Cluster-based adaptive routing method and system for virtual power plant wireless terminals

Abstract

A cluster-based adaptive routing method and system for virtual power plant wireless terminals, relating to the technical field of virtual power plants. A plurality of terminal nodes collect energy and transmit the energy to a base station, and the remaining energy of each terminal node during the energy transmission is calculated. The probability that each terminal node is selected as a cluster head node is calculated on the basis of the remaining energy of each terminal node, and the terminal nodes as the cluster head nodes are determined on the basis of the probabilities. A message is broadcast to all ordinary nodes by the cluster head nodes. Clustering is performed by comparing the signal strengths of messages received by the ordinary nodes from the respective cluster head nodes. The distance between each cluster head node and the base station and the distance between the cluster head nodes are used as criteria to determine a preset transmission mode having the lowest energy consumption for each cluster head node, thereby adaptively selecting an optimal transmission mode for multi-mode transmission to the base station to reduce and balance energy consumption of each data collection node terminal in the virtual power plant.

Description

A clustering adaptive routing method and system of a virtual power plant wireless terminal

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410726254.5, filed on June 6, 2024, and entitled "A clustering adaptive routing method and system of a virtual power plant wireless terminal", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of virtual power plants, and in particular to a clustering adaptive routing method and system of a virtual power plant wireless terminal. BACKGROUND

[0003] A virtual power plant is a new energy ecosystem formed by the deep integration of digital technology and energy business and management, and the continuous improvement of digitalization, networking, and intelligence, with cloud computing, big data, the Internet of Things, mobile Internet, artificial intelligence, and blockchain as the core driving force, data as the key production factor, and modern power energy networks and new-generation information networks as the foundation. It has the characteristics of flexibility, openness, interactivity, economy, and sharing, making the power grid more intelligent, safe, reliable, green, and efficient.

[0004] With the development of the Internet of Things, low-cost wireless terminal network devices are expanding to the state monitoring link of virtual power plants. A large number of wireless terminals are used in virtual power plants to monitor the state information of each node in real time. With the development of energy harvesting technology, the nodes of the wireless terminal network can continuously collect energy from the external world, and then transmit it to the base station or receiver through a certain routing algorithm, thereby completing energy harvesting and transmission. However, when the wireless terminal network with energy harvesting function works, the energy consumption of each node of the wireless terminal network is usually uneven, which can cause the nodes with high energy consumption to terminate work in advance. In addition, non-adaptive single-mode routing transmission can also cause high network energy consumption, which can easily affect the transmission stability of the wireless terminal network.

[0005] SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a clustering adaptive routing method and system of a virtual power plant wireless terminal, which solves the technical problem that when the wireless terminal network with energy harvesting function works, the energy consumption of each node of the wireless terminal network is usually uneven, which can cause the nodes with high energy consumption to terminate work in advance, and non-adaptive single-mode routing transmission can also cause high network energy consumption, which can easily affect the transmission stability of the wireless terminal network.

[0007] Therefore, the first aspect of the present application provides a clustering adaptive routing method for a virtual power plant wireless terminal, which is applied to a wireless terminal network deployed in a virtual power plant, wherein the wireless terminal network comprises a plurality of terminal nodes, each of which is in communication connection with a base station, and the terminal nodes are in communication connection with each other, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0008] calculating the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process when the energy is collected and transmitted to the base station;

[0009] calculating the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node, and determining the terminal node as the cluster head node according to the probability;

[0010] broadcasting messages to all ordinary nodes through the cluster head node, wherein the ordinary nodes are non-cluster head nodes;

[0011] comparing the signal strengths of the messages received by the ordinary nodes from each cluster head node, determining the cluster head node with the highest signal strength of the messages, and adding the ordinary node to the cluster to which the corresponding cluster head node belongs;

[0012] sending the data collected by all terminal nodes in each cluster to the cluster head node in the corresponding cluster for data aggregation;

[0013] determining the preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption of each cluster head node as the criterion of the distance between each cluster head node and the base station and the distance between each cluster head node;

[0014] transmitting all the data aggregated by each cluster head node to the next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined by each cluster head node, until all the data aggregated by the cluster head nodes are transmitted to the base station.

[0015] Preferably, the step of collecting energy through the plurality of terminal nodes and transmitting the energy to the base station, and calculating the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process comprises:

[0016] transmitting the energy through each terminal node to the base station in multiple rounds, wherein the energy is collected by the terminal nodes through solar energy, and the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process is calculated by the following formula:

[0017] wherein i represents the terminal node index, r represents the transmission round index, represents the residual energy of the terminal node i at the end of the rth transmission round, represents the residual energy of the terminal node i at the end of the (r-1)th transmission round, denotes the energy consumption of terminal node i during the rth transmission round, denotes the energy harvested by terminal node i during the rth transmission round, denotes the average duration of a unit round, denotes the average energy harvesting capability of terminal node i, ζ i is the area of the solar panel of terminal node i, is the average solar irradiance, φ i is the opacity coefficient, e i denotes the energy harvesting efficiency coefficient, e i ∈ [0, 1].

[0018] Preferably, the step of determining the terminal nodes to be cluster head nodes according to the probabilities calculated according to the residual energy of each terminal node comprises:

[0019] The probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node is calculated by the following formula:

[0020] wherein i denotes the terminal node index, r denotes the transmission round index, p' i denotes the probability of terminal node i being selected as a cluster head node, p i denotes the initial probability of terminal node i being selected as a cluster head node, denotes the modulo of r to , both α and β denote control factors, α + β = 1, denotes the residual energy of terminal node i at the end of the rth transmission round, denotes the initial residual energy of terminal node i, E total denotes the total initial energy of the wireless terminal network, d CH，BS denotes the average distance between historical cluster head nodes and the base station, d i，BS denotes the distance between terminal node i and the base station, G denotes the set of terminal nodes that are not currently selected as cluster head nodes;

[0021] The initial probability p i of terminal node i being selected as a cluster head node is calculated by the following formula:

[0022] wherein p0 denotes a predetermined probability, N denotes the number of terminal nodes, α i denotes the multiple of the energy of terminal node i relative to the minimum initial energy, denotes the average residual energy of the wireless terminal network,

[0023] total initial energy E of the wireless terminal network total The calculation formula is:

[0024] wherein, E S represents the minimum initial energy;

[0025] The terminal nodes are sorted according to the probability of being selected as the cluster head node from large to small, and the terminal nodes with the preset number of bits are selected as the cluster head nodes.

[0026] Preferably, the step of determining the preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption of each cluster head node according to the distance between each cluster head node and the base station and the distance between each cluster head node specifically comprises:

[0027] obtaining the distance d i,BS between the cluster head node i and the base station, and the distance d i,j between the cluster head node i and the cluster head node j;

[0028] comparing the distance d i,BS between the cluster head node i and the base station with the distance d i,j between the cluster head node i and the cluster head node j;

[0029] when d i,j >d i,BS , and d i,BS <D th,1 , the cluster head node i selects the single-hop non-collaborative transmission mode;

[0030] when d i,j >d i,BS , and d i,BS <D th,1 , the cluster head node i selects the single-hop collaborative transmission mode;

[0031] when d i，j ≤d i，BS , and d i，BS ≤D th，1 , the cluster head node i selects the multi-hop non-collaborative transmission mode;

[0032] when d i，j ≤d i，BS , and d i，j >D th，2 , d j，BS >D th，1 , the cluster head node i selects the multi-hop collaborative transmission mode;

[0033] wherein, D th,1 is the distance threshold between the cluster head node and the base station, and D th,2a distance threshold between each cluster head node.

[0034] Preferably, the step of transmitting all the data aggregated by each cluster head node to the next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined by each cluster head node until all the data aggregated by each cluster head node is transmitted to the base station comprises:

[0035] When all the data aggregated by each cluster head node is transmitted through the multi-hop cooperative transmission mode, the next hop point of the cluster head node is selected from a set of candidate cluster head nodes by a selection criterion as follows: wherein the set of candidate cluster head nodes is composed of all the cluster head nodes selecting the multi-hop cooperative transmission mode, and the selection criterion is:

[0036] wherein, is the next hop point of the cluster head node, is the residual energy of the candidate cluster head node m, d i,m is the distance between the cluster head node i and the candidate cluster head node m, d m，BS is the distance between the candidate cluster head node m and the base station, wherein m∈Ω, Ω is the set of candidate cluster head nodes;

[0037] The cooperative nodes in the cluster to which the next hop point of the cluster head node are selected by:

[0038] wherein, d m is the distance between the intra-cluster node n m and the cluster head node, d max is the maximum distance between the intra-cluster node and the cluster head node, d min is the minimum distance between the intra-cluster node and the cluster head node, s.t is a constraint;

[0039] All the data aggregated by each cluster head node is transmitted to J-1 cooperative nodes in the cluster to which the next hop point of the cluster head node belongs, wherein J is the number of all cooperative nodes including the cluster head node;

[0040] The data is encoded by the cooperative nodes, and the encoded data is transmitted to the next hop point by the J-1 cooperative nodes. is updated to the current transmission cluster head node, and the data is transmitted to the next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined by the current transmission cluster head node until all the data aggregated by each cluster head node is transmitted to the base station.

[0041] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a clustering adaptive routing system for a virtual power plant wireless terminal, which is applied to a wireless terminal network deployed in a virtual power plant, wherein the wireless terminal network comprises a plurality of terminal nodes, each of which is in communication connection with a base station and in communication connection with each other, and the system comprises:

[0042] a residual energy calculation module configured to calculate residual energy of each terminal node in an energy transmission process when energy is collected and transmitted to the base station;

[0043] a cluster head node determination module configured to calculate a probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node, and determine the terminal node as the cluster head node according to the probability;

[0044] a message notification module configured to broadcast messages to all ordinary nodes through the cluster head node, wherein the ordinary node is a non-cluster head node;

[0045] a clustering module configured to compare signal strengths of the messages received by the ordinary node from each cluster head node, determine the cluster head node with the highest signal strength of the message, and add the ordinary node to a cluster to which the cluster head node belongs;

[0046] a data aggregation module configured to send data collected by all terminal nodes in each cluster to the cluster head node in the corresponding cluster for data aggregation;

[0047] a transmission mode determination module configured to determine a preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption of each cluster head node by taking distances between each cluster head node and the base station and distances between each cluster head node as criteria;

[0048] an adaptive transmission module configured to transmit all data aggregated by each cluster head node to a next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined by the cluster head node, until all data aggregated by the cluster head node is transmitted to the base station.

[0049] Preferably, the residual energy calculation module specifically comprises:

[0050] a residual energy calculation submodule configured to perform multi-round energy transmission by each terminal node to the base station, wherein the energy is collected by the terminal node through solar energy, and residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process is calculated by the following formula:

[0051] wherein i represents a terminal node index, r represents a transmission round index, represents residual energy of the terminal node i at the end of the rth transmission round, denotes the residual energy of terminal node i at the end of the r-1th transmission, denotes the energy consumption of terminal node i during the rth transmission, denotes the energy harvested by terminal node i during the rth transmission, denotes the average duration of a unit round, denotes the average energy harvesting capability of terminal node i, ζ i denotes the area of the solar panel of terminal node i, denotes the average solar irradiance, φ i denotes the opacity coefficient, e i denotes the energy harvesting efficiency coefficient, e i ∈ [0, 1].

[0052] Preferably, the cluster head node determining module specifically comprises:

[0053] a probability calculating sub-module, configured to calculate the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node by the following formula:

[0054] wherein i denotes the terminal node index, r denotes the transmission round index, p' i denotes the probability of terminal node i being selected as a cluster head node, p i denotes the initial probability of terminal node i being selected as a cluster head node, denotes the modulus of r to , both a and β denote control factors, and a + β = 1, denotes the residual energy of terminal node i at the end of the rth transmission, denotes the initial residual energy of terminal node i, E total denotes the total initial energy of the wireless terminal network, d CH,BS denotes the average distance between the historical cluster head nodes and the base station, d i，BS denotes the distance between terminal node i and the base station, G denotes the set of terminal nodes which are not currently selected as cluster head nodes;

[0055] The calculation formula of the initial probability p, of terminal node i being selected as a cluster head node is:

[0056] wherein p0 denotes a predetermined probability, N denotes the number of terminal nodes, a i denotes the multiple of the energy of terminal node i relative to the minimum initial energy, denotes the average residual energy of the wireless terminal network,

[0057] total initial energy E of the wireless terminal network total The calculation formula is:

[0058] Wherein, E S represents the minimum initial energy;

[0059] The terminal nodes are sorted according to the probability of being selected as the cluster head node from large to small, and the terminal nodes with the preset number of bits are selected as the cluster head node.

[0060] Preferably, the transmission mode determination module specifically comprises:

[0061] The distance acquisition submodule is configured to acquire the distance d i,BS between the cluster head node i and the base station, and the distance d i,j between the cluster head node i and the cluster head node j.

[0062] The distance comparison submodule is configured to compare the distance d i,BS between the cluster head node i and the base station with the distance d i,j between the cluster head node i and the cluster head node j.

[0063] The first selection submodule is configured to, when d i,j ≤d i,BS , and d i，BS <D th，1 , the cluster head node i selects the single-hop non-collaborative transmission mode.

[0064] The second selection submodule is configured to, when d i,j ≤d i,BS , and d i,BS >D th,1 , the cluster head node i selects the single-hop collaborative transmission mode.

[0065] The third selection submodule is configured to, when d i,j ≤d i,BS , and d i,BS >D th,1 , the cluster head node i selects the multi-hop non-collaborative transmission mode.

[0066] The fourth selection submodule is configured to, when d i,j ≤d i,BS , and d i,j ≤D th,2 , d j,BS >D th,1 , the cluster head node i selects the multi-hop collaborative transmission mode.

[0067] Wherein, D th，1 is the distance threshold between the cluster head node and the base station, and D th，2This is the distance threshold between each cluster head node.

[0068] Preferably, the adaptive transmission module includes:

[0069] The hop selection submodule is used to select the next hop point of a cluster head node from a set of candidate cluster head nodes when transmitting all the aggregated data through the cluster head node in multi-hop cooperative transmission mode, based on the following selection criterion: The set of candidate cluster head nodes consists of all cluster head nodes that have selected multi-hop cooperative transmission mode. The selection criterion is as follows:

[0070] in, This is the next hop point for the cluster head node. d represents the remaining energy of candidate cluster head node m. i,m Let d be the distance between cluster head node i and candidate cluster head node m. m,BS Let m be the distance between the candidate cluster head node m and the base station, where m ∈ Ω, and Ω is the set of candidate cluster head nodes;

[0071] The assist node selection submodule is used to select the next hop point of the cluster head node using the following formula. Within its cluster, the selected cooperating nodes are:

[0072] Where, d m For node n within the cluster m The distance d between the cluster head node and the cluster head node max d represents the maximum distance between nodes within a cluster and the cluster head node. min is the minimum distance between nodes within a cluster and the cluster head node, and st is a constraint;

[0073] The collaborative transport submodule is used to transmit all the aggregated data to the next hop through the cluster head node. J-1 cooperating nodes within the cluster to which the node belongs, where J is the total number of cooperating nodes including the cluster head node;

[0074] The data transmission submodule is used to encode data using cooperative nodes and transmit the encoded data to the next hop through J-1 cooperative nodes. Next jump point The cluster head node is updated to the current transmission node. The data is then transmitted to the next hop node or base station through the preset transmission mode determined by the current transmission cluster head node, until all the data after data aggregation in the cluster head node is transmitted to the base station.

[0075] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0076] The present application calculates the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process, calculates the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node, determines the terminal node which becomes the cluster head node according to the probability size, broadcasts the message to all ordinary nodes through the cluster head node, clusters through the ordinary nodes comparing the signal strength of the messages received from each cluster head node, sends the data collected by all terminal nodes in each cluster to the cluster head node in the corresponding cluster for data aggregation, determines the preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption of each cluster head node as the criterion, and thus adaptively selects the optimal transmission mode for multi-mode transmission to the base station, so as to reduce and balance the energy consumption of each data acquisition node terminal of the virtual power plant and improve the transmission stability of the wireless terminal network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0077] Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a virtual power plant wireless terminal clustering adaptive routing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of terminal node clustering of a virtual power plant according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] Fig. 3 is a flowchart of data transmission using a virtual power plant wireless terminal clustering adaptive routing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the number of surviving nodes and the number of transmission rounds of a wireless sensor in different transmission modes according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a virtual power plant wireless terminal clustering adaptive routing system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0083] The present application provides a virtual power plant wireless terminal clustering adaptive routing method, which is applied to a wireless terminal network deployed in a virtual power plant. The wireless terminal network includes a plurality of terminal nodes, each of which is in communication connection with a base station and is in communication connection with each other.

[0084] It should be noted that the wireless terminal can be a wireless sensor, and a plurality of wireless sensors form a wireless sensor network.

[0085] N terminal nodes in a virtual power plant are randomly deployed in a square area, and the terminal nodes need to transmit data to a base station, and the base station is usually far away from the monitoring area. Each terminal node has a unique identifier and synchronously runs after being fixed in the virtual power plant. The terminal nodes have energy collection function, and the initial energy of the terminal nodes is limited and different, and the terminal nodes can collect energy through solar energy.

[0086] The terminal nodes can adjust the transmission power according to the transmission distance; the nodes can calculate the distance between two nodes according to the received signal strength, given the transmission power; each terminal node can be directly connected with the base station, and the terminal nodes can also communicate with each other.

[0087] The application provides a clustering adaptive routing method for a wireless terminal of a virtual power plant, as shown in Figure 1, which shows the flow of the clustering adaptive routing method for the wireless terminal of the virtual power plant, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0088] S1, when collecting energy and transmitting energy to the base station, the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process is calculated.

[0089] It should be understood that the energy collection is carried out by the terminal nodes, and the terminal nodes consume energy in the energy transmission process, so the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process needs to be calculated.

[0090] S2, the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node is calculated according to the residual energy of each terminal node, and the terminal node becoming the cluster head node is determined according to the probability.

[0091] S3, the cluster head node broadcasts a message to all ordinary nodes, wherein the ordinary node is a non-cluster head node.

[0092] It should be understood that when a terminal node becomes a cluster head node, it will broadcast a message to other terminal nodes and declare itself as a cluster head node, wherein the message broadcast can be broadcast in the form of a message to inform all ordinary nodes that it serves as a cluster head node. The ordinary node is a terminal node that is not selected as a cluster head node.

[0093] S4, the signal strength of the message received by the ordinary node from each cluster head node is compared, and the cluster head node with the highest signal strength of the message is determined, and the ordinary node is added to the cluster belonging to the corresponding cluster head node.

[0094] S5, sending the data collected by all terminal nodes in each cluster to the cluster head node in the corresponding cluster for data aggregation.

[0095] After the data aggregation by the cluster head node, the cluster head node contains the data collected by all terminal nodes in the cluster including the cluster head node.

[0096] S6, determining the preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption of each cluster head node as a criterion, the distance between each cluster head node and the base station, and the distance between each cluster head node.

[0097] The preset transmission mode includes single-hop cooperative transmission, multi-hop cooperative transmission, single-hop non-cooperative transmission, and multi-hop non-cooperative transmission. By taking the distance between each cluster head node and the base station and the distance between each cluster head node as a criterion, the preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption is adaptively selected from the preset transmission modes, thereby reducing and balancing the energy consumption of each data acquisition terminal node of the virtual power plant, and prolonging the service life of the entire network.

[0098] S7, all data aggregated by each cluster head node is transmitted to the next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined by each cluster head node, until all data aggregated by the cluster head node is transmitted to the base station.

[0099] It should be noted that the present application collects energy by multiple terminal nodes and transmits energy to the base station, calculates the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process, calculates the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node, determines the terminal node to become a cluster head node according to the probability, broadcasts messages from the cluster head node to all ordinary nodes, compares the signal strength of the messages received from each cluster head node by the ordinary nodes to cluster, sends the data collected by all terminal nodes in each cluster to the cluster head node in the corresponding cluster for data aggregation, and determines the preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption of each cluster head node as a criterion, the distance between each cluster head node and the base station, and the distance between each cluster head node. The optimal transmission mode is adaptively selected for multi-mode transmission to the base station to reduce and balance the energy consumption of each data acquisition node terminal of the virtual power plant, and improve the transmission stability of the wireless terminal network.

[0100] In one implementation, step S1 specifically includes:

[0101] The energy is collected by the terminal node through solar energy, and the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process is calculated by the following formula:

[0102] wherein i denotes the index of the terminal node, and r denotes the index of the transmission round, denotes the residual energy of the terminal node i at the end of the rth transmission round, denotes the residual energy of the terminal node i at the end of the (r-1)th transmission round, denotes the energy consumption of the terminal node i during the rth transmission round, denotes the energy harvested by the terminal node i during the rth transmission round, denotes the average duration of a unit round, denotes the average energy harvesting capability of the terminal node i, ζ i denotes the area of the solar panel of the terminal node i, denotes the average solar irradiance, i denotes the opacity coefficient, i denotes the energy harvesting efficiency coefficient, i ∈[0,1].

[0103] It is to be noted that all the terminal nodes are exposed to the same intensity of solar radiation, but each terminal node has a different energy harvesting efficiency, the energy harvesting efficiency coefficient being e i ∈[0,1]. When r=0, α i denotes the energy of the terminal node i relative to the minimum initial energy, S denotes the minimum initial energy.

[0104] In one implementation, the step S2 specifically comprises:

[0105] 201. Calculate the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node by the following formula:

[0106] wherein i denotes the index of the terminal node, and r denotes the index of the transmission round, i denotes the probability of the terminal node i being selected as a cluster head node, i denotes the initial probability of the terminal node i being selected as a cluster head node, denotes the modulus of r to , both α and β denote control factors, and α+β=1, denotes the residual energy of the terminal node i at the end of the rth transmission round, denotes the initial residual energy of the terminal node i, total denotes the total initial energy of the wireless terminal network, CH,BS denotes the average distance between the historical cluster head node and the base station, i,BSdenotes the distance between terminal node i and the base station, G denotes the set of terminal nodes which are not selected as cluster head nodes at present;

[0107] the initial probability p that terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node i The calculation formula of E is:

[0108] wherein, p0 denotes a predetermined probability, N denotes the number of terminal nodes, and a i denotes the multiple of the energy of terminal node i relative to the minimum initial energy, denotes the average residual energy of the wireless terminal network,

[0109] The total initial energy E of the wireless terminal network total The calculation formula of E is:

[0110] wherein, E S denotes the minimum initial energy.

[0111] wherein, the initial probability that terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node can be improved to the probability that terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node in the above, considering the distance factor and the fact that some nodes have been selected as cluster head nodes before.

[0112] In the multi-energy-level energy non-uniform sensing type virtual power plant considered, the initial energy of the terminal nodes in the power grid is uniformly distributed within [E S , E S (1+α max )], wherein E S is the minimum initial energy, and a max denotes the multiple of the maximum initial energy relative to the minimum initial energy.

[0113] 202. Sort the terminal nodes according to the probability that each terminal node is selected as a cluster head node from large to small, and select the terminal nodes with a preset number of bits as cluster head nodes.

[0114] In one specific embodiment, step S6 specifically comprises:

[0115] 601. Obtain the distance d i,BS between cluster head node i and the base station, and the distance d i,j between cluster head node i and cluster head node j;

[0116] 602. Compare the distance d i,BS between cluster head node i and the base station with the distance d i,j between cluster head node i and cluster head node j;

[0117] 603. When di,j d i,BS , and d i,BS <D th,1 , the cluster head node i selects the single-hop non-collaborative transmission mode;

[0118] 604, when d i,j d i,BS , and d i,BS ≥D th,1 , the cluster head node i selects the single-hop collaborative transmission mode;

[0119] 605, when d i,j d i,BS , and d i,BS ≤D th,1 , the cluster head node i selects the multi-hop non-collaborative transmission mode;

[0120] 606, when d i,j ≤d i,BS , and d i,j >D th,2 , d j,BS >D th,1 , the cluster head node i selects the multi-hop collaborative transmission mode;

[0121] wherein, D th，1 is the distance threshold between the cluster head node and the base station, and D th,2 is the distance threshold between the cluster head nodes.

[0122] It should be noted that the distance threshold D th,1 between the cluster head node and the base station and the distance threshold D th,2 between the cluster head nodes can be set based on experience or by the following formula:

[0123] wherein, k is the number of bits required to be transmitted by the node, d max is the maximum distance between the nodes in the cluster and the cluster head node, J is the number of collaborative nodes including the cluster head node, K J is the number of bits transmitted by the collaborative nodes, and are the circuit loss constants of the receiving end and the transmitting end, E0 represents the transmission energy consumption per bit per unit distance for non-collaborative transmission, is the transmission energy consumption per bit per unit distance for collaborative transmission.

[0124] It should be noted that the sufficient condition for using multi-hop transmission based on energy consumption is:

[0125] wherein, is the cluster head node Ci Energy consumption of cooperative transmission with base station, For cluster head node C i Energy consumption of non-cooperative transmission with base station, For cluster head node C i With cluster head node C j Energy consumption of cooperative transmission, For cluster head node C i With cluster head node C j Energy consumption of non-cooperative transmission, For cluster head node C j Energy consumption of cooperative transmission with base station, For cluster head node C j Energy consumption of non-cooperative transmission with base station.

[0126] The above four criteria are derived from the sufficient condition of using multi-hop transmission, that is:

[0127] When d i，j >d i，BS , and d i，BS D th，1 , then the cluster head node i selects the single-hop non-cooperative transmission mode;

[0128] When d i，j >d i，BS , and d i，BS D th，1 , then the cluster head node i selects the single-hop cooperative transmission mode;

[0129] When d i，j d i，BS , and d i,BS D th,1 , then the cluster head node i selects the multi-hop non-cooperative transmission mode;

[0130] When d i,j d i,BS , and d i，j D th，2 , d j，BS D th，1 , then the cluster head node i selects the multi-hop cooperative transmission mode.

[0131] Exemplarily, if d i,j d i,BS , the single-hop transmission mode is used.

[0132] If d i，j d i，BS , and d j,BS D th,1 , then the cluster head node C i → base station BS, and the cluster head node C i → cluster head node Cj and cluster head node C j → base station BS three links are suitable for non-cooperative transmission mode.

[0133] If d i,j <D th,2 and d i，j >D th，2 , d j,BS >D th,1 , cluster head node C i → base station BS, cluster head node C i → cluster head node C j and cluster head node C j → base station BS three links are suitable for cooperative transmission mode.

[0134] In one implementation, step S7 comprises:

[0135] 701. When all data after data aggregation by cluster head node is transmitted through multi-hop cooperative transmission mode, the next hop of cluster head node is selected from the set of candidate cluster head nodes by the following selection criterion, wherein the set of candidate cluster head nodes is composed of all cluster head nodes selecting multi-hop cooperative transmission mode, and the selection criterion is:

[0136] Wherein, is the next hop of cluster head node, is the residual energy of candidate cluster head node m, d i,m is the distance between cluster head node i and candidate cluster head node m, d m,BS is the distance between candidate cluster head node m and base station, wherein m∈Ω, Ω is the set of candidate cluster head nodes;

[0137] 702. The cooperative nodes in the cluster to which the next hop of cluster head node is selected by the following formula:

[0138] Wherein, d m is the distance between intra-cluster node n m and cluster head node, d max is the maximum distance between intra-cluster node and cluster head node, d min is the minimum distance between intra-cluster node and cluster head node, s.t is constraint.

[0139] 703. All data after data aggregation by cluster head node is transmitted to J-1 cooperative nodes in the cluster to which the next hop belongs, wherein J is the number of all cooperative nodes including cluster head node.

[0140] 704, encode the data with the cooperation of the nodes, and transmit the encoded data to the next hop point through J-1 cooperation nodes the next hop point update the cluster head node for the current transmission, and continue transmission to the next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined in the period through the cluster head node for the current transmission, until all data collected in the cluster head node is transmitted to the base station.

[0141] The following is an example of a clustering adaptive routing method of a virtual power plant wireless terminal provided by the application.

[0142] As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 illustrates the structure of clustering of sensor nodes of a virtual power plant. Through the use of a clustering adaptive routing method of a virtual power plant wireless sensor provided by the application for data transmission, as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 illustrates the process of data transmission using a clustering adaptive routing method of a virtual power plant wireless terminal in the example, wherein for each round of transmission, the process of data transmission by the proposed adaptive routing method is as follows:

[0143] 1) Initialize the energy heterogeneous wireless sensor network. First enter the cluster head node selection stage, then the cluster setting stage, in which stage the common nodes in the cluster collect data and transmit them to the cluster head node.

[0144] 2) Set the cluster head node index i = 1.

[0145] 3) Set the index j = i, where j is the starting cluster head node along the transmission path C i .

[0146] 4) Determine the next hop cluster set according to .

[0147] The first condition is:

[0148] The three lemmas are:

[0149] If d i，j > d i，BS , single-hop transmission mode is more optimal.

[0150] If d i，j < d i，BS and d i，BS < D th，1 , then the three links of cluster head node C i → base station BS, cluster head node C i → cluster head node C j and cluster head node C j → base station BS are all suitable for non-cooperative transmission mode.

[0151] If d i,j i,BS and d i,j >D th,2 , d j,BS >D th,1 , then the three links of cluster head node C i → base station BS, cluster head node C i → cluster head node C j and cluster head node C j → base station BS are all suitable for cooperative transmission mode.

[0152] 5) If is empty, C j selects a suitable mode and sends data to BS; at this time if node C i completes the task, go to 8). Otherwise, go to 6). Wherein, when d i，BS <D th，1 , select non-cooperative transmission mode, otherwise, select cooperative transmission mode.

[0153] 6) According to find C i select a suitable mode and transmit data to Wherein, when d i,j <D th,2 , use non-cooperative transmission mode, otherwise, use cooperative transmission mode.

[0154] 7) Update j = j * , then go to 4).

[0155] 8) Update i = i + 1.

[0156] 9) If i > N CH , end this process; otherwise go to 3), wherein N CH is the total number of cluster head nodes.

[0157] In the simulation experiment, the deployment range of sensor nodes in the virtual power plant is 300m x 300m, the number of nodes is 100, the coordinates of the base station are (x = 900m, y = 150m), the initial energy of the node is 0.5-1J, and the size of the data packet owned by each node is 1800 bits. Each cluster head node selects a cooperative node. In order to compare, four kinds of benchmark schemes are included: single-hop non-collaborative, multi-hop non-collaborative, single-hop collaborative and multi-hop collaborative transmission.

[0158] ​Fig. 4 shows the relationship between the number of surviving nodes and the number of transmission rounds of the wireless sensor in different transmission modes. The results show that the performance of the adaptive transmission is the best, and the performances of the four benchmark modes are worse than that of the adaptive transmission. The research shows that almost all the transmission modes have no big difference in the first 70 rounds of the game; however, after 70 rounds, the performance of the proposed adaptive transmission is the best. This is because the adaptive transmission combines the advantages of the four benchmark schemes and adaptively adopts the transmission with lower energy consumption per hop. Therefore, the performance of the proposed adaptive transmission is better than that of the four benchmark test schemes, thereby prolonging the service life of the entire network.

[0159] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the virtual power plant wireless terminal clustering adaptive routing method proposed by the present application, and the following is a detailed description of an embodiment of a virtual power plant wireless terminal clustering adaptive routing system proposed by the present application.

[0160] The present application also proposes a virtual power plant wireless terminal clustering adaptive routing system, which is applied to a wireless terminal network deployed in a virtual power plant. The wireless terminal network includes a plurality of terminal nodes, each of which is in communication connection with a base station and is in communication connection with each other.

[0161] For ease of understanding, please refer to Fig. 5, the present application also proposes a virtual power plant wireless terminal clustering adaptive routing system, which includes:

[0162] A residual energy calculation module 100 is configured to calculate the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process when collecting and transmitting energy to the base station;

[0163] A cluster head node determination module 200 is configured to calculate the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node, and determine the terminal node that becomes a cluster head node according to the probability size;

[0164] A message notification module 300 is configured to broadcast messages to all ordinary nodes through the cluster head node, wherein the ordinary node is a non-cluster head node;

[0165] A clustering module 400 is configured to compare the signal strengths of the messages received by the ordinary nodes from each cluster head node, determine the cluster head node with the highest signal strength of the message, and add the ordinary node to the cluster to which the corresponding cluster head node belongs;

[0166] A data aggregation module 500 is configured to send the data collected by all terminal nodes in each cluster to the cluster head node in the corresponding cluster for data aggregation;

[0167] The transmission mode determination module 600 is configured to determine a preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption of each cluster head node according to the distance between each cluster head node and the base station and the distance between each cluster head node.

[0168] The adaptive transmission module 700 is configured to transmit all data after data aggregation of each cluster head node to the next hop node or the base station through the determined preset transmission mode until all data after data aggregation of the cluster head node is transmitted to the base station.

[0169] In an embodiment, the residual energy calculation module specifically comprises:

[0170] The residual energy calculation submodule is configured to calculate the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process through multiple rounds of energy transmission from each terminal node to the base station, wherein the energy is collected by the terminal node through solar energy, and the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process is calculated by the following formula:

[0171] wherein i represents the terminal node index, r represents the transmission round index, represents the residual energy of the terminal node i at the end of the rth round of transmission, represents the residual energy of the terminal node i at the end of the (r-1)th round of transmission, represents the energy consumption of the terminal node i during the rth round of transmission, represents the energy collected by the terminal node i during the rth round of transmission, represents the average duration of a unit round, represents the average energy collection capability of the terminal node i, ζ i represents the area of the solar panel of the terminal node i, represents the average solar irradiance, i represents the opacity coefficient, i represents the energy collection efficiency coefficient, i ∈[0,1].

[0172] In an embodiment, the cluster head node determination module specifically comprises:

[0173] The probability calculation submodule is configured to calculate the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node by the following formula:

[0174] wherein i represents the terminal node index, r represents the transmission round index, and p' i represents the probability of the terminal node i being selected as a cluster head node, and p iPi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, total Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, CH,BS Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, i,BS Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node,

[0175] Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, i Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node,

[0176] Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, i Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node,

[0177] Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, total Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node,

[0178] Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node, S Pi represents an initial probability that the terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node,

[0179] The cluster head node selection submodule is configured to sort the terminal nodes according to the probabilities that the terminal nodes are selected as cluster head nodes from large to small, and select the terminal nodes with a preset number of bits as cluster head nodes.

[0180] In one embodiment, the transmission mode determination module specifically comprises:

[0181] The distance acquisition submodule is configured to acquire the distance d i,BS between the cluster head node i and the base station, and the distance d i，j between the cluster head node i and the cluster head node j.

[0182] The distance comparison submodule is configured to compare the distance d i，BS between the cluster head node i and the base station with the distance d i,j between the cluster head node i and the cluster head node j.

[0183] The first selection submodule is configured to select the cluster head node i when d i,j > d i,BS , and di,BS <D th,1 If d

[0184] The second selection sub-module is configured to select the single-hop non-collaborative transmission mode when d i，j >d i，BS , and d i，BS ≤D th，1 .

[0185] The third selection sub-module is configured to select the multi-hop non-collaborative transmission mode when d i，j ≤d i，BS , and d i，BS ≤D th，1 .

[0186] The fourth selection sub-module is configured to select the multi-hop collaborative transmission mode when d i,j ≤d i,BS , and d i,j >D th,2 , d i,BS >D th,1 .

[0187] Wherein, D th,1 is a distance threshold between the cluster head node and the base station, and D th,2 is a distance threshold between the cluster head nodes.

[0188] In one specific embodiment, the adaptive transmission module comprises:

[0189] The relay node selection sub-module is configured to select the next hop of the cluster head node from a set of candidate cluster head nodes by the following selection criterion when all data after being aggregated by the cluster head node is transmitted by the multi-hop collaborative transmission mode, wherein the set of candidate cluster head nodes is composed of all cluster head nodes selecting the multi-hop collaborative transmission mode, and the selection criterion is:

[0190] Wherein, is the next hop of the cluster head node, is the residual energy of the candidate cluster head node m, d i,m is the distance between the cluster head node i and the candidate cluster head node m, and d m,BS is the distance between the candidate cluster head node m and the base station, wherein m∈Ω, and Ω is the set of candidate cluster head nodes.

[0191] The helper node selection sub-module is configured to select the cooperative node within the cluster to which the next hop of the cluster head node belongs by the following formula:

[0192] Wherein, dm is a distance between the cluster head node and the cluster head node m is a distance between the cluster head node and the cluster head node max is a distance between the cluster head node and the cluster head node min is a distance between the cluster head node and the cluster head node

[0193] The cooperative transmission submodule is configured to transmit all the data after the data is aggregated by the cluster head node to the next hop point The cooperative transmission submodule is configured to transmit all the data after the data is aggregated by the cluster head node to the next hop point

[0194] The cooperative transmission submodule is configured to transmit all the data after the data is aggregated by the cluster head node to the next hop point The cooperative transmission submodule is configured to transmit all the data after the data is aggregated by the cluster head node to the next hop point The cooperative transmission submodule is configured to transmit all the data after the data is aggregated by the cluster head node to the next hop point

[0195] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the system described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0196] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are only schematic, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the shown or discussed units can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0197] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. According to actual needs, some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0198] In addition, each function unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function unit.

[0199] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the foregoing embodiments of the present application have been described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of each embodiment of the present application.

Claims

1. A clustering adaptive routing method for a virtual power plant wireless terminal, applied to a wireless terminal network deployed in a virtual power plant, the wireless terminal network comprising a plurality of terminal nodes, each terminal node being communicatively connected to a base station, and the terminal nodes being communicatively connected to each other, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: calculating the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process when the energy is collected and transmitted to the base station; calculating the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node, and determining the terminal node as the cluster head node according to the probability; broadcasting messages to all ordinary nodes through the cluster head node, wherein the ordinary node is a non-cluster head node; comparing the signal strength of the messages received by the ordinary node from each cluster head node, determining the cluster head node with the highest signal strength of the messages, and adding the ordinary node to the cluster to which the corresponding cluster head node belongs; sending the data collected by all terminal nodes in each cluster to the cluster head node in the corresponding cluster for data aggregation; determining the preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption of each cluster head node as the criterion of the distance between each cluster head node and the base station and the distance between each cluster head node; transmitting all the data aggregated by each cluster head node to the next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined by each cluster head node until all the data aggregated by the cluster head node is transmitted to the base station.

2. The clustering and adaptive routing method for virtual power plant wireless terminals according to claim 1, wherein, The step of calculating the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process when the energy is collected and transmitted to the base station comprises: A plurality of rounds of energy transmission are performed by each terminal node to the base station, wherein the energy is collected by the terminal node through solar energy, and the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process is calculated by the following formula: wherein i denotes a terminal node index, r denotes a transmission round index, Ei(r) denotes the remaining energy of terminal node i at the end of the rth transmission, denotes the remaining energy of the terminal node i at the end of the r-1th transmission, denotes the energy consumption of terminal node i during the rth round of transmission, Ei(r) denotes the energy collected by the terminal node i during the rth round of transmission, representing the average duration of a unit round, denotes the average energy harvesting capability of terminal node i, ζ i Area of the solar panel for the terminal node i, φ is the average solar irradiance, e is the opacity coefficient, i φ is the average solar irradiance, e is the opacity coefficient, i φ is the average solar irradiance, e is the opacity coefficient, i ∈ [0, 1].

3. The clustering and adaptive routing method of virtual power plant wireless terminals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node, and determining the terminal node as the cluster head node according to the probability comprises: The probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node is calculated by the following formula: where i denotes the index of the terminal node, r denotes the index of the transmission round, p' = p / (1 + p) i denotes the probability that the terminal node i is selected to be the cluster head node, p i denotes the initial probability that the terminal node i is selected to be the cluster head node, represents r pair of the form a and β both represent control factors, a + β = 1, Ei(r) denotes the remaining energy of terminal node i at the end of the rth transmission, Ei represents the initial residual energy of terminal node i total d represents the total initial energy of the wireless terminal network CH，BS d represents the average distance between the historical cluster head node and the base station i，BS G represents the distance between terminal node i and the base station G represents the set of terminal nodes that are not currently selected as cluster head nodes The initial probability p that a terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node i The calculation formula is: where p0represents a predetermined probability, N represents the number of terminal nodes, and a i represents the multiple of the energy of the terminal node i relative to the minimum initial energy, representing the average residual energy of the wireless terminal network, Total initial energy E of the wireless terminal network total The formula for calculating E is: where E S represents the minimum initial energy; sorting each terminal node according to the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node from large to small, and selecting the terminal nodes with the top preset number of bits as cluster head nodes.

4. The clustering and adaptive routing method of virtual power plant wireless terminals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption of each cluster head node as the criterion of the distance between each cluster head node and the base station and the distance between each cluster head node comprises: obtaining a distance d between the cluster head node i and the base station i,BS and a distance d between the cluster head node i and the cluster head node j i，j ; The distance d between the cluster head node i and the base station i，BS The distance d between the cluster head node i and the cluster head node j i，j is compared; When d i,j > D i,BS , and d i，BS > d th，1 , then the cluster head node i selects the single-hop non-cooperative transmission mode; When d i，j > D i，BS , and d i，BS ≥ D th，1 , then the cluster head node i selects the single-hop cooperative transmission mode; When d i，j ≤ d i，BS , and d i，BS ≤ D th，1 , then the cluster head node i selects the multi-hop non-cooperative transmission mode; When d i，j ≤ d i，BS , and d i，j > D th，2 , d j，BS > D th，1 , then the cluster head node i selects the multi-hop cooperative transmission mode; wherein D th，1 is a distance threshold between the cluster head node and the base station, D th,2 is a distance threshold between the cluster head nodes.

5. The clustering and adaptive routing method of virtual power plant wireless terminals according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of transmitting all the data aggregated by each cluster head node to the next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined by each cluster head node until all the data aggregated by the cluster head node is transmitted to the base station comprises: When all the data aggregated by the cluster head nodes is transmitted through the multi-hop cooperative transmission mode, the next hop of the cluster head node is selected from the set of candidate cluster head nodes by the selection criterion as follows, wherein the set of candidate cluster head nodes is composed of all the cluster head nodes selecting the multi-hop cooperative transmission mode, and the selection criterion is: wherein next hop point of the cluster head node, d is the distance between cluster head node i and candidate cluster head node m, i,m d is the distance between cluster head node i and candidate cluster head node m, m，BS d is the distance between candidate cluster head node m and the base station, where m e Ω, and Ω is a set of candidate cluster head nodes. The next hop point of the cluster head node is determined by the following formula selecting a cooperating node within the cluster of the belonging cluster: where d m is the distance between a node n m and the cluster head, d max is the maximum distance between a node and the cluster head, d min is the minimum distance between a node and the cluster head, s.t is a constraint; transmit all data gathered by the cluster head node to the next hop J-1 cooperative nodes in the cluster to which the cluster head node belongs, wherein J is the number of all cooperative nodes including the cluster head node; The data is encoded by the cooperating nodes and transmitted to the next hop by J-1 cooperating nodes The following hop point updating the cluster head node for the current transmission, and continuing to transmit to the next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined by the cluster head node for the current transmission until all the data aggregated by the cluster head node is transmitted to the base station.

6. A clustering adaptive routing system for a virtual power plant wireless terminal, applied to a wireless terminal network deployed in a virtual power plant, the wireless terminal network comprising a plurality of terminal nodes, each terminal node being communicatively connected to a base station, and the terminal nodes being communicatively connected to each other, characterized in that, The system comprises: a residual energy calculation module for calculating the residual energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process when the energy is collected and transmitted to the base station; a cluster head node determination module for calculating the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node, and determining the terminal node as the cluster head node according to the probability; a message notification module for broadcasting messages to all ordinary nodes through the cluster head node, wherein the ordinary node is a non-cluster head node; The clustering module is configured to compare signal strengths of messages received by the common node from respective cluster head nodes, determine a cluster head node with the highest signal strength of the messages, and add the common node to a cluster to which the cluster head node belongs; The data aggregation module is configured to send data collected by all terminal nodes in each cluster to the cluster head node in the corresponding cluster for data aggregation; The transmission mode determination module is configured to determine a preset transmission mode with the lowest energy consumption of each cluster head node according to distances between each cluster head node and the base station and distances between each cluster head node; The adaptive transmission module is configured to transmit all data aggregated by each cluster head node to a next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined by the cluster head node until all data aggregated by the cluster head node is transmitted to the base station.

7. The clustering and adaptive routing system for virtual power plant wireless terminals of claim 6, wherein, The residual energy calculation module specifically includes: The remaining energy calculation sub-module is configured to calculate the remaining energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process by multiple rounds of energy transmission from each terminal node to the base station, wherein the energy is collected by the terminal node through solar energy, and the remaining energy of each terminal node in the energy transmission process is calculated by the following formula: wherein i denotes a terminal node index, r denotes a transmission round index, Ei(r) denotes the remaining energy of terminal node i at the end of the rth transmission, represents the residual energy of the cluster head node at the end of the rth round of transmission the remaining energy of the terminal node i, denotes the energy consumption of terminal node i during the rth round of transmission, Ei(r) denotes the energy collected by the terminal node i during the rth round of transmission, representing the average duration of a unit round, denotes the average energy harvesting capability of terminal node i, ζ i Area of the solar panel for the terminal node i, φ is the average solar irradiance, e is the opacity coefficient, i φ is the average solar irradiance, e is the opacity coefficient, i φ is the average solar irradiance, e is the opacity coefficient, i ∈ [0, 1].

8. The clustering adaptive routing system of virtual power plant wireless terminals according to claim 6, wherein, The cluster head node determination module specifically includes: The probability calculation submodule is configured to calculate the probability of each terminal node being selected as a cluster head node according to the residual energy of each terminal node by the following formula: where i denotes the index of the terminal node, r denotes the index of the transmission round, p' = p / (l + p) i denotes the probability that the terminal node i is selected to be the cluster head node, p i denotes the initial probability that the terminal node i is selected to be the cluster head node, represents r pair of the form a and β both represent control factors, α + β = 1, Ei(r) denotes the remaining energy of terminal node i at the end of the rth transmission, Ei represents the initial residual energy of terminal node i total d represents the total initial energy of the wireless terminal network CH,BS d represents the average distance between the historical cluster head node and the base station i,BS G represents the distance between terminal node i and the base station The initial probability p that a terminal node i is selected as a cluster head node i The calculation formula is: where p0represents a predetermined probability, N represents the number of terminal nodes, and a i represents the multiple of the energy of the terminal node i relative to the minimum initial energy, representing the average residual energy of the wireless terminal network, Total initial energy E of the wireless terminal network total The formula for calculating is: where E S represents the minimum initial energy; The terminal nodes are sorted according to probabilities of being selected as cluster head nodes from large to small, and the terminal nodes with a preset number of bits are selected as cluster head nodes.

9. The clustering adaptive routing system of virtual power plant wireless terminals of claim 6, wherein, The transmission mode determination module specifically includes: a distance acquisition submodule configured to acquire a distance d between the cluster head node i and the base station i,BS and a distance d between the cluster head node i and the cluster head node j i，j ; a distance comparison submodule, configured to compare the distance d between the cluster head node i and the base station i,BS and the distance d between the cluster head node i and the cluster head node j i,j ; The first selection sub-module is configured to select the single-hop non-cooperative transmission mode when d i,j >d i,BS , and d i,BS <D th,1 . The second selection submodule is configured to select a single-hop cooperative transmission mode when d i，j >d i，BS , and d i，BS ≥D th，1 . The third selection sub-module is configured to select the multi-hop non-cooperative transmission mode when d i,j ≤d i,BS , and d i,BS ≤D th,1 . the fourth selection sub-module is configured to select the multi-hop cooperative transmission mode when d i,j ≤ d i,BS , and d i,j >D th,2 , and d j,BS >D th,1 . wherein D th,1 is a distance threshold between the cluster head node and the base station, D th,2 is a distance threshold between the cluster head nodes.

10. The clustering and adaptive routing system for virtual power plant wireless terminals of claim 9, wherein, The adaptive transmission module includes: The hop point selection sub-module is configured to select a next hop point of a cluster head node from a set of candidate cluster head nodes when all data after data aggregation by the cluster head node is transmitted through a multi-hop cooperative transmission mode, wherein the set of candidate cluster head nodes is composed of all cluster head nodes selecting the multi-hop cooperative transmission mode, and the selection criterion is: wherein, next hop point of the cluster head node, d is the distance between the cluster head node i and the candidate cluster head node m, i,m d is the distance between the cluster head node i and the candidate cluster head node m, m,BS d is the distance between the candidate cluster head node m and the base station, where m e Ω, and Ω is a set of candidate cluster head nodes; The assisting node selection sub-module is configured to determine the next hop of the cluster head node by the following formula selecting a cooperating node within the cluster of the belonging cluster: where d m is the distance between a node n m and the cluster head node, d max is the maximum distance between a node and the cluster head node, d min is the minimum distance between a node and the cluster head node, s.t is a constraint; The cooperative transmission submodule is configured to transmit all the data aggregated by the cluster head node to a next hop point J-1 cooperative nodes in the cluster to which the cluster head node belongs, wherein J is the number of all cooperative nodes including the cluster head node; The data transmission sub-module is configured to encode data by using the cooperative nodes, and transmit the encoded data to the next hop by J-1 cooperative nodes The following hop point The cluster head node is updated to a current transmission cluster head node, and all data aggregated by the cluster head node is transmitted to a next hop node or the base station through the preset transmission mode determined by the cluster head node until all data aggregated by the cluster head node is transmitted to the base station.

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