Method for automatically checking 3D models of construction projects

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of computing. A method for automatically checking 3D models of construction projects for compliance with building standards, includes assigning construction information classifiers (CICs) to construction elements in a 3D model of a construction project, uploading the 3D model of the construction project to an automatic checking system, automatically converting the 3D model, extracting CIC data from the resulting structure, checking the extracted CICs against a database to confirm the suitability of the construction elements for use in the construction project, and automatically checking the values of object attributes for compliance with building regulations and government standards. If the check produces a negative result, the building project model is returned to the contractor to remedy any violations. The technical result consists in more accurate automatic checking of 3D models of construction projects for compliance with building standards.

Description

[0001] A METHOD FOR AUTOMATIC CHECKING OF 3D MODELS OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

[0002] AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

[0003] The claimed technical solution generally relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular to a method for automatically checking the compliance of three-dimensional models of construction projects with the requirements of building standards.

[0004] LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

[0005] Any stage of the life cycle of a production technological facility, such as an installation, component, structural unit, structure, building, enterprise and / or complex, is characterized by high duration, complexity, long logistics chains and a large number of involved contractors, which may be located at a significant geographical distance from each other and from the location of the production facility.

[0006] Even after design and construction are complete, maintaining the facilities, such as replacing worn components and / or upgrading them, often involves labor-intensive, multi-factorial, and, consequently, error-prone processes. Multiple phases—design, construction, operation, maintenance, etc.—may be performed by different contractors and interdependent on each other, meaning even a minor error or inaccuracy in one phase can trigger a cascade of errors in subsequent phases and / or stages. Correcting such errors in large-scale projects can be a very resource-intensive task.

[0007] The likelihood of such errors or inaccuracies increases further due to the involvement of a large number of participants at different stages of the life cycle of a production facility (for example, customer representatives, design organizations, operating organizations, suppliers, service organizations, etc.) and, in addition, due to the fact that many of them are forced to operate with a large amount of non-standardized engineering data.

[0008] The complexity, diversity, and large volumes of engineering data generated and used in relation to a production facility make clear and accurate communication challenging and reduce the effectiveness of interactions.

[0009] Patent RU2644506C2, "PROJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR ENSURING OPTIMAL INTERACTION WITH DIGITAL MODELS" (patent holder LATISTA TECHNOLOGIES, INC., published February 12, 2018), is known in the prior art. This patent describes systems and methods that enable visualization and interaction with digital building information modeling (BIM) models. BIM models can be used to implement project management processes on-site. BIM models can also be shared between multiple devices on-site and received via a cloud service when connecting to the devices.

[0010] The prior art includes patent US9070216B2 “Four-dimensional augmented reality models for interactive visualization and automated construction progress monitoring” (patent holder UNIV ILLINOIS, published June 30, 2015).This invention patent describes a method for monitoring the progress of construction, which comprises storing in memory a plurality of unordered images obtained from photographs taken at a site; combining several images to reconstruct a dense three-dimensional (3D) embedded point cloud model, including combined pixels from several images in the three-dimensional space of the site; correcting and converting the three-dimensional as-built model into a coordinate system of the object existing in a three-dimensional planned building information model (the "design model"); and superimposing the constructed three-dimensional model on the planned three-dimensional model for their joint visualization to display the progress of completion of the construction of the structure shown in the planned three-dimensional model.The processor can further link the project schedule to the planned 3D model to create a 4D planned timeline model, which, when visualized using a 3D as-built point cloud, enables conflict detection and schedule quality control during construction.

[0011] The prior art includes patent application US20230245393A1 "Methods and systems for wireframes of a structure or element of interest and wireframes generated therefrom" (patent holder POINTIVO INC, published 03.08.2023). This invention application describes a system comprising: at least one computing device comprising a processor; and a wireframe verification application stored in memory, wherein execution of the wireframe verification application by the processor causes at least one computing device to: a. provide at least one 2D image or 3D representation of a scene including the structure or element of interest, wherein the plurality of regions are present in at least one 2D image or 3D representation; b. identify the structure or element of interest in a first region of the plurality of regions, thereby providing a first identified structure or element; c.process at least one 2D image or 3D representation to create a processed wireframe for the first identified structure or element, wherein the processing includes applying a machine learning system configured to simulate user actions in wireframe verification processes; and d. check the processed wireframe for compliance with the first identified structure or element, thereby providing a first verified wireframe for the first identified structure or element.

[0012] Furthermore, to generate engineering data, various contractors may use tools that are unavailable to other project participants. In some cases, this may necessitate the transfer of information piecemeal using disparate and less secure channels. This further complicates the collection, processing, coordination, protection, updating, and retrieval of site data.

[0013] Thus, there is currently a need to create a system that can improve the efficiency, safety and reliability of interaction and coordination between participants involved in the creation, operation and maintenance of production facilities at any stage of their life cycle.

[0014] ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The proposed technical solution proposes a new approach to automatically verifying the compliance of 3D models of construction projects with building code requirements.

[0016] The technical result is to increase the accuracy of automatic verification of compliance of three-dimensional models of construction projects with the requirements of building standards.

[0017] The said technical result is achieved by implementing a method for automatically checking the compliance of three-dimensional models of construction projects with the requirements of building standards, performed using a processor and comprising the following stages:

[0018] - assign construction information classifiers (CIC) to the building elements of the three-dimensional model of the construction project, and assign object attributes to each class;

[0019] - upload a three-dimensional model of the construction project into the automatic verification system;

[0020] - perform automatic conversion of the three-dimensional model of the project into the specified data structure of the system; - extract the KSI from the obtained data structure;

[0021] - check the extracted KSI against the database to confirm the suitability of using building elements in a construction project, on which the operational properties of buildings and structures depend;

[0022] - after which the values ​​of the attributes of objects are automatically checked for compliance with the requirements of building codes and GOST;

[0023] - search for the presence or absence of geometric and spatial collisions between building elements in the model using templates established in the system;

[0024] - I create a digital twin of the project, which includes engineering and technical documentation and a 3D model of the object to support the entire life cycle of the construction project within the framework of the project based on a positive result of the verification of the KSI, the values ​​of the attributes of the objects and geometric and spatial collisions;

[0025] - if the inspection result is negative, the construction project model is returned to the contractor to correct the violations.

[0026] DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The invention will be further described in accordance with the accompanying drawing, which is provided to illustrate the invention and in no way limits its scope. The following drawing is attached to the application:

[0028] Fig. 1 - illustrates a block diagram of the general execution of the stages of the claimed method.

[0029] Fig. 2 - illustrates the architecture diagram.

[0030] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0031] The following detailed description of the invention includes numerous implementation details intended to provide a clear understanding of the present invention. However, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate how the present invention may be utilized with or without these implementation details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the features of the present invention.

[0032] Furthermore, it will be clear from the foregoing description that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described. Numerous possible modifications, changes, variations, and substitutions, while preserving the spirit and form of the present invention, will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0033] The assessment of conformity of buildings, structures, construction processes, construction materials and products used, as well as work and services performed during design and construction, is carried out to establish their compliance with the mandatory requirements of technical regulations and the requirements of state standards and building codes and regulations in effect as mandatory during the transition period, as well as the requirements specified in contracts and in design assignments of national standards and regulatory documents on construction intended for voluntary application.

[0034] Part of the conformity assessment system in construction is the procedure for confirming the suitability of new products for use in construction in order to protect against the unjustified use of new materials, products, structures, and technologies, as well as to create favorable conditions for the elimination of technical barriers to the implementation of progressive domestic and foreign achievements in construction.

[0035] The presence of organizational standards or technical specifications for new products does not preclude the need to confirm the suitability of these products for use in construction and obtain a technical certificate.

[0036] Fig. 1 shows the general process for implementing the claimed method (100) for automatically verifying the compliance of 3D construction project models with building code requirements. At step (101), building information classifiers (BICs) are assigned to the building elements of the 3D construction project model, with object attributes assigned to each class. At step (102), the 3D construction project model is loaded into the automatic verification system. The 3D model can be loaded in IFC format. The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) format is designed to describe data on architecture, design, and construction, and is an international format adopted in our country as the data transfer standard for 3D building models. For example, a construction engineer can modify or expand the data model to meet static requirements and return the changes to the architect without loss.The construction service planner can use this information to plan the route.

[0037] Furthermore, the proposed solution includes the ability to create tasks, assign responsible parties, and specify task deadlines using a feedback system. This system allows the user to create custom fields for tasks, thus allowing the system to be customized for any complexity of document approval processes.

[0038] Next, at step (103), the 3D project model is automatically converted into the specified system data structure. At step (104), the KSIs are extracted from the resulting data structure, and at step (105), the extracted KSIs are verified against the database to confirm the suitability of the building elements in the construction project, which determine the operational properties of buildings and structures. The database contains various construction information classifiers that describe various classes of building objects, such as walls, windows, doors, etc. Each class of building object has mandatory attributes, such as door width, door height, fire rating, etc. At step (106), the object attribute values ​​are automatically verified for compliance with building code and GOST requirements.

[0039] For example, if a door's width must be at least 900 mm, this means that in the proposed solution, the algorithm automatically searches the database for all objects that match the "Door" class. For each of these objects, it checks the value in the "Width" attribute. If the value is 800 mm, it returns an error indicating which door violates this rule. Thus, this works for all objects and any parameters.

[0040] Next, at step (107), the presence or absence of geometric and spatial clashes between building elements in the model is checked using templates established in the system. The system uses a 3D kernel to check for geometric and spatial clashes. This kernel takes a 3D construction project model in IFC format and, using templates, checks the model for clashes and generates error reports via the REST API or in any required format.

[0041] The database contains templates for checking 3D project models for geometric, spatial, and regulatory clashes. Geometric clashes occur when two physical objects intersect, such as a column and a door. Spatial clashes verify the spatial position of two objects according to building codes and state standards. For example, the minimum distance between a column and a door must be 2 meters. Regulatory clashes verify the attribute information of an object according to building codes or state standards. For example, the width of a door must not be less than 0.9 meters.

[0042] Furthermore, the proposed solution enables the uploading of building code and GOST templates in XML format, as a machine-readable format for building codes and GOST standards in an XML data structure has been developed. This format is currently being tested by the Federal Center for Standardization and Control of the Ministry of Construction and, as a result, may become the state standard for machine-readable regulations. Next, at step (108), a digital twin of the project is created, including engineering and technical documentation and a 3D model of the object to support the entire lifecycle of the construction project within the project, based on a positive verification of the KSI, object attribute values, and geometric and spatial clashes. If the verification fails, the construction project model is returned to the contractor for correction.

[0043] A project digital twin is a virtual copy of a physical asset, process, or system, complete with technical information that allows for understanding and modeling overall performance. The project digital twin is continuously updated with data from the physical asset. This information is used to understand and model overall project performance. Using a digital twin, all construction progress information is available in one place, including asset tags, work orders, maintenance records, inspection reports, and work plan details.

[0044] A digital twin supports the asset lifecycle within a project. It enables collaboration, real-time data management, and analytics. Collaboration allows each project participant to share and access project data and information on the job site and in the office. Organizations can then begin collecting and managing real-time data to reduce response times to any disruptions. Finally, analytics enables the construction industry to leverage intelligent data for informed decision-making.

[0045] This technical solution can be implemented on a computer, in the form of an automated information system (AIS) or a machine-readable medium containing instructions for performing the above-mentioned method of automatically checking the compliance of three-dimensional models of construction projects with the requirements of building standards.

[0046] The technical solution may be implemented in the form of a distributed computing system that ensures the implementation of the claimed method or is part of a computer system, for example, a server, a personal computer, part of a computing cluster that processes the necessary data to implement the claimed technical solution.

[0047] In general, the system comprises one or more processors, memory such as RAM and ROM, input / output interfaces, input / output devices, and a device for network interaction, all connected by a common information exchange bus.

[0048] The processor (or several processors, a multi-core processor, etc.) can be selected from a range of devices that are widely used today, for example, from manufacturers such as: Intel™, AMD™, Apple™, Samsung Exynos™, MediaTEK™, Qualcomm Snapdragon™, etc. The processor or one of the processors used in the system must also include a graphics processor, for example, an NVIDIA or Graphcore GPU, the type of which is also suitable for the full or partial implementation of the method, and can also be used for training and applying machine learning models in various information systems.

[0049] RAM stands for random access memory and is designed to store machine-readable instructions executed by the processor to perform the necessary logical data processing operations. RAM typically contains executable instructions from the operating system and corresponding software components (applications, software modules, etc.). The available memory of a graphics card or graphics processor can also serve as RAM.

[0050] ROM is one or more permanent storage devices, such as a hard disk drive (HDD), solid-state drive (SSD), flash memory (EEPROM, NAND, etc.), optical storage media (CD-R / RW, DVD-R / RW, BlueRay Disc, MD), etc.

[0051] Various types of I / O interfaces are used to organize the operation of system components and organize the operation of external connected devices. The choice of appropriate interfaces depends on the specific design of the computing device, which may include, but are not limited to: PCI, AGP, PS / 2, IrDA, FireWire, LPT, COM, SATA, IDE, Lightning, USB (2.0, 3.0, 3.1, micro, mini, type C), TRS / Audio jack (2.5, 3.5, 6.35), HDMI, DVI, VGA, Display Port, RJ45, RS232, etc.

[0052] To ensure user interaction with the computing system, various I / O information means are used, such as a keyboard, display (monitor), touch display, touchpad, joystick, mouse, light pen, stylus, touch panel, trackball, speakers, microphone, augmented reality tools, optical sensors, tablet, light indicators, projector, camera, biometric identification tools (retinal scanner, fingerprint scanner, voice recognition module), etc.

[0053] The network communication tool provides data transfer via an internal or external computer network, such as an Intranet, Internet, LAN, etc. One or more of the following may be used, but are not limited to: an Ethernet card, a GSM modem, a GPRS modem, an LTE modem, a 5G modem, a satellite communication module, an NFC module, a Bluetooth and / or BLE module, a Wi-Fi module, etc.

[0054] A program is a sequence of instructions intended for execution by a computer control unit or command processing device.

[0055] In these application materials, a preferred disclosure of the implementation of the claimed technical solution was presented, which should not be used as limiting other, particular embodiments of its implementation that do not go beyond the scope of the requested scope of legal protection and are obvious to specialists in the relevant field of technology.

Claims

Invention formula 1. A computer-implemented method for automatically checking the compliance of three-dimensional models of construction projects with the requirements of building standards, performed using a processor and containing the following stages: - assign construction information classifiers (CIC) to the building elements of the three-dimensional model of the construction project, and assign object attributes to each class; - upload a three-dimensional model of the construction project into the automatic verification system; - perform automatic conversion of a three-dimensional model of a project into a given data structure of the system; - extracted from the obtained data structure of the KSI; - check the extracted KSI against the database to confirm the suitability of using building elements in a construction project, on which the operational properties of buildings and structures depend; - after which an automatic check of the values ​​of the object attributes is carried out for compliance with the requirements of building codes and GOST; - search for the presence or absence of geometric and spatial collisions between building elements in the model using templates established in the system; - create a digital twin of the project, which includes engineering and technical documentation and a ZI model of the object to support the entire life cycle of the construction project within the framework of the project based on a positive result of the verification of the KSI, the values ​​of the attributes of the objects and geometric and spatial collisions; - if the inspection result is negative, the construction project model is returned to the contractor to correct the violations.

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