Antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

The present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure comprises a substrate, a radiator, a first coupling member, and a second coupling member. At least a part of the radiator is located on a first surface of the substrate, and the radiator comprises a first part and a second part that are spaced apart. The first coupling member comprises a first coupling branch and a second coupling branch. The first coupling branch and the first part are spaced apart, a first end of the first coupling branch is coupled to a first end of the second coupling branch, a second end of the first coupling branch is an open end, and the second coupling branch comprises a first feed point. The second coupling member comprises a third coupling branch and a fourth coupling branch. The third coupling branch and the second part are spaced apart, a first end of the third coupling branch is coupled to a first end of the fourth coupling branch, a second end of the third coupling branch is an open end, and the fourth coupling branch comprises a second feed point. The antenna structure facilitates the formation of miniaturized dual antennas having a common aperture.

Description

Antenna structure and electronic device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410674476.7, filed on May 27, 2024, with the State Intellectual Property Office of China, and the Chinese patent application No. 202410674476.7 has the invention name of "Antenna structure and electronic device", the whole content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, and in particular, to an antenna structure and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the development of the internet of things technology, more and more users install smart electronic devices in places such as homes or offices. Among them, the antenna is a key component of the communication of the smart electronic device, which is used to enable the smart electronic device to access the network, so as to realize the information interaction between devices, and the remote control and monitoring of the smart electronic device.

[0004] At present, with the development of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technology, more and more smart electronic devices increase the number of antennas to achieve a longer transmission distance and a higher transmission rate. However, with the trend of miniaturization and integration of smart electronic devices, the increasingly narrow design space in smart electronic devices puts forward more urgent needs for the miniaturization of multi-antenna. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device, by indirectly coupling two coupling members with a radiator respectively, the antenna structure can form a smaller size co-aperture dual antenna. At the same time, by making the two coupling members in the form of open transmission line, the size of the antenna structure can be further reduced. Further, it is conducive to obtaining a miniaturized co-aperture dual antenna.

[0006] With reference to the first aspect, the present application provides an antenna structure, comprising: a substrate; a radiator, at least part of the radiator being located on a first surface of the substrate, the radiator comprising a first part and a second part arranged in a spaced manner; a first coupling element and a second coupling element, the first coupling element and the second coupling element being located on the first surface; wherein the first coupling element comprises a first coupling branch and a second coupling branch, the first coupling branch and the first part are arranged in a spaced manner, a first end of the first coupling branch is coupled with a first end of the second coupling branch, a second end of the first coupling branch is an open end, and the second coupling branch comprises a first feeding point; the second coupling element comprises a third coupling branch and a fourth coupling branch, the third coupling branch and the second part are arranged in a spaced manner, a first end of the third coupling branch is coupled with a first end of the fourth coupling branch, a second end of the third coupling branch is an open end, and the fourth coupling branch comprises a second feeding point.

[0007] In the antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application, the first coupling element and the second coupling element are coupled with the radiator respectively to form a dual antenna with a common aperture. Since the dual antenna shares the radiator, the occupied space of the antenna structure can be reduced. Moreover, by adopting the form of open transmission line for the first coupling element and the second coupling element, the size of the antenna structure can be further reduced. For example, the total circumference of the first antenna and the second antenna formed by the antenna structure can be less than one half of the working wavelength. In this way, a dual antenna with a common aperture and small size can be obtained, and the antenna structure can be applied to the case where the floor size is small.

[0008] In an implementation manner, the extension direction of the first coupling branch is parallel to the extension direction of the first part, and the extension direction of the third coupling branch is parallel to the extension direction of the second part.

[0009] Based on the above design, the contact between the first coupling branch and the first part and the contact between the third coupling branch and the second part can be avoided. This can ensure that the coupling gap is formed between the first coupling branch and the first part and between the third coupling branch and the second part respectively, and can also ensure that the second end of the first coupling branch and the second end of the third coupling branch are both open ends. In this way, the communication performance of the dual antenna with a common aperture formed by the antenna structure can be ensured, and the size of the antenna structure can be further reduced.

[0010] In an implementation manner, the radiator further comprises a third part, the third part being located on the first surface, and a first end of the first part is coupled with a first end of the second part through the third part; the antenna structure further comprises a decoupling element, the decoupling element being located on a second surface of the substrate, the second surface being opposite to and not in contact with the first surface; wherein the decoupling element comprises a first decoupling branch and a second decoupling branch, a projection of the first decoupling branch on a first direction overlaps at least partially with the third part, a first end of the second decoupling branch is coupled with the first decoupling branch, and a second end of the second decoupling branch is grounded, the first direction being a direction perpendicular to the first surface.

[0011] In the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, by arranging at least part of the decoupling member between the first part and the second part of the radiator, the resonant current generated by the first antenna formed by the first coupling member and the radiator when operating can be reduced to be coupled to the second coupling member through the second part, and the resonant current generated by the second antenna formed by the second coupling member and the radiator when operating can be reduced to be coupled to the first coupling member through the first part. This can reduce the interference between the first antenna and the second antenna, so that the CM mode and the DM mode of the two antennas offset each other, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna structure. In addition, by arranging the decoupling member on the second surface of the substrate, the structure of the antenna structure can be more compact, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the antenna structure. Furthermore, it is beneficial to obtain a co-aperture dual antenna with high isolation and small size.

[0012] In an implementation manner, in the first direction, projections of the first coupling member and the second coupling member are located on both sides of a projection of the decoupling member, and the projections of the first coupling member and the second coupling member are symmetrical along a virtual axis of the projection of the decoupling member.

[0013] In an implementation manner, the extension direction of the first decoupling branch and the extension direction of the third part are parallel. Based on the above design, the decoupling member can better improve the isolation between the two antennas in the antenna structure, thereby improving the communication performance and efficiency of the antenna structure.

[0014] In an implementation manner, a first end of the second decoupling branch is coupled with a central region of the first decoupling branch, and the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch form any one of a T-shaped structure, an E-shaped structure and a funnel-shaped structure. Based on the above design, the shape of the decoupling member can be flexibly adjusted according to actual production and design requirements.

[0015] In an implementation manner, the antenna structure further includes a ground plate; wherein the ground plate is located on the second surface, the ground plate is coupled with the second end of the second decoupling branch, and the projection of the ground plate and the decoupling member in the first direction does not overlap. Based on the above design, it is beneficial to improve the space utilization of the substrate, so that the structure of the antenna structure is more compact, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the antenna structure.

[0016] In an implementation manner, the first part and the second part are located on the first surface, and the second end of the first part and the second end of the second part are open ends.

[0017] In the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the first part, the second part and the third part of the radiator on the same surface of the substrate, the integration degree is higher, and it is beneficial to the integrated processing of the radiator.

[0018] In an implementation, the first coupling branch includes a strip transmission line and a coaxial transmission line, the coaxial transmission line includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor arranged at intervals; wherein a first end of the strip transmission line is coupled with the second coupling branch, a second end of the strip transmission line, a second end of the first part are coupled with a first end of the inner conductor and a first end of the outer conductor respectively, and a second end of the inner conductor and a second end of the outer conductor are open ends.

[0019] In an implementation, the substrate includes a first metal via and a second metal via, the first metal via and the second metal via penetrate the substrate along a first direction, the first direction being a direction perpendicular to the first surface; wherein the first part and the second part are located on a second surface of the substrate, a first end of the first part is coupled with a first end of the third part through the first metal via, a first end of the second part is coupled with a second end of the third part through the second metal via, a second end of the first part and a second end of the second part are open ends, and the second surface is opposite to and does not contact the first surface.

[0020] In the antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application, the third part of the radiator is arranged on the first surface of the substrate, and the first part and the second part of the radiator are arranged on the second surface of the substrate, which is conducive to improving the flexibility of the overall design of the antenna structure, thereby facilitating the satisfaction of different production and design requirements.

[0021] In an implementation, the second coupling branch is in an L-shaped structure.

[0022] In an implementation, the second coupling branch includes a first sub-branch, a second sub-branch and a third sub-branch; wherein a first end of the first sub-branch is coupled with the first end of the first coupling branch, a second end of the first sub-branch is coupled with a first end of the second sub-branch, a first feeding point is located at a second end of the second sub-branch, a first end of the third sub-branch is coupled with a central region of the second sub-branch, and a second end of the third sub-branch is an open end. Based on the above design, impedance matching can be performed by using the third sub-branch, thereby improving the communication performance of the antenna structure.

[0023] In an implementation, the antenna structure further includes a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit; wherein the first feeding unit is coupled with the first feeding point, and the first feeding unit is configured to feed an electrical signal to the first feeding point; the second feeding unit is coupled with the second feeding point, and the second feeding unit is configured to feed an electrical signal to the second feeding point.

[0024] Based on the above design, when the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit feed electrical signals to the first feeding point and the second feeding point respectively, the antenna structure can form a dual antenna with a common aperture.

[0025] In an implementation, the working frequency band of the antenna structure includes a 2.4G frequency band of wireless fidelity (WiFi), or a 5G frequency band of WiFi.

[0026] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising at least one antenna structure according to any one of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario for multi-device communication according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view of an antenna structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a top view of another antenna structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a top view of another antenna structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a side view of the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 4.

[0032] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bottom view of the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 4.

[0033] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a top view of another antenna structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a bottom view of an antenna structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a bottom view of another antenna structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a bottom view of another antenna structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG. 11 is a simulation result diagram of S parameters of the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Hereinafter, terms that can appear in embodiments of the present application are explained.

[0039] It should be understood that the term “and / or” used herein is only a description of the same field of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character “ / ” herein generally represents an “or” relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0040] The symmetry, parallel, perpendicular, identical (e.g., the same length, the same width, etc.) and the like described in the embodiments of the present application are relative to the current process level, rather than the absolute definition in the mathematical sense, and a small deviation is allowed. For example, in some embodiments, A is parallel to B, which means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel. In one possible example, A is parallel to B, which means that the included angle between A and B is between 0° and 10°. In some embodiments, A is perpendicular to B, which means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular. In one possible example, A is perpendicular to B, which means that the included angle between A and B is between 80° and 100°.

[0041] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which means that the components are in physical contact and electrically conductive; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in the circuit structure through the entity line of the signal transmission entity line such as copper foil or wire of the printed circuit board (PCB); "indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through space without contact.

[0042] Radiating body: is a device used for receiving / sending electromagnetic wave radiation in an antenna. In some cases, "antenna" is understood in a narrow sense as a radiating body, which changes the waveguide energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into waveguide energy for radiation and reception of radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or waveguide energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiating body through the feeder, and is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization through the radiating body and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiating body converts electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a certain direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is delivered to the input end of the receiver through the feeder.

[0043] The radiating body can include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a wire or a sheet, and the present application does not limit the specific shape. Alternatively, the radiating body can include a slot or a gap formed on the conductor, such as a closed or semi-closed slot or gap on the ground conductor surface. In one embodiment, the slotted or slotted radiating body can be referred to as a slot antenna or a gap antenna.

[0044] Communication frequency band / working frequency band: no matter what type of antenna, it always works in a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting B40 frequency band has a working frequency band including frequencies in the range of 2300MHz-2400MHz, or in other words, the working frequency band of the antenna includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the working frequency band of the antenna.

[0045] Wavelength: or working wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the working wavelength can be the wavelength calculated by using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, the "working wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band.

[0046] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in the air can be calculated as follows: (air wavelength, or vacuum wavelength) = light speed / frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz), and the light speed can be 3x10 8 m / s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the medium wavelength, which can be the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the medium wavelength calculated by using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, the "medium wavelength" can also refer to the medium wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band. For ease of understanding, the medium wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative permittivity of the medium filled on one side or multiple sides of the radiator.

[0047] Isolation: refers to the ratio of the signal received by another antenna to the signal transmitted by one antenna. Isolation is a physical quantity used to measure the degree of antenna mutual coupling. Assuming that two antennas constitute a two-port network, the isolation between the two antennas is S21, S12 between the antennas. The antenna isolation can be represented by S21, S12 parameters, which also belong to one of the S parameters. S21, S12 parameters are usually negative numbers. The smaller the S21, S12 parameters, the greater the isolation between the antennas, and the smaller the degree of antenna mutual coupling; the larger the S21, S12 parameters, the smaller the isolation between the antennas, and the greater the degree of antenna mutual coupling. The isolation of the antenna depends on the antenna radiation pattern, the spatial distance of the antenna, the antenna gain, etc.

[0048] End / point: the “end / point” in the first end / second end / feed end / ground end / feed point / ground point / connection point of the antenna radiator, cannot be understood as a certain end point or end part that is physically disconnected from other radiators, but can also be considered as a certain point or a certain section on a continuous radiator. In an embodiment, the “end / point” can include a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures, for example, the feed end / feed point can be a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a feed structure or a feed circuit (for example, an area that faces a part of the feed circuit), and for another example, the ground end / ground point can be a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a ground structure or a ground circuit (for example, an area that faces a part of the ground circuit).

[0049] Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to whether they are grounded, the closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductive bodies, the closed end is electrically connected to other conductive bodies, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductive bodies. In an embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a suspended end, a free end, an open end, or an open circuit end. In an embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductive bodies can be coupled to the open end to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0050] Antenna return loss: can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port to the antenna port transmission power. The smaller the reflected signal, the greater the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The greater the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the smaller the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0051] The antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which belongs to the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which can represent the advantages and disadvantages of the antenna transmission efficiency. S11 parameter is usually negative, the smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, that is, the more energy actually entering the antenna, the higher the system efficiency of the antenna; the larger the S11 parameter, the larger the antenna return loss, the lower the system efficiency of the antenna.

[0052] It should be noted that in engineering, -6dB is generally taken as the standard for S11 value, and when the S11 value of the antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is better.

[0053] Ground (GND): can refer to at least one part of any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer, etc. in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least one part of any combination of the above ground layer, or ground plate, or ground component, etc. Ground can be used for the grounding of components in an electronic device. In an embodiment, ground can be a ground layer of a circuit board of an electronic device, or a ground plate formed by a middle frame of an electronic device, or a ground metal layer formed by a metal film under a screen of an electronic device. In an embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), for example, an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14 layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or elements separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or an insulating layer such as glass fiber, polymer, etc. In an embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a wiring layer, and the wiring layer and the ground layer are electrically connected by a via. In an embodiment, components such as a display, a touch screen, an input button, a transmitter, a processor, a memory, a battery, a charging circuit, a system on chip (SoC) structure, etc. can be mounted on or connected to the circuit board; or electrically connected to the wiring layer and / or the ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source is arranged on the wiring layer.

[0054] Any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer described above is made of conductive material. In an embodiment, the conductive material can be any one of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin-plated copper, graphite powder impregnated cloth, graphite coated substrate, copper plated substrate, brass plated substrate, and aluminum plated substrate. Those skilled in the art can understand that the ground layer / ground plate / ground metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0055] Grounding: refers to coupling with the above ground / ground plate in any way. In an embodiment, grounding can be physical grounding, for example, physical grounding (or called physical ground) at a specific position on the frame through a part of the structure of the middle frame. In an embodiment, grounding can be device grounding, for example, device grounding (or called device ground) through capacitors / inductors / resistors in series or parallel.

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0057] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario for multi-device communication according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] With the development of IoT technology, a user can install multiple smart electronic devices in a home. As shown in FIG. 1, the user can install, for example, a television 103, a notebook computer 105, a smart air conditioner 106, a smart sound box 108, a humidity thermometer 111, a curtain remote control machine 107, a smart clock 112, a smart water heater 104, a smart camera 109, a smart lamp 110, and the like in the home. In addition, the user can also carry one or more portable electronic devices, such as a mobile phone 102 shown in FIG. 1.

[0059] Each of the above smart electronic devices is generally provided with an antenna structure. In actual application, the smart electronic device accesses the network through the set antenna structure, so as to perform wireless communication with other devices. For example, after the smart water heater 104 accesses the network through the set antenna structure, the smart water heater 104 can receive heating instruction information sent from a control device, and operate a heating system according to the heating instruction information to control the water temperature in the smart water heater 104. The control device can be, for example, the mobile phone 102 shown in FIG. 1.

[0060] Currently, in order to achieve a longer transmission distance and a higher transmission rate, more and more smart electronic devices begin to integrate multiple antenna units. However, under the design requirements of compatibility, miniaturization and integration, the design space reserved for the antenna of the smart electronic device is getting smaller and smaller. Therefore, how to realize the miniaturization of the multiple antenna units is a problem to be solved at present.

[0061] Based on the above, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna structure and an electronic device comprising the same. By indirectly coupling two coupling members with a radiator, the antenna structure can form a smaller co-aperture dual antenna. At the same time, by adopting an open transmission line form for the two coupling members, the size of the antenna structure can be further reduced. Further, it is beneficial to obtain a miniaturized co-aperture dual antenna.

[0062] FIG. 2 is a top view structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 can be located in each of the above smart electronic devices.

[0063] Referring to FIG. 2, the antenna structure 200 comprises a substrate 210, a radiator 220, a first coupling member 230 and a second coupling member 240.

[0064] Among them, at least part of the radiator 220 is located on the first surface 211 of the substrate 210, and the radiator 220 comprises a first part 221 and a second part 223 arranged at intervals.

[0065] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the first part 221 and the second part 223 arranged at intervals can mean that the first part 221 and the second part 223 are coupled through other parts of the radiator 220.

[0066] For example, in one embodiment, the radiator 220 further comprises a third portion 222, which is located on the first surface 211. The first end of the first portion 221 is coupled with the first end of the second portion 223 through the third portion 222.

[0067] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the extension direction of the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 is different from the extension direction of the third portion 222, i.e., the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 are not arranged in parallel with the third portion 222. In addition, the extension direction of the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 can be the same or different, i.e., the first portion 221 can be arranged in parallel with the second portion 223 or not. For the convenience of description and understanding, the embodiments of the present application are described by taking the example that the extension direction of the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 is the same, and the extension direction of the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the third portion 222, i.e., the example that the radiator 220 is in a U-shaped structure.

[0068] The first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 are located on the first surface 211 of the substrate 210.

[0069] The first coupling member 230 comprises a first coupling branch 231 and a second coupling branch 232. The first coupling branch 231 is arranged in parallel with the first portion 221, so that the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221 form a first gap M1 therebetween, and the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221 are coupled with each other through the first gap M1. The first end of the first coupling branch 231 is coupled with the first end of the second coupling branch 232, and the second end of the first coupling branch 231 is an open end. That is, the first coupling branch 231 for coupling with the first portion 221 in the first coupling member 230 is in the form of an open transmission line.

[0070] In addition, the second coupling branch 232 comprises a first feeding point 2321. In this way, an electrical signal can be fed into the first coupling member 230 through the first feeding point 2321, and the first coupling member 230 is coupled to the radiator 220 through the first gap M1 between the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221 to form the first antenna 30 in the antenna structure 200.

[0071] Similarly, the second coupling member 240 includes a third coupling branch 241 and a fourth coupling branch 242. The third coupling branch 241 is spaced apart from the second portion 223, such that a second gap M2 is formed between the third coupling branch 241 and the second portion 223, and the third coupling branch 241 and the second portion 223 are coupled via the second gap M2. The first end of the third coupling branch 241 is coupled to the first end of the fourth coupling branch 242, and the other end of the third coupling branch 242 is an open end. That is, the third coupling branch 241 in the second coupling member 240 for coupling with the second portion 223 also adopts the form of an open transmission line.

[0072] In addition, the fourth coupling branch 242 includes a second feeding point 2421. In this way, an electrical signal can be fed to the second coupling member 240 via the second feeding point 2421, and the second coupling member 240 is coupled to the radiator 220 via the second gap M2 between the third coupling branch 241 and the second portion 223, to form the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200.

[0073] In actual application, by feeding via the first feeding point 2321 and the second feeding point 2421 respectively, the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200 can work in common mode (CM) mode and differential mode (DM) mode respectively.

[0074] In the antenna structure 200 provided by the embodiments of the present application, the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 are coupled to the radiator 220 respectively, to form a dual antenna with a common aperture. Since the dual antenna shares the radiator 220, it is beneficial to reduce the occupied space of the antenna structure 200. Moreover, by adopting the form of open transmission line for the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240, the size of the antenna structure 200 can be further reduced. For example, the total circumference of the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 formed by the antenna structure 200 can be less than one half of the working wavelength. Furthermore, it is beneficial to obtain a miniaturized dual antenna with a common aperture, so that the antenna structure 200 is applicable to the case where the floor size is small.

[0075] In one embodiment, the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 can be located on both sides of the central axis of the first surface 211, and are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the first surface 211. Wherein, the center (for example, the geometric center) of the first surface 211 is located on the central axis of the first surface 211.

[0076] It should be understood that the relative positions of the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 on the first surface 211 are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the present application. In the embodiments of the present application, as long as the relative positions of the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 on the first surface 211 are such that the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 are not in contact with each other and are coupled to the first portion 221 and the second portion 223, respectively, the present application is not limited in this regard.

[0077] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 can have the same structure or different structures, and the present application is not limited in this regard. For ease of description and understanding, the embodiments of the present application are described by taking the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 as having the same structure. That is, the following description of the first coupling member 230 also applies to the second coupling member 240.

[0078] In one embodiment, the first coupling branch 231 extends in a direction parallel to the extension direction of the first portion 221, and the third coupling branch 241 extends in a direction parallel to the extension direction of the second portion 223. That is, the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the third coupling branch 241 and the second portion 223 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart.

[0079] Based on the above design, it is beneficial to avoid the first coupling branch 231 from contacting the first portion 221 and the third coupling branch 241 from contacting the second portion 223. This can ensure that the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221, and the third coupling branch 241 and the second portion 223, respectively, have coupling gaps therebetween, and can also ensure that the second end of the first coupling branch 231 and the second end of the third coupling branch 241 are both open ends. Furthermore, it is beneficial to ensure the communication performance of the co-aperture dual antenna formed by the antenna structure 200 while further reducing the size of the antenna structure 200.

[0080] It should be understood that the above-mentioned extension direction relationship between the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221, and between the third coupling branch 241 and the second portion 223, is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the present application. For example, in some other embodiments, the extension direction of the first coupling branch 231 can intersect the extension direction of the first portion 221, but at the same time, the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221 have a spacing therebetween to be not in contact with each other, and this spacing can serve as the first gap M1 for coupling the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221.

[0081] In one example, the first coupling branch 231, the third coupling branch 241, the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 are in linear structures, and the extending directions of the first coupling branch 231, the third coupling branch 241, the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 are parallel. This facilitates the compact design of the antenna structure 200 as a whole, and reduces the processing difficulty of the antenna structure 200.

[0082] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, in the case where the extending directions of the first coupling branch 231, the third coupling branch 241, the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 are parallel, the interval between the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221 and the interval between the third coupling branch 241 and the second portion 223 can be equal or not equal, which is not limited in the present application.

[0083] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 are located on the first surface 211 of the substrate 210. The first end of the first portion 221 is coupled with the first end of the second portion 223 through the third portion 222, and the second end of the first portion 221 and the second end of the second portion 223 are open ends.

[0084] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the second end of the first portion 221 being an open end can mean that the second end of the first portion 221 itself is an open end, or can mean that the structure coupled with the second end of the first portion 221 includes an open end.

[0085] For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the first coupling branch 231 and the second coupling branch 232 are strip transmission lines, and the second end of the first portion 221 itself is an open end.

[0086] For another example, as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a top view structural schematic diagram of another antenna structure 200 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0087] Different from the first coupling branch 231 and the second coupling branch 232 being strip transmission lines as shown in FIG. 2, in the example shown in FIG. 3, the first coupling branch 231 includes a strip transmission line 2311 and a coaxial transmission line 2312, and the coaxial transmission line 2312 includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor arranged at intervals. The extending direction of the strip transmission line 2311 is parallel to the extending direction of the first portion 221. The first end of the strip transmission line 2311 is coupled with the first end of the second coupling branch 232, and the second end of the strip transmission line 2311 and the second end of the first portion 221 are respectively coupled with the first end of the inner conductor and the first end of the outer conductor of the coaxial transmission line 2312, and the second end of the inner conductor and the second end of the outer conductor are both open ends.

[0088] In one example, the second end of the strip transmission line 2311 can be coupled with the first end of the inner conductor, and the second end of the first portion 221 is coupled with the first end of the outer conductor. That is, the second end of the first portion 221 being open-ended can refer to the second end of the outer conductor of the coaxial transmission line 2312 coupled with the second end of the first portion 221 being open-ended. In another example, the second end of the strip transmission line 2311 can be coupled with the first end of the outer conductor, and the second end of the first portion 221 is coupled with the first end of the inner conductor. That is, the second end of the first portion 221 being open-ended can refer to the second end of the inner conductor of the coaxial transmission line 2312 coupled with the second end of the first portion 221 being open-ended.

[0089] It should be understood that the above description of the second end of the first portion 221 being open-ended also applies to the second end of the second portion 223 being open-ended. For the sake of brevity, the description will not be repeated here.

[0090] In the embodiments of the present application, by arranging the first portion 221, the second portion 223 and the third portion 222 of the radiator 220 on the same surface of the substrate 210, the integration degree is higher, and the integrated processing of the radiator 220 is facilitated.

[0091] In another embodiment, in combination with FIGS. 4-6, FIG. 4 is a top view structural schematic diagram of another antenna structure 200 provided by the embodiments of the present application. FIG. 5 is a side view structural schematic diagram of the antenna structure along the y direction shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 4. Different from the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2-3, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4-6, the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 are located on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210, which is opposite to the first surface 211 and does not contact the first surface 211.

[0092] Specifically, the substrate 210 includes a first metal via 213 and a second metal via 214. The first metal via 213 and the second metal via 214 penetrate the substrate 210 along a first direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the first surface 211 (for example, the y direction). Among them, the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 are located on the second surface 212, the first end of the first portion 221 is coupled with the first end of the third portion 222 through the metal via 213, and the first end of the second portion 223 is coupled with the second end of the third portion 222. The second end of the first portion 221 and the second end of the third portion 222 are open-ended.

[0093] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, by arranging the third part 222 of the radiator 220 on the first surface 211 of the substrate 210, and arranging the first part 221 and the second part 223 of the radiator 220 on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210, the flexibility of the overall design of the antenna structure 200 is improved, thereby facilitating the satisfaction of different production and design requirements.

[0094] In one embodiment, still in combination with FIG. 2, the second coupling branch 232 can be referred to as an L-shaped structure.

[0095] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, which is a top view structural schematic diagram of another antenna structure 200 provided by the embodiments of the present application, the second coupling branch 232 can include a first sub-branch 2322, a second sub-branch 2323, and a third sub-branch 2324. The first end of the first sub-branch 2322 is coupled with the first end of the first coupling branch 231, the second end of the first sub-branch 2322 is coupled with the first end of the second sub-branch 2323, and the first feeding point 2321 is located at the second end of the second sub-branch 2323. The first end of the third sub-branch 2324 is coupled with the central region of the second sub-branch 2323, and the second end of the third sub-branch 2324 is an open end.

[0096] For example, the extension direction of the first sub-branch 2322 and the extension direction of the third sub-branch 2324 are parallel and perpendicular to the extension direction of the second sub-branch 2323, and the extension direction of the second sub-branch 2323 is parallel to the extension direction of the first coupling branch 231.

[0097] Based on the above design, the compact design of the antenna structure 200 is facilitated, and the processing and production of the antenna structure 200 are facilitated. In addition, the third sub-branch 2324 can also be used for impedance matching of the first coupling member 230, thereby improving the communication performance of the antenna structure 200.

[0098] It should be understood that the above description of the shape and structure of the second coupling branch 232 is only illustrative, and can be flexibly adjusted according to actual production and design requirements, which is not limited in the present application.

[0099] It should also be understood that the above description of the second coupling branch 232 also applies to the fourth coupling branch 242, and will not be repeated here to avoid redundancy.

[0100] The above introduces the radiator 220, the first coupling member 230, and the second coupling member 240 in the antenna structure 200, and the following further introduces other main structures in the antenna structure 200.

[0101] FIG. 8 is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure 200 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0102] In an embodiment, in combination with FIG. 2 and FIG. 8, the antenna structure 200 further comprises a decoupling element 250 located on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210. Wherein, the decoupling element 250 comprises a first decoupling branch 251 and a second decoupling branch 252. The projection of the first decoupling branch 251 and the third portion 222 in the first direction (e.g. y direction) at least partially overlap. That is, at least part of the decoupling element 250 is disposed between the first portion 221 and the second portion 223. The first end of the second decoupling branch 252 is coupled with the first decoupling branch 251, and the second end of the second decoupling branch 252 is grounded.

[0103] Exemplarily, the decoupling element 250 can be disposed on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210 by printing.

[0104] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, by disposing at least part of the decoupling element 250 between the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 of the radiator 220, the resonant current generated by the first antenna 30 formed by the first coupling element 230 and the radiator 220 when working can be reduced to be coupled to the second coupling element 240 through the second portion 223, and the resonant current generated by the second antenna 40 formed by the second coupling element 240 and the radiator 220 when working can be reduced to be coupled to the first coupling element 230 through the first portion 221. This can reduce the interference between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40, so that the CM mode and the DM mode of the two antennas cancel each other out, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200. In addition, by disposing the decoupling element 250 on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210, the space utilization of the substrate 210 can be improved, and the structure of the antenna structure 200 is more compact, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the antenna structure 200. Further, it is conducive to obtaining a co-aperture dual antenna with high isolation and miniaturization.

[0105] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, along the first direction (e.g. y direction), the projections of the first coupling element 230 and the second coupling element 240 are located on both sides of the projection of the decoupling element 250, and the projections of the first coupling element 230 and the second coupling element 240 are symmetrical along the virtual axis of the projection of the decoupling element 250. That is, along the x direction shown in FIG. 8, the first coupling element 230 and the second coupling element 240 are disposed symmetrically along the virtual axis of the decoupling element 250.

[0106] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the virtual axis of the decoupling element 250 can refer to the central axis of the decoupling element 250. Wherein, the structure on both sides of the central axis of the decoupling element 250 is symmetrical, and the center (e.g. geometric center) of the decoupling element 250 is located on the central axis.

[0107] Based on the above design, the decoupling member 250 can better improve the isolation between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200, thereby improving the communication performance and efficiency of the antenna structure 200.

[0108] In an embodiment, the extension direction of the first decoupling branch 251 is parallel to the extension direction of the third portion 222. This can make the projection of the first decoupling branch 251 and the third portion 222 in the first direction (for example, the y direction) have more overlapping area, thereby making the decoupling member 250 better improve the isolation between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200.

[0109] In an embodiment, in combination with FIGS. 8 to 10, FIGS. 9 and 10 are respectively a bottom structural schematic diagram of another antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the first end of the second decoupling branch 252 is coupled with the central region of the first decoupling branch 251, and the first decoupling branch 251 and the second decoupling branch form any one of a T-shaped structure, an E-shaped structure, and a funnel-shaped structure.

[0110] It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the central region of the first decoupling branch 251 includes the midpoint of the first decoupling branch 251. Based on the above design, the decoupling member 250 can form a symmetrical structure, thereby facilitating the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 to be symmetrically arranged along the virtual axis of the decoupling member 250. In turn, the decoupling member 250 can better improve the isolation between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200, thereby improving the communication performance and efficiency of the antenna structure 200.

[0111] It should also be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the shape structure of the decoupling member 250 described above is only schematic, which can be flexibly adjusted according to actual production and design needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0112] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the antenna structure 200 further includes a ground plate 260. The ground plate 260 is located on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210, and the ground plate 260 is grounded with the second end of the second decoupling branch 252. Moreover, the projection of the ground plate 260 and the decoupling member 250 in the first direction (for example, the y direction) does not overlap. The ground plate 260 can be provided on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210 by printing, for example.

[0113] Based on the above design, it is beneficial to improve the space utilization of the substrate 210, so that the structure of the antenna structure 200 is more compact, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the antenna structure 200.

[0114] It should be understood that the arrangement position of the floor 260 is merely illustrative in the embodiments of the present application. For example, in another embodiment, the projection of the floor 260 and the substrate 210 in the first direction (for example, the y direction) does not overlap. That is, the floor 260 can be located outside the substrate 210. In actual applications, the arrangement position of the floor 260 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual production and design requirements, which is not limited in the present application.

[0115] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 200 further includes a first feeding unit 271 and a second feeding unit 272, as shown in FIG. 2. The first feeding unit 271 is coupled with the first feeding point 2321, and the second feeding unit 272 is coupled with the second feeding point 2421. The first feeding unit is configured to feed an electrical signal to the first feeding point 2321, so that the first antenna 30 formed by the first coupling member 230 and the radiator 220 works. The second feeding unit is configured to feed an electrical signal to the second feeding point 2421, so that the second antenna 40 formed by the second coupling member 240 and the radiator 220 works.

[0116] Exemplarily, the antenna structure 200 further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit. The first matching circuit is coupled between the first feeding unit 271 and the first feeding point 2321 to perform impedance matching. The second matching circuit is coupled between the second feeding unit 272 and the second feeding point 2421 to perform impedance matching. In this way, the antenna structure 200 can have good radiation characteristics.

[0117] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 200 includes the 2.4G frequency band of wireless fidelity (WiFi) or the 5G frequency band of WiFi.

[0118] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the operating frequency band of the first antenna 30 formed by the first coupling member 230 and the radiator 220, and the operating frequency band of the second antenna 40 formed by the second coupling member 240 and the radiator 220 can both include the 2.4G frequency band of WiFi or the 5G frequency band of WiFi.

[0119] FIG. 11 is a simulation result diagram of the S parameter of the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 200 includes the 2.4G frequency band of WiFi. In this embodiment, the S11 of the antenna structure 200 in the 2.4GHz-2.5GHz frequency band is less than -6dB, and the antenna structure 200 has good system efficiency. In addition, in the 2.4G frequency band of WiFi, the S12 of the antenna structure 200 is less than -15dB, indicating that the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200 have good isolation.

[0120] The embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device, which comprises at least one antenna structure 200 described above. The related description about the electronic device can refer to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0121] The above merely provides the specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of the change or replacement within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized by The antenna structure comprises: a substrate; a radiator, at least part of the radiator is located on a first surface of the substrate, the radiator comprises a first part and a second part which are arranged at intervals; a first coupling element and a second coupling element, the first coupling element and the second coupling element are located on the first surface; wherein, the first coupling element comprises a first coupling branch and a second coupling branch, the first coupling branch and the first part are arranged at intervals, a first end of the first coupling branch is coupled with a first end of the second coupling branch, a second end of the first coupling branch is an open end, and the second coupling branch comprises a first feeding point; the second coupling element comprises a third coupling branch and a fourth coupling branch, the third coupling branch and the second part are arranged at intervals, a first end of the third coupling branch is coupled with a first end of the fourth coupling branch, a second end of the third coupling branch is an open end, and the fourth coupling branch comprises a second feeding point.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein, an extension direction of the first coupling branch is parallel to an extension direction of the first part, and an extension direction of the third coupling branch is parallel to an extension direction of the second part.

3. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, the radiator further comprises a third part, the third part is located on the first surface, and a first end of the first part is coupled with a first end of the second part through the third part; the antenna structure further comprises a decoupling element, the decoupling element is located on a second surface of the substrate, the second surface is opposite to and does not contact the first surface; wherein, the decoupling element comprises a first decoupling branch and a second decoupling branch, a projection of the first decoupling branch and the third part in a first direction at least partially overlaps, a first end of the second decoupling branch is coupled with the first decoupling branch, a second end of the second decoupling branch is grounded, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the first surface.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, wherein, in the first direction, projections of the first coupling element and the second coupling element are located on two sides of a projection of the decoupling element, and the projections of the first coupling element and the second coupling element are symmetrical along a virtual axis of the projection of the decoupling element.

5. The antenna structure of claim 3 or 4, characterized in that an extension direction of the first decoupling branch is parallel to an extension direction of the third part.

6. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein, a first end of the second decoupling branch is coupled with a central region of the first decoupling branch, and the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch form any one of a T-shaped structure, an E-shaped structure and a funnel-shaped structure.

7. The antenna structure of any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein, the antenna structure further comprises a ground plate; wherein, the ground plate is located on the second surface, the ground plate is coupled with the second end of the second decoupling branch, and a projection of the ground plate and the decoupling element in the first direction does not overlap.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein, the first part and the second part are located on the first surface, a second end of the first part and a second end of the second part are open ends.

9. The antenna structure of claim 8, wherein, The first coupling branch comprises a strip transmission line and a coaxial transmission line, the coaxial transmission line comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor arranged at intervals; wherein, The first end of the strip transmission line is coupled with the second coupling branch, the second end of the strip transmission line, the second end of the first part, the first end of the inner conductor and the first end of the outer conductor are coupled one by one, and the second end of the inner conductor and the second end of the outer conductor are open ends.

10. The antenna structure of any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein, The substrate comprises a first metal via and a second metal via, the first metal via and the second metal via penetrate the substrate along a first direction, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the first surface; wherein, The first part and the second part are located on a second surface of the substrate, the first end of the first part is coupled with the first end of the third part through the first metal via, the first end of the second part is coupled with the second end of the third part through the second metal via, the second end of the first part and the second end of the second part are open ends, and the second surface is opposite to and does not contact the first surface.

11. The antenna structure of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The second coupling branch has an L-shaped structure.

12. The antenna structure of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The second coupling branch comprises a first sub-branch, a second sub-branch and a third sub-branch; wherein, The first end of the first sub-branch is coupled with the first end of the first coupling branch, the second end of the first sub-branch is coupled with the first end of the second sub-branch, the first feeding point is located at the second end of the second sub-branch, the first end of the third sub-branch is coupled with the central region of the second sub-branch, and the second end of the third sub-branch is an open end.

13. The antenna structure of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit; wherein, The first feeding unit is coupled with the first feeding point, and the first feeding unit is used for feeding an electrical signal into the first feeding point; The second feeding unit is coupled with the second feeding point, and the second feeding unit is used for feeding an electrical signal into the second feeding point.

14. The antenna structure of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, The operating frequency band of the antenna structure comprises a 2.4G frequency band of wireless fidelity (WiFi) or a 5G frequency band of WiFi.

15. An electronic device, comprising: At least one antenna structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14 is included. At least one antenna structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14 is included.

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