Low-voltage battery power distribution architecture and automobile

Abstract

A low-voltage battery power distribution architecture. A first battery pack (100) comprises at least two battery cells connected in series. A second battery pack (110) comprises some of the battery cells in the first battery pack (100). A first DCDC circuit (200) is used for realizing conversion between a first voltage and a second voltage. A power distribution circuit (300) can provide the first voltage for a first low-voltage load end (510) on the basis of at least one of the first battery pack (100), the second battery pack (110) and the first DCDC circuit (200), and can also provide the second voltage for a second low-voltage load end (520), and the power distribution circuit (300) and the first DCDC circuit (200) are controlled by a main control circuit (400), so that the power distribution circuit (300) provides the corresponding voltage for the first low-voltage load end (510) and the second low-voltage load end (520). By means of the power distribution architecture, a variety of required low-voltage levels can be provided for a vehicle by using a single low-voltage battery, eliminating the need for periodic maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries, thereby reducing battery space occupation and simplifying the layout of an electronic control system. Also provided is an automobile comprising the power distribution architecture.

Description

Low-voltage battery power distribution architecture, automobiles

[0001] This application incorporates Chinese Patent Application No. 202410706327.4, filed on May 31, 2024, entitled “Low-voltage battery power distribution architecture, automobile”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of automotive technology, specifically to a low-voltage battery power distribution architecture and an automobile. Background Technology

[0003] Current vehicle body low-voltage power distribution typically employs discrete low-voltage lithium-ion battery technology, using low-voltage batteries and fuse boxes to achieve primary power distribution to the vehicle load. A battery management system then manages the low-voltage lithium-ion batteries. However, with the increasing power demands of intelligent new energy vehicles and chassis systems, the low-voltage system needs to provide both 48V and 12V low-voltage power distribution.

[0004] However, in order to provide 48V and 12V low-voltage power distribution, the current vehicle power supply architecture usually requires two independent low-voltage batteries to provide the corresponding low voltage. This not only has the problem of occupying a lot of vehicle space, but also requires regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries, which increases vehicle costs. Technical issues

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a low-voltage battery power distribution architecture and automobile, which can solve the problem that the current vehicle power supply architecture requires regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries, which increases the vehicle cost. Technical solutions

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a low-voltage battery power distribution architecture, including:

[0007] The first battery pack includes at least two battery cells connected in series.

[0008] The second battery pack includes a portion of the battery cells in the first battery pack;

[0009] The first DC-DC circuit is used to convert between the first voltage and the second voltage.

[0010] A power distribution circuit, connecting the first battery pack, the second battery pack, and the first DC-DC circuit, is used to provide a first voltage to a first low-voltage load terminal or a second voltage to a second low-voltage load terminal.

[0011] The main control circuit is used to control the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit to provide corresponding voltages to the first low-voltage load terminal and the second low-voltage load terminal.

[0012] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first battery pack includes at least two battery cells connected in series, and the second battery pack includes some of the battery cells in the first battery pack, so that the first battery pack can output a first voltage and the second battery pack can output a second voltage. The first voltage and the second voltage have different values. The main control circuit is used to control the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit to provide corresponding voltages to the first low-voltage load terminal and the second low-voltage load terminal. The power distribution circuit provides the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal according to the first voltage provided by the first battery pack, and the power distribution circuit can also provide the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal according to the second voltage output by the second battery pack. The voltage source of the first DC-DC circuit is different from that of the first battery pack and the second battery pack. The first DC-DC circuit is connected to an externally input voltage and converts it into a first voltage or a second voltage according to the externally input voltage, thereby providing the first voltage or the second voltage to the power distribution circuit. In this way, by controlling the working state of the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit through the main control circuit, the first voltage can be provided to the first low-voltage load terminal according to any one of the first battery pack, the second battery pack, and the first DC-DC circuit, and the second voltage can be provided to the second low-voltage load terminal at the same time. The power supply architecture of this application allows a vehicle to be supplied with various required low voltages using a single low-voltage battery and a first DC-DC circuit, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. This reduces the space occupied by the batteries and simplifies the layout of the electronic control system.

[0013] In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture includes:

[0014] The power supply terminal is connected to the power distribution circuit, used to receive a third voltage, and to output the third voltage to the power distribution circuit;

[0015] The power distribution circuit is also used to output a first voltage to the first DC-DC circuit, the first battery pack, or the first low-voltage load terminal according to the third voltage.

[0016] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the power supply terminal can be connected to a third voltage, which can be provided by the power battery pack or by the vehicle generator. The power distribution circuit is controlled by the main control circuit to output a first voltage to the bidirectional DC-DC circuit according to the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal. The bidirectional DC-DC circuit can convert the first voltage into a second voltage to supply power to the second low-voltage load terminal. The power distribution circuit can also be controlled by the main control circuit to output a first voltage to the first battery pack to charge the first battery pack according to the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal. The power distribution circuit can also be controlled by the main control circuit to output a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal according to the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal to supply power to the first low-voltage load terminal. Through the solution in this embodiment, the power supply terminal can perform charging equalization of the first battery pack, and can also provide the vehicle with multiple required low voltages without the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the power distribution circuit can provide a first voltage to the first DC-DC circuit, the first battery pack, or the first low-voltage load terminal according to the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal, which is beneficial to reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplify the layout of the electronic control system.

[0017] In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture further includes:

[0018] The second DC-DC circuit is connected between the power battery pack and the power supply terminal, and is used to convert the voltage output by the power battery pack into the third voltage and output it to the power supply terminal.

[0019] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the second DC-DC circuit converts the voltage output from the power battery pack into the third voltage and outputs it to the power supply terminal. When the power battery pack is powered on, the second DC-DC circuit converts the voltage output from the power battery pack into the third voltage and outputs it to the power distribution circuit via the power supply terminal. The power distribution circuit is controlled by the main control circuit to output a first voltage to the bidirectional DC-DC circuit based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal. Alternatively, it can be controlled by the main control circuit to output a first voltage to the first battery pack to charge the first battery pack based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal. It can also be controlled by the main control circuit to output a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal to supply power to the first low-voltage load terminal. The solution in this embodiment can provide multiple required low voltages for the vehicle using a single low-voltage battery, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the third voltage can be provided by the power battery pack, and the power distribution circuit can provide a first voltage to the first DC-DC circuit, the first battery pack, or the first low-voltage load terminal based on the third voltage. This is beneficial for reducing the space occupied by the battery and simplifying the layout of the electronic control system.

[0020] In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture includes:

[0021] The third DC-DC circuit is connected between the generator and the power battery pack, and is used to convert the voltage output by the generator into the third voltage and output it to the power supply terminal.

[0022] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the third DC-DC circuit converts the voltage output by the generator into the third voltage and outputs it to the power supply terminal. When the power battery pack is powered on, the second DC-DC circuit converts the voltage output by the generator into the third voltage and outputs it to the power distribution circuit via the power supply terminal. The power distribution circuit is controlled by the main control circuit to output a first voltage to the bidirectional DC-DC circuit based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal. Alternatively, it can be controlled by the main control circuit to output a first voltage to the first battery pack to charge the first battery pack based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal. It can also be controlled by the main control circuit to output a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal to power the first low-voltage load terminal. The solution in this embodiment can provide multiple required low voltages for the vehicle using a single low-voltage battery, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the third voltage can be provided by the generator, and the power distribution circuit can provide a first voltage to the first DC-DC circuit, the first battery pack, or the first low-voltage load terminal based on the third voltage. This is beneficial for reducing the space occupied by the battery and simplifying the layout of the electronic control system.

[0023] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit includes:

[0024] A first load switch unit is connected between the first battery pack and the first low-voltage load terminal. The first load switch unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the connection state between the first battery pack and the first low-voltage load terminal.

[0025] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit includes:

[0026] A first bidirectional switching unit is connected between the first battery pack and the first low-voltage load terminal. The first bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the first battery pack and the first low-voltage load terminal.

[0027] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first low-voltage load terminal is connected to the first battery pack via a first bidirectional switching unit. One end of the first DC-DC circuit can also be connected to the first battery pack via the first bidirectional switching unit, and the other end of the first DC-DC circuit is connected to the second battery pack via a power distribution circuit. The first DC-DC circuit can convert the first voltage input at one end into a second voltage to supply power to the second low-voltage load terminal. Thus, the first battery pack can replenish the second battery pack via the first bidirectional switching unit, and the first battery pack can also supply power to the first low-voltage load terminal via the first bidirectional switching unit, and can also supply power to the second low-voltage load terminal via the first DC-DC circuit. The solution in this embodiment can provide multiple required low voltages for the vehicle using a single low-voltage battery, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the power distribution circuit can provide a first voltage to the first DC-DC circuit, the first battery pack, or the first low-voltage load terminal based on the third voltage input to the power supply terminal, which helps reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplify the layout of the electronic control system.

[0028] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit includes:

[0029] The second bidirectional switching unit is connected between the power supply terminal and the first low-voltage load terminal. The second bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the power supply terminal and the first low-voltage load terminal.

[0030] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first low-voltage load terminal is connected to the first battery pack via a first bidirectional switching unit. The first low-voltage load terminal can also be connected to the power supply terminal via a second bidirectional switching unit. The second bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the power supply terminal and the first low-voltage load terminal. When the power battery pack is connected to the power supply terminal via a second DC-DC circuit, the power supply terminal can charge the first battery pack via the second bidirectional switching unit and the first bidirectional switching unit. The first battery pack can also be pre-charged at both ends of the power battery pack via the first bidirectional switching unit and the second bidirectional switching unit. The first DC-DC circuit can convert the first voltage input at one end into a second voltage to supply power to the second low-voltage load terminal. Thus, the first battery pack can replenish the second battery pack via the first bidirectional switching unit, supply power to the first low-voltage load terminal via the first bidirectional switching unit, and supply power to the second low-voltage load terminal via the first DC-DC circuit. The solution in this embodiment can provide multiple low-voltage requirements for a vehicle using a single low-voltage battery, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the power distribution circuit can provide a first voltage to the first DC-DC circuit, the first battery pack, or the first low-voltage load terminal based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal, which helps to reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplify the layout of the electronic control system.

[0031] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit includes:

[0032] A third bidirectional switching unit is connected between the first low-voltage load terminal and the first DC-DC circuit. The third bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the first DC-DC circuit and the first low-voltage load terminal.

[0033] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first low-voltage load terminal is connected to the first battery pack via a first bidirectional switching unit. The first low-voltage load terminal can also be connected to the power supply terminal via a second bidirectional switching unit, and further connected to the first DC-DC circuit via a third bidirectional switching unit. The first, second, and third bidirectional switching units are controlled by a main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the power supply terminal, the first DC-DC circuit, and the first battery pack. When the power battery pack is connected to the power supply terminal via the second DC-DC circuit, the power supply terminal can charge the first battery pack using the second and first bidirectional switching units, and the first battery pack can also be pre-charged using the first and second bidirectional switching units. The first DC-DC circuit can convert the first voltage input at one end into a second voltage to supply power to the second low-voltage load terminal. Thus, the first battery pack can replenish power to the second battery pack via the first bidirectional switching unit, or supply power to the first low-voltage load terminal via the first bidirectional switching unit, or supply power to the second low-voltage load terminal via the first DC-DC circuit. The solution in this embodiment can provide multiple low-voltage requirements for a vehicle using a single low-voltage battery, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the power distribution circuit can provide a first voltage to the first DC-DC circuit, the first battery pack, or the first low-voltage load terminal based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal, which helps to reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplify the layout of the electronic control system.

[0034] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit includes:

[0035] The second load switch unit is connected between the first DC-DC circuit and the second low-voltage load terminal. The second load switch unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the connection state between the first DC-DC circuit and the second low-voltage load terminal.

[0036] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit includes:

[0037] The fourth bidirectional switching unit is connected between the first DC-DC circuit and the second low-voltage load terminal. The fourth bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the first DC-DC circuit and the second low-voltage load terminal.

[0038] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit includes:

[0039] The fifth bidirectional switching unit is connected between the second battery pack and the second low-voltage load terminal. The fifth bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the second battery pack and the second low-voltage load terminal.

[0040] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the operating state of the power distribution circuit when the power of the first battery pack is less than a first preset value, so as to control the power distribution circuit to replenish the first battery pack according to the third voltage.

[0041] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the operating state of the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit when the power of the second battery pack is less than a second preset value, so as to control the third voltage input from the power supply terminal to replenish the second battery pack via the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit.

[0042] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the operating state of the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit when the power supply terminal is powered on, so as to control the third voltage input to the power supply terminal to provide the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal via the power distribution circuit, and to provide the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal via the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit.

[0043] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the third voltage input to the power supply terminal to provide the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal via the power distribution circuit in the event of a failure of the first DCDC circuit, and to replenish the first battery pack, and to control the second battery pack to provide the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal via the power distribution circuit.

[0044] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle including a low-voltage battery power distribution architecture as described in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0045] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Beneficial effects

[0046] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first battery pack includes at least two battery cells connected in series, the second battery pack includes some of the battery cells in the first battery pack, the first DC-DC circuit is used to realize the conversion between the first voltage and the second voltage, the power distribution circuit can provide the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal and the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal according to at least one of the first battery pack, the second battery pack, and the first DC-DC circuit, and the main control circuit controls the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit so that the power distribution circuit provides the corresponding voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal and the second low-voltage load terminal. Through the power supply architecture of this application, multiple required low voltages can be provided to the vehicle using one low-voltage battery and the first DC-DC circuit, without the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries, which is beneficial to reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplify the layout of the electronic control system. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure of the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture provided in the embodiments of this application. Embodiments of the present invention

[0053] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0056] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase "second connection port" at various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple frames" refers to two or more (including two).

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0060] In related technologies, vehicle power supply architectures typically require two independent low-voltage batteries to provide corresponding low voltages. This not only results in a large space occupation in the vehicle, but also requires regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries, increasing vehicle costs.

[0061] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a low-voltage battery power distribution architecture. As shown in Figure 1, the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture includes a first battery pack 100, a second battery pack 110, a power distribution circuit 300, a first DC-DC circuit 200, and a main control circuit 400. The first battery pack 100 includes at least two battery cells connected in series, and the second battery pack 110 includes some of the battery cells in the first battery pack 100. The first battery pack 100 is used to provide a first voltage, and the second battery pack 110 is used to provide a second voltage. The main control circuit 400 is used to control the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 to provide corresponding voltages to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520. The power distribution circuit 300 is connected to the first battery pack 100 and the second battery pack 110. The power distribution circuit 300 can provide a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 according to at least one of the first battery pack 100, the second battery pack 110 and the first DC-DC circuit 200, and can also provide a second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520. At this time, the first DC-DC circuit 200 is connected between the first battery pack 100 and the power distribution circuit 300. The first voltage provided by the first battery pack 100 is converted into a second voltage and output to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 through the first DC-DC circuit 200.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first battery pack 100 includes at least two battery cells connected in series, and the second battery pack 110 includes some of the battery cells in the first battery pack 100, so that the first battery pack 100 can output a first voltage and the second battery pack 110 can output a second voltage. The first voltage and the second voltage have different values. The main control circuit 400 is used to control the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 to provide corresponding voltages to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520. The power distribution circuit 300 provides the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 according to the first voltage provided by the first battery pack 100. The power distribution circuit 300 can also provide the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 according to the second voltage output by the second battery pack 110. The voltage source of the first DC-DC circuit 200 differs from that of the first battery pack 100 and the second battery pack 110. The first DC-DC circuit 200 can accept an externally input voltage and convert it into a first voltage or a second voltage based on the external input voltage, thereby providing either the first voltage or the second voltage to the power distribution circuit 300. Thus, by controlling the operating states of the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 through the main control circuit 400, the first voltage can be provided to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 based on any one of the first battery pack 100, the second battery pack 110, and the first DC-DC circuit 200, while simultaneously providing a second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520. Through the power supply architecture of this application, a single low-voltage battery can provide multiple required low voltages for the vehicle, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. This reduces the space occupied by the batteries and simplifies the layout of the electronic control system.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first DC-DC circuit 200 can be a bidirectional DC-DC circuit. The first DC-DC circuit 200 is controlled by the main control circuit 400. Under the control of the main control circuit 400, the first voltage input at its first terminal can be converted into a second voltage, and the second voltage input at its second terminal can be converted into a first voltage.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first DC-DC circuit 200 can be connected between the first battery pack 100 and the power distribution circuit 300. The first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 200 is connected to the first battery pack 100 via the power distribution circuit 300, and the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 200 is connected to the second battery pack 110 via the power distribution circuit. At this time, the first DC-DC circuit 200 can convert the first voltage provided by the first battery pack 100 into a second voltage and output it to the power distribution circuit 300. Thus, through the control of the operating state of the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 by the main control circuit 400, the first DC-DC circuit 200 converts the first voltage input at its first terminal into a second voltage. The first voltage provided by the first battery pack 100 provides a second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the first DC-DC circuit 200.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first battery pack 100 and the second battery pack 110 share the same negative electrode as a reference ground.

[0066] In some embodiments, the first DC-DC circuit 200 can convert the second voltage provided by the second battery pack 110 into a first voltage, the power distribution circuit 300 provides the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 according to the second voltage provided by the second battery pack 110, the power distribution circuit 300 provides the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 according to the second voltage provided by the second battery pack 110, and the main control circuit 400 is used to control the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 to provide corresponding voltages to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first battery pack 100 includes at least two battery cells connected in series, and the second battery pack 110 includes some of the battery cells in the first battery pack 100. The first DC-DC circuit 200 is connected between the first battery pack 100 and the power distribution circuit 300. When the first DC-DC circuit 200 can convert the second voltage provided by the second battery pack 110 into a first voltage, the main control circuit 400 controls the working state of the power distribution circuit 300. The second battery pack 110 provides the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 via the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the power distribution circuit 300. The power distribution circuit 300 provides the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 according to the second voltage provided by the second battery pack 110. Through the power supply architecture of this application, a single low-voltage battery can provide multiple required low voltages for the vehicle without the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. This is beneficial for reducing the space occupied by the battery and simplifying the layout of the electronic control system.

[0068] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit 300 provides a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 based on a first voltage provided by the first battery pack 100 and a second voltage provided by the second battery pack 110.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first battery pack 100 includes at least two battery cells connected in series, and the second battery pack 110 includes some of the battery cells in the first battery pack 100. The power distribution circuit 300 outputs the first voltage provided by the first battery pack 100 to the first low-voltage load terminal 510. The first DC-DC circuit 200 can convert the second voltage provided by the second battery pack 110 into the first voltage. At this time, the second battery pack 110 can provide the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 through the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the power distribution circuit 300. In this way, the first voltage can be provided by both the first battery pack 100 and the second battery pack 110 when the power demand of the first low-voltage load terminal 510 is large.

[0070] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit 300 may also provide a second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 based on the first voltage provided by the first battery pack 100 and the second voltage provided by the second battery pack 110.

[0071] In this embodiment, the first DC-DC circuit 200 is connected between the first battery pack 100 and the power distribution circuit 300. The first DC-DC circuit 200 can convert the first voltage provided by the first battery pack 100 into a second voltage. The main control circuit 400 controls the voltage conversion direction of the first DC-DC circuit 200. The first DC-DC circuit 200 can convert the first voltage provided by the first battery pack 100 into a second voltage, and the power distribution circuit 300 distributes the second voltage output by the first DC-DC circuit 200 to the second low-voltage load terminal 520. The second voltage output by the second battery pack 110 is directly output to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the power distribution circuit 300. In this way, when the power demand of the second low-voltage load terminal 520 is large, the first battery pack 100 and the second battery pack 110 can simultaneously provide the second voltage for it.

[0072] In some embodiments, referring to FIG2, the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture includes a power supply terminal 530, which is connected to the power distribution circuit 300. The power supply terminal 530 is used to receive a third voltage and output the third voltage to the power distribution circuit 300. The power distribution circuit 300 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to output a first voltage to the first DC-DC circuit 200, the first battery pack 100, or the first low-voltage load terminal 510 according to the third voltage received at the power supply terminal 530.

[0073] In this embodiment, the power supply terminal 530 can be connected to an externally input third voltage. This externally input third voltage can be provided by the power battery pack or by the vehicle generator. When the power supply terminal 530 is connected to an externally input third voltage, the voltage source of the first DC-DC circuit 200 is different from that of the first battery pack 100 and the second battery pack 110. The input voltage of the first DC-DC circuit 200 comes from the third voltage input at the power supply terminal 530. The power distribution circuit 300, controlled by the main control circuit 400, outputs a first voltage to the first DC-DC circuit 200 based on the third voltage connected at the power supply terminal 530. The first DC-DC circuit 200 converts the input first voltage into a second voltage and outputs it to the power distribution circuit 300, which then outputs it to the second low-voltage load terminal 520. The power distribution circuit 300 can also be controlled by the main control circuit 400 to output a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 based on the third voltage connected at the power supply terminal 530, thus supplying power to the first low-voltage load terminal 510. The solution in this embodiment can provide multiple low-voltage requirements for the vehicle using a single low-voltage battery, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, it can supply power to the first DC-DC circuit 200, the first battery pack 100, or the first low-voltage load terminal 510 by connecting an externally input third voltage through the power supply terminal 530. This helps to reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplify the layout of the electronic control system.

[0074] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit 300 may also be controlled by the main control circuit 400 to output a first voltage to the first battery pack 100 based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal 530, thereby charging the first battery pack 100.

[0075] In some embodiments, referring to FIG3, the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture further includes a second DC-DC circuit 611, which is connected between the power supply terminal 530 and the power battery pack 610. The second DC-DC circuit 611 is used to convert the voltage output by the power battery pack 610 into a third voltage and output it to the power supply terminal 530.

[0076] In this embodiment, the second DC-DC circuit 611 converts the voltage output from the power battery pack 610 into a first voltage and outputs it to the power supply terminal 530. When the power battery pack 610 is powered on, the second DC-DC circuit 611 converts the voltage output from the power battery pack into a third voltage and outputs it to the power distribution circuit 300 via the power supply terminal 530. The power distribution circuit 300 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to output the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal 530 to the bidirectional DC-DC circuit. Alternatively, it can be controlled by the main control circuit 400 to output the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal 530 to the first battery pack 100 to charge the first battery pack 100. It can also be controlled by the main control circuit 400 to output the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal 530 to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 to supply power to the first low-voltage load terminal 510. The solution in this embodiment can provide multiple low-voltage requirements for the vehicle using a single low-voltage battery, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the power distribution circuit 300 can be connected to an externally input third voltage through the power supply terminal 530 to power the first DC-DC circuit 200, the first battery pack 100, or the first low-voltage load terminal 510, which helps to reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplify the layout of the electronic control system.

[0077] In some embodiments, referring to FIG4, the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture includes a third DC-DC circuit 621, which is connected between the generator 620 and the power supply terminal 530. The third DC-DC circuit 621 is used to convert the voltage output by the generator 620 into a third voltage and output it to the power supply terminal 530.

[0078] In this embodiment, the third DC-DC circuit 621 converts the voltage output by the generator into a third voltage and outputs it to the power supply terminal 530. The second DC-DC circuit 611 converts the voltage output by the generator into a third voltage and outputs it to the power distribution circuit 300 via the power supply terminal 530. The power distribution circuit 300 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to output a first voltage to the bidirectional DC-DC circuit based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal 530. Alternatively, it can be controlled by the main control circuit 400 to output a first voltage to the first battery pack 100 to charge the first battery pack 100 based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal 530. It can also be controlled by the main control circuit 400 to output a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 based on the third voltage connected to the power supply terminal 530 to supply power to the first low-voltage load terminal 510. The solution in this embodiment can provide multiple low-voltage requirements for a vehicle using a single low-voltage battery, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the first voltage input from an external source can be connected to the power supply terminal 530 to power the first DC-DC circuit 200, the first battery pack 100, or the first low-voltage load terminal 510, which helps to reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplify the layout of the electronic control system.

[0079] In some embodiments, the third voltage may have the same voltage value as the first voltage.

[0080] In some embodiments, the voltage value of the third voltage may be greater than the voltage value of the first voltage, and the voltage difference between the third voltage and the first voltage is less than 3V.

[0081] In some embodiments, the second DC-DC circuit 611 and the third DC-DC circuit 621 can be connected to the power supply terminal 530 simultaneously, and the generator 620 inside the vehicle can charge the power battery pack 610 via the power supply terminal 530.

[0082] In some embodiments, the second DC-DC circuit 611 and the third DC-DC circuit 621 can be the same transformer, with the first winding of the transformer connected to the power battery pack 610, the second winding of the transformer connected to the generator 620, and the third winding of the transformer connected to the power supply terminal 530.

[0083] In some embodiments, the second DC-DC circuit 611 and the third DC-DC circuit 621 can be the same voltage conversion circuit. The first end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the power battery pack 610 and the generator 620, and the second end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the power supply terminal 530. The voltage conversion circuit can convert the input voltage of its first end into a third voltage and output it to the power supply terminal 530.

[0084] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion circuit converts the third voltage input at its second terminal into a high voltage output to both ends of the power battery pack 610 to precharge the capacitors at both ends of the power battery pack 610.

[0085] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the power distribution circuit 300 includes a first load switch unit T1, which is connected between the first battery pack 100 and the first low-voltage load terminal 510. The first load switch unit T1 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to control the connection state between the first battery pack 100 and the first low-voltage load terminal 510.

[0086] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the power distribution circuit 300 includes a first bidirectional switching unit 310, which is connected between the first battery pack 100 and the first low-voltage load terminal 510. The first bidirectional switching unit 310 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to control the energy transfer direction between the first battery pack 100 and the first low-voltage load terminal 510.

[0087] In this embodiment, the first low-voltage load terminal 510 is connected to the first battery pack 100 via the first bidirectional switch unit 310. One end of the first DC-DC circuit 200 can also be connected to the first battery pack 100 via the first bidirectional switch unit 310, and the other end of the first DC-DC circuit 200 is connected to the second battery pack 110 via the power distribution circuit 300. The first DC-DC circuit 200 can convert the first voltage input at one end into a second voltage to supply power to the second low-voltage load terminal 520. Thus, the first battery pack 100 can supply power to the second battery pack 110 via the first bidirectional switch unit 310, or supply power to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 via the first bidirectional switch unit 310, or supply power to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the first DC-DC circuit 200. The solution in this embodiment can provide multiple low-voltage requirements for a vehicle using a single low-voltage battery, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the first voltage input from an external source can be connected to the power supply terminal 530 to power the first DC-DC circuit 200, the first battery pack 100, or the first low-voltage load terminal 510, which helps to reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplify the layout of the electronic control system.

[0088] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the first load switch unit T1 is connected between the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the first bidirectional switch unit 310, the first bidirectional switch unit 310 is connected to the first terminal of the first load switch unit T1, and the first low-voltage load terminal 510 is connected to the second terminal of the first load switch unit T1.

[0089] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the power distribution circuit 300 includes a second bidirectional switching unit 320, which is connected between the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the power supply terminal 530. The second bidirectional switching unit 320 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to control the energy transfer direction between the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the power supply terminal 530.

[0090] In this embodiment, the first low-voltage load terminal 510 is connected to the first battery pack 100 via the first bidirectional switching unit 310. The first low-voltage load terminal 510 can also be connected to the power supply terminal 530 via the second bidirectional switching unit 320. The second bidirectional switching unit 320 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to control the energy transfer direction between the first bidirectional switching unit 310 and the power supply terminal 530. When the power battery pack is connected to the power supply terminal 530 via the second DC-DC circuit 611, the power supply terminal 530 can charge the first battery pack 100 through the second bidirectional switching unit 320 and the first bidirectional switching unit 310, and the first battery pack 100 can also be pre-charged by the first bidirectional switching unit 310 and the second bidirectional switching unit 320. The first DC-DC circuit 200 can convert the first voltage input at one end into a second voltage to power the second low-voltage load terminal 520. Thus, the first battery pack 100 can replenish the second battery pack 110 via the first bidirectional switching unit 310, or power the first low-voltage load terminal 510 via the first bidirectional switching unit 310, or power the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the first DC-DC circuit 200. This embodiment allows a single low-voltage battery to provide multiple required low voltages for the vehicle, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the first voltage input from an external source can be connected to the power supply terminal 530 to power the first DC-DC circuit 200, the first battery pack 100, or the first low-voltage load terminal 510, which helps reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplifies the layout of the electronic control system.

[0091] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the first load switch unit T1 is connected between the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the second bidirectional switch unit 320, the second bidirectional switch unit 320 is connected to the first terminal of the first load switch unit T1, and the first low-voltage load terminal 510 is connected to the second terminal of the first load switch unit T1.

[0092] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the power distribution circuit 300 includes a third bidirectional switching unit 330, which is connected between the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the first DC-DC circuit 200. The third bidirectional switching unit 330 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to control the energy transfer direction between the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the first DC-DC circuit 200.

[0093] In this embodiment, the first low-voltage load terminal 510 is connected to the first battery pack 100 via the first bidirectional switch unit 310. The first low-voltage load terminal 510 can also be connected to the power supply terminal 530 via the second bidirectional switch unit 320, and further connected to the first DC-DC circuit 200 via the third bidirectional switch unit 330. The first bidirectional switch unit 310, the second bidirectional switch unit 320, and the third bidirectional switch unit 330 are controlled by the main control circuit 400 to control the energy transfer direction between the power supply terminal 530, the first DC-DC circuit 200, and the first battery pack 100. When the power battery pack is connected to the power supply terminal 530 via the second DC-DC circuit 611, the power supply terminal 530 can charge the first battery pack 100 via the second bidirectional switch unit 320 and the first bidirectional switch unit 310, and the first battery pack 100 can also pre-charge the power battery pack via the first bidirectional switch unit 310 and the second bidirectional switch unit 320. The first DC-DC circuit 200 can convert the first voltage input at one end into a second voltage to power the second low-voltage load terminal 520. Thus, the first battery pack 100 can replenish the second battery pack 110 via the first bidirectional switching unit 310, or power the first low-voltage load terminal 510 via the first bidirectional switching unit 310, or power the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the first DC-DC circuit 200. This embodiment allows a single low-voltage battery to provide multiple required low voltages for the vehicle, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. Furthermore, the first voltage input from an external source can be connected to the power supply terminal 530 to power the first DC-DC circuit 200, the first battery pack 100, or the first low-voltage load terminal 510, which helps reduce the space occupied by the battery and simplifies the layout of the electronic control system.

[0094] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the first load switch unit T1 is connected between the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the third bidirectional switch unit 330, the third bidirectional switch unit 330 is connected to the first terminal of the first load switch unit T1, and the first low-voltage load terminal 510 is connected to the second terminal of the first load switch unit T1.

[0095] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, one end of the first bidirectional switch unit 310, the second bidirectional switch unit 320, and the third bidirectional switch unit 330 are connected to the first end of the first load switch unit T1, the other end of the first bidirectional switch unit 310 is connected to the first battery pack 100, the other end of the second bidirectional switch unit 320 is connected to the power supply terminal 530, and the other end of the third bidirectional switch unit 330 is connected to the first DC-DC circuit 200. The first bidirectional switching unit 310, the second bidirectional switching unit 320, and the third bidirectional switching unit 330 are controlled by the main control circuit 400. The main control circuit 400 controls the current direction between the power supply terminal 530, the first battery pack 100, and the first DC-DC circuit 200 by controlling the current direction of the first bidirectional switching unit 310, the second bidirectional switching unit 320, and the third bidirectional switching unit 330 in the conducting state. It can make any one of the power supply terminal 530, the first battery pack 100, and the first DC-DC circuit 200 the input, and the other two or the first low-voltage load terminal 510 the output. It can also make any two of the power supply terminal 530, the first battery pack 100, and the first DC-DC circuit 200 the input, and the other two or the first low-voltage load terminal 510 the output. It can also make the power supply terminal 530, the first battery pack 100, and the first DC-DC circuit 200 all the same, and all of them the input to power the first low-voltage load terminal 510, thereby improving the power supply safety of the first low-voltage load terminal 510.

[0096] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the power distribution circuit 300 includes a second load switch unit T2, which is connected between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520. The second load switch unit T2 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to control the connection state between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520.

[0097] In this embodiment, the second low-voltage load terminal 520 is connected to the first DC-DC circuit 200 via the second load switch unit T2, and can receive the second voltage converted by the first DC-DC circuit 200. The second load switch unit T2 can be controlled by the main control circuit 400, thereby controlling the voltage output of the second low-voltage load terminal 520.

[0098] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the power distribution circuit 300 includes a fourth bidirectional switching unit 340, which is connected between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520. The fourth bidirectional switching unit 340 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to control the energy transfer direction between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520.

[0099] In this embodiment, the second low-voltage load terminal 520 is connected to the first DC-DC circuit 200 via the fourth bidirectional switching unit 340. The fourth bidirectional switching unit 340 can control the first DC-DC circuit 200 to convert the first voltage input at its first terminal into a second voltage and output it to the second load switching unit T2. It can also control the first DC-DC circuit 200 to convert the second voltage input at its second terminal into a first voltage and output it to the first load switching unit T1 via the third bidirectional switching unit 330. Thus, in the event of an abnormality in some battery cells of the first battery pack 100, the first bidirectional switching unit 310 can be shut off, and the second battery pack 110 can provide the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 via the first DC-DC circuit 200. Simultaneously, the second battery pack 110 also provides the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520, thereby improving the safety level of the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution.

[0100] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the power distribution circuit 300 includes a fifth bidirectional switching unit 350, which is connected between the second battery pack 110 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520. The fifth bidirectional switching unit 350 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 to control the energy transfer direction between the second battery pack 110 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520.

[0101] In this embodiment, the second battery pack 110 is connected to the first DC-DC circuit 200 via the fifth bidirectional switch unit 350. When the first battery pack 100 and the second battery pack 110 are operating normally, the third bidirectional switch unit 330 is disconnected. The first battery pack 100 outputs a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 via the first bidirectional switch unit 310, and the second battery pack 110 outputs a second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the fifth bidirectional switch unit 350. Through the power supply architecture of this application, the first battery pack 100 can provide the vehicle with various required low voltages without the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries, which helps reduce the space occupied by the batteries and simplify the layout of the electronic control system.

[0102] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, one end of the fourth bidirectional switching unit 340 and the fifth bidirectional switching unit 350 are connected to the first end of the first load switching unit T1, the other end of the fourth bidirectional switching unit 340 is connected to the first DC-DC circuit 200, and the other end of the fifth bidirectional switching unit 350 is connected to the second battery pack 110. The fourth bidirectional switching unit 340 and the fifth bidirectional switching unit 350 are controlled by the main control circuit 400. The main control circuit 400 can control the current direction between the second battery pack 110 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 by controlling the current direction of the fourth bidirectional switching unit 340 and the fifth bidirectional switching unit 350 in the on state. This allows any one of the second battery pack 110 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 to be used as an input, and the other one or the second low-voltage load terminal 520 to be used as an output, or both the second battery pack 110 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 to be used as inputs to power the second low-voltage load terminal 520, thereby improving the power supply safety of the second low-voltage load terminal 520.

[0103] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the first bidirectional switching unit 310 may include two top-down MOSFETs. By controlling the switching state of the two top-down MOSFETs in the first bidirectional switching unit 310, the energy transfer direction between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the first battery pack 100 can be controlled.

[0104] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the first bidirectional switching unit 310 includes a first electronic switch Q1 and a second electronic switch Q2, wherein the first electronic switch Q1 and the second electronic switch Q2 are arranged opposite each other.

[0105] In some embodiments, the first electronic switch Q1 and the second electronic switch Q2 are both MOSFETs, and the sources of the first electronic switch Q1 and the second electronic switch Q2 are connected together, or their drains are connected together.

[0106] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the second bidirectional switching unit 320 may include two top-down MOSFETs. By controlling the switching state of the two top-down MOSFETs in the second bidirectional switching unit 320, the energy transmission direction between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the power supply terminal 530 can be controlled, as can the energy transmission direction between the first battery pack 100 and the power supply terminal 530.

[0107] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the second bidirectional switching unit 320 includes a third electronic switch Q3 and a fourth electronic switch Q4, which are arranged opposite each other.

[0108] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the third bidirectional switching unit 330 may include two top-down MOSFETs. By controlling the switching state of the two top-down MOSFETs in the third bidirectional switching unit 330, the energy transmission direction between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the power supply terminal 530 can be controlled, as can the energy transmission direction between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the first battery pack 100.

[0109] In some embodiments, the third electronic switch Q3 and the fourth electronic switch Q4 are both MOSFETs, and the sources of the third electronic switch Q3 and the fourth electronic switch Q4 are connected together, or their drains are connected together.

[0110] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the third bidirectional switching unit 330 includes a fifth electronic switch Q5 and a sixth electronic switch Q6, which are arranged opposite each other.

[0111] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the fourth bidirectional switching unit 340 may include two top-down MOSFETs. By controlling the switching state of the two top-down MOSFETs in the fourth bidirectional switching unit 340, the energy transmission direction between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520 can be controlled, as can the energy transmission direction between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the second battery pack 110.

[0112] In some embodiments, the fifth electronic switch Q5 and the sixth electronic switch Q6 are both MOSFETs, and the sources of the fifth electronic switch Q5 and the sixth electronic switch Q6 are connected together, or their drains are connected together.

[0113] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the quad bidirectional switch unit 340 includes a seventh electronic switch Q7 and an eighth electronic switch Q8, which are arranged opposite each other.

[0114] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the fifth bidirectional switching unit 350 may include two top-down MOSFETs. By controlling the switching state of the two top-down MOSFETs in the fifth bidirectional switching unit 350, the energy transmission direction between the second battery pack 110 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520 can be controlled, as can the energy transmission direction between the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the second battery pack 110.

[0115] In some embodiments, the seventh electronic switch Q7 and the eighth electronic switch Q8 are both MOSFETs, and the sources of the seventh electronic switch Q7 and the eighth electronic switch Q8 are connected together, or their drains are connected together.

[0116] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the fifth bidirectional switching unit 350 includes a ninth electronic switch Q9 and a tenth electronic switch Q10, which are arranged opposite each other.

[0117] In some embodiments, the ninth electronic switch Q9 and the tenth electronic switch Q10 are both MOSFETs, and the sources of the ninth electronic switch Q9 and the tenth electronic switch Q10 are connected together, or their drains are connected together.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first low-voltage load terminal 510 can be connected to a vehicle interior comfort type load, such as a vehicle air conditioner, seat heating and other functional loads, and the second low-voltage load terminal 520 can be connected to a vehicle interior safety control type electrical load, such as a vehicle controller, lights, steering, brakes and other functional loads.

[0119] In some embodiments, the first load switching unit T1 may include a multi-channel electronic switch, which is connected to multiple first loads respectively.

[0120] In some embodiments, the second load switching unit T2 may include a multi-channel electronic switch, which is connected to multiple second loads respectively.

[0121] In this embodiment, the first load can be a functional load such as vehicle air conditioning or seat heating, and the second load can be a functional load such as vehicle controller, lights, steering, or brakes.

[0122] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the operating state of the power distribution circuit 300 when the power of the first battery pack 100 is less than a first preset value, so as to control the third voltage input from the power supply terminal 530 to replenish the power of the first battery pack 100 via the power distribution circuit 300.

[0123] In this embodiment, when the power of the first battery pack 100 is less than a first preset value, the current flows from the power supply terminal 530 to the first double switch unit by controlling the state of the first double switch unit and the second bidirectional switch unit 320, and the first battery pack 100 is charged via the first bidirectional switch unit 310.

[0124] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the operating state of the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 when the power of the second battery pack 110 is less than a second preset value, so as to control the third voltage input from the power supply terminal 530 to replenish the power of the second battery pack 110 via the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200.

[0125] In this embodiment, when the power of the second battery pack 110 is less than the second preset value, the states of the first double-pole switch unit, the third bidirectional switch unit 330, the fourth bidirectional switch unit 340, and the fifth bidirectional switch unit 350 are controlled so that current flows from the power supply terminal 530 to the first double-pole switch unit and the third bidirectional switch unit 330. The first voltage is converted into a second voltage by the first DC-DC circuit 200 and then output to the fourth bidirectional switch unit 340. Then, the second battery pack 110 is charged by the fifth bidirectional switch unit 350, so that the power of the battery cells in the second battery pack 110 matches that of the other battery cells in the first battery pack 100.

[0126] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the operating state of the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 when the power supply terminal 530 is powered on, so as to control the third voltage input to the power supply terminal 530 to provide a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 via the power distribution circuit 300, and to provide a second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200.

[0127] In this embodiment, when the power supply terminal 530 is powered on, the first bidirectional switch unit 310 and the fifth bidirectional switch unit 350 can be turned off, while the second bidirectional switch unit 320, the third bidirectional switch unit 330 and the fourth bidirectional switch unit 340 can be turned on. The first DC-DC circuit 200 is then started, converting the first voltage input at its first terminal into a second voltage. Thus, the power supply terminal 530 provides the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 via the power distribution circuit 300, and provides the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the first DC-DC circuit 200.

[0128] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is also configured to control the third voltage input to the power supply terminal 530 to provide a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 via the power distribution circuit 300 in the event of a failure of the first DC-DC circuit 200, and to control the second battery pack 110 to provide a second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the power distribution circuit 300.

[0129] In this embodiment, if the first DC-DC circuit 200 malfunctions, the third bidirectional switch unit 330 and the fourth bidirectional switch unit 340 are turned off. The third voltage input to the power supply terminal 530 provides the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 via the second bidirectional switch unit 320 and the first load switch unit T1. The second battery pack 110 provides the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the fifth bidirectional switch unit 350 and the second load switch unit T2. The power distribution circuit 300 outputs the first voltage according to the third voltage input to the power supply terminal 530 to replenish the first battery pack 100, preventing the second battery pack 110 inside from over-discharge and improving the safety of the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution.

[0130] When the vehicle starts, the first bidirectional switch unit 310 is turned on, and the first battery pack 100 outputs a first voltage through the first bidirectional switch unit 310 to power the first low-voltage load terminal 510, thereby powering the controller for the vehicle's driving safety category. At the same time, the second battery pack 110 powers the second low-voltage load terminal 520 through the fifth bidirectional switch unit 350. The vehicle is then powered on. Then, the power supply terminal 530 receives the first voltage provided by the power battery pack or generator. The power supply terminal 530 powers the first low-voltage load terminal 510 through the second bidirectional switch unit 320, and powers the second low-voltage load terminal 520 through the third bidirectional switch unit 330, the first DC-DC circuit 200, and the fourth bidirectional switch unit 340. Finally, the fifth bidirectional switch unit 350 and the first bidirectional switch unit 310 are turned off.

[0131] In some embodiments, when the vehicle is in normal operation, if a fault occurs in the high-voltage circuit (e.g., relay, high-voltage connector, non-start-stop battery cell, etc.), the first DC-DC circuit 200 is activated, the first battery pack 100 outputs a first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510, and the second battery pack 110 outputs a second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 via the fifth bidirectional switch unit 350, thereby quickly connecting the vehicle's safe load to the low-voltage battery and ensuring the user's basic steering and parking safety operations.

[0132] In some embodiments, the output voltage range of the second battery pack 110 is 12V-72V.

[0133] In some embodiments, the second battery pack 110 includes a 12-volt lithium-ion battery or a sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable batteries.

[0134] In some embodiments, the second battery pack 110 includes a 24-volt lithium-ion battery or a sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable batteries.

[0135] In some embodiments, the second battery pack 110 includes a 48-volt lithium-ion battery or a sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable batteries.

[0136] In some embodiments, the second battery pack 110 includes a 72V lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable batteries.

[0137] In this embodiment, the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture in this application embodiment can be applied to new energy vehicles or fuel vehicles, wherein the output voltage of the second battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 does not exceed 72V.

[0138] In some embodiments, the first battery pack 100 includes a 48-volt lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable battery, and the output voltage of the first battery pack 100 is 48V.

[0139] In some embodiments, the first battery pack 100 includes a 72V lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable battery, and the output voltage of the first battery pack 100 does not exceed 72V.

[0140] This application also provides a vehicle management system, which includes a low-voltage battery power distribution architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0141] This application also provides a vehicle that includes a low-voltage battery power distribution architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0142] In this embodiment, by integrating the low-voltage battery power distribution architecture of any of the above embodiments into the vehicle, the first DC-DC circuit 200, the power distribution circuit 300, and the main control circuit 400 can be integrated into a single structural component. Furthermore, the first DC-DC circuit 200 and the power distribution circuit 300 reuse the same controller, thereby optimizing the electrical architecture of the vehicle management system, simplifying the relevant components of the vehicle, and significantly reducing the overall vehicle cost.

[0143] In this embodiment, the low-voltage power distribution system in the vehicle includes a first battery pack 100 and a first DC-DC circuit 200. The first battery pack 100 includes at least two battery cells connected in series. The second battery pack 110 includes some of the battery cells in the first battery pack 100, so that the first battery pack 100 can output a first voltage and the second battery pack 110 can output a second voltage. The first voltage and the second voltage have different values. The main control circuit 400 is used to control the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 to provide corresponding voltages to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 and the second low-voltage load terminal 520. The power distribution circuit 300 provides the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 according to the first voltage provided by the first battery pack 100. The power distribution circuit 300 can also provide the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520 according to the second voltage output by the second battery pack 110. The voltage source of the first DC-DC circuit 200 differs from that of the first battery pack 100 and the second battery pack 110. The first DC-DC circuit 200 can accept an externally input voltage and convert it into a first voltage or a second voltage based on the external input voltage, thereby providing a first voltage or a third voltage to the power distribution circuit 300. Thus, by controlling the operating states of the power distribution circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 200 through the main control circuit 400, a first voltage can be provided to the first low-voltage load terminal 510 based on any one of the first battery pack 100, the second battery pack 110, and the first DC-DC circuit 200, while simultaneously providing a second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal 520. Through the power supply architecture of this application, a single low-voltage battery can provide multiple required low voltages for the vehicle, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and replacement of multiple low-voltage batteries. This reduces the space occupied by the batteries and simplifies the layout of the electronic control system.

[0144] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0145] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0146] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the electronic device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0147] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0148] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0149] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A low-voltage battery power distribution architecture, wherein, include: The first battery pack includes at least two battery cells connected in series. The second battery pack includes a portion of the battery cells in the first battery pack; The first DC-DC circuit is used to convert between the first voltage and the second voltage. A power distribution circuit, connecting the first battery pack, the second battery pack, and the first DC-DC circuit, is used to provide a first voltage to a first low-voltage load terminal or a second voltage to a second low-voltage load terminal. The main control circuit is used to control the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit to provide corresponding voltages to the first low-voltage load terminal and the second low-voltage load terminal.

2. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to claim 1, wherein, The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture includes: The power supply terminal is connected to the power distribution circuit, used to receive a third voltage, and to output the third voltage to the power distribution circuit; The power distribution circuit is also used to output a first voltage to the first DC-DC circuit, the first battery pack, or the first low-voltage load terminal according to the third voltage.

3. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to claim 2, wherein, The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture includes: The second DC-DC circuit is connected between the power battery pack and the power supply terminal, and is used to convert the voltage output by the power battery pack into the third voltage and output it to the power supply terminal.

4. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to claim 2, wherein, The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture includes: The third DC-DC circuit is connected between the generator and the power supply terminal, and is used to convert the voltage output by the generator into the third voltage and output it to the power supply terminal.

5. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to claim 1, wherein, The power distribution circuit includes: A first load switch unit is connected between the first battery pack and the first low-voltage load terminal. The first load switch unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the connection state between the first battery pack and the first low-voltage load terminal.

6. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to claim 1, wherein, The power distribution circuit includes: A first bidirectional switching unit is connected between the first battery pack and the first low-voltage load terminal. The first bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the first battery pack and the first low-voltage load terminal.

7. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to claim 2, wherein, The power distribution circuit includes: The second bidirectional switching unit is connected between the power supply terminal and the first low-voltage load terminal. The second bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the power supply terminal and the first low-voltage load terminal.

8. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to claim 1, wherein, The power distribution circuit includes: The third bidirectional switching unit is connected between the first DC-DC circuit and the first low-voltage load terminal. The third bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the first DC-DC circuit and the first low-voltage load terminal.

9. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 2-8, wherein, The power distribution circuit includes: The second load switch unit is connected between the first DC-DC circuit and the second low-voltage load terminal. The second load switch unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the connection state between the first DC-DC circuit and the second low-voltage load terminal.

10. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to claim 9, wherein, The power distribution circuit includes: The fourth bidirectional switching unit is connected between the first DC-DC circuit and the second low-voltage load terminal. The fourth bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the first DC-DC circuit and the second low-voltage load terminal.

11. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to claim 9, wherein, The power distribution circuit includes: The fifth bidirectional switching unit is connected between the second battery pack and the second low-voltage load terminal. The fifth bidirectional switching unit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the second battery pack and the second low-voltage load terminal.

12. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 2-11, wherein, The main control circuit is also used to control the working state of the power distribution circuit when the power of the first battery pack is less than a first preset value, so as to control the power distribution circuit to replenish the first battery pack according to the third voltage.

13. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 2-11, wherein, The main control circuit is also used to control the working state of the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit when the power of the second battery pack is less than the second preset value, so as to control the third voltage input from the power supply terminal to replenish the second battery pack through the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit.

14. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 2-11, wherein, The main control circuit is also used to control the operating state of the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit when the power supply terminal is powered on, so as to control the third voltage input from the power supply terminal to provide the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal via the power distribution circuit, and to provide the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal via the power distribution circuit and the first DC-DC circuit.

15. The low-voltage battery power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 2-11, wherein, The main control circuit is also used to control the third voltage input to the power supply terminal to provide the first voltage to the first low-voltage load terminal via the power distribution circuit in the event of a failure of the first DCDC circuit, and to replenish the first battery pack, and to control the second battery pack to provide the second voltage to the second low-voltage load terminal via the power distribution circuit.

16. A type of automobile, wherein, The vehicle includes a low-voltage battery power distribution architecture as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

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