Powder for polishing teeth

Abstract

With this powder for polishing teeth, which demonstrates a solubility of 20 mass% or less in water at 20°C, dirt on the tooth surface can be removed even with a smaller powder particle diameter.

Description

Tooth polishing powder

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates to powders for polishing teeth.

[0002] In order to remove stains adhering to teeth (e.g., tooth surfaces), teeth may be cleaned by spraying a mixture containing powder and water onto the teeth.

[0003] Special table 2017-531690 publication Special table 2010-215621 publication

[0004] When using conventional particles to remove stains from tooth surfaces, increasing the particle size increases the abrasive power but also increases the invasiveness, making the tooth surface more susceptible to damage.On the other hand, decreasing the particle size and abrasive power reduces the invasiveness but makes it more difficult to remove stains from the tooth surface.

[0005] The present disclosure aims to provide a powder for polishing teeth that can remove stains from tooth surfaces even when the particle size of the powder is small.

[0006] The present disclosure includes the following aspects: [Item 1] A powder for polishing teeth, having a solubility in water at 20°C of 20% by mass or less. [Item 2] A powder for polishing teeth, having a density of 2.0 g / cm ３ Item 3: The powder according to Item 1, wherein the average particle size is 5 μm to 80 μm. Item 4: The powder according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the compound contains an amino group and a sulfur atom in the molecule. Item 5: The powder according to Item 4, wherein the compound does not contain a carboxyl group in the molecule. Item 6: The powder according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the compound has one or less hydroxyl groups in the molecule. Item 7: A compound represented by the following formula: R Ｓ (-R Ｃ -R Ｎ ) ｎ [In the formula, R Ｎ is -N(R Ｎ１ ) ２ and R Ｎ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a halogen atom, n is an integer of 1 or 2, and R Ｃare each independently a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and R Ｓ When n is 1, -SO ２ R Ｓ１ or -SOR Ｓ１ and R Ｓ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, -OH, or -SH, and when n is 2, it is -S-. [Item 8] The powder according to any one of Items 1 to 6, which is a compound represented by the formula: [Item 8] n is 1, and R Ｎ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R Ｃ is an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R Ｓ is -SO ３ H or -SO ２ H. [Item 9] The powder according to any one of Items 1 to 8, which is aminoethylsulfonic acid. [Item 10] A powder composition for polishing teeth, comprising 1 wt% or more of the powder according to any one of Items 1 to 9. [Item 11] The powder composition according to Item 10, further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids, phosphate compounds, carbonate compounds, calcium compounds, anti-caking agents, bactericides, bioactive glass, and flavorings. [Item 12] The powder composition according to Item 11, wherein the sugar is at least one selected from the group consisting of tagatose, trehalose, palatinose, and rhamnose. [Item 13] The powder composition according to Item 11 or 12, wherein the sugar alcohol is at least one selected from the group consisting of xylitol, erythritol, sorbitol, mannitol, and reduced palatinose. [Item 14] The powder composition according to any one of Items 11 to 13, wherein the anti-caking agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate hydrate, and / or aluminum hydroxide. [Item 15] The powder composition according to Item 14, wherein the silicon dioxide is surface-treated fine particle silica having a primary particle size of 1 to 100 nm.

[0007] The tooth polishing powder of the present disclosure can remove stains from tooth surfaces even when the particle size is smaller than before.

[0008] <Definition of Terms> As used herein, the term "n-valent group" refers to a group having n bonds, that is, a group that forms n bonds.

[0009] As used herein, the term "hydrocarbon group" refers to a group containing carbon and hydrogen, obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from a hydrocarbon. Examples of such hydrocarbon groups include, but are not limited to, aliphatic hydrocarbon groups. The "aliphatic hydrocarbon group" may be linear, branched, or cyclic, and may be saturated or unsaturated. The hydrocarbon group may also contain one or more ring structures. Where explicitly stated, the hydrocarbon group may be substituted with one or more substituents.

[0010] In this specification, when a term (symbol) that may appear multiple times in a chemical structure is defined, that definition applies independently to each occurrence, unless otherwise stated, regardless of whether "each independently" or a similar expression is explicitly stated.

[0011] The chemical structures described herein should be understood not to encompass chemical structures that would be recognized by those skilled in the art as chemically impossible or extremely unstable.

[0012] <Powder for Tooth Polishing> The powder for tooth polishing of the present disclosure (hereinafter also referred to as the powder of the present disclosure) has a solubility in water at 20°C of 20 mass % or less.

[0013] Polishing teeth means brushing and / or scraping the teeth. "Tooth" refers to, for example, the tooth surface. The location of the tooth to be polished includes, for example, the supragingival or subgingival tooth surface.

[0014] By polishing your teeth, you can remove plaque, biofilm, pigmentation, stains, tartar, and other buildup that has accumulated on your teeth.

[0015] In addition to tooth polishing, the powders of the present disclosure can also be used for other abrasive and / or polishing applications within the oral cavity. For example, the powders of the present disclosure can be used to prepare cavities, treat fissures during sealing, remove adhesive residues, remove residual cement, roughen adhesive surfaces, etc. For these applications, the powders of the present disclosure can function as abrasives and / or abrasives for tooth surfaces.

[0016] The powder of the present disclosure may be injected into the gingival sulcus and periodontal pocket using a powder injection device. The powder injection device may be a powder injection device commonly used by those skilled in the art, or a commercially available product. For example, the powder injection device may be a device in which the powder is mixed with air in a powder / air mixing chamber, and then air pressure is applied to the mixture, allowing it to be sprayed toward the target.

[0017] In this regard, the powders of the present disclosure may be powders for injection by a powder injection device onto supragingival or subgingival tooth surfaces, or into the gingival sulcus and periodontal pockets.

[0018] The powder injection device may be a device that injects a mixture of powder with air and water, i.e., a device capable of so-called air polishing. In such a powder injection device, the powder is injected from the nozzle tip together with water flowing out from a separate path, so that the powder is mixed with water on the tooth surface.

[0019] The powder of the present disclosure has a solubility in water of 20% by mass or less at 20°C, which prevents the powder from dissolving excessively in water when sprayed. The powder of the present disclosure is more likely to maintain various particle properties, such as hardness, particle shape, and particle size, even in water. Therefore, all of the powder particles efficiently contact the tooth surface, making it easier to remove stains from the tooth surface. Efficient contact of all of the powder particles with the tooth surface makes it easier to remove stains from the tooth surface, which makes it easier to reduce powder consumption. If the powder does not dissolve at all in water, the powder may remain in the periodontal pocket or oral cavity, so it is preferable that the powder of the present disclosure is water-soluble.

[0020] Because the powder of the present disclosure is not easily dissolved in water, even a powder with a relatively small particle size can easily remain in water and maintain its abrasive and / or grinding power. For this reason, the powder of the present disclosure can remove stains from tooth surfaces even when the particle size is small. A powder with a small particle size is less invasive to the tooth surface and is more likely to reduce the surface roughness of the tooth surface after stain removal. For example, a powder with a small particle size may be suitable for removing adhered stains while minimizing damage to the tooth surface of dentin, which is softer than enamel. It may be particularly suitable for cleaning subgingival dentin.

[0021] Increasing the particle size of the powder of the present disclosure improves the abrasive and / or grinding power, making it easier to remove tooth stains. For example, it makes it easier to remove stubborn stains adhered to tooth enamel. In this regard, by adjusting the particle size while keeping the same components, the powder of the present disclosure can have abrasive and / or grinding power appropriate for the location on the tooth surface (e.g., supragingival or subgingival).

[0022] Conventionally, powders with relatively high solubility, for example, powders with a solubility of more than 20% by mass, have been used for tooth polishing. Because highly soluble powders dissolve easily in water, when sprayed onto tooth surfaces using a powder spraying device, the powder softens, becomes smaller, or disappears upon dissolution in water, which can result in the desired polishing and / or grinding power not being achieved. While excessively large particle size, taking water solubility into consideration, makes it easier to maintain polishing and / or grinding power even in water, it also increases invasiveness and is more likely to cause damage to teeth. Furthermore, such excessively large particle size can have adverse effects, such as clogging within the powder spraying device.

[0023] [Solubility] In the present disclosure, solubility in water at 20°C means solubility in water at a temperature of 20°C and a pH of 7. For example, the solubility of a powder for polishing teeth in water at 20°C of "20% by mass or less" means that 20 g or less of the powder dissolves in 100 ml of water at a temperature of 20°C and a pH of 7. "n% by mass or less" may be rephrased as "ng / 100 ml or less."

[0024] The solubility in water at 20°C can be determined as follows: 50 g of water is added to five times the expected amount of powder, and the mixture is sealed and mixed using a shaker at a test temperature of 20°C for 24 hours. The mixed test solution is centrifuged to recover the supernatant, and the weight of the powder contained in the supernatant is measured by the dry weight method, thereby determining the solubility in water at 20°C.

[0025] The solubility of the tooth-polishing powder in water at 20°C may be 20% by mass or less, 18% by mass or less, 16% by mass or less, 14% by mass or less, 12% by mass or less, or 10% by mass or less, or may be 0.1% by mass or more, 0.5% by mass or more, 1% by mass or more, 2% by mass or more, 3% by mass or more, 4% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, 6% by mass or more, or 7% by mass or more, for example, 1% by mass or more to 20% by mass or less, preferably 3% by mass or more to 15% by mass or less, and more preferably 5% by mass or more to 12% by mass or less. The solubility in water at 20°C may be adjusted from the viewpoint of better removing stains from the tooth surface and / or making the powder less likely to agglomerate.

[0026] Density In one embodiment, the density of the powder of the present disclosure is 2.0 g / cm ３ Below, 1.9g / cm ３ Below, 1.8g / cm ３ or less, or 1.7 g / cm ３ or less, and 1.0 g / cm ３ Above, 1.2g / cm ３ Above, 1.3g / cm ３ Above, 1.4g / cm ３ Above, 1.5g / cm ３ or more, or 1.6 g / cm ３ If the density is in this range, it is easy to maintain cleaning power (abrasive power) while suppressing invasiveness to tooth structure. ３ If the density is larger than 1.0 g / cm, the impact force on the tooth surface will increase, and the invasiveness to the tooth structure may become high. ３ If it is smaller than this, the impact force on the tooth surface will be small, which may result in insufficient cleaning power (polishing power).

[0027] [Particle Size] (Average Particle Size (D50)) In one embodiment, the average particle size (D50) of the powder of the present disclosure may be 5 μm to 80 μm. For example, the average particle size (D50) of the powder of the present disclosure may be 5 μm or more, 6 μm or more, 8 μm or more, 10 μm or more, 12 μm or more, 15 μm or more, 20 μm or more, 25 μm or more, 30 μm or more, 35 μm or more, 40 μm or more, 50 μm or more, or 60 μm or more, or 80 μm or less, 75 μm or less, 70 μm or less, 65 μm or less, 60 μm or less, 55 μm or less, 50 μm or less, 40 μm or less, 30 μm or less, 20 μm or less, 17 μm or less, 15 μm or less, or 14 μm or less.

[0028] The average particle size (D50) may be adjusted appropriately depending on the part of the tooth surface to be cleaned. For example, when the powder of the present disclosure is sprayed onto a subgingival tooth surface, gingival sulcus, or gingival pocket, the average particle size (D50) may be 5 μm or more and 40 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less, and more preferably 15 μm or more and 20 μm or less. For example, when the powder of the present disclosure is sprayed onto a supragingival tooth surface, the average particle size (D50) may be 40 μm or more and 80 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or more and 75 μm or less, and more preferably 60 μm or more and 70 μm or less.

[0029] The average particle size (D50) of the powder can be measured using a laser diffraction / scattering method. That is, the average particle size (D50) is the integrated value of the 50% particle size from the smallest end of the particle size distribution obtained by the laser diffraction / scattering method. The average particle size (D50) of the powder of the present disclosure may also be determined by a dry particle size measurement method.

[0030] (D10) In one embodiment, in the particle size distribution of the powder of the present disclosure, D10 (μm) may be 0.1 μm or more, 0.5 μm or more, 1 μm or more, 2 μm or more, or 3 μm or more, and may be 10 μm or less, 8 μm or less, 6 μm or less, 5 μm or less, or 4 μm or less.

[0031] D10 (μm) is the particle size at which the cumulative particle volume from the small particle size side reaches 10% of the total particle volume in the particle size distribution determined by a laser diffraction / scattering method. D10 (μm) refers to the above-mentioned specified particle size when the cumulative frequency obtained by accumulating the frequencies from the smallest particle size of the powder to the specified particle size is 10%.

[0032] (D90) In one embodiment, in the particle size distribution of the powder of the present disclosure, D90 (μm) may be 20 μm or more, 25 μm or more, 30 μm or more, 33 μm or more, 35 μm or more, 37 μm or more, 39 μm or more, or 41 μm or more, and may be 80 μm or less, 70 μm or less, 60 μm or less, 55 μm or less, 50 μm or less, or 47 μm or less.

[0033] D90 (μm) is the particle size at which the cumulative particle volume from the small particle size side reaches 90% of the total particle volume in the particle size distribution determined by a laser diffraction / scattering method. D90 (μm) refers to the above-mentioned specified particle size when the cumulative frequency obtained by accumulating the frequencies from the smallest particle size of the powder to a specified particle size is 90%.

[0034] [Compound Structure] The powder of the present disclosure may be a compound containing an amino group and a sulfur atom in the molecule.

[0035] (Amino group) The amino group in a molecule means a monovalent functional group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from ammonia, a primary amine, or a secondary amine. Specifically, the amino group is —NH ２ , -NHR １ , -NR １ R ２ means R １ and R ２ may each be a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a halogen atom.

[0036] The number of amino groups in a molecule is not particularly limited and may be one or more, two or more, or three or more, and may be five or less, four or less, or three or less, preferably one.

[0037] (Sulfur atom) The sulfur atom in the molecule may be, for example, a group containing a sulfur atom in the molecule. The valence of the sulfur atom in the powder of the present disclosure may be any valence that a sulfur atom can have, for example, divalent, tetravalent, or hexavalent. In other words, the powder of the present disclosure may have at least one sulfur atom selected from the group consisting of divalent sulfur atoms, tetravalent sulfur atoms, and hexavalent sulfur atoms.

[0038] The divalent sulfur atom may be a sulfide bond (-S-), a disulfide bond (-S-S-), or the like.

[0039] The tetravalent sulfur atom may be a sulfine group (-S(=O)-OM, where M is a hydrogen atom or a metal ion such as Na).

[0040] A hexavalent sulfur atom is a sulfo group (-S(=O) ２ -OM, where M is a hydrogen atom or a metal ion such as Na).

[0041] The number of sulfur atoms in the molecule is not particularly limited and may be 1 or more, 2 or more, or 3 or more, and may be 5 or less, 4 or less, or 3 or less, and is preferably 1.

[0042] (Carboxyl group) In one embodiment, the powder of the present disclosure may be a compound that does not contain a carboxyl group in the molecule. A compound that does not contain a carboxyl group in the molecule means a compound that does not contain —COOH. Not containing a carboxyl group in the molecule makes it easier to achieve a solubility of the powder in water at 20°C of 20% by mass or less.

[0043] In one embodiment, the powder of the present disclosure may be a compound other than an amino acid. Note that, in this disclosure, an amino acid refers to a compound having both a carboxyl group and an amino group. A group having only one of a carboxyl group and an amino group is a compound other than an amino acid.

[0044] (Number of Hydroxyl Groups) In one embodiment, the powder of the present disclosure may be a compound having one or less hydroxyl groups in the molecule. A compound having one or less hydroxyl groups in the molecule means a compound having one -OH group in the molecule or a compound having no -OH groups. When the number of hydroxyl groups in the molecule is one or less, the hygroscopicity of the powder tends to be low, and tooth stains are more easily removed. The powder of the present disclosure may have hydroxyl groups, but from the viewpoint of reducing the hygroscopicity of the powder, it is preferable that the powder does not have hydroxyl groups.

[0045] In one embodiment, the powder of the present disclosure may be a compound other than a sugar. In the present disclosure, a sugar is a compound having two or more hydroxyl groups, such as glyceraldehyde, glucose, and mannose. In the present disclosure, a sugar may include a monosaccharide, a disaccharide, a trisaccharide, and a polysaccharide.

[0046] In one embodiment, the powder of the present disclosure may be a compound other than a sugar alcohol. The sugar alcohol of the present disclosure is a compound formed by converting the carbonyl group of an aldose or ketose, such as alditol, specifically erythritol, xylitol, mannitol, etc.

[0047] The powders of the present disclosure may be compounds having a molecular weight of 80 or more, 90 or more, 100 or more, 110 or more, or 120 or more, and 300 or less, 250 or less, 200 or less, 170 or less, 150 or less, 140 or less, or 130 or less.

[0048] In one embodiment, the powder of the present disclosure has the following formula: Ｓ (-R Ｃ -R Ｎ ) ｎ [In the formula, R Ｎ is -N(R Ｎ１ ) ２ and R Ｎ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a halogen atom, n is an integer of 1 or 2, and R Ｃare each independently a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and R Ｓ When n is 1, -SO ２ R Ｓ１ or -SOR Ｓ１ and R Ｓ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, —OH, or —SH, and when n is 2, it is —S—.

[0049] (R Ｎ ) R Ｎ is -N(R Ｎ１ ) ２ and R Ｎ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a halogen atom. Ｎ is a group having a nitrogen atom and may correspond to an amino group.

[0050] R Ｎ In the formula (I), the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, which may have a substituent, may be a hydrocarbon group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, which may have a substituent, and preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 carbon atom (i.e., a methyl group), which may have a substituent.

[0051] R Ｎ In the formula (I), the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent may be an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.

[0052] R Ｎ In the formula (I), the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms may have a substituent, but is preferably unsubstituted. Examples of the substituent include -OR', -N(R') ２ , —COOR′, and halogen atoms (wherein R′ is independently in each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or 1 carbon atom). The substituent may or may not have an active hydrogen. The number of substituents may be 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, or 0.

[0053] R ＮIn the formula (I), the halogen atom may be, for example, F, Cl, Br, or I, and is preferably Cl.

[0054] R Ｎ are each independently preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and even more preferably a hydrogen atom.

[0055] (R Ｃ ) R Ｃ R are each independently a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Ｃ is a portion that can contribute to the hydrophobicity of the powder, and by making the number of carbon atoms 1 to 5, it becomes easier to reduce the hygroscopicity of the powder.

[0056] R Ｃ In the formula (I), the divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may have a substituent may be a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, preferably a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 carbon atom which may have a substituent (i.e., a methylene group).

[0057] R Ｃ In the formula (I), the divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, which may have a substituent, may be an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, which may have a substituent.

[0058] R Ｃ In the formula (I), the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms may have a substituent, but is preferably unsubstituted. Examples of the substituent include -OR', -N(R') ２ , —COOR′, and halogen atoms (wherein R′ is independently in each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or 1 carbon atom). The substituent may or may not have an active hydrogen. The number of substituents may be 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, or 0.

[0059] (R Ｓ ) R Ｓ When n is 1, -SO ２ R Ｓ１ or -SOR Ｓ１ and R Ｓ１are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, -OH, or -SH, and when n is 2, it is -S-.

[0060] n is R Ｓ binds to (-R Ｃ -R Ｎ ) n is 1 or 2, preferably 1.

[0061] When n is 1, R Ｓ is -SO ２ R Ｓ１ or -SOR Ｓ１ It is. Ｓ is preferably —SO ２ R Ｓ１ is.

[0062] R Ｓ１ In the formula (I), the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, which may have a substituent, may be a hydrocarbon group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, which may have a substituent, and preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 carbon atom (i.e., a methyl group), which may have a substituent.

[0063] R Ｓ１ In the formula (I), the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent may be an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.

[0064] R Ｓ１ In the formula (I), the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms may have a substituent, but is preferably unsubstituted. Examples of the substituent include -OR', -N(R') ２ , —COOR′, and halogen atoms (wherein R′ is independently in each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or 1 carbon atom). The substituent may or may not have an active hydrogen. The number of substituents may be 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, or 0.

[0065] R Ｓ１ is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, -OH, or -SH, more preferably -OH or -SH, and even more preferably -OH.

[0066] R Ｓ１is —OH, then —OH may be —OM, where M is an alkali metal, for example, Na (sodium).

[0067] When n is 2, it is -S-. That is, when n is 2, R Ｓ (-R Ｃ -R Ｎ ) ｎ is R Ｎ -R Ｃ -S-R Ｃ -R Ｎ is.

[0068] When n is 2, R Ｃ are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or —CHR Ｃ１ -R Ｃ２ - [wherein, R Ｃ１ is an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R Ｃ２ is —COOH.

[0069] In one preferred embodiment, n is 1 and R Ｎ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R Ｃ is an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R Ｓ is -SO ３ H or -SO ２ It's H.

[0070] In a more preferred embodiment, R Ｎ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom; Ｃ is an ethylene group, R Ｓ is -SO ３ It's H.

[0071] [Specific Compounds] Examples of powders of the present disclosure include taurine (also known as aminoethylsulfonic acid), homotaurine (also known as 3-aminopropiosulfonic acid), hypotaurine (2-aminoethanesulfinic acid), thiotaurine (also known as 2-aminoethanethiosulfonic acid), N-methyltaurine, sodium N-methyltaurate, and taurine chloramine.

[0072] From the viewpoints of low moisture absorption and ease of removing tooth stains, the powder of the present disclosure is preferably taurine, homotaurine, or N-methyltaurine, with taurine being more preferred. Powders of these compounds have lower moisture absorption, making them less likely to clump. Powders that are less likely to clump tend to maintain powder properties such as powder flowability, especially even after long-term storage. While introducing agglomerated powder into the chamber of an injector can cause clogging inside the machine, powders such as taurine are less likely to clump, making such clogging less likely to occur.

[0073] Among the specific compounds listed above, for example, taurine has an amino group but no carboxyl group. Therefore, taurine is a compound different from amino acids. Other compounds are also different from amino acids unless they have both an amino group and a carboxyl group.

[0074] The powder of the present disclosure may be a powder obtained by extraction from naturally occurring components, or may be a powder obtained through chemical synthesis.

[0075] In one embodiment, the taurine may be natural taurine extracted from naturally occurring ingredients or synthetic taurine. The natural taurine may be, for example, an extract from seafood or may be taurine that complies with food additive regulations. The synthetic taurine may be, for example, taurine obtained by chemically reacting a taurine raw material such as methionine.

[0076] Another advantage of the powder of the present disclosure is that it is less sticky (adhesive). A less sticky powder is less likely to clump, making it less likely to clog inside the powder sprayer. Furthermore, a less sticky powder makes cleaning easier after use, which is expected to reduce discomfort experienced by patients after treatment. In particular, compounds such as taurine listed above under [Specific Compounds] tend to be less sticky, and therefore more likely to exhibit the above advantages.

[0077] <Powder Composition for Tooth Polishing> The powder composition of the present disclosure includes the powder described above in <Powder for Tooth Polishing>. The powder composition contains 1 wt % or more of the powder of the present disclosure.

[0078] [Amount of powder for polishing teeth] In one embodiment, the powder composition may comprise greater than 1 wt. % of the powder of the present disclosure, 2 wt. % or more, 3 wt. % or more, 5 wt. % or more, 7 wt. % or more, 10 wt. % or more, 12 wt. % or more, 15 wt. % or more, 20 wt. % or more, 25 wt. % or more, 30 wt. % or more, 35 wt. % or more, 45 wt. % or more, 50 wt. % or more, 60 wt. % or more, 70 wt. % or more, 80 wt. % or more, 90 wt. % or more, 95 wt. % or more, or 97 wt. % or more, and 99.9 wt. % or less, 99 wt. % or less, 90 wt. % or less, 85 wt. % or less, 80 wt. % or less, 75 wt. % or less, 70 wt. % or less, 65 wt. % or less, 60 wt. % or less, 55 wt. % or less, 50 wt. % or less, 45 wt. % or less, 40 wt. % or less, 35 wt. % or less, 30 wt. % or less, 25 wt. % or less, or 20 wt. % or less.

[0079] In one embodiment, the powder composition of the present disclosure may have an average particle size (D50) of 5 μm to 80 μm. For example, the powder composition of the present disclosure may have an average particle size (D50) of 5 μm or more, 6 μm or more, 8 μm or more, 10 μm or more, 12 μm or more, 15 μm or more, 20 μm or more, 25 μm or more, 30 μm or more, 35 μm or more, 40 μm or more, 50 μm or more, or 60 μm or more, or 80 μm or less, 75 μm or less, 70 μm or less, 65 μm or less, 60 μm or less, 55 μm or less, 50 μm or less, 40 μm or less, 30 μm or less, 20 μm or less, 17 μm or less, 15 μm or less, or 14 μm or less.

[0080] If the average particle size (D50) is less than the above range, the fluidity of the powder composition according to this embodiment will be poor, and the powder will not be uniformly mixed with the air in the powder / air mixing chamber attached to the powder injection device, which may result in clogging inside the powder / air mixing chamber attached to the powder injection device, at the connecting parts through which the powder flows to the injection nozzle, and in the injection nozzle, and there is a risk of problems such as uneven and unstable injection from the injection nozzle onto the tooth surface.

[0081] If the particle size is small, the impact force will be low, making it difficult to obtain satisfactory results in terms of the ability to remove tartar and plaque that has hardened on the tooth surface.If the average particle size (D50) exceeds the above range, the impact force will also increase as the particle size becomes larger, which is undesirable because it will damage the tooth surface after removing the hardened tartar and plaque.

[0082] The powder composition of the present disclosure may further contain additional components described below in addition to the powder described above in <Powder for tooth polishing>, in order to further improve the flowability of the powder, the stain removal power, etc.

[0083] [Additional Components] The powder composition according to this embodiment may contain additional components. The additional components are at least one selected from the group consisting of sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids, phosphate compounds, carbonate compounds, calcium compounds, anti-caking agents, bactericides, bioactive glass, and flavorings. The additional components may also be mixtures thereof.

[0084] (Sugars) Any sugars can be used as long as they are in powder form at room temperature, regardless of the powder form. Examples of sugars include monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, and polysaccharides, and mixtures thereof can also be used without any restrictions. By including sugars in the powder composition, tooth surface stains can be more easily removed while reducing damage to the tooth surface (especially dentin).

[0085] Specific examples of monosaccharides among these sugars include aldoses, which have one aldehyde group (—CHO) at the terminal of the chain structure of the molecule; ketoses, which have one ketone group (═CO) in the chain structure of the molecule; and deoxysaccharides in which one hydroxy group in the molecule has been reduced and replaced with a hydrogen atom.

[0086] Examples of aldoses include, but are not limited to, glyceraldehyde, arabinose, lyxose, allose, altrose, glucose, and mannose.

[0087] Examples of ketoses include, but are not limited to, dihydroxyacetone, psicose, fructose, sorbose, and tagatose.

[0088] Examples of deoxy sugars include, but are not limited to, deoxyribose, fucose, and rhamnose.

[0089] Specific examples of disaccharides include, but are not limited to, sucrose, lactose, maltose, trehalose, turanose, cellobiose, and palatinose. Among these, from the viewpoint of emphasizing the suppression of dental caries onset, the disaccharides may be, for example, lactose, maltose, trehalose, turanose, cellobiose, and palatinose, and preferably trehalose and palatinose.

[0090] There are no limitations on trisaccharides or polysaccharides (more specifically, oligosaccharides of trisaccharides or more), and any oligosaccharides can be used. Note that some of the above-mentioned saccharides have asymmetric carbon atoms in the molecule and exist as stereoisomers, and all of these are included in the names given.

[0091] From the viewpoint of prioritizing cost reduction, the sugar may be, for example, a sugar that occurs abundantly in nature or a sugar that can be industrially produced. From the viewpoint of prioritizing cost reduction and also prioritizing the ability to inhibit the onset of dental caries (anti-caries-inducing activity), the sugar may be, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of trehalose, tagatose, rhamnose, and palatinose.

[0092] (Sugar Alcohol) Any sugar alcohol can be used as long as it is in powder (solid) form, regardless of the powder form. Examples of sugar alcohols include monosaccharides and disaccharides, and mixtures thereof can also be used without any restrictions. By including a sugar alcohol in the powder composition, tooth surface stains can be more easily removed while reducing damage to the tooth surface (especially dentin).

[0093] Among these sugar alcohols, monosaccharides include, for example, sugar alcohols produced by reducing the carbonyl group of the monosaccharide aldoses or ketoses described above as sugars. Specific examples of monosaccharide sugar alcohols called alditols (sugar alcohols formed by reducing aldoses, which are sugars having an aldehyde group (-CHO) in the chain structure of the molecule, to form a hydromethyl group) include, but are not limited to, erythritol, threitol, ribitol, xylitol, arabinitol, glucitol (sorbitol), and mannitol.

[0094] Specific examples of disaccharide sugar alcohols (i.e., sugar alcohols obtained by reducing disaccharides, which are sugars) include, but are not limited to, lactitol, maltitol, and reduced palatinose.

[0095] Some of the above sugar alcohols have asymmetric carbon atoms in the molecule and exist as stereoisomers, but all of these are included in the names given.

[0096] Among these, from the viewpoint of cost reduction, the sugar alcohol may be, for example, a sugar alcohol that occurs abundantly in nature or a sugar alcohol that can be industrially produced. From the viewpoint of cost reduction as well as cariogenicity, for example, erythritol, xylitol, glucitol (sorbitol), mannitol, maltitol, reduced palatinose, etc. may be used, and erythritol, mannitol, and reduced palatinose may be preferred.

[0097] Of these, the sugar alcohol may more preferably be erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, or reduced palatinose.

[0098] Reduced palatinose is also known as isomalt, reduced isomaltulose, or palatinit. The precursor, palatinose, has a reducing group on the fructose moiety in the molecule. The α-1,6-glucosidic bond is stable and hydrolysis does not occur under water-added conditions, allowing the reaction to be completed while maintaining the basic molecular structure of the disaccharide. Therefore, reduced palatinose can be an equimolar mixture of α-D-glucopyranosyl-1,6-mannitol and its stereoisomer, α-D-glucopyranosyl-1,6-sorbitol, as the final product. Reduced palatinose is the most preferred sugar alcohol because it has properties intermediate between the two.

[0099] (Amino Acids) Any amino acid can be used as long as it is in powder (solid) form, regardless of the powder form. Examples of amino acids include acidic amino acids having two carboxyl groups in the molecule, basic amino acids having two or more amino groups in the molecule, and neutral amino acids having characteristic groups (more specifically, hydroxyl groups, amide groups, and aromatic groups), moieties (more specifically, alkyl chains, etc.) or atoms (more specifically, sulfur atoms) other than carboxyl groups and amino groups in the molecule, and mixtures thereof can also be used without any restrictions. By including amino acids in the powder composition, tooth surface stains can be more easily removed while reducing damage to the tooth surface (especially dentin).

[0100] Examples of amino acids having two carboxyl groups and exhibiting acidity include aspartic acid and glutamic acid.

[0101] Examples of amino acids that have two or more amino groups and exhibit basic properties include lysine, arginine, and histidine.

[0102] Examples of neutral amino acids having an alkyl chain include glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, and isoleucine.

[0103] Examples of amino acids that have a hydroxy group and exhibit neutrality include serine and threonine.

[0104] Examples of amino acids containing a sulfur atom and exhibiting neutrality include cysteine ​​and methionine.

[0105] Examples of amino acids that have an amide group and exhibit neutrality include asparagine and glutamine.

[0106] An example of an amino acid having an imino group and exhibiting neutrality is proline.

[0107] Examples of amino acids having an aromatic group include, but are not limited to, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and the like.

[0108] Some of the above amino acids have asymmetric carbon atoms in the molecule and exist as stereoisomers, but all of these are included in the names given.

[0109] Among these, the amino acid may be, for example, an essential amino acid that cannot be synthesized in the body of an animal, such as histidine, tryptophan, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, and glycine.

[0110] (Phosphate Compound) Any phosphate compound can be used as long as it is in powder (solid) form, regardless of its form. Examples of phosphate compounds include tricalcium phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium hydroxide phosphate (synthetic hydroxyapatite), etc., and mixtures thereof can also be used without any problems, but are not limited to these. By including a phosphate compound in the powder composition, it becomes easier to remove stains from the tooth surface while reducing damage to the tooth surface (especially dentin).

[0111] Among these, the phosphate compound may be, for example, calcium hydroxide phosphate (synthetic hydroxyapatite) which is composed of the same components as natural hydroxyapatite contained in tooth enamel and dentin.

[0112] (Carbonate Compound) Any carbonate compound can be used as long as it is in powder (solid) form. Examples of carbonate compounds include heavy calcium carbonate (natural calcium carbonate), light calcium carbonate (more specifically, synthetic calcium carbonate, precipitated calcium carbonate, etc.), calcium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), sodium carbonate, etc., and mixtures thereof can also be used without any restrictions, but are not limited to these. By including a carbonate compound in the powder composition, stains on the tooth surface can be more easily removed while reducing damage to the tooth surface (especially dentin).

[0113] The heavy calcium carbonate may be obtained by crushing and / or classifying limestone, which is calcium carbonate. The light calcium carbonate may be obtained by precipitating fine crystals in a liquid through a chemical reaction.

[0114] The carbonate compound may be, for example, sodium bicarbonate (sodium bicarbonate), which has been used as a powder raw material in conventional powder sprayers.

[0115] (Calcium Compound) Any calcium compound can be used as long as it is in powder (solid) form, regardless of its form. Examples of calcium compounds include, but are not limited to, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide (slaked lime), and calcium fluoride. By including a calcium compound in the powder composition, tooth surface stains can be more easily removed while reducing damage to the tooth surface (especially dentin).

[0116] Among these, it is preferable to use calcium fluoride, which can strengthen tooth structure by fluoridating natural hydroxyapatite contained in tooth enamel and dentin.

[0117] Anti-caking agents are known in the art of spray powders and may be added to inhibit agglomeration of the powder composition and / or to modify the flowability of the powder composition. In this regard, the anti-caking agent may be referred to as a flowability modifier. The addition of an anti-caking agent makes the powder composition less likely to agglomerate and less likely to clog the nozzles of the spray equipment.

[0118] The anti-caking agent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate hydrate and / or aluminum hydroxide.

[0119] The anti-caking agent may be in the form of fine particles from the viewpoint of suppressing aggregation. The particle size of the anti-caking agent may be 0.01 nm or more, 0.1 nm or more, 1 nm or more, 10 nm or more, 50 nm or more, 100 nm or more, 200 nm or more, 300 nm or more, or 500 nm or more, or may be 1000 nm or less, 900 nm or less, 800 nm or less, 700 nm or less, 500 nm or less, or 300 nm or less.

[0120] (Bactericide) As the bactericide, specifically, triclosan; chlorhexidine; copper salt, zinc salt and tin (II) salt, for example, zinc citrate, zinc sulfate, zinc glycinate, zinc sodium citrate, tin (II) pyrophosphate, etc.; metronidazole; quaternary ammonium compounds; biguanides, for example, chlorhexidine digluconate, etc.; hexetidine; cetylpyridinium chloride; octenidine; alexidine.Bactericide can generally be a substance with antibacterial activity.Also, natural substances or parts thereof, or substances or parts thereof derived from natural substances or microorganisms can be used in the use / composition according to the present invention.For example, Lactobacillus bacteria or fragments thereof can be used, and these can be live bacteria.

[0121] (Bioactive Glass) Bioactive glass is glass that can interact with biological tissue, and may be glass that can bond with biological tissue such as teeth, bones, etc. The bioactive glass is not particularly limited, but any powdered (solid) bioactive glass can be used regardless of its form.

[0122] (Fragrances) Examples of fragrances include musk, lemon oil, 1-heptanol, α-methyl ionone, aldehyde C-10, aldehyde C-11, aldehyde C-9, allyl heptanoate, anisaldehyde, benzaldehyde, benzacetate, benzyl acetate, butyl propionate, cedar leaf oil, cedrol, cedryl acetate, cinnamic alcohol, cinnamon leaf, citronella oil, citronellal, glove bud oil, cyclamen aldehyde, ethyl butyrate, ethyl caproate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl propionate, eucalyptus oil, eugenol, farnesol, geraniol, hep Cetyl aldehyde, heptyl formate, hexyl acetate, hydrotropic aldehyde, isobornyl acetate, isoamyl formate, limonene, linalool, linalyl acetate, methylheptenone, nonyl aldehyde, organum oil, p-cresyl acetate, p-methylacetophenone, phenylacetaldehyde, propyl propionate, spearmint oil, terpenyl acetate, linalool, tetrahydrolinalool, thymol, isobornyl acetate, alpha-ionone, beta-ionone, acetylcedrene, acetyleugenol, C-10 alcohol, C-11 undecylenic alcohol, C-12 alcohol, C-14 aldehyde , aldehyde C-18, anise alcohol, anisyl acetate, benzyl benzoate, benzyl isovalerate, benzyl salicylate, cinnamyl acetate, citronellol, citronellyl isobutyrate, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, coumarin, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl vanillin, geranyl isobutyrate, geranyl tiglate, heliotropin, hexyl cinnamic aldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, indole, isoamyl cinnamic aldehyde, isoamyl salicylate, jasmone, methyl anthranilate, methyl cinnamate, muscone, musk ketone, nerolidol, pentalide, phenylacetic acid, lavender oil, menthol, vanillin, etc. These fragrances can be used alone or in combination.

[0123] [Particle size] Additional components can be classified into organic powders and inorganic powders. Organic powders include sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids, fragrances, disinfectants, etc. Inorganic powders include phosphate compounds, carbonate compounds, calcium compounds, anti-caking agents, disinfectants, etc. Whether an additional component falls into the category of organic powder or inorganic powder may be classified based on the common technical knowledge of a person skilled in the art and the structure, properties, etc. of the additional component.

[0124] These classified powders have different hardnesses of material, so even if they have the same particle size, the impact force when removing tartar and plaque that have adhered to the tooth surface will vary, which may affect the removability of tartar and plaque that have adhered to the tooth surface and the damage that they cause to the tooth surface. Therefore, from the perspective of prioritizing the improvement of the removability and low abrasiveness of the powder composition, an appropriate particle size can be selected depending on the type of powder classified.

[0125] The organic powder may be a softer material with lower hardness than the inorganic powder. The average particle size (D50) of the organic powder may be, for example, 0.1 to 200.0 μm, preferably 1.0 to 100.0 μm, more preferably 5.0 to 80.0 μm, even more preferably 10.0 to 50.0 μm, and particularly preferably 12.0 to 35.0 μm.

[0126] The inorganic powder may be a harder material having a higher hardness than the organic powder. The average particle size (D50) of the inorganic powder may be, for example, 0.1 to 100.0 μm, preferably 1.0 to 80.0 μm, more preferably 5.0 to 70.0 μm, even more preferably 10.0 to 70.0 μm, and particularly preferably 30.0 to 70.0 μm.

[0127] [Amount of additional ingredients] In one embodiment, the powder composition may include more than 1 wt.% of the additional component, 2 wt.% or more, 3 wt.% or more, 5 wt.% or more, 7 wt.% or more, 10 wt.% or more, 12 wt.% or more, 15 wt.% or more, 20 wt.% or more, 25 wt.% or more, 30 wt.% or more, 35 wt.% or more, 45 wt.% or more, 50 wt.% or more, 60 wt.% or more, 70 wt.% or more, 80 wt.% or more, 90 wt.% or more, 95 wt.% or more, or 97 wt.% or more, and 99.9 wt.% or less, 95 wt.% or less, 90 wt.% or less, 85 wt.% or less, 80 wt.% or less, 75 wt.% or less, 70 wt.% or less, 65 wt.% or less, 60 wt.% or less, 55 wt.% or less, 50 wt.% or less, 45 wt.% or less, 40 wt.% or less, 35 wt.% or less, 30 wt.% or less, 25 wt.% or less, or 20 wt.% or less.

[0128] (Surface-treated particulate silica) The silicon dioxide used as the anti-caking agent described above may be surface-treated particulate silica. By including surface-treated particulate silica in the powder composition, the powder properties such as flowability of the powder composition can be improved.

[0129] Surface-treated fine particle silica refers to fine particle silica in which the surface of the silica fine particles has been treated with an organic compound, etc., thereby modifying the silica surface with a specific organic group. Such organic groups are not particularly limited, but examples thereof include alkyl groups, methacrylic groups, amino groups, mercapto groups, vinyl groups, etc.

[0130] The organic compound used for the surface treatment of the fine silica particles is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a silane compound capable of undergoing a condensation reaction with OH groups on the silica surface. Such a silane compound is a compound having at least one of the organic groups exemplified above.

[0131] Examples of organic compounds used for surface treatment of finely divided silica particles include silane compounds having an alkyl group such as dimethyldichlorosilane, trimethylchlorosilane, and hexamethyldisilazane; silane compounds having a methacryl group such as 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; silane compounds having an amino group such as 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; silane compounds having a mercapto group such as 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane; and silane compounds having a vinyl group such as vinyltrimethoxysilane and vinyltriethoxysilane.

[0132] The surface-treated fine particle silica may be a commercially available product, such as Aerosil R812S (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), Aerosil R711 (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), or Aerosil R504 (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.).

[0133] (Hydrophobicized Fine Particle Silica) The surface-treated fine particle silica may be hydrophobicized fine particle silica from the viewpoint of further suppressing aggregation and / or further improving flowability.

[0134] The hydrophobized particulate silica inhibits aggregation and / or improves flowability of the powder composition. Any hydrophobized particulate silica can be used without any limitation as long as it is obtained by subjecting fine silica particles having primary particles of 0.01 to 1000 nm in size, either in the form of primary particles or processed into aggregated or agglomerated particles, to surface treatment with an organic compound to make them hydrophobic.

[0135] The primary particles of the finely divided silica may be 0.01 nm or more, 0.1 nm or more, 1 nm or more, 10 nm or more, 50 nm or more, 100 nm or more, 200 nm or more, 300 nm or more, or 500 nm or more, or 1000 nm or less, 900 nm or less, 800 nm or less, 700 nm or less, 500 nm or less, or 300 nm or less, for example, 0.01 to 1000 nm, 1 to 100 nm, or 5 to 20 nm.

[0136] There are no particular limitations on the method for producing the fine particle silica, and fine particle silica produced by any method can be used, including a dry method (high-temperature hydrolysis method) for producing dry silica using silicon tetrachloride or the like as a raw material, a wet method for producing precipitated silica using water glass or the like as a raw material, and a sol-gel method for producing sol-gel silica using an alkoxide compound or the like as a raw material. There is also no limitation on mixed fine particle silica produced by mixing silicas produced by different methods.

[0137] There is no particular limitation on the crystallinity of the fine particle silica, and it may be crystalline, amorphous, or a mixture of these. It is preferable to use amorphous fine particle silica produced by a dry method, which is obtained by processing fine silica particles having primary particles of 1 to 100 nm into aggregated particles or agglomerated particles.

[0138] The specific surface area of ​​the fine particle silica that has been made into aggregated particles or agglomerated particles by the above processing, as measured by the BET method, is, for example, 20 to 400 (m ２ / g), and preferably 50 to 300 (m ２ / g), and more preferably 100 to 300 (m ２ These fine particle silica particles can be used alone or in combination.

[0139] The finely divided silica may be made hydrophobic by surface treatment with an organic compound. There is no limitation on the organic compound, and any organic compound can be used as long as it can be made hydrophobic.

[0140] By treating the surface of fine particle silica with an organic compound, the hydrophilic surface characteristic of the fine particle silica can be modified to hydrophobicity, but the degree of hydrophobicity varies depending on conditions such as the surface treatment method and the amount of organic compound used for surface treatment.

[0141] Regarding the definition of hydrophobicity, in this embodiment, when hydrophobized fine particle silica is added to water, the fine particle silica is considered to be hydrophobized if it floats even slightly on the surface of the water. There are no limitations on the organic compound that can be used for this hydrophobization treatment, but it is preferable to use a silane compound that can undergo a condensation reaction with the OH groups on the surface of the fine particle silica.

[0142] Examples of hydrophobic treatments include dimethylsilylation, trimethylsilylation, alkylsilylation, trialkylsilylation, dimethylpolysiloxane conversion, aminoalkylsilylation, methacrylsilylation, and methacrylalkylsilylation.

[0143] Among these, hydrophobization treatment by dialkylsilylation or trialkylsilylation is preferred, hydrophobization treatment by dimethylsilylation or trimethylsilylation is more preferred, and hydrophobization treatment by trimethylsilylation is even more preferred. Specifically, the particulate silica is preferably dimethylsilylated particulate silica and / or trimethylsilylated particulate silica.

[0144] Specific examples of silane compounds that can be used for the hydrophobic treatment include dimethyldichlorosilane, trimethylchlorosilane, and hexamethyldisilazane. These hydrophobic fine particle silica particles can be used alone or in combination. Furthermore, hydrophobic fine particle silica particles that have been further granulated or aggregated to have a larger particle size can also be used without any restrictions.

[0145] Furthermore, fine particles of titania, fine particles of alumina, or other oxides, or mixtures thereof, which are produced by the same method as the fine particle silica used in this embodiment and have similar particle diameters and specific surface areas, can also be used in this embodiment by subjecting them to hydrophobic treatment.Furthermore, a mixture of these fine particle oxides and the above-mentioned fine particle silica and subjected to hydrophobic treatment, or a mixture of the respective hydrophobic treated fine particles, can also be used as the powder composition according to this embodiment.

[0146] (Amount of Surface-Treated Microparticulate Silica) The amount of surface-treated microparticulate silica is not particularly limited, and surface-treated microparticulate silica can be mixed in any ratio. The content of the surface-treated microparticulate silica may be 0.001 parts by weight or more, 0.01 parts by weight or more, 0.05 parts by weight or more, 0.1 parts by weight or more, 0.3 parts by weight or more, 0.5 parts by weight or more, 1 part by weight or more, 3 parts by weight or more, 5 parts by weight or more, 7 parts by weight or more, 10 parts by weight or more, or 20 parts by weight or less, 15 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, 7 parts by weight or less, 5 parts by weight or less, or 3 parts by weight or less, relative to 100 parts by weight of the powder composition. The content of the surface-treated microparticulate silica may be, for example, 0.001 to 10.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 8.0 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight, relative to 100 parts by weight of the powder composition.

[0147] When the content of the surface-treated fine particle silica relative to 100 parts by weight of the powder composition is 0.001 part by weight or more, the powder composition is less likely to aggregate and the flowability of the powder composition is improved, i.e., the powder composition is more likely to be uniformly mixed with air in the powder / air mixing chamber attached to the powder injection device, and clogging is less likely to occur in the powder / air mixing chamber attached to the powder injection device, the connecting part through which the powder flows to the injection nozzle, and the injection nozzle.

[0148] On the other hand, when the content of the surface-treated fine particle silica relative to 100 parts by weight of the powder composition is 10.0 parts by weight or less, the effects of the present invention can be maintained while suppressing deterioration of workability. Specifically, in such a case, the surface-treated fine particle silica is not present in excess in the powder composition, so that the powder composition is not likely to become bulky, and handling difficulties, such as difficulty in carrying out the filling operation when transferring it into the powder / air mixing chamber, are unlikely to occur.

[0149] The hydrophobic fine particle silica may be a commercially available product, such as Aerosil R812S (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.).

[0150] The silicon dioxide used as the anti-caking agent described above may be hydrophilic fine particle silica. As the hydrophilic fine particle silica, the fine particle silica before being hydrophobized described in (Hydrophobized fine particle silica) may be used.

[0151] As the hydrophilic particulate silica, commercially available products may be used. For example, Aerosil 200 (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), Aerosil 300 (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), Aerosil 90 (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), etc. may be used. The amount of hydrophilic particulate silica in the powder composition may be the amount described in (Amount of surface-treated particulate silica).

[0152] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0153] The ingredients used in the Examples and Comparative Examples are shown below. <Powder for tooth polishing> The following powders were used as shown in Table 1. Aminoethylsulfonic acid (taurine) Sodium bicarbonate (sodium bicarbonate) Amino acid: glycine Sugar alcohol: sorbitol Disaccharide: trehalose <Anti-caking agent> Hydrophilic fine particle silica (primary particle diameter 12 nm) Dimethylsilylated fine particle silica (primary particle diameter 16 nm) Trimethylsilylated fine particle silica (primary particle diameter 12 nm)

[0154] <Preparation of Powder Compositions for Tooth Polishing> (Examples 1 to 20 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7) Powder compositions of the Examples and Comparative Examples were prepared by mixing the components according to the compositions shown in Tables 2-1 and 2-2.

[0155] (Reference Examples) The following powders were prepared as reference examples. Reference Example 1: Airflow Powder Plus (manufactured by EMS Co., Ltd.) Main ingredient: erythritol Reference Example 2: Periomate Powder (manufactured by Nakanishi Co., Ltd.) Main ingredient: glycine Reference Example 3: Lunos Prophy Powder Perio Combi (manufactured by Dürr Dental Co., Ltd.) Main ingredient: trehalose

[0156]

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] <Test Method and Results> The test procedure is as follows.

[0160] [Measurement of Solubility] 50 g of water was added to five times the expected amount of powder, and the mixture was sealed and mixed using a shaker at a test temperature of 20° C. for 24 hours. The mixed test solution was centrifuged to recover the supernatant, and the weight of the powder contained in the supernatant was measured by the dry weight method to obtain the solubility in water at 20° C. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0161] [Measurement of Density] The density of the powder was calculated in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard JIS Z8837:2018 Measurement of density by volume displacement (ISO 12154:2014). The results are shown in Table 1.

[0162] [Measurement of Average Particle Diameter] The average particle diameter (μm) of the powder was measured by dry dispersion using a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device (Mastersizer 3000: manufactured by Malvern Panalytical). The results are shown in Tables 2-1 and 2-2.

[0163] [Powder fluidity (angle of repose measurement)] The angle of repose was measured to assess powder fluidity according to the following procedure. 1. The powder was placed in the funnel and allowed to fall freely (to a height of 45 mm) from the tip of the funnel (inner diameter 6 mm) toward the center of the stage, allowing a sufficient amount of powder to fall until it spilled over the stage (diameter 40 mm). 2. The inclination angle of the mound of powder loaded on the stage (the angle of elevation between the side and bottom of the mound) was measured using a protractor. 3. This procedure was repeated three times, and the average was calculated as the angle of repose (°), which was then used to evaluate powder fluidity. An angle of repose smaller than 40° indicates high fluidity. The results of powder fluidity (angle of repose measurement) are shown in Table 3.

[0164] From Table 3, it was found that Examples 1 to 20 had fluidity suitable for use as powder for air polishing, as they showed values ​​(40° or less) similar to those of Reference Examples 1 to 3. In Examples 1 to 20, the powder in the powder chamber was easily stirred sufficiently by air, and the risk of powder clogging was thought to be low.

[0165] Stickiness (degree of adhesion) Stickiness (degree of adhesion) was measured according to the following procedure. 1. The powder chamber of a powder spraying device (product name: Mersage Epic 2-in-1, manufactured by Shofu Co., Ltd.) was filled with powder up to the maximum line, and the powder was sprayed onto a glass slide for 10 seconds at an air supply pressure of 0.6 MPa and a water supply pressure of 0.3 MPa, followed by drying (37°C, 5 minutes). 2. A piece of paper approximately 6 mm in diameter was pressed against the entire surface of the dried glass slide. 3. The paper on the glass slide was lightly shaken off, and the degree of paper adhesion was confirmed (N=3). Evaluation Criteria: ○ (Good): No paper adhered to the glass slide, and no stickiness was felt. △ (Fair): 1 to 5 pieces of paper adhered to the glass slide, and slight stickiness was felt. × (Poor): 10 or more pieces of paper adhered to the glass slide, and strong stickiness was felt. The stickiness (degree of adhesion) results are shown in Table 3.

[0166] As can be seen from Table 3, in Examples 1 to 20, not a single sheet of paper adhered, as in Reference Examples 1 and 2. Stickiness can lead to clogging of powder and difficulty in cleaning after treatment. Examples 1 to 20, which are less sticky, are thought to be able to clean teeth more efficiently.

[0167] [Cleaning Power (Abrasive Power)] Cleaning power (abrasive power) was measured according to the following procedure. 1. Using a powder spraying device (product name: Mersage Epic 2-in-1, manufactured by Shofu Co., Ltd.), various powders were sprayed sequentially onto a board coated with a pseudo-stain, divided into 1-cm squares, at a spray angle of 45°, a nozzle-to-object distance of 3 mm, an air supply pressure of 0.6 MPa, and a water supply pressure of 0.3 MPa. The pseudo-stain was then scraped off (n=1). 2. The cumulative removal area was calculated using a microscope 5, 10, and 15 minutes after spraying began, and this area was used to evaluate cleaning power (abrasive power). -Evaluation Criteria- ◎ (Very Good): Excellent cleaning performance, suitable for use in under-edge and above-edge applications. ○ (Good): Excellent cleaning performance, suitable for use in under-edge applications. × (Bad): Poor cleaning performance, not suitable for polishing. The cleaning power results are shown in Table 3.

[0168] As shown in Table 3, Examples 1, 2, 5, 8, and 11-17 exhibited cleaning performance equal to or better than that of the conventional Reference Examples 1-3, despite their small average particle size. On the other hand, Examples 3, 4, and 18-20, which had a large average particle size, exhibited superior cleaning performance compared to the conventional Reference Examples 1-3, and were found to be suitable for use on the edges. Furthermore, Examples 8-10, in which taurine was substituted by an equal weight of glycine for Comparative Example 1, which contained glycine as the main component, exhibited increased cleaning power as the amount of taurine added increased. Furthermore, Examples 1-5 and 11-20, which consisted of powder containing only taurine, showed almost no decrease in cleaning power even with extended spray times, exhibited very stable cleaning performance, and the low powder consumption over 15 minutes suggested that efficient cleaning was possible.

[0169] [Evaluation of Damage to Dentin] Damage to dentin was measured according to the following procedure. - Test Method - 1. Using a powder spraying device (product name: Mersage Epic 2in1, manufactured by Shofu Co., Ltd.), spraying was performed on the dentin surface under the following conditions: spray angle 45°, spray nozzle / dentin distance 3 mm, supply air pressure 0.6 MPa, and supply water pressure 0.3 MPa. The treated dentin surface was observed using a tabletop scanning electron microscope ("G2pro" manufactured by Phenom-World). The damage to dentin of the powder mixture for spraying was evaluated based on the observation results according to the following evaluation criteria. This procedure was repeated three times and an overall evaluation was made. - Evaluation Criteria - ◎ (Very good): No change was observed on the dentin surface before and after spraying, and no damage such as scratches was observed on the dentin surface. ○ (Good): Damage such as partial scratches was observed on the dentin surface to the extent that no unevenness or peeling was observed on the dentin. △ (Fair): After spraying, roughened surfaces (unevenness, etc.) were observed on some parts of the dentin surface, and damage such as scratches was observed on the dentin surface to the extent that no peeling of the dentin was observed. × (Poor): After spraying, damage such as scratches was observed on the dentin surface to the extent that unevenness and peeling were observed on the dentin surface.

[0170] From Table 3, it can be seen that, except for Example 7 consisting of a powder of sodium bicarbonate alone, Examples 1 to 6 and 8 to 20 do not cause significant damage to dentin, similar to Reference Examples 1 to 3, which are conventional products.

[0171] [Storage stability (aggregation)] Storage stability was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. Evaluation criteria: Good (good): After one month of storage at a temperature of 40°C and a humidity of 75%, no aggregates were observed in the powder. Fair (fair): After one month of storage at a temperature of 40°C and a humidity of 75%, slight aggregates were observed in the powder. Poor (poor): After one month of storage at a temperature of 40°C and a humidity of 75%, many aggregates were observed in the powder.

[0172] From Table 3, it was found that Examples 1 to 20 exhibited excellent storage stability equal to or better than Comparative Examples 1 to 7 and Reference Examples 1 to 3, which are conventional products.

[0173] Therefore, it was revealed that the powder compositions of Examples 1 to 20 were polishing powders that had both superior fluidity and cleaning properties, and also had excellent storage stability. Furthermore, it was revealed that the powder compositions of Examples 1 to 6 and 8 to 20 were polishing powders that, in addition to the above-mentioned points, were also less damaging to dentin.

[0174]

Claims

1. A powder for polishing teeth, having a solubility in water at 20°C of 20% by mass or less.

2. Density is 2.0 g / cm ３ 2. The powder of claim 1, wherein:

3. The powder according to claim 1, having an average particle size of 5 μm to 80 μm.

4. The powder according to claim 1, which is a compound containing an amino group and a sulfur atom in the molecule.

5. The powder according to claim 4, which is a compound that does not contain a carboxyl group in the molecule.

6. The powder according to claim 1, which is a compound having one or less hydroxyl groups in the molecule.

7. The following formula: R Ｓ (-R Ｃ -R Ｎ ) ｎ [In the formula, R Ｎ is -N(R Ｎ１ ) ２ and R Ｎ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a halogen atom, n is an integer of 1 or 2, and R Ｃ are each independently a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and R Ｓ When n is 1, -SO ２ R Ｓ１ or -SOR Ｓ１ and R Ｓ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, -OH, or -SH, and when n is 2, it is -S-.

8. n is 1 and R Ｎ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R Ｃ is an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R Ｓ is -SO ３ H or -SO ２ 8. The powder of claim 7, wherein the powder is H.

9. The powder of claim 1, which is aminoethylsulfonic acid.

10. A powder composition for polishing teeth, comprising 1% by weight or more of the powder according to claim 1.

11. The powder composition of claim 10, further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids, phosphate compounds, carbonate compounds, calcium compounds, anti-caking agents, bactericides, bioactive glasses, and flavoring agents.

12. The powder composition according to claim 11, wherein the saccharide is at least one selected from the group consisting of tagatose, trehalose, palatinose, and rhamnose.

13. The powder composition according to claim 11, wherein the sugar alcohol is at least one selected from the group consisting of xylitol, erythritol, sorbitol, mannitol, and reduced palatinose.

14. The powder composition of claim 11, wherein the anti-caking agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate hydrate, and / or aluminum hydroxide.

15. The powder composition according to claim 14, wherein the silicon dioxide is surface-treated fine particle silica having a primary particle size of 1 to 100 nm.

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