High-transmittance acrylic resin and high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic encapsulating materials, and provides a high-transmittance acrylic resin and a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel. According to the present application, an acrylic resin having a refractive index of 1.52-1.55 and a transmittance of 92% or higher is obtained by means of controlling the types and amounts of raw materials for the acrylic resin. The resin has good weather resistance and chemical resistance. As the main component of a photovoltaic encapsulating front panel, the resin can effectively extend the service life of a photovoltaic encapsulating material while reducing the costs of a resin material. The present application uses glass fiber having a refractive index of 1.50-1.53 as a fiber raw material, which has few mechanical impurities and can ensure the transparency and mechanical strength of the photovoltaic front panel. By means of controlling the refractive index ratio of the glass fiber to the resin to be between 0.96 and 0.987, the transmittance of the photovoltaic front panel is increased, enabling the transmittance of the photovoltaic front panel to reach 92-93% (400-1100 nm), which is much higher than the transmittance of existing photovoltaic encapsulating materials.

Description

A high-transmittance acrylic resin and a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. CN 202410666891.8, filed on May 28, 2024, entitled “A High Transmittance Acrylic Resin and a High Transmittance Photovoltaic Front Panel”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic encapsulation materials technology, and in particular to a high-transmittance acrylic resin and a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel. Background Technology

[0003] Solar energy is a clean and renewable energy source, and one of the key technologies for its utilization is photovoltaic (PV) power generation. The core component of PV power generation is the solar cell, which is mainly made of semiconductor materials such as silicon and converts solar energy into electrical energy. However, solar cells need to be encapsulated to protect them from environmental factors such as moisture, oxygen, and ultraviolet radiation. The choice of PV encapsulation materials has a significant impact on the efficiency and lifespan of solar cells. Currently, commonly used PV encapsulation materials include ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polycarbonate (PC). These materials have good transparency, weather resistance, and mechanical properties, but their light transmittance is only about 89%, which still needs improvement.

[0004] To improve the light transmittance of photovoltaic encapsulation materials, a common method is to add fluorine-containing polymers, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). However, these polymers are expensive, increasing production costs. Furthermore, the addition of functional polymers can affect other properties of photovoltaic encapsulation components, such as the front panel, including mechanical strength and thermal stability, thus limiting their practical application.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a high-transmittance acrylic resin and a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel. The high-transmittance acrylic resin provided in this application has a suitable refractive index and high transmittance, and the high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel prepared from it has good mechanical strength and thermal stability while also having high transmittance.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This application provides a high-transmittance acrylic resin, prepared from raw materials comprising the following parts by weight:

[0009] The functional monomers include one or more of hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, n-dodecyl acrylate, and polyethylene glycol methacrylate.

[0010] Preferably, the chain transfer agent includes one or more of n-dodecyl mercaptan, tert-dodecyl mercaptan, tert-nonyl mercaptan, and n-dodecyl mercaptan;

[0011] The initiator includes one or more of di-tert-butyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, and tert-butyl peroxide-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate.

[0012] Preferably, the refractive index of the high-transmittance acrylic resin is 1.52 to 1.55.

[0013] This application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-transmittance acrylic resin, including the following steps:

[0014] Solvent, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, functional monomer, styrene, and initiator are heated and mixed, and a chain transfer agent is added to carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain a high-transmittance acrylic resin.

[0015] This application provides the application of the above-mentioned high-transmittance acrylic resin in photovoltaic encapsulation components.

[0016] This application provides a method for preparing a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel, comprising the following steps:

[0017] High-transparency acrylic resin is mixed with curing agent and additives, and then melt-extruded, cooled, pulverized and sieved in sequence to obtain nanomaterials.

[0018] The nanomaterials are laid on the surface of glass fiber cloth, and the glass fiber cloth with nanomaterials is hot-pressed and cured to obtain a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel.

[0019] The refractive index of the glass fibers in the glass fiber cloth is 1.50 to 1.53.

[0020] Preferably, the mass ratio of the high-transmittance acrylic resin to the curing agent and additives is 69-71:26-28:1-3;

[0021] The mass ratio of the nanomaterial to the glass fiber cloth is 4:6 to 6:4.

[0022] Preferably, the refractive index ratio of the glass fiber to the high-transmittance acrylic resin is 0.96 to 0.987.

[0023] This application provides a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel prepared by the above-described method, wherein the transmittance of the photovoltaic front panel is 92-93%.

[0024] This application provides a high-transmittance acrylic resin, prepared from raw materials comprising the following parts by weight: 100 parts solvent; 0.3-1 parts methacrylic acid; 10-30 parts methyl methacrylate; 15-20 parts n-butyl methacrylate; 10-25 parts glycidyl methacrylate; 2-5 parts functional monomer; 10-20 parts styrene; 1-4 parts chain transfer agent; and 1-5 parts initiator. By controlling the types and amounts of raw materials used in the acrylic resin, this application obtains an acrylic resin with a refractive index of 1.52-1.55 and a transmittance of over 92%. This resin exhibits good weather resistance and chemical resistance. As a major component of the photovoltaic encapsulation front panel, it can effectively improve the service life of photovoltaic encapsulation materials while reducing the cost of resin materials.

[0025] This application provides a method for preparing a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel, comprising the following steps: mixing high-transmittance acrylic resin with a curing agent and additives, sequentially performing melt extrusion, cooling, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain nanomaterials; laying the nanomaterials on the surface of a glass fiber cloth, hot-pressing the glass fiber cloth with the nanomaterials, and curing to obtain a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel; the refractive index of the glass fibers in the glass fiber cloth is 1.50–1.53. This application uses glass fibers with a refractive index of 1.50–1.53 as the fiber raw material, which has fewer mechanical impurities, ensuring the transparency and mechanical strength of the photovoltaic front panel; by controlling the refractive index ratio of glass fibers to resin to be between 0.96 and 0.987, the transmittance of the photovoltaic front panel is improved, achieving a transmittance of 92–93% (400–1100 nm), far exceeding the transmittance of existing photovoltaic encapsulation materials. Simultaneously, this application also ensures other properties of the photovoltaic front panel, such as mechanical strength and thermal stability, and avoids the use of high-cost functional polymers, reducing production costs.

[0026] Furthermore, the method for preparing the high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel provided in this application is simple and easy to implement, facilitating large-scale production and promoting the development of photovoltaic power generation technology. Simultaneously, due to the material's excellent light transmittance and weather resistance, it can also be widely used in other fields requiring high light transmittance and good weather resistance, such as construction and automobiles. Detailed Implementation

[0027] This application provides a high-transmittance acrylic resin, prepared from raw materials comprising the following parts by weight:

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in this application are commercially available.

[0029] The raw materials for preparing the high-transmittance acrylic resin provided in this application include 100 parts of solvent. In this application, the solvent is preferably one or more of ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, toluene, xylene, ethylene glycol butyl ether, and methyl isobutyl ketone.

[0030] Based on the mass fraction of the solvent, the raw materials for preparing the high-transmittance acrylic resin provided in this application include 0.3 to 1 part of methacrylic acid, preferably 0.5 to 0.8 parts. In this application, the role of the methacrylic acid is to improve the processing properties of the resin, such as its flowability, making it easier to mold and process.

[0031] Based on the mass fraction of the solvent, the raw materials for preparing the high-transmittance acrylic resin provided in this application include 10 to 30 parts of methyl methacrylate, preferably 15 to 25 parts, and more preferably 20 parts. In this application, the role of methyl methacrylate is to improve the polymer's chemical resistance, making it more stable and suitable for more harsh environments, and also to help improve the polymer's transparency.

[0032] Based on the mass fraction of the solvent, the raw materials for preparing the high-transmittance acrylic resin provided in this application include 15 to 20 parts of n-butyl methacrylate, preferably 16 to 18 parts. In this application, the n-butyl methacrylate serves to improve the impact strength and ductility of the resin, thereby enhancing its mechanical properties.

[0033] Based on the mass fraction of the solvent, the raw materials for preparing the high-transmittance acrylic resin provided in this application include 10 to 25 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, preferably 15 to 20 parts. In this application, the epoxy groups in the glycidyl methacrylate can form a cross-linked structure through a curing reaction, thereby increasing the degree of cross-linking of the resin and improving its mechanical strength and heat resistance.

[0034] Based on the mass fraction of the solvent, the raw materials for preparing the high-transmittance acrylic resin provided in this application include 2 to 5 parts of functional monomers, more preferably 3 to 4 parts. In this application, the functional monomers include one or more of hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, n-dodecyl acrylate, and polyethylene glycol methacrylate. In this application, the average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol methacrylate is preferably 300 to 500, more preferably 360 to 400. In this application, the functional monomers are inexpensive and can improve the surface properties of the material, reduce light reflection and scattering, thereby increasing light transmittance.

[0035] Based on the mass fraction of the solvent, the raw materials for preparing the high-transmittance acrylic resin provided in this application include 10 to 20 parts of styrene, preferably 12 to 18 parts, and more preferably 15 parts. In this application, the role of the styrene is to increase the interaction between polymer chains, thereby improving the rigidity of the resin.

[0036] Based on the mass fraction of the solvent, the raw materials for preparing the high-transmittance acrylic resin provided in this application include 1 to 4 parts of a chain transfer agent, more preferably 2 to 3 parts. In this application, the chain transfer agent preferably includes one or more of n-dodecyl mercaptan, tert-dodecyl mercaptan, tert-nonyl mercaptan, and n-dodecyl mercaptan.

[0037] Based on the mass fraction of the solvent, the raw materials for preparing the high-transmittance acrylic resin provided in this application include 1 to 5 parts of an initiator, more preferably 2 to 4 parts. In this application, the initiator preferably includes one or more of di-tert-butyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, and tert-butyl peroxide-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate.

[0038] In this application, the refractive index of the high-transmittance acrylic resin is preferably 1.52 to 1.55, and more preferably 1.53 to 1.54.

[0039] This application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-transmittance acrylic resin, including the following steps:

[0040] Solvent, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, functional monomer, styrene, and initiator are heated and mixed, and a chain transfer agent is added to carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain a high-transmittance acrylic resin.

[0041] In this application, the heating and mixing is preferably specifically:

[0042] Methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, functional monomer, styrene and initiator are mixed to obtain a premix;

[0043] The solvent is heated to the temperature at which the heating mixture is to be added to the hot solvent for mixing.

[0044] In this application, the heating and mixing temperature is preferably 100-150°C, more preferably 120°C. In this application, the premix is ​​preferably added within 4 hours.

[0045] In this application, the chain transfer agent is preferably added within 4.5 hours.

[0046] In this application, the polymerization reaction temperature is preferably 140–180°C, more preferably 160–180°C; the time is preferably 1–4 hours. After the polymerization reaction, this application preferably performs vacuum distillation, removes the melt obtained after vacuum distillation, and cools it to obtain a high-transmittance acrylic resin product.

[0047] This application discloses the use of the aforementioned high-transmittance acrylic resin in photovoltaic encapsulation components. In this application, the photovoltaic encapsulation component preferably includes one or more of a photovoltaic front panel, a photovoltaic transparent back panel, and a perovskite cell substrate.

[0048] This application provides a method for preparing a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel, comprising the following steps:

[0049] High-transparency acrylic resin is mixed with curing agent and additives, and then melt-extruded, cooled, pulverized and sieved in sequence to obtain nanomaterials.

[0050] The nanomaterials are laid on the surface of glass fiber cloth, and the glass fiber cloth with nanomaterials is hot-pressed and cured to obtain a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel.

[0051] The refractive index of the glass fibers in the glass fiber cloth is 1.50 to 1.53, preferably 1.51 to 1.52, and more preferably 1.516.

[0052] This application involves mixing high-transmittance acrylic resin with a curing agent and additives, followed by sequential melt extrusion, cooling, pulverization, and sieving to obtain nanomaterials. In this application, the curing agent preferably includes one or more of dodecanoic acid (DDDA), triglycidyl isocyanate, and isocyanates.

[0053] In this application, the additives preferably include one or more of ultraviolet absorbers, degassing agents, and antioxidants. In this application, the ultraviolet absorber preferably includes 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone or 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole; the degassing agent preferably includes benzoin; and the antioxidant preferably includes one or more of β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, benzofuranone derivatives, and thioester antioxidants.

[0054] In this application, the preferred mass ratio of the high-transmittance acrylic resin to the curing agent and additives is 69–71:26–28:1–3, more preferably 71:28:1. This application does not specify a particular mixing method; any mixing method well-known to those skilled in the art, such as stirring, is acceptable.

[0055] In this application, the temperature of the melt extrusion is preferably 90–130°C, more preferably 100–120°C. This application does not specify a particular cooling method; any cooling method well-known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0056] In this application, the pulverization is preferably performed by pulverizing the cooled material to 400-600 μm; the sieving is preferably performed by passing the material through a 100-mesh sieve.

[0057] After obtaining the micro / nano material, this application lays the micro / nano material on the surface of a glass fiber cloth, and then hot-presses the glass fiber cloth with the micro / nano material laid on it. After curing, a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel is obtained. In this application, the refractive index of the glass fibers in the glass fiber cloth is 1.50-1.53, preferably 1.51-1.52, and more preferably 1.516. In this application, the iron content in the glass fibers is preferably 0.01-0.02 wt%, the nickel content is preferably 0.002-0.003 wt%, the copper content is preferably 0-0.001 wt%, and the titanium content is preferably 1.09-1.10 wt%. As a specific embodiment of this application, the glass fiber cloth is purchased from Jining Hongjun Glass Fiber Co., Ltd., and the model number is 2116.

[0058] In this application, the thickness of the glass fiber cloth is preferably 0.094±0.012 mm, and the basis weight is preferably 105±3 g / m². 2 .

[0059] In this application, the mass ratio of the nanomaterial to the glass fiber cloth is preferably 4:6 to 6:4, and more preferably 4:6, 5:5 or 6:4.

[0060] In this application, the hot pressing method is preferably lamination or roll pressing. In this application, the hot pressing temperature is preferably 130–170°C, more preferably 140–160°C; the pressure is preferably 1–5 MPa, more preferably 2–4 MPa; and the time is preferably 50–60 min.

[0061] In this application, the curing temperature is preferably 130-200℃, more preferably 140-170℃, and even more preferably 150-160℃; the pressure is preferably 1-20MPa, more preferably 5-15MPa, and even more preferably 8-10MPa; and the time is preferably 10-90min, more preferably 20-60min, and even more preferably 30-40min.

[0062] In this application, the refractive index ratio of the glass fiber to the high-transmittance acrylic resin is preferably 0.96 to 0.987, more preferably 0.965 to 0.98.

[0063] This application provides a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel prepared by the above preparation method, wherein the transmittance of the photovoltaic front panel is 92-93%, and the detection wavelength range of the transmittance is 400-1100nm.

[0064] The following detailed description of a high-transmittance acrylic resin and a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel provided in this application, with reference to the embodiments, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0065] Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1

[0066] The raw material formulations of the acrylic resins in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 1:

[0067] Table 1. Raw material formulations (parts by weight) of high-transmittance acrylic resins for the examples and comparative examples.

[0068] In Table 1, the functional monomers of Examples 1, 2, and 3 are n-dodecyl acrylate, the functional monomer of Example 4 is hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, and the functional monomer of Example 5 is polyethylene glycol methacrylate (average molecular weight 360). The chain transfer agent in Table 1 is n-dodecyl mercaptan, and the initiator is tert-butylperoxide-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate.

[0069] The preparation methods of the acrylic resins in the examples and comparative examples employ the following steps:

[0070] The monomers and initiator are mixed according to the formulation ratio. The solvent is heated to 120°C and maintained at this temperature. The monomer mixture is gradually added over 4 hours, while the chain transfer agent is added over 4.5 hours and maintained for 1 hour. The mixture is then heated to 180°C for vacuum distillation. The distilled melt is discharged onto a tray and cooled to form the acrylic resin product.

[0071] The refractive index and transmittance of the acrylic resins obtained in the examples and comparative examples were tested. The refractive index was measured using a Horiba Uvisel Plus ellipsometry with a wavelength range of 200–2000 nm. The transmittance was measured using a PE Lambda 900 with a wavelength range of 400–1100 nm.

[0072] The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0073] Table 2 shows the refractive index and transmittance of the acrylic resins obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1.

[0074] Application examples

[0075] Using the acrylic resin or ordinary resin obtained in Examples 1-5 as raw materials, a photovoltaic front panel is prepared with glass fiber cloth, as follows:

[0076] The resin was mixed with dodecanoic acid curing agent and additives at a mass ratio of 71:28:1, wherein the additives were an ultraviolet absorber (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone), a degassing agent (benzoin), and an antioxidant (β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate octadecyl alcohol ester) at a mass ratio of 32:6:62. The mixture was melt-extruded, cooled, pulverized, and sieved at 110–120 °C to obtain nanomaterials with a particle size of 80–120 micrometers.

[0077] The nanomaterials were laid on the surface of a glass fiber cloth at a mass ratio of 6:4. The glass fiber cloth with the nanomaterials was then hot-pressed at a lamination temperature of 140°C, a pressure of 2 MPa, and a time of 50 min. Curing was then performed at a curing temperature of 170°C, a pressure of 10 MPa, and a time of 40 min, resulting in a photovoltaic front panel.

[0078] The types of fiberglass cloth used are shown in Table 3, and the combinations of resin and fiberglass cloth are shown in Table 4.

[0079] Table 3. Manufacturers, models, and refractive indices of different glass fiber cloths.

[0080] The refractive index, transmittance, and mechanical properties of photovoltaic front panels prepared with different acrylic resins and glass fiber cloth were tested, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0081] The UV aging performance of photovoltaic front panels prepared with different acrylic resins and glass fiber cloth was tested. The UV aging test conditions are shown in Table 5, and the test results are shown in Table 4.

[0082] The tensile length and elongation at break were determined according to the method in GB / T 1040.5-2008 Determination of tensile properties of plastics - Part 5: Test conditions for unidirectional fiber reinforced composites; the heat shrinkage rate was determined according to the method in GB / T 39818-2021 Determination of shrinkage rate of thermosetting molding plastics, with test conditions of 150℃ for 30 minutes.

[0083] Table 4. Refractive index, transmittance, UV aging performance, and mechanical properties of the photovoltaic front panel.

[0084] In Table 4, ordinary resin 1 is DF-06 from Shanghai Dongfu Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., and ordinary resin 2 is DF-07 from Shanghai Dongfu Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. Both resins are mixtures of GMA-type acrylic resin and dodecanoic acid.

[0085] Table 5 UV Aging Test Conditions

[0086] Table 5 shows the cumulative UV irradiance (kWh / m²). 2 = Irradiance × UV irradiance coefficient × Effective illumination time; Effective illumination time = Test time × (Illumination time / 24).

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-transmittance acrylic resin, characterized in that, Prepared from raw materials comprising the following parts by mass: The functional monomers include one or more of hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, n-dodecyl acrylate, and polyethylene glycol methacrylate.

2. The high light transmission acrylic resin according to claim 1, characterized by, The chain transfer agent includes one or more of n-dodecyl mercaptan, tert-dodecyl mercaptan, tert-nonyl mercaptan, and n-dodecyl mercaptan.

3. The high light transmission acrylic resin according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The initiator includes one or more of di-tert-butyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, and tert-butyl peroxide-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate.

4. The high light transmission acrylic resin according to claim 1, wherein, The solvent includes one or more of ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, toluene, xylene, ethylene glycol butyl ether, and methyl isobutyl ketone.

5. The high light transmission acrylic resin according to claim 1, wherein, The average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol methacrylate is 300-500.

6. The high-transmittance acrylic resin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials contain 0.5-0.8 parts by weight of methacrylic acid, 15-25 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate, 16-18 parts by weight of n-butyl methacrylate, 15-20 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate, 3-4 parts by weight of functional monomers, 12-18 parts by weight of styrene, 2-3 parts by weight of chain transfer agent, and 2-4 parts by weight of initiator.

7. The high-transmittance acrylic resin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractive index of the high-transmittance acrylic resin is 1.52 to 1.

55.

8. A method for preparing the high-transmittance acrylic resin according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: Solvent, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, functional monomer, styrene, and initiator are heated and mixed, and a chain transfer agent is added to carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain a high-transmittance acrylic resin.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 140–180°C for 1–4 hours.

10. The application of the high-transmittance acrylic resin according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the high-transmittance acrylic resin prepared by the preparation method according to claims 8 or 9 in photovoltaic encapsulation components.

11. A method for preparing a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel, comprising the following steps: High-transparency acrylic resin is mixed with curing agent and additives, and then melt-extruded, cooled, pulverized and sieved in sequence to obtain nanomaterials. The nanomaterials are laid on the surface of glass fiber cloth, and the glass fiber cloth with nanomaterials is hot-pressed and cured to obtain a high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel. The high-transmittance acrylic resin is the high-transmittance acrylic resin according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the high-transmittance acrylic resin prepared by the preparation method according to claim 8 or 9; The refractive index of the glass fibers in the glass fiber cloth is 1.50 to 1.

53.

12. The preparation method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the high-transmittance acrylic resin to the curing agent and additives is 69-71:26-28:1-3; The mass ratio of the nanomaterial to the glass fiber cloth is 4:6 to 6:

4.

13. The preparation method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The curing agent includes one or more of dodecanoic acid, triglycidyl isocyanurate, and isocyanate.

14. The preparation method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The additives include one or more of ultraviolet absorbers, degassing agents, and antioxidants.

15. The preparation method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The refractive index ratio of the glass fiber to the high-transmittance acrylic resin is 0.96 to 0.

987.

16. The preparation method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The hot pressing method is lamination or rolling, and the hot pressing temperature is 130-170℃, the pressure is 1-5MPa, and the time is 50-60min.

17. The preparation method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The curing temperature is 130–200℃, the pressure is 1–20 MPa, and the time is 10–90 min.

18. The high-transmittance photovoltaic front panel prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, wherein the transmittance of the photovoltaic front panel is 92% to 93%.

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