Underwater negative pressure multi-sample sampling and density rapid measurement device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ocean exploration engineering, and in particular to an underwater negative pressure multi-sample sampling and density rapid measurement device and method. The measurement device comprises top plates, and further comprises a housing, a marking rope, a sampling switch, a switch adjusting assembly, a rotating disc, locking assemblies, sampling cylinders and measurement assemblies. In the present application, by manually pulling the sampling switch, the switch adjusting assembly is driven to successively rotate the rotating disc, and the rotating disc successively actuates the locking assemblies to unlock the sampling cylinders in the corresponding groups for upward lifting; seawater is drawn into the sampling cylinders by utilizing the negative pressure inside the sampling cylinders and enters the measurement assemblies in communication with the sampling cylinders; and the inflow of seawater changes the spacing between capacitor plates, and the density of the incoming seawater is measured by utilizing the resulting change in capacitance. Thus, by pulling the sampling switch at a specific depth each time, real-time sampling of seawater from the specific depth layer is achieved, and during each lowering operation, multiple sampling cylinders can be utilized to collect seawater from different depth layers for measurement.

Description

A device and method for underwater negative pressure multi-sample sampling and rapid weight measurement Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine exploration engineering technology, and in particular to an underwater negative pressure multi-sample sampling and rapid weight measurement device and method. Background Technology

[0002] River estuaries and bays are areas where runoff and seawater mix. Due to varying geographical environments, the characteristics of runoff differ, and the complex aquatic environment makes its hydrological properties highly uncertain. Hydrological density has a significant impact on underwater construction. Construction activities increase the content of soluble salts in the water, causing bottom sediment to rise to the surface, resulting in a sharp increase in water density within the construction area. This poses serious safety hazards to underwater equipment and divers. The traditional approach is to obtain water samples from different depths, place them in containers, and send them to a laboratory for testing and analysis.

[0003] Currently, samplers only support single-sample collection, allowing only one sample to be collected at a time, resulting in low sampling efficiency. A common water sampling method is the traditional pull-out sampler, which opens after being lowered to a designated location to store the water sample, and is then pulled to the surface. This process often results in incomplete sealing, and the sample is easily contaminated due to density differences and movement. Some samplers can be sealed and pulled out after underwater sampling, but the sample still needs to be returned to the laboratory for measurement to obtain density data.

[0004] This product can be installed for multi-sample combined sampling, collecting multiple samples simultaneously, or performing stratified water profile sampling. It supports both surface and underwater sampling, and its built-in algorithm directly measures water density, eliminating the need to return to a laboratory – simple and fast. This product uses negative pressure sampling, ensuring that the sample is not disturbed and remains uncontaminated during the lifting process.

[0005] Underwater silt sampling typically involves grab sampling, which requires large machinery or divers to descend into the water. This method is costly, dangerous, and difficult to operate. Furthermore, the silt samples are disturbed, making it inefficient and prone to significant errors in reflecting actual changes, thus hindering direct guidance for on-site construction. This solution employs negative pressure sampling, using pressure differences to directly draw the mixture of silt and water into the sampling cylinder, thus avoiding the disturbance issues associated with silt sampling.

[0006] Chinese invention patent application CN115615766A discloses a novel water sampler based on seawater sampling. By controlling knob A, the elastic force of spring A is controlled, thereby controlling the pressure of the inlet valve and enabling water sampling at a specified pressure. It is also equipped with a salinity meter and a pH meter. However, the above-mentioned water sampler can only sample seawater at a specific depth and cannot complete the task of collecting water samples from multiple depths in one go. It has low work efficiency, is inconvenient for engineering use, and cannot avoid the pollution problem during the lifting process.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems mentioned above in the background technology, this application provides an underwater negative pressure multi-sample sampling and rapid weight measurement device and method, which: ① enables the sampling device to be lowered once to complete seawater sampling at different depths as needed for engineering projects; ② prevents leakage and contamination when acquiring multiple samples by sealing the sampling tube; ③ creates a negative pressure state not only for water samples but also for silt; ④ utilizes capacitance changes to rapidly measure sample weight, making it suitable for marine exploration engineering.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided in this application is as follows:

[0010] An underwater negative pressure multi-sample sampling and rapid gravity measurement device includes a top plate, under which a slide support is fixedly installed to realize the upward and downward movement of the measuring device. The measuring device also includes a housing, a marking rope, a sampling switch, a switch adjustment assembly, a turntable, a locking assembly, a sampling cylinder, and a detection assembly. One end of the marking rope is fixedly connected to the housing.

[0011] The sampling switch is movably connected to the switch adjustment assembly via a pull rope;

[0012] The switch adjustment assembly consists of a multi-stage linkage, and the rotary disk rotates sequentially under the control of the sampling switch.

[0013] The rotating disc unlocks the locking assembly, and the sampling cylinder is lifted up along the slide bracket.

[0014] Multiple sets of sampling tubes are matched with the locking assembly. When the sampling tubes rise along the slide support, they use the negative pressure inside to attract seawater in and seal it.

[0015] The detection component is connected to the sampling tube, and the density of the incoming seawater is measured by changing the spacing between the capacitor plates through buoyancy.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this application uses a method where pulling the sampling switch manually drives the switch adjustment component to rotate the turntable sequentially. The turntable then sequentially unlocks the locking component, causing the sampling cylinders in the same group to be pulled upwards. The negative pressure inside the sampling cylinder draws seawater into the detection component connected to the sampling cylinder. The inflow of seawater changes the spacing between the capacitor plates, and the density of the inflowing seawater is measured by utilizing the change in capacitance. This method achieves the technical effect of real-time sampling of seawater at a specific depth by pulling the sampling switch at a specific depth each time, and the ability to use multiple sets of sampling cylinders to obtain seawater at different depths for detection each time the sampling switch is lowered.

[0017] Preferably, the switch adjusting assembly includes a support shaft whose end is fixedly connected to the housing, allowing the switch adjusting assembly to rotate about the front end of the support shaft as an axis, and further includes:

[0018] A fixed rotating body formed by a front rotating rod and a rear rotating rod, wherein one end of the front rotating rod is fixedly connected to the hand rope, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rear rotating rod around the aforementioned axis;

[0019] A spring lever is provided, which is coaxially arranged with the rear rotating rod, and a first torsion spring is provided at the coaxial position so that the spring lever pushes the wheel to rotate and then springs back to the original position;

[0020] A return spring is provided, which is supported between the front rotating rod and the housing, and is compressed when the front rotating rod is pulled by the hand rope.

[0021] Based on the above scheme, when the sampling switch is pulled by the hand rope, the switch adjustment component can push and rotate the turntable one by one according to the pulling frequency, and can automatically spring back to the initial position to complete the next push of the turntable.

[0022] Specifically, the rotating disc is mounted on the housing and rotates, including rotor protrusions evenly distributed on its top surface and a pendulum at its bottom.

[0023] The number of rotor protrusions is the same as that of the sampling cylinder, and its shape is bullet-shaped with a lower front and a higher back. It rotates under the push of the switch adjustment component.

[0024] The pendulum is integrally formed by expanding the bottom diameter of the rotary disk. The expansion range is determined according to the number of samplers installed, and the range is 360 / n, where n is the number of samplers.

[0025] The rotor protrusion drives the wheel disc to rotate under the push of the switch adjustment component, and the pendulum formed by the expansion of the diameter unlocks the locking component once with each rotation, which can drive the sampling tube to suck up seawater when a specific depth of seawater layer is reached.

[0026] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes an inverted L-shaped latch and a rotating chuck.

[0027] The "L" bend of the latch lock rotates around the latch shaft fixed to the housing. The long side of the latch lock abuts against the fixed spring, and the short side engages with one side of the rotating chuck.

[0028] The rotating chuck is symmetrically arranged with serrations in opposite directions along its circumference. One end of the chuck engages with the short side to form a limiting engagement, and the other end engages with the side wall of the sampling cylinder. The rotating chuck also includes a reset spring fixedly installed on the rotating chuck. One end of the reset spring abuts against the inner wall of the housing to reset the rotating chuck after rotation. After the serrations of the rotating chuck unlock from the side wall of the sampling cylinder, the negative pressure spring resets and lifts the sampling cylinder upward.

[0029] Furthermore, multiple sets of the sampling cylinders are arranged within the measuring device, which also includes:

[0030] A sliding sidewall has a slot that engages with the saw teeth, allowing it to move up and down along the slide rail support.

[0031] A sealing gasket is placed inside the sampling tube to seal the sampling tube;

[0032] A steel column is installed inside the sampling cylinder, connecting the inner wall of the top of the sampling cylinder and the sealing gasket. A negative pressure spring is sleeved on the upper part of the steel column, and the upper and lower parts respectively abut against the top wall of the sampling cylinder and the shell.

[0033] The water sampler cover is connected to the sealing gasket by an elastic rubber rope and is used to seal the water inlet of the sampler.

[0034] Furthermore, the detection assembly is located on one side of the sampling cylinder, including an upper data acquisition chamber and a lower measurement chamber, which are connected by a test column. The measurement chamber is connected to the sampling cylinder.

[0035] The measuring chamber is equipped with a float, which drives the test column to move up and down.

[0036] A fixed capacitor is installed in the data acquisition chamber, and the test column is located at one end of the data acquisition chamber as a capacitor. A charge meter and a wireless communication module are also installed in the data acquisition chamber.

[0037] Furthermore, a horizontal alignment device is also provided on the housing of the measuring device.

[0038] A method for underwater negative pressure multi-sample sampling and rapid gravity measurement, the method comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1: Press down the sampling cylinder to purge the air inside and then lock it;

[0040] S2: Deploy the measuring device to a specific depth in a designated sea area using a marker rope;

[0041] S3: Pull the hand rope of the sampling switch to drive the switch adjustment component to rotate the turntable;

[0042] S4: The locking assembly is unlocked during the rotation of the rotary table, and the negative pressure is used to pull the sampling cylinder upward;

[0043] S5: When the sampling tube is pulled upward, the negative pressure causes the seawater sample to enter the tube and flow into the detection component;

[0044] S6: Detect changes in the spacing between capacitors within the detection component, measure the specific gravity of the seawater sample, and upload the data to the ship's control room for analysis.

[0045] S7: Pull the marker rope to another depth and repeat steps S3-S6 above to measure the specific gravity of the seawater layer at different depths for data analysis.

[0046] Furthermore, the step S6, which involves measuring the weight of the seawater sample by the spacing between the capacitor plates, is as follows: the detection assembly is located on one side of the sampling tube, including an upper data acquisition chamber and a lower measurement chamber, which are connected by a test column. The measurement chamber is connected to the sampling tube.

[0047] The measuring chamber is equipped with a float, which drives the test column to move up and down.

[0048] A fixed capacitor is installed in the data acquisition chamber, and the test column is located at one end of the data acquisition chamber as a capacitor. A charge meter and a wireless communication module are also installed in the data acquisition chamber.

[0049] The float is subjected to buoyancy force F 浮 Damping fixed pressure F 阻 The weight G of the float; the up-and-down movement of the float causes the capacitor plates at one end of the test column to move up and down, with a spacing h between the capacitor plates. By measuring the charge capacitance E under a constant voltage, the specific weight d of the water can be determined. w ;

[0050] Δh=ε·S / ΔC

[0051] C — Capacitor;

[0052] ε—the dielectric constant of the medium between the plates;

[0053] S—plate area;

[0054] h—distance between the plates;

[0055] k—Spring constant;

[0056] d w —Severe water or silt

[0057] The float is in equilibrium, vertically balanced.

[0058] F 浮 =F 阻 +G

[0059] F 阻 =k·Δh

[0060] F 浮 =d·V

[0061] d·V=k·h+G

[0062] d w = (k·Δh+G) / V.

[0063] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0064] 1. Two or more collectors can be deployed as needed, and multiple samples can be collected with a single deployment.

[0065] 2. The sampling process is remotely controlled using a handle-type switch, which is simple and practical to operate.

[0066] 3. By utilizing the principle of negative pressure vacuum to collect underwater samples, sample contamination during the lifting and lowering process can be effectively eliminated, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the data.

[0067] 4. The buoyancy of the float is converted into the capacitance of the capacitor. The high-precision sampling density is calculated by measuring the capacitance. This allows for real-time on-site measurement, avoids measurement errors caused by suspended sediment during sampling, and greatly improves efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 is an overall structural diagram of the measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 is a top view of the rotating disc of the measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of point A of the measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of section B of the measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0072] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The components of the invention described and shown in the drawings herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0073] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after connection. It should be understood that when component A is fixedly connected to component C via component B, changes in the relative positional relationship due to deformation of components A, B, and C are permissible. "Rotary connection" refers to a connection where the components can rotate relative to each other after connection. "Sliding connection" refers to a connection where the components can slide relative to each other after connection. The phrase "two components forming an integrated structure through a one-piece molding process" means that during the formation of one of the two components, that component is connected to the other component, without requiring further processing (such as bonding, welding, snap-fit ​​connections, or screw connections) to connect the two components.

[0074] The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper", "lower", "side", "top", "bottom", etc., are only for reference to the direction of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0075] The term "multiple" refers to at least two. The term "more than" includes the stated number. The term "and / or" describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0076] Example

[0077] Please refer to Figure 1 for the overall structural diagram of the device. This invention provides an underwater negative pressure multi-sample sampling and rapid weight measurement device and method, aiming to solve the problems of current samplers only supporting single-sample sampling, only able to collect flowing water samples or underwater silt, and only able to collect a single sample at a time, resulting in low sampling efficiency. The measurement device of this invention includes: a top plate 2, with a slide support 3 fixedly installed under the top plate 2 to realize the upward and downward movement of the measurement device; the measurement device also includes a housing 1, a marking rope 4, a sampling switch 5, a switch adjustment component 6, a turntable 7, a locking component 8, a sampling cylinder 9, and a detection component 10. One end of the marking rope 4 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and marks 401 are evenly spaced on the marking rope 1; a horizontal alignment instrument 16 is also installed on the housing 1 of the measurement device, and the horizontal alignment instrument 16 is connected to the control host on the hull via a data cable. Wherein:

[0078] The sampling switch 5 is movably connected to the switch adjustment assembly 6 via a pull rope 501;

[0079] The switch adjustment assembly 6 is composed of multi-stage linkages, which rotate the rotary disk 7 sequentially under the control of the sampling switch; the switch adjustment assembly 6 includes a support shaft 603 whose end is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing 1, so that the switch adjustment assembly 6 rotates about the front end of the support shaft 603 as the axis, and also includes:

[0080] The fixed rotating body formed by the front rotating rod 601 and the rear rotating rod 602 has one end of the front rotating rod 601 fixedly connected to the pull rope 501 and the other end fixedly connected to the rear rotating rod 602 through the aforementioned axis, so that the fixed rotating body is controlled by the pull rope 501. When lifted, the front rotating rod 601 moves upward and the rear rotating rod 602 moves forward, compressing the return spring 606 set between the front rotating rod 601 and the housing 1.

[0081] In addition, the switch adjustment assembly 6 also includes a spring lever 604, which is coaxially arranged with the rear rotating rod 602, and a first torsion spring 605 is provided at the coaxial position. After the spring lever 604 pushes the rotary disk 7 to rotate, the spring lever 604 is rebounded to its original position by the rebound force of the first torsion spring 605, thereby releasing the compression force of the reset spring 606.

[0082] Based on the above scheme, when the sampling switch 6 pulls the front rotating rod 601 by the hand pull rope 501, the switch adjustment component 6 completes the successive pushing and rotating of the wheel disk 7 according to the pulling frequency, and can automatically spring back to the initial position to complete the next pushing of the wheel disk 7.

[0083] Please refer to the top view of the rotary disc in Figure 2. The rotary disc 7 rotates, triggering the locking assembly 8 to unlock. The negative pressure spring 18 recovers from its compressed state, lifting the sampling cylinder 9 along the slide bracket 3. Specifically, the rotary disc 7 rotates around an axis fixed to the housing 1, including rotor protrusions 701 evenly distributed on its top surface and a pendulum 702 at its bottom.

[0084] The number of rotor protrusions 701 is the same as that of the sampling cylinder 9. Their shape is bullet-shaped, with a pointed front and a wide rear, and a low front and a high rear. The front end of the spring lever 604 is concave and is used to engage the rear end of the rotor protrusions 701 to push the wheel disk 7 to rotate.

[0085] The pendulum 702 is integrally formed by expanding the bottom diameter of the rotary disk 7. The expansion range is determined according to the number of samplers installed, and the range is 360 / n, where n is the number of samplers.

[0086] The rotor protrusion 701 drives the rotary disc 7 to rotate under the push of the spring rod 604, and the expanded-diameter pendulum 702 unlocks the locking assembly 8 once for each rotation, which can drive the sampling tube 9 to suck up seawater when a specific depth of seawater layer is reached.

[0087] Multiple sets of sampling cylinders 9 are matched with the locking assembly 8. The locking assembly 8 includes an inverted L-shaped latch lock 802 and a rotating chuck 801.

[0088] Please refer to the enlarged structural view at points A and B in Figure 3-4. The "L" bend of the latch lock 802 rotates around the latch shaft 804 fixed to the housing 1. The long side of the latch lock 802 abuts against the fixing spring 803, and the short side engages with the serrations at one end of the rotating chuck 801 for locking.

[0089] The rotating chuck 801 has symmetrically arranged sawtooth teeth in opposite directions along its circumference. One end of the tooth engages with the short side for locking, and the other end engages with the side wall of the sampling cylinder 9. The rotating chuck 801 also includes a reset spring fixedly installed on it. One end of the reset spring abuts against the inner wall of the housing 1 and resets the rotating chuck 801 after rotation. This ensures that each time the rotating chuck 801 is unlocked by the short side of the latch lock 802, the reset spring drives the rotating chuck 801 back to its original engaged position. After the sawtooth teeth at the other end of the rotating chuck 801 unlock the slot on the side wall of the sampling cylinder 9, the negative pressure spring 18 resets and lifts the sampling cylinder 9 upward.

[0090] As the sampling cylinder 9 rises along the slide support 3, it uses its internal negative pressure to draw seawater in and seal it; multiple sets of the sampling cylinder 9 are arranged inside the measuring device, which also includes:

[0091] The sliding sidewall 901 has a slot that engages with the saw teeth and moves up and down along the slide rail bracket 3.

[0092] The sealing gasket 12 is placed inside the sampling cylinder 9 to seal the sampling cylinder 9;

[0093] A steel column 17 is vertically installed inside the sampling cylinder 9, connecting the inner wall of the top of the sampling cylinder 9 and the sealing gasket 12. A negative pressure spring 18 is sleeved on the upper part of the steel column 17, and abuts against the top wall of the sampling cylinder 9 and the shell 1 respectively.

[0094] The water sampler cover 16 is connected to the sealing gasket 12 via an elastic rubber rope 14, and is used to seal the water inlet of the sampling cylinder 9.

[0095] The detection component 10 is connected to the sampling cylinder 9, and measures the specific gravity of the incoming seawater by changing the spacing between the capacitor plates 1004 through buoyancy. Specifically, the detection component 10 is located on one side of the sampling cylinder 9, including an upper data acquisition chamber 1008 and a lower measurement chamber 1009. The data acquisition chamber 1008 and the measurement chamber 1009 are connected by a test column 1003, wherein the measurement chamber 1009 is connected to the sampling cylinder 9, wherein:

[0096] A float 1002 is installed inside the measuring chamber 1009, and the float 1002 drives the test column 1003 to move up and down.

[0097] A fixed capacitor plate 1004 is installed inside the data acquisition chamber 1008, located at the upper part of the data acquisition chamber 1008. The test column 1003 is located at one end of the capacitor plate 1004 in the data acquisition chamber 1008, at the lower part of the data acquisition chamber 1008. A spring is installed between the lower capacitor plate 1004 and the inner wall of the data acquisition chamber 1008. The data acquisition chamber 1008 also contains a charge meter and a wireless communication module. The wireless communication module is connected to the charge meter and transmits the collected charge meter data to the ship control room via wireless communication. The specific detection method steps are as follows:

[0098] S1: After pressing down the sampling cylinder 9 and emptying the air inside, the short side of the latch lock 802 locks with the sawtooth at one end of the rotating chuck 801. At this time, the sawtooth at one end of the rotating chuck 801 locks with the slot on the side wall of the sampling cylinder 9. Specifically, a suitable number of sampling cylinders 9 are pressed along the fixed slide bracket 3. The sliding side wall 901 of the sampling cylinder 9 moves downward with the sampling cylinder. The slot on the sliding side wall 901 drives the rotating chuck 801 to rotate clockwise. After stopping the pressing down, the slide bracket 3 is pulled upward by the negative pressure spring 18, which makes the rotating chuck 801 have a counterclockwise rotation tendency. Due to the restoring rebound force of the negative pressure spring 18, the short side of the latch lock 802 engages with the rotating chuck 801 and locks the sawtooth at one end of the rotating chuck 801.

[0099] S2: Fix the top plate 2 of the measuring device to the hull, and lower it to a specific depth in the designated sea area by using the marking rope 4;

[0100] S3: Pulling the hand rope 501 of the sampling switch 5 drives the switch adjustment component 6 to drive the wheel 7 to rotate; specifically, when the hand rope 501 pulls the front rotating rod 601, the front rotating rod 601 moves upward, the rear rotating rod 602 moves forward, and compresses the reset spring 606 set between the front rotating rod 601 and the housing 1. The spring lever 604 pushes the rear end of the rotor protrusion 701 to drive the wheel 7 to rotate.

[0101] S4: During the rotation of the rotary disc 7, the locking assembly 8 is unlocked, and the compressed negative pressure spring 18 is decompressed and restored, driving the sampling cylinder 9 to be lifted upward; specifically, when the rotary disc 7 rotates around the axis fixed on the housing 1, the swing 702 formed by the expansion of its bottom diameter hits the long side of the buckle lock 802, so that the long side squeezes the fixed spring 803, while the short side rotates outward around the buckle shaft 804 to unlock the serrations on the rotating chuck 801 and the slots on the sliding side wall 901. The unlocked rotating chuck 801 rotates counterclockwise, and the sampling cylinder 9 is lifted upward to the top because the negative pressure spring 18 is restored from the compressed state to the extended natural state;

[0102] S5: When the sampling cylinder 9 is pulled upward, negative atmospheric pressure is generated inside the cylinder, causing the seawater sample to be pressed into the cylinder and flow into the detection component 10; after the seawater enters the cylinder, the sealing gasket 12 tightens the rubber rope 14, which drives the water sampler cover plate 16 to seal the sampler port.

[0103] S6: The spacing of the capacitors 1004 in the detection component 10 changes, the weight of the seawater sample is measured and uploaded to the ship's control room for data analysis.

[0104] S7: Pull the marker rope 4 to another depth, repeat steps S3-S6 above, and measure the specific gravity of the seawater layer at different depths for data analysis.

[0105] The step S6, which involves measuring the specific gravity of the seawater sample using the spacing of the capacitor plates 1004, is as follows:

[0106] A fixed capacitor 1004 is installed inside the data acquisition chamber 1008. The test column 1003 is located at one end of the data acquisition chamber 1008 as the capacitor 1004. A charge meter and a wireless communication module are also installed in the data acquisition chamber 1008.

[0107] The float is subjected to buoyancy force F 浮 Damping fixed pressure F 阻 The weight G of the float; the up-and-down movement of the float causes the capacitor plates at one end of the test column to move up and down, with a spacing h between the capacitor plates. By measuring the charge capacitance E under a constant voltage, the specific weight d of the water can be determined. w ;

[0108] Δh=ε·S / ΔC

[0109] C — Capacitor;

[0110] ε—the dielectric constant of the medium between the plates;

[0111] S—plate area;

[0112] h—distance between the plates;

[0113] k—Spring constant;

[0114] d w —Severe water or silt

[0115] The float is in equilibrium, vertically balanced.

[0116] F 浮 =F 阻 +G

[0117] F 阻 =k·Δh

[0118] F 浮 =d·V

[0119] d·V=k·h+G

[0120] d w = (k·Δh+G) / V.

[0121] Compared with the prior art, this application uses a method where pulling the sampling switch manually drives the switch adjustment component to rotate the turntable sequentially. The turntable then sequentially unlocks the locking component, causing the sampling cylinders in the same group to be pulled upwards. The negative pressure inside the sampling cylinder attracts seawater to flow into the detection component connected to the sampling cylinder. The inflow of seawater changes the spacing between the capacitor plates, and the density of the inflowing seawater is measured by utilizing the change in capacitance. This method achieves the technical effect of real-time sampling of seawater at a specific depth by pulling the sampling switch at a specific depth each time, and the ability to use multiple sets of sampling cylinders to obtain seawater at different depths for detection each time the sampling switch is lowered.

[0122] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This method of description is merely for clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An underwater negative pressure multi-sample sampling and rapid specific gravity measuring device, characterized in that The measuring device comprises a top plate, a slide bracket fixedly arranged below the top plate to realize the pulling up and lowering of the measuring device, a shell, a marker rope, a sampling switch, a switch adjusting assembly, a wheel dial, a lock catch assembly, a sampling cylinder and a detection assembly, one end of the marker rope being fixedly connected to the shell; wherein The sampling switch is movably connected to the switch adjusting assembly through a hand pull rope; The switch adjusting assembly is composed of multiple connecting rods, and the wheel dial is rotated successively under the control of the sampling switch; The wheel dial rotates to unlock the lock catch assembly, and the sampling cylinder is pulled up along the slide bracket; The sampling cylinder is matched with the lock catch assembly in multiple groups, and when the sampling cylinder is raised along the slide bracket, the seawater is pressed into and sealed by the negative pressure in the sampling cylinder; The detection assembly is communicated with the sampling cylinder, and the specific gravity of the inflowing seawater is measured by changing the distance between the capacitor sheets through the buoyancy.

2. The measuring device of claim 1, wherein The switch adjusting assembly comprises a support shaft rod fixedly connected to the shell at the end, so that the switch adjusting assembly rotates around the front end of the support shaft rod, and further comprises: A fixed rotating body formed by a front rotating rod and a rear rotating rod, one end of the front rotating rod being fixedly connected to the hand pull rope, and the other end being fixedly connected to the rear rotating rod with the above-mentioned shaft center; A plucking rod coaxially arranged with the rear rotating rod and provided with a first torsional spring at the coaxial position, so that the plucking rod pushes the wheel dial to rotate and then rebounds to the original position; A reset spring supported between the front rotating rod and the shell, The reset spring is compressed when the front rotating rod is pulled up by the hand pull rope.

3. The measuring device of claim 1, wherein The wheel dial is arranged on the shell for rotation, comprising rotor protrusions uniformly arranged on the top surface and a bottom swing, The number of the rotor protrusions is consistent with the number of the sampling cylinders, and the shape is a bullet shape with a low front and a high back, which rotates under the pushing of the switch adjusting assembly; The bottom swing is integrally formed with the wheel dial, and the diameter of the bottom swing is expanded, the expansion range of the expanded diameter is determined according to the number of installed sampling devices, and the range is 360 / n, n being the number of sampling devices.

4. The measuring device of claim 1, wherein The lock catch assembly comprises a "inverted L" type buckle lock and a rotating chuck, The "L" bending part of the buckle lock rotates around the buckle shaft fixedly arranged on the shell, the long side of the buckle lock abuts against the fixed spring, and the short side is clamped on one side of the rotating chuck; The rotating chuck is symmetrically arranged with opposite sawteeth along the circumference, one end of the sawteeth forms a limiting clamping with the short side, and the other end clamps with the side wall of the sampling cylinder, and further comprises a reset button spring fixedly arranged on the rotating chuck, one end of the reset button spring abutting against the inner wall of the shell, the rotating chuck is reset after rotation, and the sawteeth of the rotating chuck are unlocked with the side wall of the sampling cylinder, and the negative pressure spring is reset to pull up the sampling cylinder.

5. The measuring device of claim 1, wherein The sampling cylinder is arranged in multiple groups in the measuring device, and further comprises: A steel column arranged in the sampling cylinder, connecting the inner wall of the top end of the sampling cylinder and the sealing gasket, the upper part of the steel column being sleeved with a negative pressure spring, and the upper and lower parts abutting against the top wall of the sampling cylinder and the shell, respectively; The sliding side wall is provided with a clamping groove which is clamped with the sawtooth, and after unlocking, the sampler is moved upward along the slide support under the action of the negative pressure spring; The sealing gasket is arranged in the sampling cylinder to seal the sampling cylinder; The water sampler cover plate is connected with the sealing gasket through the elastic rubber rope and is used for sealing the water inlet of the sampling cylinder.

6. The measuring device of claim 1, wherein The detection assembly is arranged on one side of the sampling cylinder and includes an upper data acquisition chamber and a lower measuring chamber, the data acquisition chamber and the measuring chamber are communicated through a test column, the measuring chamber is communicated with the sampling cylinder, and a floating block is arranged in the measuring chamber. The floating block drives the test column to move up and down. A fixed capacitor plate is arranged in the data acquisition chamber, one end of the test column in the data acquisition chamber is the capacitor plate, and a charge table and a wireless communication module are further arranged in the data acquisition chamber.

7. A method of measuring according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by The steps include the following: S1: press the sampling cylinder, empty the air in it, and then lock it; S2: lower the measuring device, and lower the specified depth in the specified sea area through the marker rope; S3: pull the hand rope of the sampling switch to drive the switch adjusting assembly to drive the wheel disc to rotate; S4: the bottom of the wheel disc is unlocked during the rotation of the wheel disc, and the sampling cylinder is pulled up by the negative pressure state; S5: when the sampling cylinder is pulled up, the seawater sample is pressed into the cylinder due to the negative pressure, and flows into the detection assembly; S6: according to the change of the distance between the capacitor plates in the detection assembly, the specific gravity of the seawater sample is measured and uploaded to the ship control room for data analysis; S7: pull the marker rope to another depth, repeat the steps S3-S6, and measure the specific gravity of seawater layers at different depths for data analysis.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein In the step S6, the specific gravity of the seawater sample is measured by the distance between the capacitor plates, the detection assembly is arranged on one side of the sampling cylinder and includes an upper data acquisition chamber and a lower measuring chamber, the data acquisition chamber and the measuring chamber are communicated through a test column, the measuring chamber is communicated with the sampling cylinder, and a floating block is arranged in the measuring chamber. The floating block drives the test column to move up and down. A fixed capacitor plate is arranged in the data acquisition chamber, one end of the test column in the data acquisition chamber is the capacitor plate, and a charge table and a wireless communication module are further arranged in the data acquisition chamber. Buoy is subjected to the buoyancy force F 浮 , damping fixed pressure F 阻 , self-weight G; the up and down floating of the buoy drives the up and down movement of the capacitive sheet at one end of the test column, the distance h between the capacitive sheets, by measuring the charge capacity E under constant voltage, the water specific gravity d can be determined w ; Δh=ε·S / ΔC C—capacitance; ε—dielectric constant of the medium between the plates; S—plate area; h—distance between the plates; k—spring stiffness coefficient; d w - water or sludge unit weight The floating block is in a balanced state, and the vertical balance is: F 浮 = F 阻 + G F 阻 = k - Δh F 浮 = d · V d·V=k·h+G d w = (k Ah + G) / V.

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