OLED Anti-aging recording and compensation variability
By dynamically adjusting recording and compensation block sizes based on runtime factors, the method addresses high memory and power consumption issues in anti-aging pixel techniques, ensuring efficient resource use and effective pixel compensation in displays.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/095924
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-04
AI Technical Summary
Current techniques for anti-aging pixel recording and compensation in displays, such as OLEDs, result in high memory usage and power consumption, and are associated with security concerns due to the need for secure memory storage of historical pixel values.
The solution involves independently adjusting recording and compensation block sizes during runtime, using smaller block sizes for areas prone to aging and larger sizes for other regions, based on factors like layer names, coordinates, and AI object recognition, to balance resource consumption and anti-aging effectiveness.
This approach reduces memory usage and power consumption while maintaining high anti-aging visual quality by adaptively controlling block sizes, thus achieving a flexible balance between resource utilization and pixel compensation.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024095924_04122025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
OLED ANTI-AGING RECORDING AND COMPENSATION VARIABILITYTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more particularly, to techniques for display processing.
[0002] INTRODUCTION
[0003] Computing devices often perform graphics and / or display processing (e.g., utilizing a graphics processing unit (GPU) , a central processing unit (CPU) , a display processor, etc. ) to render and display visual content. Such computing devices may include, for example, computer workstations, mobile phones such as smartphones, embedded systems, personal computers, tablet computers, and video game consoles. GPUs are configured to execute a graphics processing pipeline that includes one or more processing stages, which operate together to execute graphics processing commands and output a frame. A central processing unit (CPU) may control the operation of the GPU by issuing one or more graphics processing commands to the GPU. Modern day CPUs are typically capable of executing multiple applications concurrently, each of which may need to utilize the GPU during execution. A display processor may be configured to convert digital information received from a CPU to analog values and may issue commands to a display panel for displaying the visual content. A device that provides content for visual presentation on a display may utilize a CPU, a GPU, and / or a display processor.
[0004] Current techniques for anti-aging pixel recording and compensation may be associated with relatively high memory usage and / or relatively high power consumption at a device. There is a need for improved techniques for anti-aging pixel recording and compensation.
[0005] BRIEF SUMMARY
[0006] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects. This summary neither identifies key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineates the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0007] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus includes a display, a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory and the display, where based on information stored in the memory, the processor is configured to: determine a recording block size, determine a compensation block size, record a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size, determine a display frame in accordance with a set of compensation pixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based on recording information in the recording block, and output the display frame to the display.
[0008] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects may include the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 is a block diagram that illustrates an example content generation system in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates an example graphics processor (e.g., a graphics processing unit (GPU) ) in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates an example display framework including a display processor and a display in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0012] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating burn-in on a display panel.
[0013] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a single pixel recording / compensation block size.
[0014] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating OLED anti-aging recording and compensation variability in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0015] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating OLED anti-aging recording and compensation variability in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0016] FIG. 8 is a call flow diagram illustrating example communications between a display processor and a display panel in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0017] FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] Various aspects of systems, apparatuses, computer program products, and methods are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein one skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the systems, apparatuses, computer program products, and methods disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of, or combined with, other aspects of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. Any aspect disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.
[0019] Although various aspects are described herein, many variations and permutations of these aspects fall within the scope of this disclosure. Although some potential benefits and advantages of aspects of this disclosure are mentioned, the scope of this disclosure is not intended to be limited to particular benefits, uses, or objectives. Rather, aspects of this disclosure are intended to be broadly applicable to different wireless technologies, system configurations, processing systems, networks, and transmission protocols, some of which are illustrated by way of example in the figures and in the following description. The detailed description and drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure rather than limiting, the scope of this disclosure being defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
[0020] Several aspects are presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods are described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, and the like (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0021] By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” that includes one or more processors (which may also be referred to as processing units) . Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs) , general purpose GPUs (GPGPUs) , central processing units (CPUs) , application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems-on-chip (SOCs) , baseband processors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system may execute software. Software can be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
[0022] The term application may refer to software. As described herein, one or more techniques may refer to an application (e.g., software) being configured to perform one or more functions. In such examples, the application may be stored in a memory (e.g., on-chip memory of a processor, system memory, or any other memory) . Hardware described herein, such as a processor may be configured to execute the application. For example, the application may be described as including code that, when executed by the hardware, causes the hardware to perform one or more techniques described herein. As an example, the hardware may access the code from a memory and execute the code accessed from the memory to perform one or more techniques described herein. In some examples, components are identified in this disclosure. In such examples, the components may be hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The components may be separate components or sub-components of a single component.
[0023] In one or more examples described herein, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the aforementioned types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
[0024] As used herein, instances of the term “content” may refer to “graphical content, ” an “image, ” etc., regardless of whether the terms are used as an adjective, noun, or other parts of speech. In some examples, the term “graphical content, ” as used herein, may refer to a content produced by one or more processes of a graphics processing pipeline. In further examples, the term “graphical content, ” as used herein, may refer to a content produced by a processing unit configured to perform graphics processing. In still further examples, as used herein, the term “graphical content” may refer to a content produced by a graphics processing unit. As used herein, the terms “recording block size” and “compensation block size” may refer to dimensions of sets of pixels / subpixels for which recording and compensation information, respectively, are provided. As used herein, the terms “display information” and / or “a set of pixel values” may refer to information associated with a device display for pixel / subpixel aging, recording, compensation, and / or the like. As used herein, the term “rotating phase” may refer to a cyclical / iterative selection of items or data of a larger set of items / data from which sub-sampling is performed. As used herein, the term “long-time display accumulation aging factor map” may refer to a data structure such as a bitmap, histogram, list, and / or the like, in which aging parameters / measurements for pixels / subpixels may be stored or otherwise tracked over time. As used herein, the term “aging region of interest (ROI) ” may refer to a set or area of pixels / subpixels in which the pixels / subpixels are experiencing aging effects such as burn-in, image retention, static content burning, display long term brightness spatial inconsistency, mura, and / or the like.
[0025] Pixels (or subpixels) on a display panel (e.g., an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel) may be susceptible to burn-in. A pixel may refer to an area of illumination on a display panel. A subpixel may refer to a red (R) , a green (G) , or a blue (B) component of a pixel. In an example, each of the R component, the G component, and the B component may take on a value ranging from 0-255. Thus, a pixel may take on approximately 16.7 million possible values. Burn-in (which may also be referred to as image retention) may refer to pixel (s) (or subpixel (s) ) displaying unintended colors due to cumulative non-uniform usage of the pixel (s) (or the subpixel (s) ) with respect to all pixel (s) (or subpixel (s) ) on the display panel. Burn-in may include application static content burning and display long term brightness spatial inconsistency. Application static content burning may refer to a region of a display panel continuing to display graphical content associated with an application when display of the graphical content is unintended, and static content may be content displayed for an application that remain unchanged, or mostly unchanged, for extended periods of time on a display. An application, as referred to herein, may be a software program, executable by a device, for which video content, images, or other information is rendered on a display of the device. In an example, a user interface (UI) control of an application may remain statically displayed each time the application is executed on a device. This may result in the UI control being subject to application static content burning when the application is used repeatedly over a period of time (e.g., several months, several years, etc. ) . For instance, a region of a display panel associated with the UI control may continue to display the UI control (or a faded instance of the UI control) even when the application is not being executed. Display long term brightness spatial inconsistency (which may also be referred to as mura) may refer to natural aging of pixels or subpixels of a display panel. For instance, display long term brightness spatial inconsistency may result in lines, spots, and cloudy areas on a display panel.
[0026] Techniques for eliminating or reducing burn-in may be referred to as pixel anti-aging compensation techniques. That is, pixel anti-aging compensation techniques may be anti-burn-in techniques. One technique for pixel anti-aging compensation may involve recording historical values (i.e., values over a time period) for each pixel (or subpixel) on a display panel of a device. The device may adjust values of pixels associated with burn-in (or adjust values of neighboring pixels of the pixels) based on the recorded historical values in order to eliminate or mitigate burn-in. Recording historical values for each pixel (or subpixel) may be associated with a relatively high amount of memory usage (e.g., greater than 200 megabytes (MB) ) and a relatively high amount of power consumption (e.g., greater than 10 milliamperes (mA) ) at a device. Furthermore, recording the historical values for each pixel may involve security concerns, and as a result, the historical values for each pixel may be recorded in secure memory associated with an operating system (OS) of the device. However, an amount of the secure memory on a device may be limited due to computational and / or cost constraints. As used herein, the term “recording block” may refer to recorded historical values associated with pixels that may be utilized to adjust pixel / subpixel parameters and / or characteristics to avoid burn-in, mura, etc. The term “compensation block” may refer to values associated with pixel / subpixel compensation for brightness to avoid burn-in, mura, etc. While both recording blocks and compensation blocks may be determined / adjusted for power efficiencies (e.g., in RAM usage, displays, etc. ) and burn-in / mura effects, the aspects herein may decouple control of such blocks for increased flexibility in achieving benefits associated therewith.
[0027] In some examples, to achieve the best visual quality, a per pixel / per physical sub pixel recording / compensation block size of 1x1 may be utilized. Yet, as display resolution increases, e.g., from full high definition (FHD or 1K) to quad high definition (QHD or 2K) to ultra-high definition (UHD or 4K) , the amount of RAM utilized and the power consumed for recording increases dramatically. For instance, FHD (e.g., 1080x1920 resolution) uses 2, 073, 600 pixels and approximately 7.4 MB, QHD (e.g., 2560X1440 resolution) uses 3, 686, 400 pixels and approximately 13.2 MB, and UHD (e.g., 3840X2160 resolution) uses 8, 294, 400 pixels and approximately 29.7MB. To balance the increasing resource / power consumption, larger granularity (e.g., for recording and compensation blocks) has been introduced. For example, a 4x4 pixel block may be used as the smallest recording and compensation block, which may use approximately 30 bits per block. With reference to this reduction for resource / power consumption, as compared to the high-quality storage example above, FHD has 129, 600 blocks and may use approximately 463.5 kB, QHD has 230, 400 blocks and may use approximately 824 kB, and UHD has 518, 400 blocks and may use approximately 1.85 MB. However, device RAM / power consumption and anti-aging visual quality are typically tradeoff factors that are difficult to balance. As one example, a 4x4 pixel block used as the smallest recording and compensation unit for block size reduces the anti-aging visual quality as compared to a 1x1 pixel block size.
[0028] Various technologies pertaining to OLED anti-aging recording and compensation variability are described herein. In an example, an apparatus (e.g., a display processor) adjusts a recording block size and / or a compensation blocksize for a display of a device during a runtime of an application. The recording block size is independent of the compensation block size, and the display of the device includes a set of subpixels. The apparatus (e.g., the display processor) outputs a set of visual images in accordance with the adjusted recording block size and / or the adjusted compensation block size. Display information / a set of pixel values associated with the set of visual images for the set of subpixels is recorded in a memory of the device and based on the adjusted recording block size for an aging ROI or a subsampling of the set of subpixels. The set of visual images are displayed, via a display (s) of the device and during the runtime of the application, by way of example, in accordance with the adjusted recording block size and / or the adjusted compensation block size. For instance, recording spatial block size and compensation spatial block size may be decoupled as two independent run time adjustable parameters, and the recording spatial block size may be variable and non-uniform across the frame based on run time strategy. A long-time display accumulation aging factor block size will be kept as a relatively smaller size, e.g., 1x1 pixel, 2x2 pixels, 2x1 pixels, etc., while a short time recording spatial block size and a short-time compensation spatial block size may be greater than or equal to the long-time display accumulation aging factor block size. The recording block size and the compensation block size may be controlled independently and / or adaptively during the run time of the application, and regional, non-uniform block sizes may be utilized (e.g., in association with aging ROIs) .
[0029] As OLED anti-aging solutions may have high power consumption and memory usage characteristics, aspects described herein enable control of recording block sizes and compensation block sizes independently during runtime, and also enable regional non-uniform block sizes. Small block sizes can be used for areas that are likely to cause aging and large block sizes can be used for other regions. In some aspects, these areas can be determined based on layer names, layer coordinates, pixel values, artificial intelligence (AI) object recognition, and / or the like. Accordingly, a balance of resource / power consumption and anti-aging is flexibly achieved.
[0030] The examples describe herein may refer to a use and functionality of a graphics processing unit (GPU) . As used herein, a GPU can be any type of graphics processor, and a graphics processor can be any type of processor that is designed or configured to process graphics content. For example, a graphics processor or GPU can be a specialized electronic circuit that is designed for processing graphics content. As an additional example, a graphics processor or GPU can be a general purpose processor that is configured to process graphics content.
[0031] FIG. 1 is a block diagram that illustrates an example content generation system 100 configured to implement one or more techniques of this disclosure. The content generation system 100 includes a device 104. The device 104 may include one or more components or circuits for performing various functions described herein. In some examples, one or more components of the device 104 may be components of a SOC. The device 104 may include one or more components configured to perform one or more techniques of this disclosure. In the example shown, the device 104 may include a processing unit 120, a content encoder / decoder 122, and a system memory 124. In some aspects, the device 104 may include a number of components (e.g., a communication interface 126, a transceiver 132, a receiver 128, a transmitter 130, a display processor 127, and one or more displays 131) . Display (s) 131 may refer to one or more displays 131. For example, the display 131 may include a single display or multiple displays, which may include a first display and a second display. The first display may be a left-eye display and the second display may be a right-eye display. In some examples, the first display and the second display may receive different frames for presentment thereon. In other examples, the first and second display may receive the same frames for presentment thereon. In further examples, the results of the graphics processing may not be displayed on the device, e.g., the first display and the second display may not receive any frames for presentment thereon. Instead, the frames or graphics processing results may be transferred to another device. In some aspects, this may be referred to as split-rendering.
[0032] The processing unit 120 may include an internal memory 121. The processing unit 120 may be configured to perform graphics processing using a graphics processing pipeline 107. The content encoder / decoder 122 may include an internal memory 123. In some examples, the device 104 may include a processor, which may be configured to perform one or more display processing techniques on one or more frames generated by the processing unit 120 before the frames are displayed by the one or more displays 131. While the processor in the example content generation system 100 is configured as a display processor 127, it should be understood that the display processor 127 is one example of the processor and that other types of processors, controllers, etc., may be used as substitute for the display processor 127. The display processor 127 may be configured to perform display processing. For example, the display processor 127 may be configured to perform one or more display processing techniques on one or more frames generated by the processing unit 120. The one or more displays 131 may be configured to display or otherwise present frames processed by the display processor 127. In some examples, the one or more displays 131 may include one or more of a liquid crystal display (LCD) , a plasma display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a projection display device, an augmented reality display device, a virtual reality display device, a head-mounted display, or any other type of display device.
[0033] Memory external to the processing unit 120 and the content encoder / decoder 122, such as system memory 124, may be accessible to the processing unit 120 and the content encoder / decoder 122. For example, the processing unit 120 and the content encoder / decoder 122 may be configured to read from and / or write to external memory, such as the system memory 124. The processing unit 120 may be communicatively coupled to the system memory 124 over a bus. Insome examples, the processing unit 120 and the content encoder / decoder 122 may be communicatively coupled to the internal memory 121 over the bus or via a different connection.
[0034] The content encoder / decoder 122 may be configured to receive graphical content from any source, such as the system memory 124 and / or the communication interface 126. The system memory 124 may be configured to store received encoded or decoded graphical content. The content encoder / decoder 122 may be configured to receive encoded or decoded graphical content, e.g., from the system memory 124 and / or the communication interface 126, in the form of encoded pixel data. The content encoder / decoder 122 may be configured to encode or decode any graphical content.
[0035] The internal memory 121 or the system memory 124 may include one or more volatile or non-volatile memories or storage devices. In some examples, internal memory 121 or the system memory 124 may include RAM, static random access memory (SRAM) , dynamic random access memory (DRAM) , erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) , EEPROM, flash memory, a magnetic data media or an optical storage media, or any other type of memory. The internal memory 121 or the system memory 124 may be a non-transitory storage medium according to some examples. The term “non-transitory” may indicate that the storage medium is not embodied in a carrier wave or a propagated signal. However, the term “non-transitory” should not be interpreted to mean that internal memory 121 or the system memory 124 is non-movable or that its contents are static. As one example, the system memory 124 may be removed from the device 104 and moved to another device. As another example, the system memory 124 may not be removable from the device 104.
[0036] The processing unit 120 may be a CPU, a GPU, a GPGPU, or any other processing unit that may be configured to perform graphics processing. In some examples, the processing unit 120 may be integrated into a motherboard of the device 104. In further examples, the processing unit 120 may be present on a graphics card that is installed in a port of the motherboard of the device 104, or may be otherwise incorporated within a peripheral device configured to interoperate with the device 104. The processing unit 120 may include one or more processors, such as one or more microprocessors, GPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , DSPs, discrete logic, software, hardware, firmware, other equivalent integrated or discrete logic circuitry, or any combinations thereof. If the techniques are implemented partially in software, the processing unit 120 may store instructions for the software in a suitable, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, e.g., internal memory 121, and may execute the instructions in hardware using one or more processors to perform the techniques of this disclosure. Any of the foregoing, including hardware, software, a combination of hardware and software, etc., may be considered to be one or more processors.
[0037] The content encoder / decoder 122 may be any processing unit configured to perform content decoding. In some examples, the content encoder / decoder 122 may be integrated into a motherboard of the device 104. The content encoder / decoder 122 may include one or more processors, such as one or more microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , digital signal processors (DSPs) , video processors, discrete logic, software, hardware, firmware, other equivalent integrated or discrete logic circuitry, or any combinations thereof. If the techniques are implemented partially in software, the content encoder / decoder 122 may store instructions for the software in a suitable, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, e.g., internal memory 123, and may execute the instructions in hardware using one or more processors to perform the techniques of this disclosure. Any of the foregoing, including hardware, software, a combination of hardware and software, etc., may be considered to be one or more processors.
[0038] In some aspects, the content generation system 100 may include a communication interface 126. The communication interface 126 may include a receiver 128 and a transmitter 130. The receiver 128 may be configured to perform any receiving function described herein with respect to the device 104. Additionally, the receiver 128 may be configured to receive information, e.g., eye or head position information, rendering commands, and / or location information, from another device. The transmitter 130 may be configured to perform any transmitting function described herein with respect to the device 104. For example, the transmitter 130 may be configured to transmit information to another device, which may include a request for content. The receiver 128 and the transmitter 130 may be combined into a transceiver 132. In such examples, the transceiver 132 may be configured to perform any receiving function and / or transmitting function described herein with respect to the device 104.
[0039] Referring again to FIG. 1, in certain aspects, the display processor 127 may include an anti-aging recorder and compensator 198 configured to determine a recording block size, determine a compensation block size, record a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size, determine a display frame in accordance with a set of compensation pixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based on recording information in the recording block, and output the display frame to the display. Although the following description may be focused on display processing, the concepts described herein may be applicable to other similar processing techniques.
[0040] A device, such as the device 104, may refer to any device, apparatus, or system configured to perform one or more techniques described herein. For example, a device may be a server, a base station, a user equipment, a client device, a station, an access point, a computer such as a personal computer, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a computer workstation, or a mainframe computer, an end product, an apparatus, a phone, a smart phone, a server, a video game platform or console, a handheld device such as a portable video game device or a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a wearable computing device such as a smart watch, an augmented reality device, or a virtual reality device, a non-wearable device, a display or display device, a television, a television set-top box, an intermediate network device, a digital media player, a video streaming device, a content streaming device, an in-vehicle computer, any mobile device, any device configured to generate graphical content, or any device configured to perform one or more techniques described herein. Processes herein may be described as performed by a particular component (e.g., a GPU) but in other embodiments, may be performed using other components (e.g., a CPU) consistent with the disclosed embodiments.
[0041] GPUs can process multiple types of data or data packets in a GPU pipeline. For instance, in some aspects, a GPU can process two types of data or data packets, e.g., context register packets and draw call data. A context register packet can be a set of global state information, e.g., information regarding a global register, shading program, or constant data, which can regulate how a graphics context will be processed. For example, context register packets can include information regarding a color format. In some aspects of context register packets, there can be a bit or bits that indicate which workload belongs to a context register. Also, there can be multiple functions or programming running at the same time and / or in parallel. For example, functions or programming can describe a certain operation, e.g., the color mode or color format. Accordingly, a context register can define multiple states of a GPU.
[0042] Context states can be utilized to determine how an individual processing unit functions, e.g., a vertex fetcher (VFD) , a vertex shader (VS) , a shader processor, or a geometry processor, and / or in what mode the processing unit functions. In order to do so, GPUs can use context registers and programming data. In some aspects, a GPU can generate a workload, e.g., a vertex or pixel workload, in the pipeline based on the context register definition of a mode or state. Certain processing units, e.g., a VFD, can use these states to determine certain functions, e.g., how a vertex is assembled. As these modes or states can change, GPUs may need to change the corresponding context. Additionally, the workload that corresponds to the mode or state may follow the changing mode or state.
[0043] FIG. 2 illustrates an example GPU 200 in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, GPU 200 includes command processor (CP) 210, draw call packets 212, VFD 220, VS 222, vertex cache (VPC) 224, triangle setup engine (TSE) 226, rasterizer (RAS) 228, Z process engine (ZPE) 230, pixel interpolator (PI) 232, fragment shader (FS) 234, render backend (RB) 236, L2 cache (UCHE) 238, and system memory 240. Although FIG. 2 displays that GPU 200 includes processing units 220-238, GPU 200 can include a number of additional processing units. Additionally, processing units 220-238 are merely an example and any combination or order of processing units can be used by GPUs according to the present disclosure. GPU 200 also includes command buffer 250, context register packets 260, and context states 261.
[0044] As shown in FIG. 2, a GPU can utilize a CP, e.g., CP 210, or hardware accelerator to parse a command buffer into context register packets, e.g., context register packets 260, and / or draw call data packets, e.g., draw call packets 212. The CP 210 can then send the context register packets 260 or draw call data packets 212 through separate paths to the processing units or blocks in the GPU. Further, the command buffer 250 can alternate different states of context registers and draw calls. For example, a command buffer can simultaneously store the following information: context register of context N, draw call (s) of context N, context register of context N+1, and draw call (s) of context N+1.
[0045] GPUs can render images in a variety of different ways. In some instances, GPUs can render an image using direct rendering and / or tiled rendering. In tiled rendering GPUs, an image can be divided or separated into different sections or tiles. After the division of the image, each section or tile can be rendered separately. Tiled rendering GPUs can divide computer graphics images into a grid format, such that each portion of the grid, i.e., a tile, is separately rendered. In some aspects of tiled rendering, during a binning pass, an image can be divided into different bins or tiles. In some aspects, during the binning pass, a visibility stream can be constructed where visible primitives or draw calls can be identified. A rendering pass may be performed after the binning pass. In contrast to tiled rendering, direct rendering does not divide the frame into smaller bins or tiles. Rather, in direct rendering, the entire frame is rendered at a single time (i.e., without a binning pass) . Additionally, some types of GPUs can allow for both tiled rendering and direct rendering (e.g., flex rendering) .
[0046] In some aspects, GPUs can apply the drawing or rendering process to different bins or tiles. For instance, a GPU can render to one bin, and perform all the draws for the primitives or pixels in the bin. During the process of rendering to a bin, the render targets can be located in GPU internal memory (GMEM) . In some instances, after rendering to one bin, the content of the render targets can be moved to a system memory and the GMEM can be freed for rendering the next bin. Additionally, a GPU can render to another bin, and perform the draws for the primitives or pixels in that bin. Therefore, in some aspects, there might be a small number of bins, e.g., four bins, that cover all of the draws in one surface. Further, GPUs can cycle through all of the draws in one bin, but perform the draws for the draw calls that are visible, i.e., draw calls that include visible geometry. In some aspects, a visibility stream can be generated, e.g., in a binning pass, to determine the visibility information of each primitive in an image or scene. For instance, this visibility stream can identify whether a certain primitive is visible or not. In some aspects, this information can be used to remove primitives that are not visible so that the non-visible primitives are not rendered, e.g., in the rendering pass. Also, at least some of the primitives that are identified as visible can be rendered in the rendering pass.
[0047] In some aspects of tiled rendering, there can be multiple processing phases or passes. For instance, the rendering can be performed in two passes, e.g., a binning, a visibility or bin-visibility pass and a rendering or bin-rendering pass. During a visibility pass, a GPU can input a rendering workload, record the positions of the primitives or triangles, and then determine which primitives or triangles fall into which bin or area. In some aspects of a visibility pass, GPUs can also identify or mark the visibility of each primitive or triangle in a visibility stream. During a rendering pass, a GPU can input the visibility stream and process one bin or area at a time. In some aspects, the visibility stream can be analyzed to determine which primitives, or vertices of primitives, are visible or not visible. As such, the primitives, or vertices of primitives, that are visible may be processed. By doing so, GPUs can reduce the unnecessary workload of processing or rendering primitives or triangles that are not visible.
[0048] In some aspects, during a visibility pass, certain types of primitive geometry, e.g., position-only geometry, may be processed. Additionally, depending on the position or location of the primitives or triangles, the primitives may be sorted into different bins or areas. In some instances, sorting primitives or triangles into different bins may be performed by determining visibility information for these primitives or triangles. For example, GPUs may determine or write visibility informationof each primitive in each bin or area, e.g., in a system memory. This visibility information can be used to determine or generate a visibility stream. In a rendering pass, the primitives in each bin can be rendered separately. In these instances, the visibility stream can be fetched from memory and used to remove primitives which are not visible for that bin.
[0049] Some aspects of GPUs or GPU architectures can provide a number of different options for rendering, e.g., software rendering and hardware rendering. In software rendering, a driver or CPU can replicate an entire frame geometry by processing each view one time. Additionally, some different states may be changed depending on the view. As such, in software rendering, the software can replicate the entire workload by changing some states that may be utilized to render for each viewpoint in an image. In certain aspects, as GPUs may be submitting the same workload multiple times for each viewpoint in an image, there may be an increased amount of overhead. In hardware rendering, the hardware or GPU may be responsible for replicating or processing the geometry for each viewpoint in an image. Accordingly, the hardware can manage the replication or processing of the primitives or triangles for each viewpoint in an image.
[0050] FIG. 3 is a block diagram 300 that illustrates an example display framework including the processing unit 120, the system memory 124, the display processor 127, and the display (s) 131, as may be identified in connection with the device 104.
[0051] A GPU may be included in devices that provide content for visual presentation on a display. For example, the processing unit 120 may include a GPU 310 configured to render graphical data for display on a computing device (e.g., the device 104) , which may be a computer workstation, a mobile phone, a smartphone or other smart device, an embedded system, a personal computer, a tablet computer, a video game console, and the like. Operations of the GPU 310 may be controlled based on one or more graphics processing commands provided by a CPU 315. The CPU 315 may be configured to execute multiple applications concurrently. In some cases, each of the concurrently executed multiple applications may utilize the GPU 310 simultaneously. Processing techniques may be performed via the processing unit 120 output a frame over physical or wireless communication channels.
[0052] The system memory 124, which may be executed by the processing unit 120, may include a user space 320 and a kernel space 325. The user space 320 (sometimes referred to as an “application space” ) may include software application (s) and / or application framework (s) . For example, software application (s) may include operating systems, media applications, graphical applications, workspace applications, etc. Application framework (s) may include frameworks used by one or more software applications, such as libraries, services (e.g., display services, input services, etc. ) , application program interfaces (APIs) , etc. The kernel space 325 may further include a display driver 330. The display driver 330 may be configured to control the display processor 127. For example, the display driver 330 may cause the display processor 127 to compose a frame and transmit the data for the frame to a display.
[0053] The display processor 127 includes a display control block 335 and a display interface 340. The display processor 127 may be configured to manipulate functions of the display (s) 131 (e.g., based on an input received from the display driver 330) . The display control block 335 may be further configured to output image frames to the display (s) 131 via the display interface 340. In some examples, the display control block 335 may additionally or alternatively perform post-processing of image data provided based on execution of the system memory 124 by the processing unit 120.
[0054] The display interface 340 may be configured to cause the display (s) 131 to display image frames. The display interface 340 may output image data to the display (s) 131 according to an interface protocol, such as, for example, the MIPI DSI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface, Display Serial Interface) . That is, the display (s) 131, may be configured in accordance with MIPI DSI standards. The MIPI DSI standard supports a video mode and a command mode. In examples where the display (s) 131 is / are operating in video mode, the display processor 127 may continuously refresh the graphical content of the display (s) 131. For example, the entire graphical content may be refreshed per refresh cycle (e.g., line-by-line) . In examples where the display (s) 131 is / are operating in command mode, the display processor 127 may write the graphical content of a frame to a buffer 350.
[0055] In some such examples, the display processor 127 may not continuously refresh the graphical content of the display (s) 131. Instead, the display processor 127 may use a vertical synchronization (Vsync) pulse to coordinate rendering and consuming of graphical content at the buffer 350. For example, when a Vsync pulse is generated, the display processor 127 may output new graphical content to the buffer 350. Thus, generation of the Vsync pulse may indicate that current graphical content has been rendered at the buffer 350.
[0056] Frames are displayed at the display (s) 131 based on a display controller 345, a display client 355, and the buffer 350. The display controller 345 may receive image data from the display interface 340 and store the received image data in the buffer 350. In some examples, the display controller 345 may output the image data stored in the buffer 350 to the display client 355. Thus, the buffer 350 may represent a local memory to the display (s) 131. In some examples, the display controller 345 may output the image data received from the display interface 340 directly to the display client 355.
[0057] The display client 355 may be associated with a touch panel that senses interactions between a user and the display (s) 131. As the user interacts with the display (s) 131, one or more sensors in the touch panel may output signals to the display controller 345 that indicate which of the one or more sensors have sensor activity, a duration of the sensor activity, an applied pressure to the one or more sensor, etc. The display controller 345 may use the sensor outputs to determine a manner in which the user has interacted with the display (s) 131. The display (s) 131 may be further associated with / include other devices, such as a camera, a microphone, and / or a speaker, that operate in connection with the display client 355.
[0058] Some processing techniques of the device 104 may be performed over three stages (e.g., stage 1: a rendering stage; stage 2: a composition stage; and stage 3: a display / transfer stage) . However, other processing techniques may combine the composition stage and the display / transfer stage into a single stage, such that the processing technique may be executed based on two total stages (e.g., stage 1: the rendering stage; and stage 2: the composition / display / transfer stage) . During the rendering stage, the GPU 310 may process a content buffer based on execution of an application that generates content on a pixel-by-pixel basis. During the composition and display stage (s) , pixel elements may be assembled to form a frame that is transferred to a physical display panel / subsystem (e.g., the displays 131) that displays the frame.
[0059] Instructions executed by a CPU (e.g., software instructions) or a display processor may cause the CPU or the display processor to search for and / or generate a composition strategy for composing a frame based on a dynamic priority and runtime statistics associated with one or more composition strategy groups. A frame to be displayed by a physical display device, such as a display panel, may include a plurality of layers. Also, composition of the frame may be based on combining the plurality of layers into the frame (e.g., based on a frame buffer) . After the plurality of layers are combined into the frame, the frame may be provided to the display panel for display thereon. The process of combining each of the plurality of layers into the frame may be referred to as composition, frame composition, a composition procedure, a composition process, or the like.
[0060] A frame composition procedure or composition strategy may correspond to a technique for composing different layers of the plurality of layers into a single frame. The plurality of layers may be stored in doubled data rate (DDR) memory. Each layer of the plurality of layers may further correspond to a separate buffer. A composer or hardware composer (HWC) associated with a block or function may determine an input of each layer / buffer and perform the frame composition procedure to generate an output indicative of a composed frame. That is, the input may be the layers and the output may be a frame composition procedure for composing the frame to be displayed on the display panel.
[0061] Some aspects of display processing may utilize different types of mask layers, e.g., a shape mask layer. A mask layer is a layer that may represent a portion of a display or display panel. For instance, an area of a mask layer may correspond to an area of a display, but the entire mask layer may depict a portion of the content that is actually displayed at the display or panel. For example, a mask layer may include a top portion and a bottom portion of a display area, but the middle portion of the mask layer may be empty. In some examples, there may be multiple mask layers to represent different portions of a display area. Also, for certain portions of a display area, the content of different mask layers may overlap with one another. Accordingly, a mask layer may represent a portion of a display area that may or may not overlap with other mask layers.
[0062] FIG. 4 is a diagram 400 illustrating burn-in on a display panel and single pixel recording / compensation block size. As noted above, a display panel (e.g., an OLED display panel) may be susceptible to burn-in. In one example, an OLED display panel may be susceptible to application static content burning. For instance, a user may keep an application (e.g., a social media application, such as a video sharing social media application) running on a device for a number of hours (e.g., 2-5 hours) each day over a time period (e.g., several weeks, 2-3 months, etc. ) . As a result, there may be a region on the display panel that statically displays the same content (e.g., a UI control) for the number of hours each day. For instance, a frame region may include a UI control of the application. When burn-in occurs, the frame region may continue to display the content when the application is no longer running. For instance, a “ghosted” version of the UI control may be displayed on a home screen of a device when burn-in occurs. One approach to mitigating static content burning may be to change locations of statically displayed content (e.g., UI controls) for an application. However, users may expect and / or desire certain content (e.g., UI controls) to be displayed at certain locations on a display panel (e.g., a bottom portion of a display panel) . Changing locations of the content may thus negatively affect user experience. An end user may wish to return a device that exhibits burn-in.
[0063] In another example, an OLED display panel may be susceptible to display long term brightness spatial inconsistency (which may be referred to as mura) . Display long term brightness spatial inconsistency may be caused by natural aging of the OLED display panel over a period of time (e.g., months, years, etc. ) . Display long term brightness spatial inconsistency may be observed as lines, spots, and cloudy areas on an OLED display panel. In an example, display long term brightness spatial inconsistency may occur after a device (e.g., a smartphone or other type of user equipment (UE) ) is used for one to two years. If display long term brightness spatial inconsistency does not occur until after three years of usage of a device, users may consider such a device as a “high quality” device. As display long term brightness spatial inconsistency is related to natural aging of a device, display long term brightness spatial inconsistency may not be able to be eliminated or mitigated by an application or by an operating system of a device.
[0064] In an example, a video application (e.g., a social media video application) executing on the device 104 may cause a first frame 402 to be presented on the display (s) 131 of the device 104. The first frame 402 may include a video layer 404 that displays video content 406. The first frame 402 may also include a video application UI layer 408 that displays a video application UI control 410. In an example, the video application UI control 410 may be associated with controlling playback of the video content 406. For instance, the video application UI control 410 may be or include a play button, a pause button, a fast forward button, or a rewind button. In another example, the video application UI control 410 may be associated with uploading a recorded video corresponding to the video content 406. The video application UI control 410 may be a UI element. A UI element may refer to graphical data displayed for the purpose of facilitating user interaction with an application displayed on a display.
[0065] In an example, a user may utilize the video application on the device 104 for several hours a day over a time period (e.g., months, years, etc. ) . As a result, the video application UI control 410 may become burned-in on the display (s) 131. For instance, after the video application has been utilized on the device 104 over the time period, an operating system (OS) executing on the device 104 may cause a second frame 412 to be presented on the display (s) 131 of the device 104. The second frame 412 may include an OS layer 414 that display OS content 416 (e.g., application icons) . Due to the aforementioned burn-in, a burned-in UI control 418 corresponding to the video application UI control 410 may be displayed on the display (s) 131 even when the video application is not being executed on the device 104. In an example, the burned-in UI control 418 may be an outline of the video application UI control 410. The burned-in UI control 418 may affect user experience with the device 104. In an example, the burned-in UI control 418 may be noticeable by a user when the device 104 is located in a dark environment.
[0066] One approach to eliminate or reduce burn-in (e.g., eliminate or mitigate the occurrence of the burned-in UI control 418) may be to configure the device 104 to record historical values of each pixel (or each subpixel) of the display (s) 131. The device 104 may then apply anti-aging pixel compensation based on the recorded historical values. For instance, the device 104 may adjust (e.g., reduce) values a subset of pixels associated with burn-in in order to eliminate or mitigate burn-in, or the device 104 may adjust values of neighbor pixels of the subset of pixels in order to eliminate or mitigate burn-in. In an example, adjusting a value of a pixel in the subset of pixels may include decreasing the value by 0.1%an original value of the pixel, 0.5%of the original value of the pixel, 1%of original value of the pixel, 5%of an original value of the pixel, or 10%of the original value of the pixel.
[0067] In an example, recording historical values for each pixel of the display (s) 131 may use (1) greater than 200 MB of secure storage space (e.g., secure memory associated with an OS of the device 104) of the device 104 and (2) greater than 10 mA of power of the device 104. Secure memory may refer to memory of a device having increased security in comparison to other memory of a device. However, the device 104 may not have sufficient secure storage space (e.g., greater than 200 MB) to store the recorded historical values and / or recording the historical values may utilize an undesirable amount (e.g., greater than 10 mA) of battery power. Thus, it may be difficult to implement anti-aging pixel compensation for the device 104.
[0068] FIG. 5 is a diagram 500 illustrating a single pixel recording / compensation block size. In some examples, as noted above, to achieve the best visual quality, a per pixel / per physical sub pixel recording / compensation block size of 1x1 may be utilized.
[0069] Diagram 500 illustrates the device 104 including the display (s) 131, by way of example. As previously described, the display (s) 131 may be configured to display video content 506 and / or video application UI controls 508 of an application running at the device 104. To achieve high quality representation of the video content 506 and recording, a memory 502 may store entries 504 entries for a set of pixels / subpixels with a 1x1 pixel / subpixel block size. The memory 502 may any type / number of memory described herein, e.g., such as memories described above for any of FIGs. 1-3, a system memory, a buffer, a cache, and / or the like. However, as display resolution increases, e.g., from FHD or 1K to QHD or 2K to UHD or 4K, the amount of RAM utilized and the power consumed for recording increases dramatically. A 1x1 pixel granularity in block sizes offers improved display of content, but such an option increases resource / power consumption. While larger granularity for recording and compensation blocks may be used to balance the increasing resource / power consumption (e.g., a 4x4 pixel block may be used as the smallest recording and compensation unit) , alleviating device RAM / power consumption in such a way reduces the anti-aging visual quality as compared to a 1x1 pixel block size.
[0070] FIG. 6 is a diagram 600 illustrating OLED anti-aging recording and compensation variability in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. Diagram 600 illustrates the device 104 including the display (s) 131, by way of example. As previously described, the display (s) 131 may be configured to display application video content / images 606 and / or video application UI controls 608 of an application 609 running at the device 104. A memory 602 may store entries for a set of pixels / subpixels with a MxN pixel / subpixel recording block and compensation block sizes 618 (e.g., 1x1 pixel, 2x1 pixels, 2x2 pixels, 4x4 pixels, etc., where M and N may be equal or not equal) associated with recording and / or compensation. The memory 602 may any type / number of memory (ies) described herein, e.g., such as memories described above for any of FIGs. 1-3, a system memory, a buffer, a cache, and / or the like.
[0071] The device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to determine / adjust (at 620) a recording block size and / or a compensation block size 618 (e.g., also a recording spatial block size and / or a compensation spatial block size, herein) for the display (s) 131 of the device 104, e.g., during a runtime of the application 609. The recording block size may be independent of the compensation block size, and the display (s) 131 of the device 104 includes a set of subpixels 604. In aspects, the device 104 may be configured to record a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size of recording block and compensation block sizes 618. The device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to determine a display frame in accordance with a set of compensation pixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based on recording information in the recording block. The device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to output a display frame (e.g., the application video content / images 606 and / or the video application UI controls 608 and / or a set of visual images, etc. ) in accordance with the determined / adjusted recording block size and / or the determined / adjusted compensation block size. For example, the device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to output a display frame 610 as the application video content / images 606 in accordance with a compensation block size 611. During runtime of the application 609, by way of example, the device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to determine / adjust (at 620) a recording block size to a determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and the compensation block size 611 for the video application UI controls 608 of the application 609 to a determined / adjusted compensation block size 616. That is, while initially the application video content / images 606 was associated with the compensation block size 611 and there was no active recording block size, during the runtime determination / adjustment (at 620) , the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and the determined / adjusted compensation block size 616 may be implemented for pixels / subpixels associated with the video application UI controls 608, while the compensation block size 611 for the application video content / images 606 may remain unchanged. In aspects, the device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to output a set or portion of a set of visual images 612 of a display frame 624 (e.g., as the application video content / images 606 in accordance with the compensation block size 611) and a set or portion of a set of visual images 614 of the display frame 624 (e.g., as the video application UI controls 608 in accordance with the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and the determined / adjusted compensation block size 616) , where the set or portion of the set of visual images 612 and the set or portion of the set of visual images 614 comprise the display frame 624.
[0072] A set of pixel values 622 associated with the display frame 624, e.g., comprising a set of visual images for the set of subpixels 604, may be recorded in the memory 602 of the device 104 and may be based on the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 for an aging ROI or a subsampling of the set of subpixels 604, as described herein. The set of pixel values 622 may be information associated with a device display for pixel / subpixel aging, recording, compensation, and / or the like. The display frame 624 / the set of visual images may be displayed, e.g., in association with output, via the display (s) 131 of the device 104 and during the runtime of the application 609, in accordance with the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and / or the determined / adjusted compensation block size 616. For instance, recording spatial block size and compensation spatial block size may be decoupled as two independent run time adjustable parameters, and the recording spatial block size may be variable and non-uniform across the frame based on run time strategy. A long-time display accumulation aging factor block size will be kept as a relatively smaller size, e.g., 1x1 pixel, 2x2 pixels, 2x1 pixels, etc., while a short time recording spatial block size and a short-time compensation spatial block size may be greater than or equal to the long-time display accumulation aging factor block size. The recording block size and the compensation block size 618 may be controlled independently and / or adaptively during the run time of the application 609, and regional, non-uniform block sizes may be utilized (e.g., in association with aging regions of interest (such as aging / criminal ROIs) ) .
[0073] Regarding compensation, the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) may be configured to determine / use / adjust to a smaller compensation block size (e.g., 1x1 or 2x1) when the display 131 has aging pixels / subpixels that meet a threshold aging condition (e.g., application static content burning) . On the other hand, if the display 131 has no serious aging pixels / subpixels (e.g., display long term brightness spatial inconsistency, mura) , the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) may be configured to determine / use / adjust to a larger recording block (e.g., 4x4 or 2x2) . In aspects, regional non-uniform block sizes may be applicable to the above strategies for compensation. In one example, a small block size for serious aging pixels / subpixels of the display (s) 131 (e.g., in an aging ROI, as described herein) and a large block size for good regions of the display (s) 131 without serious aging may be determined / utilized / adjusted in a non-uniform manner. In some aspects, a region boundary may be determined / identified by the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) based on or in accordance with a set of layer names, a set of layer coordinates, a set of pixel values, object recognition (e.g., AI object recognition) , and / or the like.
[0074] FIG. 7 is a diagram 700 illustrating OLED anti-aging recording and compensation variability in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. Diagram 700 illustrates the device 104 including the display (s) 131, by way of example. As previously described, the display (s) 131 may be configured to display application video content / a set of images 706 and / or video application UI controls 708 of an application running, by way of example, at the device 104.
[0075] Diagram 700 shows an example of a subsampling 702 of a set of subpixels of the display (s) 131 for a display recording spatial strategy. This illustrated subsampling is a 4x4 subsampling, by way of example and not limitation, and other dimensions (e.g., NxN) for a given subsampling are supported herein for various aspects. The subsampling 702 may be based on a ratio / relationship between the dimensions of the subsampling 702 and a current frame. A function mod (frame, 16) may be used as a basis for performing the subsampling 702, which may iterate in accordance with a rotating phase (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3, …, 13, 14, 15) , as shown. Accordingly, aspects enable the use of NxN subsampling with a rotating phase, as shown in the example for the subsampling 702. In aspects, for regions such as ROIs (e.g., an aging ROI 704) , where there is static content, the odometers may thus effectively have a 1x1 recording of the region without any additional effort / processing.
[0076] In some aspects, for the use of ROIs, the device 104 (e.g., a display processor) may configure regional non-uniform recording block sizes. As on example, in the aging ROI 704, specific 1x1 or 2x1 block sizes may be utilized for accurate recording thereof, while outside of the aging ROI 704, such as where application video content / a set of images 706 (e.g., non-static content) is displayed, a specific NxN sub-sample for power saving coarse recording may be utilized. The NxN sub-sample may be the subsampling 702 with the illustrated rotating phase, in aspects, or may be simple averaging, other sub-sample algorithms, and / or the like.
[0077] In aspects, the aging ROI 704 may be determined / identified by pre-configuration (e.g., by an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) , such as in a lab or manufacturing facility based on a priori knowledge, and / or by a long-time display accumulation aging factor map to identify the aging ROI 704 during the runtime of the application. For instance, for every 20 hours aging for a set of subpixels, an analysis of the display accumulation aging factor map may be performed by the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) to identify the aging ROI 704. In aspects, the display accumulation aging factor map the may be based on set of pixel values / display information, e.g., the set of pixel values 622 in FIG. 6. As noted above, a region boundary, such as for the aging ROI 704, may be determined / identified by the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) based on or in accordance with a set of layer names, a set of layer coordinates, a set of pixel values, object recognition (e.g., AI object recognition) , and / or the like.
[0078] The display strategy for subsampling, according to aspects herein, may be 1x1 (e.g., no sub-sample) , NxN (e.g., a strong sub-sample) , non-uniform (e.g., a preconfigured ROI) , and / or the like. During the application runtime, the aging ROI 704 may be determined / adjusted based on such an aging factor analysis as described with respect to diagram 700. In aspects, the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) may be configured to reconstruct (at 710) static content associated with the set of pixel values for a display frame / of a set of visual images (e.g., the video application UI controls 708, the aging ROI, etc. ) to a full resolution of associated images / the application based on the subsampling 702 of the set of subpixels. Such reconstructions may be output, e.g., as display frames, by the device 104 for display by the display (s) 131 of the video application UI controls 708, the aging ROI, etc.
[0079] FIG. 8 is a call flow diagram 800 illustrating example communications between a display processor 802 and a display panel 804 in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. In aspects, call flow diagram 800 is described for OLED anti-aging recording and compensation variability. In an example, the display processor 802 may be or include the display processor 127. In an example, the display panel 804 may be or include the display (s) 131.
[0080] At 806, the display processor 802 may be configured to obtain application data and / or information for an application during its runtime. In one example, application data / information may be obtained by local generation thereof by the application and / or by reception thereof via wireless communications (e.g., from a router, a base station, an application server, and / or the like) . In aspects, the application data / information may include a set of pixel values / display information associated with a display frame / a set of visual images (e.g., video content) to be displayed by a display (s) via a set of subpixels. In aspects, the set of subpixels may comprise an array of OLEDs.
[0081] At 808, the display processor 802 may be configured to determine a recording block size and / or a compensation block size. In aspects, the display processor 802 may be configured to adjust the recording block size and / or the compensation block size for a display of a device, such as during a runtime of an application. The recording block size may be independent of the compensation block size, in aspects, and the display of the device may include the set of subpixels.
[0082] At 809, the display processor 802 may be configured to record a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size. The display processor 802 may be configured to record, in a memory of the device and based on the recording block size for an aging ROI or a subsampling of the set of subpixels, the set of pixel values / display information associated with the display frame / the set of visual images for the set of subpixels. At 810, the display processor 802 may be configured to determine a display frame in accordance with a set of compensation pixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based on information in the recording block.
[0083] In aspects, the subsampling of the set of subpixels may include a set of subsamples over the set of subpixels in accordance with a rotating phase. In some aspects, each subsample of the set of subsamples may include a first dimension and a second dimension of the recording block size associated with dimensions of the set of subpixels and the rotating phase, and / or a subset of the set of pixel values / the display information for a subpixel subset of the set of subpixels in accordance with the rotating phase. In such aspects, the display processor 802 may be configured to adjust the recording block size based on the first dimension and the second dimension. Additionally, with reference to the display of the display frame / the set of visual images, e.g., via the display panel 804 of the device and during the runtime of the application, the display processor 802 may be configured to reconstruct static content of the display frame / the set of visual images to a full resolution of the application based on the subsampling of the set of subpixels. In some aspects, the set of subsamples over the set of subpixels in accordance with the rotating phase may be outside of the aging ROI, and the display processor 802 may be configured to adjust the recording block size as including to set a second recording block size inside of the aging ROI.
[0084] In some aspects, to adjust the recording block size, the display processor 802 may be configured to set the recording block size, for the aging ROI, to a uniform recording block size or to a non-uniform recording block size with respect to a subpixel outside of the aging ROI. In such aspects, the aging ROI may include a subpixel subset of the set of subpixels associated with an icon of the application during the runtime. A configuration of the aging ROI may be associated with a default setting based on the application and / or a display accumulation aging factor map, and / or the like, for an aggregated runtime of the application. The display accumulationaging factor map may be based on periodic identifications of aging for subpixels of the set of subpixels, and in such aspects, to adjust the recording block size, the display processor 802 may be configured to configure the aging ROI in accordance with an aging threshold condition for a number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels being indicative of a threshold subpixel aging.
[0085] In aspects, to adjust the compensation block size for the display of the device during the runtime of the application, the display processor 802 may be configured to decrease the compensation block size to a decreased compensation block size in accordance with an aging threshold condition for a first number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels being indicative of an absence of threshold subpixel aging. In aspects, to adjust the compensation block size for the display of the device during the runtime of the application, the display processor 802 may be configured to increase the compensation block size to an increased compensation block size in accordance with the aging threshold condition for a second number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels being indicative of the threshold subpixel aging. The first number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels and the second number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels may comprise different regions of non-uniform compensation block sizes for the display. In some aspects, a boundary associated with the different regions of the non-uniform compensation block sizes for the display may be based on a set of layer names, a set of layer coordinates, a set of pixel values, or object recognition (e.g., by AI object recognition) .
[0086] At 812, the display processor 802 may be configured to output a display frame 814. In aspects, the display frame may comprise a set of visual images. The output (at 812) may include an indication of the display frame 814, in accordance with the recording block size and / or the compensation block size. In aspects, to output the display frame / the set of visual images, the display processor 802 may be configured to transmit the display frame / the set of visual images in accordance with at least one of the recording block size and / or the compensation block size, and / or to store the display frame / the set of visual images in accordance with at least one of the recording block size or the compensation block size.
[0087] At 816, the display panel 804 may be configured to display, e.g., during the runtime of the application, the display frame / the set of visual images in accordance with the recording block size and / or the compensation block size. In aspects, the display panel 804 may be configured to display the display frame / the set of visual images via the set of subpixels and / or as part of a device being configured to output the display frame / the set of visual images in accordance with the recording block size and / or the compensation block size via the display processor 802. In aspects, the display panel 804 may be configured to display the display frame / the set of visual images based on the indication of the display frame 814.
[0088] FIG. 9 is a flowchart 900 of an example method of display processing in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. The method may be performed by an apparatus, such as an apparatus for display processing, a display processing unit (DPU) or other display processor (e.g., the display processor 127) , a wireless communication device, and the like, as used in connection with the aspects of FIGs. 1-8. In an example, the method may be associated with OLED anti-aging recording and compensation variability at a device (e.g., the device 104) . In an example, the method may be performed by the anti-aging recorder and compensator 198.
[0089] At 902, the apparatus (e.g., a display processor) determines a recording block size. At 904, the apparatus (e.g., a display processor) determines a compensation blocksize. For example, referring to FIG. 6, the device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to determine / adjust (at 620) a recording block size and / or a compensation block size 618 (e.g., also a recording spatial block size and / or a compensation spatial block size, herein) for the display (s) 131 of the device 104, e.g., during a runtime of the application609. The recording block size may be independent of the compensation block size, and the display (s) 131 of the device 104 includes a set of subpixels 604. Referring also to FIG. 8, at 808, the display processor 802 may be configured to determine a recording block size and / or a compensation block size. In aspects, the display processor 802 may be configured to adjust the recording block size and / or the compensation block size for a display of a device, such as during a runtime of an application. The recording block size may be independent of the compensation block size, in aspects, and the display of the device may include the set of subpixels. In an example, 902 and / or 904 may be performed by the anti-aging recorder and compensator 198.
[0090] At 906, the apparatus (e.g., a display processor) records a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size. For example, referring to FIG. 6, the device 104 may be configured to record a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size of recording block and compensation block sizes 618. The device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to output a display frame (e.g., the application video content / images 606 and / or the video application UI controls 608 and / or a set of visual images, etc. ) in accordance with the determined / adjusted recording block size and / or the determined / adjusted compensation block size. For example, the device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to output a display frame 610 as the application video content / images 606 in accordance with a compensation block size 611. During runtime of the application 609, by way of example, the device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to determine / adjust (at 620) a recording block size to a determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and the compensation block size 611 for the video application UI controls 608 of the application 609 to a determined / adjusted compensation block size 616. That is, while initially the application video content / images 606 was associated with the compensation block size 611 and there was no active recording block size, during the runtime determination / adjustment (at 620) , the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and the determined / adjusted compensation block size 616 may be implemented for pixels / subpixels associated with the video application UI controls 608, while the compensation block size 611 for the application video content / images 606 may remain unchanged. set of pixel values 622 associated with the display frame 624, e.g., comprising a set of visual images for the set of subpixels 604, may be recorded in the memory 602 of the device 104 and may be based on the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 for an aging ROI or a subsampling of the set of subpixels 604, as described herein. The set of pixel values 622 may be information associated with a device display for pixel / subpixel aging, recording, compensation, and / or the like. The display frame 624 / the set of visual images may be displayed, e.g., in association with output, via the display (s) 131 of the device 104 and during the runtime of the application 609, in accordance with the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and / or the determined / adjusted compensation block size 616. For instance, recording spatial block size and compensation spatial block size may be decoupled as two independent run time adjustable parameters, and the recording spatial block size may be variable and non-uniform across the frame based on run time strategy. A long-time display accumulation aging factor block size will be kept as a relatively smaller size, e.g., 1x1 pixel, 2x2 pixels, 2x1 pixels, etc., while a short time recording spatial block size and a short-time compensation spatial block size may be greater than or equal to the long-time display accumulation aging factor block size. The recording block size and the compensation block size 618 may be controlled independently and / or adaptively during the run time of the application 609, and regional, non-uniform block sizes may be utilized (e.g., in association with aging regions of interest (such as aging / criminal ROIs) ) . Regarding compensation, the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) may be configured to determine / use / adjust to a smaller compensation block size (e.g., 1x1 or 2x1) when the display 131 has aging pixels / subpixels that meet a threshold aging condition (e.g., application static content burning) . On the other hand, if the display 131 has no serious aging pixels / subpixels (e.g., display long term brightness spatial inconsistency, mura) , the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) may be configured to determine / use / adjust to a larger recording block (e.g., 4x4 or 2x2) . In aspects, regional non-uniform block sizes may be applicable to the above strategies for compensation. In one example, a small block size for serious aging pixels / subpixels of the display (s) 131 (e.g., in an aging ROI, as described herein) and a large block size for good regions of the display (s) 131 without serious aging may be determined / utilized / adjusted in a non-uniform manner. In some aspects, a region boundary may be determined / identified by the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) based on or in accordance with a set of layer names, a set of layer coordinates, a set of pixel values, object recognition (e.g., AI object recognition) , and / or the like. Referring to FIG. 7, in some aspects, for the use of ROIs, the device 104 (e.g., a display processor) may configure regional non-uniform recording block sizes. As on example, in the aging ROI 704, specific 1x1 or 2x1 block sizes may be utilized for accurate recording thereof, while outside of the aging ROI 704, such as where application video content / a set of images 706 (e.g., non-static content) is displayed, a specific NxN sub-sample for power saving coarse recording may be utilized. The NxN sub-sample may be the subsampling 702 with the illustrated rotating phase, in aspects, or may be simple averaging, other sub-sample algorithms, and / or the like. In aspects, the aging ROI 704 may be determined / identified by pre-configuration (e.g., by an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) , such as in a lab or manufacturing facility based on a priori knowledge, and / or by a long-time display accumulation aging factor map to identify the aging ROI 704 during the runtime of the application. For instance, for every 20 hours aging for a set of subpixels, an analysis of the display accumulation aging factor map may be performed by the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) to identify the aging ROI 704. In aspects, the display accumulation aging factor map the may be based on set of pixel values / display information, e.g., the set of pixel values 622 in FIG. 6. As noted above, a region boundary, such as for the aging ROI 704, may be determined / identified by the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) based on or in accordance with a set of layer names, a set of layer coordinates, a set of pixel values, object recognition (e.g., AI object recognition) , and / or the like. The display strategy for subsampling, according to aspects herein, may be 1x1 (e.g., no sub-sample) , NxN (e.g., a strong sub-sample) , non-uniform (e.g., a preconfigured ROI) , and / or the like. During the application runtime, the aging ROI 704 may be determined / adjusted based on such an aging factor analysis as described with respect to diagram 700. In aspects, the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) may be configured to reconstruct (at 710) static content associated with the set of pixel values for a display frame / of a set of visual images (e.g., the video application UI controls 708, the aging ROI, etc. ) to a full resolution of associated images / the application based on the subsampling 702 of the set of subpixels. Such reconstructions may be output, e.g., as display frames, by the device 104 for display by the display (s) 131 of the video application UI controls 708, the aging ROI, etc. Referring to FIG. 8, at 809, the display processor 802 may be configured to record a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size. The display processor 802 may be configured to record, in a memory of the device and based on the recording block size for an aging ROI or a subsampling of the set of subpixels, the set of pixel values / display information associated with the display frame / the set of visual images for the set of subpixels. In an example, 906 may be performed by the anti-aging recorder and compensator 198.
[0091] At 908, the apparatus (e.g., a display processor) determines a display frame in accordance with a set of compensation pixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based on information in the recording block. For example, referring to FIG. 6, a set of pixel values 622 associated with the display frame 624, e.g., comprising a set of visual images for the set of subpixels 604, may be recorded in the memory 602 of the device 104 and may be based on the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 for an aging ROI or a subsampling of the set of subpixels 604, as described herein. The set of pixel values 622 may be information associated with a device display for pixel / subpixel aging, recording, compensation, and / or the like. The display frame 624 / the set of visual images may be displayed, e.g., in association with output, via the display (s) 131 of the device 104 and during the runtime of the application 609, in accordance with the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and / or the determined / adjusted compensation block size 616. For instance, recording spatial block size and compensation spatial block size may be decoupled as two independent run time adjustable parameters, and the recording spatial block size may be variable and non-uniform across the frame based on run time strategy. A long-time display accumulation aging factor block size will be kept as a relatively smaller size, e.g., 1x1 pixel, 2x2 pixels, 2x1 pixels, etc., while a short time recording spatial block size and a short-time compensation spatial block size may be greater than or equal to the long-time display accumulation aging factor block size. The recording block size and the compensation block size 618 may be controlled independently and / or adaptively during the run time of the application 609, and regional, non-uniform block sizes may be utilized (e.g., in association with aging regions of interest (such as aging / criminal ROIs) ) . Regarding compensation, the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) may be configured to determine / use / adjust to a smaller compensation block size (e.g., 1x1 or 2x1) when the display 131 has aging pixels / subpixels that meet a threshold aging condition (e.g., application static content burning) . On the other hand, if the display 131 has no serious aging pixels / subpixels (e.g., display long term brightness spatial inconsistency, mura) , the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) may be configured to determine / use / adjust to a larger recording block (e.g., 4x4 or 2x2) . In aspects, regional non-uniform block sizes may be applicable to the above strategies for compensation. In one example, a small block size for serious aging pixels / subpixels of the display (s) 131 (e.g., in an aging ROI, as described herein) and a large block size for good regions of the display (s) 131 without serious aging may be determined / utilized / adjusted in a non-uniform manner. In some aspects, a region boundary may be determined / identified by the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) based on or in accordance with a set of layer names, a set of layer coordinates, a set of pixel values, object recognition (e.g., AI object recognition) , and / or the like. Referring to FIG. 8, at 810, the display processor 802 may be configured to determine a display frame in accordance with a set of compensation pixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based on information in the recording block. In an example, 908 may be performed by the anti-aging recorder and compensator 198.
[0092] At 910, the apparatus (e.g., a display processor) outputs the display frame. The display frame may comprise a set of visual images in accordance with the adjusted recording block size or the adjusted compensation block size. For example, referring to FIG. 6, the device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to output a display frame (e.g., the application video content / images 606 and / or the video application UI controls 608 and / or a set of visual images, etc. ) in accordance with the determined / adjusted recording block size and / or the determined / adjusted compensation block size. For example, the device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to output a display frame 610 as the application video content / images 606 in accordance with a compensation block size 611. During runtime of the application 609, by way of example, the device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to determine / adjust (at 620) a recording block size to a determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and the compensation block size 611 for the video application UI controls 608 of the application 609 to a determined / adjusted compensation block size 616. That is, while initially the application video content / images 606 was associated with the compensation block size 611 and there was no active recording block size, during the runtime determination / adjustment (at 620) , the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and the determined / adjusted compensation block size 616 may be implemented for pixels / subpixels associated with the video application UI controls 608, while the compensation block size 611 for the application video content / images 606 may remain unchanged. In aspects, the device 104 (e.g., via a display processor) may be configured to output a set or portion of a set of visual images 612 of a display frame 624 (e.g., as the application video content / images 606 in accordance with the compensation block size 611) and a set or portion of a set of visual images 614 of the display frame 624 (e.g., as the video application UI controls 608 in accordance with the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and the determined / adjusted compensation block size 616) , where the set or portion of the set of visual images 612 and the set or portion of the set of visual images 614 comprise the display frame 624. Aset of pixel values 622 associated with the display frame 624, e.g., comprising a set of visual images for the set of subpixels 604, may be recorded in the memory 602 of the device 104 and may be based on the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 for an aging ROI or a subsampling of the set of subpixels 604, as described herein. The set of pixel values 622 may be information associated with a device display for pixel / subpixel aging, recording, compensation, and / or the like. The display frame 624 / the set of visual images may be displayed, e.g., in association with output, via the display (s) 131 of the device 104 and during the runtime of the application 609, in accordance with the determined / adjusted recording block size 615 and / or the determined / adjusted compensation block size 616. For instance, recording spatial block size and compensation spatial block size may be decoupled as two independent run time adjustable parameters, and the recording spatial block size may be variable and non-uniform across the frame based on run time strategy. A long-time display accumulation aging factor block size will be kept as a relatively smaller size, e.g., 1x1 pixel, 2x2 pixels, 2x1 pixels, etc., while a short time recording spatial block size and a short-time compensation spatial block size may be greater than or equal to the long-time display accumulation aging factor block size. The recording block size and the compensation block size 618 may be controlled independently and / or adaptively during the run time of the application 609, and regional, non-uniform block sizes may be utilized (e.g., in association with aging regions of interest (such as aging / criminal ROIs) ) . Referring also to FIG. 7, display strategy for subsampling, according to aspects herein, may be 1x1 (e.g., no sub-sample) , NxN (e.g., a strong sub-sample) , non-uniform (e.g., a preconfigured ROI) , and / or the like. During the application runtime, the aging ROI 704 may be determined / adjusted based on such an aging factor analysis as described with respect to diagram 700. In aspects, the device 104 (e.g., the display processor) may be configured to reconstruct (at 710) static content associated with the set of pixel values for a display frame / of a set of visual images (e.g., the video application UI controls 708, the aging ROI, etc. ) to a full resolution of associated images / the application based on the subsampling 702 of the set of subpixels. Such reconstructions may be output, e.g., as display frames, by the device 104 for display by the display (s) 131 of the video application UI controls 708, the aging ROI, etc. Referring also to FIG. 8, at 812, the display processor 802 may be configured to output a display frame 814. In aspects, the display frame may comprise a set of visual images. The output (at 812) may include an indication of the display frame 814, in accordance with the recording block size and / or the compensation block size. In aspects, to output the display frame / the set of visual images, the display processor 802 may be configured to transmit the display frame / the set of visual images in accordance with at least one of the recording block size and / or the compensation block size, and / or to store the display frame / the set of visual images in accordance with at least one of the recording block size or the compensation block size. At 816, the display panel 804 may be configured to display, e.g., during the runtime of the application, the display frame / the set of visual images in accordance with the recording block size and / or the compensation block size. In aspects, the display panel 804 may be configured to display the display frame / the set of visual images via the set of subpixels and / or as part of a device being configured to output the display frame / the set of visual images in accordance with the recording block size and / or the compensation block size via the display processor 802. In aspects, the display panel 804 may be configured to display the display frame / the set of visual images based on the indication of the display frame 814. In an example, 910 may be performed by the anti-aging recorder and compensator 198.
[0093] In configurations, a method or an apparatus for graphics processing is provided. The apparatus may be a display processor, a DPU, a CPU (or other central processor) , a display driver integrated circuit (DDIC) , an apparatus for display processing, and / or some other processor that may perform display processing. In aspects, the apparatus may be the display processor 127 within the device 104, or may be some other hardware within the device 104 or another device. The apparatus, e.g., display processor 127, may include means for determining a recording block size. The apparatus, e.g., display processor 127, may also include means for determining a compensation block size. The apparatus, e.g., display processor 127, may also include means for recording a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size. The apparatus, e.g., display processor 127, may also include means for determining a display frame in accordance with a set of compensation pixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based onrecording information in the recording block. The apparatus, e.g., display processor 127, may also include means for outputting a set of visual images in accordance with the adjusted recording block size or the adjusted compensation block size.
[0094] The subject matter described herein may be implemented to realize one or more benefits or advantages. For instance, the described display processing techniques may be used by a display processor, a DPU, a CPU, a central processor, or some other processor that may perform display processing to implement the anti-aging recording described herein. This may also be accomplished at a low cost compared to other display processing techniques. Moreover, the display processing techniques herein may improve or speed up data processing or execution. Further, the display processing techniques herein may improve resource or data utilization and / or resource efficiency. Additionally, aspects of the present disclosure may utilize anti-aging recording techniques inorder to improve memory bandwidth efficiency and / or increase processing speed at a display processor, a DPU, or a CPU.
[0095] It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks / steps in the processes, flowcharts, and / or call flow diagrams disclosed herein is an illustration of example approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the blocks / steps in the processes, flowcharts, and / or call flow diagrams may be rearranged. Further, some blocks / steps may be combined and / or omitted. Other blocks / steps may also be added. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various blocks / steps in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
[0096] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language of the claims, where reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration. ” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects.
[0097] Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more and the term “or” may be interpreted as “and / or” where context does not dictate otherwise. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module, ” “mechanism, ” “element, ” “device, ” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means. ” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for. ” Unless stated otherwise, the phrase “a processor” may refer to “any of one or more processors” (e.g., one processor of one or more processors, a number (greater than one) of processors in the one or more processors, or all of the one or more processors) and the phrase “a memory” may refer to “any of one or more memories” (e.g., one memory of one or more memories, a number (greater than one) of memories in the one or more memories, or all of the one or more memories) .
[0098] In one or more examples, the functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. For example, although the term “processing unit” has been used throughout this disclosure, such processing units may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If any function, processing unit, technique described herein, or other module is implemented in software, the function, processing unit, technique described herein, or other module may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
[0099] Computer-readable media may include computer data storage media or communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. In this manner, computer-readable media generally may correspond to: (1) tangible computer-readable storage media, which is non-transitory; or (2) a communication medium such as a signal or carrier wave. Data storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by one or more computers or one or more processors to retrieve instructions, code, and / or data structures for implementation of the techniques described in this disclosure. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM) , or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, or other magnetic storage devices. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD) , laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs usually reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. A computer program product may include a computer-readable medium.
[0100] The techniques of this disclosure may be implemented in a wide variety of devices or apparatuses, including a wireless handset, an integrated circuit (IC) or a set of ICs, e.g., a chip set. Various components, modules or units are described in this disclosure to emphasize functional aspects of devices configured to perform the disclosed techniques, but do not necessarily need realization by different hardware units. Rather, as described above, various units may be combined in any hardware unit or provided by a collection of inter-operative hardware units, including one or more processors as described above, in conjunction with suitable software and / or firmware. Accordingly, the term “processor, ” as used herein may refer to any of the foregoing structure or any other structure suitable for implementation of the techniques described herein. Also, the techniques may be fully implemented in one or more circuits or logic elements.
[0101] The following aspects are illustrative only and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein, without limitation.
[0102] Aspect 1 is a method of display processing, comprising: determining a recording block size; determining a compensation block size; recording a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size; determining a display frame in accordance with a set of compensationpixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based on recording information in the recording block; and outputting the display frame to a display.
[0103] Aspect 2 may be combined with aspect 1 and includes that outputting the display frame to the display comprises: displaying, via the display, the display frame in accordance with the recording block size and the compensation block size.
[0104] Aspect 3 may be combined with aspect 1 and includes that recording the set of pixel values for the recording block includes: recording, in the memory and for an aging region of interest (ROI) or a subsampling of a set of subpixels, the set of pixel values.
[0105] Aspect 4 may be combined with aspect 3 and includes that the subsampling of the set of subpixels includes a set of subsamples over the set of subpixels in accordance with a rotating phase.
[0106] Aspect 5 may be combined with aspect 4 and includes that each subsample of the set of subsamples includes: a first dimension and a second dimension of the recording block size associated with dimensions of the set of subpixels and the rotating phase; and a subset of the set of pixel values for a subpixel subset of the set of subpixels in accordance with the rotating phase; and includes that determine the recording block size for the recording block includes setting a first recording block size based on the first dimension and the second dimension.
[0107] Aspect 6 may be combined with aspect 5 and includes that outputting the display frame to the display includes reconstructing static content associated with the set of pixel values to a full resolution of an associated image based on the subsampling of the set of subpixels.
[0108] Aspect 7 may be combined with aspect 5 and includes that the set of subsamples over the set of subpixels in accordance with the rotating phase is outside of the aging ROI, wherein to determine the recording block size for the recording block, the processor is configured to determine a second recording block size for a second recording block inside of the aging ROI.
[0109] Aspect 8 may be combined with aspect 3 and includes that determining the recording block size for the recording block includes setting the recording block size, for the aging ROI, to a uniform recording block size or to a non-uniform recording block size with respect to a subpixel outside of the aging ROI.
[0110] Aspect 9 may be combined with aspect 8 and includes that the aging ROI includes a subpixel subset of the set of subpixels associated with an icon of an application during runtime, wherein a configuration of the aging ROI is associated with a default setting based on the application or a display accumulation aging factor map for an aggregated runtime of the application.
[0111] Aspect 10 may be combined with aspect 9 and includes that the display accumulation aging factor map is based on periodic identifications of aging for subpixels of the set of subpixels; and includes that determining the recording block size for the recording block includes configuring the aging ROI in accordance with an aging threshold condition for a number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels being indicative of a threshold subpixel aging.
[0112] Aspect 11 may be combined with any of aspects 1-10 and includes that determining the compensation block size includes: determining the compensation block size as a decreased compensation block size in accordance with an aging threshold condition for a first number; or determining the compensation block size as an increased compensation block size in accordance with the aging threshold condition for a second number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels being indicative of the threshold subpixel aging.
[0113] Aspect 12 may be combined with aspect 11 and includes that the first number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels and the second number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels comprise different regions of non-uniform compensation block sizes for the display.
[0114] Aspect 13 may be combined with aspect 12 and includes that a boundary associated with the different regions of the non-uniform compensation block sizes for the display are based on a set of layer names, a set of layer coordinates, the set of pixel values, or object recognition.
[0115] Aspect 14 may be combined with any of aspects 1-13 and includes that a set of subpixels of the display comprises an array of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) .
[0116] Aspect 15 may be combined with any of aspects 1-14 and includes that outputting the display frame comprises: transmitting the display frame in accordance with the recording block size and the compensation block size; or storing the display frame in accordance with the recording block size and the compensation block size.
[0117] Aspect 16 is an apparatus for display processing comprising a processor coupled to a memory and, based on information stored in the memory, the processor is configured to implement a method as in any of aspects 1-15.
[0118] Aspect 17 may be combined with aspect 16 and comprises that the apparatus is a wireless communication device.
[0119] Aspect 18 is an apparatus for display processing comprising means for implementing a method as in any of aspects 1-15.
[0120] Aspect 19 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer readable-medium) storing computer executable code, the computer executable code, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement a method as in any of aspects 1-15.
[0121] Various aspects have been described herein. These and other aspects are within the scope of the following claims.
Claims
1.An apparatus for display processing, comprising:a display;a memory; anda processor coupled to the memory and the display, wherein, based on information stored in the memory, the processor is configured to:determine a recording block size;determine a compensation block size;record a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size;determine a display frame in accordance with a set of compensation pixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based on recording information in the recording block; andoutput the display frame to the display.2.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to output the display frame to the display, the processor is configured to:display, via the display, the display frame in accordance with the recording block size and the compensation block size.3.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to record the set of pixel values for the recording block, the processor is configured to:record, in the memory and for an aging region of interest (ROI) or a subsampling of a set of subpixels, the set of pixel values.4.The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the subsampling of the set of subpixels includes a set of subsamples over the set of subpixels in accordance with a rotating phase.5.The apparatus of claim 4, wherein each subsample of the set of subsamples includes:a first dimension and a second dimension of the recording block size associated with dimensions of the set of subpixels and the rotating phase; anda subset of the set of pixel values for a subpixel subset of the set of subpixels in accordance with the rotating phase;wherein to determine the recording block size for the recording block, the processor is configured to set a first recording block size based on the first dimension and the second dimension.6.The apparatus of claim 5, wherein to output the display frame to the display, the processor is configured to:reconstruct static content associated with the set of pixel values to a full resolution of an associated image based on the subsampling of the set of subpixels.7.The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the set of subsamples over the set of subpixels in accordance with the rotating phase is outside of the aging ROI, wherein to determine the recording block size for the recording block, the processor is configured to determine a second recording block size for a second recording block inside of the aging ROI.8.The apparatus of claim 3, wherein to determine the recording block size for the recording block, the processor is configured to set the recording block size, for the aging ROI, to a uniform recording block size or to a non-uniform recording block size with respect to a subpixel outside of the aging ROI.9.The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the aging ROI includes a subpixel subset of the set of subpixels associated with an icon of an application during runtime, wherein a configuration of the aging ROI is associated with a default setting based on the application or a display accumulation aging factor map for an aggregated runtime of the application.10.The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the display accumulation aging factor map is based on periodic identifications of aging for subpixels of the set of subpixels;wherein to determine the recording block size for the recording block, the processor is configured to configure the aging ROI in accordance with an aging threshold condition for a number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels being indicative of a threshold subpixel aging.11.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to determine the compensation block size, the processor is configured to:determine the compensation block size as a decreased compensation block size in accordance with an aging threshold condition for a first number of subpixels of a set of subpixels being indicative of an absence of threshold subpixel aging; ordetermine the compensation block size as an increased compensation block size in accordance with the aging threshold condition for a second number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels being indicative of the threshold subpixel aging.12.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels and the second number of the subpixels of the set of subpixels comprise different regions of non-uniform compensation block sizes for the display.13.The apparatus of claim 12, wherein a boundary associated with the different regions of the non-uniform compensation block sizes for the display are based on a set of layer names, a set of layer coordinates, the set of pixel values, or object recognition.14.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a set of subpixels of the display comprises an array of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) .15.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is a wireless communication device, further comprising a transceiver coupled to the processor, wherein to output the display frame, the processor is configured to:transmit, via the transceiver, the display frame in accordance with the recording block size and the compensation block size; orstore, in the memory, the display frame in accordance with the recording block size and the compensation block size.16.A method of display processing, comprising:determining a recording block size;determining a compensation block size;recording a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size;determining a display frame in accordance with a set of compensation pixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based on recording information in the recording block; andoutputting the display frame to a display.17.The method of claim 16, wherein outputting the display frame to the display comprises:displaying, via the display, the display frame in accordance with the recording block size and the compensation block size.18.The method of claim 17, wherein recording the set of pixel values for the recording block includes:recording, in a memory and based on the recording block size for an aging region of interest (ROI) or a subsampling of a set of subpixels, the set of pixel values,wherein the subsampling of the set of subpixels includes a set of subsamples over the set of subpixels in accordance with a rotating phase, orwherein the aging ROI includes a subpixel subset of the set of subpixels associated with an icon of an application.19.The method of claim 16, wherein determining the compensation block size includes:determining the compensation block size as a decreased compensation block size in accordance with an aging threshold condition for a first number of subpixels of a set of subpixels being indicative of an absence of threshold subpixel aging; ordetermining the compensation block size as an increased compensation block size in accordance with the aging threshold condition for a second number of subpixels of the set of subpixels being indicative of the threshold subpixel aging.20.A computer-readable medium storing computer executable code at a device, the code when executed by a processor causes the processor to:determine a recording block size;determine a compensation block size;record a set of pixel values for a recording block in accordance with the recording block size;determine a display frame in accordance with a set of compensation pixels in a compensation block corresponding to the compensation block size and based on recording information in the recording block; andoutput the display frame to the display.
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