Skeleton type inert lead-based rare-earth anode plate and preparation method therefor

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a skeleton type inert lead-based rare-earth anode plate and a preparation method therefor. In the present invention, a die casting technique is used as a preparation technique. After lead metal is heated and melted, alloying elements are added to the resulting lead liquid; after alloying is completed, refining and slagging are performed, the temperature is maintained, and a copper bar is subjected to de-oiling, acid pickling, cleaning, drying and then tinning; then a metal net and the tinned copper bar are placed in a die-casting die, and the die is then closed; and a lead alloy liquid is pressed into the die by means of a high-pressure casting process, the copper bar and the metal net are coated with the lead alloy liquid, and after the lead alloy is solidified, a skeleton type lead-based rare-earth anode plate can be obtained. The anode plate prepared by the present invention has high plate surface strength, is not prone to deformation during use, has high production efficiency and long service life, and can effectively improve the production indexes of zinc electrodeposition.

Description

A skeleton-type inert lead-based rare earth anode plate and its preparation method Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metallurgical technology, specifically relating to a skeleton-type inert lead-based rare earth anode plate and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrometallurgy boasts technological advantages such as low energy consumption, low pollution, low investment, and low production costs, leading to its widespread application in the metallurgical field, particularly in the hydrometallurgical zinc smelting industry. Over 85% of the world's zinc production capacity utilizes hydrometallurgical processes. The mainstream hydrometallurgical zinc smelting process involves high-temperature roasting of zinc concentrate, leaching, purification, and electrowinning. Electrowinning is one of the core processes in hydrometallurgical zinc smelting. The principle involves using an inert material as the anode and aluminum as the cathode. When direct current is applied, zinc ions in the electrolyte accept electrons and deposit on the cathode plate to form metallic zinc, while electrons are released from the anode surface to produce oxygen. The corrosion resistance and catalytic activity of the anode plate are key performance indicators affecting energy consumption, cathode zinc quality, and production costs. Currently, the main anode material used in the zinc electrowinning industry is a lead-silver binary alloy anode. This anode offers advantages such as stable production technology, low cost, and high efficiency. However, it suffers from drawbacks such as low surface strength, poor corrosion resistance, and high oxygen evolution potential, resulting in poor zinc quality, short anode lifespan, and high direct current consumption. As high-quality zinc concentrate is gradually consumed, in order to continuously meet industrial demand, various zinc concentrates are gradually being used to produce metallic zinc. Some zinc concentrates have high fluorine and chlorine content, resulting in a high corrosion rate of the anode plate, which seriously affects the service life of the anode plate and the quality of the cathode zinc.

[0003] According to relevant research, adding alloying elements such as Ca, Sr, La, and Ce to lead-silver binary alloy anodes can effectively improve anode performance: 1) It can effectively increase anode strength and hardness, preventing deformation during loading and unloading processes and reducing short circuits between the cathode and anode during electrowinning; 2) The alloying elements can improve anode corrosion resistance, extend electrode life, reduce lead content in cathode zinc sheets, and improve cathode zinc quality; 3) It can improve anode catalytic activity, reduce oxygen evolution overpotential, reduce cell voltage during electrowinning, and thus reduce DC power consumption during electrowinning. However, based on production experience, adding alloying elements to lead-silver binary alloy anodes makes anode sludge difficult to remove, leads to uneven current distribution on the plate surface, and causes plate deformation, thereby increasing short circuits between the cathode and anode, seriously affecting normal production, significantly shortening electrode life, greatly increasing DC power consumption during electrowinning, and resulting in high lead content in zinc sheets, which affects the quality of zinc products.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of traditional lead-silver binary alloy anodes used in zinc electrowinning, and combining the technological advantages of rare earth alloy anodes with the problems encountered in actual production, this invention provides a method for preparing a skeleton-type inert lead-based rare earth alloy anode. By installing a metal mesh inside the plate to form a skeleton structure, deformation of the plate surface during electrowinning is prevented, and short circuits between the anode and cathode are eliminated. This anode can improve zinc electrowinning production indicators, such as reducing DC power consumption and reducing lead content in zinc sheets, while extending the anode's service life, resulting in significant economic benefits. Technical solutions

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a skeletonized inert lead-based rare earth anode plate, and the second objective is to provide a method for preparing the skeletonized inert lead-based rare earth anode plate.

[0006] The first objective of this invention is achieved as follows: the skeletonized inert lead-based rare earth anode plate is obtained by die casting of tinned copper strips, metal mesh, and lead alloy. The lead alloy comprises: 0.01-0.1% Ca, 0.005-0.05% Sr, 0.05-0.5% La, 0.05-0.5% Ce, 0.2-1.0% Ag, with the balance being Pb and unavoidable impurities.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is achieved by including pretreatment and die-casting steps, specifically including:

[0008] A. Pre-processing:

[0009] 1) Preparation of lead alloy: After melting metallic lead, a bell jar is used to press the Ca and Sr of the formula into the bottom of the lead liquid. After the Ca and Sr are completely dissolved, the La, Ce and Ag of the formula are added for alloying. The alloy composition is as follows: 0.01-0.1% Ca, 0.005-0.05% Sr, 0.05-0.5% La, 0.05-0.5% Ce, and 0.2-1.0% Ag. After alloying is completed, a refining agent is added for refining, slag formation, and slag removal to obtain the target lead alloy for later use.

[0010] 2) Preparation of tinned copper strips:

[0011] ① Process the copper material into the required copper strips, remove the oil stains on the surface of the copper strips with a degreasing agent, clean and dry them, and then pickle the surface oxides of the copper strips, clean and dry them to obtain the copper strips to be treated;

[0012] ② Place the copper strip to be processed in molten tin to obtain tinned copper strips for later use;

[0013] 3) Preparation of clean metal mesh: The clean metal mesh is obtained by cleaning it with a degreasing agent and then letting it air dry for later use;

[0014] B. Die casting:

[0015] A clean metal mesh is placed on the mold plate, and a tinned copper strip is placed on the beam. The mold is closed, and the lead alloy is pressed into the mold using a die-casting process. After solidification, the mold is opened, and the target object skeleton inert lead-based rare earth anode plate is obtained after natural cooling.

[0016] The method for preparing the skeletonized inert lead-based rare earth anode plate of the present invention includes melting metallic lead, alloying metallic lead, placing a metal mesh in the die-casting mold cavity, tinning copper bars, and die-casting lead alloy. The present invention uses die-casting technology to prepare the plate. After heating and melting metallic lead, alloying elements are added to the lead melt. After alloying, refining and slag formation are performed, followed by heat preservation. Simultaneously, copper bars are degreased, acid-washed, cleaned, dried, and then tinned. The metal mesh and tinned copper bars are then placed in the die-casting mold, the mold is closed, and high-pressure casting technology is used to pressurize the lead alloy into the mold, encapsulating the copper bars and metal mesh. After the lead alloy solidifies and cools, the skeletonized inert lead-based rare earth anode plate is obtained.

[0017] The specific operating steps are as follows:

[0018] (1) Put metallic lead into an induction furnace and heat it to melt. After the lead has completely melted, add alloying elements.

[0019] (2) After the alloying of the alloying elements is completed, the alloying agent is added for refining, slag formation, and slag removal, and the alloy is ready for use.

[0020] (3) Process the copper material into the required copper strip according to the relevant drawings, remove the oil stains on the surface of the copper strip with degreasing agent, clean and dry, and then pickle the surface oxides of the copper strip with acid, clean and dry.

[0021] (4) Place the dried copper strip in the molten tin for tinning;

[0022] (5) Clean the metal mesh with a degreasing agent and allow it to air dry after cleaning;

[0023] (6) Place the tinned copper strip and the metal mesh simultaneously inside the die-casting mold;

[0024] (7) The die-casting mold is closed. The lead alloy liquid is injected into the mold using the die-casting process. The alloy liquid fills the inside of the mold and wraps the copper strip and metal mesh.

[0025] (8) After the lead alloy liquid has completely solidified, open the mold, take out the product, and let it cool naturally to obtain the skeleton inert lead-based rare earth anode.

[0026] Furthermore, the metallic lead mentioned in step (1) is pure lead with a purity greater than 99.99%.

[0027] Furthermore, the induction furnace mentioned in step (1) is a commonly used industrial electromagnetic induction furnace, including medium frequency furnaces, industrial frequency furnaces, etc.

[0028] Furthermore, the alloying elements mentioned in step (1) include metals such as Ag, Ca, Sr, La, and Ce, and the alloy composition is as follows: 0.01-0.1% Ca, 0.005-0.05% Sr, 0.05-0.5% La, 0.05-0.5% Ce, and 0.2-1.0% Ag.

[0029] Furthermore, in the alloying process described in step (2), the melting temperature during alloying is 650-750℃, and Ca and Sr are pressed into the bottom of the lead liquid using a bell jar. After Ca and Sr are completely dissolved, La, Ce and Ag are added.

[0030] Furthermore, the refining agent mentioned in step (2) is industrial ammonium chloride.

[0031] Furthermore, the copper material mentioned in step (3) is made of T1 copper or T2 copper.

[0032] Furthermore, the degreasing agent mentioned in step (3) is an industrial degreasing agent.

[0033] Furthermore, in step (3), the acid used for pickling is industrial dilute hydrochloric acid or industrial dilute sulfuric acid, the pickling time is 1-3 minutes, and the pickling temperature is 20-50℃.

[0034] Furthermore, the drying process described in step (3) involves a drying temperature of 60-80°C and a drying time of 10-30 minutes.

[0035] Furthermore, in step (4), the tin used for tinning is liquid tin with a purity greater than 99.9%, and the tinning temperature is 300-450℃.

[0036] Furthermore, the degreasing agent described in step (5) is the same as the degreasing agent described in step (3).

[0037] Furthermore, the metal mesh mentioned in step (5) is a pure titanium mesh, nickel mesh or zirconium mesh, with a diameter of 0.5-2 mm and a mesh size of 10-30 mm.

[0038] Furthermore, the die-casting mold described in step (6) is a conventional industrial die-casting mold.

[0039] Furthermore, in step (7), the die casting process uses an industrial high-pressure die casting machine. During die casting, the lead alloy liquid is at 400-700℃, the pressure is 5-50MPa, and the injection speed is 5-50m / s.

[0040] Furthermore, in step (8), the solidification temperature of the lead alloy drops below 200°C. Beneficial effects

[0041] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0042] (1) The inert lead-based rare earth anode provided by the present invention has good corrosion resistance, low oxygen evolution potential, high plate strength, and can reduce DC power consumption during the electrowinning process. The cathode zinc sheet has low lead content.

[0043] (2) After adding a metal mesh to the inert lead-based rare earth anode provided by the present invention, it can effectively prevent local deformation of the plate surface during the electrowinning process, effectively eliminate the short circuit phenomenon between the anode and cathode, and improve actual production.

[0044] (3) The inert lead-based rare earth anode provided by the present invention is formed by die casting in one step, eliminating a large amount of welding work and saving the rolling process, resulting in high product production efficiency. Moreover, the material structure of the plate is dendritic, with large grains and small grain boundary area, and excellent corrosion resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention

[0046] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but in no way shall the present invention be limited. The examples described herein are merely descriptions of preferred experimental methods of the present invention and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Any modifications and improvements made based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0047] The skeleton-type inert lead-based rare earth anode plate of the present invention is obtained by die casting of tinned copper bars, metal mesh and lead alloy. The lead alloy comprises: 0.01-0.1% Ca, 0.005-0.05% Sr, 0.05-0.5% La, 0.05-0.5% Ce, 0.2-1.0% Ag, with the balance being Pb and unavoidable impurities.

[0048] The metal mesh is made of pure titanium, pure nickel, or pure zirconium.

[0049] The method for preparing the skeleton-type inert lead-based rare earth anode plate of the present invention includes pretreatment and die-casting steps, specifically including:

[0050] A. Pre-processing:

[0051] 1) Preparation of lead alloy: After melting metallic lead, a bell jar is used to press the Ca and Sr of the formula into the bottom of the lead liquid. After the Ca and Sr are completely dissolved, the La, Ce and Ag of the formula are added for alloying. The alloy composition is as follows: 0.01-0.1% Ca, 0.005-0.05% Sr, 0.05-0.5% La, 0.05-0.5% Ce, and 0.2-1.0% Ag. After alloying is completed, a refining agent is added for refining, slag formation, and slag removal to obtain the target lead alloy for later use.

[0052] 2) Preparation of tinned copper strips:

[0053] ① Process the copper material into the required copper strips, remove the oil stains on the surface of the copper strips with a degreasing agent, clean and dry them, and then pickle the surface oxides of the copper strips, clean and dry them to obtain the copper strips to be treated;

[0054] ② Place the copper strip to be processed in molten tin to obtain tinned copper strips for later use;

[0055] 3) Preparation of clean metal mesh: The clean metal mesh is obtained by cleaning it with a degreasing agent and then letting it air dry for later use;

[0056] B. Die casting: Place a clean metal mesh on the mold plate and place a tinned copper strip on the beam. Close the mold and use the die casting process to press the lead alloy into the mold. After solidification, open the mold and allow it to cool naturally to obtain the target object skeleton-type inert lead-based rare earth anode plate.

[0057] The metallic lead mentioned is pure lead with a purity greater than 99.99%.

[0058] The alloying melting temperature in step A, step 1) is 650~750℃.

[0059] The refining agent mentioned in step 1) is industrial ammonium chloride.

[0060] The pickling process involves using industrial dilute hydrochloric acid or industrial dilute sulfuric acid for 1-3 minutes at a temperature of 20-50°C.

[0061] The drying temperature described in step 2) is 60~80℃, and the time is 10~30min.

[0062] The tinning temperature mentioned in step 2) is 300~450℃.

[0063] In step B, the die-casting process involves a lead alloy melt temperature of 400-700℃, a pressure of 5-50MPa, and an injection speed of 5-50m / s.

[0064] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0065] Example 1

[0066] Industrial use 1 # Metallic lead is placed in a medium-frequency induction melting furnace and heated to melt. After melting, the temperature continues to rise until the molten lead reaches 675℃. Metallic Ca and Sr are then pressed below the surface of the molten lead using a bell jar. The Ca content is 0.02%, and the Sr content is 0.04%. After the Ca and Sr are completely dissolved, the bell jar is removed. Then, metallic La, Ce, and Ag are added sequentially. The La content is 0.08%, the Ce content is 0.3%, and the Ag content is 0.3%. After these metals are completely melted, an appropriate amount of ammonium chloride is added for refining and slag formation. After slag formation, the slag is removed, and the lead alloy is kept at a constant temperature for later use. The processed T1 copper bars are cleaned with an industrial degreasing agent to remove surface oil. The surface is then rinsed with tap water. After cleaning, the copper bars are immersed in dilute hydrochloric acid at 25℃ for 1.5 minutes. The acid-washed copper bars are then rinsed with pure water and dried in a drying oven at 65℃ for 20 minutes. After the clean copper strip is completely dry, it is placed in a tinning bath with a purity of 99.92% for tinning at a temperature of 340℃. After tinning, it is set aside for later use. Simultaneously, a 0.8mm diameter titanium mesh with a 12mm mesh size is cleaned with an industrial degreaser, then rinsed with pure water and dried. Finally, the clean titanium mesh is placed on the mold plate, and the tinned copper strip is placed on the beam. The mold is closed, and the lead alloy is die-cast using a pressure casting process. During die casting, the lead alloy liquid temperature is 450℃, the pressure is 10MPa, and the injection speed is 10m / s. The lead alloy liquid completely fills the mold cavity and encapsulates the copper strip and titanium mesh. After the lead alloy cools to 190℃ and solidifies, the mold is opened and the anode plate is removed.

[0067] To verify the performance difference between the anode plate provided by this invention and the traditional lead-silver binary alloy anode plate, an electrowinning test was conducted under identical operating conditions. After 30 days of electrowinning test, the average DC power consumption of the anode plate provided by this invention was 3058 kWh / t·Zn, the average DC power consumption of the lead-silver binary alloy anode was 3095 kWh / t·Zn, the corrosion thickness of the rare earth anode was 0.22 mm, the corrosion thickness of the lead-silver binary anode was 0.28 mm, the average lead content of the zinc sheet of the rare earth anode was 0.0015%, and that of the lead-silver binary alloy anode was 0.0022%. The rare earth anode did not deform, while the lead-silver anode showed slight deformation.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] Industrial-grade lead with a purity of 99.993% is loaded into a medium-frequency induction melting furnace. The furnace is heated to melt the lead, and the temperature is continuously increased after melting. Once the lead melt reaches 685℃, metals Ca and Sr are pressed below the surface of the lead melt using a bell jar. The Ca content is 0.05%, and the Sr content is 0.03%. After Ca and Sr are completely dissolved, the bell jar is removed. Then, metals La, Ce, and Ag are added sequentially. The La content is 0.15%, the Ce content is 0.2%, and the Ag content is 0.5%. After these metals are completely melted, an appropriate amount of ammonium chloride is added for refining and slag formation. After slag formation, the slag is removed, and the lead alloy is kept warm for later use. The processed T1 copper bars were cleaned with an industrial degreaser to remove surface oil and dirt, and then rinsed with tap water. After cleaning, the copper bars were immersed in dilute hydrochloric acid at 33℃ for 1.2 minutes, followed by rinsing with purified water. They were then dried in a drying oven at 75℃ for 15 minutes. Once completely dry, the clean copper bars were placed in a tinning bath with 99.91% purity for tinning at 380℃. After tinning, they were set aside for later use. Simultaneously, a 0.6mm diameter titanium mesh with a 10mm aperture was cleaned with an industrial degreaser, rinsed with purified water, and then dried. Finally, a clean titanium mesh is placed on the mold plate, and a tinned copper strip is placed on the beam. The mold is closed, and the lead alloy is die-cast into the mold using a pressure casting process. During die casting, the temperature of the lead alloy liquid is 480℃, the pressure is 8MPa, and the injection speed is 11m / s. The lead alloy liquid completely fills the mold cavity and wraps the copper strip and titanium mesh. After the lead alloy cools to 180℃ and solidifies, the mold is opened and the anode plate is removed.

[0070] To verify the performance difference between the anode plate provided by this invention and the traditional lead-silver binary alloy anode plate, an electrowinning test was conducted under identical operating conditions. After 45 days of electrowinning test, the average DC power consumption of the anode plate provided by this invention was 3088 kWh / t·Zn, while the average DC power consumption of the lead-silver binary alloy anode was 3125 kWh / t·Zn. The corrosion thickness of the rare earth anode was 0.25 mm, while that of the lead-silver binary anode was 0.27 mm. The average lead content of the zinc sheet of the rare earth anode was 0.0018%, while that of the lead-silver binary alloy anode was 0.0020%. The rare earth anode did not deform, while the lead-silver anode showed deformation.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] Industrial use 1 #Metallic lead is placed in a medium-frequency induction melting furnace and heated to melt. After melting, the temperature continues to rise until the molten lead reaches 695℃. Metallic Ca and Sr are then pressed below the surface of the molten lead using a bell jar. The Ca content is 0.08%, and the Sr content is 0.04%. After the Ca and Sr are completely dissolved, the bell jar is removed. Then, metallic La, Ce, and Ag are added sequentially. The La content is 0.05%, the Ce content is 0.1%, and the Ag content is 0.75%. After these metals are completely melted, an appropriate amount of ammonium chloride is added for refining and slag formation. After slag formation, the slag is removed, and the lead alloy is kept at a constant temperature for later use. The processed T1 copper bars are cleaned with an industrial degreasing agent to remove surface oil. The surface is then rinsed with tap water. After cleaning, the copper bars are immersed in dilute sulfuric acid at 35℃ for 2.0 minutes. They are then rinsed with pure water and dried in a drying oven at 65℃ for 25 minutes. After the clean copper strip is completely dry, it is placed in a tinning bath with a purity of 99.95% for tinning at a temperature of 380℃. After tinning, it is set aside for later use. Simultaneously, a 1.0mm diameter nickel mesh with a 15mm mesh size is cleaned with an industrial degreaser, then rinsed with pure water and dried. Finally, the clean nickel mesh is placed on the mold plate, and the tinned copper strip is placed on the beam. The mold is closed, and the lead alloy is die-cast using a pressure casting process. During die casting, the lead alloy liquid temperature is 510℃, the pressure is 12MPa, and the injection speed is 18m / s. The lead alloy liquid completely fills the mold cavity and encapsulates the copper strip and nickel mesh. After the lead alloy cools to 170℃ and solidifies, the mold is opened and the anode plate is removed.

[0073] To verify the performance difference between the anode plate provided by this invention and the traditional lead-silver binary alloy anode plate, an electrowinning test was conducted under identical operating conditions. After 60 days of electrowinning test, the average DC power consumption of the anode plate provided by this invention was 3030 kWh / t·Zn, while the average DC power consumption of the lead-silver binary alloy anode was 3095 kWh / t·Zn. The corrosion thickness of the rare earth anode was 0.35 mm, while that of the lead-silver binary anode was 0.43 mm. The average lead content of the zinc sheet of the rare earth anode was 0.0011%, while that of the lead-silver binary alloy anode was 0.0013%. The rare earth anode showed slight deformation, while the lead-silver anode showed obvious deformation.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] Industrial grade No. 1 metallic lead was loaded into a medium-frequency induction melting furnace and heated to melt the lead. After melting, the temperature was continuously increased until the lead melt reached 715℃. Metallic Ca and Sr were then pressed below the lead melt surface using a bell jar. The Ca content was 0.02% and the Sr content was 0.03%. After the Ca and Sr were completely dissolved, the bell jar was removed. Then, metallic La, Ce, and Ag were added sequentially. The La content was 0.2%, the Ce content was 0.4%, and the Ag content was 0.30%. After these metals were completely melted, an appropriate amount of ammonium chloride was added for refining and slag formation. After slag formation, the slag was removed, and the lead alloy was kept warm for later use. The processed T1 copper bars were cleaned with an industrial degreasing agent to remove surface oil. The copper bars were then rinsed with tap water. After cleaning, the copper bars were immersed in dilute sulfuric acid at 40℃ for 1.5 minutes. The acid-washed copper bars were then rinsed with pure water and dried in a drying oven at 75℃ for 15 minutes. After the clean copper strip is completely dry, it is placed in a tinning bath with a purity of 99.95% for tinning at a temperature of 420℃. After tinning, it is set aside for later use. Simultaneously, a nickel mesh with a diameter of 0.80mm and a mesh size of 10.0mm is cleaned with an industrial degreaser, then rinsed with pure water and dried. Finally, the clean nickel mesh is placed on the mold plate, and the tinned copper strip is placed on the beam. The mold is closed, and the lead alloy is die-cast into the mold using a pressure casting process. During die casting, the temperature of the lead alloy liquid is 530℃, the pressure is 8MPa, and the injection speed is 15m / s. The lead alloy liquid completely fills the mold cavity and encapsulates the copper strip and nickel mesh. After the lead alloy cools to 160℃ and solidifies, the mold is opened and the anode plate is removed.

[0076] To verify the performance difference between the anode plate provided by this invention and the traditional lead-silver binary alloy anode plate, an electrowinning test was conducted under identical operating conditions. After 50 days of electrowinning test, the average DC power consumption of the anode plate provided by this invention was 3038 kWh / t·Zn, the average DC power consumption of the lead-silver binary alloy anode was 3054 kWh / t·Zn, the corrosion thickness of the rare earth anode was 0.31 mm, the corrosion thickness of the lead-silver binary anode was 0.37 mm, the average lead content of the zinc sheet of the rare earth anode was 0.0014%, and that of the lead-silver binary alloy anode was 0.0019%. A small amount of the rare earth anode showed slight deformation, while the lead-silver anode showed deformation.

Claims

1. A skeleton inert lead-based rare earth anode plate, characterized by, The skeleton inert lead base rare earth anode plate is obtained by hanging tin copper strip, metal mesh and lead alloy pressure casting, and the lead alloy comprises 0.01-0.1% Ca, 0.005-0.05% Sr, 0.05-0.5% La, 0.05-0.5% Ce and 0.2-1.0% Ag, and the balance is Pb and inevitable impurities.

2. The skeleton-type inert lead-based rare earth anode sheet according to claim 1, characterized by The metal mesh is pure titanium mesh, pure nickel mesh or pure zirconium mesh.

3. A method of producing the skeleton-type inert lead-based rare earth anode plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by The method comprises pretreatment and pressure casting steps, and specifically comprises: A, pretreatment: 1) Lead alloy preparation: after the metal lead is melted, the formula-proportioned Ca and Sr are pressed into the bottom of the lead liquid by using a bell jar, and after the Ca and Sr are completely dissolved, the formula-proportioned La, Ce and Ag are added for alloying, and the alloy composition is as follows: 0.01-0.1% Ca, 0.005-0.05% Sr, 0.05-0.5% La, 0.05-0.5% Ce and 0.2-1.0% Ag, and after alloying, refining agent is added for refining, slagging and slagging to obtain the target lead alloy for standby; 2) Hanging tin copper strip preparation: ①The copper material is processed into a copper strip, the surface oil stain of the copper strip is removed by using a degreasing agent, the copper strip is washed and dried, the surface oxide of the copper strip is removed by pickling, the copper strip is washed and dried to obtain a treated copper strip; ②The treated copper strip is placed in a tin liquid for tin hanging treatment to obtain a hanging tin copper strip for standby; 3) Clean metal mesh preparation: the metal mesh is cleaned by using a degreasing agent and naturally dried to obtain a clean metal mesh for standby; B, pressure casting: the clean metal mesh is placed on the die plate surface, and the hanging tin copper strip is placed on the beam position, the mold is closed, the lead alloy liquid is pressed into the mold by using a pressure casting process, the mold is opened after solidification, and the target skeleton inert lead base rare earth anode plate is obtained after natural cooling.

4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized by, The metal lead is pure lead with a purity of greater than 99.99%.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The melting temperature of alloying in step 1) of A is 650-750°C.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The refining agent in step 1) of A is an industrial ammonium chloride.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pickling is performed by using industrial dilute hydrochloric acid or industrial dilute sulfuric acid, the pickling time is 1-3 min, and the pickling temperature is 20-50°C.

8. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drying temperature in step 2) of A is 60-80°C, and the time is 10-30 min.

9. The production method according to claim 3, wherein The tin hanging temperature in step 2) of A is 300-450°C.

10. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the pressure casting process in step B, the temperature of the lead alloy liquid during pressure casting is 400-700°C, the pressure is 5-50 MPa, and the injection speed is 5-50 m / s.

Images