Method and apparatus for resource mapping in non-terrestrial network

Abstract

Provided are a method by which an apparatus performs wireless communication, and an apparatus supporting same. A first device may perform resource mapping regarding at least one of control information and data; and the first device may perform transmission of at least one of the control information and the data to a second device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communication and non-terrestrial network communication.

Description

Method and device for mapping resources in a non-terrestrial network

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Maximum data rate per device: 1 Tbps, E2E latency: 1 ms, Maximum spectral efficiency: 100 bps / Hz, Mobility support: Up to 1000 km / hr, Satellite integration: Fully AI, Fully autonomous driving, Fully XR, Fully haptic communication

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. For example, the method may include: a first device performing resource mapping for at least one of control information and data; and a second device transmitting at least one of the control information and the data. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and transmit at least one of the control information or the data to a second device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and transmit at least one of the control information or the data to a second device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing commands may be provided. For example, the commands, when executed, may cause a first device to: perform resource mapping for at least one of control information and / or data; and transmit at least one of the control information and / or data to a second device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0009] Figure 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate a non-terrestrial network scenario according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 9 illustrates a procedure for performing downlink transmission and reception according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 10 illustrates a procedure for performing uplink transmission and reception according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 illustrate different examples of resource mapping methods for TN communication and resource mapping methods for NTN communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 13 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 14 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 15 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 16 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 17 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 18 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 19 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, "A or B" in this disclosure can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, "A, B or C" in this disclosure can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0028] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0029] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0030] Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0031] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0032] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0033] Technical features individually described in one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0034] In the present disclosure, higher layer parameters may be parameters set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0035] In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, DCI (downlink control information), etc.) from a base station or a network. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaling control information, etc.) from another device. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device.

[0036] In the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0037] The technology proposed in the present disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0038] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0039] FIG. 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0040] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, a first device and a second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device can be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device can be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device can perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted by the second device according to a predefined rule. Here, for example, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals classified according to a structure or purpose (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, etc.). Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., a cell identifier).

[0041] In step S103, the first device can obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device required to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described below.

[0042] In step S105, the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device can transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to a random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device can transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2), the first device can transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) including information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device can receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgB).

[0043] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer), etc. For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and / or signaling for indicating allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted via a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0044] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process, transmit, and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0045] For example, the layers of a radio interface protocol between a first device and a second device can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, a physical layer belonging to the first layer can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and an RRC (radio resource control) layer located in the third layer can play a role in controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. For this purpose, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0046] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. For example, (a) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and (b) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, (c) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for device-to-device communication, and (d) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0047] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using physical channels. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the medium access control (MAC) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted between different physical layers, for example, between the physical layers of a first device and a second device, through a physical channel. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be utilized as radio resources.

[0048] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a mapping function from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services on logical channels.

[0049] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee the various quality of service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0050] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer can be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer can be responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers. For example, an RB can mean a logical path provided by a first layer (e.g., a physical layer) and a second layer (e.g., a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, a SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transmission between a first device and a second device.

[0051] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include forwarding of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include forwarding of control plane data and ciphering / integrity protection.

[0052] For example, establishing an RB can refer to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. For example, RBs can be divided into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). For example, SRBs can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0053] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information, and / or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages, and / or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above a transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0054] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 3, for example, a radio frame may be used in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may include five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0056] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols can contain OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0057] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot) is an example.

[0058] CP type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0059] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or transmit time intervals (TTIs)) composed of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTIs, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0060] For example, multiple numerologies, or SCSs, may be supported to support various services. For example, a 15 kHz SCS may support wide areas in traditional cellular bands, while a 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS may support dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. For example, a 60 kHz or higher SCS may support bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0061] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain, and may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include at most N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an activated BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol may be mapped to it.

[0063] For example, a BWP may be a contiguous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB may be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0064] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitor the downlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the UE may not receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) (except for radio resource management (RRM)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger channel state information (CSI) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may not transmit a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) outside of the active UL BWP. For example, for downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a set of consecutive resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For uplink, for example, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by a higher layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if a terminal does not detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period of time, the terminal may switch its active BWP to a default BWP.

[0065] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for a resource block grid.

[0067] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0068] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0069] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free-space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0070] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI can also facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0071] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) the widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates and (ii) the high path loss that occurs at high frequencies (requiring highly directional antennas). The narrow beamwidths generated by highly directional antennas reduce interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a significantly larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0072] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0073] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0074] - Optical wireless technology

[0075] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0076] - Quantum communication

[0077] - Cell-free communication

[0078] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0079] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0080] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0081] - Big data analysis

[0082] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0083] - metaverse

[0084] - Blockchain

[0085] Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing urban air mobility (UAM), regional air mobility (RAM), and uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). For example, AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs).

[0086] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle to vehicle (V2V) wireless communication and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication.

[0087] Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on satellites (or UAS platforms). NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0088] - Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment.

[0089] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS): RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments. For example, a RIS can be composed of many small antennas, or metasurfaces, arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc. of the reflected signal. For example, a RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or intensity of the propagating signal. For example, in the case of a RIS, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For example, because a RIS can be reconfigured to suit different environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0090] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0091] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs). For example, to improve coverage, etc., devices such as satellite networks, HIBS, and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0092] Figures 8a and 8b illustrate a non-terrestrial network scenario according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiments of Figures 8a and 8b may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0093] Figure 8a illustrates a non-terrestrial network scenario based on a transparent payload, and Figure 8b illustrates a non-terrestrial network scenario based on a regenerative payload. For example, a non-terrestrial network may typically include the following elements:

[0094] - One or more satellite gateways connecting non-terrestrial networks to public data networks.

[0095] - Feeder link or wireless link between the satellite gateway and the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0096] - Service link or wireless link between user equipment and satellite (or UAS platform)

[0097] - A satellite (or UAS platform) capable of implementing transparent or regenerative (including onboard processing) payloads. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may generate multiple beams over a given service area, typically bounded by a field of view. For example, the beam footprint may be typically elliptical in shape. For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) may vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and minimum elevation angle. For example, for transparent payloads, radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification may be performed. Therefore, the repetitive waveform signal in the payload may remain unchanged. For example, for regenerative payloads, radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification, as well as demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation may be performed. This may effectively be equivalent to onboarding all base station functions onto the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0098] - Optionally, inter-satellite link (ISL)

[0099] - User equipment can be serviced by satellites (or UAS platforms) within the target service area.

[0100] FIG. 9 illustrates a procedure for performing downlink transmission and reception according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0101] Referring to FIG. 9, in step S910, the base station may schedule downlink transmission, such as frequency / time resources, transmission layers, downlink precoder, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), etc. For example, the base station may determine a beam for PDSCH transmission to the terminal.

[0102] In step S920, the terminal can receive DCI for downlink scheduling (e.g., including scheduling information of PDSCH) from the base station on the PDCCH.

[0103] For example, DCI format 1_0 or 1_1 may be used for downlink scheduling. For example, DCI format 1_1 may include the following information: identifier for DCI formats, bandwidth part indicator, frequency domain resource assignment, time domain resource assignment, PRB bundling size indicator, rate matching indicator, zero power (ZP) CSI-RS trigger, antenna port(s), transmission configuration indication (TCI), sounding reference signal (SRS) request, demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence initialization.

[0104] For example, depending on each state indicated in the antenna port(s) field, a number of DMRS ports can be scheduled, and single-user (SU) / multi-user (MU) transmission scheduling can also be possible.

[0105] For example, the TCI field can consist of 3 bits, and quasi co-location (QCL) for DMRS can be dynamically indicated by indicating up to 8 TCI states depending on the TCI field value.

[0106] In step S930, the terminal can receive downlink data from the base station on the PDSCH.

[0107] For example, if a terminal detects a PDCCH including DCI format 1_0 or 1_1, the terminal can decode the PDSCH according to instructions by the corresponding DCI.

[0108] FIG. 10 illustrates a procedure for performing uplink transmission and reception according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0109] Referring to FIG. 10, in step S1010, the base station may schedule uplink transmission, such as frequency / time resources, transmission layers, uplink precoder, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), etc. For example, the base station may determine a beam for the terminal to transmit PUSCH.

[0110] In step S1020, the terminal can receive DCI for uplink scheduling (e.g., including scheduling information of PUSCH) from the base station on the PDCCH.

[0111] For example, DCI format 0_0 or 0_1 may be used for uplink scheduling. For example, DCI format 0_1 ​​may include the following information: identifier for DCI formats, supplementary uplink (UL / SUL) indicator, bandwidth part indicator, frequency domain resource assignment, time domain resource assignment, frequency hopping flag, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), SRS resource indicator (SRI), precoding information and number of layers, antenna port(s), SRS request, DMRS sequence initialization, and uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) indicator.

[0112] For example, the SRS resources configured within the SRS resource set associated with the upper layer parameter 'usage' can be indicated by the SRS resource indicator field. For example, 'spatialRelationInfo' can be configured for each SRS resource, and its value can be one of {CRI, SSB, SRI}.

[0113] In step S1030, the terminal can transmit uplink data to the base station on PUSCH.

[0114] For example, if a terminal detects a PDCCH including DCI format 0_0 or 0_1, the terminal can transmit the corresponding PUSCH according to the instructions of the corresponding DCI. For example, two transmission methods, codebook-based transmission and non-codebook-based transmission, can be supported for PUSCH transmission.

[0115] For example, when the upper layer parameter 'txConfig' is set to 'codebook', the terminal may be configured for codebook-based transmission. On the other hand, for example, when the upper layer parameter 'txConfig' is set to 'nonCodebook', the terminal may be configured for non-codebook-based transmission. For example, if the upper layer parameter 'txConfig' is not set, the terminal may not expect to be scheduled by DCI format 0_1. For example, when PUSCH is scheduled by DCI format 0_0, the PUSCH transmission may be based on a single antenna port.

[0116] Meanwhile, the next-generation system may be configured to integrate between terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). In this situation, the distinction between TNs and NTNs may not be explicit. Meanwhile, if terminals are categorized as TNs or NTNs, or categorized accordingly, optimized operations can be performed for each.

[0117] The combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the payload type of the satellite (e.g., regenerative payload or transparent payload).

[0118] The combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the type of non-terrestrial network node (e.g., geostationary earth orbit (GEO), non-geostationary earth orbit (NGEO), low earth orbit (LEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), high altitude satellite platform (HASP), drone) or altitude or fixed beam footprint or cell-moving beam footprint, etc.

[0119] Meanwhile, communication between non-terrestrial nodes and terminals may still result in excessive residual time-and / or-frequency shift during transmission and reception, depending on whether and to what extent time-and / or-frequency shift is (pre-)compensated, and DL and / or UL transmission schemes may be required to overcome this.

[0120] Meanwhile, in the case of NTN communication, the wireless channel environment may generally be LOS (line of sight), and in such a case, the effect of delay spread may be minimal. For example, LOS may refer to a straight path without physical obstacles between a device transmitting a signal and a device receiving a signal. In the above environment, the CP length based on TN may be excessive, and / or the DMRS density on the frequency side may be unnecessarily large. On the other hand, in the case of NTN communication, the Doppler shift value may be excessive depending on the large movement of the non-terrestrial node, and in such a case, the time-axis DMRS density based on TN may be insufficient, and / or a transmission method that sufficiently considers the time variation of the wireless channel environment may be required.

[0121] Meanwhile, TN communication can generally be performed in a frequency-selective environment due to non-line of sight (NLOS) and multi-path environments, and thus, the CP length and frequency-side DMRS density may need to be above a certain level to cover the delay spread. As described above, TN communication is generally performed on a frequency-selective channel, whereas NTN communication can be performed on a frequency-flat channel (i.e., a channel without frequency selectivity). In this way, in situations where the communication environments of TN and NTN are different, a physical channel design optimized for each may be required.

[0122] For example, DMRS for DL ​​control information transmission and / or DL ​​data information transmission and / or UL control information transmission and / or UL data information transmission may be transmitted only in a part of the allocated frequency resource region or a part of a physical resource block (PRB), and / or may be transmitted in all or a part of the allocated time resource region or all or a part of the allocated symbols. For example, DMRS for DL ​​control information transmission and / or DL ​​data information transmission and / or UL control information transmission and / or UL data information transmission may be transmitted only in a part of the allocated frequency resource region or a part of a PRB, and / or may be transmitted in the entire allocated time resource region or all of the allocated symbols. For example, the DMRS density on the frequency domain for NTN communication may be lower than the DMRS density on the frequency domain for TN communication, and / or the DMRS density on the time domain for NTN communication may be higher than the DMRS density on the time domain for TN communication. In the present disclosure, DMRS is only an example of a reference signal, and DMRS may be replaced with a reference signal.

[0123] For example, the time interval between DMRS or reference signals in the time domain can be set and / or instructed by the base station node to the terminal (based on the target Doppler shift value and time drift, etc.).

[0124] For example, the DMRS time and / or frequency mapping pattern and / or time interval and / or time density and / or frequency density and / or frequency interval (e.g., PRB interval and / or RE interval) for transmission of at least all or part of the system information may be set and / or indicated via a synchronization signal and / or via a PBCH.

[0125] For example, the DMRS may be transmitted for at least one RB within an RBG (resource block group) and / or an RB bundle and / or a PRG (precoding resource block group) and / or a frequency resource allocation basic unit and / or an RB group in which the same precoding is used. The rationale for this is that when the precoding is changed in a different PRG, it is not possible to perform actual wireless channel environment estimation belonging to a different PRG.

[0126] For example, the DMRS may be located in the middle of the allocated frequency domain and / or may be mapped to multiple (almost) evenly distributed RBs or REs.

[0127] For example, the DMRS may be mapped to all or part of an RB region to which UL control information and / or DL ​​control information are mapped. For example, detection and decoding of the UL control information may be limited to cases where channel estimation based on the DMRS is used.

[0128] Meanwhile, depending on the waveform scheme (e.g., DFT-s-OFDM or SC-FDMA scheme at least for UL transmission) or whether transform precoding is used, multiplexing between DMRS or reference signals and data in the FDM or second domain may not be allowed or may increase the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). In particular, in the case of SC-FDMA scheme, since data and reference signals mapped to the first resource domain can be mapped to the time domain after transform precoding and (I)FFT ((Inverse) Fast Fourier Transform), mapping multiple DMRS or reference signals to the first resource domain can also help in estimating and compensating for excessive phase rotation.

[0129] For example, the base station node and / or the terminal may map the DMRS to a plurality of evenly distributed REs in the first resource domain before transform precoding (at least when transmitting in the DFT-s-OFDM or SC-FDMA manner or when transmitting using transform precoding), and / or may map the DMRS to REs as many as the resource gap set by the base station node and / or indicated by the base station node or the terminal (determined based on the target Doppler effect and / or the degree of phase rotation thereof). In this case, there may be an advantage in that the degree of phase rotation can be estimated using the DMRS even for the phase rotation within a symbol.

[0130] Meanwhile, when a signal to which transform precoding has been applied at the transmitting end passes through a wireless communication channel, especially in a frequency-selective environment, the reverse process of transform precoding at the receiving end may not work properly.

[0131] For example, when a base station node and / or terminal maps DMRS and data within the same symbol when transmitting at least in the DFT-s-OFDM or SC-FDMA manner or when transmitting using transform precoding, transform precoding may be applied only to the data. For example, the size of the transform precoding may be determined based on the number of REs to which the data is mapped.

[0132] For example, whether to map DMRS to the first resource domain before the transform precoding and / or perform DMRS mapping after the transform precoding may be set and / or instructed by the base station node, and / or may be instructed by the terminal through UL control information during UL transmission.

[0133] For example, whether and how to apply transform precoding can be set and / or instructed by the base station node to the terminal. For example, the transform precoding can include performing a specific transform (e.g., DFT transform) on a symbol-by-symbol basis for the first resource domain, and / or can include performing a specific transform (e.g., DFT transform) on the second resource domain.

[0134] For example, data mapping for DL ​​control information transmission and / or DL ​​data information transmission and / or UL control information transmission and / or UL data information transmission may be performed for allocated resources for a second resource domain in a manner of preferentially increasing an index of the second resource domain (e.g., time domain or symbol domain), and then may be performed for allocated resources for a first resource domain in a manner of incrementing an index of the first resource domain (e.g., frequency domain).

[0135] For example, the resource mapping method for TN communication may differ from the resource mapping method for NTN communication. For example, the resource mapping method may be used when NTN communication is activated. In the case of NTN communication, since the wireless channel variation in the time domain may be large due to the high Doppler effect, a method that prioritizes mapping along the time axis may be advantageous in obtaining time diversity.

[0136] FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate different resource mapping methods for TN communication and NTN communication, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiments of FIGS. 11 and 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. For example, resource mapping for TN communication may be performed as in the embodiment of FIG. 11. For example, resource mapping for NTN communication may be performed as in the embodiment of FIG. 12.

[0137] For example, the data mapping order for DL ​​control information transmission and / or DL ​​data information transmission and / or UL control information transmission and / or UL data information transmission may be set and / or indicated by the base station node, and / or may be indicated in the UL control information.

[0138] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a change in the mapping method may be performed when mapping physical resources, and / or may be converted through interleaving when mapping physical resources after mapping virtual resources.

[0139] For example, in the case of NTN communication, the SCS (subcarrier spacing) supported in FR1 (e.g., when the carrier frequency is 6 GHz or less) may be different from that of TN communication, and may be in the form of a super set. For example, in the case of NTN communication, the SCS supported in FR1 may be at least one of 60 kHz, 120 kHz, 240 kHz, 480 kHz, and 960 kHz. The basis for this is that in the case of NTN communication, the system may be less sensitive to the expected high Doppler effect when a higher SCS is used, and considering that the LOS is the main environment in the case of NTN communication, the system can operate even with a reduced CP length when a large SCS is used.

[0140] For example, a base station node may transmit a TN-type synchronization signal and PBCH (e.g., using a relatively low SCS) and / or a NTN-type synchronization signal and PBCH (using a relatively high SCS), and / or a terminal may attempt to detect a TN-type synchronization signal and PBCH and an NTN-type synchronization signal and PBCH for a frequency domain or synch raster where TN and NTN can coexist.

[0141] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, resource mapping in the time domain and frequency domain has been described for convenience of explanation, but the idea of ​​the present disclosure can be extended and applied to resource mapping methods for the first domain and the second domain as well.

[0142] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the time interval may be from the start of a first symbol or slot to the start of a second symbol or slot, or from the end of the first symbol or slot to the start of the second symbol or slot, or from the end of the first symbol or slot to the end of the second symbol or slot.

[0143] The combination of embodiments of the present disclosure may operate in conjunction with each other. For example, a method of preferentially mapping in a second resource domain (symbol domain) and a DMRS pattern in which the DMRS density of the second resource domain is relatively higher (compared to the DMRS density of the first resource domain) may be activated together.

[0144] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the link type (DL, UL, SL), and / or the data type (SIB, groupcast, unicast), and / or the search space type in which the scheduling PDCCH is detected (common search space (CSS), UE-specific search space (USS)), and / or the base station node type, and / or the altitude, and / or the presence or absence of power constraints. For example, a combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied only when related to SIB transmission.

[0145] FIG. 13 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0146] Referring to FIG. 13, in step S1310, the first device may perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data. In step S1320, the first device may transmit at least one of the control information or the data to the second device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0147] For example, the resource mapping for the transmission performed based on the terrestrial network communication may be performed in ascending order of the index of the first resource domain and then in ascending order of the index of the second resource domain.

[0148] For example, the resource mapping for the transmission performed based on the non-terrestrial network communication may be performed in ascending order of the index of the second resource domain and then in ascending order of the index of the first resource domain.

[0149] For example, the first resource domain may be a frequency domain, and the second resource domain may be a time domain or a symbol domain.

[0150] For example, the resource mapping, which is performed in ascending order of the index of the second resource domain and then in ascending order of the index of the first resource domain, may be performed based on the activation of the non-terrestrial network communication.

[0151] For example, information related to the order of the resource mapping can be received from the second device by the first device.

[0152] For example, the second device may include at least one of a base station or a satellite.

[0153] For example, the reference signal associated with the control information or the data may be mapped to a portion of the allocated frequency resources or a portion of the physical resource block.

[0154] For example, the reference signal associated with the control information or the data may be mapped to all of the allocated time resources.

[0155] For example, information related to a time interval between resources to which the control information or reference signal associated with the data is mapped may be received by the first device from the second device. For example, the time interval may be set based on at least one of Doppler shift or time drift.

[0156] For example, information related to a mapping pattern for a reference signal associated with the control information or the data may be received by the first device via at least one of a synchronization signal or a physical broadcast channel. For example, the information related to the mapping pattern may include at least one of information related to a time interval, information related to a time density, information related to a frequency density, or information related to a frequency interval.

[0157] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can perform resource mapping for at least one of control information and data. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to transmit at least one of the control information and the data to a second device. For example, the resource mapping can be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0158] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and transmit at least one of the control information or the data to a second device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0159] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause a first device to: perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and transmit at least one of the control information or the data to a second device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0160] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing commands may be provided. For example, the commands, when executed, may cause a first device to: perform resource mapping for at least one of control information and / or data; and transmit at least one of the control information and / or data to a second device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0161] FIG. 14 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0162] Referring to FIG. 14, in step S1410, the second device may perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data. In step S1420, the second device may transmit at least one of the control information or the data to the first device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0163] For example, the resource mapping for the transmission performed based on the terrestrial network communication may be performed in ascending order of the index of the first resource domain and then in ascending order of the index of the second resource domain.

[0164] For example, the resource mapping for the transmission performed based on the non-terrestrial network communication may be performed in ascending order of the index of the second resource domain and then in ascending order of the index of the first resource domain.

[0165] For example, the first resource domain may be a frequency domain, and the second resource domain may be a time domain or a symbol domain.

[0166] For example, the resource mapping, which is performed in ascending order of the index of the second resource domain and then in ascending order of the index of the first resource domain, may be performed based on the activation of the non-terrestrial network communication.

[0167] For example, information related to the order of the resource mapping may be transmitted to the first device by the second device.

[0168] For example, the second device may include at least one of a base station or a satellite.

[0169] For example, the reference signal associated with the control information or the data may be mapped to a portion of the allocated frequency resources or a portion of the physical resource block.

[0170] For example, the reference signal associated with the control information or the data may be mapped to all of the allocated time resources.

[0171] For example, information related to a time interval between resources to which the control information or reference signal associated with the data is mapped may be transmitted by the second device to the first device. For example, the time interval may be set based on at least one of Doppler shift or time drift.

[0172] For example, information related to a mapping pattern for a reference signal associated with the control information or the data may be transmitted by the second device via at least one of a synchronization signal or a physical broadcast channel. For example, the information related to the mapping pattern may include at least one of information related to a time interval, information related to a time density, information related to a frequency density, or information related to a frequency interval.

[0173] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can perform resource mapping for at least one of control information and data. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to transmit at least one of the control information and the data to the first device. For example, the resource mapping can be performed differently between terrestrial network communication and non-terrestrial network communication.

[0174] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and transmit at least one of the control information or the data to a first device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0175] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause a second device to: perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and transmit at least one of the control information or the data to a first device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0176] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing commands may be provided. For example, the commands, when executed, may cause a second device to: perform resource mapping for at least one of control information and / or data; and transmit at least one of the control information and / or data to a first device. For example, the resource mapping may be performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

[0177] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a physical channel transmission scheme suitable for TN and / or a physical channel transmission scheme suitable for NTN may be supported for communication between a base station, a satellite, and / or a terminal. For example, a physical channel transmission scheme suitable for NTN may include transmitting DMRS only in some areas within an allocated frequency or some REs within a PRB, and / or performing preferential mapping in the time domain. Through this, the physical channel transmission scheme can be efficiently changed according to the target channel environment, and time diversity can be obtained in NTN communication.

[0178] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0179] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0180] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0181] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0182] FIG. 15 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0183] Referring to FIG. 15, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0184] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0185] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0186] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0187] FIG. 16 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0188] Referring to FIG. 16, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 15.

[0189] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0190] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0191] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0192] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0193] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0194] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0195] FIG. 17 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 17 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0196] Referring to FIG. 17, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 17 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16. The hardware elements of FIG. 17 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 16. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 16, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16.

[0197] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 17. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0198] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0199] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0200] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 17. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 16) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0201] Figure 18 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 15). The embodiment of Figure 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0202] Referring to FIG. 18, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 16 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 16. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 16. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0203] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 15, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 15, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 15, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 15, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 15, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 15, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 15, 400), a base station (Fig. 15, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0204] In FIG. 18, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be interconnected entirely via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0205] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 18 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0206] FIG. 19 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0207] Referring to FIG. 19, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 18, respectively.

[0208] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0209] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0210] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In the method, A step in which a first device performs resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and A step in which the first device transmits at least one of the control information or the data to the second device; A method wherein the above resource mapping is performed differently between terrestrial network communication and non-terrestrial network communication.

2. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the resource mapping for the transmission performed based on the above terrestrial network communication is performed in ascending order of the index of the first resource domain and then in ascending order of the index of the second resource domain.

3. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the resource mapping for the transmission performed based on the non-terrestrial network communication is performed in ascending order of the index of the second resource domain and then in ascending order of the index of the first resource domain.

4. In paragraph 3, A method wherein the first resource domain is a frequency domain and the second resource domain is a time domain or a symbol domain.

5. In paragraph 3, A method wherein the resource mapping is performed in ascending order of the index of the second resource domain and then in ascending order of the index of the first resource domain, based on the activation of the non-terrestrial network communication.

6. In paragraph 1, A method in which information related to the order of the resource mapping is received from the second device by the first device.

7. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the second device comprises at least one of a base station and a satellite.

8. In paragraph 1, A method in which the reference signal related to the above control information or the above data is mapped to a portion of the allocated frequency resources or a portion of the physical resource block.

9. In paragraph 1, A method in which the reference signal related to the above control information or the above data is mapped to all of the allocated time resources.

10. In paragraph 1, A method wherein information related to a time interval between resources to which the control information or the reference signal related to the data is mapped is received from the second device by the first device.

11. In paragraph 10, A method wherein the above time interval is set based on at least one of Doppler shift or time drift.

12. In paragraph 1, A method wherein information related to a mapping pattern for a reference signal associated with the control information or the data is received by the first device via at least one of a synchronization signal or a physical broadcast channel.

13. In paragraph 12, A method wherein the information related to the above mapping pattern includes at least one of information related to a time interval, information related to a time density, information related to a frequency density, or information related to a frequency interval.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said first device causes: Perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and To cause the second device to transmit at least one of the above control information or the above data, A first device wherein the above resource mapping is performed differently between terrestrial network communication and non-terrestrial network communication.

15. In the processing device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said first device causes: Perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and To cause the second device to transmit at least one of the above control information or the above data, The above resource mapping is performed differently between terrestrial network communication and non-terrestrial network communication, processing device.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the first device to: Perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and To cause the second device to transmit at least one of the above control information or the above data, A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium wherein the above resource mapping is performed differently between terrestrial network communication and non-terrestrial network communication.

17. In the method, A second device performs resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and A step in which the second device transmits at least one of the control information or the data to the first device; A method wherein the above resource mapping is performed differently between terrestrial network communication and non-terrestrial network communication.

18. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said second device causes: Perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and Causing the first device to transmit at least one of the above control information or the above data, A second device wherein the above resource mapping is performed differently between terrestrial network communications and non-terrestrial network communications.

19. In the processing device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said second device causes: Perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and Causing the first device to transmit at least one of the above control information or the above data, The above resource mapping is performed differently between terrestrial network communication and non-terrestrial network communication, processing device.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the second device to: Perform resource mapping for at least one of control information or data; and Causing the first device to transmit at least one of the above control information or the above data, A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium wherein the above resource mapping is performed differently between terrestrial network communication and non-terrestrial network communication.

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