive subject matter. Additionally, it is to be understood that the inventive subject matter is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangements of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The inventive subject matter is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or being carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting on all embodiments of the inventive subject matter.

[0158] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “including,” and “having,” are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. The steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their respective performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as a preferred order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.

[0159] Embodiments described herein include ultrasonic surgical systems that have control systems, surgical handpieces, motors, and surgical attachments used in surgical procedures to engage biological tissue. For example, the ultrasonic surgical system may have a surgical handpiece with a motor having a transducer assembly, such as a longitudinal transducer assembly, a torsional transducer assembly, or another type of transducer assembly. The transducer assembly may have a variety of configurations as set forth herein. For example, the transducer assembly may be configured to create a standing wave along the central axis of the surgical handpiece in response to the application of an electrical current and voltage from a power source or control system. In various embodiments, the standing wave may define an alternating pattern of nodes and anti-nodes along the central axis with a position of one of the antinodes corresponds with the position of a working plane of a surgical attachment that engages biological tissue. Tissue in the context of the whole application can be each type of biological tissue, i.e., it can be tissue from a human or an animal patient but can also be dead tissue, including soft, hard and fibrous tissue. The surgical attachment may have a variety of configurations as set forth herein. Optionally, the ultrasonic surgical system may include an irrigation assembly and / or an aspiration assembly to irrigate and / or aspirate the biological tissue.

[0160] Embodiments described herein include a cutting tool at the distal end of the surgical attachment used to dissect and / or remove biological tissue. The cutting tool includes a cutting edge, uniquely patterned for efficient dissection and cutting of biological tissue. In an exemplary embodiment, the cutting edge has a large surface area for efficient tissue removal. The cutting tool may be used for dissection or cutting of hard tissue (for example, bone) and / or soft tissue. The cutting tool may be used in various surgical procedures, such as neurosurgery, spinal surgery, orthopedic surgery, plastic / reconstructive surgery, ear, nose and throat surgery, or other types of surgery.

[0161] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic surgical system10 constructed in accordance with an embodiment that includes a surgical device 12having a proximal end 13 operatively connected to a control system 14 with a connection assembly 16. In an exemplary embodiment, the control system 14 is configured to provide power, irrigation fluid, and suction or aspiration at a working zone 18 of a distal end 15 of the device 12 during a surgical procedure. The working zone 18 of the device 12 may engage biological tissue 20 at a surgical site 22 to perform various surgical procedures, such as, cutting, coagulation, irrigation, and aspiration. In alternate embodiments, the device 12 may be configured to engage soft biological tissue, such as, muscular tissue, connective tissue, nervous tissue, epithelial tissue, and the like, or hard biological tissue, such as, bone, enamel, dentin, cementum, and the like.

[0162] In an exemplary embodiment, the surgical device 12 includes an ultrasonic handpiece 100 and a surgical attachment 300 coupled to an end of the ultrasonic handpiece 100. The ultrasonic handpiece 100 includes a housing 110 surrounding and holding a motor 200 used to generate ultrasonic motion. In response to the application of electrical current and voltage from the control system 14, the motor 200 creates the ultrasonic signal, such as a standing wave, along the central axis A, such as with an alternating pattern of nodes and anti-nodes located at various positions along the central axis A.

[0163] Generally, the standing wave may be described as a wave that oscillates in time but whose peak amplitude profile does not move in space. The standing wave may represent the distribution of motion along the length of the surgical device 12 whose amplitude varies harmonically in time but remains spatially stationary. The peak amplitude of the wave oscillations at any point in space is constant in time, and the oscillations at different points throughout the wave are in phase with each other. A node of the standing wave is a location at which the amplitude of the standing wave is minimum, which may include zero. At the nodes, there is minimal to no displacement during each vibrational cycle. The standing wave may be formed by the interference of two traveling waves. Therefore, nodes are produced at locations where destructive interference occurs. An anti-node of the standing wave is a location at which theamplitude of the standing wave is maximum. At the anti-nodes, there is a maximum displacement during each vibrational cycle. The anti-node vibrates back and forth between a positive displacement and a negative displacement. Anti-nodes are produced at locations where constructive interference occurs.

[0164] The standing wave created along the device 12 results in vibrational or oscillatory motion along or about the central axis A at the working zone 18 of the surgical attachment 300. For example, the amplitude of the tip 320 at the working zone 18 may be a maximum of about 18 mils peak-to-peak (450 microns) with an operating resonance frequency of about 24500 to 25500 Hz. However, alternate embodiments may produce other amplitudes at the working zone 18 and / or with other operating resonance frequencies. The motion of the surgical attachment may be in a longitudinal direction along the central axis A and / or in a torsional direction rotated about the central axis A. The motion of the surgical attachment may be in a longitudinal- torsional (LT) direction. The motion of the surgical attachment may be in a transverse direction, such as transverse to the central axis A. The motion of the surgical attachment may be wave-like, such as Rayleigh waves along the surface of the surgical attachment. The ultrasonic motion of the surgical tip provides smooth and precise control during the operation, leading to less damage to surrounding tissue.

[0165] The control system 14 includes a power source 24 that provides electrical current and power to the device 12 via the connection assembly 16. For example, the device 12 may have an operating frequency in a range of 24500 to 25500 Hz and be driven by the control system 14 with power in a range of 85 to 110 watts. In alternate embodiments, the device 12 may have an operating frequency of less than 24500 Hz or greater than 25500 Hz and be driven with power of less than 85 watts or greater than 110 watts.

[0166] An exemplary embodiment of the control system 14 also includes an irrigation fluid source 26 configured to provide irrigation fluid to the device12 via the connection assembly 16. In one embodiment, the device 12 may be configured to communicate irrigation fluid through one or more irrigation channels of the device 12 to the working zone 18 and the surgical site 22 for use as a cooling medium and irrigation. For example, the irrigation fluid source 26 may include an irrigation pump (not shown), such as a peristaltic pump, configured to pump water from a water source to the device 12 via the connection assembly 16.

[0167] In addition, an exemplary embodiment of the control system 14 includes an aspiration collector 28 to provide suction to the device 12 via the connection assembly 16. In one embodiment, the device 12 may be configured to provide suction through a suction channel of the device 12 to the working zone 18 and the surgical site 22 for use as aspiration. For example, the aspiration collector 28 may include a vacuum pump (not shown), configured to create a vacuum to the handpiece via the connection assembly 16 to communicate aspirated biological tissue from the working zone 18 and surgical site 22 to a biological waste cannister (not shown).

[0168] In the illustrated embodiment, the connection assembly 16 includes an electrical connection 30 that transmits electrical power from the power source 24 of the control system 14 to the device 12. For example, the electrical connection 30 includes an electrical cable 32 having a distal end 33 coupled with the device 12, and an electrical connector 36 attached to a proximal end 38 of the cable 32. Optionally, a strain relief 40 is attached at a cable end 42 of the electrical connector 36. As illustrated, the electrical connector 36 is a high-voltage modular connector that detachably connects with the control system 14. However, in alternate embodiments, the connector may be any suitable connector capable of operatively connecting with the control system 14.

[0169] The connection assembly 16 also includes an irrigation connection 44 that transmits irrigation fluid from the irrigation fluid source 26 of the control system 14 to the device 12. For example, the irrigation connection includes a tube46 having a proximal end 48 connected to the control system 14 and a distal end 50 coupled with the device 12, such as with an irrigation barb.

[0170] The connection assembly 16 also includes an aspiration connection 74 that transmits aspirated material from the device 12 to the aspirator collector 28 of the control system 14. For example, the aspirator connection 74 includes a tube 76 having a proximal end 78 connected to the control system 14 and a distal end 80 coupled with the device 12, such as with an aspiration barb.

[0171] Figure 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of the ultrasonic surgical device 12 in accordance with an embodiment. Figure 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of the ultrasonic surgical device 12 in accordance with an embodiment. Figure 4 is a cross-section view of the ultrasonic surgical device 12 taken along section A-A shown in Figure 1. The surgical device 12 includes the handpiece 100 and the surgical attachment 300. The handpiece 100 includes the housing 110 and the motor 200 configured to be held in the housing 110. In the illustrated embodiment, the surgical device 12 is angled having the surgical attachment 300 oriented at an angle relative to the motor 200. However, in alternative embodiments, the surgical device 12 may be linear having the surgical attachment 300 axially aligned with the motor 200.

[0172] In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 110 includes an inner sleeve 112, an outer sleeve 114, a collar 116, a nosecone 118, and an irrigation sleeve 120, that detachably assemble to receive the motor 200 and the surgical attachment 300. The housing 110 defines an irrigation channel 122 (Figure 3) that communicates irrigation fluid from the irrigation connection 44 to the working zone 18. For example, the generally cylindrical inner sleeve 1 12 includes a bore 124 configured to receive the motor 200. The generally cylindrical outer sleeve 114 includes a bore 126 configured to receive the inner sleeve 112 and motor 200 and defines a portion of the generally annular irrigation channel 122 between the inner sleeve 120 and the outer sleeve 122. The collar 116 detachably couples with a proximal end 128 of the outer sleeve 114, such as with athreaded connection. The nosecone 118 includes a proximal end 130 configured to detachably couple, such as with a threaded connection, with a distal end 132 of the outer sleeve 114 and define a portion of the irrigation channel 122. The irrigation sleeve 120 includes a proximal end 134 configured to detachably couple, such as with a threaded connection, with a distal end 136 of the nosecone 118 and define a portion of the irrigation channel 122. A proximal end 137 of the irrigation sleeve 120 defines an outlet 138 configured to direct irrigation fluid from the irrigation channel 122 to the working zone 18 and surgical site 22. In one or more embodiments, each component of the housing 110 may be manufactured from any suitable material, including, but not limited to, polymers, metals, metal alloys, any combination thereof.

[0173] In an exemplary embodiment, the motor 200 includes a connector block 202 at a proximal end 204, an amplifier 206 at a distal end 208, and a transducer assembly 210 disposed between the connector block 202 and the amplifier 206. The connector block 202, transducer assembly 210, and amplifier 206 are aligned along the central axis A of the device 12 and configured for operative connection to the power source 24 via the connection assembly 16 (Figure 1).

[0174] In an exemplary embodiment, the transducer assembly 210 includes a first stack 212 of transducer elements and a second stack 214 of transducer elements aligned along the center axis A in opposition to each other. The stacks 212, 214 are configured to operate or resonate as a full-wavelength resonator. Each stack 212, 214, includes a shaft or bolt 216 configured to couple with a plurality of transducers 218, a set of electrodes 220, and an inert ring 222. In an exemplary embodiment, the transducers 218 may be longitudinal transducers configured to generate longitudinal motion. In other embodiments, the transducers 218 may be torsional transducers configured to generate torsional motion. The first stack 212 is connected to the connector block 202 and the second stack 214 is connected to amplifier 206. A set of three electrodes 220 are disposed between the components and operatively connected to the control system 14 via the electrical connection 30 of the connection assembly 16 (Figure 1). An insulator sleeve232 is disposed between the shaft 216, the ultrasonic transducers 218, the electrodes 220, and the inert ring 222 to provide electrical insulation between the components. For example, the insulator 232 may be a generally cylindrical sleeve comprised of any suitable electrically insulating material, such as a thermoplastic polymer material. When assembled, the transducer assembly is placed under a predetermined amount of pre-stress to provide for proper interfacing between components. For example, the transducer assembly 210 is placed under a pre-stress in a range of about 1500-2500 psi. In alternate embodiments, the transducer assembly 210 may include any number of stacks of ultrasonic transducers, including a single stack.

[0175] In the illustrated embodiment, each ultrasonic transducer 218 is a piezoelectric ring configured to convert electrical energy into ultrasonic vibrations. Each transducer 218 includes a proximal end surface 234, a distal end surface 236, a generally annular outer surface 238, and a bore 240. The end surfaces 234, 236 may be generally smooth to increase the acoustic contact between transducers 218 when assembled. For example, the end surfaces 234, 236 may be absent of any coatings and polished to a surface roughness in a range of about 2 Ra to 6 Ra. In alternate embodiments, each ring may include a coating (not shown) on one or more of the surfaces with a predetermined thickness. The coating may be manufactured from an electrically conductive material, such as, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, silver, a silver alloy, copper, a copper alloy, gold, a gold alloy, platinum, a platinum alloy, tin, a tin alloy, palladium, a palladium alloy, nickel, a nickel alloy, beryllium, a beryllium alloy, tungsten, a tungsten alloy, a steel, chromium, a chromium alloy, titanium, a titanium alloy, and the like.

[0176] The dimensions of the transducer 218 are predetermined to achieve the proper piezoelectrical effect. For example, the thickness, the inner diameter, and the outer diameter of the transducer 218 may be selected to achieve a desired piezoelectrical effect, such as to control the ultrasonic vibration frequency. The dimensions and materials of the transducer 218 are predetermined to achieve the properconfiguration of the standing wave along the central axis A, and correspondingly, the position of the nodes and anti-nodes. In an exemplary embodiment, one or more of the ultrasonic transducers 218 may be manufactured from a piezoelectric ceramic material, such as, perovskite material, a lead zirconate titanate (“PZT”) material, piezoxide material, a PXE 5 grade material, a PXE 52 grade material, a PXE 59 grade material, a PXE 21 grade material, a PXE 41 grade material, a PXE 42 grade material, a PXE 43 grade material, a PXE 71 grade material, and the like. Alternatively, each transducer may be manufactured from a material having a crystal structure with no center of symmetry, such as, a perovskite crystal structure. In one or more embodiments, each ultrasonic transducer 218 may be manufactured from a material having a tetragonal crystal lattice elementary cell below the material's Curie temperature, such as, a cubic crystal lattice elementary cell above the material's Curie temperature.

[0177] In an exemplary embodiment, the connector block 202 is a generally cylindrical component having a proximal end 260 configured to detachably connect with the connection assembly 16 and a distal end 262 configured to couple with the transducer assembly 210. The outer surfaces 264 of the connector block 202 are configured to receive O-rings that form a hermetic seal with the housing 110 (FIG. 5). An aspiration bore 266 extends through the connector block 202 having an inlet 268 for coupling with the aspiration barb 82 at the proximal end 260, and an outlet 270 for coupling with a bore 290 of transducer assembly 210 at the distal end 262. An irrigation bore 272 extends through the connector block 202 having an inlet 274 for coupling with the irrigation barb 52 at the proximal end 260, and an outlet 276 for coupling with the coupling with the irrigation channels 122 at the distal end 262. The dimensions of the transducer 218 are predetermined to achieve the proper configuration of the standing wave, and correspondingly, the position of the nodes and anti-nodes.

[0178] In an exemplary embodiment, the amplifier 206 is a generally cylindrical component having a distal end 284 configured to detachably connect with the surgical attachment 300 and a proximal end 286 configured to couple with the transducerassembly 210. The dimensions of the amplifier 206 are predetermined to achieve the proper configuration of the standing wave, and correspondingly, the position of the nodes and anti -nodes.

[0179] In an exemplary embodiment, the surgical attachment 300 includes an adaptor 302 and an ultrasonic tip 320 aligned along the central axis A of the device 12. The adaptor 302 includes a body 306 having a proximal end 308 detachably connected to the motor 200, such as with a threaded bore 310, and a distal end 312 detachably connected to the ultrasonic tip 320, such as with a threaded bore 314. In the illustrated embodiment, the adaptor 302 is an angled adapter. The body 306 includes a proximal portion 316 and a distal portion 318 offset from each other at angle at a junction 319, such as an angle in the range of about 10°-45°, however, any angle can be used. In alternative embodiments, the adapter may be a longitudinal adapter following a linear path rather than being angled. In such embodiments, the central axis A extends along a linear path rather than an angled path.

[0180] In an exemplary embodiment, the ultrasonic tip 320 includes an attachment body 322 having a proximal end 324 detachably connected to the distal end 312 of the adaptor 302, such as with a threaded portion, and a distal end 326 at the working zone 18 configured for engagement of biological tissue. The attachment body 322 is movable in the ultrasonic motion direction generated by the handpiece 100. The attachment body 322 may include a plurality of portions having discretely different dimensions. For example, the body 322 may include a base portion 330 at the proximal end 324, a tip portion 332 at the distal end 326, and a sloped intermediate portion 334 disposed between the base portion 330 and the tip portion 332. A central bore 336 extends through the length of attachment body 322 along the center axis A. The central bore 336 may be used for aspiration and or irrigation. The ultrasonic tip 320 is configured so that when the device 12 is assembled, the position of the working zone 18 corresponds to one of the anti-nodes of the standing wave.

[0181] In an exemplary embodiment, the ultrasonic tip 320 includes a cutting tool 350 at the distal end 326 of the attachment body 322. The cutting tool 350 may be integral with the attachment body 322, or a portion of the attachment body 322, such as the tip portion 332. For example, the cutting tool 350 may be milled or cut into the end of the attachment body 322. In alternative embodiments, the cutting tool 350 is separate and discrete from the attachment body 322 and coupled thereto.

[0182] The cutting tool 350 includes a cutting collar 360 configured to cut into patient tissue during the surgical procedure. In an exemplary embodiment, the cutting collar 360 is movable along cutting paths, with the cutting tool 350, corresponding to the ultrasonic motion of the attachment body 322, such as the longitudinal motion and / or torsional motion of the surgical attachment 300. The ultrasonic motion of the cutting tool 350 provides smooth and precise control during the operation, leading to less damage to surrounding tissue. The ultrasonic tip 320 is configured to accomplish various surgical procedures. For example, the ultrasonic tip 320 may be configured to engage soft biological tissue, such as, fibrous tissue, muscular tissue, connective tissue, nervous tissue, epithelial tissue, and the like, or hard biological tissue, such as, bone, enamel, dentin, cementum, and the like.

[0183] In one or more embodiments, the adaptor 302 and / or the tip 320 may be manufactured from any suitable material, including, but not limited to, polymers, metals, metal alloys, any combination thereof. For example, the adaptor 302 and / or the tip 320 may be manufactured from titanium, a titanium alloy, titanium grade 23, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper, a copper alloy, iron, an iron alloy, nickel, a nickel alloy, silver, a silver alloy, cobalt, a cobalt alloy, tin, a tin alloy, gold, a gold alloy, tungsten, a tungsten alloy, beryllium, a beryllium alloy, platinum, a platinum alloy, chromium, a chromium alloy, lead, a lead alloy, palladium, a palladium alloy, zinc, a zinc alloy, rhodium, a rhodium alloy, niobium, a niobium alloy, vanadium, a vanadium alloy, manganese, a manganese alloy, indium, and indium alloy, tantalum, a tantalum alloy, molybdenum, a molybdenum alloy, cadmium, a cadmium alloy, thallium, a thalliumalloy, ruthenium, a ruthenium alloy, iridium, an iridium alloy, gallium, a gallium alloy, osmium, an osmium alloy, rhenium, a rhenium alloy, stainless steel, a brass, a bronze, a duralumin, or a ni tinol.

[0184] Figure 5 is a front perspective view of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Figure 6 is a rear perspective view of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Figure 7 is a cross sectional view of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Figure 8 is an enlarged end view of a portion of the surgical attachment 300 illustrating ultrasonic motion at the working zone 18 in accordance with an embodiment. Figure 9 is a side view of an end portion of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an embodiment.

[0185] The surgical attachment 300 includes the ultrasonic tip 320 including the attachment body 322 and the cutting tool 350 at the distal end 326 of the attachment body 322. The attachment body 322 extends along the central axis A. In an exemplary embodiment, the attachment body 322 is a hollow tube having the central bore 336 being open and extending along the central axis A. In an exemplary embodiment, the attachment body 322 is cylindrical, particularly at the distal end 326. The attachment body 322 includes an exterior surface. The exterior surface may be cylindrical. The attachment body 322 may have other shapes in alternative embodiments, such as having a rectangular or square cross section.

[0186] In an exemplary embodiment, the cutting tool 350 includes a tube 335 surrounding the central bore 336. The tube 335 may be cylindrical. The tube335 extends to a tool end 338. The tube 335 includes an opening 337 to the central bore336 at the tool end 338. In an exemplary embodiment, the central bore 336 is used for aspiration. For example, the central bore 336 is in flow communication with the aspiration system (for example, the aspiration collector). The removed tissue and irrigation fluid may be aspirated through the opening 337 into the central bore 336. Theirrigation fluid may be used to cool the attachment body 322 and the cutting tool 350. For example, the irrigation fluid may flow along the central bore 336 to reduce a temperature of the surgical attachment 300. In an exemplary embodiment, the cutting tool 350 includes a pre-aspiration opening 339 remote from the distal end 326 to allow inlet of irrigation fluid into the central bore 336 at the pre-aspiration opening 339 location. The pre-aspiration opening 339 may divert some of the irrigation fluid into the central bore 336, such as to reduce misting of the irrigation fluid at the surgical site to improve visibility at the surgical site. The pre-aspiration opening 339 may divert some of the irrigation fluid into the central bore 336 to lubricate the inside of the tube 335 to allow the aspirated tissues and fluid to flow through the central bore 336 without clogging.

[0187] The cutting tool 350 is provided at the distal end 326. The cutting tool 350 includes the cutting collar 360 arranged at a working interface for cutting the patient tissue. The cutting collar 360 is arranged at the exterior surface of the attachment body 322, such as proximate to the distal end 326. In an exemplary embodiment, the cutting collar 360 extends entirely circumferentially around (for example, 360°) the distal end 326 to form the cutting tool 350. The cutting collar 360 may be used to scrape or fde away the tissue during operation. The cutting collar 360 may be used to create cavitation of cellular tissue to remove the tissue during operation. The cutting tool 350 is suited for fast removal of the tissue material.

[0188] In an exemplary embodiment, the cutting collar 360 is defined by the end of the tube 335. The end of the tube 335 is formed to include a shaped or profiled cutting edge 362. The cutting edge 362 extends around the perimeter of the tool end 338. In an exemplary embodiment, the cutting edge 362 is non-coplanar. For example, portions of the cutting collar 360 at the cutting edge 362 are non-coplanar. The cutting collar 360 undulates to different cutting depths from a tip 354 at the outer tool end 338. In an exemplary embodiment, the tool end 338 includes a notch 370 formed in the cutting collar 360 that defines a portion of the profiled cutting edge 362. The notch 370 may be formed in opposite sides of the cutting collar 360 (for example, right side and leftside). In an exemplary embodiment, the cutting collar 360 includes a first cutting wall 380 on a first side of the notch 370 and a second cutting wall 390 on a second side of the notch 370. The notch 370 is flanked by the cutting walls 380, 390 on opposite sides of the notch 370. Optionally, the cutting walls 380, 390 are curved about the central axis A. The cutting edge 362 traverses along the first cutting wall 380, into the notch 370, along the second cutting wall 390, into the notch 370, and back to the first cutting wall 380. The cutting walls 380 define peaks and the notch 370 defines valleys along the cutting edge 362. The cutting collar 360 may include additional notches and cutting walls in alternative embodiments to increase the number of peaks and valleys along the cutting edge 362.

[0189] In an exemplary embodiment, the notch 370 is open at the tool end 338. The notch 370 passes through the cutting collar 360, such as perpendicular to the central axis A. For example, the notch 370 passes transversely through the tool end 338 of the tube 335 perpendicular to the central axis A between a first side and a second side of the tube 335. The notch 370 recesses the cutting edge 362 into the cutting collar 360. The notch 370 may be formed by milling, cutting, drilling or otherwise removing a portion of the cutting collar 360 at the tool end 338. The notch is concave. The notch 370 has a depth, an outer width at an outer end of the notch 370, and an inner width at an inner end of the notch 370. The cutting edge 362 has a base 372 at the inner end of the notch 370. The base 372 may be flat and have a length. Alternatively, the base 372 may have a point, such as an inflection point, with the cutting walls 380, 390 extending outward at both sides of the point back toward the tip 354. In an exemplary embodiment, the notch 370 is non-rectilinear. For example, the notch 370 has a curved profile. In various embodiments, the notch 370 may be U-shaped. In alternative embodiments, the notch 370 may be rectilinear, such as being rectangular or trapezoidal shaped.

[0190] The first cutting wall 380 is formed from the tube 335. The first cutting wall 380 is a portion of the cutting collar 360 that remains after the notch 370 is formed in the tube 335. In an exemplary embodiment, when the tube 335 is cylindrical,the first cutting wall 380 is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis A. The first cutting wall 380 extends between the base 372 and the tip 354. For example, the first cutting wall 380 forms transitions 356 for the cutting edge 362 between the base 372 and the tip 354.

[0191] In an exemplary embodiment, the first cutting wall 380 includes an outer cutting edge 382 at the tip 354 at the outer end of the cutting collar 360. The first cutting wall 380 includes a first cutting edge 384 extending along the transition 356 between the tip 354 and the base 372 at one side of the notch 370. The first cutting wall 380 includes a second cutting edge 386 extending along the transition 356 between the tip 354 and the base 372 at the other side of the notch 370. Optionally, the first and second cutting edges 384, 386 may have the same profiles. For example, the first and second cutting edges 384, 386 may be mirrored versions of each other. However, the first and second cutting edges 384, 386 may have different profiles in alternative embodiments.

[0192] In an exemplary embodiment, the transition 356 of the cutting edge 384, 386 between the base 372 and the tip 354 has a path length (measured between the base 372 and the tip 354) that is greater than a linear distance (straight line path) measured between the base 372 (at the centroid of the base) and the tip 354. The increased path length, compared to straight line path, increases the surface area of the cut made by the cutting collar 360, which corresponds to an increase in the opportunity for cavitation and thus improved performance. The shape of the notch 370 controls the path length. By removing additional material from the tube 335 compared to forming a V- shaped notch with cutting edges following the linear base-to-tip path (at the centroid of the base), the overall path length of the cutting edges 384, 386 is increased. In an exemplary embodiment, the shape of the notch 370 is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge 362 compared to a V-shaped notch. For example, the transition 356 of the cutting edge 384, 386 defines a surface area of the notch 370, wherein the transition 356 is shaped to have a surface area larger than 0.5*width*height of the notch 370 (for example, surface area of a V-shaped notch). The width may be a curvilinear measurementfollowing the curved shape of the tube 335. The height is measured along the longitudinal axis of the tool. The notch 370 has an increased volume (occupies more void space) compared to a V-shaped notch having linear edges, meeting at a point, forming the V- shaped notch. In contrast, the cutting collar 360 has a greater amount of material removed to form the notch 370 as compared to a V-shaped notch.

[0193] In an exemplary embodiment, the cutting edges 384, 386 are curved between the base 372 and the tip 354. For example, the cutting edges 384, 386 follow arcuate paths. The cutting edges 384, 386 may be parabolic. In an exemplary embodiment, each cutting edge 384, 386 follows a path defined by a reverse curve between the base 372 and the tip 354. The path of the reverse curve generally follows two adjacent circular curves with deflections in opposite directions. For example, the transition 356 of each cutting edge 384, 386 includes a point of inflection 388, where the curvature changes sign, such as to change from convex to concave, or vice versa. In various embodiments, the cutting edges have a sinusoidal curvature. In other various embodiments, rather than being curved, the cutting edges 384, 386 may be rectilinear, such as including one or more linear segments between the base 372 and the tip 354.

[0194] The second cutting wall 390 is formed from the tube 335. The second cutting wall 390 is a portion of the cutting collar 360 that remains after the notch 370 is formed in the tube 335. The second cutting wall 390 may be identical to the first cutting wall 380, such as a mirrored version on the opposite side of the notch 370. However, the first and second cutting walls 380, 390 may have different profiles in alternative embodiments. In an exemplary embodiment, when the tube 335 is cylindrical, the second cutting wall 390 is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis A. The second cutting wall 390 extends between the base 372 and the tip 354. For example, the second cutting wall 390 forms transitions 356 for the cutting edge 362 between the base 372 and the tip 354.

[0195] In an exemplary embodiment, the second cutting wall 390 includes an outer cutting edge 392 at the tip 354 at the outer end of the cutting collar 360. The second cutting wall 390 includes a third cutting edge 394 extending along the transition 356 between the tip 354 and the base 372 at one side of the notch 370. The second cutting wall 390 includes a fourth cutting edge 396 extending along the transition 356 between the tip 354 and the base 372 at the other side of the notch 370. Optionally, the third and fourth cutting edges 394, 396 may have the same profdes. For example, the third and fourth cutting edges 394, 396 may be mirrored versions of each other. However, the third and fourth cutting edges 394, 396 may have different profiles in alternative embodiments.

[0196] In an exemplary embodiment, the transition 356 of the third and fourth cutting edges 394, 396 between the base 372 and the tip 354 has a path length (measured between the base 372 and the tip 354) that is greater than a linear distance (straight line path) measured between the base 372 (at the centroid of the base) and the tip 354. The increased path length, compared to straight line path, increases the surface area of the cut made by the cutting collar 360, which corresponds to an increase in the opportunity for cavitation and thus improved performance. The shape of the notch 370 controls the path length. By removing additional material from the tube 335 compared to forming a V-shaped notch with cutting edges following the linear base-to-tip path (at the centroid of the base), the overall path length of the third and fourth cutting edges 394, 396 is increased. In an exemplary embodiment, the shape of the notch 370 is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge 362 compared to a V-shaped notch.

[0197] In an exemplary embodiment, the third and fourth cutting edges 394, 396 are curved between the base 372 and the tip 354. For example, the third and fourth cutting edges 394, 396 follow arcuate paths. The third and fourth cutting edges 394, 396 may be parabolic. In an exemplary embodiment, each cutting edge 394, 396 includes a reverse curve between the base 372 and the tip 354. For example, the transition 356 of each cutting edge 394, 396 includes a point of inflection 398, where the curvaturechanges sign, such as to change from convex to concave, or vice versa. In various embodiments, the cutting edges have a sinusoidal curvature. In other various embodiments, rather than being curved, the third and fourth cutting edges 394, 396 may be rectilinear, such as including one or more linear segments between the base 372 and the tip 354.

[0198] In an exemplary embodiment, the first and second cutting edges 384, 386 meet at the tip 354 along the outer end of the first cutting wall 380. For example, the first and second cutting edges 384, 386 meet at the outer cutting edge 382. For example, the first and second cutting edges 384, 386 may be spaced apart from each other. The outer cutting edge 382 may be flat, such as oriented perpendicular to the central axis A. The outer cutting edge 382 may be arcuate along a path that extends partially circumferentially about the central axis A. In various embodiments, the outer cutting edge 382 may extend along an arcuate path having an arc length of between 30° and 120°. More particularly, the outer cutting edge 382 may extend along an arcuate path having an arc length of between 45° and 90°. In an exemplary embodiment, the outer cutting edge 382 may extend along an arcuate path having an arc length of approximately 60°.

[0199] In an exemplary embodiment, the third and fourth cutting edges 394, 396 meet at the tip 354 along the outer end of the second cutting wall 390. For example, the first and second cutting edges 394, 396 meet at the outer cutting edge 392. For example, the first and second cutting edges 394, 396 may be spaced apart from each other. The outer cutting edge 392 may be flat, such as oriented perpendicular to the central axis A. The outer cutting edge 392 may be arcuate along a path that extends partially circumferentially about the central axis A. In various embodiments, the outer cutting edge 392 may extend along an arcuate path having an arc length of between 30° and 120°. More particularly, the outer cutting edge 392 may extend along an arcuate path having an arc length of between 45° and 90°. In an exemplary embodiment, the outercutting edge 392 may extend along an arcuate path having an arc length of approximately 60°.

[0200] In an exemplary embodiment, the first cutting edge 384 of the first cutting wall 380 and the first cutting edge 394 of the second cutting wall 390 meet at the base 372 of the notch 370. The cutting edges 384, 394 may meet at a point at the base 372. For example, the base 370 may be an inflection point such that the cutting edge 362 is a continuous curve from the first cutting wall 380 to the second cutting wall 390. Alternatively, the base 372 may include a flat bottom between the cutting edges 384, 394 of the first and second cutting walls 380, 390. In an exemplary embodiment, the second cutting edge 386 of the first cutting wall 380 and the second cutting edge 396 of the second cutting wall 390 meet at the base 372 of the notch 370 on the opposite side of the cutting collar 360. The cutting edges 386, 396 may meet at a point at the base 372. For example, the base 370 may be an inflection point such that the cutting edge 362 is a continuous curve from the first cutting wall 380 to the second cutting wall 390. Alternatively, the base 372 may include a flat segment between the cutting edges 386, 396 of the first and second cutting walls 380, 390.

[0201] In an exemplary embodiment, the transitions 356 of the cutting edges 384, 386, 394, 396 have the inflection points 388, 398 where the curvature of the edges change. In an exemplary embodiment, a tangent of the transition 356 at the point of inflection 388, 398 is at a transition angle 400 less than an angle 402 of a linear path 404 defined between the base 372 (at the centroid of the base) and the tip 354. As such, the transition 356 extends along a path that is steeper than a V-shaped notch to remove additional material and increase the volume of the notch. The steep transition and enlarged notch (compared to V-shaped notch) increases the surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V-shaped notch, which increases cavitation and thus improves performance during operation. In an exemplary embodiment, the tangent of the transition 356 at the point of inflection 388, 398 is less than 45° relative to the central axis A. In an exemplary embodiment, the point of inflection 388, 398 is remote from the tip 354 andremote from the base 372. For example, the point of inflection 388, 398 may be approximately centered along the transition 356 between the tip 354 and the base 372. The depth of the transition 356 (rate of change in the depth) may be steeper proximate to the tip 354 and shallower proximate to the base 372. In alternative embodiments, the point of inflection 388, 398 may be located at or adjacent to the tip 354. For example, the transition 356 may be generally perpendicular to the flat section of the outer cutting edge 382 at the outer portion of the transition 356 prior to transitioning to a flat bottom at the base 372. The tangent of the transition 356 at the point of inflection 388, 398 (at the tip 354) is approximately parallel to the central axis A.

[0202] Figure 10 is a side view of an end portion of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an embodiment. The cutting edge 362 of the cutting collar 360 has a different shape than the embodiment of Figure 9. The notch 370 is shaped differently than the embodiment of Figure 9. The cutting walls 380, 390 have different shapes than the embodiment of Figure 9. In the illustrated embodiment, the cutting edges 384, 394 have a reverse curve including a convex curve portion and a concave curve portion. The inflection points 388, 398 are located remote from the tip 354 (compared to located at the tip 354 in the embodiment of Figure 9). The inflection points 388, 398 are located approximately centered between the base 372 and the tip 354. The tangent of the transition 356 at the point of inflection 388, 398 is at a transition angle 400 less than an angle 402 of a linear path 404 defined between the base 372 (at the centroid of the base) and the tip 354. As such, the transition 356 extends along a path that is steeper than a V-shaped notch to remove additional material and increase the volume of the notch. The steep transition and enlarged notch (compared to V-shaped notch) increases the surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V-shaped notch, which increases cavitation and thus improves performance during operation.

[0203] Figure 11 is a side view of an end portion of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an embodiment. The cutting edge 362 of the cutting collar 360 has a different shape than the embodiments of Figures 9 and 10. The notch 370is shaped differently than the embodiments of Figures 9 and 10. The cutting walls 380, 390 have different shapes than the embodiments of Figures 9 and 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the cutting edges 384, 394 are generally parallel to the central axis A and extend to a generally flat bottom at the base 372. The transition 356 is at a transition angle 400 less than an angle 402 of a linear path 404 defined between the base 372 (at the centroid of the base) and the tip 354. As such, the transition 356 extends along a path that is steeper than a V-shaped notch to remove additional material and increase the volume of the notch. The steep transition and enlarged notch (compared to V-shaped notch) increases the surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V-shaped notch, which increases cavitation and thus improves performance during operation.

[0204] Figure 12 is a top view of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Figure 13 is a bottom view of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Figure 14 is a right side view of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Figure 15 is a left side view of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Figure 16 is a rear view of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Figure 17 is a front view of the surgical attachment 300 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

[0205] As used herein, an element or step recited in the singular and proceeded with the word “a” or “an” should be understood as not excluding plural of said elements or steps, unless such exclusion is explicitly stated. Furthermore, references to “one embodiment” of the presently described subject matter are not intended to be interpreted as excluding the existence of additional embodiments that also incorporate the recited features. Moreover, unless explicitly stated to the contrary, embodiments “comprising” or “having” an element or a plurality of elements having a particular property may include additional such elements not having that property.

[0206] This written description uses examples to disclose several embodiments of the subject matter set forth herein, including the best mode, and also to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to practice the embodiments of disclosed subject matter, including making and using the devices or systems and performing the methods. The patentable scope of the subject matter described herein is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those of ordinary skill in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.

[0207] The foregoing description of certain embodiments of the present inventive subject matter will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. To the extent that the figures illustrate diagrams of the functional blocks of various embodiments, the functional blocks are not necessarily indicative of the division between hardware circuitry. Thus, for example, one or more of the functional blocks (for example, communication unit, control system, etc.) may be implemented in a single piece of hardware (for example, a general -purpose signal processor, microcontroller, random access memory, hard disk, and the like). Similarly, the programs may be stand-alone programs, may be incorporated as subroutines in an operating system, may be functions in an installed software package, and the like. The various embodiments are not limited to the arrangements and instrumentality shown in the drawings.

[0208] Since certain changes may be made in the above-described systems and methods, without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive subject matter herein involved, it is intended that all of the subject matter of the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted merely as examples illustrating the inventive concept herein and shall not be construed as limiting the inventive subject matter.

[0209] Changes can be made in the above constructions without departing from the scope of the disclosure, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

[0210] It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described embodiments (and / or aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Dimensions, types of materials, orientations of the various components, and the number and positions of the various components described herein are intended to define parameters of certain embodiments, and are by no means limiting and are merely exemplary embodiments. Many other embodiments and modifications within the spirit and scope of the claims will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. In the appended claims, the terms "including" and "in which" are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms "comprising" and "wherein." Moreover, in the following claims, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects. Further, the limitations of the following claims are not written in means - plus-function format and are not intended to be interpreted based on 35 U.S.C. § 112(f), unless and until such claim limitations expressly use the phrase “means for” followed by a statement of function void of further structure.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A surgical attachment for a surgical device comprising: an attachment body extending along a central axis between a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device; and a cutting tool at the distal end of the attachment body, the cutting tool including a tube extending along the central axis to a tool end, the cutting tool including a cutting collar at the tool end, the cutting tool having a notch formed in the cutting collar, the cutting collar having a cutting edge at the tool end extending around a perimeter of the tool end, the cutting edge having a base at an inner end of the notch, a tip at an outer end of the notch, and a transition between the base and the tip, the transition having a path length between the base and the tip greater than a linear distance measured between the base and the tip.

2. The surgical attachment of claim 1, wherein the notch has a curved profile.

3. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the notch is U-shaped.

4. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V- shaped notch.

5. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a transition extending coincident with a linear path defined between the base and the tip.

6. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the transition of the cutting edge defines a surface area of the notch, the transition being shaped to have a surface area larger than 0.5*width*height of the notch.

7. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the notch is non-rectilinear.

8. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the notch includes a flat bottom and curved cutting edges extending from the bottom.

9. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the transition has a point of inflection, wherein a tangent of the transition at the point of inflection is at a transition angle greater than an angle of a linear path defined between the base and the tip.

10. The surgical attachment of claim 9, wherein the point of inflection is remote from the tip and remote from the base.

11. The surgical attachment of one of claims 9 or 10, wherein the point of inflection is located at or adjacent to the tip.

12. The surgical attachment of one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the tangent is approximately parallel to the central axis.

13. The surgical attachment of one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the tangent is greater than 45° relative to the central axis.

14. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the notch passes transversely through the tool end of the tube perpendicular to the central axis between a first side and a second side of the tube.

15. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the cutting collar includes curved cutting walls curved around the central axis, the notch being flanked by the curved cutting walls on opposite sides of the notch.

16. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the tube includes a first cutting wall on a first side of the notch and a second cutting wall on a second side of the notch.

17. The surgical attachment of claim 16, wherein the first cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis and the second cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis.

18. The surgical attachment of one of claims 16 or 17, wherein the first and second cutting walls are formed from the end of the tube.

19. The surgical attachment of one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the cutting edge includes a first cutting edge extending along the first cutting wall and a second cutting edge extending along the second cutting wall, the first cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip.

20. The surgical attachment of claim 19, wherein the first cutting edge includes a reverse curve between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge including a reverse curve between the base of the tip.21 . The surgical attachment of one of claims 19 or 20, wherein the first cutting edge has a sinusoidal curvature, the second cutting edge having a sinusoidal curvature.

22. The surgical attachment of one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the first cutting wall includes a third cutting edge opposite the first cutting edge, the third cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting wall including afourth cutting edge opposite the second cutting edge, the fourth cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip.

23. The surgical attachment of claim 22, wherein the first cutting edge and the third cutting edge meet at the tip and the second cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the tip, and wherein the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge meet at the base and the third cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the base.

24. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the tip includes flat segments.

25. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the base includes flat segments.

26. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 25, wherein the cutting edge follows a sinusoidal, circumferential path having two peaks and two valleys formed by the notch and the collar.

27. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the tube of the cutting tool surrounds a central bore, the central bore being open for aspiration.

28. The surgical attachment of one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the attachment body is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device for longitudinal ultrasonic motion parallel to the central axis.

29. A surgical attachment for a surgical device comprising: an attachment body extending along a central axis between a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device; anda cutting tool at the distal end of the attachment body, the cutting tool including a tube extending along the central axis to a tool end, the cutting tool including a notch formed in the tool end, the notch having a curved profile.

30. The surgical attachment of claim 29, wherein the cutting tool includes a cutting collar at the tool end, the notch formed in the cutting collar, the cutting collar having a cutting edge at the tool end extending around a perimeter of the tool end, the cutting edge having a base at an inner end of the notch, a tip at an outer end of the notch, and a transition between the base and the tip, the transition having a path length between the base and the tip greater than a linear distance measured between the base and the tip.

31. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 or 30, wherein the notch is U-shaped.

32. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 31, wherein a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V- shaped notch.

33. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 32, wherein a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of a cutting edge at the tool end compared to a transition extending coincident with a linear path defined between the base and the tip.

34. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 33, wherein the transition of the cutting edge defines a surface area of the notch, the transition being shaped to have a surface area larger than 0.5*width*height of the notch.

35. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 34, wherein the notch is non-rectilinear.

36. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 35, wherein the notch includes a flat bottom and curved cutting edges extending from the bottom.

37. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 36, wherein the notch passes transversely through the tool end of the tube perpendicular to the central axis between a first side and a second side of the tube.

38. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 37, wherein the cutting collar includes curved cutting walls curved around the central axis, the notch being flanked by the curved cutting walls on opposite sides of the notch.

39. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 38, wherein the tube includes a first cutting wall on a first side of the notch and a second cutting wall on a second side of the notch.

40. The surgical attachment of claim 39, wherein the first cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis and the second cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis.

41. The surgical attachment of one of claims 39 or 40, wherein the first and second cutting walls are formed from the end of the tube.

42. The surgical attachment of one of claims 39 to 41, wherein the first cutting wall includes a first cutting edge extending between a base and a tip, the first cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip of the first cutting edge, the second cutting wall including a second cutting edge extending between a base and a tip, the second cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip of the second cutting edge.

43. The surgical attachment of claim 42, wherein the first cutting edge includes a reverse curve between the base and the tip of the first cutting edge, the secondcutting edge including a reverse curve between the base of the tip of the second cutting edge.

44. The surgical attachment of one of claims 42 or 43, wherein the first cutting edge has a sinusoidal curvature, the second cutting edge having a sinusoidal curvature.

45. The surgical attachment of one of claims 42 to 44, wherein the first cutting wall includes a third cutting edge extending between a base and a tip of the third cutting edge, the third cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip of the third cutting edge, the second cutting wall including a fourth cutting edge extending between a base and a tip of the fourth cutting wall, the fourth cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip of the fourth cutting edge.

46. The surgical attachment of claim 45, wherein the tube has an outer edge and the notch has a bottom edge, the first cutting edge and the third cutting edge meet at the outer edge of the tube and the second cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the outer edge of the tube, and wherein the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge meet at the bottom edge of the notch and the third cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the bottom edge of the notch.

47. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 46, wherein the end of the tube includes an outer cutting edge following a sinusoidal, circumferential path having two peaks and two valleys formed by the notch.

48. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 47, wherein the tube of the cutting tool surrounds a central bore, the central bore being open for aspiration.

49. The surgical attachment of one of claims 29 to 48, wherein the attachment body is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device for longitudinal ultrasonic motion parallel to the central axis.

50. A surgical attachment for a surgical device comprising: an attachment body extending along a central axis between a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device; and a cutting tool at the distal end of the attachment body, the cutting tool including a tube extending along the central axis to a tool end, the cutting tool including a cutting collar at the tool end, the cutting tool having a notch formed in the cutting collar, the cutting collar having a cutting edge at the tool end extending around a perimeter of the tool end, the cutting edge having a base at an inner end of the notch, a tip at an outer end of the notch, and a transition between the base and the tip, the transition having a point of inflection, wherein a tangent of the transition at the point of inflection is at a transition angle less than an angle of a linear path defined between the base and the tip.

51. The surgical attachment of claim 50, wherein the point of inflection is remote from the tip and remote from the base.

52. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 or 51, wherein the point of inflection is located at or adjacent to the tip.

53. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 52, wherein the tangent is approximately parallel to the central axis.

54. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 53, wherein the tangent is less than 45° relative to the central axis.

55. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 54, wherein the transition has a path length between the base and the tip greater than a linear distance measured between the base and the tip.

56. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 55, wherein the notch has a curved profile.

57. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 56, wherein the notch is U-shaped.

58. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 57, wherein a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a V- shaped notch.

59. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 58, wherein a shape of the notch is selected to increase a surface area of the cutting edge compared to a transition extending coincident with a linear path defined between the base and the tip.

60. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 59, wherein the transition of the cutting edge defines a surface area of the notch, the transition being shaped to have a surface area larger than 0.5*width*height of the notch.

61. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 60, wherein the notch is non-rectilinear.

62. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 61, wherein the notch includes a flat bottom and curved cutting edges extending from the bottom.

63. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 62, wherein the notch passes transversely through the tool end of the tube perpendicular to the central axis between a first side and a second side of the tube.

64. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 63, wherein the cutting collar includes curved cutting walls curved around the central axis, the notch being flanked by the curved cutting walls on opposite sides of the notch.

65. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 64, wherein the attachment body is configured to be operably coupled to an ultrasonic handpiece of the surgical device for longitudinal ultrasonic motion parallel to the central axis.

66. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 65, wherein the tube includes a first cutting wall on a first side of the notch and a second cutting wall on a second side of the notch.

67. The surgical attachment of claim 66, wherein the first cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis and the second cutting wall is curved partially circumferentially around the central axis.

68. The surgical attachment of one of claims 66 or 67, wherein the first and second cutting walls are formed from the end of the tube.

69. The surgical attachment of one of claims 66 to 68, wherein the cutting edge includes a first cutting edge extending along the first cutting wall and a second cutting edge extending along the second cutting wall, the first cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip.

70. The surgical attachment of claim 69, wherein the first cutting edge includes a reverse curve between the base and the tip, the second cutting edge including a reverse curve between the base of the tip.

71. The surgical attachment of one of claims 69 or 70, wherein the first cutting edge has a sinusoidal curvature, the second cutting edge having a sinusoidal curvature.

72. The surgical attachment of one of claims 69 to 71, wherein the first cutting wall includes a third cutting edge opposite the first cutting edge, the third cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip, the second cutting wall including a fourth cutting edge opposite the second cutting edge, the fourth cutting edge being curved between the base and the tip.

73. The surgical attachment of claim 72, wherein the first cutting edge and the third cutting edge meet at the tip and the second cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the tip, and wherein the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge meet at the base and the third cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge meet at the base.

74. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 73, wherein the tip includes flat segments.

75. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 74, wherein that base includes flat segments.

76. The surgical attachment of one of claims 50 to 75, wherein the cutting edge follows a sinusoidal, circumferential path having two peaks and two valleys formed by the notch and the collar.

77. A surgical device comprising: an ultrasonic handpiece including an ultrasonic transducer assembly configured to generate ultrasonic motion; and a surgical attachment in accordance with any of the preceding claims operably coupled to the ultrasonic handpiece.

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