A machine for removing water by absorption

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine (100) for removing excess water from fabric (200) in textile factories and textile finishing establishments, characterized by: a vacuum element (101) with a venturi system that generates negative pressure to ensure the removal of water in the form of droplets, along with air, from the fabric (200), to ensure the stability of air flow volume and consistency in fabric moisture absorption; a suction section (110) connected to the vacuum element (101) that vacuums water from the fabric (200) through the air suction created by the vacuum element (101); a circulation pump (113) positioned at the bottom of the suction section (110) to achieve higher vacuum levels.

Description

[0001] A MACHINE FOR REMOVING WATER BY ABSORPTION

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The invention relates to a machine developed to remove excess water from fabric in textile factories and textile finishing establishments.

[0004] The invention specifically relates to a machine that quickly removes water by absorbing it along with the air it inhales, during textile finishing processes.

[0005] PRIOR ART

[0006] In textile factories, fabric finishing is a process applied to enhance the quality and durability of the fabric. This process is used to correct the texture of the fabric, fix its colors, and soften it. Fabric finishing generally includes steps such as washing, dyeing, softening, and drying the fabric. To clean the fabric of dirt and adhesive substances, special detergents and chemicals are used in washing the fabric. This step is essential for cleaning and preparing the fabric. The dyeing process is carried out to fix the fabric's colors and dye it in the desired colors. This process is usually performed through machinery and helps make the fabric's colors more vibrant and long-lasting. Special chemicals and processes are used to correct the fabric's texture and soften it. This step ensures that the fabric becomes more comfortable and usable. In general, fabric finishing is an important step in textile factories to enhance the fabric's quality and provide the best product to customers. Through this process, fabrics become more durable, their colors become more vibrant, and their texture becomes softer. As a result, fabric finishing is an indispensable step in the textile industry and ensures that fabrics have a longer lifespan.

[0007] The fabric needs to be dried after the dyeing and finishing processes. This step ensures that the fabric reaches the desired form and quality. Water molecules are attached to the surface of the fibers by adhesion forces. Therefore, a stronger mechanical effect is required to separate the water molecules. Most of this water is removed mechanically. The remaining water on the fabric is removed using heat. This process relies on passing the textile product through rollers under a certain pressure. The most important rollers used are the squeezing rollers. In textile, the squeezing process involves passing the fabric between two rubber- coated rollers under a certain pressure. This method can operate continuously. Depending on the fabric type, water can be removed in amounts ranging from 7% to 43%. There is a risk of breakage and uneven squeezing. The problem that arises in the squeezing system is the deformation of the rollers, which occurs as the fabric width increases. This deformation unbalances the pressure applied to the fabric, causing water to be removed unevenly, with the center of the fabric remaining more moist than the edges. This imbalance in water distribution reduces the efficiency of the drying process with convection. The most important factor in the squeezing method is squeezing efficiency. Factors that affect the amount of water remaining on the fabric after squeezing include the pressure applied to the fabric, the hardness of the roller surface, the temperature of the water in the fabric, the fabric's passage speed, and the roller diameter. The pressure applied to the fabric is obtained by dividing the total load at the roller's end by the roller length. As the pressure increases, the amount of water remaining on the fabric decreases. However, there is a limit to the pressure that can be applied, as excessively high squeezing pressures do not decrease the amount of water left in the fabric but increase the fabric's crushing. As the hardness of the roller surface increases, the pre-drying effect increases. For this reason, hard rollers are generally preferred for woven fabrics, ensuring that the fabric undergoes less deformation as a result of the pressure. Pressure can be increased to reduce the amount of water left on the fabric. The temperature of the water in the fabric decreases as the temperature increases, which reduces the amount of water absorbed by the fabric. The fabric's passage speed through the rollers plays a minor role in the amount of water removed. The roller diameter has very little effect on the removal of water. Smaller diameter rollers create higher pressure due to their smaller contact area. In squeezing rollers, the squeezing pressure does not exceed 5-6 bars. The wet product is passed between two rollers covered with elastic material, and the water is removed by applying pressure.

[0008] Nowadays, the rope opening machine removes excess water by opening the wet knitted or woven fabric into a wide fabric form and then wrapping it for further processing. Squeeze rollers are used on the machine to adjust the fabric's moisture balance. The rubber hardness of the squeeze rollers on the machine is produced in a range of 90-95 shore for the 1 st roller and 80-85 shore for the 2nd roller. In some cases, squeeze rollers may not squeeze the fabric evenly. This can lead to issues such as excessive squeezing in some areas of the fabric or insufficient squeezing in others. Such issues in the process stages can lead to wrinkles or deformations of the fabric during the squeezing process. Especially, delicate or thin fabrics are more sensitive to these types of deformations and may not be suitable for different fabric types or processes. Moreover, squeeze rollers require regular maintenance and repairs. Wear or damage on the surfaces of the rollers can negatively affect the process efficiency and fabric quality. Another issue is their inefficient use of energy, which increases operating costs and environmental impact.

[0009] In the fabric finishing process, following the dyeing phase, the removal of excess water left on the fabric is essential. One of the developments resulting from studies to remove excess water from fabric after dyeing is the utility model application numbered TR 2008 / 03013 titled “Multi-purpose unit with rope opening, tube cutting, and balloon squeezing machines.” The invention relates to a unit used in textile finishing-dyeing operations, both for opening tube and wide-width fabrics, and includes a converter that adjusts the direction of the fabric; a tube fabric inlet when the fabric is tube-shaped; a tube fabric cutting machine when the fabric is tube-shaped; a rope opening machine that moves back and forth to open the rope-shaped fabric; at least one fular that enables pre-finishing, dyeing, and washing processes; and a balloon squeezing machine that ensures the removal or squeezing of water left on the fabric after prefinishing, dyeing, and washing processes.

[0010] As a result, the need for a machine that absorbs excess water by controlling the flow speed of water through the fabric, which eliminates the disadvantages in the existing technology and the inadequacy of current solutions, has made it necessary to develop a solution in the related technical field.

[0011] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] The present invention is a machine developed to remove excess water from fabric in textile factories and textile finishing operations, overcoming the aforementioned disadvantages and offering additional advantages.

[0013] Based on the known state of the art, the objective of the invention is to remove water from the fabric by vacuuming and absorbing it through a vacuum unit, comprising a suction section, separator, and centrifugal pump, which eliminates the existing disadvantages.

[0014] Another aim of the invention is to remove excess water from the fabric by creating an airflow that draws the air through the fabric and expels the water droplets along with it. Another aim of the invention is to center the fabric around a pair of draw rollers before passing it through the vacuum unit using a centering device.

[0015] Another aim of the invention is to ensure that products, which are prone to wrinkles and sensitive to pressure (such as fabrics whose surface structure can be damaged), are dried without harm, due to the water being removed with this method.

[0016] Another aim of the invention is to pass the fabric, in its open width, through one or more suction slits and allow the air coming through these slits to be sucked by the centrifugal pumps, thereby helping to remove some of the water absorbed by the fabric.

[0017] Another aim of the invention is to ensure that the liquid in the capillaries of the fabric is drawn out by the vacuum, thanks to the addition of a vacuum slot aligned with the fular.

[0018] Another aim of the invention is to reduce the amount of water in the pores and spaces between fibers and yarns by passing the fabric over a vacuum slot.

[0019] Another aim of the invention is to ensure that the vacuum unit can be placed instead of the squeezing rollers in the current rope opening machine, and can be used independently before the ramoz machines, thereby reducing the moisture content remaining before the ramoz, lowering drying costs, and increasing the thermal efficiency of ram and drying machines.

[0020] Another aim of the invention is to achieve the drying process with less power consumption, thanks to the machine’s vacuum pumps using less energy.

[0021] Another aim of the invention is to eliminate maintenance costs, provide quieter operation, and remove the need for lubrication, thanks to the machine’s minimal mechanical components.

[0022] The structural and characteristic features, as well as all advantages of the invention, will be more clearly understood from the detailed explanation provided below, along with the references to the accompanying figures. Therefore, the evaluation should be made by considering these figures and detailed explanations.

[0023] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0024] To fully understand the structure of the current invention and its advantages with additional components, it should be evaluated in conjunction with the figures described below.

[0025] Figure 1: A schematic general view of the vacuum section of the machine, where the excess water present in the fabric is removed. Figure 2: A schematic general view of the section where the excess water removed from the fabric is collected.

[0026] Reference Numbers

[0027] 100. Machine

[0028] 101. Vacuum element

[0029] 102. Distance adjustment apparatus

[0030] 103. Distance tracking sensor

[0031] 104. Sensor motor

[0032] 105. Output guide idle rollers

[0033] 106. Input idle rollers

[0034] 107. Unwinding roller

[0035] 108. Guide plate

[0036] 109. Storage and filtration tank

[0037] 110. Suction section

[0038] 111. Filter

[0039] 112. Drain valve

[0040] 113. Circulation pump

[0041] 200. Fabric

[0042] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0043] In this detailed description, the invention, which has been developed for use in textile factories and textile finishing establishments, relates to a machine (100) for removing excess water from the fabric (200). This is presented as an example to better understand the subject and does not create any limiting effect.

[0044] In the production process of textile products, various finishing processes are applied, and during these processes, it is necessary to remove the moisture absorbed by the fabrics (200). The machine (100) subject to this invention ensures the removal of water from the fabric (200). Unlike existing vacuum pumps, the mentioned machine

[0045] (100) consumes less energy and, therefore, requires less power. The machine's (100) minimal mechanical components reduce maintenance costs, provide quieter operation, and eliminate the need for lubrication.

[0046] As shown in Figure 1 , the machine (100) primarily consists of a vacuum element

[0047] (101 ) that creates negative pressure to ensure the removal of water from the fabric (200), preferably using a venturi system to maintain air flow volume stability and consistency in fabric moisture absorption. The vacuum element (101 ) is located at the bottom of the machine, and a water flow guide plate (108) is positioned under the vacuum element (101 ) to direct the water towards the storage and filtration tank (109). The suction section (110) connected to the vacuum element (101 ) absorbs water from the fabric (200) via air suction created by the vacuum element (101 ), and the suction section is equipped with a circulation pump (113) at the bottom to achieve higher vacuum levels. Additionally, the machine (100) includes a distance adjustment apparatus (102) positioned in a way that allows the correct positioning of the fabric (200) above the suction section (110), as well as a distance tracking sensor (103) positioned above the vacuum element (101 ) to track the fabric's (200) correct position. A sensor motor (104) is positioned above the sensor (103) to operate the distance tracking sensor (103). To direct the fabric (200) towards the vacuum element (101 ) and prevent uncontrolled movement, two output guide idle rollers (105) are placed one before and one after the vacuum element (101 ). To guide the fabric (200) to the entrance of the vacuum element (101 ) and ensure it is properly placed, input idle rollers (106) are located at the fabric’s (200) entry point into the machine. To optimize the spread of fabric (200) on the vacuum element (101 ) and ensure more effective use of the vacuum element (101 ), the fabric (200) passes through the input idle rollers (106) before moving to the output guide idle rollers (105), followed by an opening roller (107). This setup ensures that the fabric (200) is evenly spread under the vacuum element (101 ), enabling the vacuum element (101 ) to hold the fabric (200) more effectively.

[0048] Excess water removed from the fabric (200) by the vacuum element (101 ) is collected in the storage and filtration tank (109), as shown in Figure 2, where it is filtered. A filter (111 ) is positioned on the side of the storage and filtration tank (109) to capture dust, fibers, or other particles, preventing them from entering the vacuum system and improving the performance and effectiveness of the vacuum element (101 ) while keeping the fabric (200) clean during processing. A discharge valve (112) is located at the bottom of the storage and filtration tank (109) to release the accumulated waste.

[0049] In the machine (100), the vacuum element (101 ) pulls water from the fabric (200) into the suction section (110) and directs the foreign water to the storage filtration tank (109). The distance tracking sensor (103) ensures the suction section's (110) slits open and close as needed. To adjust the vacuum power, the venturi injector (101 ) is used, allowing the water on the fabric (200) to be drawn out through air suction. Before passing through the vacuum element (101 ), the fabric (200) enters a pair of opening rollers (107) to maintain tension. The fabric (200), in an open width, is then passed through the suction section (110), enabling the removal of some of the absorbed water along with the air.

[0050] The characteristic feature of the machine (100) is the use of a venturi injection system as a vacuum element (101 ), which differs from traditional vacuum systems. The injection system creates a pressure differential between the fluid inlet and outlet by narrowing the pipe cross-section (the pressure is higher at the output of the circulation pump (113)). This pressure drop leads to an increase in speed, allowing water to be drawn from the fabric (200). The venturi injector is a system with a constricted throat section within a pipeline or channel. This narrowing increases the speed of the fluid while reducing the pressure, and this low-pressure area can be used to draw in or inject a second fluid through a side inlet. The venturi effect is utilized to transfer a fluid from one medium to another. The advantages of this system include a high water transfer rate, minimal maintenance costs, controlled and timely transmission, and efficient operation of both pressurized and non-pressurized fluid flows.

[0051] The machine (100) assists in removing water from products that are prone to wrinkles and sensitive to pressure (such as those with surface structures that can be damaged) through a mechanical method. In this way, the needs of textile finishing establishments are met.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A machine (100) for removing excess water from fabric (200) in textile factories and textile finishing establishments, characterized by;- a vacuum element (101 ) with a venturi system that generates negative pressure to ensure the removal of water in the form of droplets, along with air, from the fabric (200), to ensure the stability of air flow volume and consistency in fabric moisture absorption,- a suction section (110) connected to the vacuum element (101 ) that vacuums water from the fabric (200),- a circulation pump (113) positioned at the bottom of the suction section (110) to achieve higher vacuum levels.

2. The machine (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by; a water flow guide plate (108) positioned at the bottom of the vacuum element (101 ) to control the flow of water and direct it to the storage and filtration tank (109).

3. The machine (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by; a distance adjustment apparatus (102) positioned oppositely to determine the correct position of the fabric (200) above the suction section (110).

4. The machine (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by; a distance tracking sensor (103) positioned at the upper part of the vacuum element (101 ) in such a way that it detects the fabric's (200) correct position, and it is configured to open and close the slits of the suction section (110).

5. The machine (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by; a sensor motor (104) positioned at the upper part and connected to the distance tracking sensor (103) to operate the sensor.

6. The machine (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by; output guide idle rollers (105) positioned before and after the vacuum element (101 ) to feed the fabric (200) to the vacuum element (101 ) and prevent uncontrolled movement.

7. The machine (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by; input idle rollers(106) positioned at the entrance of the machine, through which the fabric (200) passes, ensuring the fabric (200) is directed and correctly placed at the vacuum element (101 ).

8. The machine (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by; an opening roller(107) that transfers the fabric (200) from the input idle rollers (106) to the outputguide idle rollers (105) to optimize the spread of the fabric (200) on the vacuum element (101 ) and improve the vacuum element's (101 ) efficiency.

9. The machine (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by; a storage and filtration tank (109) connected to the vacuum element (101 ) via the suction section (110) to store and filter the excess water removed from the fabric (200).

10. The machine (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by; a filter (111 ) positioned on the side of the storage and filtration tank (109) to capture dust, fibers, or other particles, preventing them from entering the vacuum system, improving the performance and efficiency of the vacuum element (101 ), and keeping the fabric (200) clean during processing.

11. The machine (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by; a discharge valve (113) positioned at the bottom of the storage and filtration tank (109) to allow the discharge of accumulated waste.

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